专题01 名词（专项训练）（天津专用）2027年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

**基本信息** 聚焦名词词义辨析，通过基础、重难、真题三级演练构建由易到难的训练体系，强化语境中词汇应用与辨析能力，提升语言理解及思维判断素养。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |模拟·基础演练|14题|单句语境中的基础名词词义辨析，选项为常用易混名词|从核心词义积累切入，覆盖日常高频名词| |重难·创新演练|20题|复杂语境下的抽象名词辨析，涉及固定搭配与情景应用|深化易混名词（如approach/way）的语境差异，构建词义网络| |真题·实战演练|7题|高考真题中的名词考查，体现命题趋势|对接高考考点，强化应试迁移能力|

第01讲 名词 目 录 模拟·基础演练 1 重难·创新演练 2 真题·实战演练 2 模拟·基础演练 考查重点：名词的词义辨析 1．（2026·天津北辰·二模）Children have a natural  ________  about the world around them and they tend to keep asking questions about it. A．phenomenon B．atmosphere C．inspiration D．curiosity 2．（2026·天津南开·一模）We hope that AI integration into the classroom becomes a regular happening rather than a rare ________. A．atmosphere B．release C．treat D．exception 3．（2026·天津南开·一模）The saying criticizes any ________ that fails to identify the root cause and ________ ineffective in solving underlying issues. A．recreation; proved B．consequence; is proved C．approach; proves D．commitment; has proven 4．（2026·天津滨海新区·一模）The coach repeatedly stressed the significance of ______ in the team, pointing out that individual talent alone is not enough to win a basketball game. A．attraction B．cooperation C．decoration D．function 5．（25-26高三下·天津静海·开学考试）I still remember the ______ where the headmaster awarded me the prize. A．view B．scene C．scenery D．sight 6．（25-26高三下·天津宁河·开学考试）As far as I know, the new museum in our city doesn’t charge for , so anyone can visit it for free. A．permission B．admission C．recognition D．consideration 7．（25-26高三上·天津河东·期末）With the development of artificial intelligence, a growing public _____ has emerged about its potential impact on the job market. A．curiosity B．debate C．fortune D．harmony 8．（25-26高三上·天津河北·期末）The story of The Hunchback of Notre-Dame reminds us that a person’s worth lies in their inner beauty and ________, rather than their social status or physical appearance. A．compromise B．integrity C．prejudice D．occupation 9．（25-26高三上·天津和平·期末）It is clear that whole world is passing through a social rejuvenation in which a central must be taken by scientists and technologists. A．process B．attention C．measure D．part 10．（25-26高三上·天津滨海新区·期中）He gave himself a new name to hide his ________ when he went to carry out the secret task. A．emotion B．talent C．treasure D．identity 11．（25-26高三上·天津静海·期中）J. K. Rowling provides a fascinating _________ of her journey from her humble beginnings in a small country cafe to becoming a globally known author, inspiring millions. A．target B．account C．experiment D．intention 12．（25-26高三上·天津和平·期中）These activities will contribute to promoting the full and equal ________ of all women in various fields in society. A．donation B．participation C．distribution D．qualification 13．（25-26高三上·天津南开·期中）With the continuous ________ of its overseas markets, the local enterprise has gradually become a well-known brand in the international field. A．extension B．explosion C．expansion D．exposure 14．（25-26高三上·天津·期中）When people are depressed,some experience a loss of________ while others can’t stop eating. A．advance B．power C．sight D．appetite 重难·创新演练 1．（2026·天津滨海新区·一模）The coach repeatedly stressed the significance of ______ in the team, pointing out that individual talent alone is not enough to win a basketball game. A．attraction B．cooperation C．decoration D．function 2．（2026·天津东丽·一模）Living in the coastal town, the locals have developed a remarkable ________ of predicting when the tides will rise or fall. A．passion B．sense C．memory D．preference 3．