Unit 6语法讲义2026-2027学年人教版英语八年级下册

该初中英语讲义通过知识框架系统梳理了Unit 6核心语法，涵盖过去进行时的定义、结构、时间标志词，其与一般过去时的用法对比，when/while引导时间状语从句的区别及主从句动作特点，以及短暂性动词的特点与延续性转化，并用对比表格呈现易混点，清晰展现知识内在联系。 讲义亮点在于练习设计分层且针对性强，如单项选择第5题考查短暂性动词转化，填空题第5题结合过去时与现在完成时，培养学生语言运用和逻辑思维能力。“when后可长亦可短”等口诀助力方法掌握，不同题型满足分层需求，既支持学生自主复习，也为教师精准教学提供有效工具。

英语人教版八年级下册Unit 6语法讲义 一、过去进行时（was/were doing） 1、定义 ①过去某时刻正在进行的动作（那时那刻） ②过去某时段正在进行的动作（那阶段） 2、结构 ①肯定句：主 + was/were doing + 其他. ②否定句：主 + was/were not doing + 其他. ③一般疑问句：Was/Were + 主 + doing + 其他？ 肯定回答：Yes, 主 + was/were. 否定回答：No, 主 + wasn’t/weren’t. ④特殊疑问句：When/What/Why/How/Where + Was/Were + 主语 + doing？ 3、时间标志词 那时那刻：then / at that time yesterday / at that moment / at 7:00 yesterday 那阶段：from 7:00 to 8:00 yesterday 4、过去进行时与一般过去时用法比较 过去进行时：表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作；可表示动作的未完成性。 例：They were planting trees yesterday. 翻译：昨天他们一直在植树（强调昨天一天一直在植树，动作不一定结束） 一般过去时：表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，强调动作已经结束。 例：They planted trees yesterday. 翻译：昨天他们植树了。（强调昨天植了树，动作已结束） 二、when和while引导时间状语从句 1、when 和 while 的区别 while（在……期间）+延续性动作 when（当……时）+延续性动作 / 短暂性动作 延续性动作 → 动作可持续 → 过去进行时 短暂性动作 → 动作发生即结束 → 一般过去时 while + 过去进行时 when + 过去进行时 / 一般过去时 两个动作都可持续，用while ①When my neighbour called, my family were having dinner.（called是短暂性动词） ②When/While my family were having dinner, my neighbour called.（have dinner是延续性动词） ③I was doing some chores while my mother was preparing lunch.（两个延续性动词） ④When I opened the door, the cat ran out.（opened是短暂性动词） 口诀：when后可长亦可短，while之后只可长，若是主从都为长，while来把纽带当。 2、主从句动作特点 While强调主从句两个动作同时发生。 when主从句动作可以同时发生也可以先后发生。 三、短暂性动词 特点：动作发生即结束，不能持续；不能放在while后；只能和时间点连用，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。 常见短暂性动词： call (给…)打电话，start开始，hit击,打,撞击 break (使)破裂，begin开始，open打开 close关闭，finish完成，end结束 arrive, reach, get to come, go, return buy, sell, borrow, lend die, leave, join knock, drop, meet stop, lose, fall, wake up, marry 短暂性动词转化为延续性动词 ①die → be dead ②leave → be away ③borrow → keep ④buy → have ⑤join → be in / be a member of ⑥begin/start → be on ⑦finish → be over ⑧close → be closed ⑨open → be open ⑩become → be ⑪get married → be married ⑫fall asleep → be asleep --- 配套练习题 一、单项选择 1. I ____ a shower at 8 o’clock last night. A. take B. took C. was taking D. am taking 2. My father was reading newspapers ____ my mother was cooking. A. when B. while C. as soon as D. until 3. The rain began to fall ____ we were walking home. A. while B. when C. since D. after 4. When the teacher came in, we ____. A. talk B. talked C. were talking D. are talking 5. He ____ for two years. A. died B. has died C. has been dead D. die 6. I ____ my homework at that time yesterday. A. am doing B. did C. was doing D. do 7. ____ she was watching TV, her sister slept. A. When B. While C. As D. Before 8. —What ____ you ____ at 9:00 last Sunday? —I was reading a book. A. do; do B. did; do C. were; doing D. are; doing 二、用所给动词适当形式填空 1. It ____ (rain) at this time yesterday. 2. They ____ (play) basketball from 4 to 5 yesterday afternoon. 3. When I saw him, he ____ (draw) a picture. 4. While she ____ (cook), her husband came back. 5. He ____ (leave) here two hours ago. He ____ (be) away for two hours. 三、用when / while填空 1. ____ my mother was cleaning the room, I was doing my homework. 2. I met an old friend ____ I walked along the street. 3. ____ the bell rang, we were having class. 4. ____ Tom was reading, Lily was writing. 四、句型转换 1. I was reading books at 7:00 yesterday.（改为一般疑问句） ________________________________________________ 2. They were playing soccer when it began to rain.（对划线部分提问） ________________________________________________ 参考答案 一、单项选择 1. C at 8 o’clock last night是过去具体时刻，用过去进行时 2. B 主从句都是延续性动作，用while 3. B 主句短暂动作，从句延续动作，用when 4. C when引导时间状语从句，短暂动作发生时，另一个动作正在进行 5. C for two years是一段时间，要用延续性be dead 6. C at that time yesterday 过去进行时标志 7. B 从句延续性动作，用While 8. C last Sunday 9点，过去某时刻正在做，过去进行时 二、用所给动词适当形式填空 1. was raining 2. were playing 3. was drawing 4. was cooking 5. left; has been 三、用when / while填空 1. While 2. when 3. When 4. While 四、句型转换 1. Were you reading books at 7:00 yesterday? 2. What were they doing when it began to rain? 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $