专题03 阅读理解（应用文）（1年汇编）（江苏专用）2026年中考英语真题分类汇编

**基本信息** 聚焦初中英语阅读理解，涵盖应用文（求职邮件、社交媒体对话、旅游书信）与议论文（文学选段），主题贴近学生生活与社会热点，适配中考命题趋势，含2026年江苏扬州中考真题实例。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解选择题|约15题|细节理解（如作者身份、写作目的）、推理判断（如Jack的能力）、词义猜测（如“ointment”）、主旨归纳|情境真实（邮件/对话体）、梯度设计（从基础信息到深层理解）、文化渗透（《三个火枪手》选段、Galapagos Islands地理文化）|

专题03 阅读理解（应用文） 主题语境01 人与自我-个人情况 Dear Mrs Thomas, I’m writing to you about the dog walker job that I saw an ad for at the pet shelter. I would like to apply for the job, and I think I can really help the animals at your pet shelter. I’m 12 years old and I’m in Grade 7. I’m a good student. I work hard and I’m always on time. I want to be an animal doctor when I grow up. I have a dog named Molly and a cat, whose name is Coffee, at home. So, I’m very good at taking care of pets. I know how to brush a dog without pulling any fur and how to talk to a dog so that it feels calm. I can walk very big dogs easily. I can even help your cats if you need. I can work on Saturdays and during school holidays too. I hope to hear from you soon. Thank you for your time. Yours sincerely, Jack 1.Who wrote this email? A. Thomas. B. Molly. C. Coffee. D. Jack. 2.What’s the purpose of writing this email? A. To get a job. B. To keep pets. C. To offer a shelter. D. To make friends. 3.What can we learn about Jack? A. He worked as a dog walker before. B. He is a good pet carer. C. He worked at a pet shelter before. D. He is an animal doctor. 【答案】1. D　2. A　3. B 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇应用文，是七年级学生Jack写给Mrs Thomas的求职邮件。Jack看到宠物收容所的遛狗员招聘广告后写邮件申请该岗位，邮件中介绍了自身基本情况、养宠经验与可工作时间，表达了求职意愿。 (1)题解析： 文章最后部分“Yours sincerely, Jack”说明这封邮件的作者是Jack。 (2)题解析： 正文第一段“I would like to apply for the job”说明作者写这封邮件的目的是申请工作，即获得一份工作。 (3)题解析： 正文第三段“So, I’m very good at taking care of pets”说明Jack擅长照顾宠物，也即是一名好的宠物照顾者。 主题语境01 人与社会-科普知识与现代技术 Jenny 2h Hey, friends! I really need your help. I’m working on a project about robots. Please give me examples of robots around us. Many thanks! Benny 1h Heard of robot fish? If you drop your phone or other things in West Lake in Hangzhou, don’t worry. Robot fish can help you find it underwater. Cool! Cathy 40m Last week I had a stomachache. The doctor made me swallow (吞) a PillBot! It went inside my stomach and took videos. This way, doctors soon saw what was wrong. Mike 22m You’re not alone. Everyone is talking about robots these days! Andy 14m I got a big surprise yesterday. A human-like robot practised kung fu on our playground! Its moves were powerful, just like a real master’s. It greeted us by moving its hand and answered our questions. It was so polite and smart! 1.Why did Jenny send the message? A. To ask for help. B. To offer advice. C. To share her joy. D. To say thank you. 2.What happened to Cathy last week? A. She dropped her phone into water. B. She felt sick and went to hospital. C. She shook hands with a robot. D. She watched a robot practise kung fu. 3.Who did NOT give Jenny an example? A. Benny. B. Cathy. C. Mike. D. Andy. 【答案】1. A　2. B　3. C 【解析】【导语】 本文主要介绍了Jenny发起关于机器人事例的求助后，Benny、Cathy、Andy等人分享的不同生活中机器人的应用实例。 (1)题解析： Jenny发送的消息内容是“Hey, friends! I really need your help. I’m working on a project about robots. Please give me examples of robots around us.”，明确表明她需要大家的帮助，向他人征集身边机器人的例子，因此她发消息的目的是寻求帮助。 (2)题解析： Cathy的留言提到“Last week I had a stomachache. The doctor made me swallow (吞) a PillBot! It went inside my stomach and took videos. This way, doctors soon saw what was wrong.”，说明她上周胃痛生病，去了医院接受相关检查。 (3)题解析： Jenny发起的请求是“Please give me examples of robots around us”，Benny分享了水下找物品的机器鱼、Cathy分享了做检查的PillBot、Andy分享了练功夫的人形机器人，都提供了机器人的例子；而Mike只说“Everyone is talking about robots these days”，没有给出任何机器人的实例，因此Mike没有提供例子，对应选项C。 主题语境01 人与社会-旅游 Dear Anita, We have been on the Galapagos Islands for a week. I have travelled to lots of places, but there is no better place than the islands. It’s like entering a zoo without walls or windows. Most animals here are not afraid of people. Bruce, Nancy and I can see them up close. Some unusual animals live here. They don’t live anywhere else in the world. This makes these islands very special. The Galapagos Islands are right on the equator (赤道). There are very different areas here. The coastal area has trees and plants that can live in salty water. The humid (湿润的) area is located in the higher places of the islands. More rain falls in this area because of the height of the hills. The dry place covers the largest part. Many kinds of cactus (仙人掌) live here. Here the world looks like a desert. It’s not like a tropical (热带) area at all. There is also a transition (过渡) area. It’s between the dry area and the humid area. There is a mix of plants here. So the islands have a little bit of every kind of landscape. The Galapagos Islands are so great that we don’t want to leave. I have taken lots of photos. I’ll show you after we return home. See you soon. Yours, Cecily 1.Who wrote this email? A. Anita. B. Bruce. C. Nancy. D. Cecily. 2.When did the writer get to the Galapagos Islands? A. 3 days ago. B. 5 days ago. C. 7 days ago. D. 9 days ago. 3.What do we know about the animals on the Galapagos Islands according to the email? A. Many of them are kept in cages. B. Some of them only live on the islands. C. Most of them are scared of people. D. A few of them are very good at hunting. 4.Which picture probably shows the landscape of the Galapagos Islands? A. B. C. D. 【答案】1. D　2. C　3. B　4. A 【解析】【导语】 这是一封Cecily写给Anita的电子邮件，主要介绍了Cecily在加拉帕戈斯群岛的旅行经历，内容涵盖加拉帕戈斯群岛的独特之处，以及该群岛的多样地貌，包括沿海区域、湿润区、干旱区、过渡带的特点，同时表达了自己喜爱这里、不愿离开的心情，还提到会给Anita看旅行拍摄的照片。 (1)题解析： 邮件落款为“Yours, Cecily”，可知写这封邮件的人是Cecily，因此选D。 (2)题解析： 邮件开头“We have been on the Galapagos Islands for a week.”中“a week”意为一周，即7天，说明作者到达加拉帕戈斯群岛已经7天了。 (3)题解析： 根据邮件内容判断关于当地动物的描述。邮件第一段提到“Some unusual animals live here. They don’t live anywhere else in the world.”，即部分特殊动物仅分布在该群岛。 (4)题解析： 邮件第二段详细介绍了群岛的区域：沿海区域（coastal area）在最靠近海洋的位置，随后是干旱区域（dry area）占大部分，干旱区和湿润区中间是过渡区域（transition area），最高处是湿润区域（humid area），整体顺序从近海岸到高处为：沿海区域→干旱区域→过渡区域→湿润区域，符合这个顺序的是选项A的图片。 专题06 阅读理解（议论文+其他） 主题语境01 人与社会-文学 An old farmer is working outside his farmhouse. D’Artagnan comes out of the house. D’Artagnan: Father! I would like to speak to you. Father: Yes, my son! What is it? D’Artagnan: Father, the time has come when I must leave the farm. [His father smiles, but secretly.] The farm is good for you, but it is boring for me. I must go and realize my dream in Paris. I know you will wish me well. Father: Yes, my son, I will wish you well. It is a sad day for me and for your mother, but I knew it would happen one day, so I am prepared. Wait here. The father goes into the house. A moment later, he returns. He is carrying a letter and a small bag. The mother also comes out. She is carrying a small bottle. Father: Here is a letter for you to take to Paris. D’Artagnan: Thank you, dear Father! I will guard it with my life! But surely, that is not all! Father: No, no! How will you get to Paris? It is a long way to walk! That is why I am giving you Buttercup, my favourite horse! D’Artagnan: [Very unhappy, but secretly.] Buttercup! How wonderful! Father: My son, many people laugh at this horse because he is so yellow, but he is a very good horse. He was born in my stables (马厩) and has lived here all his life. It’s a good horse, so don’t ever think of selling it. Treat it with kindness and respect. D’Artagnan: Thank you, dear Father, I am so happy! [He isn’t.] Mother: And I have something for you, too, Son. It will be very useful. D’Artagnan: Mother, I did not expect a gift from you. Mother: You are my son, too, and I am just as pleased to see you go as your father is. I mean, I am just as proud of you as your father is! Take this bottle of ointment. It will help you cure all kinds of wounds and illnesses. D’Artagnan: Thank you, dearest Mother. And now, dear parents, if there is nothing else [Looking at the small bag that his father is carrying], I must be off. Wish me well! Father: No, wait! I have a little money to give you. It is all I have, but I will gladly give it to you because you are going away! [He gives D’Artagnan the small bag.] D’Artagnan: Thank you, dear Father. I know it is not much, but I will use it wisely. Father: Take Buttercup and go! Have a long and happy life! Goodbye! Mother: Goodbye, Son! Don’t forget your mother! Goodbye! D’Artagnan: Goodbye, Father! Goodbye, Mother! The father and mother smile at each other and go back into the house. D’Artagnan goes to the stable and leads out a yellow horse. He gets on it and rides slowly away. — Taken from The Three Musketeers 1.Many people laugh at Buttercup because of its _______. A. size B. speed C. colour D. age 2.What is the underlined word “ointment” used for? A. Food. B. Money. C. Clothes. D. Medicine. 3.How do Father and Mother feel when D’Artagnan leaves home? A. Pleased. B. Surprised. C. Unhappy. D. Worried. 4.What do we know about D’Artagnan according to the play? ① He has a big dream. ② He is polite to his parents. ③ He is from a rich family. ④ He feels bored on the farm. A. ①②③ B. ①②④ C. ①③④ D. ②③④ 【答案】1. C　2. D　3. A　4. B 【解析】【导语】 本文节选自《三个火枪手》，讲述达达尼昂不甘于农场平淡生活，打算前往巴黎实现梦想。临别时父母送上礼物与资助，支持他远行追梦，体现出父母对孩子理想的支持。 (1)题解析： 根据文中父亲说的话 “Many people laugh at this horse because he is so yellow” 可知，人们嘲笑这匹马是因为它的颜色。 (2)题解析： 根据母亲所说 “It will help you cure all kinds of wounds and illnesses”，它可以治愈各类伤口和疾病，由此判断ointment是药品。 (3)题解析： 文中有舞台提示[His father smiles, but secretly.]，母亲口误说出 “I am just as pleased to see you go”，二人最后smile at each other，能够看出父母内心为儿子追寻梦想感到开心自豪。 (4)题解析： ①依据 “I must go and realize my dream in Paris”，说明他拥有梦想，正确；②文中多次出现 “Dear Father/Mother”“Thank you”，能看出他对父母很有礼貌，正确；③父亲提到 “It is all I have”，说明家境并不富裕，错误；④依据 “The farm is good for you, but it is boring for me”，可知他认为农场生活很枯燥，正确。所以①②④正确。 主题语境01 人与社会-文学 （2026·江苏扬州·中考真题）It was 1912, in the Williamsburg section of Brooklyn, New York. Francie Nolan and her younger brother, Neeley, spent Saturday collecting and selling paper, metal, rubber and other junk for money. They spent half of the money and brought half home to their parents. Francie’s home was in a third-floor walk-up flat in the shadow of the hardy ailanthus tree, the “only tree that grew out of cement (水泥),” a tree “that liked poor people.” ... It was two o’clock. Francie walked towards the library. The library was a little old place. Francie thought that all the books in the world were in that library and she planned to read all the books in the world. She was reading a book a day in alphabetical (按字母表顺序的) order, even the boring ones. She had been reading a book a day for a long time now and she was still in the B’s. On the librarian’s desk stood a neat row of freshly sharpened pencils and the returned books waiting to be put back. “When I have my own home, I’ll have a desk like this, with pencils, ‘always ready for writing,’ and books...books...books...” Saturdays were different. She treated herself by reading a book not in the alphabetical order. On that day, she asked the librarian to recommend a book. “Could you recommend a good book for a girl?” “How old?” The librarian did not even look up. “She is eleven.” The librarian never knew the little girl who took a book out every day and two on Saturday. Francie hurried home, holding the books close. The story of Francois Villon was more wonderful each time she read it. Sometimes she worried the book would be lost in the library. She had once started copying the book in a two-cent notebook. “When I grow up, I’ll work hard, save money and buy every single book I like.” Now it was her weekly fire-escape-sitting time. She put glass, candy and book on the windowsill and climbed out on the fire-escape (安全梯). Once out there, she was living in a tree. Francie breathed the warm air, watched the dancing leaf shadows, ate the candy and drank the cooled water in-between reading. The afternoon passed. 1.What can you learn from the first paragraph? A. How old Francie Nolan was. B. What Francie’s parents did for a living. C. What kind of family Francie came from. D. How much Francie and her brother made. 2.What is Francie’s favorite thing to do? A. Collecting materials for recycling. B. Chatting with the librarian. C. Reading books. D. Watching leaves. 3.Which of the following is true about Francie’s reading habits? A. Copying each book she finished reading. B. Collecting her favorite books in her study. C. Reading every book in the library from Z through A. D. Reading a book not in the order of the letters on Saturday. 4.Which of the following can best describe Francie Nolan? A. Strong-willed and hopeful. B. Brave and fashionable. C. Hard-working and humorous. D. Curious and creative. 【答案】1. C　2. C　3. D　4. A 【解析】【导语】 本文节选自《布鲁克林有棵树》，讲述了小女孩弗兰西·诺兰的生活片段，包括她收集废品、在图书馆阅读以及对未来的憧憬。 (1)题解析： 第一段描述了弗兰西的家庭环境：“Francie’s home was in a third-floor walk-up flat...the ‘only tree that grew out of cement,’ a tree ‘that liked poor people.’”，说明她来自贫困家庭。 (2)题解析： 文中多次描写弗兰西去图书馆借书、读书，第三段“She was reading a book a day...”、第四段“When I have my own home, I’ll have a desk like this, with pencils...and books...books...books...”，说明阅读是她最喜欢的事。 (3)题解析： 第五段指出：“Saturdays were different. She treated herself by reading a book not in the alphabetical order.”，说明周六她读不按字母顺序排列的书。 (4)题解析： 弗兰西计划读遍图书馆所有的书，并憧憬未来拥有自己的书桌和书籍，说明她意志坚定且充满希望。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题03 阅读理解（应用文） 主题语境01 人与自我-个人情况 Dear Mrs Thomas, I’m writing to you about the dog walker job that I saw an ad for at the pet shelter. I would like to apply for the job, and I think I can really help the animals at your pet shelter. I’m 12 years old and I’m in Grade 7. I’m a good student. I work hard and I’m always on time. I want to be an animal doctor when I grow up. I have a dog named Molly and a cat, whose name is Coffee, at home. So, I’m very good at taking care of pets. I know how to brush a dog without pulling any fur and how to talk to a dog so that it feels calm. I can walk very big dogs easily. I can even help your cats if you need. I can work on Saturdays and during school holidays too. I hope to hear from you soon. Thank you for your time. Yours sincerely, Jack 1.Who wrote this email? A. Thomas. B. Molly. C. Coffee. D. Jack. 2.What’s the purpose of writing this email? A. To get a job. B. To keep pets. C. To offer a shelter. D. To make friends. 3.What can we learn about Jack? A. He worked as a dog walker before. B. He is a good pet carer. C. He worked at a pet shelter before. D. He is an animal doctor. 主题语境01 人与社会-科普知识与现代技术 Jenny 2h Hey, friends! I really need your help. I’m working on a project about robots. Please give me examples of robots around us. Many thanks! Benny 1h Heard of robot fish? If you drop your phone or other things in West Lake in Hangzhou, don’t worry. Robot fish can help you find it underwater. Cool! Cathy 40m Last week I had a stomachache. The doctor made me swallow (吞) a PillBot! It went inside my stomach and took videos. This way, doctors soon saw what was wrong. Mike 22m You’re not alone. Everyone is talking about robots these days! Andy 14m I got a big surprise yesterday. A human-like robot practised kung fu on our playground! Its moves were powerful, just like a real master’s. It greeted us by moving its hand and answered our questions. It was so polite and smart! 1.Why did Jenny send the message? A. To ask for help. B. To offer advice. C. To share her joy. D. To say thank you. 2.What happened to Cathy last week? A. She dropped her phone into water. B. She felt sick and went to hospital. C. She shook hands with a robot. D. She watched a robot practise kung fu. 3.Who did NOT give Jenny an example? A. Benny. B. Cathy. C. Mike. D. Andy. 主题语境01 人与社会-旅游 Dear Anita, We have been on the Galapagos Islands for a week. I have travelled to lots of places, but there is no better place than the islands. It’s like entering a zoo without walls or windows. Most animals here are not afraid of people. Bruce, Nancy and I can see them up close. Some unusual animals live here. They don’t live anywhere else in the world. This makes these islands very special. The Galapagos Islands are right on the equator (赤道). There are very different areas here. The coastal area has trees and plants that can live in salty water. The humid (湿润的) area is located in the higher places of the islands. More rain falls in this area because of the height of the hills. The dry place covers the largest part. Many kinds of cactus (仙人掌) live here. Here the world looks like a desert. It’s not like a tropical (热带) area at all. There is also a transition (过渡) area. It’s between the dry area and the humid area. There is a mix of plants here. So the islands have a little bit of every kind of landscape. The Galapagos Islands are so great that we don’t want to leave. I have taken lots of photos. I’ll show you after we return home. See you soon. Yours, Cecily 1.Who wrote this email? A. Anita. B. Bruce. C. Nancy. D. Cecily. 2.When did the writer get to the Galapagos Islands? A. 3 days ago. B. 5 days ago. C. 7 days ago. D. 9 days ago. 3.What do we know about the animals on the Galapagos Islands according to the email? A. Many of them are kept in cages. B. Some of them only live on the islands. C. Most of them are scared of people. D. A few of them are very good at hunting. 4.Which picture probably shows the landscape of the Galapagos Islands? A. B. C. D. 专题06 阅读理解（议论文+其他） 主题语境01 人与社会-文学 An old farmer is working outside his farmhouse. D’Artagnan comes out of the house. D’Artagnan: Father! I would like to speak to you. Father: Yes, my son! What is it? D’Artagnan: Father, the time has come when I must leave the farm. [His father smiles, but secretly.] The farm is good for you, but it is boring for me. I must go and realize my dream in Paris. I know you will wish me well. Father: Yes, my son, I will wish you well. It is a sad day for me and for your mother, but I knew it would happen one day, so I am prepared. Wait here. The father goes into the house. A moment later, he returns. He is carrying a letter and a small bag. The mother also comes out. She is carrying a small bottle. Father: Here is a letter for you to take to Paris. D’Artagnan: Thank you, dear Father! I will guard it with my life! But surely, that is not all! Father: No, no! How will you get to Paris? It is a long way to walk! That is why I am giving you Buttercup, my favourite horse! D’Artagnan: [Very unhappy, but secretly.] Buttercup! How wonderful! Father: My son, many people laugh at this horse because he is so yellow, but he is a very good horse. He was born in my stables (马厩) and has lived here all his life. It’s a good horse, so don’t ever think of selling it. Treat it with kindness and respect. D’Artagnan: Thank you, dear Father, I am so happy! [He isn’t.] Mother: And I have something for you, too, Son. It will be very useful. D’Artagnan: Mother, I did not expect a gift from you. Mother: You are my son, too, and I am just as pleased to see you go as your father is. I mean, I am just as proud of you as your father is! Take this bottle of ointment. It will help you cure all kinds of wounds and illnesses. D’Artagnan: Thank you, dearest Mother. And now, dear parents, if there is nothing else [Looking at the small bag that his father is carrying], I must be off. Wish me well! Father: No, wait! I have a little money to give you. It is all I have, but I will gladly give it to you because you are going away! [He gives D’Artagnan the small bag.] D’Artagnan: Thank you, dear Father. I know it is not much, but I will use it wisely. Father: Take Buttercup and go! Have a long and happy life! Goodbye! Mother: Goodbye, Son! Don’t forget your mother! Goodbye! D’Artagnan: Goodbye, Father! Goodbye, Mother! The father and mother smile at each other and go back into the house. D’Artagnan goes to the stable and leads out a yellow horse. He gets on it and rides slowly away. — Taken from The Three Musketeers 1.Many people laugh at Buttercup because of its _______. A. size B. speed C. colour D. age 2.What is the underlined word “ointment” used for? A. Food. B. Money. C. Clothes. D. Medicine. 3.How do Father and Mother feel when D’Artagnan leaves home? A. Pleased. B. Surprised. C. Unhappy. D. Worried. 4.What do we know about D’Artagnan according to the play? ① He has a big dream. ② He is polite to his parents. ③ He is from a rich family. ④ He feels bored on the farm. A. ①②③ B. ①②④ C. ①③④ D. ②③④ 主题语境01 人与社会-文学 （2026·江苏扬州·中考真题）It was 1912, in the Williamsburg section of Brooklyn, New York. Francie Nolan and her younger brother, Neeley, spent Saturday collecting and selling paper, metal, rubber and other junk for money. They spent half of the money and brought half home to their parents. Francie’s home was in a third-floor walk-up flat in the shadow of the hardy ailanthus tree, the “only tree that grew out of cement (水泥),” a tree “that liked poor people.” ... It was two o’clock. Francie walked towards the library. The library was a little old place. Francie thought that all the books in the world were in that library and she planned to read all the books in the world. She was reading a book a day in alphabetical (按字母表顺序的) order, even the boring ones. She had been reading a book a day for a long time now and she was still in the B’s. On the librarian’s desk stood a neat row of freshly sharpened pencils and the returned books waiting to be put back. “When I have my own home, I’ll have a desk like this, with pencils, ‘always ready for writing,’ and books...books...books...” Saturdays were different. She treated herself by reading a book not in the alphabetical order. On that day, she asked the librarian to recommend a book. “Could you recommend a good book for a girl?” “How old?” The librarian did not even look up. “She is eleven.” The librarian never knew the little girl who took a book out every day and two on Saturday. Francie hurried home, holding the books close. The story of Francois Villon was more wonderful each time she read it. Sometimes she worried the book would be lost in the library. She had once started copying the book in a two-cent notebook. “When I grow up, I’ll work hard, save money and buy every single book I like.” Now it was her weekly fire-escape-sitting time. She put glass, candy and book on the windowsill and climbed out on the fire-escape (安全梯). Once out there, she was living in a tree. Francie breathed the warm air, watched the dancing leaf shadows, ate the candy and drank the cooled water in-between reading. The afternoon passed. 1.What can you learn from the first paragraph? A. How old Francie Nolan was. B. What Francie’s parents did for a living. C. What kind of family Francie came from. D. How much Francie and her brother made. 2.What is Francie’s favorite thing to do? A. Collecting materials for recycling. B. Chatting with the librarian. C. Reading books. D. Watching leaves. 3.Which of the following is true about Francie’s reading habits? A. Copying each book she finished reading. B. Collecting her favorite books in her study. C. Reading every book in the library from Z through A. D. Reading a book not in the order of the letters on Saturday. 4.Which of the following can best describe Francie Nolan? A. Strong-willed and hopeful. B. Brave and fashionable. C. Hard-working and humorous. D. Curious and creative. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $可学科网 www.zxxk.com 让教与学更高效 专题03阅读理解（应用文） 基础必练 主题语境01人与自我-个人情况 【答案】1.D2.A3.B 进阶提升 主题语境01人与社会-科普知识与现代技术 【答案】1.A2.B3.C 拓展培优 主题语境01人与社会-旅游 【答案】1.D2.C3.B4.A 专题06阅读理解（议论文+其他） 基础必练 主题语境01人与社会-文学 【答案】1.C2.D3.A4.B 进阶提升 112 函学科网 www.zxxk.com 让教与学更高效 主题语境01人与社会-文学 【答案】1.C2.C3.D4.A 212