（2026·天津南开·一模）The saying criticizes any ________ that fails to identify the root cause and ________ ineffective in solving underlying issues. A．recreation; proved B．consequence; is proved C．approach; proves D．commitment; has proven 4．（2026·天津南开·一模）We hope that AI integration into the classroom becomes a regular happening rather than a rare ________. A．atmosphere B．release C．treat D．exception 5．（2026·天津红桥·一模）He is a mountain climber, an inspirational speaker and a(n) ______ for the disabled. A．nominee B．advocate C．transformer D．assistant 6．（2026·天津河北·一模）The ancient murals in the Mogao Grottoes stand as a(n) ______ to how the Silk Road brought East and West together thousands of years ago. A．witness B．reaction C．awareness D．solution 7．（2025·天津南开·一模）The security team conducted a thorough ______ of the entire facility to ensure no unauthorized (未授权的) personnel had entered. A．inspection B．study C．survey D．exploration 8．（2025·天津河东·一模）Thanks to the effort made by the government, many farmers in China now have ______ to basic health care. A．entrance B．access C．introduction D．devotion 9．（2025·天津河北·一模）The famous scientist Charles Darwin spent years studying animals in the Galapagos Islands, which became a great_________ for his theory of evolution. A．inspiration B．production C．symbol D．medium 10．（2026·天津河北·二模）By analysing recent emissions data, scientists have identified a significant drop in nationwide gasoline ________ . A．consumption B．satisfaction C．immigration D．qualification 11．（2026·天津南开·二模）The book provides a detailed ________ of the historical events that shaped the nation. A．suggestion B．account C．intention D．introduction 12．（2026·天津北辰·二模）Children have a natural  ________  about the world around them and they tend to keep asking questions about it. A．phenomenon B．atmosphere C．inspiration D．curiosity 13．（2025·天津宝坻·二模）The sudden ________ of the CEO left the board of directors scrambling to find a replacement. A．resignation B．reputation C．resolution D．restriction 14．（2025·天津河北·二模）The failure was a heavy to him, but he remained calm and soon regained his enthusiasm. A．excuse B．issue C．factor D．blow 15．（2026·天津南开·三模）She went to sleep, feeling secure in the ______ that she was not alone in the house. A．longing B．knowledge C．hope D．mood 16．（2026·天津红桥·三模）In my opinion, competition can serve as a driving force, providing individuals with the they need to improve their work efficiency. A．motivation B．impression C．creativity D．responsibility 17．（2026·天津宝坻·三模）My teacher of English is really very kind. I’ll never forget the ________ he has done me. A．deed B．help C．favour D．value 18．（2026·天津滨海新区·三模）The effective control of juvenile crime depends on a proper ________ to integrating professional education and corrective measures. A．approach B．means C．method D．way 19．（2025·天津河西·三模）According to Musk, the ultimate ________ of the Starship project is to establish bases on the Moon and Mars and put humans on the "path to being a multi-planet civilization". A．ambition B．objection C．objective D．devotion 20．（2025·天津滨海新区·三模）Popularizing skiing among students is one of the key ______ Harbin has taken to enhance public sports participation. A．risks B．alternatives C．effects D．measures 真题·实战演练 1．（2025·天津·高考真题）The children are encouraged to follow their natural , and learn about what interests them. A．curiosity B．balance C．defence D．limitation 2．（2023·天津·高考真题）The British romantic poet William Wordsworth grew up in the Lake District,which was a great ________ of inspiration for his poems. A．discovery B．form C．source D．symbol 3．（2023·天津·高考真题）The bottle is quite difficult to open; the _________ is to pour hot water on it first. A．focus B．target C．function D．trick 4．（2022·天津·高考真题）When people are depressed, some experience a loss of________ while others can’t stop eating. A．appetite B．power C．memory D．sight 5．（2021·天津·高考真题）In the lab, keeping things clean and organized can help provide a safer ________. A．system B．method C．investment D．environment 6．（2021·天津·高考真题）Great improvements in public health have been brought about by ________ in medical science. A．traditions B．advances C．pressures D．examples 7．（2020·天津·高考真题）His vivid descriptions of country life quickly became popular, which established his _____________as one of America's greatest writers. A．trust B．contact C．reputation D．theory 20 / 20网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 第01讲 名词 目 录 模拟·基础演练 1 重难·创新演练 5 真题·实战演练 5 模拟·基础演练 考查重点：名词的词义辨析 1．（2026·天津北辰·二模）Children have a natural  ________  about the world around them and they tend to keep asking questions about it. A．phenomenon B．atmosphere C．inspiration D．curiosity 【答案】D 【详解】句意：孩子们对周围的世界有一种天然的好奇心，他们总是不停地问关于这个世界的问题。A. phenomenon现象；B. atmosphere气氛，大气层；C. inspiration灵感，鼓舞；D. curiosity好奇心。根据后半句“they tend to keep asking questions about it”可知，这是孩子们对世界充满“好奇心”的表现。have a curiosity about...是固定搭配，意为“对……有好奇心”。 2．（2026·天津南开·一模）We hope that AI integration into the classroom becomes a regular happening rather than a rare ________. A．atmosphere B．release C．treat D．exception 【答案】C 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们希望人工智能融入课堂能够成为常态，而非难得一见的稀罕事。A. atmosphere氛围；B. release释放，获释；C. treat（不同一般的）乐事，享受；D. exception例外，除外。由a regular happening rather than a rare可知，此处表示“非难得一见的稀罕事”，空格处意为“（不同一般的）乐事”。故选C。 3．（2026·天津南开·一模）The saying criticizes any ________ that fails to identify the root cause and ________ ineffective in solving underlying issues. A．recreation; proved B．consequence; is proved C．approach; proves D．commitment; has proven 【答案】C 【详解】考查名词词义辨析和动词时态。句意：这句话批评的是任何未能找出根本原因且在解决根本问题方面效果不佳的方法。recreation娱乐，consequence后果，approach方法，commitment承诺，投入，忠诚。根据that fails to identify the root cause可知，这里表示“方法”用approach；that引导限制性定语从句，第二空与fails并列作谓语，prove为系动词，无被动语态，且描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语approach为单数，动词用第三人称单数形式proves。故选C。 4．（2026·天津滨海新区·一模）The coach repeatedly stressed the significance of ______ in the team, pointing out that individual talent alone is not enough to win a basketball game. A．attraction B．cooperation C．decoration D．function 【答案】B 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：教练反复强调团队合作的重要性，指出单靠个人天赋是不足以赢得一场篮球比赛的。A. attraction吸引力；B. cooperation合作；C. decoration装饰；D. function功能。根据句意可知，此处需要选择一个与“团队篮球”和“个人天赋”形成对比的词汇，教练反复强调仅靠个人天赋是不够的， 暗示需要相反的概念，即团队合作。故选B。 5．（25-26高三下·天津静海·开学考试）I still remember the ______ where the headmaster awarded me the prize. A．view B．scene C．scenery D．sight 【答案】B 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我依然记得校长给我颁奖的场景。A. view观点，视野；B. scene场景；C. scenery风景；D. sight视力，景象。根据下文的“the headmaster awarded me the prize”可知，这里描述的是一个具体的场景，即校长颁奖的那一刻，应该使用scene来表示这个场景。故选B。 6．（25-26高三下·天津宁河·开学考试）As far as I know, the new museum in our city doesn’t charge for , so anyone can visit it for free. A．permission B．admission C．recognition D．consideration 【答案】B 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：据我所知，我们城市的新博物馆不收取入场费，所以任何人都可以免费参观。A. permission许可；B. admission入场费，进入许可；C. recognition识别，认可；D. consideration考虑。根据空后“so anyone can visit it for free”可知，新博物馆不收取入场费。故选B。 7．（25-26高三上·天津河东·期末）With the development of artificial intelligence, a growing public _____ has emerged about its potential impact on the job market. A．curiosity B．debate C．fortune D．harmony 【答案】B 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着人工智能的发展，公众对其在就业市场上的潜在影响的争论日益增多。A. curiosity好奇；B. debate争论，辩论；C. fortune财富，运气；D. harmony和谐。根据“artificial intelligence”（人工智能）和“its potential impact on the job market”（它对就业市场的潜在影响）的语境可知，此处表达公众之间对此产生了越来越多的“争论”，debate符合句意，故选B项。 8．（25-26高三上·天津河北·期末）The story of The Hunchback of Notre-Dame reminds us that a person’s worth lies in their inner beauty and ________, rather than their social status or physical appearance. A．compromise B．integrity C．prejudice D．occupation 【答案】B 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。 句意：《巴黎圣母院》的故事提醒我们，一个人的价值在于其内在的美好与正直品格，而非社会地位或外在容貌。 A. compromise妥协；折中；让步； B. integrity正直，诚实，完整； C. prejudice偏见，成见； D. occupation职业，工作，占据。 根据上文“their inner beauty”可知，个人的价值在于其内在的美好与正直品格。故选B项。 9．（25-26高三上·天津和平·期末）It is clear that whole world is passing through a social rejuvenation in which a central must be taken by scientists and technologists. A．process B．attention C．measure D．part 【答案】D 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：很明显，整个世界正在经历一场社会复兴，在这场复兴中，科学家和技术人员必须发挥核心作用。A. process过程；B. attention注意力；C. measure措施；D. part角色，作用。结合语境“a central must be taken by scientists and technologists”可知，表示科学家和技术人员要在社会复兴中发挥核心作用，固定搭配take a part (in sth)，意为 “参与某事；在某事中扮演角色”。故选D项。 10．（25-26高三上·天津滨海新区·期中）He gave himself a new name to hide his ________ when he went to carry out the secret task. A．emotion B．talent C．treasure D．identity 【答案】D 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他去执行秘密任务时，他给自己取了一个新名字来隐藏自己的身份。A. emotion情绪；B. talent天赋；C. treasure财富；D. identity身份。根据“when he went to carry out the secret task”可知，执行秘密任务时取新名字是为了隐藏“身份”，应用名词identity，作hide的宾语。故选D。 11．（25-26高三上·天津静海·期中）J. K. Rowling provides a fascinating _________ of her journey from her humble beginnings in a small country cafe to becoming a globally known author, inspiring millions. A．target B．account C．experiment D．intention 【答案】B 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：J.K.罗琳生动地讲述了她从在乡村小咖啡馆的卑微起步到成为全球知名作家的历程，激励了数百万人。A. target 目标；B. account 描述；叙述；C. experiment 实验；D. intention 意图；打算。根据题干中的“her journey from...to becoming a globally known author”（她从……到成为全球知名作家的历程）可知，此处是指对这段历程的“叙述”，B项account符合语境，provide an account of为固定搭配，意为“描述……”。故选B。 12．（25-26高三上·天津和平·期中）These activities will contribute to promoting the full and equal ________ of all women in various fields in society. A．donation B．participation C．distribution D．qualification 【答案】B 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些活动将有助于促进所有女性在社会各个领域的充分平等参与。A. donation捐赠；捐款；B. participation参与；参加；C. distribution分配；分布；D. qualification资格；资历。根据“promoting the full and equal”以及“in various fields in society”可知，这些活动将有助于促进所有女性在社会各个领域的充分平等参与，故选B。 13．（25-26高三上·天津南开·期中）With the continuous ________ of its overseas markets, the local enterprise has gradually become a well-known brand in the international field. A．extension B．explosion C．expansion D．exposure 【答案】C 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着海外市场的不断拓展，本土企业逐渐成为国际知名品牌。A. extension延伸；B. explosion爆炸；C. expansion扩张；D. exposure暴露。根据后文“the local enterprise has gradually become a well-known brand in the international field”可知，本土企业逐渐成为国际知名品牌，应是因为海外市场的不断扩张。故选C项。 14．（25-26高三上·天津·期中）When people are depressed,some experience a loss of________ while others can’t stop eating. A．advance B．power C．sight D．appetite 【答案】D 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当人们情绪低落时，有些人会失去食欲，而另一些人则会忍不住暴饮暴食。A. advance前进；进展；B. power力量；权力；C. sight视力；景象；D. appetite食欲；胃口。根据“while others can’t stop eating (而另一些人则会忍不住暴饮暴食)”的对比关系可知，此处指“失去食欲”，appetite符合语境。故选D项。 重难·创新演练 1．（2026·天津滨海新区·一模）The coach repeatedly stressed the significance of ______ in the team, pointing out that individual talent alone is not enough to win a basketball game. A．attraction B．cooperation C．decoration D．function 【答案】B 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：教练反复强调团队合作的重要性，指出单靠个人天赋是不足以赢得一场篮球比赛的。A. attraction吸引力；B. cooperation合作；C. decoration装饰；D. function功能。根据句意可知，此处需要选择一个与“团队篮球”和“个人天赋”形成对比的词汇，教练反复强调仅靠个人天赋是不够的， 暗示需要相反的概念，即团队合作。故选B。 2．（2026·天津东丽·一模）Living in the coastal town, the locals have developed a remarkable ________ of predicting when the tides will rise or fall. A．passion B．sense C．memory D．preference 【答案】B 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：居住在这个沿海小镇，当地人已经形成了一种非凡的感知能力，能够预测潮汐何时涨落。A. passion激情；B. sense感知，感觉；C. memory记忆；D. preference偏爱。结合“of predicting when the tides will rise or fall”可知，能够预测潮汐涨落是一种对自然现象的感知，空格处应表达“感知能力”，用sense。故选B。 3．（2026·天津南开·一模）The saying criticizes any ________ that fails to identify the root cause and ________ ineffective in solving underlying issues. A．recreation; proved B．consequence; is proved C．approach; proves D．commitment; has proven 【答案】C 【详解】考查名词词义辨析和动词时态。句意：这句话批评的是任何未能找出根本原因且在解决根本问题方面效果不佳的方法。recreation娱乐，consequence后果，approach方法，commitment承诺，投入，忠诚。根据that fails to identify the root cause可知，这里表示“方法”用approach；that引导限制性定语从句，第二空与fails并列作谓语，prove为系动词，无被动语态，且描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语approach为单数，动词用第三人称单数形式proves。故选C。 4．（2026·天津南开·一模）We hope that AI integration into the classroom becomes a regular happening rather than a rare ________. A．atmosphere B．release C．treat D．exception 【答案】C 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们希望人工智能融入课堂能够成为常态，而非难得一见的稀罕事。A. atmosphere氛围；B. release释放，获释；C. treat（不同一般的）乐事，享受；D. exception例外，除外。由a regular happening rather than a rare可知，此处表示“非难得一见的稀罕事”，空格处意为“（不同一般的）乐事”。故选C。 5．（2026·天津红桥·一模）He is a mountain climber, an inspirational speaker and a(n) ______ for the disabled. A．nominee B．advocate C．transformer D．assistant 【答案】B 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他是一名登山者、鼓舞人心的演讲者以及残疾人的拥护者。A. nominee被提名者；B. advocate拥护者，倡导者；C. transformer变压器，变革者；D. assistant助手。结合“for the disabled”可知，空格处应表达“拥护者，倡导者”，他作为登山者和鼓舞人心的演讲者，同时也会为残疾人发声、维护他们的权益等，所以是残疾人的拥护者，用advocate。故选B。 6．（2026·天津河北·一模）The ancient murals in the Mogao Grottoes stand as a(n) ______ to how the Silk Road brought East and West together thousands of years ago. A．witness B．reaction C．awareness D．solution 【答案】A 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：莫高窟的古代壁画见证了数千年前丝绸之路是如何将东西方连接在一起的。A. witness见证；B. reaction反应；C. awareness意识；D. solution解决方案。结合“how the Silk Road brought East and West together thousands of years ago”可知，空格处应表达“见证”，表示壁画见证了历史，用名词witness。故选A。 7．（2025·天津南开·一模）The security team conducted a thorough ______ of the entire facility to ensure no unauthorized (未授权的) personnel had entered. A．inspection B．study C．survey D．exploration 【答案】A 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：安保团队对整个设施进行了彻底的检查，以确保没有未经授权的人员进入。A. inspection检查；视察；B. study学习；研究；C. survey调查；勘测；D. exploration探索；探险。根据“to ensure no unauthorized (未授权的) personnel had entered”可知，安保团队是为了确保没有未经授权的人员进入，所以对整个设施进行的是检查。故选A。 8．（2025·天津河东·一模）Thanks to the effort made by the government, many farmers in China now have ______ to basic health care. A．entrance B．access C．introduction D．devotion 【答案】B 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。 句意：由于政府的努力，中国许多农民现在能够获得基本的医疗服务。 A. entrance入口； B. access进入，获得； C. introduction介绍； D. devotion奉献。 have access to意为“能够获得”，符合句意。故选B项。 9．（2025·天津河北·一模）The famous scientist Charles Darwin spent years studying animals in the Galapagos Islands, which became a great_________ for his theory of evolution. A．inspiration B．production C．symbol D．medium 【答案】A 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：著名科学家查尔斯达尔文花了数年时间在加拉帕戈斯群岛研究动物，这成为他的进化论的一个巨大灵感。A. inspiration灵感；B. production产品；C. symbol符号；D.medium媒介。达尔文进化论的灵感来自动物研究。故选A。 10．（2026·天津河北·二模）By analysing recent emissions data, scientists have identified a significant drop in nationwide gasoline ________ . A．consumption B．satisfaction C．immigration D．qualification 【答案】A 【详解】句意：通过分析近期的排放数据，科学家发现全国汽油消耗量出现了显著下降。A. consumption消耗；消费量；B. satisfaction满意；满足；C. immigration移民；移居；D. qualification资格；资质。根据句中emissions data和gasoline的语境可知，此处表示汽油消耗量，consumption符合题意。 11．（2026·天津南开·二模）The book provides a detailed ________ of the historical events that shaped the nation. A．suggestion B．account C．intention D．introduction 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这本书对塑造这个国家的历史事件进行了详细的描述。A. suggestion建议；B. account描述，叙述；C. intention意图；D. introduction介绍。此处指的是书对历史事件进行了详细的“描述”，用名词account。 12．（2026·天津北辰·二模）Children have a natural  ________  about the world around them and they tend to keep asking questions about it. A．phenomenon B．atmosphere C．inspiration D．curiosity 【答案】D 【详解】句意：孩子们对周围的世界有一种天然的好奇心，他们总是不停地问关于这个世界的问题。A. phenomenon现象；B. atmosphere气氛，大气层；C. inspiration灵感，鼓舞；D. curiosity好奇心。根据后半句“they tend to keep asking questions about it”可知，这是孩子们对世界充满“好奇心”的表现。have a curiosity about...是固定搭配，意为“对……有好奇心”。 13．（2025·天津宝坻·二模）The sudden ________ of the CEO left the board of directors scrambling to find a replacement. A．resignation B．reputation C．resolution D．restriction 【答案】A 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：CEO的突然辞职让董事会手忙脚乱地寻找替代人选。A. resignation辞职；B. reputation声誉；C. resolution决心；D. restriction限制。根据句意和left the board of directors scrambling to find a replacement可知，这里指CEO的辞职让让董事会手忙脚乱。故选A项。 14．（2025·天津河北·二模）The failure was a heavy to him, but he remained calm and soon regained his enthusiasm. A．excuse B．issue C．factor D．blow 【答案】D 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这次失败对他来说是一个沉重的打击，但他保持冷静，很快又恢复了热情。A. excuse借口；B. issue问题；C. factor因素；D. blow打击。根据句意可知，失败对他来说应该是一个沉重的打击，“blow”意为“打击”，名词词性，符合语境。故选D项。 15．（2026·天津南开·三模）She went to sleep, feeling secure in the ______ that she was not alone in the house. A．longing B．knowledge C．hope D．mood 【答案】B 【详解】句意：她安心入睡，清楚屋子里并非只有自己一人。A. longing渴望；B. knowledge知晓；C. hope希望；D. mood情绪。根据句意和“feeling secure”可知，此处指她清楚有其他人在，所以感觉安全， in the knowledge that，表“明知；清楚意识到”， 符合语境。 16．（2026·天津红桥·三模）In my opinion, competition can serve as a driving force, providing individuals with the they need to improve their work efficiency. A．motivation B．impression C．creativity D．responsibility 【答案】A 【详解】句意：在我看来，竞争可以作为一种驱动力，为个人提供提高工作效率所需的动力。A. motivation动力；B. impression印象；C. creativity创造力；D. responsibility责任。由to improve their work efficiency可知，此处表示“提高工作效率所需的动力”，空格处意为“动力”，是motivation。 17．（2026·天津宝坻·三模）My teacher of English is really very kind. I’ll never forget the ________ he has done me. A．deed B．help C．favour D．value 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我的英语老师真的非常善良。我永远不会忘记他帮我的忙。A. deed行为；B. help帮助； C. favour恩惠；D. value价值。该句中，“he has done me”为省略关系代词的定语从句，先行词favour在从句中作done的直接宾语。根据My teacher of English is really very kind可知，此处为固定搭配do sb. a favour，意为“帮某人一个忙”。 18．（2026·天津滨海新区·三模）The effective control of juvenile crime depends on a proper ________ to integrating professional education and corrective measures. A．approach B．means C．method D．way 【答案】A 【详解】句意：有效管控青少年犯罪取决于将专业教育与矫治措施相结合的恰当途径。A.approach途径、方法，常与介词to搭配；B.means方式，多搭配of；C.method办法，侧重具体做法，常搭配of；D.way方式，搭配宽泛。way to do中的to一般是不定式，而本句to后是动名词，approach可与空后to构成固定搭配an approach to doing sth.，意为“做某事的方法”，所以应用approach。 19．（2025·天津河西·三模）According to Musk, the ultimate ________ of the Starship project is to establish bases on the Moon and Mars and put humans on the "path to being a multi-planet civilization". A．ambition B．objection C．objective D．devotion 【答案】C 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：马斯克表示，星际飞船计划的最终目标是在月球和火星上建立基地，将人类送上“多星球文明之路”。A. ambition抱负；B. objection反对；C. objective目标；D. devotion奉献。根据下文的“to establish bases on the Moon and Mars and put humans on the ‘path to being a multi-planet civilization’”可知，此处说的是“星际飞船计划的最终目标”，应该用名词objective表示。故选C项。 20．（2025·天津滨海新区·三模）Popularizing skiing among students is one of the key ______ Harbin has taken to enhance public sports participation. A．risks B．alternatives C．effects D．measures 【答案】D 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在学生中普及滑雪运动是哈尔滨为增强公众体育参与度所采取的关键措施之一。A. risks风险；B. alternatives可供选择的事物；C. effects影响；D. measures措施。根据“to enhance public sports participation.”可知，此处表示增强公众体育参与度所采取的关键措施。故选D。 真题·实战演练 1．（2025·天津·高考真题）The children are encouraged to follow their natural , and learn about what interests them. A．curiosity B．balance C．defence D．limitation 【答案】A 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：孩子们被鼓励去追随自己天生的好奇心，去探索他们感兴趣的事物。A. curiosity好奇心；B. balance平衡；C. defence防御；D. limitation限制。根据后文“and learn about what interests them”指鼓励孩子追随自己的好奇心。故选A。 2．（2023·天津·高考真题）The British romantic poet William Wordsworth grew up in the Lake District,which was a great ________ of inspiration for his poems. A．discovery B．form C．source D．symbol 【答案】C 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：英国浪漫主义诗人威廉·华兹华斯在湖区长大，湖区是他诗歌创作的重要源泉。A. discovery发现；B. form形式；C. source来源，源泉；D. symbol象征。由下文“of inspiration for his poems.”可知，湖区是他诗歌创作的重要源泉。故选C。 3．（2023·天津·高考真题）The bottle is quite difficult to open; the _________ is to pour hot water on it first. A．focus B．target C．function D．trick 【答案】D 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个瓶子很难打开；诀窍是先把热水倒在上面。A. focus焦点；B. target目标；C. function功能；D. trick诀窍。由“pour hot water on it first”可知，空格处应表达“诀窍”，故用trick，作主语。故选D。 4．（2022·天津·高考真题）When people are depressed, some experience a loss of________ while others can’t stop eating. A．appetite B．power C．memory D．sight 【答案】A 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当人们郁闷时，有些人会失去食欲，而有些人却忍不住暴饮暴食。A. appetite食欲；B. power权利；C. memory记忆；D. sight视力。结合后文while others can’t stop eating表示对比，可知，前文表意与暴饮暴食相反，即毫无食欲。A项符合句意。故选A项。 5．（2021·天津·高考真题）In the lab, keeping things clean and organized can help provide a safer ________. A．system B．method C．investment D．environment 【答案】D 【详解】考查名词。句意：在实验室里，保持物品的清洁和有序有助于提供一个更安全的环境。A. system体系，系统；B. method方法；C. investment投资；D. environment环境。根据常识可知，保持物品清洁有序可以创造更安全的实验环境（environment）。故选D项。 6．（2021·天津·高考真题）Great improvements in public health have been brought about by ________ in medical science. A．traditions B．advances C．pressures D．examples 【答案】B 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：医学的进步带来了公共健康的巨大改善。A. traditions传统；B. advances前进，进步；C. pressures压力；D. examples例子。根据上文“Great improvements in public health have been brought about”可知，公共健康的巨大改善是由医学的进步带来的，advances符合语境。故选B。 7．（2020·天津·高考真题）His vivid descriptions of country life quickly became popular, which established his _____________as one of America's greatest writers. A．trust B．contact C．reputation D．theory 【答案】C 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他对乡村生活的生动描述迅速流行起来，这树立了他作为美国伟大作家之一的声誉。A. trust信任；B. contact联系；C. reputation声誉；D. theory理论。根据句意，尤其是greatest writers可知此处用reputation“声誉”符合语境，故选C项。 20 / 20网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $