Unit 5 Section A 1a-1d （课时分层练）英语新教材人教版八年级上册

**基本信息** 初中英语Unit 5课时1同步练，分层设计科学，从词汇句型到语篇应用梯度进阶，衔接中考，有效提升语言能力与思维品质。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |A组（巩固过关）|核心词汇（黄油、奶酪等）、基础句型（祈使句、How much提问）|单词拼写（含首字母提示）、完成句子（汉译英）、单项选择（语法应用），夯实语言基础| |B组（能力进阶）|对话逻辑、语篇理解（披萨历史）、上下文推理|补全对话（烹饪步骤）、选词填空（文化背景）、完形填空（故事语境），培养综合语言运用能力| |C组（思维拔高）+拓展|食谱阅读、跨文化饮食（鱼苹果汤等）、中考题型|阅读单选（细节查找与推理）、中考真题（中国饮食文化故事），提升思维品质与应试能力|

Unit 5 What a Delicious Meal! 课时1 Section A 1a-1d A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 拓展 链接中考 一、单词拼写 1. We need some 　　　　　　　　 (黄油) to bake the cake. 2. How much 　　　　　　　　 (奶酪) do you want for pizza? 3. Check all the 　　　　　　　　 (成分) before you start cooking. 4. Please 　　　　　　　　 the tomatoes before cooking. (切碎) 5. Please put some p　　　　　　　　 (胡椒粉) onto the sandwich. 6. If you m　　　　　　　　 (混合) red and white, you will get pink. 7. Don’t forget to turn off the o　　　　　　　　 (烤箱) when you finish baking the cake. 8. B　　　　　　　　 them until they are soft. 9. We ran out of f　　　　　　　　, so we couldn’t make pancakes this morning. 10. We need to b　　　　　　　　 the cake in the oven for 30 minutes. 11. After boiling, m　　　　　　　　 the potatoes. 二、完成句子 1. 把它们放进锅里，煮到变软。    　　　　　　　　 them in a pot and 　　　　　　　　 them 　　　　　　　　 they are soft. 2. 让我们把蛋糕切成六块。 Let’s 　　　　　　　　　 the cake 　　　　　　　　　 six pieces. 3. 然后，往碗里倒一些酸奶。 Then, 　　　　　　　　 some yogurt 　　　　　　　　 the bowl. 4. 把盐加到面条里。 　　　　　　　　　　 salt 　　　　　　　　　　 the noodles. 三、单项选择 1. To make potato salad, first you need to ________ the potatoes until they are soft. A. mash B. fry C. boil D. slice 2. —How much ________ do we need for a sandwich? —Three spoons. A. butter B. bread C. onions D. tomatoes 3. — What’s your brother like? —________. A. He is kind B. He likes music C. He is a student D. He is 13 years old 4. — ________ do you spell your name? — E-L-L-A, Ella. A. What B. How C. Who D. When 5. ________ the potatoes in a pot and boil them. A. Putting B. To put C. Put D. Puts 一、补全对话 A: Hi, Cindy. The food festival is coming. Let’s make a Chinese special dish—Gong Bao Chicken. B: Good idea! But I don’t know how to make it. A: Don’t worry. It’s easy. B: 　　　　1　　　　 A: First, we need to cut the chicken into pieces and fry them in the pan. B: Got it. 　　　　2　　　　 A: About one spoon of oil is enough. B: OK. 　　　　3　　　　 A: Next, add some peanuts and peppers. Stir them quickly. B: 　　　　4　　　　 Does it taste sweet or spicy? A: It’s spicy. It’s the most popular flavor in Sichuan. B: Great! I can’t wait to taste it. Thanks for teaching me. A: 　　　　5　　　　 A. How much oil do we need? B. You are welcome. C. What should we do next? D. How do we start? E. No problem. F. What flavor is it? G. Could you please help me? 二、选词填空 根据短文内容,从方框中选择最佳短语填空。 all over the world many kinds of in common became popular find out Pizza is one of the most popular fast foods in the world. But do you know the story of pizza? Let’s 1 . Thousands of years ago, people in different places started putting vegetables, oil, cheese and other things on bread. The ingredients were not the same everywhere, but there was one thing 2 : Everyone put the toppings on their bread. This was like the ancient form of “pizza”. Our modern pizza goes back to the Romans over 2,000 years ago. They put cheese and olive oil on bread. In the 1700s, a pizza with tomato sauce (番茄酱) and cheese 3 in Naples, Italy. Later, Italians brought pizza to America. And then people 4 got to know the food. Today, there are 5 pizza, and most people enjoy it! 三、完形填空 It was time for the Potato-Salad Contest (比赛) held every year. “Do you think you’ll win the Golden Potato again?” asked Alisa’s younger sister, Brianna. “Not really,” said Alisa 　　　　1　　　　. “Grandpa isn’t here to help this year.” “I’ll help you,” Brianna said. The girls 　　　　2　　　　 all the ingredients in a bowl. “It doesn’t taste right,” Alisa said after she tried the salad. “What’s missing?” “Is it pepper?” said Mum. “Your grandpa liked it very much.” “It’s 　　　　3　　　　, but it’s still not right. Should we look through a cookbook?” Alisa asked. “Grandpa hated to follow a cookbook,” Dad said. It was true. Grandpa’s potato salad was 　　　　4　　　　 from others’. Alisa took out an old photo album (相册) to find something. Lots of pictures showed Grandma and Grandpa cooking together. One showed that Grandma was touching Grandpa’s face with 　　　　5　　　　 leaving white handprints (手印) all over. They saw a smile of great 　　　　6　　　　 on Grandma’s face. Grandpa and Grandma loved to laugh at each other, 　　　　7　　　　 he always called her Honey. At the end of the album was the picture of Grandpa and Alisa 　　　　8　　　　 the Golden Potato. It looked like Grandpa was crying. “I know the secret ingredient!” Alisa shouted. She ran to get an onion. “Can you 　　　　9　　　　 this onion, Dad?” she asked. After Alisa added the secret ingredient, the family tasted the potato salad and smiled. They finally found out Grandpa’s 　　　　10　　　　. “Let’s get this salad for the contest,” Dad said excitedly. 1. A. happily B. angrily C. sadly 2. A. boiled B. mixed C. fried 3. A. sweeter B. closer C. stranger 4. A. simple B. different C. similar 5. A. flour B. salt C. oil 6. A. sweetness B. excitement C. surprise 7. A. if B. so C. but 8. A. holding B. encouraging C. hosting 9. A. cut up B. put up C. do with 10. A. memory B. mess C. recipe 一、阅读单选 A篇 Fish and apple soup? Yes, and you won’t believe how delicious it is. This dish first came from a restaurant in Singapore, but it is now very popular as soup du jour in Chinese restaurants. Ingredients (serves 4): 1 whole fish 2 apples, quartered 4—6 ginger slices (姜片) 1 bunch of spring onions, cut into pieces 1 red tomato, cut into 8 pieces Oil, salt and pepper Methods: 1 Remove the bones from the fish. 2 Pour oil into a pan. Fry the ginger slices and the spring onions. Add the fish bones and fry them. 3 Add enough water and boil it for about 15 to 20 minutes. 4 Add the apples, the fish and the tomato. When the apples go soft, add salt and pepper. 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 1. This passage is probably ______. A. a poem B. a piece of news C. a story D. a recipe (食谱) 2. The name of the soup in Chinese restaurants is ________. A. soup du jour B. tomato soup C. onion soup D. ginger soup 3. The underlined word “quartered” means “_______” in Chinese. A. 榨汁 B. 切成四部分 C. 洗净 D. 剁碎 4. If you want to cook the soup for 8 people, you will need ________ red tomato(es). A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 5. In what order should you add the ingredients while cooking the soup? A. apples, fish and tomato→ginger slices and spring onions→oil→fish bones B. oil→fish bones→ginger slices and spring onions→apples, fish and tomato C. oil→ginger slices and spring onions→fish bones→apples, fish and tomato D. ginger slices and spring onions→fish bones→apples, fish and tomato→oil B篇 Mashed potatoes are a delicious and easy dish to make. To make mashed potatoes, you need potatoes, butter, milk, salt, and pepper. First, wash the potatoes and cut them into small pieces. Then put the potatoes in a pot and add enough water to cover them. Boil the potatoes until they are soft. This usually takes about 15 to 20 minutes. After boiling, drain the water and mash the potatoes with a fork or a potato masher. Next, add one tablespoon of butter and half a cup of milk. Mix them into the potatoes. Finally, add salt and pepper for taste. Stir everything together. Your mashed potatoes are ready to serve! 1. What ingredients are NOT mentioned in the passage? A. Potatoes. B. Cheese. C. Butter. D. Milk. 2. How long does it usually take to boil the potatoes? A. 5 to 10 minutes. B. 10 to 15 minutes. C. 15 to 20 minutes. D. 20 to 25 minutes. 3. What should you do after boiling the potatoes? A. Add salt and pepper. B. Mash the potatoes. C. Cut them into pieces. D. Wash the potatoes. 4. How much butter is needed? A. One cup. B. Half a cup. C. One tablespoon. D. Half a tablespoon. 5. What is the last step in making mashed potatoes? A. Add milk and butter. B. Boil the potatoes. C. Add salt and pepper and mix. D. Mash the potatoes. 一、阅读单选 （来源:2025年山东省威海市中考英语真题） Many of China’s dishes come with stories. They are part of China’s long and fascinating history. Let’s learn about the interesting origins (起源) of some famous dishes. Dumplings’ history goes back over 1,800 years. They were first used as medicine. In the late Eastern Han Dynasty, one winter, many poor people were frostbitten (冻伤), especially their ears. Zhang Zhongjing made some ear-shaped food with some Chinese medicine in it. He called these creations jiao’er, which means “tender ear” in English. After eating the jiao’er, people felt warm all over. Then, over time, the frostbite disappeared. Zhang Zhongjing continued to give out jiao’er to poor, hungry people until the Eve of the Spring Festival. To celebrate the Spring Festival and their recovery (痊愈), people made their own jiao’er. This kind of ear-shaped food is the later “dumpling”. Today, in northern China, people eat dumplings in most traditional Chinese festivals and celebrations. The dingsheng cake is a popular snack in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces. It is made with rice flour and sweet fillings, such as red bean paste or nuts. It is said that people in Southern Song Dynasty made the cakes to inspire Yue Fei’s army to win the fights. They engraved (雕刻) on the surfaces of cakes with two Chinese characters “Ding Sheng”, which means “must-win” or “victory” in English. Today, the dingsheng cake has become a popular gift. It often appears in traditional Chinese celebrations and important events, such as big exams and elderly people’s birthdays. 根据语篇内容选择最佳答案。 1. Why did Zhang Zhongjing make jiao’er? A. To offer food to hungry people. B. To celebrate the Spring Festival. C. To provide people with medicine. 2. What was the dingsheng cake first made for? A. Welcoming the army. B. Encouraging the army. C. Serving food for the army. 3. Why do you think the dingsheng cake has become a popular gift? A. Because it brings a taste of home. B. Because it is a symbol of success and good luck. C. Because it is a kind of delicious and sweet snack. 4. What do the two kinds of food have in common? A. They are popular in the south of China. B. They first appeared in the same dynasty. C. They are eaten in traditional celebrations. 5. What do you think is the best title of the passage? A. Stories behind Chinese tastes B. Stories behind Chinese customs C. Stories behind Chinese festivals 3 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5 What a Delicious Meal! 课时1 Section A 1a-1d A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 拓展 链接中考 一、单词拼写 1. We need some 　　　　　　　　 (黄油) to bake the cake. 【答案】butter 【解析】句意：我们需要一些黄油来烤蛋糕。根据中文提示“黄油”可知，此处应用名词butter。butter为不可数名词，在句中作动词need的宾语。 2. How much 　　　　　　　　 (奶酪) do you want for pizza? 【答案】cheese 【解析】句意：你想要多少奶酪放在披萨上？括号提示词义“奶酪”，对应单词cheese；How much用于提问不可数名词的数量，cheese表示“奶酪”时为不可数名词，无需变形。 3. Check all the 　　　　　　　　 (成分) before you start cooking. 【答案】ingredients 【解析】句意：在你开始做饭之前，检查所有的食材。括号内中文提示为“成分”，在烹饪语境中，指制作食物的原料、食材，对应的英文单词是ingredient。句中all the后接可数名词时，需要用复数形式，因此ingredient要变为ingredients。 4. Please 　　　　　　　　 the tomatoes before cooking. (切碎) 【答案】cut up 【解析】句意：烹饪前请把西红柿切碎。根据汉语提示可知，“切碎”译为cut up，为固定动词短语；此处是祈使句，用动词原形开头。故填cut up。 5. Please put some p　　　　　　　　 (胡椒粉) onto the sandwich. 【答案】pepper##epper 【解析】句意：请往三明治上撒一些胡椒粉。根据首字母“p”和括号内的汉语提示可知，此处考查pepper“胡椒粉”，不可数名词。故填pepper。 6. If you m　　　　　　　　 (混合) red and white, you will get pink. 【答案】mix##ix 【解析】句意：如果你把红色和白色混合在一起，你就会得到粉色。mix意为“混合”，本句是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，主语为you，从句谓语动词用原形。故填mix。 7. Don’t forget to turn off the o　　　　　　　　 (烤箱) when you finish baking the cake. 【答案】oven##ven 【解析】句意：烤完蛋糕后别忘了关掉烤箱。根据括号内给出的中文提示“烤箱”及首字母可知，该空对应单词为oven，在句中作宾语，该句表示特指用名词单数。故填‌oven‌。 8. B　　　　　　　　 them until they are soft. 【答案】Boil##oil 【解析】句意：把它们煮到变软为止。句中缺少谓语动词，结合“until they are soft”（直到它们变软）及首字母为B可知，此处应填表示“煮”的动词，Boil“煮，煮沸”，Boil them until they are soft意为“把它们煮到变软”，符合语境。且此句为祈使句，需用动词原形开头，故填Boil。 9. We ran out of f　　　　　　　　, so we couldn’t make pancakes this morning. 【答案】(f)lour 【解析】句意：我们用完了面粉，所以今天早上不能做煎饼了。根据首字母“f”以及“couldn’t make pancakes”可知，此处应应填flour，不可数名词。故填(f)lour。 10. We need to b　　　　　　　　 the cake in the oven for 30 minutes. 【答案】bake##ake 【解析】句意：我们需要把蛋糕放在烤箱里烤30分钟。句中“in the oven”意为“在烤箱里”，是烘烤食物所使用的设备。“bake”意为“烘烤”，与“cake”和“in the oven”搭配，表示“在烤箱里烤蛋糕”，符合烹饪语境，故填bake。 11. After boiling, m　　　　　　　　 the potatoes. 【答案】mash##ash 【解析】句意：煮沸后，将土豆捣成泥。句中“After boiling”为时间状语，提示动作发生在“煮沸”之后，应填动词原形构成祈使句。“mash”意为“捣碎、压成泥”，与“potatoes”搭配表示“将土豆捣成泥”，符合烹饪流程语境，故填mash。 二、完成句子 1. 把它们放进锅里，煮到变软。    　　　　　　　　 them in a pot and 　　　　　　　　 them 　　　　　　　　 they are soft. 【答案】① Put    ② boil    ③ until 【解析】原句中“放”、“煮”、“直到”是关键词，put them in表示“把它们放入”，本句为祈使句，动词用原形，句首首字母大写；and连接并列动词，“煮”对应单词boil；until引导时间状语从句，意为“直到”。 2. 让我们把蛋糕切成六块。 Let’s 　　　　　　　　　 the cake 　　　　　　　　　 six pieces. 【答案】① cut    ② into 【解析】原句中“把……切成……”是关键词，表示“把……切成……”的短语是cut...into...，Let’s后接动词原形。 3. 然后，往碗里倒一些酸奶。 Then, 　　　　　　　　 some yogurt 　　　　　　　　 the bowl. 【答案】① pour    ② into 【解析】原句中“往⋯⋯里倒”是关键词，pour sth. into…是固定搭配，意为“把某物倒进⋯⋯里”。本句是祈使句，要用动词原形开头。 4. 把盐加到面条里。 　　　　　　　　　　 salt 　　　　　　　　　　 the noodles. 【答案】① Add    ② to 【解析】此处指的是“把……加到……里”，英语是短语add…to…，这里是一个祈使句，所以应用动词原形开头，句子开头的单词，首字母要大写，故填Add，to。 三、单项选择 1. To make potato salad, first you need to ________ the potatoes until they are soft. A. mash B. fry C. boil D. slice 【答案】C 【解析】句意：为了做土豆沙拉，首先你需要把土豆煮到它们变软。 考查动词辨析。mash捣碎；fry油炸；boil煮；slice切片。根据制作土豆沙拉的常识，土豆需通过煮才能达到变软的状态，以便后续处理。故选C。 2. —How much ________ do we need for a sandwich? —Three spoons. A. butter B. bread C. onions D. tomatoes 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——做三明治我们需要多少黄油？——三勺。 考查名词辨析。butter黄油；bread面包；onions洋葱；tomatoes西红柿。根据答语“Three spoons.”可知，此处询问的量应是可以用勺子来量的，butter黄油是可以用勺子量的，符合语境；而bread面包通常用片或块来计量，onions洋葱和tomatoes西红柿通常用个或重量来计量，均不符合语境。故选A。 3. — What’s your brother like? —________. A. He is kind B. He likes music C. He is a student D. He is 13 years old 【答案】A 【解析】句意:——你的哥哥是什么样的人？——他很善良。 考查情景交际。He is kind他很善良；He likes music他喜欢音乐；He is a student他是个学生；He is 13 years old他13岁。根据“What’s your brother like?”可知，此处询问人的性格或品质，He is kind“他很善良”符合题意。故选A。 4. — ________ do you spell your name? — E-L-L-A, Ella. A. What B. How C. Who D. When 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——你怎样拼写你的名字？——E-L-L-A，埃拉。 What什么；How怎样；Who谁；When何时。根据答语“E-L-L-A, Ella.”可知，此处问的是如何拼写，how do you spell …为固定句型，询问如何拼写单词，符合语境。 5. ________ the potatoes in a pot and boil them. A. Putting B. To put C. Put D. Puts 【答案】C 【解析】句意：把土豆放进锅里煮。 祈使句用于表达命令、请求或建议，通常以动词原形开头。根据句意可知这是制作步骤的指令，且后半句“boil”为原形，故前半句也用动词原形。 一、补全对话 A: Hi, Cindy. The food festival is coming. Let’s make a Chinese special dish—Gong Bao Chicken. B: Good idea! But I don’t know how to make it. A: Don’t worry. It’s easy. B: 　　　　1　　　　 A: First, we need to cut the chicken into pieces and fry them in the pan. B: Got it. 　　　　2　　　　 A: About one spoon of oil is enough. B: OK. 　　　　3　　　　 A: Next, add some peanuts and peppers. Stir them quickly. B: 　　　　4　　　　 Does it taste sweet or spicy? A: It’s spicy. It’s the most popular flavor in Sichuan. B: Great! I can’t wait to taste it. Thanks for teaching me. A: 　　　　5　　　　 A. How much oil do we need? B. You are welcome. C. What should we do next? D. How do we start? E. No problem. F. What flavor is it? G. Could you please help me? 【答案】1. D     2. A     3. C     4. F     5. B      【解析】本文主要讲述了A和B关于制作宫保鸡丁的对话。 (1)题： A说制作宫保鸡丁很简单，B需要询问如何开始制作，才能引出A关于第一步切鸡肉和煎炒的回答。D项“How do we start?”用于询问开始步骤，与下文A的回答直接对应。 (2)题： A说明第一步后，B需要询问需要多少油，才能引出A关于一勺油就够的回答。A项“How much oil do we need?”用于询问用量，与下文A的回答直接对应。 (3)题： B确认油的用量后，需要询问接下来该做什么，才能引出A关于加入花生和辣椒的回答。C项“What should we do next?”用于询问下一步操作，与下文A的回答直接对应。 (4)题： A说明下一步后，B需要询问这道菜是什么味道的，才能引出A关于辣味的回答。F项“What flavor is it?”用于询问口味，与下文A的回答直接对应。 (5)题： B感谢A的教导，A需要回应“不客气”，才能使对话礼貌收尾。B项“You are welcome.”是对感谢的标准回应，与上文B的感谢直接对应。 二、选词填空 根据短文内容,从方框中选择最佳短语填空。 all over the world many kinds of in common became popular find out Pizza is one of the most popular fast foods in the world. But do you know the story of pizza? Let’s 1 . Thousands of years ago, people in different places started putting vegetables, oil, cheese and other things on bread. The ingredients were not the same everywhere, but there was one thing 2 : Everyone put the toppings on their bread. This was like the ancient form of “pizza”. Our modern pizza goes back to the Romans over 2,000 years ago. They put cheese and olive oil on bread. In the 1700s, a pizza with tomato sauce (番茄酱) and cheese 3 in Naples, Italy. Later, Italians brought pizza to America. And then people 4 got to know the food. Today, there are 5 pizza, and most people enjoy it! 【答案】1. find out 2. in common 3. became popular 4. all over the world 5. many kinds of 【导语】本文主要介绍了披萨的起源与发展历程：从古代不同地区人们在面包上加配料的做法，到现代披萨在意大利那不勒斯流行，再到传遍全球的过程，展现了这一美食的演变。 (1)题详解： 句意：但你知道披萨的故事吗？让我们来弄清楚。根据“But do you know the story of pizza?”可知。此处要表达“探究真相”，“find out”是固定短语，意为“弄清楚、查明”，“let’s”后接动词原形。故填find out。 (2)题详解： 句意：各地的食材不尽相同，但有一个共同点。根据“The ingredients were not the same everywhere, but there was one thing”可知，前半句强调食材不同，后边转折指出“配料放在面包上”这一共同做法，“have one thing in common”是固定短语，意为“有一个共同点”，此处用“in common”作后置定语。故填in common。 (3)题详解： 句意：在18世纪，一种带有番茄酱和奶酪的披萨在意大利那不勒斯流行起来。根据“Later, Italians brought pizza to America.”可知，披萨现在那不勒斯“流行”起来， 时间“in the 1700s”提示用一般过去时，“became popular”表示“变得流行”。故填became popular。 (4)题详解： 句意：后来，意大利人把披萨带到了美国，然后全世界的人都开始了解这种食物。根据“And then people…got to know the food.”可知，传播范围扩大到“全世界”。“all over the world”表示“全世界”，修饰“people”，符合“披萨传播到全球”的语境。故填all over the world。 (5)题详解： 句意：如今，有各种各样的披萨，大多数人都很喜欢！根据“and most people enjoy it!”可知，说明种类丰富，能满足不同人的喜好。“many kinds of”表示“各种各样的”，修饰“pizza”，符合现代披萨种类繁多的语境。故填many kinds of。 三、完形填空 It was time for the Potato-Salad Contest (比赛) held every year. “Do you think you’ll win the Golden Potato again?” asked Alisa’s younger sister, Brianna. “Not really,” said Alisa 　　　　1　　　　. “Grandpa isn’t here to help this year.” “I’ll help you,” Brianna said. The girls 　　　　2　　　　 all the ingredients in a bowl. “It doesn’t taste right,” Alisa said after she tried the salad. “What’s missing?” “Is it pepper?” said Mum. “Your grandpa liked it very much.” “It’s 　　　　3　　　　, but it’s still not right. Should we look through a cookbook?” Alisa asked. “Grandpa hated to follow a cookbook,” Dad said. It was true. Grandpa’s potato salad was 　　　　4　　　　 from others’. Alisa took out an old photo album (相册) to find something. Lots of pictures showed Grandma and Grandpa cooking together. One showed that Grandma was touching Grandpa’s face with 　　　　5　　　　 leaving white handprints (手印) all over. They saw a smile of great 　　　　6　　　　 on Grandma’s face. Grandpa and Grandma loved to laugh at each other, 　　　　7　　　　 he always called her Honey. At the end of the album was the picture of Grandpa and Alisa 　　　　8　　　　 the Golden Potato. It looked like Grandpa was crying. “I know the secret ingredient!” Alisa shouted. She ran to get an onion. “Can you 　　　　9　　　　 this onion, Dad?” she asked. After Alisa added the secret ingredient, the family tasted the potato salad and smiled. They finally found out Grandpa’s 　　　　10　　　　. “Let’s get this salad for the contest,” Dad said excitedly. 1. A. happily B. angrily C. sadly 2. A. boiled B. mixed C. fried 3. A. sweeter B. closer C. stranger 4. A. simple B. different C. similar 5. A. flour B. salt C. oil 6. A. sweetness B. excitement C. surprise 7. A. if B. so C. but 8. A. holding B. encouraging C. hosting 9. A. cut up B. put up C. do with 10. A. memory B. mess C. recipe 【答案】1. C     2. B     3. B     4. B     5. A     6. A     7. C     8. A     9. A     10. C      【解析】本文主要讲述了艾丽莎准备土豆沙拉比赛，因爷爷不在而苦恼，通过翻看老照片找到秘密食材，最终还原爷爷独特配方的故事。 (1)题： 句意：“不太可能，”艾丽莎难过地说。 happily高兴地；angrily生气地；sadly难过地。根据“‘Not really,’ said Alisa…‘Grandpa isn’t here to help this year.’”可知，因爷爷无法帮忙，Alisa对赢得比赛缺乏信心，心情低落。故选C。 (2)题： 句意：女孩们把所有放在碗里的食材混合好。 boiled煮；mixed混合；fried油炸。根据“The girls…all the ingredients in a bowl.”以及常识可知，制作沙拉的第一步通常是将各种食材“混合”在一起。故选B。 (3)题： 句意：更接近了，但还是不对。 sweeter更甜的；closer更接近的；stranger更奇怪的。根据上文以及“It’s…but it’s still not right.”可知，爷爷喜欢胡椒，Alisa在加入胡椒之后，味道“更接近”了，但仍有差距。故选B。 (4)题： 句意：爷爷做的土豆沙拉总是和别人不一样。 simple简单的；different不同的； similar相似的。根据“Grandpa hated to follow a cookbook”可知，爷爷讨厌按照食谱做，暗示他的做法独特。故选B。 (5)题： 句意：其中一张照片里，奶奶正用面粉抹爷爷的脸，弄得他脸上全是白手印。 flour面粉；salt盐；oil油。根据“…leaving white handprints (手印) all over.”可知，能留下“白色手印”的厨房材料可能是“面粉”。故选A。 (6)题： 句意：她们看到奶奶脸上洋溢着甜蜜的笑容。 sweetness甜蜜；excitement兴奋；surprise惊讶。根据“One showed that Grandma was touching Grandpa’s face with flour leaving white handprints (手印) all over.”以及下文可知，奶奶和爷爷的感情很好，结合他们互相嬉闹的场景，可以判断出奶奶的脸上应该洋溢着甜蜜的笑容。故选A。 (7)题： 句意：爷爷奶奶总爱互相嘲笑，但他总是叫她“亲爱的”。 if如果；so所以；but但是。根据“Grandpa and Grandma loved to laugh at each other…he always called her Honey.”可知，空格前后是转折关系，即：虽然他们互相嘲笑，但是爷爷对此并不在意，所以用but连接。故选C。 (8)题： 句意：相册的最后一张是爷爷和艾丽莎一起拿着金土豆奖的照片。 holding拿着；encouraging鼓励；hosting主办。根据“At the end of the album was the picture of Grandpa and Alisa…the Golden Potato.”可知，照片内容应是爷爷和艾丽莎“拿着”奖的瞬间。故选A。 (9)题： 句意：“爸爸，你能把这个洋葱切碎吗？”她问。 cut up切碎；put up张贴； do with处理。根据“Can you…this onion, Dad?”可知，洋葱是食材，此处应为请求爸爸帮忙“切碎”洋葱。故选A。 (10)题： 句意：他们终于找到了爷爷的食谱。 memory记忆；mess混乱；recipe食谱。根据“After Alisa added the secret ingredient, the family tasted the potato salad and smiled.”可知，Alisa加入洋葱后，大家尝了后都笑了，说明他们还原了爷爷独特的制作方法， 即找到了“食谱”。故选C。 一、阅读单选 A篇 Fish and apple soup? Yes, and you won’t believe how delicious it is. This dish first came from a restaurant in Singapore, but it is now very popular as soup du jour in Chinese restaurants. Ingredients (serves 4): 1 whole fish 2 apples, quartered 4—6 ginger slices (姜片) 1 bunch of spring onions, cut into pieces 1 red tomato, cut into 8 pieces Oil, salt and pepper Methods: 1 Remove the bones from the fish. 2 Pour oil into a pan. Fry the ginger slices and the spring onions. Add the fish bones and fry them. 3 Add enough water and boil it for about 15 to 20 minutes. 4 Add the apples, the fish and the tomato. When the apples go soft, add salt and pepper. 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 1. This passage is probably ______. A. a poem B. a piece of news C. a story D. a recipe (食谱) 2. The name of the soup in Chinese restaurants is ________. A. soup du jour B. tomato soup C. onion soup D. ginger soup 3. The underlined word “quartered” means “_______” in Chinese. A. 榨汁 B. 切成四部分 C. 洗净 D. 剁碎 4. If you want to cook the soup for 8 people, you will need ________ red tomato(es). A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 5. In what order should you add the ingredients while cooking the soup? A. apples, fish and tomato→ginger slices and spring onions→oil→fish bones B. oil→fish bones→ginger slices and spring onions→apples, fish and tomato C. oil→ginger slices and spring onions→fish bones→apples, fish and tomato D. ginger slices and spring onions→fish bones→apples, fish and tomato→oil 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. B 4. B 5. C 【导语】本文是一篇介绍鱼和苹果汤食谱的说明文，包含菜品介绍、食材清单和制作步骤，清晰呈现了这道源自新加坡、如今流行于中餐馆的汤品的相关信息。 (1)题详解： 文章包含食材、制作步骤等内容，符合食谱的文体特征。 (2)题详解： 第一段表明“This dish first came from a restaurant in Singapore, but it is now very popular as soup du jour in Chinese restaurants”，可知这道汤在中餐馆的名称是soup du jour。 (3)题详解： Ingredients部分提到“2 apples, quartered”，结合烹饪常识，quartered的中文意思是切成四部分。 (4)题详解： Ingredients部分指出“(serves 4)”，需要1个红番茄。若制作8人份，食材需翻倍，因此需要2个红番茄。 (5)题详解： Methods部分说明步骤“Pour oil into a pan. Fry the ginger slices and the spring onions. Add the fish bones and fry them”与“Add the apples, the fish and the tomato”可知食材添加顺序为oil→ ginger slices and spring onions→ fish bones→ apples, fish and tomato。 B篇 Mashed potatoes are a delicious and easy dish to make. To make mashed potatoes, you need potatoes, butter, milk, salt, and pepper. First, wash the potatoes and cut them into small pieces. Then put the potatoes in a pot and add enough water to cover them. Boil the potatoes until they are soft. This usually takes about 15 to 20 minutes. After boiling, drain the water and mash the potatoes with a fork or a potato masher. Next, add one tablespoon of butter and half a cup of milk. Mix them into the potatoes. Finally, add salt and pepper for taste. Stir everything together. Your mashed potatoes are ready to serve! 1. What ingredients are NOT mentioned in the passage? A. Potatoes. B. Cheese. C. Butter. D. Milk. 2. How long does it usually take to boil the potatoes? A. 5 to 10 minutes. B. 10 to 15 minutes. C. 15 to 20 minutes. D. 20 to 25 minutes. 3. What should you do after boiling the potatoes? A. Add salt and pepper. B. Mash the potatoes. C. Cut them into pieces. D. Wash the potatoes. 4. How much butter is needed? A. One cup. B. Half a cup. C. One tablespoon. D. Half a tablespoon. 5. What is the last step in making mashed potatoes? A. Add milk and butter. B. Boil the potatoes. C. Add salt and pepper and mix. D. Mash the potatoes. 【答案】1. B     2. C     3. B     4. C     5. C      【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述土豆泥的制作方法。 (1)题： 文中“To make mashed potatoes, you need potatoes, butter, milk, salt, and pepper.”提到的食材为土豆、黄油、牛奶、盐、胡椒粉，并未提及奶酪。 (2)题： 文中“This usually takes about 15 to 20 minutes.”直接说明煮土豆通常需要15至20分钟。 (3)题： 文中“After boiling, drain the water and mash the potatoes with a fork or a potato masher.”说明煮完土豆后，需要沥干水分并把土豆压成泥。 (4)题： 文中“Next, add one tablespoon of butter and half a cup of milk.”文中说明黄油的用量是一汤匙。 (5)题： 文中“Finally, add salt and pepper for taste. Stir everything together.”说明最后一步是加入盐和胡椒粉调味并搅拌均匀。 一、阅读单选 （来源:2025年山东省威海市中考英语真题） Many of China’s dishes come with stories. They are part of China’s long and fascinating history. Let’s learn about the interesting origins (起源) of some famous dishes. Dumplings’ history goes back over 1,800 years. They were first used as medicine. In the late Eastern Han Dynasty, one winter, many poor people were frostbitten (冻伤), especially their ears. Zhang Zhongjing made some ear-shaped food with some Chinese medicine in it. He called these creations jiao’er, which means “tender ear” in English. After eating the jiao’er, people felt warm all over. Then, over time, the frostbite disappeared. Zhang Zhongjing continued to give out jiao’er to poor, hungry people until the Eve of the Spring Festival. To celebrate the Spring Festival and their recovery (痊愈), people made their own jiao’er. This kind of ear-shaped food is the later “dumpling”. Today, in northern China, people eat dumplings in most traditional Chinese festivals and celebrations. The dingsheng cake is a popular snack in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces. It is made with rice flour and sweet fillings, such as red bean paste or nuts. It is said that people in Southern Song Dynasty made the cakes to inspire Yue Fei’s army to win the fights. They engraved (雕刻) on the surfaces of cakes with two Chinese characters “Ding Sheng”, which means “must-win” or “victory” in English. Today, the dingsheng cake has become a popular gift. It often appears in traditional Chinese celebrations and important events, such as big exams and elderly people’s birthdays. 根据语篇内容选择最佳答案。 1. Why did Zhang Zhongjing make jiao’er? A. To offer food to hungry people. B. To celebrate the Spring Festival. C. To provide people with medicine. 2. What was the dingsheng cake first made for? A. Welcoming the army. B. Encouraging the army. C. Serving food for the army. 3. Why do you think the dingsheng cake has become a popular gift? A. Because it brings a taste of home. B. Because it is a symbol of success and good luck. C. Because it is a kind of delicious and sweet snack. 4. What do the two kinds of food have in common? A. They are popular in the south of China. B. They first appeared in the same dynasty. C. They are eaten in traditional celebrations. 5. What do you think is the best title of the passage? A. Stories behind Chinese tastes B. Stories behind Chinese customs C. Stories behind Chinese festivals 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. B 4. C 5. A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了中国一些著名菜肴的有趣起源及其背后的文化故事。 (1)题详解： 细节理解题。根据“Zhang Zhongjing made some ear-shaped food with some Chinese medicine in it. He called these creations jiao’er...After eating the jiao’er, people felt warm all over. Then, over time, the frostbite disappeared.”可知，张仲景制作“娇耳”是为了给冻伤的人提供含有中药的食物来治疗冻伤，即提供药物作用。故选C。 (2)题详解： 细节理解题。根据“It is said that people in Southern Song Dynasty made the cakes to inspire Yue Fei’s army to win the fights.”可知，定胜糕最初是为了鼓舞岳飞的军队而制作的。故选B。 (3)题详解： 推理判断题。根据“They engraved on the surfaces of cakes with two Chinese characters ‘Ding Sheng’, which means ‘must-win’ or ‘victory’ in English.”和“It often appears in traditional Chinese celebrations and important events, such as big exams and elderly people’s birthdays.”可知，定胜糕因其“必胜”的寓意，成为象征成功和好运的礼物，因此受欢迎。故选B。 (4)题详解： 细节理解题。根据“Today, in northern China, people eat dumplings in most traditional Chinese festivals and celebrations.”和“It often appears in traditional Chinese celebrations and important events...”可知，饺子和定胜糕的共同点是它们都在传统节庆中被食用。故选C。 (5)题详解： 最佳标题题。根据“Many of China’s dishes come with stories. They are part of China’s long and fascinating history. Let’s learn about the interesting origins of some famous dishes.”可知，文章主旨是通过介绍饺子和定胜糕的起源，展现中国菜肴背后的文化故事，因此最佳标题是“中国美食背后的故事”。故选A。 7 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $