Unit 6 Role models（易错题专项训练·语法提升）英语鲁科版五四制五年级上册（新教材）

Unit 6 Role models 专题02 语法提升·易错题专项训练 · 内容导航 · 1.一般过去时与一般现在时混淆 2.动词第三人称单数（一般现在时） 3.过去时的一般疑问句与特殊疑问句 4.综合练习 高频易错点、易错点提示、小练笔 易错精讲  一般过去时与一般现在时混淆高频易错点01 本单元既用一般过去时描述历史人物的事迹（如：He wrote a great book.），又用一般现在时描述人物性格或日常品质（如：He works very hard.）。学生常混淆两种时态的使用场景。 时态 用法 例句 一般现在时 描述现在的事实、习惯、品质 He is kind. He works hard every day. 一般过去时 描述过去的事件、已完成的成就 He was born in 1518. He wrote many books. 有明确过去时间标志（in 1518, last year, yesterday, when he was young） → 用一般过去时。 无过去时间标志，描述人物一贯品质或现况 → 用一般现在时。 同一人物既有过去成就又有现在影响，可根据语境切换。 易错点提示 错误类型一：有过去时间标志，仍用现在时 错误：He is born in 1518. 正确：He was born in 1518. 解析：in 1518 是明确的过去时间，谓语动词须用一般过去时 was。 错误类型二：复数主语搭配过去场景，错用 was 错误：They was in the park last Sunday. 正确：They were in the park last Sunday. 解析：They 是复数主语，过去时应用 were，不能用 was。 错误类型三：单数主语过去场景，误用 were 错误：My cat were small two years ago. 正确：My cat was small two years ago. 解析：My cat 是单数主语，过去时用 was。 错误类型四：无过去时间标志，但语境指过去，仍用现在时 错误：My grandma is beautiful when she young. 正确：My grandma was beautiful when she was young. 解析：虽然句中没有具体时间词，但“when she was young”指的是过去的状态，须用过去时。 错误类型五：用过去时描述现况（一贯品质） 错误：My father was kind.（如果现在依然和蔼） 正确：My father is kind. 解析：描述人物现在仍保持的一贯品质，应用一般现在时，无需用过去时。 小练笔 01 一、用所给动词的适当形式填空（注意时态）。 1.Yuan Longping ________ (be) a great scientist. He ________ (help) farmers get more rice many years ago. 2.My father ________ (work) very hard every day. He ________ (be) my role model. 3.Li Shizhen ________ (find) many herbs in the mountains in the past. 4.Madame Curie ________ (study) hard at school when she ________ (be) young. 5.We ________ (have) a great time in the park yesterday. 6.She often ________ (read) books after school. 7.They ________ (go) to the zoo last Sunday and ________ (see) many animals. 8.My mother ________ (cook) dinner for us every evening. 二、单项选择。 ( )9. My father ________ a teacher now, but he ________ a farmer ten years ago. A. is; was  B. was; is  C. are; were  D. is; were ( )10. He ________ hard in the rice fields all year round and finally ________. A. works; succeed  B. worked; succeeded C. work; succeeds D. worked; succeed ( )11. She ________ born in Poland in 1867. She ________ a great scientist. A. is; is  B. was; was  C. was; is  D. is; was ( )12. My grandpa ________ very kind. He always ________ others. A. is; helps  B. was; help  C. is; helped  D. were; helps  动词第三人称单数（一般现在时）高频易错点02 描述人物性格、习惯或职业时常用一般现在时，需注意第三人称单数动词加 -s/-es。 主语为 he/she/it/单数名词或人名时，动词三单变化如下： 1.加 -s 或 -es。 2.以 -s, -x, -ch, -sh, -o 结尾加 -es（如 teaches, goes）。 3.以辅音+y结尾，变 y 为 i 再加 -es（如 studies, tries）。 否定句和疑问句用 doesn't / Does，动词恢复原形。 易错点提示 错误类型一：第三人称单数动词漏加 -s 错误：He work very hard every day. 正确：He works very hard every day. 解析：主语 He 为第三人称单数，一般现在时动词应加 -s。 错误类型二：以 -o 结尾的动词误加 -s 错误：He go to school every day. 正确：He goes to school every day. 解析：以 -o 结尾的动词加 -es，go 变为 goes。 错误类型三：以辅音+y 结尾的动词变化错误 错误：She study English every morning. 正确：She studies English every morning. 解析：以辅音+y 结尾，变 y 为 i 再加 -es，study→studies。 错误类型四：否定句和疑问句中动词未恢复原形 错误：She doesn’t studies hard. 正确：She doesn’t study hard. 解析：否定句用 doesn’t + 动词原形，study 不能加 -es。 错误类型五：have 的三单形式误加 -s 错误：He haves a new book. 正确：He has a new book. 解析：have 的第三人称单数是 has，不是 haves。 小练笔 02 一、用所给动词的第三人称单数形式填空。 1.My father ________ (work) very hard. He ________ (love) his students. 2.She ________ (study) English every morning. 3.Tom ________ (go) to the park on Sundays. 4.The teacher ________ (teach) us many useful things. 5.He ________ (try) his best to help others. 二、单项选择。 ( )6. My mother ________ a volunteer. She often ________ others. A. is; help  B. are; helps  C. is; helps  D. am; help ( )7. He ________ to be a scientist when he grows up. A. want  B. wants  C. wanted  D. wanting ( )8. She ________ her homework every evening. A. doesn’t do  B. don’t do  C. doesn’t does  D. not do 过去时的一般疑问句与特殊疑问句高频易错点03 询问过去的事情需用一般过去时疑问句。 特殊疑问句结构：疑问词 + did + 主语 + 动词原形？ 例如：What did he do?（注意动词用原形 do，不可用 did） 例如：When was he born? 例如：Where was she born? 一般疑问句：Did + 主语 + 动词原形？  肯定回答： Yes, 主语 + did. 否定回答：No, 主语 + didn't. 易错点提示 错误类型一：一般疑问句助动词 did 后面动词未用原形 错误：Did he wrote a book? 正确：Did he write a book? 解析：助动词 did 后必须接动词原形，wrote 应改为 write。 错误类型二：特殊疑问句中 did 与动词过去式并用 错误：What did he did? 正确：What did he do? 解析：特殊疑问句中 did 已经体现过去，主要动词需用原形 do，不能再用过去式。 错误类型三：特殊疑问句语序错误 错误：What he did do yesterday? 正确：What did he do yesterday? 解析：特殊疑问句结构为“疑问词 + 助动词 + 主语 + 动词原形？”。 错误类型四：询问出生时间或地点时错用 did 错误：When did he born? 正确：When was he born? 解析：born 是过去分词，需用 was/were 构成被动语态，不用 did。 错误类型五：一般疑问句回答时助动词错误 错误：—Was he born in China? —Yes, he was born. 正确：—Was he born in China? —Yes, he was. 解析：简略回答时只保留助动词 was，不用重复 born in China。 小练笔 03 一、按要求改写句子。 1. He wrote a great book.（改为一般疑问句） ________ he ________ a great book? 2. She was born in Poland.（对划线部分提问） ________ ________ she born? 3. They helped the farmers.（改为否定句） They ________ ________ the farmers. 4. He liked playing the violin.（对划线部分提问） What ________ he ________ ________? 二、单项选择。 ( )5. —________ he born in 1518? —Yes, he ________. A. Was; was  B. Did; did  C. Is; is  D. Were; were ( )6. —What ________ she ________ yesterday? —She visited her grandpa. A. did; do  B. did; did  C. does; do  D. do; do ( )7. —________ they find any herbs? —No, they ________. A. Did; didn’t  B. Were; weren’t  C. Do; don’t  D. Did; did 综合训练 一、单项选择。 ( ) 1. Yuan Longping ________ a great scientist. He ________ farmers get more rice. A. was; helped  B. is; helps  C. was; helps  D. is; helped ( ) 2. My father ________ very hard every day. He ________ my role model. A. work; is  B. works; are  C. works; is  D. work; am ( ) 3. Li Shizhen ________ many herbs in the mountains. A. find  B. finds  C. found  D. founded ( ) 4. Madame Curie ________ born in Poland in 1867. A. is  B. was  C. were  D. are ( ) 5. They ________ to the zoo last Sunday and ________ many animals. A. go; see  B. went; see  C. went; saw  D. go; saw ( ) 6. She ________ her homework every evening. A. doesn’t do  B. don’t do  C. doesn’t does  D. not do ( ) 7. He ________ up smoking last year. He ________ healthy now. A. gave; is  B. give; was  C. gives; is  D. gave; was ( ) 8. What ________ you ________ yesterday afternoon? A. do; do  B. did; did  C. did; do  D. does; do ( ) 9. My mother ________ a volunteer. She often ________ the old. A. is; helps  B. was; help  C. is; help  D. were; helps ( ) 10. He likes ________ football, but now he ________ basketball. A. playing; plays  B. play; played  C. playing; is playing D. plays; is playing ( ) 11. I want ________ a person like my father. A. be  B. to be  C. being  D. am ( ) 12. The teacher helped us ________ the problem. A. solve  B. to solve  C. solving  D. solved ( ) 13. She ________ born in a small village. A. was  B. were  C. is  D. are ( ) 14. —________ he have any hobbies? —Yes, he ________. A. Does; does  B. Did; did  C. Do; do  D. Did; does ( ) 15. —When ________ you ________? —In 1998. A. was; born  B. were; born  C. did; born  D. are; born ( ) 16. They ________ in the lab all year round last year. A. work  B. works  C. worked  D. working ( ) 17. He ________ to plant new rice, but it ________ not easy. A. tried; was  B. try; is  C. tries; was  D. tried; is ( ) 18. —Where ________ she ________? —In France. A. did; study  B. did; studied  C. does; study  D. do; study ( ) 19. My father is a PE teacher. He ________ his students very much. A. love  B. loves  C. loved  D. loving ( ) 20. We ________ a great time at the party last night. A. have  B. had  C. has  D. are having 二、用所给词的适当形式填空。 Passage 1（综合时态与动词形式） My grandpa 1. ________ (be) a farmer when he 2. ________ (be) young. He 3. ________ (work) in the fields every day. He 4. ________ (help) many people. Now he 5. ________ (be) old, but he still 6. ________ (do) some light work. He 7. ________ (be) my role model because he never 8. ________ (give) up. Passage 2（描述人物事迹） Yuan Longping 9. ________ (try) to plant new kinds of rice. He 10. ________ (work) hard all year round. Finally he 11. ________ (succeed). He 12. ________ (have) a hobby—he 13. ________ (like) playing the violin. He 14. ________ (be) a great scientist and he still 15. ________ (inspire) many people today. 三、补全对话。 根据上下文，从方框中选择合适的句子补全对话，有两项多余。 对话（谈论袁隆平）A. Did he write any books? B. What did he do? C. Where was he born? D. Was he born in China? E. He is my role model. F. When was he born? G. Wow, he is so cool. Tom: Who is that man in the picture? Lucy: That’s Yuan Longping. 1. Tom: Really? 2. Lucy: He helped farmers get more rice. Tom: That’s great! 3. Lucy: Yes, he was born in China, in 1930. Tom: 4. Lucy: He wrote some books about rice, but his most important work was his research. Tom: 5. 四、完形填空。 I have a great father. He is my role model. He 1. ________ a teacher. He 2. ________ very hard every day. He often 3. ________ the children in the country as a volunteer. He 4. ________ them to play football. He 5. ________ kind and patient. I want 6. ________ a person like him. Last summer, I 7. ________ with him to the village. I 8. ________ many friends there. We 9. ________ a good time. I 10. ________ my father very much. ( ) 1. A. is  B. was  C. are  D. were ( ) 2. A. work  B. works  C. worked D. working ( ) 3. A. help  B. helps  C. helped  D. helping ( ) 4. A. teach  B. teaches  C. taught  D. teaching ( ) 5. A. is  B. was  C. are  D. were ( ) 6. A. be  B. to be  C. being  D. am ( ) 7. A. go  B. goes  C. went  D. going ( ) 8. A. make  B. makes  C. made  D. making ( ) 9. A. have  B. has  C. had  D. having ( ) 10. A. love  B. loves  C. loved  D. loving 五、阅读理解。 A篇 判断正误（T/F） Sima Qian was a great historian in ancient China. He was born in about 145 B.C. He wrote a great book called Shiji (Records of the Grand Historian). It took him many years to finish it. He never gave up even when he was in trouble. His book is very famous and it helps us learn about Chinese history. Many people regard him as a role model for his perseverance. ( ) 1. Sima Qian was born in 145 A.D. ( ) 2. He wrote a book called Shiji. ( ) 3. He gave up writing because it was difficult. ( ) 4. His book helps us learn about Chinese history. ( ) 5. He is a role model for many people. B篇 阅读选择 Thomas Edison was a great inventor. He was born in the United States in 1847. He invented the light bulb and many other useful things. He worked very hard and never gave up. He once said, “Genius is 1% inspiration and 99% perspiration.” He had over 1,000 inventions in his life. He is a role model for many students because he showed us that hard work leads to success. ( ) 6. When was Edison born? A. In 1847.  B. In 1874.  C. In 145 B.C. ( ) 7. What did Edison invent? A. The book Shiji.  B. The light bulb.  C. New kinds of rice. ( ) 8. How many inventions did he have? A. Over 1,000.  B. About 100.  C. Over 10,000. ( ) 9. What does “perspiration” mean in the passage? A. 灵感  B. 汗水  C. 幸运 ( ) 10. Why is Edison a role model? A. Because he was rich.  B. Because he never gave up and worked hard.  C. Because he was born in the USA. 参考答案 小练笔 01 一、1. was; helped 2. works; is 3. found 4. studied; was 5. had 6. reads 7. went; saw  8. cooks 二、9. A 10. B 11. C 12. A 小练笔 02 一、1. works; loves 2. studies 3. goes 4. teaches 5. tries  二、6. C 7. B 8. A 小练笔 03 一、1. Did; write 2. Where was 3. didn’t help 4. did; like doing 二、5. A 6. A 7. A 综合训练 一、单项选择 1. A 2. C 3. C 4. B 5. C 6. A 7. A 8. C 9. A 10. C 11. B 12. A 13. A 14. B 15. B 16. C 17. A 18. A 19. B 20. B 二、填空 Passage 1: 1. was 2. was 3. worked 4. helped 5. is 6. does 7. is 8. gave Passage 2: 9. tried 10. worked 11. succeeded 12. had 13. liked 14. was 15. inspires 三、补全对话 1. E 2. B 3. D 4. A 5. G 四、完形填空 1. A 2. B 3. B 4. B 5. A 6. B 7. C 8. C 9. C 10. A 五、阅读理解 A篇：1. F 2. T 3. F 4. T 5. T B篇：6. A 7. B 8. A 9. B 10. B 第 1 页 共 18 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $