Unit 2 Inspiring People 单元知识点过关（精练）2026-2027学年九年级英语上册单元核心知识精讲精练（新教材人教版）

Unit2 Inspiring People单元知识点过关练 一、单词拼写 1．________________(多亏，由于) the AI, it’s possible to experience driverless vehicles. 2．Her work means that she spends long ________ (一段时间) away from home. 3．We are doing our best to push forward the development of the teaching of ________ (木工工艺) and other practical subjects, including physical training. 4．I would like to express my thanks for your ________ (善良). 5．Thomas Edison was the ________ (发明家) of the electric light bulb. 6．He was known for being an original ________ (思想家). 7．I stayed at home to improve my maths during my _________ (整个的) summer vacation. 8．As a _________ (生物学家), Lamarck was equal to Darwin. 9．Mike has been a __________ (银行) clerk since he graduated from school. 10．Just keep telling yourself that it won’t last __________ (永远). 11．Our country needs to take a ________ (科学的) path to development. 12．I heard the news on the ________ (无线电广播) this morning. 13．Let me check my ________ (日历) to see if I am free on Friday. 14．Teachers should ________ (鼓励) students to ask questions in class. 15．Yuan Longping was a ________ (先驱) in the research of hybrid rice. 二、翻译 16．留下；遗留 ________ 17．继续存在；继续活着 ________ 18．这些年来 ________ 19．从……消失 ________ 20．年仅15岁时 ________ 21．对……表现出深深的爱和好奇 ________ 22．生活的焦点 (重心) ________ 23．种子银行 ________ 24．勇敢面对寒冷的天气 ________ 25．向某人提供某物 ________ 26．在科学探索的道路上 ________ 27．上大学 ________ 28．中国历史上最鼓舞人心的人物之一 _________________ 29．擅长木工手艺 _________________ 30．最重要的是 _________________ 31．春秋战国时期 _________________ 32．彼此交战 _________________ 33．普通百姓 _________________ 34．给予同等的善意与关怀 _________________ 35．构建人类命运共同体 _________________ 三、单项选择 36．It’s important for us ________ the writer’s way of creating characters. A．study B．to study C．studying D．studied 37．We should try every means to _________ pollution. A．fight for B．fight against C．fight with D．fight to 38．Mozi spent his whole _________ trying to get peace for common people. A．life B．kindness C．wisdom D．intelligence 39．Any furniture you buy must be cheap, attractive and, _________, practical. A．all in all B．of all C．after all D．above all 40．“Time and tide wait for no man.” My dear students, it’s time for us to step out of the comfort zone that we ________, to challenge ourselves. A．used to B．are used C．are used to 41．Mozi was a great ________ in ancient China. He came up with many important ideas. A．scientist B．thinker C．engineer D．pilot 42．Though Confucius lived more than 2,000 years ago, his ideas of education _________. A．live up to B．live on C．live for D．live with 43．We should work hard to build a better future for all _________. A．daughter B．mankind C．pioneer D．inventor 44．The ________ of the Wright brothers made it possible for people to travel by air. A．inspiration B．invention C．discovery D．achievement 45．—Who is the man ________ is talking with our teacher? —He is a famous writer. A．which B．whose C．who D．whom 46．Mozi believed in kindness, and states should avoid ________ one another. A．attack B．to attack C．attacking D．attacked 47．The reason why he succeeded is his hard work and strong _________. A．idea B．view C．belief D．ideal 48．Wang Yaping is full of ________. She was China’s first woman to walk in space. A．encourage B．courageously C．courageous D．courage 49．It was in the Eastern Han Dynasty ________ Cai Lun improved the paper-making technique. A．where B．who C．which D．that 50．Many young people ________ Zhong Yang and find him an inspiring person. A．look up to B．look after C．look for D．look through 四、选词填空 用for或of填空 51．It’s important us to learn English well. 52．It was kind you to help me with my homework. 53．It’s difficult him to finish the work in one day. 54．It was clever the little girl to answer the question correctly. 55．It’s necessary students to listen carefully in class. 56．It’s rude the boy to shout at his mother. 57．It’s easy us to chat online now. 58．It was brave the firefighter to save the child from the fire. 59．It’s dangerous children to play near the river alone. 60．It was careless her to lose the keys. 三、选词填空（词形需根据句子变形） with ease, look up to, step by step, bring about, take advantage of, live on, come across, leave behind, build up, in addition 61．Modern transport great changes to people’s daily travel. 62．All students those devoted scientists who make great contributions. 63．Small wild plants nutrients from rainwater and soil in mountain areas. 64．You will many new useful words while reading English newspapers. 65．The old researcher lots of valuable articles for young learners. 66．You can solve simple grammar problems after daily practice. 67．We should all learning materials in the school library. 68．It takes time to your listening skills through daily training. 69．Mastering language knowledge needs to be learned , not in a hurry. 70． , watching English videos helps improve oral pronunciation quickly. 阅读短文，从方框中选出恰当的单词并用其适当形式填空，使短文通顺、意义完整。每空仅填一词，每词仅用一次。 increase   although   thank   remember   kind   farm   spend   research   popular   special Watermelons are 71 around the world. Nearly 70% of them have entered the stomachs of Chinese people. When sitting in the room eating watermelons freely, we should 72 our melon queen (女王)—Wu Mingzhu. Wu Mingzhu was born in January 1930 in Wuhan City, Hubei Province. It was hard to believe that Wu Mingzhu would do 73 work on the melon land. After finishing her studies in university, she went to Xinjiang to begin her 74 on melons. She and the whole team 75 3 years travelling to the melon lands there. By 1962, they had visited more than 300 production (生产) teams. Their handwritten information has over five million words. According to the information, they saved many endangered melons. In 1973, Wu Mingzhu went to Hainan. 76 the conditions there were even more difficult than those in Xinjiang, she never gave up. She kept thinking about what to do to 77 the growing speed. Because of her hard work, Wu Mingzhu has developed many different 78 of melons. 79 to her, we can eat melons as we want, instead of only eating them during festivals or on 80 days. So don’t forget our melon queen. 五、完形填空 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Under the burning sun, an elderly man moved slowly through a sea of green rice. He picked an ear of rice, checked it with an expert 81 , and moved on. He worked from morning to night, checking countless rice plants. No one could imagine 82 this farmer had done the day before. President Xi Jinping had presented him with the Medal of the Republic. His name was Yuan Longping. Yuan was born in Beijing in 1930. In his youth, he was sad to discover that many Chinese people suffered from hunger. After leaving college in 1953, Yuan 83 nearly 70 years solving this problem. He believed deeply that “ 84 is the most important thing in the world”. He dreamed of 85 more productive rice plants. However, it was easier said than done. Over 3,000 of his experiments failed. “ 86 is very common in scientific research,” he once said. “Every time I fall down, I’ll 87 and try again.” He travelled around China to realize his dream. He said, “I never stopped, like a bird going 88 the warmth of the sun.” Finally, he succeeded in developing new types of rice plants. One produced 30% more rice than normal plants. Another could grow in the poor soils which cover large areas of China. But Yuan didn't stop there. He had an even greater dream: a rice plant that would feed the whole world. Later, age made it more 89 for him to work. Yuan just moved his house next to the rice fields! Yuan passed away in 2021, 90 his dreams live on. His lifelong efforts have helped to feed 80 million more people a year. Yuan is remembered as a national hero and his example continues to encourage people to follow in his footsteps. 81．A．eye B．nose C．arm 82．A．how B．what C．where 83．A．used B．took C．spent 84．A．air B．water C．food 85．A．finding B．making C．developing 86．A．Study B．Failure C．Progress 87．A．get up B．look up C．give up 88．A．up B．with C．after 89．A．enjoyable B．difficult C．careful 90．A．but B．then C．so 六、阅读理解 请阅读下面短文，根据其内容，从方框内所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使其意思通顺，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有一项为多余项。 Zhen-Ning Yang, a world-famous physicist, passed away in Beijing at the age of 103. His long life was filled with great achievements, and he always held a deep, warm love for our motherland. Born in Hefei in 1922, Yang grew up in a family full of knowledge. His parents were both well-educated, so he grew up with books from a young age. 91 Later, he studied at National Southwestern Associated University—a school that trained many great minds. There, he worked really hard and learned well in physics. After graduation, Yang decided to study in the U.S. 92 . He spent years learning and doing research there. In 1954, his partner Robert Mills and he came up with the “Yang-Mills gauge theory.” This theory became a basic one of modern physics and helped scientists understand the world better. A few years later, in 1957, he won the Nobel Prize in Physics with Tsung-Dao Lee. This made him known all over the world. Even though he lived abroad, Yang never forgot his home country. In 1971, he made a historic trip back to China. 93 He encouraged Chinese researchers in other countries to come back and use their skills to help China develop. What’s more, he supported many Chinese students to study abroad and gain new knowledge. In 1999, Yang returned to China and worked in Tsinghua University. 94 He worked hard to improve China’s basic physics research, hoping to help more young scientists grow. Yang lived a simple life and did a lot of things, even though he was a famous scientist. He gave away books and manuscripts to Tsinghua to support research. He often talked to young people and shared his thoughts with them. 95 In this way, the young can continue to learn about the secrets of science and help the development of the nation. A．This visit broke the ice for exchanges between China and the U. S. B．At the university, he taught physics classes and started new programs. C．He showed early talent in math and physics because of family influence. D．Professor Yang, you’re a true hero who guides young people to love learning. E．He received a PhD．from the University of Chicago and worked at a top research center. F．He also encouraged them to love science, fight for truth, and work hard to serve our beloved country. Yang Zhenning, a great physicist, passed away on October 18, 2025, in Beijing at 103. He was born in Anhui in 1922. As a child, he loved science. He studied at Southwest Associated University, a famous school that trained many good students during hard times. Later, he studied in the US at the University of Chicago. In 1957, Yang and his friend Li Zhengdao won the Nobel Prize in Physics. They did important work on the “parity non-conservation” theory (宇称不守恒). This changed how scientists understand the universe. Also, Yang’s “Yang-Mills Gauge Theory” (杨米尔斯理论) is a very important part of modern physics, just like Einstein’s theory of relativity (相对论). Though he lived in the US for many years, Yang always loved China. In 1971, he was the first Chinese scholar to visit China after a long time, helping China and the US have academic (学术的) talks again. He advised the Chinese government to improve basic science research and helped nearly 100 Chinese students study in the US. At the age of 77, he came back to work at Tsinghua University, training young scientists and helping physics develop in China. Yang loved science and his country. His motto was “Be honest rather than clever,” which encourages young people to seek truth in science and life. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 96．Why is Southwest Associated University mentioned? A．It’s where Yang was born. B．It’s where Yang studied science. C．It’s where Yang won the Nobel Prize. D．It’s where Yang worked when old. 97．What made Yang and Li Zhengdao win the Nobel Prize? A．The “Yang-Mills Gauge Theory”. B．The theory of relativity. C．The “parity non-conservation” theory. D．Their work on basic science education. 98．When did Yang start to work at Tsinghua University? A．In 1957. B．In 1971. C．In 1999. D．In 2025. 99．Which one is the correct order according to the passage? ① Yang Zhenning won the Nobel Prize. ② Yang Zhenning studied at Southwest Associated University. ③ Yang Zhenning came back to work at Tsinghua University. ④ Yang Zhenning visited China and helped China-US academic talks. A．②①④③ B．①②④③ C．②④①③ D．①④②③ 100．What can we learn from Yang’s motto? A．It’s better to be smart than honest. B．Honesty is more important than being clever in science. C．Clever people don’t need to be honest. D．Honesty helps people make more money. Su Shi is a famous Chinese writer, poet and painter. When he was young, he read a lot of books and wrote many good articles. People thought highly of him. Because of this, he became very arrogant and wrote a couplet (对联) for himself. Knowing all the words in the world; Reading all the books on the earth. A wise old man saw this couplet and thought, “It is necessary for Su Shi to learn how to be modest (谦逊的).” So, one day, he came to Su Shi’s house with a book. The old man showed Su Shi the book and explained, “There are some difficult words that I can’t understand in the book. I have asked many people, but none of them could understand their meanings. I have heard that you are a person of rich knowledge, so I come to ask you.” Full of confidence, Su Shi opened the book, but he became very surprised. There were many words he didn’t know. At that moment, Su Shi realized that there were many more things that he had to learn. Actually, the old man knew every word in this book. He just wanted to make Su Shi know the importance of being modest. Su Shi was embarrassed . Then he quickly took his brush and ink and added some words to the couplet: Working hard to know all the words in the world; Being determined to read all the books on the earth. From then on, he worked even harder than before. Finally, Su Shi made great achievements in many fields, especially in literature . 101．What does the underlined word “arrogant” mean in the text? A．傲慢的 B．粗心的 C．诚实的 102．Why did the old man visit Su Shi with a book? A．Because he wanted to teach Su Shi a lesson. B．Because he asked Su Shi for help. C．Because Su Shi was rich in knowledge. 103．What do we know from the text? A．Su Shi was not good at writing when he was young. B．Su Shi changed the couplet and worked harder. C．Su Shi was very interested in the book the old man brought him. 104．What can we learn from the story? A．Failure is the mother of success. B．Practice makes perfect. C．There is no end to learning. In AD 383, the king of Former Qin, Fu Jian, led a huge army (军队) to attack Eastern Jin. Fu Jian thought he would win the battle (战役), but he was wrong. They were defeated by the army of Eastern Jin. After losing the battle, Fu Jian led his soldiers (士兵) to run away into a city. One day, Fu Jian stood on the city wall. He looked down from the city wall. Then he saw some enemy soldiers from Eastern Jin. The enemy soldiers were shouting loudly. They were full of energy. Every enemy soldier looked brave. Fu Jian looked around and he saw some mountains around the city. There were some grass and trees on the mountains. When Fu Jian saw the grass and trees, he mistook them for enemy soldiers. He was very frightened and nervous. He didn’t have enough confidence (信心) to win the battle. Later on, Fu Jian had to lead his soldiers to get into a battle again. Fu Jian and his soldiers were defeated again without doubt. 105．What did Fu Jian see when he looked down from the city wall? A．Soldiers from Qin. B．Soldiers from Eastern Jin. C．Some mountains. D．Some rivers. 106．How did Fu Jian feel after he saw the grass and trees? A．Frightened. B．Excited. C．Happy. D．Relaxed. 107．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Fu Jian’s soldiers were always full of energy. B．Fu Jian was a great king and he was brave in the battle. C．Fu Jian won the second battle according to the story. D．Fu Jian was defeated twice according to the story. 108．The passage is written to ________. A．describe a king B．introduce Fu Jian C．tell a Chinese story D．describe Fu Jian’s success 七、完成句子 109．艾伦·图灵坚持钻研，成为了现代计算机科学的伟大先驱。 Alan Turing kept studying and became a great pioneer of ________ ________ ________. 110．对他而言，所有人都应当对他人施以同样的仁慈与关怀，不论对方是家人、朋友还是陌生人，这一点至关重要。 It was ________ _________ him that everyone should show the same kindness and care to everyone else, _________ they were family, friends _________ strangers. 111．如今，全世界人民比以往任何时候都更需要聆听和平与爱的理念，携手共建人类命运共同体。 Now, more than ever, people around the world need to hear the message of peace and love, and work together to build a community with________ _________ _________ _________ _________. 112．南丁格尔开创现代护理，让人们意识到我们急需更洁净的医院来阻断疾病传播。 Florence Nightingale created modern nursing and made people know we needed ________ ________ ________ to stop the spread of diseases. 113．伊桑巴德·布鲁内尔修建了英国的主要铁路，帮助英国发展成一个现代化国家。 Isambard Brunel built major British railways and helped the UK develop into ________ ________ ________. 八、书面表达 114．在我们的生活中，总有一些人让我们敬佩。请以”The Person I Admire Most”为题，写一篇英语短文，介绍你最敬佩的人。 内容提示： 1. 你最敬佩的人是谁？他/她的职业是什么？ 2. 你为什么敬佩他/她？（至少两个理由） 3. 他/她如何鼓励了你？你从他/她身上学到了什么？ 要求：1. 包含所有提示内容，可适当发挥；2. 语句通顺，条理清晰； 3. 词数80-100词；4. 文中不得出现真实姓名和学校。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试卷第2页（共10页） 试卷第1页（共11页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 参考答案 题号 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 答案 B B A D C B B B B C 题号 46 47 48 49 50 81 82 83 84 85 答案 C C D D A A B C C C 题号 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 答案 B A C B A C E A B F 题号 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 答案 B C C A B A A B C B 题号 106 107 108 答案 A D C 1． Thanks to 【详解】句意：多亏了人工智能，我们才能体验无人驾驶车辆。根据汉语提示可知，thanks to意为“多亏，由于”。放句首，首字母大写。故填Thanks；to。 2．periods 【详解】句意：她的工作意味着她要长时间离家。period表示“一段时间”，long后可接可数名词复数表示泛指，故填periods。 3．woodwork 【详解】句意：我们正尽力推进木工工艺以及劳动、体育等实践类学科教学的发展。根据汉语提示，woodwork表示“木工工艺”，是不可数名词。 4．kindness 【详解】句意：我想对你的善意表达我的感谢。形容词性物主代词your后面需要接名词；kind的名词形式是kindness，意为善良，不可数名词。 5．inventor 【详解】句意：托马斯·爱迪生是电灯泡的发明者。inventor意为“发明家”，主语是一个人，用单数名词，因此填inventor。 6．thinker 【详解】句意：他作为一位有独创性的思想家而出名。括号内提示汉语为“思想家”，对应单词thinker。句中有不定冠词an，后面需接可数名词单数，符合语境。故填thinker。 7．whole 【详解】句意：整个暑假我都待在家里提高我的数学。whole“整个的”，形容词，可作定语，修饰名词短语summer vacation。 8．biologist 【详解】句意：作为一名生物学家，拉马克与达尔文不相上下。根据汉语提示，biologist“生物学家”，前有不定冠词a，此处用单数即可。 9．bank 【详解】句意：Mike自从毕业以来就一直是一名银行职员。根据中文提示可知，“银行”对应的英文是bank，是可数名词，此处作定语修饰clerk，用单数形式，故填bank。 10．forever 【详解】句意：只要不断告诉自己，它不会永远持续下去。“永远”对应的英文表达是forever，作状语。 11．scientific 【详解】句意：我们的国家需要走科学的发展道路。括号内中文提示为“科学的”，对应形容词“scientific”，作定语修饰“path”，故填scientific。 12．radio 【详解】句意：我今天早上通过无线电广播听到了这则新闻。radio表示无线电广播，固定搭配on the radio表示在无线电广播上。 13．calendar 【详解】句意：让我查看我的日程表，看看我周五是否有空。此处需要名词作宾语，结合汉语提示，calendar表示“日历、日程表”，符合语境。 14．encourage 【详解】句意：老师们应该鼓励学生在课堂上提问。根据汉语提示可知，encourage“鼓励”，动词；又因为空前的should是情态动词，情态动词后要接动词原形，所以直接填encourage即可。 15．pioneer 【详解】句意：袁隆平曾是杂交水稻领域的一位先驱。不定冠词a后接可数名词单数，根据汉语提示可知，名词pioneer翻译为“先驱”符合语境，使用单数形式。故填pioneer。 16．leave behind 17．live on 18．over these years 19．disappear from 20．at the age of only 15 21．show deep love for and a curiosity about 22．the focus of life 23．seed banks 24．brave the cold weather 25．provide sb. with sth. 26．on the road of scientific exploration 27．enter university 【解析】略 28．one of the most inspiring people in Chinese history 29．be good at woodwork 30．above all 31．the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Periods 32．fight against each other 33．common people 34．show the same kindness and care to others 35．build a community of a shared future for mankind 【解析】略 36．B 【详解】句意：对我们来说研究这位作家塑造人物的方法是很重要的。 固定句型“It’s+adj.+for sb.+to do sth.”，意为“做某事对某人来说是……的”，It是形式主语，动词不定式是真正主语，应填to study。 37．B 【详解】句意：我们应该想尽一切办法去与污染作斗争。 fight for为……而奋斗；fight against与……作斗争；fight with与……打架；fight to不是固定搭配，一般后面接不定式表示“奋力做某事”。根据“pollution”可知，是指与污染作斗争，应填fight against。 38．A 【详解】句意：墨子花费了他的一生试图为百姓争取和平。 life一生；kindness善良；wisdom智慧；intelligence智力。根据“Mozi spent his whole... trying to get peace for common people.”可知，此处指墨子为了百姓和平花费了他全部的时间，spend one’s whole life doing sth.意为“花费某人的一生做某事”，固定搭配。 39．D 【详解】句意：你买的任何家具必须便宜、好看，而且最重要的是实用。 all in all总而言之；of all在所有……之中；after all毕竟；above all最重要的是。根据“cheap, attractive and, ..., practical.”可知，此处是在列举家具特点后，特别强调“实用”这一最关键的条件，above all符合逻辑。 40．C 【详解】句意：“岁月不待人。”我亲爱的学生们，是时候让我们走出我们习惯于的舒适区去挑战自我了。 used to过去常常；are used被使用；are used to习惯于。根据“step out of the comfort zone that we...”可知，此处是that引导的定语从句，修饰comfort zone，句意表示走出我们“习惯于”的舒适区，应填are used to。 41．B 【详解】句意：墨子是中国古代一位伟大的思想家。他提出了许多重要的思想。   scientist科学家；thinker思想家；engineer工程师；pilot飞行员。根据“came up with many important ideas”可知，墨子提出许多重要的思想，是思想家，应用thinker。 42．B 【详解】句意：虽然孔子生活在两千多年前，但他的教育思想继续流传。 live up to不辜负，达到，后面必须接宾语，不能单独使用；live on继续存在、流传，可单独作谓语；live for为……而活，后接宾语；live with和……同住，后接宾语。根据“Though Confucius lived more than 2,000 years ago,”可知，前后句意存在转折关系，虽然人已经不在了，但他的思想仍然继续存在，应填live on。 43．B 【详解】句意：我们应该努力工作，为所有人类建设一个更美好的未来。 daughter女儿；mankind人类；pioneer先锋；inventor发明家。根据“We should work hard to build a better future for all...”可知，此处指为全人类建设美好未来，应填mankind。 44．B 【详解】句意：莱特兄弟的发明使人们乘飞机旅行成为可能。 inspiration灵感；invention发明；discovery发现；achievement成就。根据“the Wright brothers”和“travel by air”可知，飞机使空中旅行变为可能，它属于莱特兄弟的“发明”。应选invention。 45．C 【详解】句意：——那个正在和我们老师谈话的男人是谁？——他是一位著名的作家。 which哪个（指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语）；whose谁的（指所属关系）；who谁（指人，在定语从句中作主语）；whom谁（指人，在定语从句中作宾语）。先行词“the man”指人，关系词在定语从句“is talking”中作主语，应用who。 46．C 【详解】句意：墨子主张兼爱，国家之间应该避免相互攻击。 固定搭配avoid doing sth意为“避免做某事”，avoid后接动名词作宾语，应填attacking。 47．C 【详解】句意：他成功的原因是他努力的工作和坚定的信念。 idea主意；view观点；belief信念；ideal理想。根据“The reason why he succeeded is his hard work and strong...”可知，成功除了努力还需要坚定的信念支撑，belief符合语境。 48．D 【详解】句意：王亚平充满勇气。她是中国首位进行太空行走的女性。 encourage鼓励；courageously勇敢地；courageous勇敢的；courage勇气。固定搭配be full of后接名词，根据“She was China’s first woman to walk in space”的语境可知，此处需填courage表示“勇气”，应填courage。 49．D 【详解】句意：正是在东汉时期，蔡伦改进了造纸术。 where关系副词（指地点，作状语）；who关系代词（指人，作主语/宾语）；which关系代词（指物，作主语/宾语）；that关系代词/连接词（用于强调句）。根据题干“It was...that...”是强调句型，强调时间状语in the Eastern Han Dynasty，应填that。 50．A 【详解】句意：许多年轻人钦佩钟扬，并且发现他是一个鼓舞人心的人。 look up to钦佩；look after照顾；look for寻找；look through浏览。根据“find him an inspiring person”可知，他是一个鼓舞人心的人，推测出年轻人钦佩他。应填look up to。 51．for 52．of 53．for 54．of 55．for 56．of 57．for 58．of 59．for 60．of 【详解】51．句意：学好英语对我们来说很重要。空格前形容词important是描述“学好英语这件事”的属性，不是描述人的品质，需用介词for。 52．句意：你帮我做家庭作业，你真是太好了。空格前形容词kind用来描述人的品性、品德，需用介词of。 53．句意：对他来说在一天之内完成这项工作很难。空格前形容词difficult是描述“一天完成工作这件事”的属性，不是描述人的品质，需用介词for。 54．句意：这个小女孩能正确回答问题，真聪明。空格前形容词clever用来描述人的品性，需用介词of。 55．句意：学生在课堂上认真听讲是有必要的。空格前形容词necessary是描述“上课认真听讲这件事”的属性，不是描述人的品质，需用介词for。 56．句意：这个男孩对他妈妈大喊大叫，很粗鲁。空格前形容词rude用来描述人的品性，需用介词of。 57．句意：现在网上聊天对我们来说很容易。空格前形容词easy是描述“网上聊天这件事”的属性，不是描述人的品质，需用介词for。 58．句意：消防员从火中救出孩子，十分勇敢。空格前形容词brave用来描述人的品性，需用介词of。 59．句意：小孩子独自在河边玩耍是危险的。空格前形容词dangerous是描述“孩子独自在河边玩耍这件事”的属性，不是描述人的品质，需用介词for。 60．句意：她弄丢钥匙，太粗心了。空格前形容词careless用来描述人的品性，需用介词of。 61．brings about 62．look up to 63．live on 64．come across 65．left behind 66．with ease 67．take advantage of 68．build up 69．step by step 70．In addition 【详解】61．句意：现代交通给人们的日常出行带来了巨大变化。后文“great changes”提示此处指“带来”变化，备选词bring about表示“带来/引起”，主语“Modern transport”为单数，描述客观事实用一般现在时，故填brings about。 62．句意：所有学生都尊敬那些做出巨大贡献的具有献身精神的科学家。后文“those devoted scientists”提示此处指“尊敬”科学家，备选词look up to表示“尊敬/钦佩”，主语“All students”为复数，描述客观事实用一般现在时，故填look up to。 63．句意：小型野生植物依靠山区雨水和土壤生存。后文“nutrients from rainwater and soil”提示此处指“依靠”这些生存，备选词live on表示“以……为食/依靠……生存”，主语“plants”为复数，描述客观事实用一般现在时，故填live on。 64．句意：你在阅读英文报纸时会遇到许多有用的新单词。后文“many new useful words”提示此处指“遇到”新单词，备选词come across表示“偶然遇到/碰到”，情态动词“will”后接动词原形，故填come across。 65．句意：这位老研究员为年轻学习者留下了大量有价值的文章。后文“lots of valuable articles”提示此处指“留下”文章，备选词leave behind表示“留下”，语境暗示时态为一般过去时，故填left behind。 66．句意：经过日常练习，你可以轻松地解决简单的语法问题。后文“after daily practice”提示此处指“轻松地”解决问题，备选词with ease表示“轻松地/容易地”，作方式状语。 67．句意：我们应该充分利用学校图书馆的所有学习资料。后文“all learning materials in the school library”提示此处指“利用”学习资料，备选词take advantage of表示“利用”，情态动词“should”后接动词原形，故填take advantage of。 68．句意：通过日常训练来逐步提高你的听力技能需要时间。后文“your listening skills”提示此处指“提高/建立”技能，备选词build up表示“逐步建立/增强”，不定式“to”后接动词原形，故填build up。 69．句意：掌握语言知识需要循序渐进地学习，而不是匆忙地学。后文“not in a hurry”提示此处指“循序渐进地”，备选词step by step表示“一步一步地/循序渐进地”，作方式状语。 70．句意：此外，看英语视频有助于快速提高口语发音。后文“watching English videos helps...”提示此处表示补充说明，备选词in addition表示“此外/而且”，置于句首作插入语，首字母大写，故填In addition。 71．popular 72．remember 73．farm 74．research 75．spent 76．Although 77．increase 78．kinds 79．Thanks 80．special 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了“西瓜女王”吴明珠的生平事迹及其致力于西瓜研究、培育新品种，让中国人能自由吃西瓜的贡献。 【详解】71．句意：西瓜在世界各地很受欢迎。根据下文“Nearly 70% of them have entered the stomachs of Chinese people.”可知西瓜很“受欢迎”，故填popular。 72．句意：我们应该记住我们的西瓜女王。should为情态动词，后接动词原形，根据后文“don’t forget”可知此处指“记住”，故填remember。 73．句意：很难相信吴明珠会在瓜地里做农活。farm work为固定搭配，意为“农活”，故填farm。 74．句意：她去新疆开始她对西瓜的研究。her为形容词性物主代词，后接名词，research意为“研究”，故填research。 75．句意：她和整个团队花了3年时间在那里往返瓜地。根据“…3 years travelling”可知，花费“spend”三年时间；全文叙述过去的事情，用一般过去时，故填spent。 76．句意：虽然那里的条件比新疆更艰苦，但她从未放弃。前后句为让步关系，且位于句首首字母需大写，故填Although。 77．句意：她一直在思考做什么来提高生长速度。根据“…the growing speed”可知，提高“increase”速度；to为不定式符号，后接动词原形表目的，故填increase。 78．句意：吴明珠培育了许多不同种类的西瓜。根据“many different…of melons”可知，不同种类“kind”的西瓜；many different后接可数名词复数，故填kinds。 79．句意：多亏了她，我们可以想吃就吃西瓜。Thanks to为固定搭配，意为“多亏”，句首首字母大写，故填Thanks。 80．句意：而不是只在节日或特殊日子吃它们。根据“festivals or on…days”可知，特殊的“special”日子；形容词修饰名词days，故填special。 81．A 82．B 83．C 84．C 85．C 86．B 87．A 88．C 89．B 90．A 【导语】本文介绍袁隆平生平事迹，讲述他为解决饥饿研发杂交水稻的历程，体现其终生奋斗、梦想永存的精神。 【详解】81．句意：他摘下一穗稻谷，用专业的眼光仔细查验了一下，然后继续前行。 根据“checked it”，可知检查需用眼睛观察。根据语境，专家评估水稻需用专业的眼光判断。 82．句意：没人能想象这位农民前一天做了什么。 根据句子成分可知“done”后缺宾语，结合语境“what this farmer had done”表示“这位农民前一天所做的事”， what在从句中作宾语，符合想象做的事情内容。 83．句意：1953年从大学毕业之后，袁隆平花费近70年解决此问题。 根据固定搭配“sb. spend time (in) doing sth.”表示“某人花费时间做某事”；结合语境，人作主语，spend在此处表示花费时间。used后接to do，故排除；took常用it作主语，故排除。 84．句意：他深信食物是世界上最重要的东西。 根据上文“he was sad to discover that many Chinese people suffered from hunger.”，可知他很悲伤许多中国人遭受饥饿的困境，因此食物最重要。 85．句意：他梦想培育更高产的水稻品种。 根据后文“rice plants”可知，此处旨在研发水稻，用develop表示“研发”，符合科学育种过程。finding侧重发现已有，making侧重制造，均不准确，故排除。 86．句意：失败在科学研究中很常见。 根据前文“Over 3,000 of his experiments failed”，可知失败在科学研究中很常见。 87．句意：每次跌倒，我都会站起来再试。 根据“fall down”和“try again”可知，此处表示在跌倒后，起身继续尝试，“get up”表示“起来”，符合语境。 88．句意：就像一只鸟追寻太阳的温暖。 根据“I never stopped, like a bird”可知，此处表示像鸟追寻温暖一样，不会停歇，“go after”表示“追寻”，符合语境。 89．句意：后来，年龄让工作变得更困难。 结合语境和所提到的“age”，可知此处表示“年龄（的增长）使工作变难”。“enjoyable”意为“令人愉快的”和“careful”意为“小心的”不符合年龄对工作的影响，故排除。 90．句意：袁隆平去世，但他的梦想永存。 根据语境，去世与梦想永存，前后存在转折关系，应用but表示转折。then表顺承，so表因果，均不符，故排除。 91．C 92．E 93．A 94．B 95．F 【导语】本文主要介绍著名物理学家杨振宁先生的生平经历、科研成就以及他心系祖国、助力国内科研与青年成长的事迹。 【详解】91．前文提到“His parents were both well-educated, so he grew up with books from a young age.”，介绍他成长在书香家庭，空处承接家庭带来的影响。C项“He showed early talent in math and physics because of family influence.”承接上文，说明受家庭影响，他早年就在数理方面展现天赋，自然过渡到后面求学的内容。 92．前文提到“After graduation, Yang decided to study in the U.S.”，写他毕业后赴美深造，空处介绍他在美国的求学和工作经历。E项“He received a PhD. from the University of Chicago and worked at a top research center.”承接上文赴美学习，介绍他取得博士学位并在顶尖研究中心工作，引出后续多年的研究。 93．前文提到“In 1971, he made a historic trip back to China.”，写1971年他回国访问，空处说明这次访问的意义。A项“This visit broke the ice for exchanges between China and the U. S.”承接上文的回国之行，点明这次访问打破中美交流的僵局，和后文他鼓励海外学者回国发展衔接顺畅。 94．前文提到“In 1999, Yang returned to China and worked in Tsinghua University.”，写他来到清华大学，空处介绍他在清华开展的工作。B项“At the university, he taught physics classes and started new programs.”说明他在清华授课、开设新项目，引出后文他推动国内基础物理研究。 95．前文提到“He often talked to young people and shared his thoughts with them.”，写他经常和年轻人交流分享想法，空处继续写他对青年的寄语。F项“He also encouraged them to love science, fight for truth, and work hard to serve our beloved country.”承接上文和年轻人交谈，补充他鼓励青年热爱科学、追求真理、报效祖国，呼应下一句年轻人继续探索科学奥秘。 96．B 97．C 98．C 99．A 100．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了物理学家杨振宁的生平经历、科学成就以及他对祖国科学发展的贡献。 【详解】96．根据第一段“As a child, he loved science. He studied at Southwest Associated University…”可知，提到西南联大是因为那是杨振宁早期学习科学的地方。 97．根据第二段“…won the Nobel Prize in Physics. They did important work on the ‘parity non-conservation’ theory.”可知，他们获奖的原因是宇称不守恒理论。 98．根据第一段“He was born in Anhui in 1922.”和第三段“At the age of 77, he came back to work at Tsinghua University”可知，杨振宁回到清华工作的时间是1922加77等于1999年。 99．根据第一段“He studied at Southwest Associated University”，第二段“In 1957, Yang… won the Nobel Prize”，第三段“In 1971, he was the first Chinese scholar to visit China”及“At the age of 77, he came back to work at Tsinghua University”可知，事件发生的正确顺序为②①④③。 100．根据第四段“His motto was ‘Be honest rather than clever,’ which encourages young people to seek truth in science and life.”可知，杨振宁的座右铭告诉我们在科学和生活中诚实比聪明更重要。 101．A 102．A 103．B 104．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了苏轼年轻时因才华出众而骄傲，一位智者通过送书请教的方式让他明白谦逊的重要性，苏轼修改对联并更加努力终获成就的故事。 【详解】101．根据文章第1段“People thought highly of him. Because of this, he became very arrogant and wrote a couplet for himself.”可知，苏轼因受众人高度认可而写下彰显学识的对联，表现出自满情绪，可推测arrogant意为“傲慢的”。 102．根据文章第2段“A wise old man saw this couplet and thought, ‘It is necessary for Su Shi to learn how to be modest.’ So, one day, he came to Su Shi’s house with a book.”及第 5 段“He just wanted to make Su Shi know the importance of being modest.”可知老人带书拜访的真实目的是想让苏轼学会谦逊，即给苏轼一个教训。 103．根据文章第5段“Then he quickly took his brush and ink and added some words to the couplet... From then on, he worked even harder than before.”可知，苏轼修改了对联并且之后更加努力治学。 104．根据文章第4段“At that moment, Su Shi realized that there were many more things that he had to learn.”及全文关于谦逊治学的内容可知，故事传达了学无止境的道理。 105．B 106．A 107．D 108．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了公元383年前秦国王苻坚攻打东晋战败后，因惊恐把草木当成敌兵，最终再次战败的历史故事。 【详解】105．文章第2段 “Then he saw some enemy soldiers from Eastern Jin.”表明苻坚从城墙往下看，看到了东晋士兵。 106．文章第3段“When Fu Jian saw the grass and trees, he mistook them for enemy soldiers. He was very frightened and nervous.”表明看到草木后，苻坚感到害怕。 107．文章第1段“They were defeated by the army of Eastern Jin.”及第4段“Fu Jian and his soldiers were defeated again without doubt.”表明苻坚一共战败两次。 108．通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了苻坚战败后草木皆兵的历史故事，旨在讲述一个中国故事。C选项符合写作目的。 109． modern computer science 【详解】原句中缺少“现代计算机科学领域”关键词，modern computer science现代计算机科学，共三个单词，为本单元核心短语。 110． important to whether or 【详解】原句中“对……而言至关重要”及“不论……还是……”是关键词，表示“对……而言至关重要”的短语是be important to sb，第一空缺形容词important；第二空是介词to；表示“不论……还是……”的词组是“whether ... or”，引导让步状语从句。 111． a shared future for mankind 【详解】原句中“人类命运共同体”是关键词，表示“人类命运共同体”的表达是a community with a shared future for mankind。应填a；shared；future；for；mankind。 112． cleaner hospitals badly 【详解】原句中“更洁净的医院”和“急需”为关键信息，cleaner是形容词比较级，意为“更洁净的”修饰名词hospitals；hospitals是名词复数，表示多家医院；副词badly修饰动词needed，need badly意为“急需”。 113． a modern nation 【详解】原句中“一个现代化国家”为关键信息，a是不定冠词，用于单数可数名词前；modern是形容词，意为“现代化的”修饰名词nation；nation是可数名词单数，意为“国家”。 114．参考范文 The Person I Admire Most The person I admire most is Yuan Longping. He was a famous scientist and a pioneer in hybrid rice research. I look up to him for two reasons. First, he developed a new kind of rice and helped reduce hunger around the world. It was great of him to spend his whole life helping people. Second, he was full of courage and never gave up, even when he faced difficulties. Yuan Longping encourages me to study hard and never give up on my dreams. I want to be a person who can help others, just like him. 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意］ 确定文体：介绍性记叙文，以一般现在时引出人物，描述经历用一般过去时，谈影响用一般现在时 明确要点：最钦佩的人、钦佩原因和对自己的影响 确定人称：第三人称和第一人称 注意事项：不得透露作者本人真实姓名和学校名称；袁隆平为公众人物，可正常提及 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：总起句，点明最钦佩的人是袁隆平，并概括其身份 主体段：分两点说明钦佩原因：杂交水稻贡献；勇气与坚持 结尾段：总结影响，表达努力学习、帮助他人的愿望，升华主题 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：钦佩对象与身份 人物选择：Yuan Longping/a famous scientist/a pioneer in hybrid rice research/famous person/hero等 身份描述：scientist/pioneer/researcher/helper等 要点二：钦佩原因 原因一：developed a new kind of rice/helped reduce hunger around the world/spent his whole life helping people/worked hard to solve problems等 原因二：full of courage/never gave up/faced difficulties/brave/persistent等 要点三：影响与愿望 影响：encourages me to study hard/never give up on my dreams/work hard/help others等 愿望：want to be a person who can help others/just like him/make a difference等 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $