Unit 6语法讲义2026-2027学年人教版英语八年级下册
英语人教版八年级下册Unit 6语法讲义
一、过去进行时(was/were doing)
1、定义
①过去某时刻正在进行的动作(那时那刻)
②过去某时段正在进行的动作(那阶段)
2、结构
①肯定句:主 + was/were doing + 其他.
②否定句:主 + was/were not doing + 其他.
③一般疑问句:Was/Were + 主 + doing + 其他?
肯定回答:Yes, 主 + was/were. 否定回答:No, 主 + wasn’t/weren’t.
④特殊疑问句:When/What/Why/How/Where + Was/Were + 主语 + doing?
3、时间标志词
那时那刻:then / at that time yesterday / at that moment / at 7:00 yesterday
那阶段:from 7:00 to 8:00 yesterday
4、过去进行时与一般过去时用法比较
过去进行时:表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作;可表示动作的未完成性。
例:They were planting trees yesterday.
翻译:昨天他们一直在植树(强调昨天一天一直在植树,动作不一定结束)
一般过去时:表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,强调动作已经结束。
例:They planted trees yesterday.
翻译:昨天他们植树了。(强调昨天植了树,动作已结束)
二、when和while引导时间状语从句
1、when 和 while 的区别
while(在……期间)+延续性动作
when(当……时)+延续性动作 / 短暂性动作
延续性动作 → 动作可持续 → 过去进行时
短暂性动作 → 动作发生即结束 → 一般过去时
while + 过去进行时
when + 过去进行时 / 一般过去时
两个动作都可持续,用while
①When my neighbour called, my family were having dinner.(called是短暂性动词)
②When/While my family were having dinner, my neighbour called.(have dinner是延续性动词)
③I was doing some chores while my mother was preparing lunch.(两个延续性动词)
④When I opened the door, the cat ran out.(opened是短暂性动词)
口诀:when后可长亦可短,while之后只可长,若是主从都为长,while来把纽带当。
2、主从句动作特点
While强调主从句两个动作同时发生。
when主从句动作可以同时发生也可以先后发生。
三、短暂性动词
特点:动作发生即结束,不能持续;不能放在while后;只能和时间点连用,不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。
常见短暂性动词:
call (给…)打电话,start开始,hit击,打,撞击
break (使)破裂,begin开始,open打开
close关闭,finish完成,end结束
arrive, reach, get to
come, go, return
buy, sell, borrow, lend
die, leave, join
knock, drop, meet
stop, lose, fall, wake up, marry
志
7. B 从句延续性动作,用While
8. C last Sunday 9点,过去某时刻正在做,过去进行时
二、用所给动词适当形式填空
1. was raining
2. were playing
3. was drawing
4. was cooking
5. left; has been
三、用when / while填空
1. While
2. when
3. When
4. While
四、句型转换
1. Were you reading books at 7:00 yesterday?
2. What were they doing when it began to rain?