Unit 4 Period 2 Grammar and usage（课件）英语译林版选择性必修第一册

该高中英语课件聚焦非谓语动词（不定式、动词-ing、动词-ed形式）的用法，通过浪漫主义诗歌情境导入，引导学生从识别非谓语动词功能入手，结合阅读材料探索其在句中作主语、宾语等成分的规则，再通过表格归纳总结用法，形成从情境感知到规则探究再到应用实践的支架式学习路径。 其亮点在于以浪漫主义诗歌为文化载体，融合语言能力与文化意识培养，如通过分析Wordsworth诗歌语料学习非谓语动词，在探究规则时采用对比分析和表格归纳，提升学生思维品质。应用环节设计改写句子、完成诗歌相关文章及写作任务，帮助学生在真实语境中掌握语法，教师可借助系统的教学流程和多样素材提升课堂效率。

Grammar and usage 高中英语译林版选择性必修第一册 Unit 4 Exploring the poetry Learning objectives identify and categorize the use of to-infinitives, verb-ing, and verb-ed forms; summarize general rules of to-infinitives, verb-ing, and verb-ed forms; use the right forms of to-infinitives, verb-ing, and verb-ed to finish tasks such as rewriting sentences, completing an article and writing on the importance of reading poems. Contents 1. Lead in 2. Exploring the rules 3. Working out the rules 4. Applying the rules 5. Language points 6. Summary 7. Assessment 8. Homework 01. Lead in Lead in Look at these two pictures. Picture A shows England in the late 18th century—factories, smoke, and long working hours. Picture B shows beautiful nature and quiet feelings. If you were a writer at that time, which world would you prefer to write about? Why? Lead in The poets wrote about individual feelings. They celebrated the beauty of nature. Celebrating the beauty of nature and exploring the world of emotion, the poetry of the Romantic era is one of the greatest treasures in Western literature. Romantic poets like Wordsworth and Shelley didn’t like the rigid rules of the industrial world. Even in their writing, they wanted more freedom and beauty. Compare the following sentences. Which one sounds more like a beautiful poem? Why? Lead in Are celebrating and exploring the predicates of the sentence? If they are not, what do we call them? What functions do they play here? Celebrating the beauty of nature and exploring the world of emotion, the poetry of the Romantic era is one of the greatest treasures in Western literature. Words like celebrating, exploring, and showing come from verbs, but they do not act as predicates. They are non-finite verbs. 02. Exploring the rules Exploring the rules Below is an introduction to Romantic poetry. Read it quickly and fill in the table below. Romanticism Definition It was a (1) __________________from the late 18th to the mid-19th century, involving (2) ________________________ and poets. The aim To (3) ___________________ of the 18th century. To put emphasis on the importance of imagination and feeling, (4) ________________ and a return to the past. Representatives (5) ____________________________________________________ The common theme Celebrating the beauty of (6) _____________________. The significance The poetry of the Romantic era is one of (7) __________________ in Western literature. cultural movement painters, musicians,novelists break with the ideals William Wordsworth, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, George Gordon Byron ... natural and country life the greatest treasures the love of nature Exploring the rules Read the introduction, again. Find the sentences that use to-infinitives, verb-ing or verb-ed forms. Exploring the rules Subjects Predicatives Objects Complements Attributives Adverbials Fill in the table below. The first one has been done for you. ..., celebrating the beauty of nature and country life became ... The aim of the Romantics was to break with ... Romantic poets were often not pleased with ... ... they were not always interested in ... ... they refused to follow rigid rules; ... Instead, they advocated going back to nature. ..., people were made to work long hours. ... a process called industrialization. Exploring the world of emotion and showing the... 03. Working out the rules Working out the rules The to-infinitive often refers to an action that will happen in the future; the verb-ing form, a continuing action; and the verb-ed form, a past action. Generally speaking, the verb-ing form expresses a(n) (1) ________ (active/passive) meaning, while the verb-ed form expresses a(n) (2) ________ (active/passive) meaning. passive active Working out the rules The to-infinitive can be used as the (3) _____________ of a sentence. The verb-ing form can be used as the (4) ____________ of a sentence. The verb-ed form can be used as the (5) _________ of a sentence. *You can choose more than one answer for each blank. a subject c object e attributive b predicative d complement f adverbial a, b, c, d, e, f a, b, c, d, e, f b, d, e, f Working out the rules 非谓语动词首先是一种动词形式，其次是这种动词形式不能做谓语。非谓语动词通常指动词不定式、动词-ing形式和动词-ed形式，在句中可用作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和补语。 非谓语动词在什么条件下使用？ 一个句子当中，已经存在一个主句（谓语动词）, 又没有连词的情况下, 还有别的动词出现时。 非谓语动词综述 浙教版 七年级上册 Working out the rules 非谓语动词没有人称和数的变化，但有时态和语态的变化。 The car to be bought is for his sister. She pretended to be reading when the teacher came into the classroom. 非谓语动词综述 Working out the rules 不定式和动名词作主语的区别 动名词通常表示一般的，抽象的泛指概念，表示习惯，爱好，职 业，经验等。 Smoking is forbidden here. 不定式通常表示具体的，一次性行为或者将来的动作，表示带有目 的性的未完成的事情。 It is harmful for you to smoke so much. 非谓语动词综述 浙教版 七年级上册 Working out the rules 不定式和动名词作宾语的区别 不定式作宾语的特征及分析 不定式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之后。 I want to have a rest. 这类动词（组）主要有：want, would like, hope, wish, expect, long, desire, intend, mean, arrange, plan, decide, determine, prepare, attempt 等表示“想要、希望、打算、意欲、安排、计划、决定、准备、 企图等；”ask, offer, beg等表示”要求，请求”等和promise, agree, refuse等表示“答应；同意；拒绝”的词。 非谓语动词综述 浙教版 七年级上册 Working out the rules 动名词作宾语的特征及分析 当动词表示“承认、否认、放弃、完成、结束”意义时，用动名 词作宾语。在逻辑上，动名词表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前。 She admitted driving the car without insurance. 当动词表示“允许、禁止、介意、反对、避免、阻止、延误、推迟、错过、冒险”意义时，用动名词作宾语。这类动词表示的动作与后面动名词表示的动作几乎同时发生。这类动词主要有： allow, permit, forbid, ban, prohibit, mind, oppose, avoid, escape, prevent, delay, put off, postpone, miss, risk等。 非谓语动词综述 Working out the rules 当动词表示“思考、想象、幻想、预期”意义时，用动名词作宾语。这类动词主要有：consider, image, fancy, anticipate等。动名词表示的动作是动词的直接受事者。比如：“考虑做某事”是“考虑”的对象，做不做某事是“考虑”的直接宾语，而不是目的。 We’re considering buying a new car. 当动词表示“承受、忍受、抵御、禁不住”意义时，用动名词作宾 语。这类动词主要有bear, stand, resist, can’t help等。动名词也是动 词的直接受事者。比如：“经受住诱惑”是指“诱惑”是“经受” 的对象，“经受”的直接宾语。 非谓语动词综述 Working out the rules 不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去分词作定语的区别 不定式作定语往往表示未发生的动作，放在被修饰词后面。 Have you got anything to do this evening? 动名词作定语往往表示事物的用途或作用，放在被修饰词前面。 可以用for doing替换，作后置定语。 a writing desk=a desk for writing 非谓语动词综述 Working out the rules 不定式、现在分词、过去分词作宾补的区别 不定式说明宾语的一个动作，侧重整个过程或结果； 现在分词说明宾语的动作是主动且正在进行； 过去分词表示宾语的动作是被动且已经完成 I have seen Milla grow up from childhood, so I know her quite well. Some students last saw Reed playing near an Internet bar. They want to see this matter settled immediately. 非谓语动词综述 Working out the rules 不定式、现在分词、过去分词作状语的区别 不定式与现在分词作结果状语的区别 不定式多表示出乎意料的结果，此时不定式前可加上only进行强 调，还常见于too...to..., enough...to...句式中； 现在分词表示一种顺其自然的结果，即前句是分词动作的结果。 I woke up in the morning (only) to find the outside world greatly changed. The heavy rain lasted a week, flooding two-thirds of the land. 非谓语动词综述 04. Applying the rules Rewrite the following sentences using to-infinitive, verb-ing or verb-ed forms. 1. Romantic poets experimented with new poetic forms. They were particularly interested in them. Romantic poets were particularly _________________________ ____________________. 2. Romantic poets often mentioned the effect of beauty on the poet’s imagination when they described natural scenes. Romantic poets often mentioned the effect of beauty on the poet’s imagination when _____________________. Applying the rules interested in experimenting with new poetic forms describing natural scenes 3. Poems that focus on nature often stress the moment of inspiration. Poems _________________ often stress the moment of inspiration. 4. Many Romantic poems are filled with descriptions of magic and ancient themes, and contain rich sensory details. ______________________________________________, many Romantic poems contain rich sensory details. 5. Since Romantic poets were highly colourful and independent individuals, finding concerns common to all of them is sometimes difficult. Since Romantic poets were all highly colourful and independent individuals, it is sometimes difficult ______________________________. Applying the rules focusing on nature Filled with descriptions of magic and ancient themes to find concerns common to all of them Applying the rules Below is an article about the English poet William Wordsworth. Complete the article with the correct to-infinitives, verb-ing or verb-ed forms of the verbs in the brackets. Born in 1770, William Wordsworth was one of the (1) _______(lead) poets of the Romantic movement in England. (2) _______ (grow) up in the beautiful Lake District, Wordsworth had a childhood that was perfect for a developing poet. (3) _________ (educate) at Cambridge, Wordsworth received his degree in 1791. He spent a lot of time (4) ______(tour) in Europe. Travelling obviously provided Wordsworth with plenty of ideas for his poems. In 1795, he met Samuel Taylor Coleridge and the two talented young men became leading Growing Educated touring Applying the rules close friends. (5) _______ (meet) Coleridge had a huge impact on Wordsworth. Lyrical Ballads, a collection of poems (6) _______ (write) together with Coleridge, was Wordsworth’s first great work. It was published in 1798 and marked the start of the Romantic era in poetry. Wordsworth explained that they wanted to write poetry that ordinary people could use (7) ________ (express) their feelings. Many of the poems in the collection were about returning to nature. Like other Romantics, Wordsworth preferred (8) ___________ (live) in the country rather than in the city. Meeting written to express to live/living Applying the rules Complete the following table in pairs. William Wordsworth: a (1)_________ _of the Romantic movement in England 1770 He was born in England. 1791 (2) 1795 (3) 1798 (4) leading poet He received his degree from Cambridge. He met Samuel Taylor Coleridge and the two became close friends. Lyrical Ballads, a collection of poems was published, which was Wordsworth’s first great work and marked the start of the Romantic era in poetry. Applying the rules Write about the importance of reading poems. Think of at least one reason and give supporting details, using to-infinitives, verb-ing or verb-ed forms. Use the example below to help you. Reading poems helps me understand the beauty of language. There are a lot of poetic devices employed in poems, such as rhyme and metaphor. When reading these beautifully written lines, I can enjoy the beauty of the language. Example Applying the rules Reading poems helps develop deep insight into what the poet wants to express. Every poem is unique to its poet and its message might first need to be discovered before it can be understood. A poem also represents what the poet was experiencing at that time, such as passion or sorrow. When I read a poem, I want to discover and understand the poet’s message. So I often think about what the poet was going through at that time. Understanding the poet’s thoughts and feelings opens up a whole new world for me and keeps me from getting bored. Sample 05. Language points lead 1. Instead, they advocated going back to nature. 【词汇拓展】 advocate sth. 拥护某事； 支持某事；提倡某事 an advocate of/for sb./sth.  ……的拥护者／支持者／提倡者 advocate for ... 宣扬……；主张…… advocate doing sth. 提倡做某事 advocate vt. 拥护，支持，提倡 n. 提倡者， 拥护者 Language points 【即学即练】 He is a keen a________ of park-and-ride schemes. advocate lead 2. The poets also wrote about individual feelings and beliefs.. 【词汇拓展】 beyond belief 令人难以置信, have belief in对… 有信心 have/hold the belief that.. 相信…… contrary to popular belief 与普遍的看法相反 belief n. 信仰；信念；信心； 相信 Language points 【即学即练】 Although popular (beliefs) regarding emotional intelligence run far ahead of what research can reasonably sup-port, the overall effects of the publicity have been more beneficial than harmful. beliefs 06. Summary Summary 意义 to do doing done 非谓语动词综述 目的、将来、结果 主动、进行、修饰物 被动、完成、修饰人 07. Assessment Assessment Learning Objectives Score(1-5) 1. After learning, I am able to identify and categorize the use of to-infinitives, verb-ing, and verb-ed forms. 2. After learning, I am able to summarize general rules of to-infinitives, verb-ing, and verb-ed forms. 3. After learning, I am able to use the right forms of to-infinitives, verb-ing, and verb-ed to finish tasks such as rewriting sentences, completing an article and writing on the importance of reading poems. 5-完全能；4-基本能；3-不确定；2-不太能；1-完全不能 Learning objectives identify and categorize the use of to-infinitives, verb-ing, and verb-ed forms; summarize general rules of to-infinitives, verb-ing, and verb-ed forms; use the right forms of to-infinitives, verb-ing, and verb-ed to finish tasks such as rewriting sentences, completing an article and writing on the importance of reading poems. 08. Homework Homework 1. Review what we have learned in this class. 2. Write a short passage about poems. (at least 80 words). Homework 你校英语网站正在开展以“My favorite poem”为主题的读诗分享征文活动，面向全体学生征集作品。请你选择一首对你意义重大的诗歌，写一篇短文投稿。内容需覆盖： 1. 所选诗歌的内容简介； 2. 偏爱该首诗的原因。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 My favorite poem ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Homework My favorite poem Among all the poems I have read, Nothing Gold Can Stay is the one that touches me most deeply. It is a classic short poem written by Robert Frost. The poem describes how beautiful and precious things in life will fade soon. However, it encourages readers to cherish every moment and stick to their dreams bravely. When I failed my exam last term, this poem cheered me up and taught me not to give up easily. This meaningful poem has accompanied me through hard times. I firmly believe it will keep inspiring me to move forward in the future. Homework 二选一 假如你叫李华, 是一名高中生。你和外国笔友Lucy都是文学爱好者, 尤其喜欢英语诗歌。最近, Lucy发来电子邮件, 询问你最喜欢哪一首英语诗歌, 作者是谁, 以及你为什么喜欢它。请根据自己的亲身体会, 给Lucy写一封电子邮件。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Lucy, I am glad to tell you about my favourite poem. _________________________________________________________________ Looking forward to hearing from you soon. Yours, Li Hua Dear Lucy, I am glad to tell you about my favourite poem. You know, I like Robert Burns very much. My favourite poem is My Love is Like a Red, Red Rose. In this poem, Burns compares the woman he loves dearly to a red Rose that is in full bloom in June. Whenever I read the poem, a red rose appears in my mind. Though the words he uses are simple and easy to understand, Burns expresses his feelings so powerfully that I am deeply impressed. From his poem I know he is passionate about love and he loves the woman deeply. Besides, I like the rhymes at the end of the sentences, which make the poem read well. Have you ever read poems by Burns? How do you like them?   Looking forward to hearing from you soon. Yours, Li Hua Homework Thank you for your listening $