专题05 阅读理解（说明文）（1年汇编）（江苏专用）2026年中考英语真题分类汇编

**基本信息** 聚焦说明文阅读理解，涵盖科普技术、动植物、文化等主题，精选江苏多地中考真题，注重情境真实性与思维梯度。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解选择题|3-4题/篇|科技类（人形机器人、物联网、光合作用）、自然类（马、宇宙、植物）、文化类（汉学家翻译、戏剧节）|情境具时代性（如2026春晚机器人表演）；问题分层次（细节理解如代词指代、推理判断如标题选择）；融合跨文化元素（中俄文学翻译）|

专题05 阅读理解（说明文） 主题语境01 人与社会-科普知识与现代技术 Passage 1 （2026·江苏宿迁·中考真题） At the CCTV 2026 Spring Festival Gala, a fun performance called WuBOT became very popular, where over 20 G1 and H2 humanoid robots, together with some martial arts students, performed traditional Chinese kung fu. The performance connects traditional kung fu with the modern AI-powered humanoid robots. Humanoid robots, which have a lot of important parts like sensors (传感器) and AI systems, are machines that look and act like human beings. Then why are they made like human beings? This is because most things around us, like doors and stairs, are made for our size and shape. If they look like us, they can use these things like we do. As a result, we don’t need to make big changes to these things. This can save a lot of money and time. Humanoid robots serve as new tools that work with and for humans in different fields. In the factories, humanoid robots carry car parts, pack goods and move boxes. They actually do the boring repeated human work. At home, they help clean floors, tidy rooms, make coffee and iron the clothes. In hospitals, they send medicine and help nurses lift patients. Schools buy humanoid robots for STEM classes. Shopping malls and restaurants use them to give performances to welcome guests. Most importantly, humanoid robots can work as policemen going on patrols (巡逻) in our neighborhood, and this provides us with a safe environment. Nowadays, with the fast development of science and technology, humanoid robots have been developing quickly from lab inventions to real-life helpers. More companies have started to produce them in large numbers. Because of mass production, the cost of humanoid robots has dropped a lot, so even small workshops can afford them. By 2050, there will be about 930 million humanoid robots doing simple jobs. Around 80 million humanoid robots will work in homes. China will probably have the world’s most humanoid robots. Some experts believe that they will become as common as household appliances (家用电器) in the future. 1.Why does the writer mention the fun performance WuBOT in Paragraph 1? A. To advertise a TV programme. B. To lead in the topic of the text. C. To introduce the Spring Festival Gala. D. To spread traditional Chinese kung fu. 2.What does the word “they” refer to in Paragraph 2? A. Sensors. B. Machines. C. AI systems. D. Humanoid robots. 3.What can we learn about humanoid robots in Paragraph 3? A. They can only do the repeated work. B. They have taken the place of humans. C. They are widely used in different fields. D. They have developed slowly at present. 4.What can be a suitable title for the text? A. The types of humanoid robots B. The shapes of humanoid robots C. The appearance of humanoid robots D. The introduction to humanoid robots Passage 2 （2026·江苏连云港·中考真题）People may want to get things done without moving a finger. The Internet of Things (IoT) is making that dream come true. The technology uses sensors (传感器) to connect devices (设备) to each other and to the Internet. It has encouraged countless products to do everyday tasks. Here are some examples: I’m a smart fridge. I can do more than keep food cold. If you forget what you need to buy for lunch, you can check your phone to find what I have. If you have too many sugary drinks, I can warn you and suggest a piece of fruit instead. I’m a smart wristband. I can help people with heart diseases. I can record blood pressure and heart rate. Then I send the information directly to a team of doctors so that they can deal with the problem as soon as possible. I’m a smart helmet. I help achieve greater safety for motorbike riders. My cameras can show things around them. I can also warn them when they are riding too close to passing cars. I’m a drone. I often fly above farmland. Farmers tell me which field to survey and how high to fly. My cameras and sensors help them learn about soil and plants. I can even spray pesticides (喷药) properly. 1.What can smart fridges do? A. Offer health advice. B. Store more sugary drinks. C. Keep food much colder. D. Remind users to have lunch. 2.Which product can help people with heart problems? A. A smart fridge. B. A drone. C. A smart helmet. D. A smart wristband. 3.In which part of a magazine can you probably read the text? A. Health. B. Technology. C. Environment. D. Traffic. 主题语境02 人与自然-动物与植物 （2026·江苏宿迁·中考真题） The year 2026 marks the Year of the Horse in the Chinese lunar calendar. Horses are liked by people all over the world. But how much do you know about them? The eyes of horses are located on the sides of their heads, so they can see almost 360 degrees around themselves. They can move their ears to hear sounds. They can even hear other horses from up to 2 kilometers away. A horse’s lungs can hold about 60 liters of air while a human’s can only hold around 6 liters. This helps horses breathe in lots of oxygen when they run and play. However, they only sleep about 3 hours a day and sometimes sleep standing up. Isn’t it amazing? Though horses may be of less practical importance in modern society, their spirits still run deeply through Chinese culture. We can experience them in many Chinese idioms (习语). A talented person is often called Qianlima, an energetic horse that covers a thousand li a day. If someone takes the lead in an activity, we will say Yimadangxian. Besides, there are also some horse-related English idioms. A dark horse is a little-known person or team that surprises everyone by winning. A workhorse is a person who does a lot of work without complaints. ▲ They can remember their human friends after long periods of separation (分离). Horses are loyal. They stick to their owners through wind and rain and never leave easily. Horses are determined (坚定的). They keep finishing long-distance races no matter how tired they are. People born in the Year of the Horse are said to share such good qualities. So, do you have a friend or a family member who enjoys 2026 as his or her animal year? 1.How does the writer make the facts about horses more interesting in Paragraph 2? A. By listing numbers. B. By comparing ideas. C. By asking questions. D. By using time order. 2.What do you call a little-known person who surprises everyone by winning in Paragraph 3? A. Qianlima. B. Yimadangxian. C. A dark horse. D. A workhorse. 3.Which sentence can be put in the “ ▲ ” in Paragraph 4? A. Horses are brave. B. Horses are clever. C. Horses are energetic. D. Horses are powerful. 4.What is the text mainly about? A. Horses are easily tired. B. Horses are determined. C. Some horse-related Chinese idioms. D. Some features and spirits of horses. 主题语境01 人与社会-科普知识与现代技术 （2026·江苏连云港·中考真题）Some of the most beautiful rivers in the UK are from underground springs, which create perfect conditions for wildlife to live. To understand how healthy the rivers really are, scientists keep watching them for numbers of species (物种) over time. This can show how well a habitat can manage stress such as rising temperatures, reduced rainfall and pollution. Traditionally, researchers survey rivers by going out themselves and searching for plants, animals or signs of their presence (存在). This method works, but it takes much time and can miss some species not present during the survey. A new project called GeneFlow tries a new technology — environmental DNA (eDNA). When a species — for example, a fish — moves through the environment, it drops bits of itself all the time, from dead skin cells to faeces (粪便). The DNA in these materials is known as environmental DNA (eDNA). If someone tests a sample (样本) of the water, these pieces of DNA can show the recent presence of the fish, though no fish is seen. This technology allows scientists to find species that we cannot see with our eyes, so that we can learn more about the rivers. GeneFlow aims to explore the species in 10 rivers across the UK. Beyond information collection, it also aims to connect people with their local rivers. With instructions, members of the public have helped to collect water samples from chosen rivers. Scientists are still studying the water samples, but the early results are promising: nearly 2000 species have been discovered so far, including protected species such as eels and water voles at many places. Several riverfly species — key signs of water quality — were also recorded. 1.What’s the purpose of the first paragraph? A. To list possible dangers to the habitats. B. To describe the rivers’ health conditions. C. To explain the importance of river surveys. D. To introduce some beautiful rivers in the UK. 2.What’s the problem with the traditional method to survey rivers? A. It pollutes the rivers. B. It doesn’t work at all. C. It wastes time finding rivers. D. It can miss hidden species. 3.What is eDNA? A. The DNA of a certain fish in the UK. B. The technology of collecting water samples. C. The technology of preventing water pollution. D. The DNA of species found in the environment. 4.What can we learn about the GeneFlow Project from the last two paragraphs? A. It has found positive results so far. B. It has protected species at many places. C. Its researchers have completed their study. D. Its researchers collected samples in person. 主题语境02 人与社会-著名人物 （2026·江苏扬州·中考真题）16 winners from 12 countries were awarded at the 18th Special Book Awards of China held in Beijing in June 2025. Aleksei Rodionov, professor of Chinese studies at Saint Petersburg University, is a winner of the award in translating. This award is the highest national award. It is presented each year to foreign authors, translators, and publishers for their great contributions in promoting Chinese publications and cultural exchanges between China and other countries. “As a sinologist (汉学家) and translator of Chinese literature, this award will encourage me to do more and do better in promoting cultural exchanges between Russia and China,” said the professor. Rodionov said that he feels a special connection with China when he thought about his journey in Chinese literature. “I was born on the Russian-Chinese border. From the moment I was born, I had a connection with China. As someone with a great interest in foreign languages, I naturally chose to learn Chinese. That’s how I started the journey of studying the Chinese language and literature,” he noted. To the professor, translation is, in fact, a very enjoyable task. “Translating Chinese literary (文学的) works is my lifelong calling. It brings me joy and gives my life a deeper sense of purpose,” he said. For decades, Rodionov has long devoted himself to translating and researching Chinese literature, having translated 26 works by Chinese authors such as Lao She. “Literary works are an important gateway to understanding Chinese culture and the Chinese people. They are important bridges that connect our hearts and minds. In Russia, authors like Mo Yan and Yu Hua are very popular,” said the professor. 1.What was Aleksei Rodionov awarded for? A. Translating Chinese literature. B. Studying the Chinese language. C. Teaching Russian in China. D. Publishing a book in Chinese. 2.What do we know about the award? A. It is held in Beijing every three years. B. It is the highest national award in Russia. C. It encourages Chinese writers, translators and publishers. D. It praises foreigners’ efforts in spreading Chinese culture. 3.What does paragraph 5 mainly talk about? A. Rodionov’s research into Chinese literature. B. Rodionov’s understanding of translation. C. Rodionov’s experiences of learning Chinese. D. Rodionov’s findings of Russian readers. 4.What is the best title for the text? A. Connected by Literature B. Comparing Cultural Differences C. Rodionov’s Learning Journey in China D. Rodionov’s Exchange Program with China 主题语境03 人与自我-个人兴趣 （2026·江苏宿迁·中考真题）Hello, boys and girls! Do you want to bring a little fresh green onto your desk and grow your own plants? Have you ever imagined turning a glass container (容器) into a lovely mini-garden? Let me introduce an interesting DIY activity—creating your own mini-garden. Things needed ❖ A glass container ❖ Colorful stones ❖ Potting soil ❖ Small plants ❖ Toys, buttons, … Steps to make ✫1. Prepare a clean glass container. ✫2. Lay the colorful stones in the bottom. ✫3. Put some potting soil on top of the stones. ✫4. Choose small plants and put them in the soil. ✫5. Add fun decorations like small toys and buttons. Tips ♡1. Water the plants every several days to make your mini-garden look more lively. ♡2. You may paint your glass container in different colors to make your mini-garden special. Through this wonderful DIY activity, you can learn basic knowledge about plant growth and improve your hands—on skills. Why not have a try? 1.What should you do in Step 3 according to the text? A. Prepare a clean glass container. B. Lay the colorful stones in the bottom. C. Put some potting soil on top of the stones. D. Choose small plants and put them in the soil. 2.What can you learn by doing this DIY activity? A. Knowledge and skills. B. Different kinds of containers. C. Colorful paints and plants. D. Fun decorations like big toys. 3.Where is the text most probably from? A. A storybook. B. A DIY guide. C. A science fiction. D. A travel guide. 主题语境04 人与自然-宇宙 （2026·江苏扬州·中考真题）What if things in your home—your toothbrush, books, desks, even you!—suddenly seemed weightless and began to float? This is what astronauts experience in a space station—microgravity (微重力). Even though the space station and the astronauts inside are in space, Earth’s gravity is still pulling on them, though very weak. Let’s explore the astronauts’ life in space. Though there are some challenges, life in space is a super-fun. Eating and sleeping Need to get from one place to another? Just push off a surface and glide there! Nothing stays put. Imagine turning on a tap. Water would go flying everywhere. Astronauts aren’t allowed to eat anything in the space station that creates crumbs (碎屑). Food crumbs can become a disaster if they get into equipment (设备). That’s why astronauts eat specially prepared meals. There’s no “up” or “down” in space, so astronauts sleep in sleeping bags tied to the wall. Their arms will float in front of them while they sleep. Astronauts have to keep their bodies strong. There’s less stress on bones in space, for gravity is weaker. Muscles (肌肉) aren’t used as much. Their bones and muscles grow weaker. Even astronauts’ hearts can weaken. Every astronaut has to exercise for about two hours a day. Most of the exercise equipment is specially designed to imitate the feel of gravity. Work and play Astronauts spend much of their time working. They do a lot of experiments—from space life science to new spacecraft technologies. Sometimes they do spacewalks to make repairs to the outside of the station. When they have free time, astronauts kick back by reading books and looking down at Earth. 1.According to the text, what may cause danger to the space station? A. Water in special bags. B. Very tiny food pieces. C. Specially prepared meals. D. Sleeping bags tied to the wall. 2.Which of the following should go in the empty box? A. Exercising for a strong heart. B. Moving freely. C. Dealing with space loneliness. D. Staying strong. 3.What does the text mainly talk about? A. Strange changes to astronauts’ bodies in space. B. Astronauts’ fun and challenging life in space. C. How astronauts do experiments in space environments. D. Why astronauts inside the space station can’t stay put. 主题语境05 人与自然-自然 （2026·江苏扬州·中考真题）If you want to learn new stories about familiar plants and animals, and discover new species (物种) to plant in your own yard, Nature of Portland, is a must for you. Most of this book is about which plants and animals are natives in Portland (a city in Oregon, USA). Many plants and animals in this book have long made their homes here. In this field guide, filled with local knowledge and humor, LeeAnn Kriegh describes more than 350 plants and animals found within an hour’s ride of Portland, Inside you’ll discover: ● Common and scientific names ● Key details like size, bloom (flowering) time, and months seen ● Local natural history, ecology, stories, and fun facts ● Details on where to find every species ● Beautiful full-color photos of every species Take Western Starflower from the book as an example. Western Starflower (Lysimachia latifolia) Flowers: Late spring to early summer Late spring is a magical time to explore trails in the Portland area, as birds are singing, and colorful blooms are coming out on wildflowers like this one. Western starflower’s pinkish blooms stand out against the backdrop of the plant’s big, broad, deep-green leaves (latifolia translates to “broad-leaved”). A lot of flowers are in the shape of a star, but species like this one win the starflower name because of their thin flower stalks (茎). They make the flowers seem to fly in the air like stars. ID tips: 2-12 inches tall. Look for a whorl of four to seven broadly oval leaves (up to 3.5 inches long) with pointed tips. Up to a few star-shaped pink flowers (up to 0.75 inches wide) bloom on thin flower stalks, each with five to seven pointed petals (花瓣). Locations: Locally common in shady, wet woods, including at Oxbow Regional Park and Powell Butte Nature Park. At the back of the book, you’ll find 10 “treasure hunts” in the Portland area. The species are waiting to be found. Reading about plants and animals is fun, but getting outside to experience and connect with nature is what Nature of Portland is all about. 1.What is Nature of Portland? A. A fun, friendly guide to local plants and animals. B. A photo collection of plants and animals in danger. C. A field guide to the city’s places of interest. D. A book mainly about some famous local landscapes. 2.What does the underlined word “natives” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Animals or plants that live in the sea. B. Animals that kill and eat other animals. C. Animals or plants that live or grow naturally in a place. D. Unusual and exciting plants, especially from other countries. 3.In the table about Western Starflower, what can you get from the Flowers part? A. How tall the flower is. B. How many leaves the flower has. C. Why the flower gets its name. D. Which parks you can visit to see the flower. 4.What is the purpose of the text? A. To show how to write a book review. B. To tell readers what to expect from the book. C. To give advice on what to grow in your yard. D. To encourage readers to find new local plants. 主题语境01 人与社会-科普知识与现代技术 Passage 1 （2026·江苏徐州·中考真题）A new study shows that squirrels are willing to make extra effort to get their favourite food. Many animals eat whatever is near them. Squirrels, however, prefer tastier snacks even when they are harder to get. British researchers put different foods on poles (杆) of different heights. Squirrels could easily climb a wooden pole to get to pumpkin seeds (籽). They could use a taller, more slippery (滑的) plastic pole to reach their favourite snacks. During the study, 11 wild gray squirrels made more than 4,000 choices. Even when faced with a more difficult climb, the animals still tried to choose their favourite food. A squirrel’s place in its group influenced decisions. Lower-level squirrels preferred to choose food that was easier to reach. If squirrels took extra time to get to the tastier snacks, there could be a risk. They may lose the food to a stronger rival (对手). Just like humans, squirrels will adjust (调整) how much work they need to get what they want depending on the situation. 1.In which part of a magazine may we read the passage? A. Sports news. B. Art world. C. Wildlife. D. Lifestyle. 2.Where are the researchers from? A. France. B. The USA. C. Australia. D. The UK. 3.What saying does the new study about squirrels make us believe? A. No pain, no gain. B. Practice makes perfect. C. Every dog has its day. D. Many hands make light work. 4.The underlined sentence in the last paragraph shows that the squirrels are _______. A. generous B. friendly C. hard-working D. smart Passage 2 （2026·江苏无锡·中考真题）Photosynthesis: ▲ ? You might already know the basics of how photosynthesis (光合作用) works. Plants use sunlight to make the food they need to live. But one day we might be able to use photosynthesis to run our cars, heat our homes, and more! Scientists are working on it right now! Plants are like machines that turn light into food using chlorophyll, which helps them use the sun’s energy to split (分离) water into hydrogen (氢) and oxygen. Plants turn hydrogen into food, but if we can find out how to use the sun to split water, we could use hydrogen as fuel (燃料). Scientists can already split water into hydrogen with a machine called an electrolyzer. But today’s electrolyzers run on electricity, which often comes from a power station that uses fossil fuels, such as oil and natural gas. This can cause pollution and produce greenhouse gases that cause climate change. Using the sun to create hydrogen could be a cleaner form of energy. It’s called artificial photosynthesis. Yulia Pushkar is a scientist who’s working on artificial photosynthesis at Purdue University in Indiana. “If we want to create artificial photosynthesis, we have to create a material which will take in the light and split the water,” Dr. Pushkar says. Luckily, Dr. Pushkar and her team have done just that. They have created materials that split water into hydrogen under light. There’s a problem, though that sounds great. The best electrolyzers have iridium (铱) inside. Iridium is very rare. Now she’s working on a different way to make hydrogen from sunlight by using iron. Iron is very abundant on Earth. So, it’s much easier and cheaper to find than iridium. We also need to be able to use it in our cars and homes. Most cars today still use gasoline. If we can make and use hydrogen, we won’t run out of it. And it doesn’t produce harmful greenhouse gases. Dr. Pushkar is hopeful about artificial photosynthesis. “We and other researchers around the world are working hard to develop clean energy,” she says. “Our artificial photosynthesis is the way forward.” 1.Why does Dr Pushkar use iron instead of iridium in the research? A. Because of its richness. B. Because of its quality. C. Because of its weight. D. Because of its power. 2.The following sentence can best be put at the beginning of ________. Of course, just being able to make hydrogen isn’t enough. A. Paragraph 5 B. Paragraph 6 C. Paragraph 7 D. Paragraph 8 3.Why does the writer end the passage with Dr. Pushkar’s words? A. To describe her valuable daily work. B. To prove her contributions to the research. C. To show her confidence in the research. D. To thank her team and other researchers. 4.Which of the following is the most suitable for ▲ ? A. Not Just For Plants B. More Than Just Sunlight C. More Choices For Oil D. Not Good For Fossil Fuels 主题语境02 人与社会-艺术 （2026·江苏苏州·中考真题） The 2026 Aranya Theater Festival presents 34 productions from 14 countries, aiming to draw worldwide attention. The festival opens with City of Fiction, adapted (改编) from Yu Hua’s novel. It tells the story of a young man from northern China who starts a journey south in search of an imaginary city. The festival also presents a lot of other highly expected works. One such show is Na Han, a Chinese-German production adapted from the short story collection by Lu Xun. It explores themes like family relationships. Dans la tempete continue is a French-Chinese production, which focuses on the dynamics (动态) within a family. Besides drama performances, the festival offers other activities such as workshops and street shows, making visitors’ cultural experiences richer. 1.How many days does the festival last? A. 12 days. B. 14 days. C. 28 days. D. 34 days. 2.What do Na Han and Dans la tempete continue have in common? A. They tell the story of the young. B. They try to explore family themes. C. They are French-Chinese productions. D. They are adapted from Lu Xun’s works. 3.What do we know about the festival according to the passage? A. It opens with a foreign production. B. It allows visitors to direct a drama. C. It is to draw Chinese people’s attention. D. It is an international event held in China. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题05 阅读理解（说明文） 主题语境01 人与社会-科普知识与现代技术 Passage 1 （2026·江苏宿迁·中考真题） At the CCTV 2026 Spring Festival Gala, a fun performance called WuBOT became very popular, where over 20 G1 and H2 humanoid robots, together with some martial arts students, performed traditional Chinese kung fu. The performance connects traditional kung fu with the modern AI-powered humanoid robots. Humanoid robots, which have a lot of important parts like sensors (传感器) and AI systems, are machines that look and act like human beings. Then why are they made like human beings? This is because most things around us, like doors and stairs, are made for our size and shape. If they look like us, they can use these things like we do. As a result, we don’t need to make big changes to these things. This can save a lot of money and time. Humanoid robots serve as new tools that work with and for humans in different fields. In the factories, humanoid robots carry car parts, pack goods and move boxes. They actually do the boring repeated human work. At home, they help clean floors, tidy rooms, make coffee and iron the clothes. In hospitals, they send medicine and help nurses lift patients. Schools buy humanoid robots for STEM classes. Shopping malls and restaurants use them to give performances to welcome guests. Most importantly, humanoid robots can work as policemen going on patrols (巡逻) in our neighborhood, and this provides us with a safe environment. Nowadays, with the fast development of science and technology, humanoid robots have been developing quickly from lab inventions to real-life helpers. More companies have started to produce them in large numbers. Because of mass production, the cost of humanoid robots has dropped a lot, so even small workshops can afford them. By 2050, there will be about 930 million humanoid robots doing simple jobs. Around 80 million humanoid robots will work in homes. China will probably have the world’s most humanoid robots. Some experts believe that they will become as common as household appliances (家用电器) in the future. 1.Why does the writer mention the fun performance WuBOT in Paragraph 1? A. To advertise a TV programme. B. To lead in the topic of the text. C. To introduce the Spring Festival Gala. D. To spread traditional Chinese kung fu. 2.What does the word “they” refer to in Paragraph 2? A. Sensors. B. Machines. C. AI systems. D. Humanoid robots. 3.What can we learn about humanoid robots in Paragraph 3? A. They can only do the repeated work. B. They have taken the place of humans. C. They are widely used in different fields. D. They have developed slowly at present. 4.What can be a suitable title for the text? A. The types of humanoid robots B. The shapes of humanoid robots C. The appearance of humanoid robots D. The introduction to humanoid robots 【答案】1. B　2. D　3. C　4. D 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了人形机器人。文章从春晚表演引入话题，解释了机器人设计成人形的原因，列举了它们在工厂、家庭、医院等不同领域的广泛应用，并展望了它们未来像家电一样普及的发展前景。 (1)题解析： 第一段指出：“At the CCTV 2026 Spring Festival Gala, a fun performance called WuBOT became very popular... The performance connects traditional kung fu with the modern AI-powered humanoid robots.”作者通过描述这个引人注目的表演，自然地引出了本文的核心话题——人形机器人。 (2)题解析： 第二段中提到：“If they look like us, they can use these things like we do.”结合上文“This is because most things around us... are made for our size and shape.”可知，这里的“they”指代的是前文一直在讨论的主体，即为了适应人类环境而被制造成人类样子的“人形机器人”。 (3)题解析： 第三段首句提到：“Humanoid robots serve as new tools that work with and for humans in different fields.”随后文章列举了工厂、家庭、医院、学校、商场等多个场景。这说明人形机器人被广泛应用于不同的领域。 (4)题解析： 通读全文可知，文章第一段引出人形机器人，第二段解释其外形设计原因，第三段介绍其广泛应用，第四段展望其未来发展。整篇文章是对人形机器人的全面介绍。 Passage 2 （2026·江苏连云港·中考真题）People may want to get things done without moving a finger. The Internet of Things (IoT) is making that dream come true. The technology uses sensors (传感器) to connect devices (设备) to each other and to the Internet. It has encouraged countless products to do everyday tasks. Here are some examples: I’m a smart fridge. I can do more than keep food cold. If you forget what you need to buy for lunch, you can check your phone to find what I have. If you have too many sugary drinks, I can warn you and suggest a piece of fruit instead. I’m a smart wristband. I can help people with heart diseases. I can record blood pressure and heart rate. Then I send the information directly to a team of doctors so that they can deal with the problem as soon as possible. I’m a smart helmet. I help achieve greater safety for motorbike riders. My cameras can show things around them. I can also warn them when they are riding too close to passing cars. I’m a drone. I often fly above farmland. Farmers tell me which field to survey and how high to fly. My cameras and sensors help them learn about soil and plants. I can even spray pesticides (喷药) properly. 1.What can smart fridges do? A. Offer health advice. B. Store more sugary drinks. C. Keep food much colder. D. Remind users to have lunch. 2.Which product can help people with heart problems? A. A smart fridge. B. A drone. C. A smart helmet. D. A smart wristband. 3.In which part of a magazine can you probably read the text? A. Health. B. Technology. C. Environment. D. Traffic. 【答案】1. A　2. D　3. B 【解析】【导语】 本文介绍物联网技术，列举智能冰箱、智能手环、智能头盔、农用无人机四种智能设备，分别讲解它们的实用功能，展现物联网给日常生活带来的便利。 (1)题解析： 根据智能冰箱段落句子“If you have too many sugary drinks, I can warn you and suggest a piece of fruit instead.”可知，智能冰箱会提醒少喝含糖饮料，建议吃水果，属于健康建议。 (2)题解析： 根据智能手环段落“I’m a smart wristband. I can help people with heart diseases.”明确指出手环能帮助心脏病患者。 (3)题解析： 全文介绍物联网、各类智能科技设备，属于科技板块。 主题语境02 人与自然-动物与植物 （2026·江苏宿迁·中考真题） The year 2026 marks the Year of the Horse in the Chinese lunar calendar. Horses are liked by people all over the world. But how much do you know about them? The eyes of horses are located on the sides of their heads, so they can see almost 360 degrees around themselves. They can move their ears to hear sounds. They can even hear other horses from up to 2 kilometers away. A horse’s lungs can hold about 60 liters of air while a human’s can only hold around 6 liters. This helps horses breathe in lots of oxygen when they run and play. However, they only sleep about 3 hours a day and sometimes sleep standing up. Isn’t it amazing? Though horses may be of less practical importance in modern society, their spirits still run deeply through Chinese culture. We can experience them in many Chinese idioms (习语). A talented person is often called Qianlima, an energetic horse that covers a thousand li a day. If someone takes the lead in an activity, we will say Yimadangxian. Besides, there are also some horse-related English idioms. A dark horse is a little-known person or team that surprises everyone by winning. A workhorse is a person who does a lot of work without complaints. ▲ They can remember their human friends after long periods of separation (分离). Horses are loyal. They stick to their owners through wind and rain and never leave easily. Horses are determined (坚定的). They keep finishing long-distance races no matter how tired they are. People born in the Year of the Horse are said to share such good qualities. So, do you have a friend or a family member who enjoys 2026 as his or her animal year? 1.How does the writer make the facts about horses more interesting in Paragraph 2? A. By listing numbers. B. By comparing ideas. C. By asking questions. D. By using time order. 2.What do you call a little-known person who surprises everyone by winning in Paragraph 3? A. Qianlima. B. Yimadangxian. C. A dark horse. D. A workhorse. 3.Which sentence can be put in the “ ▲ ” in Paragraph 4? A. Horses are brave. B. Horses are clever. C. Horses are energetic. D. Horses are powerful. 4.What is the text mainly about? A. Horses are easily tired. B. Horses are determined. C. Some horse-related Chinese idioms. D. Some features and spirits of horses. 【答案】1. A　2. C　3. B　4. D 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，以2026马年为切入点，介绍马的生理特征、与马相关的中英习语、马的优秀精神品质，人们认为属马的人具备这些美好品质。 (1)题解析： 根据文章第2段“they can see almost 360 degrees around themselves. They can even hear other horses from up to 2 kilometers away. A horse’s lungs can hold about 60 liters of air while a human’s can only hold around 6 liters. However, they only sleep about 3 hours a day and sometimes sleep standing up.”可知，第2段使用大量具体数字介绍马的特点，作者通过列数字的方式让相关事实更直观有趣。 (2)题解析： 根据文章第3段“A dark horse is a little-known person or team that surprises everyone by winning.”可知，不被人熟知却取胜让人意外的人叫作a dark horse。 (3)题解析： 根据文章第4段空后“They can remember their human friends after long periods of separation.”，由此可知马在长久分离后还能记住人类朋友，体现马很聪明。 (4)题解析： 全文围绕马展开，既介绍了马的生理特征，也讲述了与马相关的习语和马的精神品质，核心内容是马的特征与精神。 主题语境01 人与社会-科普知识与现代技术 （2026·江苏连云港·中考真题）Some of the most beautiful rivers in the UK are from underground springs, which create perfect conditions for wildlife to live. To understand how healthy the rivers really are, scientists keep watching them for numbers of species (物种) over time. This can show how well a habitat can manage stress such as rising temperatures, reduced rainfall and pollution. Traditionally, researchers survey rivers by going out themselves and searching for plants, animals or signs of their presence (存在). This method works, but it takes much time and can miss some species not present during the survey. A new project called GeneFlow tries a new technology — environmental DNA (eDNA). When a species — for example, a fish — moves through the environment, it drops bits of itself all the time, from dead skin cells to faeces (粪便). The DNA in these materials is known as environmental DNA (eDNA). If someone tests a sample (样本) of the water, these pieces of DNA can show the recent presence of the fish, though no fish is seen. This technology allows scientists to find species that we cannot see with our eyes, so that we can learn more about the rivers. GeneFlow aims to explore the species in 10 rivers across the UK. Beyond information collection, it also aims to connect people with their local rivers. With instructions, members of the public have helped to collect water samples from chosen rivers. Scientists are still studying the water samples, but the early results are promising: nearly 2000 species have been discovered so far, including protected species such as eels and water voles at many places. Several riverfly species — key signs of water quality — were also recorded. 1.What’s the purpose of the first paragraph? A. To list possible dangers to the habitats. B. To describe the rivers’ health conditions. C. To explain the importance of river surveys. D. To introduce some beautiful rivers in the UK. 2.What’s the problem with the traditional method to survey rivers? A. It pollutes the rivers. B. It doesn’t work at all. C. It wastes time finding rivers. D. It can miss hidden species. 3.What is eDNA? A. The DNA of a certain fish in the UK. B. The technology of collecting water samples. C. The technology of preventing water pollution. D. The DNA of species found in the environment. 4.What can we learn about the GeneFlow Project from the last two paragraphs? A. It has found positive results so far. B. It has protected species at many places. C. Its researchers have completed their study. D. Its researchers collected samples in person. 【答案】1. C　2. D　3. D　4. A 【解析】【导语】 本文介绍了传统的河流物种调查方法的局限性以及利用环境DNA（eDNA）技术进行物种调查的新项目GeneFlow。 (1)题解析： 第一段指出科学家通过监测物种数量来评估河流健康状况：“scientists keep watching them for numbers of species over time. This can show how well a habitat can manage stress”，说明目的是解释河流调查的重要性。 (2)题解析： 第二段指出传统方法“can miss some species not present during the survey”，说明会遗漏隐藏的物种。 (3)题解析： 第三段指出：“The DNA in these materials is known as environmental DNA (eDNA).”，说明环境DNA是物种在环境中留下的DNA片段。 (4)题解析： 最后一段指出：“early results are promising: nearly 2000 species have been discovered”，说明项目迄今取得了积极成果。 主题语境02 人与社会-著名人物 （2026·江苏扬州·中考真题）16 winners from 12 countries were awarded at the 18th Special Book Awards of China held in Beijing in June 2025. Aleksei Rodionov, professor of Chinese studies at Saint Petersburg University, is a winner of the award in translating. This award is the highest national award. It is presented each year to foreign authors, translators, and publishers for their great contributions in promoting Chinese publications and cultural exchanges between China and other countries. “As a sinologist (汉学家) and translator of Chinese literature, this award will encourage me to do more and do better in promoting cultural exchanges between Russia and China,” said the professor. Rodionov said that he feels a special connection with China when he thought about his journey in Chinese literature. “I was born on the Russian-Chinese border. From the moment I was born, I had a connection with China. As someone with a great interest in foreign languages, I naturally chose to learn Chinese. That’s how I started the journey of studying the Chinese language and literature,” he noted. To the professor, translation is, in fact, a very enjoyable task. “Translating Chinese literary (文学的) works is my lifelong calling. It brings me joy and gives my life a deeper sense of purpose,” he said. For decades, Rodionov has long devoted himself to translating and researching Chinese literature, having translated 26 works by Chinese authors such as Lao She. “Literary works are an important gateway to understanding Chinese culture and the Chinese people. They are important bridges that connect our hearts and minds. In Russia, authors like Mo Yan and Yu Hua are very popular,” said the professor. 1.What was Aleksei Rodionov awarded for? A. Translating Chinese literature. B. Studying the Chinese language. C. Teaching Russian in China. D. Publishing a book in Chinese. 2.What do we know about the award? A. It is held in Beijing every three years. B. It is the highest national award in Russia. C. It encourages Chinese writers, translators and publishers. D. It praises foreigners’ efforts in spreading Chinese culture. 3.What does paragraph 5 mainly talk about? A. Rodionov’s research into Chinese literature. B. Rodionov’s understanding of translation. C. Rodionov’s experiences of learning Chinese. D. Rodionov’s findings of Russian readers. 4.What is the best title for the text? A. Connected by Literature B. Comparing Cultural Differences C. Rodionov’s Learning Journey in China D. Rodionov’s Exchange Program with China 【答案】1. A　2. D　3. B　4. A 【解析】【导语】 本文主要讲述2025年6月第十八届中华图书特殊贡献奖在北京颁奖，俄罗斯汉学家Rodionov获翻译奖。他自幼与中国结缘，深耕中文文学翻译数十年，致力于中俄文化交流。 (1)题解析： 根据第一段第二句“Aleksei Rodionov...is a winner of the award in translating.”以及倒数第二段“Rodionov has long devoted himself to translating and researching Chinese literature”可知，他获奖是因为“翻译中国文学作品”。 (2)题解析： 根据第二段第二句“It is presented each year to foreign authors, translators, and publishers for their great contributions in promoting Chinese publications and cultural exchanges between China and other countries.”可知，该奖项旨在“赞扬外国人在传播中国文化方面的努力”。 (3)题解析： 第五段主要引用了教授的话，提到“translation is, in fact, a very enjoyable task ”以及“lifelong calling”，因此第五段主要阐述了“他对翻译工作的理解”。 (4)题解析： 文章主要讲述了Rodionov通过翻译中国文学作品获得奖项，并促进了中俄文化交流。最后一段提到“Literary works...are important bridges that connect our hearts and minds.” ，因此选项A“Connected by Literature”最能概括文章关于文学促进文化交流的主题。 主题语境03 人与自我-个人兴趣 （2026·江苏宿迁·中考真题）Hello, boys and girls! Do you want to bring a little fresh green onto your desk and grow your own plants? Have you ever imagined turning a glass container (容器) into a lovely mini-garden? Let me introduce an interesting DIY activity—creating your own mini-garden. Things needed ❖ A glass container ❖ Colorful stones ❖ Potting soil ❖ Small plants ❖ Toys, buttons, … Steps to make ✫1. Prepare a clean glass container. ✫2. Lay the colorful stones in the bottom. ✫3. Put some potting soil on top of the stones. ✫4. Choose small plants and put them in the soil. ✫5. Add fun decorations like small toys and buttons. Tips ♡1. Water the plants every several days to make your mini-garden look more lively. ♡2. You may paint your glass container in different colors to make your mini-garden special. Through this wonderful DIY activity, you can learn basic knowledge about plant growth and improve your hands—on skills. Why not have a try? 1.What should you do in Step 3 according to the text? A. Prepare a clean glass container. B. Lay the colorful stones in the bottom. C. Put some potting soil on top of the stones. D. Choose small plants and put them in the soil. 2.What can you learn by doing this DIY activity? A. Knowledge and skills. B. Different kinds of containers. C. Colorful paints and plants. D. Fun decorations like big toys. 3.Where is the text most probably from? A. A storybook. B. A DIY guide. C. A science fiction. D. A travel guide. 【答案】1. C　2. A　3. B 【解析】【导语】 本文是说明文，介绍了制作玻璃容器迷你花园的DIY活动，包含活动所需材料、制作步骤、养护小贴士，以及参与活动能收获的知识与技能，号召读者尝试这项活动。 (1)题解析： 根据原文Steps to make中第3步：“Put some potting soil on top of the stones.”可知，制作迷你花园的第三步是在石头上方铺一些盆栽土。 (2)题解析： 根据文章最后一段“Through this wonderful DIY activity, you can learn basic knowledge about plant growth and improve your hands—on skills.”可知，参与这个DIY活动可以学到植物生长的基础知识，还能提升动手技能，即能学到知识与技能。 (3)题解析： 根据全文围绕DIY制作迷你花园展开，介绍其制作相关的内容，可推知这篇文章最有可能出自DIY指南。 主题语境04 人与自然-宇宙 （2026·江苏扬州·中考真题）What if things in your home—your toothbrush, books, desks, even you!—suddenly seemed weightless and began to float? This is what astronauts experience in a space station—microgravity (微重力). Even though the space station and the astronauts inside are in space, Earth’s gravity is still pulling on them, though very weak. Let’s explore the astronauts’ life in space. Though there are some challenges, life in space is a super-fun. Eating and sleeping Need to get from one place to another? Just push off a surface and glide there! Nothing stays put. Imagine turning on a tap. Water would go flying everywhere. Astronauts aren’t allowed to eat anything in the space station that creates crumbs (碎屑). Food crumbs can become a disaster if they get into equipment (设备). That’s why astronauts eat specially prepared meals. There’s no “up” or “down” in space, so astronauts sleep in sleeping bags tied to the wall. Their arms will float in front of them while they sleep. Astronauts have to keep their bodies strong. There’s less stress on bones in space, for gravity is weaker. Muscles (肌肉) aren’t used as much. Their bones and muscles grow weaker. Even astronauts’ hearts can weaken. Every astronaut has to exercise for about two hours a day. Most of the exercise equipment is specially designed to imitate the feel of gravity. Work and play Astronauts spend much of their time working. They do a lot of experiments—from space life science to new spacecraft technologies. Sometimes they do spacewalks to make repairs to the outside of the station. When they have free time, astronauts kick back by reading books and looking down at Earth. 1.According to the text, what may cause danger to the space station? A. Water in special bags. B. Very tiny food pieces. C. Specially prepared meals. D. Sleeping bags tied to the wall. 2.Which of the following should go in the empty box? A. Exercising for a strong heart. B. Moving freely. C. Dealing with space loneliness. D. Staying strong. 3.What does the text mainly talk about? A. Strange changes to astronauts’ bodies in space. B. Astronauts’ fun and challenging life in space. C. How astronauts do experiments in space environments. D. Why astronauts inside the space station can’t stay put. 【答案】1. B　2. D　3. B 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了宇航员在空间站微重力环境下的生活，包括饮食、睡眠、运动和娱乐等方面的挑战与乐趣。 (1)题解析： 第三段提到“Food crumbs can become a disaster if they get into equipment.”，食物碎屑可能对空间站造成危险。 (2)题解析： 第四段提到“Every astronaut has to exercise for about two hours a day...”，本段讲太空微重力会让骨骼、肌肉、心脏变虚弱，宇航员每天必须锻炼两小时维持身体强健，因此空框处应填“Staying strong”。 (3)题解析： 全文围绕宇航员在太空中的生活展开，介绍了饮食、睡眠、运动和工作等方面的内容，因此主旨是宇航员在太空中有趣而充满挑战的生活。 主题语境05 人与自然-自然 （2026·江苏扬州·中考真题）If you want to learn new stories about familiar plants and animals, and discover new species (物种) to plant in your own yard, Nature of Portland, is a must for you. Most of this book is about which plants and animals are natives in Portland (a city in Oregon, USA). Many plants and animals in this book have long made their homes here. In this field guide, filled with local knowledge and humor, LeeAnn Kriegh describes more than 350 plants and animals found within an hour’s ride of Portland, Inside you’ll discover: ● Common and scientific names ● Key details like size, bloom (flowering) time, and months seen ● Local natural history, ecology, stories, and fun facts ● Details on where to find every species ● Beautiful full-color photos of every species Take Western Starflower from the book as an example. Western Starflower (Lysimachia latifolia) Flowers: Late spring to early summer Late spring is a magical time to explore trails in the Portland area, as birds are singing, and colorful blooms are coming out on wildflowers like this one. Western starflower’s pinkish blooms stand out against the backdrop of the plant’s big, broad, deep-green leaves (latifolia translates to “broad-leaved”). A lot of flowers are in the shape of a star, but species like this one win the starflower name because of their thin flower stalks (茎). They make the flowers seem to fly in the air like stars. ID tips: 2-12 inches tall. Look for a whorl of four to seven broadly oval leaves (up to 3.5 inches long) with pointed tips. Up to a few star-shaped pink flowers (up to 0.75 inches wide) bloom on thin flower stalks, each with five to seven pointed petals (花瓣). Locations: Locally common in shady, wet woods, including at Oxbow Regional Park and Powell Butte Nature Park. At the back of the book, you’ll find 10 “treasure hunts” in the Portland area. The species are waiting to be found. Reading about plants and animals is fun, but getting outside to experience and connect with nature is what Nature of Portland is all about. 1.What is Nature of Portland? A. A fun, friendly guide to local plants and animals. B. A photo collection of plants and animals in danger. C. A field guide to the city’s places of interest. D. A book mainly about some famous local landscapes. 2.What does the underlined word “natives” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Animals or plants that live in the sea. B. Animals that kill and eat other animals. C. Animals or plants that live or grow naturally in a place. D. Unusual and exciting plants, especially from other countries. 3.In the table about Western Starflower, what can you get from the Flowers part? A. How tall the flower is. B. How many leaves the flower has. C. Why the flower gets its name. D. Which parks you can visit to see the flower. 4.What is the purpose of the text? A. To show how to write a book review. B. To tell readers what to expect from the book. C. To give advice on what to grow in your yard. D. To encourage readers to find new local plants. 【答案】1. A　2. C　3. C　4. B 【解析】【导语】 本文介绍《Nature of Portland》这本野外指南书籍，书中收录美国波特兰350多种本土动植物，附有名称、生长特征、栖息地、实拍彩图与趣味自然故事，还设置户外寻宝探索板块，鼓励读者走出户外亲身感受本地自然。 (1)题解析： 第三段“In this field guide, filled with local knowledge and humor, LeeAnn Kriegh describes more than 350 plants and animals found within an hour’s ride of Portland, Inside you’ll discover”说明这是一本介绍当地动植物的野外指南。 (2)题解析： 第二段“Most of this book is about which plants and animals are natives in Portland (a city in Oregon, USA). Many plants and animals in this book have long made their homes here.”后文说明这类动植物长期在此栖息、自然生长，native即本土原生动植物。 (3)题解析： 花朵板块“A lot of flowers are in the shape of a star, but species like this one win the starflower name because of their thin flower stalks (茎).”讲解它细长花茎让花朵像空中星星，因此得名Starflower，对应得名原因。 (4)题解析： 全文介绍书籍内容、收录物种、包含信息、特色板块、文末寻宝探索活动，目的是向读者介绍这本书包含什么、能收获什么。 主题语境01 人与社会-科普知识与现代技术 Passage 1 （2026·江苏徐州·中考真题）A new study shows that squirrels are willing to make extra effort to get their favourite food. Many animals eat whatever is near them. Squirrels, however, prefer tastier snacks even when they are harder to get. British researchers put different foods on poles (杆) of different heights. Squirrels could easily climb a wooden pole to get to pumpkin seeds (籽). They could use a taller, more slippery (滑的) plastic pole to reach their favourite snacks. During the study, 11 wild gray squirrels made more than 4,000 choices. Even when faced with a more difficult climb, the animals still tried to choose their favourite food. A squirrel’s place in its group influenced decisions. Lower-level squirrels preferred to choose food that was easier to reach. If squirrels took extra time to get to the tastier snacks, there could be a risk. They may lose the food to a stronger rival (对手). Just like humans, squirrels will adjust (调整) how much work they need to get what they want depending on the situation. 1.In which part of a magazine may we read the passage? A. Sports news. B. Art world. C. Wildlife. D. Lifestyle. 2.Where are the researchers from? A. France. B. The USA. C. Australia. D. The UK. 3.What saying does the new study about squirrels make us believe? A. No pain, no gain. B. Practice makes perfect. C. Every dog has its day. D. Many hands make light work. 4.The underlined sentence in the last paragraph shows that the squirrels are _______. A. generous B. friendly C. hard-working D. smart 【答案】1. C　2. D　3. A　4. D 【解析】【导语】 本文主要讲了英国的一项研究发现，松鼠愿意费力获取喜爱的食物，同时会根据自身处境灵活调整觅食的选择。 (1)题解析： 根据文章通篇介绍松鼠这种动物的行为和科学研究可知，文章主题是野生动物，对应杂志的Wildlife（野生动物）板块。 (2)题解析： 根据第二段第一句“British researchers put different foods on poles of different heights.”可知，研究人员来自英国，British意为“英国的”，British=The UK。 (3)题解析： 根据文章第一段“squirrels are willing to make extra effort to get their favourite food”以及第二段“Even when faced with a more difficult climb, the animals still tried to choose their favourite food”可知，松鼠愿意付出辛苦费力攀爬（pain付出辛苦），来换取喜爱的食物（gain收获回报），和谚语“No pain, no gain”含义匹配。 (4)题解析： 根据划线句“Just like humans, squirrels will adjust how much work they need to get what they want depending on the situation.”可知，松鼠会看清处境，灵活调整自己要付出多少努力，懂得权衡风险，随机应变，这体现松鼠很smart（聪明）。 Passage 2 （2026·江苏无锡·中考真题）Photosynthesis: ▲ ? You might already know the basics of how photosynthesis (光合作用) works. Plants use sunlight to make the food they need to live. But one day we might be able to use photosynthesis to run our cars, heat our homes, and more! Scientists are working on it right now! Plants are like machines that turn light into food using chlorophyll, which helps them use the sun’s energy to split (分离) water into hydrogen (氢) and oxygen. Plants turn hydrogen into food, but if we can find out how to use the sun to split water, we could use hydrogen as fuel (燃料). Scientists can already split water into hydrogen with a machine called an electrolyzer. But today’s electrolyzers run on electricity, which often comes from a power station that uses fossil fuels, such as oil and natural gas. This can cause pollution and produce greenhouse gases that cause climate change. Using the sun to create hydrogen could be a cleaner form of energy. It’s called artificial photosynthesis. Yulia Pushkar is a scientist who’s working on artificial photosynthesis at Purdue University in Indiana. “If we want to create artificial photosynthesis, we have to create a material which will take in the light and split the water,” Dr. Pushkar says. Luckily, Dr. Pushkar and her team have done just that. They have created materials that split water into hydrogen under light. There’s a problem, though that sounds great. The best electrolyzers have iridium (铱) inside. Iridium is very rare. Now she’s working on a different way to make hydrogen from sunlight by using iron. Iron is very abundant on Earth. So, it’s much easier and cheaper to find than iridium. We also need to be able to use it in our cars and homes. Most cars today still use gasoline. If we can make and use hydrogen, we won’t run out of it. And it doesn’t produce harmful greenhouse gases. Dr. Pushkar is hopeful about artificial photosynthesis. “We and other researchers around the world are working hard to develop clean energy,” she says. “Our artificial photosynthesis is the way forward.” 1.Why does Dr Pushkar use iron instead of iridium in the research? A. Because of its richness. B. Because of its quality. C. Because of its weight. D. Because of its power. 2.The following sentence can best be put at the beginning of ________. Of course, just being able to make hydrogen isn’t enough. A. Paragraph 5 B. Paragraph 6 C. Paragraph 7 D. Paragraph 8 3.Why does the writer end the passage with Dr. Pushkar’s words? A. To describe her valuable daily work. B. To prove her contributions to the research. C. To show her confidence in the research. D. To thank her team and other researchers. 4.Which of the following is the most suitable for ▲ ? A. Not Just For Plants B. More Than Just Sunlight C. More Choices For Oil D. Not Good For Fossil Fuels 【答案】1. A　2. C　3. C　4. A 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇科普说明文，主要介绍了人工光合作用的研究进展及其作为清洁能源的潜力。 (1)题解析： 根据第六段“Iron is very abundant on Earth. So, it’s much easier and cheaper to find than iridium.”可知，Dr. Pushkar使用铁代替铱是因为铁更丰富、更便宜。 (2)题解析： “Of course, just being able to make hydrogen isn’t enough.”意为“当然，仅仅能够制造氢气是不够的”。根据第七段“We also need to be able to use it in our cars and homes.”可知，该段主要讲述不仅要制造氢气，还需要能将其应用于汽车和家庭，题干所给的句子放在第七段开头可起到承上启下的作用，承接前文成功制氢的进展，引出后续的应用要求。 (3)题解析： 根据最后一段Pushkar博士的话“We and other researchers around the world are working hard to develop clean energy... ‘Our artificial photosynthesis is the way forward.’”提到她对人工光合作用抱有希望，认为这是未来的发展方向，以此结尾是为了体现她对这项研究的信心。 (4)题解析： 全文开篇介绍光合作用原本是植物的生理过程，进而延伸到人类研发人工光合作用将其作为新型清洁能源的技术方向，说明光合作用不再仅应用于植物自身，“Not Just For Plants”最贴合文章核心主旨，适合置于文章的标题处。 主题语境02 人与社会-艺术 （2026·江苏苏州·中考真题） The 2026 Aranya Theater Festival presents 34 productions from 14 countries, aiming to draw worldwide attention. The festival opens with City of Fiction, adapted (改编) from Yu Hua’s novel. It tells the story of a young man from northern China who starts a journey south in search of an imaginary city. The festival also presents a lot of other highly expected works. One such show is Na Han, a Chinese-German production adapted from the short story collection by Lu Xun. It explores themes like family relationships. Dans la tempete continue is a French-Chinese production, which focuses on the dynamics (动态) within a family. Besides drama performances, the festival offers other activities such as workshops and street shows, making visitors’ cultural experiences richer. 1.How many days does the festival last? A. 12 days. B. 14 days. C. 28 days. D. 34 days. 2.What do Na Han and Dans la tempete continue have in common? A. They tell the story of the young. B. They try to explore family themes. C. They are French-Chinese productions. D. They are adapted from Lu Xun’s works. 3.What do we know about the festival according to the passage? A. It opens with a foreign production. B. It allows visitors to direct a drama. C. It is to draw Chinese people’s attention. D. It is an international event held in China. 【答案】1. A　2. B　3. D 【解析】【导语】 本文介绍了2026年在中国秦皇岛举办的阿那亚戏剧节，说明了该戏剧节的举办时间、举办规模、开幕作品、多部参展作品的特点，以及除戏剧表演外的其他延伸活动，该戏剧节旨在吸引全球范围的关注。 (1)题解析： 根据海报给出的举办时间“June 17th - June 28th, 2026”，计算可得活动持续天数为28−17+1=12天，对应A选项。 (2)题解析： 第二段提到“It explores themes like family relationships.”以及“...which focuses on the dynamics (动态) within a family.”，《Na Han》探索家庭关系主题，《Dans la tempete continue》聚焦家庭内部关系动态，二者都围绕家庭主题展开；A项文中无提及，C项只有后者是中法合拍片，D项只有前者改编自鲁迅的作品，只有B项符合二者的共同点。 (3)题解析： 文中提到“from 14 countries”（来自14个国家），且有中国作家作品改编，在中国举办（阿那亚位于中国秦皇岛），因此是一个在中国举办的国际性活动，D选项正确。开幕作品改编自中国作家余华的小说，不属于外国作品，A错误；文中仅说明戏剧节开设工作坊、街头秀等活动，未提及允许游客导演戏剧，B错误；文中明确指出戏剧节旨在吸引全球关注，并非仅吸引中国民众的关注，C错误。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $函学科网 www.zxxk.com 让教与学更高效 专题05阅读理解（说明文） 基础必练 主题语境01人与社会-科普知识与现代技术 Passage 1 【答案】1.B2.D3.C4.D Passage 2 【答案】1.A2.D3.B 主题语境02人与自然-动物与植物 【答案】1.A2.C3.B4.D 进阶提升 主题语境01人与社会-科普知识与现代技术 【答案】1.C2.D3.D4.A 主题语境02人与社会-著名人物 【答案】1.A2.D3.B4.A 主题语境03人与自我-个人兴趣 【答案】1.C2.A3.B 主题语境04人与自然-宇宙 【答案】1.B2.D3.B 112 函学科网 www.zxxk.com 让教与学更高效 主题语境05人与自然-自然 【答案】1.A2.C3.C4.B 拓展培优 主题语境01人与社会-科普知识与现代技术 Passage 1 【答案】1.C2.D3.A4D Passage 2 【答案】1.A2.C3.C4.A 主题语境02人与社会-艺术 【答案】1.A2.B3.D 212