Unit 3 To be a good learner（02语法巩固）（词汇语法复习）2026-2027学年译林版八年级英语上册

该初中英语单元知识清单系统梳理了八年级上册Unit 3“To be a good learner”的核心语法内容，涵盖副词比较级和最高级、反身代词、名词后缀-er/-or/-ist三大知识范畴，搭建了从“核心用法解析”到“变化规则归纳”再到“语境例句应用”的递进式学习支架。 清单采用“分类呈现+分级练习”的方式构建知识体系，如将副词不规则变化标注为“必考重点”，反身代词搭配“teach oneself”等高频短语，培养学生的语言能力和学习能力。设计了多样化练习模块，包括单项选择、单词拼写等，且题目紧扣语法要点，不同基础学生可针对性巩固，教师可据此优化教学环节，提升课堂效率。

2026-2027学年上学期八年级英语单元词汇与语法巩固(译林版2024) Unit 3 To be a good learner语法巩固 目录 第一部分 要点回顾锁定基础 高效复习 第二部分 能力提升深度优化 扫清盲区 ◇Part 01 要点回顾 单元核心语法 要点一：副词的比较级和最高级 1. 核心用法 副词比较级用于两者之间的动作、行为、状态对比，常搭配than使用；副词最高级用于三者及以上的人或事物的动作对比，常搭配范围标志词（of all, in...等）使用。其变化规则与形容词比较级、最高级基本一致，分为规则变化和不规则变化。 2. 变化规则 （1）单音节短副词：直接加er变比较级，加est变最高级 例：hard（努力地）--- harder --- hardest；fast（快速地）--- faster --- fastest；high（高地）--- higher --- highest （2）以y结尾的短副词：变y为i，加er/est 例：early（早地）--- earlier --- earliest；late（晚地）--- later --- latest （3）多音节/部分双音节副词：前面加more变比较级，加most变最高级，词尾不变 例：quickly（快速地）--- more quickly --- most quickly；carefully（认真地）--- more carefully --- most carefully （4）不规则变化（必考重点）：无固定规则，需特殊记忆 例：well（好地）--- better --- best；badly（糟糕地）--- worse --- worst；far（远地）--- further/farther --- furthest/farthest 例句： He works harder than his classmates. 他比同学们学习更努力。（比较级，两者对比） She reads the fastest of all the students in the class. 她是班里所有学生中读书最快的。（最高级，三者以上对比） Tom speaks English more carefully than Jack. 汤姆说英语比杰克更认真。（多音节副词比较级） Lucy sings best among all the girls. 露西是所有女孩里唱歌最好的。（不规则最高级） 要点二：反身代词 1. 核心用法 反身代词表示“某人自己”，当句子的主语和宾语为同一个人/事物时，必须使用反身代词，不能使用人称代词。主要用于强调主语动作作用于自身，或表达独立完成动作。 2. 词形变化 单数：myself（我自己）、yourself（你自己）、himself（他自己）、herself（她自己）、itself（它自己） 复数：ourselves（我们自己）、yourselves（你们自己）、themselves（他们自己） 【 高频搭配】 teach oneself 自学；enjoy oneself 过得愉快；by oneself 独自地；set goals for oneself 为自己设定目标 例句： He taught himself paper-cutting in his free time. 他在空闲时间自学剪纸。（主语宾语一致） We should set clear learning goals for ourselves. 我们要为自己设定清晰的学习目标。 She can finish her homework by herself. 她可以独自完成作业。 They enjoyed themselves in the English study activity. 他们在英语学习活动中收获满满。 要点三：名词后缀-er/-or/-ist 1. 核心用法 通过在动词、名词后添加后缀-er、-or、-ist，可转化为表示“职业、身份、从业者”的人名词，是期末词形转换题型高频考点。 2. 使用规则 -er：如print-printer（印刷工）、write-writer（作家）、win-winner（获胜者） -or：如invent-inventor（发明家）、visit-visitor（参观者） -ist：如piano-pianist（钢琴家）、science-scientist（科学家）、biology-biologist（生物学家） 例句： Benjamin Franklin was a great inventor and scientist. 本杰明·富兰克林是伟大的发明家与科学家。 She wants to be a famous pianist in the future. 她未来想成为一名著名的钢琴家。 ◇Part 02 能力提升 提｜升｜练｜习 一、单项选择 1．—Your children can draw very well. But why not take part in the competition? —What a pity! Simon and Amy are unsure of ________ and a little bit shy. A．them B．they C．themselves D．their 2．—Who do you think will win the singing competition, Bob, Timo or Tom? —It must be Bob. I think he sings ________. A．beautifully B．more beautifully C．the most beautiful D．the most beautifully 3．After ________ tests and improvements, the team finally made a perfect new product. A．lifelong B．different C．countless D．brave 4．Keeping a good reading habit is a ________ treasure that will benefit you all your life. A．lifetime B．lifelong C．secret D．cheerful 5．—What about joining the English debate contest to practice our spoken English? —________. I have to prepare for the coming physics test these days. A．Sounds great B．Yes, please C．I’m afraid not D．I can’t agree more 6．— I can’t believe you worked out such a difficult problem ________! How did you make it? — By looking up related materials and thinking it over again and again. A．in time B．by chance C．for free D．by mistake 7．When you ________ new difficulties in study, try to solve them in different ways instead of giving up. A．give up B．look at C．run into D．think of 8．—The students created a new kind of smart alarm clock by themselves. —How amazing the ________ is! A．suggestion B．invention C．tradition D．information 9．________ English well, we should practice speaking every day. A．Learn B．Learning C．To learn D．Learned 10．Alice dances ________ than I, but she doesn’t dance ________ my sister. A．much well; as good as B．better; as well as C．better; as good as D．much good; as well as 11．—How can we deal with this problem according to Mark? —His report is strangely silent on it. So we have to solve the problem ________. A．for ourselves B．by ourselves C．by yourselves D．for yourselves 12．—How beautiful the music is! Did you teach ________ to play the ukulele? —No, I didn’t. It’s all because of my music teacher. She teaches ________ well. A．her; myself B．yourself; herself C．yourself; me D．you; myself 13．—Shall we use a camera to ________ a day of our school life on our School Open Day? —Of course. A．repeat B．respect C．record D．report 14．_________you train for the marathon, _________ progress you will make in your running speed. A．The more harder; the more B．The hardest; the most C．The harder; the most D．The harder; the more 15．To improve your writing, you should _________ a habit of reading English articles every day. A．develop B．create C．discover D．memorize 16．You can't learn English well _________ you pay enough attention to listening and speaking. A．if B．unless C．because D．when 17．— What is the secret of your excellent English? — ________. I never give up and keep practising every day. A．It never rains but it pours B．Many hands make light work C．Practice makes perfect D．Don’t put all your eggs in one basket 18．Bob has trouble ________ the word. That means he can’t get the ________ right. A．pronouncing; pronunciation B．pronounce; pronunciation C．pronunciation; pronounce D．pronunciation; pronouncing 19．—How do you improve your spoken English? —I improve it ________ talking with my foreign friend online every day. A．by B．with C．for D．in 20．—Doctor Lee, can you help that man in danger first? I’m afraid he is getting ________. —I will do it immediately. A．faster and faster B．worse and worse C．more and more healthily D．better and better 二、单词拼写 21．We should learn to look after ________ (we) rather than depend on our parents too much. 22．It is ________ (importance) for us to learn English well. 23．We should be ________ (create) when we study. 24．Suzy learns ________ (well) than any other student in our class. 25．—Everyone in our study group works ________ (hard) on the science project. —I agree. But our group leader works ________ (hard) than all the other members. 26．—I heard that Bob jumped ________ (high) in the school sports meeting last week. —Yes. He jumped even ________ (high) than the former school record holder. 27．The ________ (early) you arrive at the reading room, the more quiet seats you can choose. 28．The great ________ (invent) got over hundreds of failures before he made the first practical light bulb. 29．She practices ________ (play) the piano every day to improve her skills. 30．Please read the text ________ (loud) so that everyone can hear you. 31．“You are old enough to look after ________ (you) now.” The mother said to the twins. 32．—I hear Kitty did ________ (badly) of all in the last exam.       —I am afraid so. 33．The teacher spoke ________ (slow) so that everyone could understand her clearly. 34．Your ________ (pronounce) is getting better after you practice every morning. 35．My cousin is ________ (interest) in learning physics through online courses. 三、完成句子 36．她是一位很有天赋的设计师，既擅长绘画也擅长制作手工艺品。 She is ________ ________ ________, who is good at drawing as well as making handicrafts. 37．这款新的学习软件可以把英文文章翻译成多种不同的语言。 This new learning software can ________ English articles ________ many different languages. 38．她做作业比她哥哥细心得多。 She does her homework ________ ________ ________ ________ her brother. 39．如果你旅途中表现不好，我们就立刻回家。 If you _________ _________ during the trip, we will go home immediately. 40．不要总是将你自己与他人相比。 Don’t always ________ ________ ________ others. 41．哪个动物跑得最快？ Which animal ________ ________ ________? 42．我妹妹没人帮忙，自己学会了系鞋带。 My little sister ________ ________ how to tie shoes without anyone’s help. 43．我的表妹梦想将来成为一名科学家，研究太空。 My cousin dreams of ________ ________ ________ to study space in the future. 44．Jane似乎生病了。她是不是今天离开得比往常早？ Jane ________ ________. Did she leave ________ than usual? 45．让我们为自己设定目标，并迈出第一步。 Let’s ________ ________ ________ ________ and take the first step. 46．他昨晚独自一人安全到达了小村庄。 He arrived at the village safely ________ ________ last night. 47．他们相信孩子学习越努力，他们将来的生活会越幸福。 They believe that ________ ________ their children study, the happier life they will have in the future. 48．我宁愿待在家里看书，也不愿在大雨中出去。 I’d prefer to stay at home and read ________ ________ go out in the heavy rain. 49．当你学英语时，你不能只把注意力集中在语法上。 When you learn English, you can’t just ________ ________ grammar. 50．大声朗读练习发音怎么样? ________ ________ ________ ________ to practice pronunciation? 四、选词填空 fast  unless  useful  traditional  your  give  through  discuss  lose  engineer  choose Do you know unmanned supermarkets? This new supermarket is quite different from the 51 supermarket. In this kind of supermarket, you will buy things 52 than in the normal supermarket. When you walk into the supermarket, you can 53 almost anything you want to buy on the tablet. If you smile to the tablet, it will 54 you a special sale for your goods. The tablet can understand 55 facial expressions. The bigger you smile, the bigger sale you will get. After shopping, you can pay just 56 Alipay. During the World Internet Conference, the unmanned supermarket made its appearance in Wuzhen, Zhejiang Province. People from different countries 57 a lot about this kind of supermarket. Some 58 thought this kind of supermarket could be very 59 , but others worried it could certainly cause a lot of people 60 their jobs. What’s more, it’s not easy for many old people. They can’t pay 61 they know how to use Alipay well. What do you think of this kind of supermarket? 五、短文填空 在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式或时态。 China has made a plan to help its people with weight control. The plan was introduced at this year’s “two sessions (两会)”. Under the plan, “weight management clinics” will be set up in hospitals across the country. Doctors at these clinics will give medical 62 (suggest) on weight management. The number of obese people in China has 63 (great) increased over the past 40 years. In general, people are eating more and exercising 64 (little). By 2021, more than 400 million adults were too heavy. That’s more than double the number in the US or India. According to a study 65 (publish) in the medical journal The Lancet (《柳叶刀》), this number 66 (rise) to 630 million by 2050. Being overweight can harm health. It increases the risk of many diseases, such as high blood pressure and heart disease. Big 67 (city) like Beijing and Shanghai have already set up weight control clinics. They use safe ways to help people lose weight. These include healthy diets and 68 (tradition) Chinese medicine. People in rural areas need help too. A 2023 study found that the obesity rate (比率) of rural Chinese has begun to catch up to that of the urban peers since 2005. Many ads for weight-loss solutions can be found on Chinese social media. Some even sell “magic” pills. Experts say they can be 69 (danger). To find a safer solution, China is now making medicines to help control the desire for food. The government is calling for the support of hotels, schools and 70 (busy). Hotels are asked to, for example, put a scale in every room to remind guests to make healthy choices. Schools are encouraged to teach kids about healthy 71 (eat). In some cities, junk food isn’t allowed to be sold at or near schools. 参考答案 一、 1．C 【解析】句意：——你们的孩子们画画非常好。但是为什么不参加比赛呢？——真遗憾！Simon和Amy对他们自己不自信，并且有点害羞。 them他们；they他们；themselves他们自己；their他们的。当宾语和主语指代同一对象时，宾语需用反身代词。本句主语是Simon and Amy，宾语指代他们自己，应填themselves。 2．D 【解析】句意：——你认为谁会赢得歌唱比赛，鲍勃、蒂莫还是汤姆？——一定是鲍勃。我认为他唱得最动听。 beautifully动听地；more beautifully更动听地；the most beautiful最动听的；the most beautifully最动听地。根据“Bob, Timo or Tom?”可知，是三者之间进行比较，应使用最高级；修饰动词sings需用副词。用the most beautifully。 3．C 【解析】句意：经过无数次测试和改进，团队终于制造出了一款完美的新产品。 lifelong终身的；different不同的；countless无数的；brave勇敢的。结合“the team finally made a perfect new product”可知，完美的产品通常需要经过大量的测试和改进，countless意为“无数的”，符合语境。 4．B 【解析】句意：保持良好的阅读习惯是终身的财富，它将使你受益一生。 lifetime一生；lifelong终身的；secret秘密的；cheerful快乐的。根据后半句“that will benefit you all your life”可知，这笔财富将使人受益一生，空后是名词treasure，空处应是形容词lifelong。 5．C 【解析】句意：——参加英语辩论赛练习我们的口语怎么样？——恐怕不行。这几天我得准备即将到来的物理考试。 Sounds great听起来不错；Yes, please是的，请；I’m afraid not恐怕不行；I can’t agree more我完全同意。根据“I have to prepare for the coming physics test these days.”可知，说话人因要备考物理而婉拒了邀请，应填I’m afraid not。 6．A 【解析】句意：——我不敢相信你及时解出这么难的一道题！你是怎么做到的？——通过查阅相关资料并反复思考。 in time及时；by chance偶然；for free免费；by mistake错误地。结合语境，此处表达惊叹对方及时完成难题，其余选项均不符合语境。 7．C 【解析】句意：当你在学习中遇到新的困难时，试着用不同的方法去解决它们，而不是放弃。 give up放弃；look at看；run into遭遇/遇到（困难、问题等）；think of想起。根据“new difficulties”可知，此处表示在学习过程中碰到了难题，run into符合语境。 8．B 【解析】句意：——学生们自己创造了一种新型智能闹钟。——这个发明真令人惊叹！ suggestion建议；invention发明；tradition传统；information信息。根据“The students created a new kind of smart alarm clock by themselves”可知，学生们创造了一种新事物，属于发明，应填invention。 9．C 【解析】句意：为了学好英语，我们应该每天练习说。 根据“we should practice speaking every day”可知，每天练习说的目的是学好英语，动词不定式置于句首表示目的。应填To learn。 10．B 【解析】句意：爱丽丝跳舞比我更好，但她跳舞不如我姐姐一样好。 第一空后有“than”，需用比较级，修饰动词“dances”用副词well，其比较级为better；第二空为否定句中的同级比较（not as+形容词/副词原级+as），修饰动词“dance”需用副词well。应填better；as well as。 11．B 【解析】句意：—— 根据马克的看法，我们该如何处理这个问题？—— 他的报告对此只字不提。所以我们必须自己独立解决这个问题。 by oneself“独自、独立地（无人帮忙）”；for oneself“为自己”。马克对此问题只字不提，没人帮我们，只能独立解决，问句用 we，反身代词对应 ourselves。 12．C 【解析】句意：——音乐真美！你自学弹尤克里里吗？——不，我没有，这都归功于我的音乐老师，她教我教得好。 考查反身代词和宾格代词的辨析。her她；myself我自己；yourself你自己；herself她自己；me我；you你。第一空“teach...to play”表示“自学”时，需用反身代词，主语是“you”，故填yourself；第二空“She teaches...well”中，teach后接宾语，指音乐老师教“我”，用宾格me。故选C。 13．C 【解析】句意：——在学校开放日，我们用相机记录下我们学校生活的一天好吗？——当然可以。    考查动词辨析。repeat重复；respect尊重；record记录；report报道。根据“use a camera to…a day of our school life”可知，相机的功能是“记录”画面，“record”符合语义，故选C。 14．D 【解析】句意：你为马拉松训练得越刻苦，你在跑步速度上取得的进步就会越大。 考查比较级结构。the more harder形式错误，more不可修饰比较级harder；the hardest最刻苦的，最高级；the most最多的，最高级；the harder越刻苦，比较级；the more越多，比较级。分析句子可知，此处构成“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构，表示“越……越……”。故选D。 15．A 【解析】句意：为了提高你的写作，你应该养成每天阅读英语文章的习惯。 develop发展，培养；create创造；discover发现；memorize记忆。根据“...a habit of reading English articles every day.”可知，此处指养成阅读习惯，固定搭配develop a habit意为“养成习惯”。故选A。 16．B 【解析】句意：除非你足够重视听说，否则你学不好英语。 if如果；unless除非；because因为；when当……时候。根据“You can’t learn English well”与“you pay enough attention to listening and speaking”之间的逻辑关系可知，此处表示条件，意为“除非你足够重视……否则不能学好”，unless符合语境。故选B。 17．C 【解析】句意：——你英语优秀的秘诀是什么？——熟能生巧。我从不放弃并且每天坚持练习。 It never rains but it pours祸不单行；Many hands make light work众人拾柴火焰高；Practice makes perfect熟能生巧；Don’t put all your eggs in one basket不要把所有鸡蛋放在一个篮子里。根据答语后句“I never give up and keep practising every day”可知，说话者强调通过不断练习取得成功，熟才能生巧。应填Practice makes perfect。 18．A 【解析】句意：鲍勃单词发音有困难。这意味着他发音不对。 考查非谓语动词和名词。pronouncing“发音”，是动名词或现在分词形式；pronunciation“发音”，名词；pronounce“发音”，动词。根据“Bob has trouble …the word.”可知，have trouble (in) doing sth.“在做某事方面有困难”，此处应填动名词形式；根据“That means he can’t get the …right.”可知，空前有定冠词the，空处应填名词，作及物动词get的宾语。故选A。 19．A 【解析】句意：——你如何提高你的英语口语？——我通过每天在线上和我的外国朋友交谈来提高它。 by通过；with和……一起；for为了；in在……里面。根据问句“How do you improve your spoken English?”可知，询问提高口语的方式，“by+doing sth”为固定搭配，表示“通过做某事”的方法，by符合语境。 20．B 【解析】句意：——李医生，你能先帮那个有危险的男人吗？我恐怕他越来越严重了。——我马上做。 考查形容词、副词比较级辨析。faster and faster越来越快的；worse and worse越来越差的；more and more healthily越来越健康地；better and better越来越好的。根据“that man in danger”可知男人的情况是越来越坏的，“worse and worse”复合题意。故选B。 二、 21．ourselves 【解析】句意：我们应该学会照顾自己，而不是过多依赖父母。look after oneself表示“照顾自己”，主语是we，对应的反身代词是ourselves，意为“我们自己”。 22．important 【解析】句意：对我们来说学好英语很重要。本句使用It is+形容词+for sb. to do sth.的固定句型，括号内importance是名词，需要变为形容词important，因此填important。 23．creative 【解析】句意：我们学习的时候应该富有创造力。句中“be”动词后面需要接形容词作表语，create的形容词形式为creative，表示“有创造力的”。 24．better 【解析】句意：苏西比我们班上其他任何学生学得更好。than是比较级的标志，well的比较级为不规则变化better。 25． hard harder 【解析】句意：——我们学习小组的每个人在这个科学项目上都很努力。——我同意。但我们的组长比其他所有成员都更努力。hard“努力地”，第一空修饰动词works，直接使用副词原级hard即可；第二空后出现了标志词than，表示两者比较，需要使用hard的副词比较级形式harder，意为“更努力地”。 26． highest/the highest higher 【解析】句意： ——我听说鲍勃在上周的学校运动会上跳得最高。 ——是的。他跳得甚至比前学校纪录保持者还要高。根据句末的范围状语“in the school sports meeting”可知，是在所有参赛选手中进行比较(三者及以上)，应使用最高级。副词high的最高级是highest，可省略the，修饰动词jumped；根据动词“jumped”和“than”可知，此处使用副词high的比较级higher。 27．earlier 【解析】句意：你越早到达阅览室，能选择的安静座位就越多。early“早的/早地”，句中存在固定结构“the+比较级..., the+比较级...”，表示“越……，就越……”，此处需用early的副词比较级形式earlier。 28．inventor 【解析】句意：这位伟大的发明家在造出第一个实用灯泡之前克服了数百次失败。句子主语需要表示人的名词，用inventor表示“发明家”。The great inventor表示“这位伟大的发明家”，指代爱迪生。 29．playing 【解析】句意：她每天练习弹钢琴来提升自己的技能。括号内单词play为动词，句中存在固定搭配practice doing sth.，意为“练习做某事”，practice后需接动名词作宾语，因此将play变为动名词形式playing。 30．aloud/loudly 【解析】句意：请大声朗读课文，以便所有人都能听见你。此处需用副词修饰动词read，loud的副词形式为loudly“大声地”，aloud意为“大声地”，副词。故填aloud/loudly。 31．yourselves 【解析】句意：“你们现在长大了，可以照顾好自己了。”妈妈对这对双胞胎说。句中宾语和主语You指代同一对象，此处you指代复数“the twins”，需使用反身代词；you对应的复数反身代词为yourselves。 32．worst 【解析】句意：——我听说Kitty上次考试考得最差。——恐怕是这样。badly“严重地，差，恶劣地”，副词，再结合语境及“…of all in the last exam”可知，此处应指Kitty上次考试考得最差，应用其对应的副词最高级worst。故填worst。 33．slowly 【解析】句意：老师说得很慢，以便每个人都能清楚地听懂她的话。空格处需用副词修饰“spoke”，括号内所给词“slow”为形容词，其副词形式为“slowly”。 34．pronunciation 【解析】句意：在你每天早上练习之后，你的发音变得更好了。空格前有形容词性物主代词“Your”，后需填名词作主语；“pronounce”的名词形式为“pronunciation”，意为“发音”。 35．interested 【解析】句意：我的堂兄对通过网课学习物理感兴趣。固定搭配be interested in表示“对……感兴趣”，此处修饰My cousin，表示人的主观感受，需使用以-ed结尾的形容词，故填interested。 三、 36． a talented designer 【解析】原句的关键词是“一位很有天赋的设计师”。“一位”对应不定冠词a，talented是形容词，意为“有天赋的”，修饰名词designer，designer表示“设计师”，名词短语“a talented designer”，放在“She is”后面作表语。所以应填a；talented；designer。 37． translate into 【解析】句中can是情态动词，其后必须接动词原形。对比中英文句子，空缺处对应中文的“把……翻译成……”，对应的英文固定短语为translate... into...。故填translate；into。 38． much more carefully than 【解析】原句中“比……细心得多”是关键词。修饰动词does，需用副词carefully，“比……得多”表示比较，carefully是多音节副词，即more carefully；“多”表示程度深，需在比较级前加much修饰，构成much more carefully；比较对象her brother前需加连词than。 39． behave badly 【解析】对比所给中英文可知，填空处为“表现不好”， behave badly“表现不好”，if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，从句主语为you，因此动词用原形behave。故填behave；badly。 40． compare yourself with 【解析】compare ... with“把……和……相比”，Don’t后跟动词原形；yourself“你自己”。故填compare；yourself；with。 41． runs the fastest 【解析】根据句意可知，此处表达“跑得最快”，用动词“run”的第三人称单数形式“runs”来表示一般现在时中主语“animal”的动作，“the fastest”是副词“fast”的最高级形式，用来修饰“runs”，表示“最快地”。故填runs；the；fastest。 42． taught herself 【解析】对照中英文可知，空处表示“自己学会”，也就是“自学”，对应的短语是teach oneself，主语是“My little sister”，所以反身代词用herself；根据语境可知，时态是一般过去时，所以空处用动词的过去式。故填taught；herself。 43． becoming a scientist 【解析】根据语境可知，此处缺少“成为一名科学家”；由汉语提示可知，成为become，根据dream of doing sth.结构，此处应用动名词形式becoming；一名科学家a scientist。故填becoming；a；scientist。 44． seems ill earlier 【解析】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“似乎”，“生病”，和“早”。seem“似乎，好像”，系动词，由于主语是Jane，因此用三单形式seems；ill“有病的”，句中作表语；early“提前，提早”，副词，在句中修饰动词leave，根据“than usual”可知，此处应用比较级earlier。故填seems；ill；earlier。 45． set goals for ourselves 【解析】对照中英文，set goals for sb“为某人设定目标”符合题意，ourselves“我们自己”，“Let’s”接动词原形。故填set；goals；for；ourselves。 46． by himself 【解析】根据中英文可知，此处空对应的中文为“独自”，by oneself“独自”，此处主语为He，使用反身代词himself。故填by；himself。 47． the harder 【解析】根据“the happier”可知，此处考查“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构，表示“越……，就越……”；对比中英文可知，空处缺少“越努力”，hard“努力地”，副词，此处应用比较级harder“更努力地”修饰动词study，作状语。故填the；harder。 48． rather than 【解析】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺“也不愿”，“prefer to do sth rather than do sth”表示“宁愿做……而不愿做……”。故填rather；than。 49． focus on 【解析】由汉语和英语翻译可知，空格处缺少“集中”的英文。“focus on”意为“集中”，所以空格处填“focus on”。故填focus；on。 50． What/How about reading aloud 【解析】根据中文意思可知本题考查结构what/How about“……怎么样”及动词read“阅读”和副词aloud“大声地”。about为介词，后接动名词，一般用aloud修饰read等动词，故填What/How；about；reading；aloud。 四、 51．traditional 52．faster 53．choose 54．give 55．your 56．through 57．discussed 58．engineers 59．useful 60．to lose 61．unless 【解析】本文介绍了无人超市的购物流程、在乌镇世界互联网大会的亮相情况，以及人们对这种新型超市的不同看法。 51．句意：这种新型超市与传统超市有很大不同。此处需用形容词修饰名词supermarket，与“new”形成对比，traditional“传统的”，符合语境。 52．句意：在这种超市里，你买东西会比在普通超市里更快。句中出现比较标志词“than”，需使用副词的比较级，因此fast需变为比较级faster。 53．句意：当你走进超市，你可以在平板上选择几乎所有你想买的东西。情态动词“can”后接动词原形，结合语境“选择想买的东西”，用choose“选择”。 54．句意：如果你对着平板微笑，它会给你商品的特价优惠。助动词“will”后接动词原形，结合“give sb. sth.”（给某人某物）的固定搭配，give“给”符合语境。 55．句意：平板可以识别你的面部表情。此处需要形容词性物主代词修饰名词“facial expressions”，用your指代“你的”。 56．句意：购物后，你可以直接通过支付宝付款。结合语境“通过某种方式付款”，介词through“通过”，符合语境。 57．句意：来自不同国家的人讨论了很多关于这种超市的情况。根据上下文，事件发生在过去（世界互联网大会期间），需用一般过去时，因此discuss需变为过去式discussed。 58．句意：一些工程师认为这种超市可能非常有用。“some”后可接可数名词复数，结合语境“一些工程师”，因此engineer需变为复数形式engineers。 59．句意：一些工程师认为这种超市可能非常有用。此处需用形容词作表语，结合语境是“有用的”useful。 60．句意：但其他人担心这肯定会导致很多人失去工作。“cause sb. to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“导致某人做某事”，根据语境“lose jobs”为失去工作，lose需变为不定式形式to lose。 61．句意：除非他们很会用支付宝，否则无法付款。本句为条件状语从句，表达“除非……否则……”的含义，连词unless表示“除非”。 五、 62．suggestions 63．greatly 64．less 65．published 66．will rise 67．cities 68．traditional 69．dangerous 70．businesses 71．eating 【解析】本文主要讲述了中国政府针对国民体重控制问题推出的相关政策和措施，以及肥胖问题在中国的现状和影响。 62．句意：这些诊所的医生将给出体重管理的医学建议。“give”后面接名词作宾语，“suggest”是动词，其名词形式是“suggestion”，这里表示泛指，用复数形式“suggestions”。故填suggestions。 63．句意：在过去的40年里，中国肥胖人群的数量大幅增加。“increased”是动词，要用副词修饰，“great”是形容词，其副词形式是greatly“大大地”。故填greatly。 64．句意：总体而言，人们吃得更多，锻炼得更少。根据“more”可知，此处用比较级，“little”的比较级是“less”。故填less。 65．句意：根据发表在医学杂志《柳叶刀》上的一项研究，到2050年，这个数字将上升到6.3亿。“a study”和“publish”之间是被动关系，用过去分词作后置定语，“publish”的过去分词是“published”。故填published。 66．句意：根据发表在医学杂志《柳叶刀》上的一项研究，到2050年，这个数字将上升到6.3亿。根据“by 2050”可知，此处表示将来的动作，用一般将来时，其结构是“will + 动词原形”。故填will rise。 67．句意：像北京和上海这样的大城市已经设立了体重控制诊所。“city”是可数名词，这里表示泛指，用复数形式“cities”。故填cities。 68．句意：这些方法包括健康饮食和传统中医。“medicine”是名词，要用形容词修饰，“tradition”是名词，其形容词形式是“traditional”。故填traditional。 69．句意：专家说它们可能很危险。“be”后面接形容词作表语，“danger”是名词，其形容词形式是“dangerous”。故填dangerous。 70．句意：政府呼吁酒店、学校和企业给予支持。“hotels, schools”是名词，此处也要用可数名词复数，“busy”是形容词，其名词复数形式是“businesses”，表示“企业”。故填businesses。 71．句意：学校被鼓励教孩子们关于健康饮食的知识。“about”是介词，后面接名词作宾语，“eat”是动词，其名词形式是“eating”，“healthy eating”表示“健康饮食”。故填eating。 ( 一 / 1 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026-2027学年上学期八年级英语单元词汇与语法巩固(译林版2024) Unit 3 To be a good learner语法巩固 目录 第一部分 要点回顾锁定基础 高效复习 第二部分 能力提升深度优化 扫清盲区 ◇Part 01 要点回顾 单元核心语法 要点一：副词的比较级和最高级 1. 核心用法 副词比较级用于两者之间的动作、行为、状态对比，常搭配than使用；副词最高级用于三者及以上的人或事物的动作对比，常搭配范围标志词（of all, in...等）使用。其变化规则与形容词比较级、最高级基本一致，分为规则变化和不规则变化。 2. 变化规则 （1）单音节短副词：直接加er变比较级，加est变最高级 例：hard（努力地）--- harder --- hardest；fast（快速地）--- faster --- fastest；high（高地）--- higher --- highest （2）以y结尾的短副词：变y为i，加er/est 例：early（早地）--- earlier --- earliest；late（晚地）--- later --- latest （3）多音节/部分双音节副词：前面加more变比较级，加most变最高级，词尾不变 例：quickly（快速地）--- more quickly --- most quickly；carefully（认真地）--- more carefully --- most carefully （4）不规则变化（必考重点）：无固定规则，需特殊记忆 例：well（好地）--- better --- best；badly（糟糕地）--- worse --- worst；far（远地）--- further/farther --- furthest/farthest 例句： He works harder than his classmates. 他比同学们学习更努力。（比较级，两者对比） She reads the fastest of all the students in the class. 她是班里所有学生中读书最快的。（最高级，三者以上对比） Tom speaks English more carefully than Jack. 汤姆说英语比杰克更认真。（多音节副词比较级） Lucy sings best among all the girls. 露西是所有女孩里唱歌最好的。（不规则最高级） 要点二：反身代词 1. 核心用法 反身代词表示“某人自己”，当句子的主语和宾语为同一个人/事物时，必须使用反身代词，不能使用人称代词。主要用于强调主语动作作用于自身，或表达独立完成动作。 2. 词形变化 单数：myself（我自己）、yourself（你自己）、himself（他自己）、herself（她自己）、itself（它自己） 复数：ourselves（我们自己）、yourselves（你们自己）、themselves（他们自己） 【 高频搭配】 teach oneself 自学；enjoy oneself 过得愉快；by oneself 独自地；set goals for oneself 为自己设定目标 例句： He taught himself paper-cutting in his free time. 他在空闲时间自学剪纸。（主语宾语一致） We should set clear learning goals for ourselves. 我们要为自己设定清晰的学习目标。 She can finish her homework by herself. 她可以独自完成作业。 They enjoyed themselves in the English study activity. 他们在英语学习活动中收获满满。 要点三：名词后缀-er/-or/-ist 1. 核心用法 通过在动词、名词后添加后缀-er、-or、-ist，可转化为表示“职业、身份、从业者”的人名词，是期末词形转换题型高频考点。 2. 使用规则 -er：如print-printer（印刷工）、write-writer（作家）、win-winner（获胜者） -or：如invent-inventor（发明家）、visit-visitor（参观者） -ist：如piano-pianist（钢琴家）、science-scientist（科学家）、biology-biologist（生物学家） 例句： Benjamin Franklin was a great inventor and scientist. 本杰明·富兰克林是伟大的发明家与科学家。 She wants to be a famous pianist in the future. 她未来想成为一名著名的钢琴家。 ◇Part 02 能力提升 提｜升｜练｜习 一、单项选择 1．—Your children can draw very well. But why not take part in the competition? —What a pity! Simon and Amy are unsure of ________ and a little bit shy. A．them B．they C．themselves D．their 2．—Who do you think will win the singing competition, Bob, Timo or Tom? —It must be Bob. I think he sings ________. A．beautifully B．more beautifully C．the most beautiful D．the most beautifully 3．After ________ tests and improvements, the team finally made a perfect new product. A．lifelong B．different C．countless D．brave 4．Keeping a good reading habit is a ________ treasure that will benefit you all your life. A．lifetime B．lifelong C．secret D．cheerful 5．—What about joining the English debate contest to practice our spoken English? —________. I have to prepare for the coming physics test these days. A．Sounds great B．Yes, please C．I’m afraid not D．I can’t agree more 6．— I can’t believe you worked out such a difficult problem ________! How did you make it? — By looking up related materials and thinking it over again and again. A．in time B．by chance C．for free D．by mistake 7．When you ________ new difficulties in study, try to solve them in different ways instead of giving up. A．give up B．look at C．run into D．think of 8．—The students created a new kind of smart alarm clock by themselves. —How amazing the ________ is! A．suggestion B．invention C．tradition D．information 9．________ English well, we should practice speaking every day. A．Learn B．Learning C．To learn D．Learned 10．Alice dances ________ than I, but she doesn’t dance ________ my sister. A．much well; as good as B．better; as well as C．better; as good as D．much good; as well as 11．—How can we deal with this problem according to Mark? —His report is strangely silent on it. So we have to solve the problem ________. A．for ourselves B．by ourselves C．by yourselves D．for yourselves 12．—How beautiful the music is! Did you teach ________ to play the ukulele? —No, I didn’t. It’s all because of my music teacher. She teaches ________ well. A．her; myself B．yourself; herself C．yourself; me D．you; myself 13．—Shall we use a camera to ________ a day of our school life on our School Open Day? —Of course. A．repeat B．respect C．record D．report 14．_________you train for the marathon, _________ progress you will make in your running speed. A．The more harder; the more B．The hardest; the most C．The harder; the most D．The harder; the more 15．To improve your writing, you should _________ a habit of reading English articles every day. A．develop B．create C．discover D．memorize 16．You can't learn English well _________ you pay enough attention to listening and speaking. A．if B．unless C．because D．when 17．— What is the secret of your excellent English? — ________. I never give up and keep practising every day. A．It never rains but it pours B．Many hands make light work C．Practice makes perfect D．Don’t put all your eggs in one basket 18．Bob has trouble ________ the word. That means he can’t get the ________ right. A．pronouncing; pronunciation B．pronounce; pronunciation C．pronunciation; pronounce D．pronunciation; pronouncing 19．—How do you improve your spoken English? —I improve it ________ talking with my foreign friend online every day. A．by B．with C．for D．in 20．—Doctor Lee, can you help that man in danger first? I’m afraid he is getting ________. —I will do it immediately. A．faster and faster B．worse and worse C．more and more healthily D．better and better 二、单词拼写 21．We should learn to look after ________ (we) rather than depend on our parents too much. 22．It is ________ (importance) for us to learn English well. 23．We should be ________ (create) when we study. 24．Suzy learns ________ (well) than any other student in our class. 25．—Everyone in our study group works ________ (hard) on the science project. —I agree. But our group leader works ________ (hard) than all the other members. 26．—I heard that Bob jumped ________ (high) in the school sports meeting last week. —Yes. He jumped even ________ (high) than the former school record holder. 27．The ________ (early) you arrive at the reading room, the more quiet seats you can choose. 28．The great ________ (invent) got over hundreds of failures before he made the first practical light bulb. 29．She practices ________ (play) the piano every day to improve her skills. 30．Please read the text ________ (loud) so that everyone can hear you. 31．“You are old enough to look after ________ (you) now.” The mother said to the twins. 32．—I hear Kitty did ________ (badly) of all in the last exam.       —I am afraid so. 33．The teacher spoke ________ (slow) so that everyone could understand her clearly. 34．Your ________ (pronounce) is getting better after you practice every morning. 35．My cousin is ________ (interest) in learning physics through online courses. 三、完成句子 36．她是一位很有天赋的设计师，既擅长绘画也擅长制作手工艺品。 She is ________ ________ ________, who is good at drawing as well as making handicrafts. 37．这款新的学习软件可以把英文文章翻译成多种不同的语言。 This new learning software can ________ English articles ________ many different languages. 38．她做作业比她哥哥细心得多。 She does her homework ________ ________ ________ ________ her brother. 39．如果你旅途中表现不好，我们就立刻回家。 If you _________ _________ during the trip, we will go home immediately. 40．不要总是将你自己与他人相比。 Don’t always ________ ________ ________ others. 41．哪个动物跑得最快？ Which animal ________ ________ ________? 42．我妹妹没人帮忙，自己学会了系鞋带。 My little sister ________ ________ how to tie shoes without anyone’s help. 43．我的表妹梦想将来成为一名科学家，研究太空。 My cousin dreams of ________ ________ ________ to study space in the future. 44．Jane似乎生病了。她是不是今天离开得比往常早？ Jane ________ ________. Did she leave ________ than usual? 45．让我们为自己设定目标，并迈出第一步。 Let’s ________ ________ ________ ________ and take the first step. 46．他昨晚独自一人安全到达了小村庄。 He arrived at the village safely ________ ________ last night. 47．他们相信孩子学习越努力，他们将来的生活会越幸福。 They believe that ________ ________ their children study, the happier life they will have in the future. 48．我宁愿待在家里看书，也不愿在大雨中出去。 I’d prefer to stay at home and read ________ ________ go out in the heavy rain. 49．当你学英语时，你不能只把注意力集中在语法上。 When you learn English, you can’t just ________ ________ grammar. 50．大声朗读练习发音怎么样? ________ ________ ________ ________ to practice pronunciation? 四、选词填空 fast  unless  useful  traditional  your  give  through  discuss  lose  engineer  choose Do you know unmanned supermarkets? This new supermarket is quite different from the 51 supermarket. In this kind of supermarket, you will buy things 52 than in the normal supermarket. When you walk into the supermarket, you can 53 almost anything you want to buy on the tablet. If you smile to the tablet, it will 54 you a special sale for your goods. The tablet can understand 55 facial expressions. The bigger you smile, the bigger sale you will get. After shopping, you can pay just 56 Alipay. During the World Internet Conference, the unmanned supermarket made its appearance in Wuzhen, Zhejiang Province. People from different countries 57 a lot about this kind of supermarket. Some 58 thought this kind of supermarket could be very 59 , but others worried it could certainly cause a lot of people 60 their jobs. What’s more, it’s not easy for many old people. They can’t pay 61 they know how to use Alipay well. What do you think of this kind of supermarket? 五、短文填空 在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式或时态。 China has made a plan to help its people with weight control. The plan was introduced at this year’s “two sessions (两会)”. Under the plan, “weight management clinics” will be set up in hospitals across the country. Doctors at these clinics will give medical 62 (suggest) on weight management. The number of obese people in China has 63 (great) increased over the past 40 years. In general, people are eating more and exercising 64 (little). By 2021, more than 400 million adults were too heavy. That’s more than double the number in the US or India. According to a study 65 (publish) in the medical journal The Lancet (《柳叶刀》), this number 66 (rise) to 630 million by 2050. Being overweight can harm health. It increases the risk of many diseases, such as high blood pressure and heart disease. Big 67 (city) like Beijing and Shanghai have already set up weight control clinics. They use safe ways to help people lose weight. These include healthy diets and 68 (tradition) Chinese medicine. People in rural areas need help too. A 2023 study found that the obesity rate (比率) of rural Chinese has begun to catch up to that of the urban peers since 2005. Many ads for weight-loss solutions can be found on Chinese social media. Some even sell “magic” pills. Experts say they can be 69 (danger). To find a safer solution, China is now making medicines to help control the desire for food. The government is calling for the support of hotels, schools and 70 (busy). Hotels are asked to, for example, put a scale in every room to remind guests to make healthy choices. Schools are encouraged to teach kids about healthy 71 (eat). In some cities, junk food isn’t allowed to be sold at or near schools. ( 一 / 1 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $