Unit 1语法—动词不定式to do讲义2026-2027学年人教版英语八年级下册

本初中英语讲义聚焦动词不定式to do这一核心语法点，系统梳理其构成（肯定式to+动词原形、否定式not to do）及作目的状语、宾补、宾语、主语、表语、后置定语和“疑问词+to do”结构的用法，搭建从基础构成到多样功能的学习支架。 资料以口诀（如“一感二听三让四看半个帮助”）辅助记忆宾补用法，配套单选、填空等多样化练习题，通过实例分析提升语言能力，在用法辨析中培养思维品质，课中助力教师系统授课，课后帮助学生巩固练习、查漏补缺。

英语人教版八年级下册Unit 1语法讲义——动词不定式to do 一、动词不定式的构成 肯定结构：to + 动词原形 → to do - 没有人称和数的变化 - 属于非谓语形式 否定结构：not to do 二、动词不定式的用法 to do在句中可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、状语、表语、后置定语。 1、to do 作目的状语 常用结构：主句 + to do sth（不定式放句末，无逗号） 例：I got up early this morning to catch the bus. 强调结构：To do sth, 句子.（不定式放句首，后加逗号） 例：To relax, Chen Jie plays the flute in her free time. 2、to do 作宾补 结构：V + sb/sth + to do sth 用来补充说明宾语所做的动作。 常用动词：tell, ask, want, teach, promise, wish, invite, allow, encourage, want/would like, expect, advise 等 + sb to do sth 例：My mother asks me to clean my room. 特殊：不带to（省略to）的不定式作宾补 结构：V + sb/sth + do sth 口诀：一感feel；二听hear / listen；三让let / make / have；四看look / see / notice / watch；半个帮助help sb (to) do sth 例：I saw my mother paint. 3、to do 作宾语 结构：V + to do sth 接在表示“计划、决定、想要”等动词后，作该动词的宾语。 常接动词不定式作宾语的动词： 想要、拒绝、忘记（want, refuse, forget） 需要、努力、学习（need, try, learn） 选择、同意、帮助（choose, agree, help） 希望、决定、开始（hope/wish/expect, decide, begin/start） 特殊：不定式to do作真正的宾语 结构：Sb find / feel / think / make / consider it adj/n to do sth 例：I find it really difficult to play the violin. 4、to do 作主语 例：To learn English well is important for us. ⇒ It is important for us to learn English well. It为形式主语，to learn English well是真正的主语。 固定句型：It is adj (for sb) to do sth. 5、to do 作表语（主语常为dream, job, hobby等） 例：My hobby is to swim. 6、“疑问词 + to do”结构 例：My grandmother taught me how to write it. 7、to do 作后置定语 例：a good way to do sth 例：a perfect place to do sth 例：Would you like something to drink? --- 配套练习题 一、单项选择 1. My mother tells me ____ late for school. A. not be B. not to be C. don’t be D. won’t be 2. I hope ____ a doctor in the future. A. be B. to be C. being D. been 3. It’s important for us ____ English every day. A. practice B. practicing C. to practice D. practiced 4. She made me ____ the housework on Sunday. A. do B. to do C. doing D. done 5. I have a lot of homework ____ tonight. A. do B. doing C. to do D. did 6. —Why did you get up so early? —____ catch the first bus. A. For B. To C. So D. With 7. He wants to know ____ use the new machine. A. how to B. what to C. where to D. who to 8. I find it hard ____ this problem. A. solve B. to solve C. solving D. solved 二、用所给动词适当形式填空 1. She decides ____ (visit) her grandma this weekend. 2. Our teacher encourages us ____ (read) more books. 3. I saw him ____ (enter) the classroom just now. 4. It’s necessary ____ (take) exercise every day. 5. Do you have anything ____ (say) about this question? 三、句型转换 1. To finish the work in two days is difficult.（改为it作形式主语） ________________________________________________ 2. He wants to learn English well.（对划线部分提问） ________________________________________________ 四、改错 1. My hobby is swim. ________________________________________________ 2. He asked me don’t to run in the hallway. ________________________________________________ 参考答案 一、单项选择 1. B tell sb not to do sth 告诉某人不要做某事 2. B hope to do sth 希望做某事 3. C It is +adj +for sb to do sth 固定句型 4. A make sb do sth，省略to 5. C to do作后置定语 6. B to do表目的 7. A how to use 如何使用 8. B find it +adj +to do，it作形式宾语 二、用所给动词适当形式填空 1. to visit 2. to read 3. enter 4. to take 5. to say 三、句型转换 1. It is difficult to finish the work in two days. 2. What does he want to do? 四、改错 1. swim → to swim（不定式作表语） 2. don’t to → not to（ask sb not to do sth） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $