Unit6 Beautiful landscapes语法讲义-2026-2027学年译林版七年级英语下册
Unit6 Beautiful landscapes语法讲义-2026-2027学年译林版七年级英语下册
本讲聚焦本单元两大语法专题:一、不定代词;二、what 和 how 引导的感叹句。所有例句均出自或仿自本单元教材语境。
专题一 不定代词
一、基本用法表
当我们不知道或不必说明谈论的人或事物是谁/是什么时,使用不定代词。以 -body 或 -one 结尾的指人,以 -thing 结尾的指物。
二、教材例句
· Look! There's somebody/someone on the mountain!(看!山上有人!)
· There seems to be something in the river.(河里似乎有什么东西。)
· I can't see anybody/anyone/anything up the mountain.(我看不见山上有任何人/任何东西。)
· Does anybody/anyone want to visit the desert?(有人想去游览沙漠吗?)
· Can you see anything in the river?(你能看见河里有什么东西吗?)
· Is everybody/everyone going to the forest?(大家都去森林吗?)
· Everything is ready for our trip to the forest.(我们的森林之旅一切都准备好了。)
· There is nobody/no one up the mountain.(山上没有人。)
· There is nothing in the river.(河里什么也没有。)
· Nothing can get in my way.(没有什么能阻挡我前进的道路。)
三、用法规则与辨析
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1. 肯定句表示“某人/某物”用 somebody/someone/something。
2. 否定句和一般疑问句中通常用 anybody/anyone/anything。
3. 当说话人期待对方给出肯定回答,或在提供、邀请、请求时,疑问句中仍用 something/somebody,如:Would you like something to drink?(你想喝点什么吗?)
4. everybody/everyone/everything 强调整体,谓语动词用单数:Everything is ready.
5. nobody/no one/nothing 本身含否定意义,句子已是否定句,不能再用 not:Nobody wants to live in such difficult conditions.
6. 不定代词作主语时,谓语动词一律用单数:Everybody likes the beautiful view.
7. 形容词修饰不定代词时要后置:something special(特别的东西)、nothing new(没什么新鲜事)、anything interesting(有趣的东西)。
8. someone/somebody 与 anyone/anybody 指人时可通用,something/anything 指物;no one 分开写,nobody 合写,二者意思相同。
9. else(其他的)放在不定代词之后:somebody else(别的什么人)、anything else(别的什么东西)。
四、易错点提醒
易错点1:否定句中误用 something。✗ I can't see something. ✓ I can't see anything.
易错点2:形容词位置错误。✗ interesting something ✓ something interesting。
易错点3:主谓一致错误。✗ Everybody are here. ✓ Everybody is here.
易错点4:双重否定。✗ Nobody doesn't know it. ✓ Nobody knows it.
易错点5:anybody 用于期待肯定回答的邀请句。✗ Would you like anything to drink?(期待肯定回答时用 something 更礼貌自然)✓ Would you like something to drink?
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