Unit 5 Section B Vocabulary in use （课时分层练）英语新教材人教版八年级上册

**基本信息** 分层清晰，从词汇句型到语篇应用，适配新授课基础巩固与能力提升，助力语言能力与思维品质发展。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |A组 巩固过关|核心词汇拼写、基础句型转换、量词短语辨析|单词拼写聚焦单元核心名词，单项选择强化量词搭配规则，夯实语言基础| |B组 能力进阶|量词短语综合运用、语篇语境理解|选词填空整合9类量词短语，完形填空通过烹饪情境考查动词、名词等词汇在语境中的应用，提升语言综合运用能力| |C组 思维拔高|食谱阅读信息提取、跨文本理解|阅读单选结合香蕉蛋糕制作步骤，考查细节查找与推理判断，B篇图片理解拓展思维维度，培养信息素养与思维品质|

单元标题 课时标题 A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 一、单词拼写 1. I need a 　　　　　　　　 (瓶子) of water. 【答案】bottle 【解析】句意：我需要一瓶水。句中“瓶子”是关键词，固定搭配a bottle of表示一瓶……，不定冠词a后接可数名词单数，对应名词bottle。 2. Tony and his sister like to eat s　　　　　　　　 (意大利细面条). 【答案】(s)paghetti 【解析】句意：托尼和他的妹妹喜欢吃意大利细面条。根据中文提示以及首字母可知，对应的英文单词是spaghetti，是不可数名词。故填(s)paghetti。 3. Could you please cut the lemon into thin s　　　　　　　　 (薄片) for my tea? 【答案】slices 【解析】句意：你能把柠檬切成薄片泡我的茶吗？slice表示“薄片”，此处无冠词，用复数形式slices，故填slices。 4. Add one s　　　　　　　　 of sugar to the coffee. 【答案】spoon##poon 【解析】句意：往咖啡里加一勺糖。结合首字母s及句意，此处指“勺、匙”，spoon“勺”符合语境，冠词one后接可数名词单数，one spoon of…表达“一勺……”，应填spoon。 5. The first i　　　　　　　　 (项目) on the list is to clean the kitchen before cooking. 【答案】item##tem 【解析】句意：清单上的第一个项目是做饭前打扫厨房。空格需要填表示“项目”且以i开头的英文单词，对应的单词是item，它符合首字母提示和句子语义要求。 二、完成句子 1. 请给我一张纸。 Please give me 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 paper. 【答案】① a    ② piece    ③ of 【解析】原句中“一张”是关键词，“一张”的短语是a piece of，paper为不可数名词，表达数量用a piece of + 不可数名词。 2. 早餐我通常喝半杯牛奶，吃两片面包。 For breakfast, I usually have 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 milk and two pieces of bread. 【答案】① half    ② a    ③ cup    ④ of 【解析】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“半杯”。“半”译为“half”，“一杯”译为“a cup of”。故填half；a；cup；of。 3. 然后，加一勺盐，把米饭和鸡蛋拌匀。 Then, add 　　　　　　　　 and mix the rice and eggs together. 【答案】a spoonful of salt 【解析】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“一勺盐”。a spoonful of“一勺……”；salt“盐”，是不可数名词。故填a spoonful of salt。 4. 我想要一个苹果派和一杯奶昔。 I’d like an apple pie and a 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 【答案】glass of milk shake 【解析】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺少“一杯奶昔”，a glass of“一杯”，milk shake“奶昔”。故填glass of milk shake。 5. 你能给我买一袋糖吗？ Can you buy 　　　　　　　　　　　　 for me? 【答案】a bag of sugar 【解析】空处缺少的是 “一袋糖” 的表达，用a bag of... 表示 “一袋……”；“糖”sugar，为不可数名词。故填 a bag of sugar。 三、单项选择 1. —How many apples do you need? —________, please. A. Two bags of apples B. Two bags of apple C. Two bag of apples D. Two bag of apple 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——你需要多少苹果？——两袋吧。 考查名词复数。a bag of... “一袋……”，当数量大于一时，bag变为复数形式bags，后面所修饰的apple “苹果”是可数名词，也要变为复数形式apples。故选A。 2. We need ________ yogurt and ________ honey to make the cake. A. two spoons of; a cup of B. two spoons; a cup C. two spoons of; a cup D. two spoons; a cup of 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我们需要两勺酸奶和一杯蜂蜜来做蛋糕。 考查不可数名词的量。yogurt和honey均为不可数名词，不可数名词的量化需用“数词+量词（复数）+of”或 “a/an+量词+of”的结构。two spoons of yogurt“两勺酸奶”，a cup of honey“一杯蜂蜜”。故选A。 3. She ordered a ________ of grape juice. A. bottle B. glass C. cup D. bowl 【答案】B 【解析】句意：她点了一杯葡萄汁。 bottle瓶子；glass玻璃杯；cup茶杯；bowl碗。果汁常用glass搭配，a glass of表示“一杯果汁”，应填glass。 4. —________ water would you like? —I’d like three ________. A. How many; bottles of waters B. How much; bottle of water C. How many; bottles of water D. How much; bottles of water 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——你想要多少水？——我想要三瓶水。 考查特殊疑问句和不可数名词的数的表达。how many多少，修饰复数名词；how much多少，修饰不可数名词。water是不可数名词，提问应用how much，排除A/C选项，表示“三瓶水”用结构three bottles of water。故选D。 5. Use a ________ to stir the soup gently. A. spoon B. fork C. scissors 【答案】A 【解析】句意：用勺子轻轻搅拌汤。 考查名词辨析。spoon勺子；fork叉子；scissors剪刀。根据“Use a...to stir the soup gently.”可知，应是用勺子搅拌汤。故选A。 一、选词填空 选用方框中的量词短语填空 | a bottle of | a bowl of | a cup of | a piece of | a glass of | a plate of | a bag of | a spoon of | a slice of | 1. I’d like 　　　　　　　　　　 milk, please. 2. She eats 　　　　　　　　　　 rice every meal. 3. Would you like 　　　　　　　　　　 tea? 4. Can I have 　　　　　　　　　　 cake? It looks delicious. 5. He ordered 　　　　　　　　　　 grape juice. 6. For lunch, we had 　　　　　　　　　　 spaghetti. 7. Mum bought 　　　　　　　　　　 flour for baking. 8. Add 　　　　　　　　　　 sugar to the mixture. 9. Could you give me 　　　　　　　　　　 bread? 【答案】1. a bottle of     2. a bowl of     3. a cup of     4. a piece of     5. a glass of     6. a plate of     7. a bag of     8. a spoon of     9. a slice of      【解析】(1)题： 句意：我想要一瓶牛奶。milk牛奶是液体，常用瓶子计量或购买，故选a bottle of 表示“一瓶”，符合语境。 (2)题： 句意：她每顿吃一碗米饭。rice米饭通常盛在碗里吃，固定搭配为a bowl of rice表示“一碗米饭”，符合语境。 (3)题： 句意：你想要一杯茶吗？tea茶通常用杯子饮用，固定搭配为a cup of tea表示“一杯茶”，符合语境。 (4)题： 句意：我能来一块蛋糕吗？它看起来很美味。cake蛋糕通常按块计算，常用a piece of cake表示“一块蛋糕”，符合语境。 (5)题： 句意：他点了一杯葡萄果汁。juice果汁是饮料，通常倒在玻璃杯里饮用，固定搭配为a glass of juice表示“一杯果汁”，符合语境。 (6)题： 句意：午饭我们吃了一盘意大利面。spaghetti意大利面通常盛在盘子里，固定搭配a plate of spaghetti表示“一盘意大利面”，符合语境。 (7)题： 句意：妈妈买了一袋面粉做烘焙。flour面粉是粉末状食材，购买时通常装在袋子里，故选a bag of表示“一袋”，符合语境。 (8)题： 句意：向混合物中加一勺糖。sugar糖在混合时通常用勺子添加，故选a spoon of表示“一勺”，符合语境。 (9)题： 句意：你能给我一片面包吗？bread面包通常切成片，固定搭配a slice of bread表示“一片面包”，符合语境。 二、完形填空 阅读短文，理解其大意。从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Linda’s mom makes dumplings on Linda’s birthday every year. But this year, Linda is in another city. 　　　　1　　　　 makes dumplings for her. She decided to make them herself, 　　　　2　　　　 she had never done it before. She got up early and bought everything she needed. But at noon, she called to 　　　　3　　　　 a pizza. What happened? Linda first made the filling for dumplings (饺子馅). She cut up the meat, some cabbage and carrots, and then 　　　　4　　　　 them together. After that, she added some 　　　　5　　　　 and pepper. The filling was 　　　　6　　　　. Linda tried a little—not so good, but it was OK. Linda was not sure 　　　　7　　　　 making the dumpling wrappers (饺子皮), so she bought some. But she found it was really difficult to 　　　　8　　　　 the wrappers. She tried her best to put all the filling in the wrappers. “I made it,” Linda said. When she put them in the hot 　　　　9　　　　, however, most of them broke. 　　　　10　　　　, dumplings became meat and vegetable soup. 1. A. Everybody B. Nobody C. Anybody D. Somebody 2. A. though B. because C. if D. when 3. A. peel B. cook C. order D. serve 4. A. poured B. mixed C. shook D. dug 5. A. butter B. honey C. yogurt D. salt 6. A. ready B. traditional C. possible D. cheap 7. A. in B. at C. with D. about 8. A. eat B. cut C. make D. fill 9. A. oven B. plate C. water D. bowl 10. A. Finally B. Luckily C. Really D. Carefully 【答案】1. B     2. A     3. C     4. B     5. D     6. A     7. D     8. D     9. C     10. A      【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Linda第一次尝试在生日时自己包饺子，尽管认真准备，却因经验不足导致饺子煮破，最终变成“饺子汤”的幽默经历，体现了独立尝试的乐趣与挑战。 (1)题： 句意：没人给她包饺子。 Everybody每个人；Nobody没人；Anybody任何人；Somebody某人。根据“Linda is in another city…makes dumplings for her.”及“She decided to make them herself”可知，往年妈妈给她包饺子，今年她在外地，“没人”给她包，“Nobody”符合语境，故选B。 (2)题： 句意：她决定自己包，尽管她以前从没做过。 though尽管；because因为；if如果；when当……时。根据“She decided to make them herself,…she had never done it before.”可知，“自己包”和“从没做过”是让步关系，“though”表转折让步，符合语境，故选A。 (3)题： 句意：但到了中午，她打电话点了披萨。 peel剥；cook煮；order点（餐）；serve服务。根据“But at noon, she called to…a pizza.”可知，“call to order”是固定搭配表“打电话订购”，“order”符合语境，故选C。 (4)题： 句意：她切碎肉、一些卷心菜和胡萝卜，然后把它们混合在一起。 poured倒；mixed混合；shook摇晃；dug挖。根据“She cut up the meat, some cabbage and carrots, and then…them together.”可知，做饺子馅需“混合”食材，“mixed”符合语境，故选B。 (5)题： 句意：之后，她加了一些盐和胡椒粉。 butter黄油；honey蜂蜜；yogurt酸奶；salt盐。根据“After that, she added some…and pepper.”可知，盐和胡椒粉是饺子馅的常见调料，“salt”符合语境，故选D。 (6)题： 句意：馅料准备好了。 ready准备好的；traditional传统的；possible可能的；cheap便宜的。根据“The filling was…Linda tried a little—not so good, but it was OK.”可知，食材混合加调料后，馅料“准备好了”，“ready”符合语境，故选A。 (7)题： 句意：琳达不确定怎么做饺子皮，所以她买了一些。 in在……里；at在；with和；about关于。根据“Linda was not sure…making the dumpling wrappers, so she bought some.”可知，“be sure about doing sth”是固定搭配表“确定做某事”，“about”符合语境，故选D。 (8)题： 句意：但她发现填饺子皮真的很难。 eat吃；cut切；make做；fill填。根据“But she found it was really difficult to…the wrappers. She tried her best to put all the filling in the wrappers.”可知，包饺子需往皮里“填”馅，“fill”符合语境，故选D。 (9)题： 句意：然而，当她把它们放进热水里时，大部分都破了。 oven烤箱；plate盘子；water水；bowl碗。根据“When she put them in the hot…, however, most of them broke.”可知，煮饺子需放“热水”中，“water”符合语境，故选C。 (10)题： 句意：最后，饺子变成了肉菜汤。 Finally最后；Luckily幸运地；Really真地；Carefully仔细地。根据“…dumplings became meat and vegetable soup.”可知，前文描述煮饺子破了的过程，“最后”变成汤，“Finally”符合语境，故选A。 一、阅读单选 A篇 Do you like the banana cake? Do you know how to make it? Do you want to enjoy the delicious banana cake made by yourself? Please read the instructions carefully, and it can help you to make the cake. What you need＊3 bananas＊2 eggs＊2 cups of flour＊2 spoons of baking powder (发酵粉)＊1/3 spoon of baking soda (小苏打) and salt＊2/3 cup of sugar and 1/3 cup of vegetable oil What to do◎Preheat (预热) the oven to 180℃.◎Mix the flour, baking powder, baking soda and salt together in a large bowl.◎Add the vegetable oil and the sugar to the bowl and mix them together,◎Pour the eggs into a small bowl and shake (them well.◎Cut up the bananas and put the bananas and eggs into the bowl. And then mix them together.◎Pour the mixture on a plate and put the plate into the oven. Bake the cake for twenty minutes, then bake for another five minutes to get a more beautiful colour.◎Get the cake out of the oven, and cut it into pieces. 1. How much flour do we need to make the banana cake? A. 3 cups. B. 2 spoons. C. 2 cups. D. 1/3 spoons. 2. What do we need to do first to make the banana cake? A. Preheat the oven. B. Mix the vegetable oil and the sugar. C. Cut up the bananas. D. Pour the eggs into a small bowl. 3. How long should you bake the cake at first? A. For 5 minutes. B. For 20 minutes. C. For 25 minutes. D. For 40 minutes. 4. What is the last step before you eat the cake? A. Put the plate into the oven. B. Cut the cake into pieces. C. Bake the cake for 20 minutes. D. Mix everything together. 5. Where can you most probably read this passage? A. In a storybook B. In a music magazine. C. In a cookbook. D. In a sports newspaper. 【答案】1. C     2. A     3. B     4. B     5. C      【解析】本文是一篇说明文，详细介绍了制作香蕉蛋糕所需的材料和步骤，内容清晰明了，适合想要自己动手制作蛋糕的人阅读。 (1)题： 第一段（“What you need”部分）中明确提到“2 cups of flour”，这表明制作香蕉蛋糕需要2杯面粉。 (2)题： 第二段（“What to do”部分）的开头，“Preheat (预热) the oven to 180℃.”这句话告诉我们，制作香蕉蛋糕首先要做的是预热烤箱。 (3)题： 第二段（“What to do”部分）中，“Bake the cake for twenty minutes, then bake for another five minutes to get a more beautiful colour.”这句话告诉我们，一开始需要烤蛋糕20分钟。 (4)题： 第二段（“What to do”部分）的末尾，“Get the cake out of the oven, and cut it into pieces.”这句话表明，吃蛋糕前的最后一步是将蛋糕切成块。 (5)题： 整篇文章主要介绍了制作香蕉蛋糕的方法，这样的内容最有可能出现在烹饪书籍中。 B篇 Where can we read this picture? A. In a storybook. B. In a cookbook. C. In a newspaper. D. In a scientific magazine. 2. Which tool is used in Step1? A. A mixer. B. A bowl. C. A steamer. D. A spoon. 3. What is the “bean paste” used for? A. Mixing with mugwort leaves. B. Mixing with flour. C. Filling the Qingtuan. D. Making them into balls. 【答案】1. B     2. A     3. C      【解析】本文是一份食谱说明，主要介绍了制作青团的步骤，包括准备材料、混合原料、包馅和蒸制等过程。 (1)题： 本文标题为“How to Make Qingtuan”，内容为制作青团的详细步骤和原料，属于食谱类文本，因此最可能在“菜谱”中找到。 (2)题： 步骤1描述为“Mix mugwort leaves”，其中需要使用“mixer”来完成混合操作，因此步骤1中用到的工具是搅拌机。 (3)题： 步骤3描述为“fill with sweet bean paste”，其中“bean paste”（豆沙）是用来包裹在面团中作为馅料的，因此豆沙的用途是“填充青团”。 1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 单元标题 课时标题 A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 一、单词拼写 1. I need a 　　　　　　　　 (瓶子) of water. 2. Tony and his sister like to eat s　　　　　　　　 (意大利细面条). 3. Could you please cut the lemon into thin s　　　　　　　　 (薄片) for my tea? 4. Add one s　　　　　　　　 of sugar to the coffee. 5. The first i　　　　　　　　 (项目) on the list is to clean the kitchen before cooking. 二、完成句子 1. 请给我一张纸。 Please give me 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 paper. 2. 早餐我通常喝半杯牛奶，吃两片面包。 For breakfast, I usually have 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 milk and two pieces of bread. 3. 然后，加一勺盐，把米饭和鸡蛋拌匀。 Then, add 　　　　　　　　 and mix the rice and eggs together. 4. 我想要一个苹果派和一杯奶昔。 I’d like an apple pie and a 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 5. 你能给我买一袋糖吗？ Can you buy 　　　　　　　　　　　　 for me? 三、单项选择 1. —How many apples do you need? —________, please. A. Two bags of apples B. Two bags of apple C. Two bag of apples D. Two bag of apple 2. We need ________ yogurt and ________ honey to make the cake. A. two spoons of; a cup of B. two spoons; a cup C. two spoons of; a cup D. two spoons; a cup of 3. She ordered a ________ of grape juice. A. bottle B. glass C. cup D. bowl 4. —________ water would you like? —I’d like three ________. A. How many; bottles of waters B. How much; bottle of water C. How many; bottles of water D. How much; bottles of water 5. Use a ________ to stir the soup gently. A. spoon B. fork C. scissors 一、选词填空 选用方框中的量词短语填空 | a bottle of | a bowl of | a cup of | a piece of | a glass of | a plate of | a bag of | a spoon of | a slice of | 1. I’d like 　　　　　　　　　　 milk, please. 2. She eats 　　　　　　　　　　 rice every meal. 3. Would you like 　　　　　　　　　　 tea? 4. Can I have 　　　　　　　　　　 cake? It looks delicious. 5. He ordered 　　　　　　　　　　 grape juice. 6. For lunch, we had 　　　　　　　　　　 spaghetti. 7. Mum bought 　　　　　　　　　　 flour for baking. 8. Add 　　　　　　　　　　 sugar to the mixture. 9. Could you give me 　　　　　　　　　　 bread? 二、完形填空 阅读短文，理解其大意。从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Linda’s mom makes dumplings on Linda’s birthday every year. But this year, Linda is in another city. 　　　　1　　　　 makes dumplings for her. She decided to make them herself, 　　　　2　　　　 she had never done it before. She got up early and bought everything she needed. But at noon, she called to 　　　　3　　　　 a pizza. What happened? Linda first made the filling for dumplings (饺子馅). She cut up the meat, some cabbage and carrots, and then 　　　　4　　　　 them together. After that, she added some 　　　　5　　　　 and pepper. The filling was 　　　　6　　　　. Linda tried a little—not so good, but it was OK. Linda was not sure 　　　　7　　　　 making the dumpling wrappers (饺子皮), so she bought some. But she found it was really difficult to 　　　　8　　　　 the wrappers. She tried her best to put all the filling in the wrappers. “I made it,” Linda said. When she put them in the hot 　　　　9　　　　, however, most of them broke. 　　　　10　　　　, dumplings became meat and vegetable soup. 1. A. Everybody B. Nobody C. Anybody D. Somebody 2. A. though B. because C. if D. when 3. A. peel B. cook C. order D. serve 4. A. poured B. mixed C. shook D. dug 5. A. butter B. honey C. yogurt D. salt 6. A. ready B. traditional C. possible D. cheap 7. A. in B. at C. with D. about 8. A. eat B. cut C. make D. fill 9. A. oven B. plate C. water D. bowl 10. A. Finally B. Luckily C. Really D. Carefully 一、阅读单选 A篇 Do you like the banana cake? Do you know how to make it? Do you want to enjoy the delicious banana cake made by yourself? Please read the instructions carefully, and it can help you to make the cake. What you need＊3 bananas＊2 eggs＊2 cups of flour＊2 spoons of baking powder (发酵粉)＊1/3 spoon of baking soda (小苏打) and salt＊2/3 cup of sugar and 1/3 cup of vegetable oil What to do◎Preheat (预热) the oven to 180℃.◎Mix the flour, baking powder, baking soda and salt together in a large bowl.◎Add the vegetable oil and the sugar to the bowl and mix them together,◎Pour the eggs into a small bowl and shake (them well.◎Cut up the bananas and put the bananas and eggs into the bowl. And then mix them together.◎Pour the mixture on a plate and put the plate into the oven. Bake the cake for twenty minutes, then bake for another five minutes to get a more beautiful colour.◎Get the cake out of the oven, and cut it into pieces. 1. How much flour do we need to make the banana cake? A. 3 cups. B. 2 spoons. C. 2 cups. D. 1/3 spoons. 2. What do we need to do first to make the banana cake? A. Preheat the oven. B. Mix the vegetable oil and the sugar. C. Cut up the bananas. D. Pour the eggs into a small bowl. 3. How long should you bake the cake at first? A. For 5 minutes. B. For 20 minutes. C. For 25 minutes. D. For 40 minutes. 4. What is the last step before you eat the cake? A. Put the plate into the oven. B. Cut the cake into pieces. C. Bake the cake for 20 minutes. D. Mix everything together. 5. Where can you most probably read this passage? A. In a storybook B. In a music magazine. C. In a cookbook. D. In a sports newspaper. B篇 Where can we read this picture? A. In a storybook. B. In a cookbook. C. In a newspaper. D. In a scientific magazine. 2. Which tool is used in Step1? A. A mixer. B. A bowl. C. A steamer. D. A spoon. 3. What is the “bean paste” used for? A. Mixing with mugwort leaves. B. Mixing with flour. C. Filling the Qingtuan. D. Making them into balls. 1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $