Unit 3 Section B 1a-1e （课时分层练）英语新教材人教版八年级上册

**基本信息** 本初中英语同步练通过A组巩固、B组进阶、C组拔高及中考拓展的四层设计，实现从词汇句型到语篇应用的知识巩固路径，适配新授课分层教学需求，兼顾语言能力与思维品质培养。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |A组|基础词汇（拼写）、基础句型（完成句子）、基础语法（单选）|聚焦单元核心词汇（如“诚实的”“镜子”）和基础句型转换，夯实语言能力基础| |B组|语篇综合应用（选词填空、完形填空）|通过友谊主题语篇（如完形填空Fiona的故事）综合运用词汇语法，培养语篇理解能力| |C组|阅读能力（单选、还原、问答）|设置不同类型阅读任务（如B篇推断词义、阅读问答概括信息），提升思维品质| |拓展|中考真题对接|选用2024凉山州中考题，融入古诗文化（如王维《送别》），体现文化意识与中考适应性|

Unit 3 Section B 1a-1e A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 拓展 链接中考 一、单词拼写 1. It’s important to be 　　　　　　　　 (诚实的) with your friends and family members. 【答案】honest 【解析】句意：对朋友和家人诚实是很重要的。句中使用了固定句型It’s important to be +形容词+ with sb.，意为“对某人……是很重要的”；空处需要填入形容词，“诚实的”对应的英文单词为honest。 2. She looked into the 　　　　　　　　 (镜子) before leaving the house. 【答案】mirror 【解析】句意：她出门前照了照镜子。根据汉语提示可知，“镜子”对应的英文单词是“mirror”，可数名词。此处指照一面镜子，应用单数形式mirror。 3. In my free time, I like watching football 　　　　　　　　 on TV. (比赛) 【答案】matches 【解析】句意：在我的空闲时间，我喜欢在电视上看足球比赛。match比赛，此前无冠词修饰，表示复数含义，使用名词复数形式，故填matches。 4. You can have a d　　　　　　　　 (直接的) video call to discuss the group project. 【答案】direct##irect 【解析】句意：你可以进行直接的视频通话来讨论小组项目。 根据首字母和汉语提示可知，此处应填形容词direct，意为“直接的”，此处作定语。故填direct。 5. We discussed several s　　　　　　　　 (相似之处) between these two English novels in class. 【答案】similarities##imilarities 【解析】句意：我们在课堂上讨论了这两部英文小说的几处相似之处。similarity“相似之处”，根据“several”可知，此处用复数形式similarities。故填similarities。 6. The two brothers look a　　　　　　　　 (相像的), but they have totally different hobbies. 【答案】alike##like 【解析】句意：这两兄弟看起来相像，但他们有着完全不同的爱好。结合首字母“a”和中文提示“相像的”可知，此处填alike。“alike”是形容词，意为“相像的，相似的”，在句中作表语，“look alike”表示“看起来相像”。 7. My favourite sport is b　　　　　　　　, and I play it with my friend every weekend. 【答案】badminton##adminton 【解析】句意：我最喜欢的运动是羽毛球，我每个周末都和朋友一起打。根据首字母提示和“sport”可知，以b开头的运动项目且常与朋友周末进行，badminton“羽毛球”符合语境。 8. I am less s　　　　　　　　 than he is. 【答案】straightforward##traightforward 【解析】句意：我不如他坦率。句中“less...than”为比较级结构，表示“不如……”，中间需填形容词原级。根据教材原文“I am less straightforward than he is, but I am glad to…”可知，填straightforward，意为“坦率的”。 9. I like different kinds of classic 　　　　　　　　. (novel) 【答案】novels 【解析】句意：我喜欢各种各样的经典小说。novel“小说”，此处被different kinds of修饰，表示泛指多部小说，应使用复数形式novels。故填novels。 10. The only 　　　　　　　　 (different) between the two phones is their colour. 【答案】difference 【解析】句意：这两部手机唯一的不同之处就是它们的颜色。句中“The only”后接名词，different是形容词，意为“不同的”，其名词形式为difference；The only后常接可数名词单数。 二、完成句子 1. 我认为数学没有英语那样有趣。 I think math is 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 than English. 【答案】① less    ② interesting 【解析】原句中“没有英语那样有趣”是关键词，“有趣的”是interesting，要表达“不如……有趣”，需用副词less修饰多音节形容词原级，构成less interesting than。 2. 建立一段牢固且健康的友谊并非易事。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 not easy. 【答案】Building a strong and healthy friendship is 【解析】build“建立”；strong and healthy“牢固且健康的”；friendship“友谊”，此处用动名词作主语，be动词用is。故填Building a strong and healthy friendship is。 3. 她也很有幽默感。 She has a great 　　　　　　　　of humour too. 【答案】sense 【解析】原句中“感觉”是关键词，sense意为“感觉”，可数名词，a后接单数可数名词，所以填sense。 4. 多亏了你的帮助，我们得以按时完成了这项工作。 　　　　　　, we finished the work on time. 【答案】Thanks to your help 【解析】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺少“多亏了你的帮助”，thanks to“多亏”，固定短语，句首单词首字母大写；your help“你的帮助”，作宾语。故填Thanks to your help。 5. 我在数学考试中犯了一个错误，不得不改正。 I 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 in my math exam and had to correct it. 【答案】① made    ② a    ③ mistake 【解析】原句中“犯了一个错误”是关键词，表示“犯错误”的固定短语是make a mistake，根据并列句中“had to”可知句子时态为一般过去时，make需变为过去式made，made a mistake在句中作谓语。 6. 我认为我们应该尊重彼此的差异，并互相学习。    I think we should 　　　　　　　　 each other’s 　　　　　　　　 and learn from each other. 【答案】① respect    ② differences 【解析】原句中“尊重”和“差异”是关键词，“尊重”常见英文表达为“respect”，情态动词should后接动词原形，所以第一空填“respect”；“差异”常见英文表述为“difference”，此处表示彼此的多种差异，需用复数形式“differences”，所以第二空填“differences”。 7. Diana is becoming more outgoing because of her friend. 一般疑问句：　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 肯定回答：　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 否定回答：　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 【答案】① Is Diana becoming more outgoing because of her friend?    ② Yes, she is.    ③ No, she isn’t. 【解析】句意：戴安娜因为她的朋友变得更外向了。原句是现在进行时，结构为“be + doing”，变为一般疑问句时，需将be动词（is）提到句首，首字母大写，句末改问号。主语Diana是女性，在回答时需用代词she代替。肯定回答结构为“Yes, 主语 + is.”，否定回答结构为“No, 主语 + isn’t.”。故填Is Diana becoming more outgoing because of her friend?；Yes, she is.；No, she isn’t.。 三、单项选择 1. —What do you think of Mr. Xu? —He has a sense of ________. He is good at telling funny stories. A. interest B. personality C. humour D. similarity 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——你觉得徐先生怎么样？——他有幽默感。他擅长讲有趣的故事。 考查名词辨析。interest兴趣；personality个性；humour幽默；similarity相似性。根据“He is good at telling funny stories.”可知，他擅长讲有趣的故事，这体现了他具备“幽默感”，C项符合。故选C。 2. —In my ________, traveling is one of the best ways to know different cultures. —I agree with you. A. truth B. note C. praise D. opinion 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——在我看来，旅行是了解不同文化的最好方式之一。——我同意你的看法。 考查名词辨析。truth真相；note笔记；praise赞扬；opinion观点。根据语境可知，此处是在表达“在我看来，旅行是了解不同文化的最好方式之一”，所以应该用opinion。in one’s opinion是固定短语，意为“在某人看来”。故选D。 3. —I’m ________ in what ________ you. —Well, don’t follow suit. Just do what you like. A. interesting; interests B. interested; interests C. interest; interests D. interest; interesting 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——我对你感兴趣的东西感兴趣。——好吧，不要效仿他人。你喜欢做什么就做什么。 考查词义辨析和主谓一致。interesting有趣的；interested感兴趣的；interest兴趣/使感兴趣。根据“be interested in sth”结构，表示“对某事物感兴趣”，可知第一空应填形容词“interested”；第二空缺少动词，句子为一般现在时，由“what”可知，应用动词三单形式“interests”。故选B。 4. This story is ________ one of the most moving stories I have ever read. A. kind of B. kinds of C. a kind of D. kind 【答案】A 【解析】句意：这个故事算是我读过最感人的故事之一。 kind of有点儿，可以说是；kinds of各种各样的；a kind of一种；kind种类，善良的。该句表示这个故事算是我读过最感人的故事之一，应用kind of。 5. You need to ________ more if you want to sing well. A. solve B. practise C. realize D. mind 【答案】B 【解析】句意：如果你想唱得好，你需要多练习。 solve解决；practise练习；realize意识到；mind介意。根据“if you want to sing well”可知，要想唱得好，是需要多练习的。故填practise。 一、选词填空 A. 根据短文内容，从方框中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 play; same; like; help; have; at; names; eat; kind Kate and Ann are good friends. They can sing. They 　　　1　　　 swimming. Kate likes English very much. Ann likes maths. They are in China now. They go to school five days a week. They 　　　2　　　 ping-pong on Thursday. They are 　　　3　　　 home on Sundays. They 　　　4　　　 two Chinese friends. Their 　　　5　　　 are Li Hua and Wang Lei. They are all in the 　　　6　　　 class. They like their school. They like China. They say, “The Chinese people are very 　　　7　　　. The food is good, too.” 【答案】1. like     2. play     3. at     4. have     5. names     6. same     7. kind      【解析】本文介绍了凯特和安在中国的生活、学习及兴趣爱好。 (1)题： 句意：她们喜欢游泳。空处作谓语，描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语“They”为复数，谓语动词用原形；上文提到“They can sing.”，下文提到“Kate likes English very much. Ann likes maths.”，都是在介绍她们的喜好，因此此处也应是表达“喜欢”游泳，like符合“兴趣爱好”的语境。 (2)题： 句意：她们在星期四打乒乓球。空处作谓语，描述日常活动，用一般现在时，主语“They”为复数，谓语动词用原形；play ping-pong意为“打乒乓球”，是固定表达，play符合语境。 (3)题： 句意：星期天她们在家。空格后为“home”，与备选词at一起构成固定短语“at home”，意为“在家”。 (4)题： 句意：她们有两个中国朋友。空格处作谓语，描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语“They”为复数，谓语动词用原形；have意为“有”，是动词原形，符合“拥有朋友”的语境。 (5)题： 句意：他们的名字是李华和王磊。空格处作主语，需填名词复数；结合下文“Li Hua and Wang Lei”可知，这是两个朋友的“名字”，name的复数names符合“介绍姓名”的语境。 (6)题： 句意：他们都在同一个班级。空格处修饰名词“class”，需填形容词；结合备选词汇和“all in the...class”可知，凯特、安以及他们的中国朋友都在“同一个”班级，same意为“相同的”，符合语境。 (7)题： 句意：中国人民非常友好。空格处位于系动词“are”之后作表语，需填形容词；上文提到“They like China.”，下文是他们对中国的评价，结合常识和对中国文化的正面描述，kind意为“友善的、友好的”，符合“对中国人的评价”的语境。 B. 根据语篇内容，从方框中选择恰当的单词，并用其正确形式填空。将单词填写在对应的横线上。每个单词只能用一次。 studying;   teach;   different;   mirror;   necessary;   good;   serious;   reach;   grade;   have What does a friend mean to you? For Dave, he thinks a good friend is like a 　　　　1　　　　. He is quieter and more 　　　　2　　　　 than most kids. He studies hardest in his class. His best friend is quiet, too. So they enjoy 　　　　3　　　　 together. Though it’s not easy for him to make friends, he doesn’t think it’s 　　　　4　　　　 to have a lot of friends. Tara thinks a true friend can 　　　　5　　　　 for her hand and touch her heart. Her best friend is a kind and funny girl. Tara was not happy last week, so her friend took her to a restaurant and they 　　　　6　　　　 a big meal. The delicious food made Tara feel 　　　　7　　　　. Tara’s friend cares about her and always knows how to make her happy. He Liang’s best friend is Han Gang. They are quite 　　　　8　　　　 from each other. He Liang is good at sports and more outgoing, but Han Gang is good at studies. Han Gang always gets better 　　　　9　　　　. He often helps He Liang with his homework. He Liang 　　　　10　　　　 Han Gang to swim and play basketball. 【答案】1. mirror     2. serious     3. studying     4. necessary     5. reach     6. had     7. better     8. different     9. grades     10. teaches      【解析】本文是说明文。主要介绍了Dave、Tara、何亮三位同学对于好朋友的不同理解与各自的交友经历，展现了友谊的不同形态与意义。 (1)题： 句意：对戴夫来说，他认为一个好朋友就像一面镜子。根据冠词a可知，此处需填可数名词单数，结合所给单词，mirror“镜子”符合“be like”的比喻语境，将好友比作镜子。故填mirror。 (2)题： 句意：他比大多数孩子更文静、更严肃。由and前的quieter以及more可知，此处需填多音节形容词原级构成比较级，备选词serious“严肃的、认真的”符合描述性格的语境，与quieter并列。故填serious。 (3)题： 句意：所以他们喜欢一起学习。enjoy后接动名词作宾语，根据前文“He studies hardest in his class.”以及所给词汇，备选词studying“学习”符合enjoy doing sth.的用法与语境。故填studying。 (4)题： 句意：虽然对他来说交朋友不容易，但他认为没有必要有很多朋友。此处为it's+adj.+to do sth.句型，需填形容词，备选词necessary“必要的”符合句意，表达不需要很多朋友的观点。故填necessary。 (5)题： 句意：塔拉认为真正的朋友能向她伸出手，触动她的心灵。情态动词can后接动词原形，reach for one’s hand是固定搭配，意为“伸出手”，备选词reach符合语法与固定搭配要求。故填reach。 (6)题： 句意：塔拉上周不开心，所以她的朋友带她去了一家餐馆，他们吃了一顿大餐。根据前半句的was、took可知句子为一般过去时，have a big meal表示“吃大餐”，备选词have的过去式had符合时态与语境。故填had。 (7)题： 句意：美味的食物让塔拉感觉好多了。feel为系动词，后接形容词，结合语境，此处是和之前不开心的状态对比，备选词good的比较级better“更好的”符合语境。故填better。 (8)题： 句意：他们彼此相当不同。be different from为固定短语，意为“与……不同”，备选词different符合固定搭配与句意。故填different。 (9)题： 句意：韩刚总是取得更好的成绩。get good grades为固定短语，意为“取得好成绩”，此处用better修饰，备选词grade的复数形式grades符合语境。故填grades。 (10)题： 句意：何亮教韩刚游泳和打篮球。句子为一般现在时，主语He Liang为第三人称单数，谓语动词需用三单形式，备选词teach的第三人称单数teaches符合语法与“教某人做某事”的语境。故填teaches。 二、完形填空 Fiona is a popular girl at school. She is　　　　1　　　　 to everyone. She invites all her classmates to her birthday party and often gives gifts to them. With so many 　　　　2　　　　, she doesn’t have enough time for anyone. She just feels very happy because no one at school has more friends than her. But she feels 　　　　3　　　　 on Friendship Day. It’s a 　　　　4　　　　 for friends to share gifts. No one gives gifts to Fiona! No one thinks Fiona is his or her good friend! She 　　　　5　　　　. Everyone comes to her, but they only stay for a short time and then leave. That’s what Fiona often does. “Mum, 　　　　6　　　　 can I find good friends?” Fiona asks her mother at night. “Oh, my dear, it’s not 　　　　7　　　　,” answers her mother. “You can’t make good friends with just a smile or some good words. You should spend more 　　　　8　　　　 with them. You must always be there, in good times and bad times.” “But I want to be everyone’s good friend!” Fiona says. “My dear, you’re a lovely girl, but you can’t be a good friend to everyone. It’s enough to have two or three good friends. You can always 　　　　9　　　　 and look after each other,” says her mother. After the talk, Fiona understands what 　　　　10　　　　 is. 1. A. friendly B. ugly C. smart D. difficult 2. A. gifts B. teachers C. parties D. friends 3. A. lucky B. unhappy C. peaceful D. glad 4. A. subject B. place C. dinner D. festival 5. A. leaves B. comes C. smiles D. cries 6. A. how B. where C. why D. when 7. A. possible B. important C. easy D. clear 8. A. love B. time C. money D. trust 9. A. hold on B. look at C. depend on D. blow away 10. A. progress B. friendship C. spirit D. energy 【答案】1. A     2. D     3. B     4. D     5. D     6. A     7. C     8. B     9. C     10. B      【解析】本文讲述了女孩Fiona在学校很受欢迎，她对大家友善，靠送礼物收获很多朋友，但友谊日却没人给她送礼物。她向妈妈求助，妈妈告诉她真正的友谊不是靠礼物和甜言蜜语，而是投入时间，患难与共，不必和所有人成为挚友，两三个知心好友就足够，听完之后Fiona懂得了友谊的真正含义。 (1)题： 句意：她对每个人都很友好。 根据原文“Fiona is a popular girl at school.”以及后文“She invites all her classmates to her birthday party and often gives gifts to them”，能看出Fiona待人友善，friendly意为“友好的”，符合题意。ugly“丑陋的”、smart“聪明的”、difficult“困难的”，不符合她受人欢迎的人设。 (2)题： 句意：拥有这么多朋友，她没有足够时间分给任何人。 根据后文“because no one at school has more friends than her”，此处在说她拥有很多朋友，friends意为“朋友”，符合题意。gifts“礼物”、teachers“老师”、parties“派对”，和后文“has more friends than her”线索不对应。 (3)题： 句意：但是在友谊日这天她感到不开心。 根据后文“No one gives gifts to Fiona! No one thinks Fiona is his or her good friend!”，没有人把她当作好朋友，由此推断她心情低落，unhappy意为“不开心的”，符合题意。lucky“幸运的”、peaceful“平静的”、glad“高兴的”，和原文负面处境矛盾。 (4)题： 句意：这是一个朋友们互赠礼物的节日。 根据前文“on Friendship Day”，Friendship Day是一个节日，festival意为“节日”，符合题意。subject“学科”、place“地点”、dinner“晚餐”，不能指代Friendship Day。 (5)题： 句意：她哭了。 结合前文"She feels unhappy"及无人送礼的语境，cries“哭泣”更符合语境。smiles“微笑”，leaves“离开”、comes“到来”，和后文逻辑冲突。 (6)题： 句意：妈妈，我怎样才能找到好朋友？ Fiona遭遇交友困境，向妈妈询问找到好朋友的方式，how意为“怎样，如何”，询问方式方法。where“哪里”、why“为什么”、when“什么时候”，不符合问句想要表达的含义。 (7)题： 句意：哦，亲爱的，那并不容易。 根据后文“You can’t make good friends with just a smile or some good words”，只靠微笑和美言交不到挚友，说明交到好朋友这件事并不简单，easy意为“容易的”，符合题意。possible“可能的”、important“重要的”、clear“清楚的”，不符合语境推导。 (8)题： 句意：你应该花更多时间陪伴他们。 根据上文“she doesn’t have enough time for anyone”，前文提到她缺少时间分给别人，妈妈给出对应建议，要投入更多时间，time意为“时间”，符合题意。love“爱”、money“金钱”、trust“信任”，和前文时间线索不呼应。 (9)题： 句意：你们可以互相依靠、互相照顾。 根据后文“and look after each other”，and连接并列含义，depend on意为“依靠”，和互相照顾语义匹配。hold on“坚持；别挂断”、look at“看”、blow away“吹走”，不符合朋友之间的相处状态。 (10)题： 句意：交谈过后，Fiona明白了友谊是什么。 整篇文章围绕交友、友谊日展开，对话结束，她理解了“友谊”的真谛，填friendship。progress“进步”、spirit“精神”、energy“精力”，偏离文章主题。 一、阅读单选 A篇 阅读1b，回答下面问题。 1. Who is outgoing, Diana or Yuan Lei? A. Diana. B. Yuan Lei. C. We don’t know. 2. Who plays badminton better than Matt does? A. Stephen. B. Diana. C. Zhang Yong. 3. What can we know from the passage? A. Matt likes people who are different from him. B. Diana is a shy girl. C. Friends should be the same. 【答案】1. B     2. A     3. B      【解析】这是一篇讨论帖，Tom发起“朋友应该相似还是不同”的话题，Matt和Diana分别分享了自己与朋友的相处例子，表达了对“朋友异同”的看法。 (1)题： 细节理解题。根据Diana的内容“For example, I am kind of shy, but my best friend, Yuan Lei, is outgoing.”可推知，袁磊是外向的。故选B。 (2)题： 细节理解题。根据Matt的内容“He plays badminton better than I do, so he always wins our matches.”，此处He指代Matt的朋友Stephen，可知Stephen的羽毛球比Matt打得好。故选A。 (3)题： 细节理解题。根据Diana的内容“I am kind of shy”，可知Diana是个害羞的女孩。故选B。 B篇 What is a true friend? True friends are not just people to have fun with. They are like mirrors that help us see ourselves more clearly. They stay with us through both good and bad times. My best friend is Lily. We have a lot in common. We both enjoy reading novels and listening to music. However, we are also very different. I am shy and quiet, but Lily is outgoing. She always encourages me to try new things. Thanks to her, I joined the school singing club. I was nervous at first, but she said, “Don’t be afraid to make a mistake. Just be honest with your feelings.” Her words gave me confidence. Last month, I was sick and missed a week of school. Lily called me every day. She told me interesting jokes to make me laugh. She also took straightforward notes for me. When I went back to school, she helped me with all the missed lessons. I was truly thankful for her friendship. A true friend understands you, helps you, and makes you a better person. 1. What do the writer and Lily have in common? A. They are both outgoing. B. They both enjoy reading novels and listening to music. C. They both like singing. D. They are both shy and quiet. 2. The underlined word “encourages” probably means ________. A. laughs at someone’s ideas B. stops someone from doing something C. helps someone feel brave to do something D. asks someone to do something 3. What can we infer (推断) from Lily’s help when the writer was sick? A. Lily is a caring and helpful friend. B. Lily is a very busy person. C. The writer is not good at taking notes. D. Lily wanted the writer to finish the homework quickly. 4. Why was the writer nervous about joining the singing club? A. Because she didn’t like singing. B. Because she was afraid of making mistakes. C. Because Lily didn’t go with her. D. Because she had no time for it. 5. What is the main idea of the passage? A. How to make new friends at school. B. Why it is important to share hobbies with friends. C. The differences between the writer and her friend. D. What true friendship means through an example. 【答案】1. B     2. C     3. A     4. B     5. D      【解析】本文主要介绍了作者对真正的朋友的看法，并以自己和好友Lily为例，介绍了Lily在各方面对作者的帮助。 (1)题： 细节理解题。根据“We both enjoy reading novels and listening to music.”可知作者和Lily都喜欢看小说和听音乐。故选B。 (2)题： 词句猜测题。根据“I joined the school singing club. I was nervous at first, but she said, ‘Don’t be afraid to make a mistake. Just be honest with your feelings.’ Her words gave me confidence.”可知作者一开始很紧张，Lily的话给了作者信心，说明Lily是鼓励作者，即帮助作者有勇气去做某事。故选C。 (3)题： 推理判断题。根据“Last month, I was sick and missed a week of school. Lily called me every day. She told me interesting jokes to make me laugh. She also took straightforward notes for me. When I went back to school, she helped me with all the missed lessons.”可知作者生病时，Lily每天打电话，讲笑话，帮作者记笔记，还帮作者补落下的课，说明Lily是一个体贴且乐于助人的朋友。故选A。 (4)题： 细节理解题。根据“I was nervous at first, but she said, ‘Don’t be afraid to make a mistake. Just be honest with your feelings.’”可知作者一开始很紧张是因为害怕犯错。故选B。 (5)题： 主旨大意题。根据“What is a true friend? True friends are not just people to have fun with.”以及全文内容可知，文章通过作者和Lily的例子，介绍了真正的友谊意味着什么。故选D。 二、阅读还原 Friends are fantastic! They are important in our lives. 　　　　1　　　　 Friends make us happy when we are sad. When we have difficulties, they tell us everything will be okay. Friends bring us much happiness. 　　　　2　　　　 They laugh with us, run with us, and explore the world with us. Friends make our lives exciting and full of joy. 　　　　3　　　　 For example, if we forget our lunch at home, a friend might share his or her sandwich with us. When we are stuck on a hard maths problem, they will try to help us figure it out. They will give us a helping hand and share their happiness with us. Friends are like superheroes who can save our day! Friends are also good listeners. 　　　　4　　　　 This kind of friendship is full of love and kindness. Sometimes, friends may have different ideas from us, but good friends should respect each other’s differences and learn from each other. 　　　　5　　　　 When we have friends, we can share our dreams, happiness and sadness with them. They make our lives colourful. So, let’s be true to our friends because having friends is like having good gifts. A. Friends like to do the same things. B. Friends are there for us when we need help. C. Here are the good points that friends bring us. D. It’s not important for friends to be the same. E. A friend who makes us laugh is very important to us. F. When we play with friends, we have so much fun！ G. They will listen to us carefully and make us feel we are special. 【答案】1. C     2. F     3. B     4. G     5. D      【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了朋友在生活中的重要性。 (1)题： 根据上文“Friends are fantastic! They are important in our lives.”及下文语境可知，空处与引出朋友的重要意义有关，结合备选项可知，C项“以下是朋友带给我们的好处。”符合语境。故选C。 (2)题： 根据下文“They laugh with us, run with us, and explore the world with us.”可知，空处与和朋友在一起有很多欢乐有关，结合备选项可知，F项“当我们和朋友一起玩时，我们会非常开心！”符合语境。故选F。 (3)题： 根据下文“They will give us a helping hand and share their happiness with us.”可知，空处与需要帮助有关，结合备选项可知，B项“当我们需要帮助时，朋友总会在我们身边。”符合语境。故选B。 (4)题： 根据上句“Friends are also good listeners.”可知，空处与好的倾听者有关，结合备选项可知，G项“他们会认真倾听我们，让我们觉得自己很特别。”符合语境。故选G。 (5)题： 根据上句“Sometimes, friends may have different ideas from us, but good friends should respect each other's differences and learn from each other.”可知，空处与朋友之间的差异有关，结合备选项可知，D项“朋友之间是否相同并不重要。”符合语境。故选D。 三、阅读问答 Research shows that everyone needs four types (类型) of friends in his or her life. They can share your sadness and happiness. However, what are the four types of friends? Let’s have a look. The Best Friend Everyone needs his best friend. He or she will help you in different ways. This kind of friend knows well about all your things, and loves you all the same. A Friendly Neighbour If you go out for a holiday, you can ask your neighbours to take care of your flowers or pets. Neighbours are always helpful. So it’s wonderful to have a friendly neighbour. A Workmate It is happy to have someone to talk with during the lunch break. If you two get along well with each other, you can also play together during the holiday. A Friend from a Different Culture If you have this type of friend, you will get a chance to learn about different traditions and customs (传统和习俗) from him or her. Then you will know the world better. 1. What can you share with your friends according to the passage? 2. Which kind of friend above knows well about all your things? 3. Why is it wonderful to have a friendly neighbour? 4. What can you learn about from a friend of a different culture? 5. How many friends do you have now? What types are they? 【答案】1. We can share our sadness and happiness with our friends.     2. The best friend knows well about all my things.     3. Because neighbours are always helpful.     4. I can learn about different traditions and customs from him or her.     5. I have two friends. They are both my friendly neighbours. (答案不唯一, 合理即可)      【解析】本文主要介绍了研究表明每个人在生活中都需要四种类型的朋友，并分别阐述了最好的朋友、友好的邻居、同事以及来自不同文化的朋友这四种朋友的特点及作用。 (1)题： 根据文章第一段“They can share your sadness and happiness.”可知，你可以和朋友分享悲伤和快乐。因此答案是原文直接信息。 (2)题： 根据文章第二段中“This kind of friend knows well about all your things, and loves you all the same.”可知，最好的朋友最了解你的一切。因此答案是原文直接信息。 (3)题： 根据文章第三段中“Neighbours are always helpful. So it's wonderful to have a friendly neighbour.”可知，有一个友好邻居很棒的原因是邻居总是乐于助人的。因此答案是原文直接信息。 (4)题： 根据文章最后一段中“If you have this type of friend, you will get a chance to learn about different traditions and customs from him or her.”可知，你可以了解不同的传统和习俗。因此答案是原文直接信息。 (5)题： 本题是开放性试题，答案不唯一。需结合文章提到的四种朋友类型以及自己的实际情况作答。答案合理即可。 阅读单选 （来源:2024年四川省凉山州中考英语真题） Friends are important in our lives, but we sometimes have to separate from our friends. “A Farewell (告别) Song” is about saying goodbye to a friend. It is a famous poem by Wang Wei, a great poet, who lived in Tang Dynasty. He is good at writing poems and drawing. When talking about Wang Wei, people often say there are pictures in his poems and there are poems in his pictures. His poems are full of beauty and imagination. “No dust is raised on the road wet with morning rain”, “The willows by the hotel look so fresh and green”, a picture of silence and peace gets into our eyes. After a morning rain in spring, the road, the willows (柳树) and the hotel are completely different. The hotel looks green. The willows look fresh. Everything is nice, gentle and silent. Willow branches are considered as a typical symbol of farewell in China. In ancient times, Chinese people often used them as gifts when they said goodbye to their friends. “I invite you to drink a cup of wine again” is the poet’s warm and real way of not wanting to say goodbye to his friend. Having another drink together is like a symbol of their goodbye. Lastly, “West of the sunny pass no more friends will be seen” shows the feeling of being alone and missing someone. It also shows his sincere love and care for his friend. “A Farewell Song” creates a feeling of quiet sadness. It mixes beautiful pictures and human feelings to deeply express the common experience of saying goodbye. 1. Who is the writer of this poem? A. 李白 B. 王维 C. 杜甫 2. When did Wang Wei’s friend leave in the poem? A. In spring. B. In summer. C. In autumn. 3. What is considered as a typical symbol of farewell in China? A. A morning rain. B. A hotel. C. A willow branch. 4. Which of the following rhymes (押韵) are RIGHT for this poem? A. aa-bb. B. ab-ab. C. ab-cd. 5. What does Wang Wei want to show in this poem? A. To show his excitement after seeing his old friend. B. To show his joy before separating from his friend. C. To show a feeling of quiet sadness before farewell. 【答案】1. B     2. A     3. C     4. B     5. C      【解析】本文是鉴赏王维《送元二使安西》这首诗。 (1)题： 细节理解题。根据“It is a famous poem by Wang Wei”可知，这是王维写的诗，故选B。 (2)题： 细节理解题。根据“After a morning rain in spring…Chinese people often used them as gifts when they said goodbye to their friends”可知，朋友是在春天离开，故选A。 (3)题： 细节理解题。根据“Willow branches are considered as a typical symbol of farewell in China.”可知，柳枝在中国被认为是告别的典型象征，故选C。 (4)题： 推理判断题。根据整首诗的特点可知，这是ab-ab韵，故选B。 (5)题： 推理判断题。根据“is the poet’s warm and real way of not wanting to say goodbye to his friend”以及“creates a feeling of quiet sadness”可知，想表达的是在告别前的一种悲伤，故选C。 1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 Section B 1a-1e A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 拓展 链接中考 一、单词拼写 1. It’s important to be 　　　　　　　　 (诚实的) with your friends and family members. 2. She looked into the 　　　　　　　　 (镜子) before leaving the house. 3. In my free time, I like watching football 　　　　　　　　 on TV. (比赛) 4. You can have a d　　　　　　　　 (直接的) video call to discuss the group project. 5. We discussed several s　　　　　　　　 (相似之处) between these two English novels in class. 6. The two brothers look a　　　　　　　　 (相像的), but they have totally different hobbies. 7. My favourite sport is b　　　　　　　　, and I play it with my friend every weekend. 8. I am less s　　　　　　　　 than he is. 9. I like different kinds of classic 　　　　　　　　. (novel) 10. The only 　　　　　　　　 (different) between the two phones is their colour. 二、完成句子 1. 我认为数学没有英语那样有趣。 I think math is 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 than English. 2. 建立一段牢固且健康的友谊并非易事。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 not easy. 3. 她也很有幽默感。 She has a great 　　　　　　　　of humour too. 4. 多亏了你的帮助，我们得以按时完成了这项工作。 　　　　　　, we finished the work on time. 5. 我在数学考试中犯了一个错误，不得不改正。 I 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 in my math exam and had to correct it. 6. 我认为我们应该尊重彼此的差异，并互相学习。    I think we should 　　　　　　　　 each other’s 　　　　　　　　 and learn from each other. 7. Diana is becoming more outgoing because of her friend. 一般疑问句：　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 肯定回答：　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 否定回答：　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 三、单项选择 1. —What do you think of Mr. Xu? —He has a sense of ________. He is good at telling funny stories. A. interest B. personality C. humour D. similarity 2. —In my ________, traveling is one of the best ways to know different cultures. —I agree with you. A. truth B. note C. praise D. opinion 3. —I’m ________ in what ________ you. —Well, don’t follow suit. Just do what you like. A. interesting; interests B. interested; interests C. interest; interests D. interest; interesting 4. This story is ________ one of the most moving stories I have ever read. A. kind of B. kinds of C. a kind of D. kind 5. You need to ________ more if you want to sing well. A. solve B. practise C. realize D. mind 一、选词填空 A. 根据短文内容，从方框中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 play; same; like; help; have; at; names; eat; kind Kate and Ann are good friends. They can sing. They 　　　1　　　 swimming. Kate likes English very much. Ann likes maths. They are in China now. They go to school five days a week. They 　　　2　　　 ping-pong on Thursday. They are 　　　3　　　 home on Sundays. They 　　　4　　　 two Chinese friends. Their 　　　5　　　 are Li Hua and Wang Lei. They are all in the 　　　6　　　 class. They like their school. They like China. They say, “The Chinese people are very 　　　7　　　. The food is good, too.” B. 根据语篇内容，从方框中选择恰当的单词，并用其正确形式填空。将单词填写在对应的横线上。每个单词只能用一次。 studying;   teach;   different;   mirror;   necessary;   good;   serious;   reach;   grade;   have What does a friend mean to you? For Dave, he thinks a good friend is like a 　　　　1　　　　. He is quieter and more 　　　　2　　　　 than most kids. He studies hardest in his class. His best friend is quiet, too. So they enjoy 　　　　3　　　　 together. Though it’s not easy for him to make friends, he doesn’t think it’s 　　　　4　　　　 to have a lot of friends. Tara thinks a true friend can 　　　　5　　　　 for her hand and touch her heart. Her best friend is a kind and funny girl. Tara was not happy last week, so her friend took her to a restaurant and they 　　　　6　　　　 a big meal. The delicious food made Tara feel 　　　　7　　　　. Tara’s friend cares about her and always knows how to make her happy. He Liang’s best friend is Han Gang. They are quite 　　　　8　　　　 from each other. He Liang is good at sports and more outgoing, but Han Gang is good at studies. Han Gang always gets better 　　　　9　　　　. He often helps He Liang with his homework. He Liang 　　　　10　　　　 Han Gang to swim and play basketball. 二、完形填空 Fiona is a popular girl at school. She is　　　　1　　　　 to everyone. She invites all her classmates to her birthday party and often gives gifts to them. With so many 　　　　2　　　　, she doesn’t have enough time for anyone. She just feels very happy because no one at school has more friends than her. But she feels 　　　　3　　　　 on Friendship Day. It’s a 　　　　4　　　　 for friends to share gifts. No one gives gifts to Fiona! No one thinks Fiona is his or her good friend! She 　　　　5　　　　. Everyone comes to her, but they only stay for a short time and then leave. That’s what Fiona often does. “Mum, 　　　　6　　　　 can I find good friends?” Fiona asks her mother at night. “Oh, my dear, it’s not 　　　　7　　　　,” answers her mother. “You can’t make good friends with just a smile or some good words. You should spend more 　　　　8　　　　 with them. You must always be there, in good times and bad times.” “But I want to be everyone’s good friend!” Fiona says. “My dear, you’re a lovely girl, but you can’t be a good friend to everyone. It’s enough to have two or three good friends. You can always 　　　　9　　　　 and look after each other,” says her mother. After the talk, Fiona understands what 　　　　10　　　　 is. 1. A. friendly B. ugly C. smart D. difficult 2. A. gifts B. teachers C. parties D. friends 3. A. lucky B. unhappy C. peaceful D. glad 4. A. subject B. place C. dinner D. festival 5. A. leaves B. comes C. smiles D. cries 6. A. how B. where C. why D. when 7. A. possible B. important C. easy D. clear 8. A. love B. time C. money D. trust 9. A. hold on B. look at C. depend on D. blow away 10. A. progress B. friendship C. spirit D. energy 一、阅读单选 A篇 阅读1b，回答下面问题。 1. Who is outgoing, Diana or Yuan Lei? A. Diana. B. Yuan Lei. C. We don’t know. 2. Who plays badminton better than Matt does? A. Stephen. B. Diana. C. Zhang Yong. 3. What can we know from the passage? A. Matt likes people who are different from him. B. Diana is a shy girl. C. Friends should be the same. B篇 What is a true friend? True friends are not just people to have fun with. They are like mirrors that help us see ourselves more clearly. They stay with us through both good and bad times. My best friend is Lily. We have a lot in common. We both enjoy reading novels and listening to music. However, we are also very different. I am shy and quiet, but Lily is outgoing. She always encourages me to try new things. Thanks to her, I joined the school singing club. I was nervous at first, but she said, “Don’t be afraid to make a mistake. Just be honest with your feelings.” Her words gave me confidence. Last month, I was sick and missed a week of school. Lily called me every day. She told me interesting jokes to make me laugh. She also took straightforward notes for me. When I went back to school, she helped me with all the missed lessons. I was truly thankful for her friendship. A true friend understands you, helps you, and makes you a better person. 1. What do the writer and Lily have in common? A. They are both outgoing. B. They both enjoy reading novels and listening to music. C. They both like singing. D. They are both shy and quiet. 2. The underlined word “encourages” probably means ________. A. laughs at someone’s ideas B. stops someone from doing something C. helps someone feel brave to do something D. asks someone to do something 3. What can we infer (推断) from Lily’s help when the writer was sick? A. Lily is a caring and helpful friend. B. Lily is a very busy person. C. The writer is not good at taking notes. D. Lily wanted the writer to finish the homework quickly. 4. Why was the writer nervous about joining the singing club? A. Because she didn’t like singing. B. Because she was afraid of making mistakes. C. Because Lily didn’t go with her. D. Because she had no time for it. 5. What is the main idea of the passage? A. How to make new friends at school. B. Why it is important to share hobbies with friends. C. The differences between the writer and her friend. D. What true friendship means through an example. 二、阅读还原 Friends are fantastic! They are important in our lives. 　　　　1　　　　 Friends make us happy when we are sad. When we have difficulties, they tell us everything will be okay. Friends bring us much happiness. 　　　　2　　　　 They laugh with us, run with us, and explore the world with us. Friends make our lives exciting and full of joy. 　　　　3　　　　 For example, if we forget our lunch at home, a friend might share his or her sandwich with us. When we are stuck on a hard maths problem, they will try to help us figure it out. They will give us a helping hand and share their happiness with us. Friends are like superheroes who can save our day! Friends are also good listeners. 　　　　4　　　　 This kind of friendship is full of love and kindness. Sometimes, friends may have different ideas from us, but good friends should respect each other’s differences and learn from each other. 　　　　5　　　　 When we have friends, we can share our dreams, happiness and sadness with them. They make our lives colourful. So, let’s be true to our friends because having friends is like having good gifts. A. Friends like to do the same things. B. Friends are there for us when we need help. C. Here are the good points that friends bring us. D. It’s not important for friends to be the same. E. A friend who makes us laugh is very important to us. F. When we play with friends, we have so much fun！ G. They will listen to us carefully and make us feel we are special. 三、阅读问答 Research shows that everyone needs four types (类型) of friends in his or her life. They can share your sadness and happiness. However, what are the four types of friends? Let’s have a look. The Best Friend Everyone needs his best friend. He or she will help you in different ways. This kind of friend knows well about all your things, and loves you all the same. A Friendly Neighbour If you go out for a holiday, you can ask your neighbours to take care of your flowers or pets. Neighbours are always helpful. So it’s wonderful to have a friendly neighbour. A Workmate It is happy to have someone to talk with during the lunch break. If you two get along well with each other, you can also play together during the holiday. A Friend from a Different Culture If you have this type of friend, you will get a chance to learn about different traditions and customs (传统和习俗) from him or her. Then you will know the world better. 1. What can you share with your friends according to the passage? 2. Which kind of friend above knows well about all your things? 3. Why is it wonderful to have a friendly neighbour? 4. What can you learn about from a friend of a different culture? 5. How many friends do you have now? What types are they? （来源:2024年四川省凉山州中考英语真题） Friends are important in our lives, but we sometimes have to separate from our friends. “A Farewell (告别) Song” is about saying goodbye to a friend. It is a famous poem by Wang Wei, a great poet, who lived in Tang Dynasty. He is good at writing poems and drawing. When talking about Wang Wei, people often say there are pictures in his poems and there are poems in his pictures. His poems are full of beauty and imagination. “No dust is raised on the road wet with morning rain”, “The willows by the hotel look so fresh and green”, a picture of silence and peace gets into our eyes. After a morning rain in spring, the road, the willows (柳树) and the hotel are completely different. The hotel looks green. The willows look fresh. Everything is nice, gentle and silent. Willow branches are considered as a typical symbol of farewell in China. In ancient times, Chinese people often used them as gifts when they said goodbye to their friends. “I invite you to drink a cup of wine again” is the poet’s warm and real way of not wanting to say goodbye to his friend. Having another drink together is like a symbol of their goodbye. Lastly, “West of the sunny pass no more friends will be seen” shows the feeling of being alone and missing someone. It also shows his sincere love and care for his friend. “A Farewell Song” creates a feeling of quiet sadness. It mixes beautiful pictures and human feelings to deeply express the common experience of saying goodbye. 1. Who is the writer of this poem? A. 李白 B. 王维 C. 杜甫 2. When did Wang Wei’s friend leave in the poem? A. In spring. B. In summer. C. In autumn. 3. What is considered as a typical symbol of farewell in China? A. A morning rain. B. A hotel. C. A willow branch. 4. Which of the following rhymes (押韵) are RIGHT for this poem? A. aa-bb. B. ab-ab. C. ab-cd. 5. What does Wang Wei want to show in this poem? A. To show his excitement after seeing his old friend. B. To show his joy before separating from his friend. C. To show a feeling of quiet sadness before farewell. 1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $