Unit 3 Conservation 议论文（含学习地图）（单元同步写作讲义）高中英语北师大版选择性必修第一册

本高中英语议论文写作讲义围绕“Conservation·生态保护”主题，构建从明确写作对象与任务、搭建“开头-主体-结尾”框架，到积累主题词汇与实用句型、提供标准版与提升版模板，再通过典例精练落实方法、拓展练习迁移能力、评价表自查改进的完整学习支架，形成“输入-内化-输出-反馈”的写作能力培养脉络。 该资料特色显著，紧扣单元主题设计分层练习，如“绿水青山理念”“野生动物生存空间”等五类情境，训练冲突分析、案例论证等思维品质，助力学生学会解决问题。提供可直接迁移的词汇句型与模板，增强语言表达能力，评价表支持自评互评，培养自主学习能力。课中辅助教师系统教学，课后帮助学生查漏补缺，有效提升生态保护议论文写作水平。

Unit 3 Conservation 议论文（单元同步写作讲义）学习地图 主题 体裁 建议词数 核心任务 Conservation · 生态保护议论文 观点类议论文（题干给定标题，无称呼落款） 80 词左右 分析环保与物种保护问题，阐明立场并提出可行保护措施 一、本讲义内容导航 模块 学什么 帮你解决什么问题 01 写作主题 明确对象、任务、重点与语气 知道写什么、写给谁 02 写作框架 开头、发展、高潮、结尾 搭出完整叙事结构 03 写作词汇 主题词汇与实用表达 积累可直接使用的表达 04 写作句型 描述人物、交代信息的常用句式 把人和事写得具体、连贯 05 写作模板 标准版与提升版结构 快速组织完整简介 06 典例精练 结合真实情境练习方法 把方法落实到任务中 07 写作指导 审题、谋篇与表达方法 解决写什么、怎么写 08 参考范文 学习结构、语言与表达逻辑 借鉴完整成篇表达 09 拓展练习 不同情境下的迁移写作 形成独立写作能力 10 写作评价表 对照标准自查、修改、提升 发现问题并完成改进 二、本单元5个拓展练习练什么？ 练习主题 写作任务 重点训练 练习1 绿水青山理念 论述绿色发展理念 理念阐释、论证展开、观点收束 练习2 野生动物生存空间 论述让渡生存空间 冲突分析、立场论证、平衡方案 练习3 农业生态共赢 论述农业与生态共赢 两难呈现、案例论证、共赢结论 练习4 限制过度包装 论述限包装推动环保 政策分析、正反论证、观点明确 练习5 个人节约的意义 论述点滴节约价值 观点交锋、论证展开、行动号召 三、系列训练亮点与学习路径 教材同步 结构完整 表达可用 练习分层 评价促改 紧扣单元主题与体裁 从审题到修改形成闭环 词汇句型模板可迁移 五类情境训练不重复 对照标准自查修改 学习路径 定任务 → 明信息 → 学描写 → 写成篇 → 完成练习 → 修改提升 Unit 3 Conservation 议论文（单元同步写作讲义） 一、写作主题 单元主题： Conservation；生态保护、可持续发展 应用文体裁： 议论文（观点类） 写作任务： 围绕环境保护和物种保护问题撰写一篇观点类议论文，分析问题、阐明立场并提出可行的保护措施。 二、写作框架 部分 内容要点 标题（1行） 按题干使用已给标题，居中书写。 开头（1—2句） 引出议题，点明争议或问题，亮明观点。 主体（4—5句） 分析问题成因，用理由与事例论证立场；善用被动语态突出客观性，尝试让步、强调等高级句式。 结尾（1—2句） 重申观点，提出呼吁或建议。 三、写作词汇 核心单词 英文表达 中文释义 写作用途 conservation n. 保护 点明生态保护主题 destroy vt. 破坏；毁掉 描述环境问题 threat n. 威胁 分析问题严重性 extinct adj. 灭绝的，绝种的 说明物种危机 species n. 物种，种 泛指野生动物 endangered adj. 濒危的 描写物种处境 urgent adj. 紧急的，急迫的 强调行动紧迫 wasteful adj. 浪费的；挥霍的 批评过度消费 recycle vi. & vt. 再利用，回收利用 提出具体措施 aware adj. 意识到的，明白的 强调环保意识 主题短语 英文表达 中文释义 写作用途 die out 消失；绝迹，灭绝 描述物种消失 be to blame (对某事) 负有责任 分析责任归属 be at risk 处境危险，受到威胁 说明危机状态 do one's part 尽自己的职责 呼吁个人行动 sum up 概括，总结 结尾收束观点 核心词汇写作运用 词汇填空 1. Many wild animals are ________(濒危的) because their homes are being destroyed. 2. Plastic waste is a serious ________(威胁) to ocean life. 3. It is ________(紧急的) that we take action to protect the environment. 4. Humans are largely ________(负有责任) for the loss of wildlife. 5. We should ________(回收利用) plastic bottles instead of throwing them away. 【答案】 1. endangered 【解析】be 动词后接形容词作表语，endangered animals 表示“濒危动物”。 2. threat 【解析】a serious threat to... 表示“对……的严重威胁”，作表语。 3. urgent 【解析】It is urgent that... 虚拟语气句型，强调行动紧迫。 4. to blame 【解析】be to blame 为固定搭配，用主动形式表被动含义，表示“应负责任”。 5. recycle 【解析】should 后接动词原形，recycle 表示“回收利用”。 句子翻译 1. 据报道，许多物种正因栖息地被破坏而濒临灭绝。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. 正是人类的活动应该对环境问题负有责任。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. 总而言之，只有当每个人都尽自己的一份力量，才能实现人与自然的和谐。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 1. It is reported that many species are at risk of dying out because their habitats are being destroyed. 【解析】It is reported that... 被动语态引出报道内容；are being destroyed 现在进行时被动语态强调破坏正在发生。 2. It is human activities that are to blame for environmental problems. 【解析】强调句突出主语；be to blame 主动形式表被动含义。 3. To sum up, only when everyone does their part can harmony between humans and nature be achieved. 【解析】only 状语从句置于句首引起部分倒装；情态动词+被动语态收束呼吁。 四、写作句型 开头句 1. Nowadays, _______ has become a heated topic among people.（引出热议话题） 2. With _______ becoming increasingly serious, it is time we took action.（背景+紧迫感） 3. When it comes to _______, opinions vary from person to person.（引出争议话题） 中间句 1. It is widely believed that _______ is mainly caused by _______.（被动句式分析成因） 2. Take _______ for example, whose habitat has been destroyed by _______.（举例论证） 3. If nothing is done, more and more species will disappear forever.（条件句警示后果） 4. Measures should be taken to _______ before it is too late.（被动句式提出措施） 结尾句 1. To sum up, protecting the environment is protecting ourselves.（总结升华） 2. Only in this way can we build a greener and better future.（倒装句收束） 3. It is high time that we did our part for the planet.（虚拟语气呼吁行动） 五、写作模板 模板1：简洁标准版 _______（标题，按题干书写） Nowadays, _______(环保议题) has become a serious problem. In my opinion, we must protect the environment right now. The main reason is that _______(问题成因). If nothing is done, _______(后果). Therefore, we should _______(措施一) and _______(措施二). To sum up, everyone should do their part to protect our planet. 模板2：分层高分版 _______（标题，按题干书写） Nowadays, _______(环保议题) has become a heated topic. It is widely believed that immediate action is urgently needed, and I firmly believe that _______(观点). It is human activities that are largely to blame for _______(问题). Take _______(对象) for example, whose survival is being threatened by _______(原因). If nothing were done, _______(严重后果). Therefore, effective measures should be taken: stricter laws must be passed, and individuals should be encouraged to _______(具体行动). To sum up, only when everyone does their part can _______(美好愿景) be achieved. 六、典例精练 你校英文报正在开展“保护野生动物”主题征文。请你以 “Protect Wildlife, Protect Ourselves” 为题写一篇观点类议论文，分析野生动物面临的生存问题，阐明你的立场并提出可行的保护措施。 写作要点： 1. 分析野生动物面临的生存威胁。 2. 阐明保护野生动物的立场与理由。 3. 提出可行的保护措施并呼吁行动。 注意： 1. 词数80左右。 2. 标题已给出，不计入总词数。 Protect Wildlife, Protect Ourselves ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 写作指导 第一步 审题谋篇 体裁是观点类议论文，题干已给标题，无书信称呼与落款，标题居中书写。读者是校英文报读者，目的是分析问题、阐明立场、提出措施。行文以一般现在时为主；多用被动语态突出客观性（It is reported that...、measures should be taken）；善用强调句、倒装句等高级句式增强论证力度；布局为“标题—引出议题—问题分析与论证—措施与呼吁”。 第二步 要点拆解与表达 中文要点 英文表达 句式说明 引出议题与观点 Protecting wildlife is protecting ourselves, and I firmly believe it brooks no delay. 动名词对仗点题，亮明立场。 分析生存威胁 It is reported that hundreds of species are at risk of dying out because their habitats are being destroyed. 被动语态引出事实，进行时被动强调破坏持续。 举例论证 Take rhinos for example, which are illegally hunted for their horns. 定语从句举例，被动语态客观呈现。 提出措施并呼吁 Stricter laws must be passed, and everyone should do their part to make a difference. 情态动词被动句+呼吁收束。 第三步 句式升级 原句 升级句 仿写句 说明 Many animals are in danger. Hundreds of species are at risk of dying out forever. Vast areas of forest are at risk of disappearing completely. at risk of 短语更凝练有力。 People hunt them for money. They are illegally hunted for their horns and fur. Rare birds are illegally trapped for trade. 被动语态突出受害对象。 We should make laws. Stricter laws must be passed to punish those who destroy nature. Tougher rules must be made to ban plastic waste. 情态动词被动句更显正式。 Everyone should do something. It is high time that everyone did their part for the planet. It is high time that we switched to a greener lifestyle. 虚拟语气呼吁更有力。 第四步 同义替换 普通表达 升级表达 使用场景 in danger at risk 描述物种处境更凝练 killed by people illegally hunted 被动结构突出非法性 make laws pass stricter laws 措施表达更具体有力 do something do one's part 呼吁行动更地道 in a word to sum up 议论文结尾更正式 参考范文 基础版范文 Protect Wildlife, Protect Ourselves Nowadays, many wild animals are in danger. I think we must protect them right now. Every year, many animals are killed by people for money, and their homes are being destroyed. If nothing is done, more and more animals will die out forever. Therefore, we should make strict laws to stop illegal hunting, and everyone should try to protect the places where animals live. To sum up, protecting wildlife is protecting ourselves. 词汇升级 基础表达 升级表达 升级作用 are in danger are at risk of dying out 突出灭绝危机的紧迫 are killed by people for money are illegally hunted for their horns and fur 被动结构凸显非法猎杀 their homes are being destroyed their natural habitats are being destroyed 用词更准确专业 make strict laws pass stricter laws to punish the hunters 措施更具体更具威慑 everyone should try to protect it is high time that everyone did their part 虚拟语气呼吁更有力 提高版范文 Protect Wildlife, Protect Ourselves Nowadays, many wild animals are at risk of dying out. I firmly believe that protecting them brooks no delay. Every year, rare animals are illegally hunted for their horns and fur, and their natural habitats are being destroyed by human activities. If nothing is done, countless species will disappear forever. Therefore, we should pass stricter laws to punish the hunters, and it is high time that everyone did their part to protect the places where animals live. To sum up, protecting wildlife is protecting ourselves. 七、拓展练习 练习1：论述"绿水青山就是金山银山"的发展理念（人与自然-环境保护） 你校英文报正在开展“绿色发展”主题征文。请你以 “Green Mountains Are Gold Mountains” 为题写一篇观点类议论文，论述“绿水青山就是金山银山”的发展理念。 写作要点： 1. 阐释该理念的基本内涵。 2. 结合事例论证绿色发展路径。 3. 表明立场并呼吁践行。 注意： 1. 词数80左右。 2. 标题已给出，不计入总词数。 Green Mountains Are Gold Mountains ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 写作思路 1. 审题：本文属于观点类议论文，题干已给标题，无称呼与落款，读者为校英文报读者。 2. 要点：先阐释理念内涵；再结合地方转型事例论证；最后表态并呼吁。 3. 结构：引出理念；论证展开；立场收束与呼吁。 4. 表达：用被动语态分析问题（was once polluted、is being restored），用强调句亮明理念（It is...that...），体现高级句式。 基础版范文 Green Mountains Are Gold Mountains "Green mountains are gold mountains." I strongly agree with this idea. In the past, some factories polluted rivers and destroyed forests for quick money. Later, people found that dirty environment drove away tourists and damaged health. So the villages cleaned the rivers and planted trees. Now the beautiful scenery attracts many visitors and brings real wealth. The environment is our greatest treasure. We should protect it while developing the economy. 词汇升级 基础表达 升级表达 升级作用 polluted rivers and destroyed forests rivers were polluted and forests were destroyed 被动语态突出环境受害者 dirty environment drove away tourists the polluted environment drove visitors away and threatened public health 点明污染的双重代价 cleaned the rivers and planted trees a series of restoration projects were carried out 被动句式更客观正式 attracts many visitors has been turned into a popular destination 现在完成时被动呈现转型成果 We should protect it while developing the economy economic growth should never be achieved at the cost of nature 被动句式将理念升华为原则 提高版范文 Green Mountains Are Gold Mountains "Green mountains are gold mountains." I strongly agree with this idea. In the past, rivers were polluted and forests were destroyed in some areas for quick money. Soon people found that the polluted environment drove visitors away and threatened public health. Therefore, a series of restoration projects were carried out in those villages. Years later, the region has been turned into a popular destination, bringing lasting wealth to the locals. I firmly believe that economic growth should never be achieved at the cost of nature. 练习2：论述人类应为野生动物让渡更多生存空间（人与自然-人与动植物） 你校英文报正在开展“人与自然”主题征文。请你以 “Making Room for Wildlife” 为题写一篇观点类议论文，论述人类是否应为野生动物让渡更多生存空间，分析冲突、阐明立场并提出平衡方案。 写作要点： 1. 分析人类活动与野生动物的冲突。 2. 阐明立场并论证让渡空间的必要性。 3. 提出人兽共处的平衡方案。 注意： 1. 词数80左右。 2. 标题已给出，不计入总词数。 Making Room for Wildlife ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 写作思路 1. 审题：本文属于观点类议论文，题干已给标题，无称呼与落款，读者为校英文报读者。 2. 要点：先分析人兽冲突成因；再论证让渡空间的必要性；最后提出平衡方案。 3. 结构：冲突呈现；立场论证；平衡方案与呼吁。 4. 表达：用被动语态与让步句式（Although...、Even if...）增强论证层次，体现高级句式。 基础版范文 Making Room for Wildlife As cities grow larger, wild animals are losing their homes. Some people think we should leave more space for wildlife, and I agree. Forests are being cut down and grasslands are turning into farmland, so many animals have nowhere to live and often come into cities for food. Although conflicts happen sometimes, it is humans that have taken their land first. Therefore, nature reserves should be set up and green corridors should be built for them. Humans and animals can share the planet if we learn to make room for wildlife. 词汇升级 基础表达 升级表达 升级作用 are losing their homes are being driven out of their natural homes 进行时被动凸显挤压过程 have nowhere to live are forced to wander near human settlements 被动结构刻画困境更具体 it is humans that have taken their land first it is human expansion that has invaded their habitats first 强调句式点明责任归属 nature reserves should be set up protected areas should be established and connected by green corridors 方案更系统更具图景 can share the planet can live in harmony with wildlife 用词更凝练立意更高 提高版范文 Making Room for Wildlife As cities grow larger, wild animals are being driven out of their natural homes. Some people think we should leave more space for wildlife, and I firmly agree. Forests are disappearing and grasslands are shrinking, so many animals are forced to wander near human settlements. Although conflicts happen from time to time, it is human expansion that has invaded their habitats first. Therefore, protected areas should be established and connected by green corridors, giving animals safe paths to roam. I firmly believe that humans can live in harmony with wildlife if we learn to share. 练习3：论述农业发展与生态保护能否共赢（人与社会-可持续农业） 你校英文报正在开展“可持续农业”主题征文。请你以 “Farming and Nature: A Win-Win” 为题写一篇观点类议论文，论述农业发展与生态保护能否实现共赢，用事例论证你的观点。 写作要点： 1. 呈现农业发展与生态保护的两难。 2. 用事例论证共赢路径。 3. 得出结论并提出建议。 注意： 1. 词数80左右。 2. 标题已给出，不计入总词数。 Farming and Nature: A Win-Win ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 写作思路 1. 审题：本文属于观点类议论文，题干已给标题，无称呼与落款，读者为校英文报读者。 2. 要点：先呈现两难局面；再用有机农场等事例论证共赢；最后得出结论。 3. 结构：两难呈现；案例论证；共赢结论与建议。 4. 表达：用被动语态叙述农业转型（chemicals have been replaced），用 for instance 引出事例，体现议论文论证规范。 基础版范文 Farming and Nature: A Win-Win Some people believe that farming harms the environment, but I think farming and nature can win together. It is true that too many chemicals pollute the soil and water. However, things are changing. For instance, on an organic farm near my hometown, vegetables are grown without harmful chemicals, and birds have returned to the fields. The food is safer and the environment is better protected. Therefore, green farming should be encouraged, so that we can feed people and protect nature at the same time. 词汇升级 基础表达 升级表达 升级作用 farming harms the environment the environment is sacrificed for higher yields 被动语态点明代价本质 too many chemicals pollute the soil soil and water are contaminated by overused chemicals 被动结构更客观正式 vegetables are grown without harmful chemicals crops are cultivated in an organic and sustainable way 用词更专业更凝练 the food is safer and the environment is better protected both food safety and ecological balance are guaranteed 名词化并列更显论证力度 green farming should be encouraged eco-friendly farming should be promoted nationwide 措施升级更具推广视野 提高版范文 Farming and Nature: A Win-Win Some people believe that the environment is sacrificed for higher yields in farming, but I firmly believe that farming and nature can win together. It is true that soil and water are contaminated by overused chemicals in traditional farming. However, things are changing. For instance, on an organic farm near my hometown, crops are cultivated in an organic and sustainable way, and birds have returned to the fields. There, both food safety and ecological balance are guaranteed. Therefore, I suggest that eco-friendly farming should be promoted nationwide, so that people and nature can thrive together. 练习4：论述限制过度包装能否有效推动环保（人与社会-市场与经济） 你校英文报正在开展“绿色消费”主题征文。请你以 “Less Packaging, Greener Life” 为题写一篇观点类议论文，论述限制过度包装能否有效推动环保，分析政策、正反论证并表明立场。 写作要点： 1. 分析过度包装的现状与问题。 2. 正反论证限制过度包装的效果。 3. 表明立场并倡导绿色消费。 注意： 1. 词数80左右。 2. 标题已给出，不计入总词数。 Less Packaging, Greener Life ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 写作思路 1. 审题：本文属于观点类议论文，题干已给标题，无称呼与落款，读者为校英文报读者。 2. 要点：先呈现过度包装乱象；再正反论证限令效果；最后表态并倡导绿色消费。 3. 结构：问题呈现；正反论证；立场收束与倡导。 4. 表达：用被动语态与数据论证（tons of waste are produced、limits have been introduced），用 even if 让步回应反方，体现正反论证的辩证性。 基础版范文 Less Packaging, Greener Life Nowadays, many products are wrapped in large boxes with plastic inside. Some people doubt whether limiting over-packaging really helps the environment. In my opinion, it does. Every year, tons of waste are produced by unnecessary packaging, which is thrown away right after use. Although some people say beautiful boxes attract buyers, the harm to the environment is far greater. Since limits on over-packaging have been introduced, less waste has been generated and more resources have been saved. I firmly believe that less packaging means a greener life, and we consumers should choose simple, reusable products. 词汇升级 基础表达 升级表达 升级作用 are wrapped in large boxes products are wrapped in layer upon layer of packaging 层层叠叠凸显浪费之巨 tons of waste are produced enormous amounts of waste are generated daily 用词升级并点明持续性 beautiful boxes attract buyers fancy packaging is merely used to lure customers 被动语态批驳更犀利 limits have been introduced strict limits on over-packaging have been introduced by authorities 被动句式点明施策主体 choose simple, reusable products switch to simple and refillable products switch to 呼应单元词汇更地道 提高版范文 Less Packaging, Greener Life Nowadays, many products are wrapped in layer upon layer of packaging. Some people doubt whether limiting over-packaging really helps. In my opinion, it surely does. Every year, enormous amounts of waste are generated daily just to make goods look attractive. Fancy packaging is merely used to lure customers, and it ends up in dustbins right after use. Although the industry may lose some shine, since strict limits on over-packaging have been introduced by authorities, less waste has been produced and more resources saved. I firmly believe that consumers should switch to simple and refillable products—less packaging, greener life. 练习5：论述个人点滴节约对全球环保的意义（人与自我-节约意识） 你校英文报正在开展“个人与环保”主题征文。请你以 “Small Acts, Big Impact” 为题写一篇观点类议论文，回应“个人节约无用论”，论述个人点滴节约对全球环保的意义。 写作要点： 1. 呈现“个人节约无用”的错误观点。 2. 论证个人行动的累积意义。 3. 发出行动号召。 注意： 1. 词数80左右。 2. 标题已给出，不计入总词数。 Small Acts, Big Impact ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 写作思路 1. 审题：本文属于观点类议论文，题干已给标题，无称呼与落款，读者为校英文报读者。 2. 要点：先摆出“个人无用论”并反驳；再论证个人行动的累积效应；最后号召行动。 3. 结构：观点交锋；论证展开；行动号召。 4. 表达：用让步句式（Some claim that...）呈现反方，用被动语态与强调句反驳，结尾用倒装句收束，体现高级句式。 基础版范文 Small Acts, Big Impact Some people say that saving water or recycling at home makes no difference to the planet. I can't agree with this opinion. In fact, small acts can add up to great power. If millions of families each turn off unused lights, a large amount of energy will be saved. Besides, green habits spread: when one person recycles, people around him or her often follow. The environment is protected by the efforts of ordinary people, not just governments. Therefore, don't look down upon small acts. Do your part now, and together we will make a big impact. 词汇升级 基础表达 升级表达 升级作用 makes no difference makes no real difference to the planet 加以限定使反驳更精准 small acts can add up to great power small acts, when multiplied by millions, become a powerful force 条件插入凸显累积逻辑 a large amount of energy will be saved enormous energy will be conserved 用词升级避免俗套 people around him or her often follow a green lifestyle is soon embraced by those around 被动语态呈现示范效应 don't look down upon small acts no effort should be underestimated 被动句式升华为普遍原则 提高版范文 Small Acts, Big Impact Some claim that saving water or recycling at home makes no real difference to the planet. I can't agree with this opinion. In fact, small acts, when multiplied by millions, become a powerful force. If millions of families each turn off unused lights, enormous energy will be conserved. What's more, green habits spread quickly: once a family starts recycling, a green lifestyle is soon embraced by those around. The planet is protected not only by governments but also by countless ordinary hands. Therefore, remember that no effort should be underestimated. Do your part now, and small acts will surely bring a big impact. 八、写作评价表 评价维度 分值 自评 同伴评 评价说明 结构 Structure 3分 ____ / 3 ____ / 3 标题、开头、论证、结尾安排合理，议论文结构完整。 内容 Content 6分 ____ / 6 ____ / 6 覆盖问题分析、立场论证和措施建议，论证具体有力。 语言 Language 4分 ____ / 4 ____ / 4 能运用被动语态和高级句式，准确使用本单元核心词汇。 书写 Handwriting 2分 ____ / 2 ____ / 2 格式规范，段落清楚，拼写、大小写和标点正确。 总分 Total 15分 ____ / 15 ____ / 15 综合评价结构、内容、语言和书写整体表现。 自我反思与改进 我最需要改进的一项：□结构 □内容 □语言 □书写 具体改进计划：________________________ 评分参考 满分15分；13—15优秀；10—12达标；7—9需修改；6分及以下建议重写。 3 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 3 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 Conservation 议论文（单元同步写作讲义）学习地图 主题 体裁 建议词数 核心任务 Conservation · 生态保护议论文 观点类议论文（题干给定标题，无称呼落款） 80 词左右 分析环保与物种保护问题，阐明立场并提出可行保护措施 一、本讲义内容导航 模块 学什么 帮你解决什么问题 01 写作主题 明确对象、任务、重点与语气 知道写什么、写给谁 02 写作框架 开头、发展、高潮、结尾 搭出完整叙事结构 03 写作词汇 主题词汇与实用表达 积累可直接使用的表达 04 写作句型 描述人物、交代信息的常用句式 把人和事写得具体、连贯 05 写作模板 标准版与提升版结构 快速组织完整简介 06 典例精练 结合真实情境练习方法 把方法落实到任务中 07 写作指导 审题、谋篇与表达方法 解决写什么、怎么写 08 参考范文 学习结构、语言与表达逻辑 借鉴完整成篇表达 09 拓展练习 不同情境下的迁移写作 形成独立写作能力 10 写作评价表 对照标准自查、修改、提升 发现问题并完成改进 二、本单元5个拓展练习练什么？ 练习主题 写作任务 重点训练 练习1 绿水青山理念 论述绿色发展理念 理念阐释、论证展开、观点收束 练习2 野生动物生存空间 论述让渡生存空间 冲突分析、立场论证、平衡方案 练习3 农业生态共赢 论述农业与生态共赢 两难呈现、案例论证、共赢结论 练习4 限制过度包装 论述限包装推动环保 政策分析、正反论证、观点明确 练习5 个人节约的意义 论述点滴节约价值 观点交锋、论证展开、行动号召 三、系列训练亮点与学习路径 教材同步 结构完整 表达可用 练习分层 评价促改 紧扣单元主题与体裁 从审题到修改形成闭环 词汇句型模板可迁移 五类情境训练不重复 对照标准自查修改 学习路径 定任务 → 明信息 → 学描写 → 写成篇 → 完成练习 → 修改提升 Unit 3 Conservation 议论文（单元同步写作讲义） 一、写作主题 单元主题： Conservation；生态保护、可持续发展 应用文体裁： 议论文（观点类） 写作任务： 围绕环境保护和物种保护问题撰写一篇观点类议论文，分析问题、阐明立场并提出可行的保护措施。 二、写作框架 部分 内容要点 标题（1行） 按题干使用已给标题，居中书写。 开头（1—2句） 引出议题，点明争议或问题，亮明观点。 主体（4—5句） 分析问题成因，用理由与事例论证立场；善用被动语态突出客观性，尝试让步、强调等高级句式。 结尾（1—2句） 重申观点，提出呼吁或建议。 三、写作词汇 核心单词 英文表达 中文释义 写作用途 conservation n. 保护 点明生态保护主题 destroy vt. 破坏；毁掉 描述环境问题 threat n. 威胁 分析问题严重性 extinct adj. 灭绝的，绝种的 说明物种危机 species n. 物种，种 泛指野生动物 endangered adj. 濒危的 描写物种处境 urgent adj. 紧急的，急迫的 强调行动紧迫 wasteful adj. 浪费的；挥霍的 批评过度消费 recycle vi. & vt. 再利用，回收利用 提出具体措施 aware adj. 意识到的，明白的 强调环保意识 主题短语 英文表达 中文释义 写作用途 die out 消失；绝迹，灭绝 描述物种消失 be to blame (对某事) 负有责任 分析责任归属 be at risk 处境危险，受到威胁 说明危机状态 do one's part 尽自己的职责 呼吁个人行动 sum up 概括，总结 结尾收束观点 核心词汇写作运用 词汇填空 1. Many wild animals are ________(濒危的) because their homes are being destroyed. 2. Plastic waste is a serious ________(威胁) to ocean life. 3. It is ________(紧急的) that we take action to protect the environment. 4. Humans are largely ________(负有责任) for the loss of wildlife. 5. We should ________(回收利用) plastic bottles instead of throwing them away. 句子翻译 1. 据报道，许多物种正因栖息地被破坏而濒临灭绝。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. 正是人类的活动应该对环境问题负有责任。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. 总而言之，只有当每个人都尽自己的一份力量，才能实现人与自然的和谐。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 四、写作句型 开头句 1. Nowadays, _______ has become a heated topic among people.（引出热议话题） 2. With _______ becoming increasingly serious, it is time we took action.（背景+紧迫感） 3. When it comes to _______, opinions vary from person to person.（引出争议话题） 中间句 1. It is widely believed that _______ is mainly caused by _______.（被动句式分析成因） 2. Take _______ for example, whose habitat has been destroyed by _______.（举例论证） 3. If nothing is done, more and more species will disappear forever.（条件句警示后果） 4. Measures should be taken to _______ before it is too late.（被动句式提出措施） 结尾句 1. To sum up, protecting the environment is protecting ourselves.（总结升华） 2. Only in this way can we build a greener and better future.（倒装句收束） 3. It is high time that we did our part for the planet.（虚拟语气呼吁行动） 五、写作模板 模板1：简洁标准版 _______（标题，按题干书写） Nowadays, _______(环保议题) has become a serious problem. In my opinion, we must protect the environment right now. The main reason is that _______(问题成因). If nothing is done, _______(后果). Therefore, we should _______(措施一) and _______(措施二). To sum up, everyone should do their part to protect our planet. 模板2：分层高分版 _______（标题，按题干书写） Nowadays, _______(环保议题) has become a heated topic. It is widely believed that immediate action is urgently needed, and I firmly believe that _______(观点). It is human activities that are largely to blame for _______(问题). Take _______(对象) for example, whose survival is being threatened by _______(原因). If nothing were done, _______(严重后果). Therefore, effective measures should be taken: stricter laws must be passed, and individuals should be encouraged to _______(具体行动). To sum up, only when everyone does their part can _______(美好愿景) be achieved. 六、典例精练 你校英文报正在开展“保护野生动物”主题征文。请你以 “Protect Wildlife, Protect Ourselves” 为题写一篇观点类议论文，分析野生动物面临的生存问题，阐明你的立场并提出可行的保护措施。 写作要点： 1. 分析野生动物面临的生存威胁。 2. 阐明保护野生动物的立场与理由。 3. 提出可行的保护措施并呼吁行动。 注意： 1. 词数80左右。 2. 标题已给出，不计入总词数。 Protect Wildlife, Protect Ourselves ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 七、拓展练习 练习1：论述"绿水青山就是金山银山"的发展理念（人与自然-环境保护） 你校英文报正在开展“绿色发展”主题征文。请你以 “Green Mountains Are Gold Mountains” 为题写一篇观点类议论文，论述“绿水青山就是金山银山”的发展理念。 写作要点： 1. 阐释该理念的基本内涵。 2. 结合事例论证绿色发展路径。 3. 表明立场并呼吁践行。 注意： 1. 词数80左右。 2. 标题已给出，不计入总词数。 Green Mountains Are Gold Mountains ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 练习2：论述人类应为野生动物让渡更多生存空间（人与自然-人与动植物） 你校英文报正在开展“人与自然”主题征文。请你以 “Making Room for Wildlife” 为题写一篇观点类议论文，论述人类是否应为野生动物让渡更多生存空间，分析冲突、阐明立场并提出平衡方案。 写作要点： 1. 分析人类活动与野生动物的冲突。 2. 阐明立场并论证让渡空间的必要性。 3. 提出人兽共处的平衡方案。 注意： 1. 词数80左右。 2. 标题已给出，不计入总词数。 Making Room for Wildlife ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 练习3：论述农业发展与生态保护能否共赢（人与社会-可持续农业） 你校英文报正在开展“可持续农业”主题征文。请你以 “Farming and Nature: A Win-Win” 为题写一篇观点类议论文，论述农业发展与生态保护能否实现共赢，用事例论证你的观点。 写作要点： 1. 呈现农业发展与生态保护的两难。 2. 用事例论证共赢路径。 3. 得出结论并提出建议。 注意： 1. 词数80左右。 2. 标题已给出，不计入总词数。 Farming and Nature: A Win-Win ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 练习4：论述限制过度包装能否有效推动环保（人与社会-市场与经济） 你校英文报正在开展“绿色消费”主题征文。请你以 “Less Packaging, Greener Life” 为题写一篇观点类议论文，论述限制过度包装能否有效推动环保，分析政策、正反论证并表明立场。 写作要点： 1. 分析过度包装的现状与问题。 2. 正反论证限制过度包装的效果。 3. 表明立场并倡导绿色消费。 注意： 1. 词数80左右。 2. 标题已给出，不计入总词数。 Less Packaging, Greener Life ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 练习5：论述个人点滴节约对全球环保的意义（人与自我-节约意识） 你校英文报正在开展“个人与环保”主题征文。请你以 “Small Acts, Big Impact” 为题写一篇观点类议论文，回应“个人节约无用论”，论述个人点滴节约对全球环保的意义。 写作要点： 1. 呈现“个人节约无用”的错误观点。 2. 论证个人行动的累积意义。 3. 发出行动号召。 注意： 1. 词数80左右。 2. 标题已给出，不计入总词数。 Small Acts, Big Impact ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 八、写作评价表 评价维度 分值 自评 同伴评 评价说明 结构 Structure 3分 ____ / 3 ____ / 3 标题、开头、论证、结尾安排合理，议论文结构完整。 内容 Content 6分 ____ / 6 ____ / 6 覆盖问题分析、立场论证和措施建议，论证具体有力。 语言 Language 4分 ____ / 4 ____ / 4 能运用被动语态和高级句式，准确使用本单元核心词汇。 书写 Handwriting 2分 ____ / 2 ____ / 2 格式规范，段落清楚，拼写、大小写和标点正确。 总分 Total 15分 ____ / 15 ____ / 15 综合评价结构、内容、语言和书写整体表现。 自我反思与改进 我最需要改进的一项：□结构 □内容 □语言 □书写 具体改进计划：________________________ 评分参考 满分15分；13—15优秀；10—12达标；7—9需修改；6分及以下建议重写。 3 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 3 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $