Unit 5 Power of Ideas 一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态（核心语法精练）-【简语法-单元核心语法精练】2026-2027学年英语九年级上册（人教版）

该初中英语单元学案以“一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态”为核心，通过“核心语法回顾-专项能力突破-解题综合提升”的递进式设计，结合表格对比结构、否定/疑问变化及标志词，搭配思维导图构建知识框架，引导学生系统掌握被动语态的用法与转换。 亮点在于依托“Power of Ideas”主题设计多样化语境练习，如语法选择中的科技短文阅读、短文填空关于未来生活的描述，培养学生语言能力（理解与表达）和思维品质（分析与推断）。练习题从基础单句到语篇综合，为学生深度学习提供阶梯支持，也为教师单元复习教学提供完整、针对性的方案。

单元核心语法精练 Unit 5 Power of Ideas （新教材人教版） （一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态） 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 解题综合提升 表格梳理了被动语态的构成（助动词 be + 及物动词过去分词），并对比一般现在时被动（am/is/are + done）与一般过去时被动（was/were + done）的结构、否定/疑问变化及常见时间标志词，帮助区分两种时态的被动用法。 语法模块 具体内容 结构 / 规则 典型例句及翻译 一般现在时被动 结构 主语 + am / is / are + 及物动词的过去分词 + 其他 English is spoken by many people.（英语被许多人说） 否定 / 疑问 否定：be + not；疑问：Am / Is / Are 提前 Is the desk made by him?（这张桌子是他做的吗） 标志词 every day、usually、now、often 等频度 / 现状词 The classroom is cleaned every morning.（教室每天早晨被打扫） 一般过去时被动 结构 主语 + was / were + 及物动词的过去分词 + 其他 The door was opened by him.（门被他打开了） 否定 / 疑问 否定：was / were + not；疑问：Was / Were 提前 Were you asked to go home on time?（你被要求按时回家了吗） 标志词 yesterday、last week、…ago、in + 过去年份 The bridge was built last year.（这座桥去年被建成） 使用注意事项 1. 被动语态由“助动词 be + 及物动词的过去分词”构成，be 必须随主语的人称、数和时态变化；只有及物动词才有被动语态，不及物动词（如 happen、appear）无被动。 2. 一般现在时被动用 am/is/are + done，一般过去时被动用 was/were + done；判断时态先看句中的时间标志词（every day → 现在；yesterday → 过去）。 3. 被动语态的否定在 be 后加 not，疑问句把 be 提到主语前；主语单数用 is/was，复数用 are/were。 4. 主动变被动：将主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语，谓语变为 be done，原主语变为 by 短语（常可省略）；动作执行者不明或无需说明时，by 短语可省。 5. 短语动词（如 look after、take care of、pay attention to）变为被动时不可拆开丢掉介词或副词，如 The baby is looked after by the nurse。 6. 被动语态中的 be 是助动词，必须随主语和时态变化，不要把它误当成连系动词而漏掉后面的过去分词。 一、单项选择 1. Chinese ________ as a second language by more and more people around the world now. A．speaks B．is spoken C．spoke D．was spoken 【答案】B 【详解】句意：如今世界上越来越多的人把汉语作为第二语言来说。主语 Chinese 与 speak 是被动关系，now 表现阶段现状，用一般现在时被动 is spoken。故选 B。 2. The 24th Winter Olympic Games ________ in Beijing and Zhangjiakou in 2022. A．hold B．held C．were held D．are held 【答案】C 【详解】句意：第24届冬奥会是2022年在北京和张家口举办的。in 2022 是过去时间，主语 Games 为复数且与 hold 被动，用一般过去时被动 were held。故选 C。 3. The friendly tradition of helping strangers ________ from one generation to the next in this small town. A．passes B．is passed C．was passed D．passed 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这个小镇上帮助陌生人的友好传统代代相传。描述长期存在的现状习惯、无过去标志，主语 tradition 与 pass 被动，用一般现在时被动 is passed。故选 B。 4. The letter ________ by hand, because the writer preferred typing on the computer. A．isn’t written B．wasn’t written C．weren’t written D．hasn’t written 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这封信不是手写的，因为作者更喜欢在电脑上打字。letter 为单数，preferred 提示过去；被动语态的否定在 be 后加 not，用一般过去时被动否定 wasn’t written。故选 B。 5. —________ the windows ________ by the students yesterday? —Yes, they cleaned them after class. A．Are; cleaned B．Were; cleaned C．Do; clean D．Did; clean 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——窗户昨天是学生擦的吗？——是的，他们课后擦的。对一般过去时被动句提问，将 be 动词 Were 提到主语前，过去分词 cleaned 保留。故选 B。 6. The lovely pet dog ________ by my neighbour when we are on holiday. A．is looked after B．is looked C．looks after D．was looked 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们度假时，这只可爱的宠物狗由邻居照顾。look after 是短语动词，变被动时不可拆开丢掉 after；主语 dog 单数、表现在，用一般现在时被动 is looked after。故选 A。 7. The famous novel Journey to the West ________ by Wu Cheng’en, a great writer of the Ming Dynasty. A．writes B．wrote C．was written D．is written 【答案】C 【详解】句意：名著《西游记》由明代伟大作家吴承恩所著。强调动作执行者 by Wu Cheng’en，且为历史事件，主语 novel 与 write 被动，用一般过去时被动 was written。故选 C。 8. The traffic accident ________ on the bridge at about 8 p.m. yesterday. A．was happened B．happened C．is happened D．has been happened 【答案】B 【详解】句意：昨天晚上约8点，那场交通事故发生在桥上。happen 是不及物动词，没有被动语态，直接用主动 happened。故选 B。 9. The poor boy ________ a new schoolbag by a kind stranger last Children’s Day. A．gave B．was given C．was gave D．is given 【答案】B 【详解】句意：去年儿童节，那个可怜的男孩被一位好心的陌生人送了一个新书包。give 带双宾语，把间接宾语 the poor boy 变为主语，谓语用被动 was given（直接宾语保留）。故选 B。 10. All the dangerous waste ________ away according to the new environmental law. A．must be taken B．must take C．is taken D．was taken 【答案】A 【详解】句意：根据新环保法，所有危险废弃物必须被处理掉。含情态动词的被动结构为“情态动词 + be + 过去分词”，must be taken 表示“必须被带走/处理”。故选 A。 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. The ancient coin ________ (find) in the field by a little boy last spring. 【答案】was found 【详解】句意：去年春天，那枚古币被一个小男孩在田里发现了。last spring 表过去，主语 coin 与 find 被动，用一般过去时被动 was found。 2. English ________ (speak) in many countries, so it is useful to learn. 【答案】is spoken 【详解】句意：许多国家说英语，所以学英语很有用。说明现状，主语 English 与 speak 被动，用一般现在时被动 is spoken。 3. The windows of the classroom ________ (clean) every day by the students on duty. 【答案】are cleaned 【详解】句意：教室的窗户每天由值日生打扫。every day 表现在，主语 windows 复数、与 clean 被动，用一般现在时被动 are cleaned。 4. The sick bird ________ (take) to the animal hospital by the kind girl yesterday. 【答案】was taken 【详解】句意：昨天那只生病的鸟被善良的女孩送到了动物医院。yesterday 表过去，主语 bird 单数、与 take 被动，用一般过去时被动 was taken。 5. The children ________ (look) after well by their grandparents when parents are busy. 【答案】are looked 【详解】句意：父母忙时，孩子们被祖父母照顾得很好。look after 为短语动词，被动不可拆开；说明现状，主语 children 复数，用一般现在时被动 are looked。 6. The project ________ (finish) before the deadline, or we will be in trouble. 【答案】must be finished 【详解】句意：这个项目必须在截止日期前完成，否则我们会有麻烦。含情态动词的被动用“情态动词 + be + done”，must be finished 表示“必须被完成”。 7. A new subway ________ (build) in our city at present. 【答案】is being built 【详解】句意：目前我市正在修建一条新地铁。at present 表现在进行，主语 subway 单数、与 build 被动，用现在进行时被动 is being built。 8. The letter ________ (write) by my pen friend in Canada last month. 【答案】was written 【详解】句意：这封信上个月由我在加拿大的笔友写了。last month 表过去，主语 letter 与 write 被动，用一般过去时被动 was written。 9. They ________ (not invite) to the party because they were away on holiday. 【答案】weren’t invited 【详解】句意：他们没有被邀请参加聚会，因为他们外出度假了。一般过去时被动的否定在 were 后加 not，主语 they 复数，用 weren’t invited。 10. He ________ (give) a nice present by his aunt on his birthday. 【答案】was given 【详解】句意：生日那天他被姑姑送了一份漂亮的礼物。give 双宾语，间接宾语 he 作主语变被动 was given。 三、按要求完成句子 1. We plant thousands of trees in the park every spring.（改为被动语态） Thousands of trees ________ ________ in the park every spring. 【答案】 are planted 【详解】句意：我们每年春天在公园种数千棵树。主动句宾语 thousands of trees 变主语（复数），谓语 plant 变被动 are planted，时态保持一般现在时。 2. The workers built this tall building last year.（改为被动语态） This tall building ________ ________ by the workers last year. 【答案】 was built 【详解】句意：工人们去年建了这栋高楼。主动句宾语 this tall building 变主语（单数），谓语 build 变被动 was built，last year 表过去，原主语变 by 短语。 3. 这些传统的手工艺品如今被销往许多国家。 These traditional handicrafts ________ ________ ________ many countries now. 【答案】 are sold to 【详解】句意：这些传统手工艺品如今被销往许多国家。“被销售”用 be sold；“销往……”用 sell to，主语 handicrafts 复数、now 表现在，用一般现在时被动 are sold to。 4. Someone broke the window of the classroom yesterday.（改为被动语态） The window of the classroom ________ ________ yesterday. 【答案】 was broken 【详解】句意：昨天有人打破了教室的窗户。主动句宾语 the window 变主语（单数），谓语 break 变被动 was broken，yesterday 表过去，动作执行者省略。 5. The machine was invented in 1998.（对划线部分提问） ________ ________ the machine ________? 【答案】 When was invented 【详解】句意：这台机器是1998年发明的。对过去时间 in 1998 提问用 When；被动句变特殊疑问句将 When 提前，was 提到主语前，过去分词 invented 保留。 6. 医生们正在手术室里救治那位伤员。 The wounded man ________ ________ ________ by the doctors now. 【答案】 is being treated 【详解】句意：医生们正在手术室里救治那位伤员。“被救治”用 be treated；now 表现在进行被动，主语 man 单数，用 is being treated。 7. We heard the boy sing a beautiful song at the party.（改为被动语态） The boy ________ ________ ________ sing a beautiful song by us at the party. 【答案】 was heard to 【详解】句意：我们听见那个男孩在聚会上唱了一首好听的歌。主动句宾语 the boy 变主语；感官动词 hear 的被动结构中，原不带 to 的不定式须补回 to，即 be heard to do，过去时 was heard to。 8. The naughty boy by his mother was punished for telling lies.（对划线部分提问） ________ ________ the naughty boy punished for telling lies? 【答案】 Who was 【详解】句意：那个淘气的男孩因说谎被他妈妈惩罚了。对 by 短语（动作执行者）提问用 Who；被动句将 Who 提前，was 提到主语前，过去分词 punished 保留。 9. They took good care of the old man in the hospital.（改为被动语态） The old man ________ ________ ________ ________ in the hospital. 【答案】 was taken care of 【详解】句意：他们在医院里悉心照顾那位老人。take care of 是短语动词，变被动不可拆开；主动句宾语 the old man 变主语，谓语变被动 was taken care of。 10. The new school was built in the centre of the town.（对划线部分提问） ________ ________ the new school built? 【答案】 Where was 【详解】句意：那所新学校建在镇中心。对地点 in the centre of the town 提问用 Where；被动句将 Where 提前，was 提到主语前，过去分词 built 保留。 四、语法选择 Passage 1 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题3个选项中选出一个最佳的答案。 These days, cars are designed using computers. Let’s look at how a new car is created. First, several 1 talk about the new car and good ideas that they have. Then they sit down at their computers and 2 many sketches (草图). 3 best two or three drawings are chosen and then more detailed drawings of cars are developed on the computer. You can change the size, shape or color of any part on the computer to see 4 the car would look like and then you can choose the best design. Both the inside 5 the outside of the car have to be designed. Part of the inside of the car is 6 so that the designers can sit in it. They can feel if there is enough 7 inside and if they can reach everything. Then some cars are built—there are more than 15,000 parts of a car to be tested. When everything is known to be 8 , the cars are made in the factory. Again, computers are used to make sure 9 all the parts are ready as they are needed. The factory usually stays 10 all through the night so that the car production never stops. 1．A．designer B．designers C．designer’s 2．A．draw B．drew C．to draw 3．A．A B．The C．/ 4．A．how B．if C．what 5．A．or B．nor C．and 6．A．build B．built C．building 7．A．rooms B．rooms’ C．room 8．A．safe B．safer C．safely 9．A．that B．if C．how 10．A．opened B．open C．opening 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．C 6．B 7．C 8．A 9．A 10．B 【导语】本文介绍了现代汽车如何利用计算机进行设计、测试及生产的全过程，详细说明了设计师的工作步骤及工厂的生产流程。 【详解】1．句意：首先，几位设计师谈论新车和他们的好想法。 “several”后接可数名词复数designers。designer为单数，designer’s为所有格，均不符。 2．句意：接着他们坐在电脑前，并绘制大量草图。 根据“sit down…and”可知此处是并列结构，动词形式一致使用原形draw。drew为过去式，to draw为不定式结构，均不符。 3．句意：从中选出最好的两三张图纸，之后再在电脑上生成更详尽的汽车设计图。 “best”是最高级，前面需加定冠词The。A表泛指，/为零冠词，均不符。 4．句意：你可以在电脑上修改任意部件的尺寸、形状或颜色，来查看汽车最终会呈现出什么样子，之后你就能选出最优设计。 “look like”后缺宾语，what作“like”的宾语。how“如何”是副词不能作宾语；if“是否”语义不符。 5．句意：汽车的内部和外部都需要设计。 此处使用搭配Both…and…。or搭配either，nor搭配neither。 6．句意：汽车内部的一部分被建造出来，以便设计师可以坐在里面。 主语“Part of the inside of the car”与动词build之间构成被动关系，使用被动语态，结构为is+过去分词built。build为原形，building为现在分词，均不符。 7．句意：他们能感觉到里面是否有足够的空间，以及他们是否能触及到所有东西。 根据“enough”可知指车内空间，room表示空间时是不可数名词。rooms“房间”，是可数名词；rooms’是所有格，均不符。 8．句意：当一切都被确认安全时，汽车就会在工厂里制造。 系动词be后接表语形容词，且无比较对象，使用原级safe。safer是比较级形式，safely是副词，均不符。 9．句意：计算机会再次被用来确保所有零部件都能按需准备到位。 根据“make sure”可知后接陈述句，构成make sure that引导宾语从句。if表不确定，how表方式，语义不符。 10．句意：工厂通常整夜开工，以便汽车生产永不停歇。 系动词“stays”后接形容词open表状态。opened为过去分词，opening为现在分词，均不符。 Passage 2 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将对应选项涂黑。 Have you ever heard of “cloud kitchens”? They are also 1 as ghost kitchens (虚拟厨房). Unlike traditional restaurants, a cloud kitchen is a professional food preparation facility (设施) built 2 delivery (配送)—only meals. There is no dining area for customers to eat in. The business 3 very quickly in recent years because of the popularity of food delivery apps. For startup (初创企业) owners, it’s much 4 to open a cloud kitchen than a traditional restaurant because they don’t have to worry about the location and environment. They can focus 5 on the food quality. However, 6 biggest challenge for them is how to make their food stand out online. They need to take good 7 of their food and design creative online menus to attract customers. If you 8 a delicious meal from a small kitchen online, it might be from a cloud kitchen. It 9 that our eating habits are changing because of technology. Would you like 10 one? 1. A．know B．knew C．known 2. A．for B．to C．with 3. A．grows B．has grown C．will grow 4. A．cheap B．cheaper C．cheapest 5. A．completely B．completed C．completing 6. A．a B．an C．the 7. A．photo B．photos C．photoes 8. A．order B．will order C．ordered 9. A．show B．showed C．shows 10. A．try B．to try C．trying 【答案】 1. C 2. A 3. B 4. B 5. A 6. C 7. B 8. A 9. C 10. B 【导语】本文介绍了专为外卖而生的云厨房，讲述其发展优势、经营难点，并点明科技正在改变人们的饮食习惯。 【详解】1. 句意：它们也被人们称作虚拟厨房。 固定搭配be known as，意为“作为……而出名、被称作”。本句被动语态，需用know的过去分词known；know是原形，knew是过去式，均不能用于be动词后构成被动。 2. 句意：云厨房是为外卖配送搭建的备餐设施。 介词for表目的，“为了”；to表方向/对象，with表伴随，逻辑均不匹配。 3. 句意：近几年，由于外卖软件普及，这个行业发展得十分迅速。 时间标志“in recent years”是现在完成时标志，结构为“have/has+过去分词”；主语the business为单数，用has grown。grows一般现在时、will grow一般将来时，无法匹配该时间状语。 4. 句意：开一家云厨房要比传统餐馆便宜得多。 句中出现比较级标志词than，意为“比开传统餐馆更便宜”，要用形容词比较级cheaper；cheap原级、cheapest最高级，不能和than搭配。 5. 句意：他们可以全身心地专注于菜品品质。 空格修饰动词focus，需用副词。completely是副词，意为“完全地、全身心地”；completed/completing是complete的变形，均不能修饰动词。 6. 句意：然而，对他们来说最大的难题是如何让自家菜品在网上脱颖而出。 形容词最高级biggest前必须加定冠词the；a/an用于单数可数名词泛指，不能修饰最高级。 7. 句意：他们需要给自家菜品拍出好看的照片。 固定搭配take photos of，意为“给……拍照”，photo复数形式为photos，无photoes写法；photo单数不能单独使用，需变复数表泛指各类菜品照片。 8. 句意：如果你在线上从一家小店点了一份美味餐食，这份餐很有可能来自云厨房。 if引导条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”规则，主句might be表将来含义，从句用一般现在时order；will order将来时、ordered过去式，时态规则不符。 9. 句意：这一点表明，科技正在改变我们的饮食习惯。 本句为主语it，是第三人称单数，一般现在时谓语动词用shows；show原形、showed过去式，主谓不一致。 10. 句意：你想试一试吗？ 固定句型would like to do sth.，意为“想要做某事”，后跟动词不定式to try；try原形、trying动名词，均不匹配该固定搭配。 Passage 3 Time travel is fascinating. Have you ever thought about visiting the past or seeing the future? You could meet your great-great-grandparents or see 1 life could be like in a hundred years. It sounds cool, 2 it’s just a dream. Scientists are still trying to find out if time travel is possible. One famous scientist, Albert Einstein, came up 3 an idea. This idea changed how we think about time and space. Einstein explained that time and space 4 by the speed of light and that time doesn’t always pass at the same speed. Based on (基于)   5 idea, time travel is possible! If you want to travel to the future, you will need 6 close to the speed of light. Then, while 7 go by on Earth, you would only feel a bit of time passing. When you stop and come back to Earth, you might find that you’ve arrived in the future! Now, what about traveling back in time? That seems much 8 . Some scientists think it might be possible to use something called a wormhole (虫洞). However, no one 9 a wormhole yet! Many believe they could be out there, but we haven’t seen any evidence (证明) of them. For now, it looks like time travel is still a dream. While scientists continue to study this 10 idea, we can only hope that time travel might become possible one day. 1. A．how B．that C．what 2. A．or B．but C．and 3. A．in B．of C．with 4. A．were connected B．are connected C．are connecting 5. A．a B．an C．the 6. A．travel B．traveling C．to travel 7. A．years B．year’s C．years’ 8. A．difficult B．more difficult C．the most difficult 9. A．has found B．will find C．found 10. A．fascinate B．fascinated C．fascinating 【答案】 1. C 2. B 3. C 4. B 5. C 6. C 7. A 8. B 9. A 10. C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了时间旅行的可能性，介绍了爱因斯坦关于时空的理论，以及科学家们对于时间旅行到未来和过去的不同看法和假设。 【详解】1. 句意：你可以见到你的曾曾祖父母，或者看看一百年后的生活会是什么样子。 how如何；that那个；what什么。根据“life could be like”可知，此处是固定句型what...be like，意为“……是什么样子的”，应用what作like的宾语。故选C。 2. 句意：这听起来很酷，但这只是一个梦想。 or或者；but但是；and和。根据“It sounds cool, ... it’s just a dream.”可知，前后句之间是转折关系，应用but连接。故选B。 3. 句意：一位著名的科学家，阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦，提出了一个想法。 in在……里面；of……的；with和……一起。根据“came up ... an idea”可知，此处是固定短语come up with，意为“提出，想出”。故选C。 4. 句意：爱因斯坦解释说，时间和空间是由光速连接的，时间并不总是以相同的速度流逝。 were connected一般过去时的被动语态；are connected一般现在时的被动语态；are connecting现在进行时。根据语境可知，句子陈述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，且主语“time and space”和谓语动词“connect”之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态。故选B。 5. 句意：基于这个想法，时间旅行是可能的！ a一个，不定冠词，表示泛指，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an一个，不定冠词，表示泛指，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the这个，定冠词，表示特指。根据上文“This idea changed how we think about time and space.”可知，此处特指上文提到的爱因斯坦的想法，应用定冠词the。故选C。 6. 句意：如果你想穿越到未来，你需要接近光速。 travel旅行，动词原形；traveling动名词或现在分词；to travel动词不定式。根据“you will need ... close to the speed of light.”可知，此处是固定短语need to do sth.，意为“需要做某事”，应用动词不定式作宾语。故选C。 7. 句意：然后，当地球上的岁月流逝，你只会感觉到一点点时间的流逝。 years年，复数名词；year’s年的，名词所有格；years’年的，名词所有格的复数形式。根据“while ... go by on Earth”可知，此处表示地球上的岁月流逝，应用名词复数years作主语。故选A。 8. 句意：那似乎要困难得多。 difficult困难的，形容词原级；more difficult更困难的，形容词比较级；the most difficult最困难的，形容词最高级。much修饰形容词比较级，所以此处应用形容词比较级形式。故选B。 9. 句意：然而，还没有人发现虫洞！ has found现在完成时；will find一般将来时；found一般过去时。根据“yet”可知，句子时态是现在完成时，其结构为have/has+动词的过去分词，主语是no one，助动词用has。故选A。 10. 句意：当科学家们继续研究这个迷人的想法时，我们只能希望有一天时间旅行会成为可能。 fascinate使着迷，动词原形；fascinated着迷的，形容词；fascinating迷人的，形容词。根据“this ... idea”可知，此处应用形容词修饰名词idea，且修饰物，应用-ing结尾的形容词fascinating。故选C。 五、短文填空 Passage 4 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 1 (I) space dream is that one day a space station will be built on the moon. I believe there are quite a few benefits. First, it will be a good place for scientists to cooperate and do space research together. New technologies can 2 (develop), tested, and operated there. These technologies can then 3 (use) to help build stations on Mars and other planets. Second, more resources will 4 (find). I think the moon may have some special kind of energy resources that can be useful to Earth. It just takes time for scientists 5 (find) it. Third, people may live and work there. Tourists will also be able to visit. I want to be one of 6 first visitors. I hope that one day we humans can spend holidays in space and explore 7 universe. Humans have achieved many things 8 were once only dreams. I hope the space station on the moon 9 (build) in the near future, and I hope it will happen during 10 (I) lifetime. 【答案】 1. My 2. be developed 3. be used 4. be found 5. to find 6. the 7. the 8. which/that 9. will be built 10. my 【导语】本文主要介绍了作者关于在月球上建造空间站的梦想，并阐述了月球空间站可能带来的诸多好处。 【详解】1. 句意：我的太空梦想是有一天能在月球上建造一个空间站。此处需用形容词性物主代词修饰名词“space dream”；所给词“I”需变为“My”，且位于句首首字母需大写。 2. 句意：新技术可以在那里被开发、测试和操作。主语“New technologies”与动词“develop”之间为被动关系，且情态动词“can”后需接动词原形，故此处为含有情态动词的被动语态be developed。 3. 句意：这些技术随后可以被用来帮助在火星和其他行星上建造站点。主语“These technologies”与动词“use”之间为被动关系，情态动词“can”后接动词原形，故此处为含有情态动词的被动语态be used。 4. 句意：第二，更多的资源将会被发现。主语“more resources”与动词“find”之间为被动关系，且“will”后接动词原形，故此处为一般将来时的被动语态be found。 5. 句意：科学家只是需要时间找到它。“It takes time for sb. to do sth.”为固定句型，表示“做某事花费某人多长时间”，此处需用动词不定式to find作真正主语。 6. 句意：我想成为首批游客之一。“first”为序数词，序数词前通常需加定冠词the表示特指。 7. 句意：我希望有一天我们人类可以在太空度假并探索宇宙。“universe”（宇宙）为独一无二的事物，其前需加定冠词the。 8. 句意：人类已经实现了许多曾经只是梦想的事情。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词为“many things”，指物，且关系词在从句中作主语，故可用which或that引导。 9. 句意：我希望月球上的空间站能在不久的将来被建造。主语“the space station”与动词“build”之间为被动关系，且“in the near future”提示应用一般将来时，故此处为一般将来时的被动语态will be built。 10. 句意：我希望它能在我的有生之年发生。此处需用形容词性物主代词修饰名词“lifetime”；所给词“I”需变为my。 Passage 5 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 The world is 1 (change) all the time. My grandfather often tells me stories about his childhood. When he was young, there 2 (be) no TVs or computers. People 3 (get) news only from newspapers or radio. They 4 (travel) by bike or on foot. Now, everything is different. We can watch news from all over the world on the Internet 5 (easy). We can travel by plane, train or car. Our lives have become more 6 (convenience). But some people worry about the changes. They say that the environment is 7 (bad) than before, and people are becoming less friendly. I think we should take action 8 (protect) the environment and keep our good traditions. I hope that in the future, the world will become a 9 (good) place for everyone. We should learn to accept the changes and make 10 (we) lives better. 【答案】 1. changing 2. were 3. got 4. traveled/travelled 5. easily 6. convenient 7. worse 8. to protect 9. better 10. our 【导语】本文对比过去与当下生活的变化，探讨变革带来的利弊，期许未来世界变得更美好。 【详解】1. 句意：世界一直在不断变化。该处需一个现在分词，在句中作表语；all the time表示“一直”，体现持续进行；“is+现在分词”构成现在进行时表持续状态。结合动词change，故填changing。 2. 句意：在他年轻的时候，没有电视和电脑。该处需一个be动词作谓语；“When he was young”表明讲述过去；there be句型遵循就近原则，TVs为复数，故填were。 3. 句意：人们只能从报纸或收音机获取新闻。该处需一个动词作谓语；语境介绍祖父年轻时的生活，属于过去。get的过去式为got，故填got。 4. 句意：他们骑自行车或者步行出行。该处需一个动词作谓语；承接上文，依旧描述过去的生活方式；时态使用一般过去时。travel过去式travelled或traveled，两者均可。 5. 句意：我们可以在互联网上轻松观看来自世界各地的新闻。该处需一个副词，在句中作状语修饰动词watch；easy为形容词，副词形式easily。故填easily。 6. 句意：我们的生活变得更加便利。该处需一个形容词，在句中作表语；convenience为名词，形容词形式convenient。故填convenient。 7. 句意：他们说环境比以前更差了，而且人们变得不那么友好。该处需一个形容词，在句中作表语；出现标志词than，表示两者对比；形容词使用比较级。bad的比较级为worse，故填worse。 8. 句意：我认为我们应当采取行动保护环境、传承优良传统。该处需一个非谓语动词；固定搭配“take action to do sth.”表示“采取行动去做某事”。故填to protect。 9. 句意：我希望将来世界能成为对所有人而言一个更好的地方。该处需一个形容词作定语修饰place；暗含与当下对比，使用形容词比较级。good的比较级为better，故填better。 10. 句意：我们应当学会接纳改变，让我们的生活变得更好。该处需一个形容词性物主代词修饰名词lives，表示所属；we为人称代词主格，形容词性物主代词为our。故填our。 Passage 6 What will your future life look like? Let’s have 1 look. In 3000, medical technology will be 2 (good) than ever. When you get up in the morning and look into the mirror, your face will be beautiful and young-looking. Many people at your age could live to be 120, and your parents will just have an anti-aging (抗衰老的) 3 (treat). All of you will look the same age! Besides, “smart clothes” will contain special particles (粒子), 4 will be much smaller than the cells in your body. They can 5 (design) to change your clothes’ color or pattern. When you say to your shirt, “Turn red”, it will change from blue to red. There will also be a great change in your house. If you get into the kitchen, you 6 (find) a special food machine that will tell you what your body needs and help you eat 7 (healthy). In 3000, cars will drive 8 (they). You can just tell your “smart car” where to go. On the way, it will be possible 9 (change) the color of cars at the flick of a switch. Such “smart technology” will be all around you, and let’s look forward 10 it. 【答案】 1. a 2. better 3. treatment 4. which 5. be designed 6. will find 7. healthily 8. themselves 9. to change 10. to 【导语】本文畅想3000年未来生活，介绍未来医疗、智能服饰、家居设备、自动驾驶汽车等前沿智能科技。 【详解】1. 句意：咱们来看一看。“have a look”是固定搭配，表示“看一看”。 2. 句意：公元3000年，医疗技术将比以往更加先进。“than”是比较级标志，“good”使用其比较级形式“better”。 3. 句意：你这个年纪的很多人可以活到120岁，你的父母只需进行抗衰老治疗。“anti-aging”是形容词，后接名词，“treat”的名词形式是“treatment”，“an”提示名词用单数形式。 4. 句意：此外，“智能衣物”含有特殊粒子，它们远小于人体细胞。空处前用逗号隔开，先行词为“particles”，表事物，此处为非限制性定语从句，指代事物的非限制性定语从句关系词用“which”。 5. 句意：它们可以被设计用来改变衣服的颜色或图案。“can”后接动词原形，主语“They（指代particles）”和“design”是被动关系，使用被动语态，此处需填“design”的被动式“be designed”。 6. 句意：如果你走进厨房，你会发现一台特殊的食品机器，它会告诉你你的身体需要什么，并帮助你吃得健康。本句是由“If”引导的条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时，此处应填“will find”。 7. 句意：如果你走进厨房，你会发现一台特殊的食品机器，它会告诉你你的身体需要什么，并帮助你吃得健康。动词“eat”需要副词修饰，“healthy”的副词形式是“healthily”。 8. 句意：公元3000年，汽车能够自动驾驶。drive oneself表示“自动驾驶”，主语“cars”是复数，反身代词也用复数，此处填“themselves”。 9. 句意：在路上，轻按开关就有可能改变汽车颜色。“It is possible to do sth.”是固定句型，表示“做某事是有可能的”，真正的主语是动词不定式，此处填“to change”。 10. 句意：这类“智能科技”将会无处不在，让我们共同期待。“look forward to”是固定短语，表示“期待”。 六、选词填空 Passage 7 请从方框内选择适当的词，并根据需要用其正确形式填空，使文章语法正确、完整连贯，并将答案写在答题卡对应题目的答题位置上。注意：每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。 around   that   well   before   they   with   after   new   come   long   give   technology In 2025, a new generation (一代人) are arriving. They’re called Generation Beta. They are the children born from early 2025 to the end of 2039. Right 1 them, there were Generation Alpha who were born from 2010 to 2024. An Australian research company 2 them these names. Generation Beta 3 after Generation Alpha, just like the order of letters in the Greek alphabet (字母表). Their research predicts 4 by 2035, about 16% of the world’s people will be from Generation Beta. Many of them will live a 5 time, maybe into the 22nd century. This 6 generation will grow up with lots of AI and digital tools. They’ll see self-driving cars, wear health-tracking devices, and use virtual reality (虚拟现实) in 7 daily lives. School, work, healthcare, and fun time will all be different because of these 8 . But they’ll also face big challenges, such as climate change, people moving 9 a lot, and cities growing too fast. The good news is that they’ll be more aware of the world, care more about their communities, and work together 10 . They’ll learn that new ideas are important not just for making life easier, but for solving the big problems of their time. 【答案】 1. before 2. gave 3. comes 4. that 5. long 6. new 7. their 8. technology 9. around 10. better 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了“贝塔一代”的定义、时间范围、人口占比、成长环境及面临的挑战。 1. 句意：在他们之前，有2010年至2024年出生的“阿尔法一代”。根据“there were Generation Alpha who were born from 2010 to 2024”可知，“阿尔法一代”出生时间早于“贝塔一代”，因此此处需表达“在……之前”。结合方框中的“before”，其作为介词表示时间顺序，故填before。 2. 句意：一家澳大利亚研究公司给他们起了这些名字。根据“them these names”可知，此处需填表示“赋予、给予”的动词，give“给”，且句子描述过去发生的动作，需用一般过去时“gave”。故填gave。 3. 句意：“贝塔一代”跟随在“阿尔法一代”之后，就像希腊字母表中的字母顺序一样。根据“just like the order of letters in the Greek alphabet”可知，两代人的命名顺序对应希腊字母表中“阿尔法”和“贝塔”的先后顺序，因此此处需表达“跟随”即come after；句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语“Generation Beta”为单数，动词用第三人称单数形式“comes”，故填comes。 4. 句意：他们的研究预测，到2035年，全球约16%的人口将来自“贝塔一代”。根据“predicts...by 2035, about 16% of the world’s people will be from Generation Beta”可知，“predicts”后接宾语从句，从句结构完整，需用that引导宾语从句。故填that。 5. 句意：他们中的许多人将长寿，或许能活到22世纪。根据“maybe into the 22nd century”可知，此处强调寿命长度，“long time”表示“长时间”，符合“活到22世纪”的语境。故填long。 6. 句意：这一新一代将在大量人工智能和数字工具的陪伴下成长。根据上文对“贝塔一代”的介绍，此处需强调“新的”一代。“new”为形容词，修饰“generation”，故填new。 7. 句意：他们将在日常生活中看到自动驾驶汽车、佩戴健康追踪设备并使用虚拟现实技术。根据“daily lives”可知，此处需用形容词性物主代词表示“他们的”。“they”的形容词性物主代词为“their”，修饰“daily lives”，故填their。 8. 句意：由于这些技术，学校、工作、医疗和娱乐时间都将不同。根据“self-driving cars, wear health-tracking devices, and use virtual reality”和“these...”可知，这里是指这些科技，所以要填technology“科学技术”的复数名词形式，故填technologies。 9. 句意：但他们也将面临重大挑战，如气候变化、人口大量迁移和城市增长过快。根据“people moving...a lot”可知，此处需表达“迁移”或“四处流动”。moving around“四处移动”故填around。 10. 句意：好消息是，他们将更了解世界，更关心自己的社区，并更好地合作。根据“care more about their communities, and work together”可知，此处需用副词比较级与前文“care more”形成并列结构。方框中的“well”的比较级为“better”，表示“更好地”，故填better。 Passage 8 请从方框内选择适当的词，并根据需要用其正确的形式填空，使文章语法正确、完整连贯。注意：每空一词，每词仅使用一次，有两词为多余选项。 afraid   in   get   however   job   operation   they   perfect   like   do   accept   friend I am a robot living in the year 2030. My name is Union. I was born 1 1972. For the past years, I’ve changed a lot. Now, I am part of a big robot family. In my family, each robot has a special 2 . We all work hard to help humans. 3 , life is not easy for us. Many humans are 4 of us. Sometimes we are treated rudely. They think we might take 5 jobs, or harm them. This is not true. We are brought here to help, not to hurt. For example, my sister cleans houses faster and better than humans without 6 tired. My uncle, the doctor robot, can help perform operations 7 . Still, some people fear us because they don’t understand us. I wish humans could see that we are not their enemies but 8 . We are here to make their lives easier and better. I believe robots should have rights, 9 humans do. Robots are artificial intelligence beings, and should be treated with respect and dignity. Maybe one day, they will 10 us as part of their world. Until then, we will keep doing our jobs, hoping for a brighter future together. 【答案】 1. in 2. job 3. However 4. afraid 5. their 6. getting 7. perfectly 8. friends 9. like 10. accept 【导语】本文主要以机器人视角讲述了未来机器人对人类生活和工作中的帮助，以及人类对机器人的一些误解，机器人希望人类能接受它们成为他们世界的一部分。 【详解】1. 句意：我出生于1972年。根据“I was born…1972”可知，此处指这个机器人出生于1972年，应用备选词汇中介词in修饰年份。故填in。 2. 句意：在我家，每个机器人都有一个特殊的工作。根据“each robot has a special…We all work hard to help humans.”可知，机器人为人类工作，此处指每个机器人都有一份特殊的“工作”，应用备选词汇中可数名词job“工作”的单数形式作宾语。故填job。 3. 句意：然而，生活对我们来说并不容易。根据前后句“We all work hard to help humans…life is not easy for us.”及标点符号可知，前后句表示转折，此处应用备选词汇中的however表示“然而”，且句首首字母大写。故填However。 4. 句意：许多人害怕我们。根据第二段“Sometimes we are treated rudely. They think we might…”及该段最后一句“Still, some people fear us because they don’t understand us.”可知，此处指有些人“害怕”机器人，应用备选词汇中的形容词afraid“害怕的”与之构成形容词短语，“be afraid of sb.”表示“害怕某人”。故填afraid。 5. 句意：他们认为我们可能会抢走他们的工作，或者伤害他们。根据“We are brought here to help, not to hurt.”及语境可知，此处应指机器人是给人类提供帮助的，并不会抢走“他们的”工作或伤害他们，应用备选词汇中代词they对应的形容词性物主代词作定语修饰jobs。故填their。 6. 句意：例如，我妹妹打扫房子比人类更快更好，而且不会感到疲倦。根据“my sister cleans houses faster and better than humans without…tired.”及备选词汇可知，此处指该机器人的妹妹打扫房子并不会“感到”疲惫，应用备选词汇中的系动词get与之搭配，“get tired”表示“感到疲惫”，且介词without后应用其动名词形式。故填getting。 7. 句意：我的叔叔，医生机器人，可以帮助完美地执行手术。根据“the doctor robot, can help perform operations…”及常识可知，此处应用备选词汇中的形容词perfect“完美的”的副词形式修饰动词perform，指机器人“完美地”执行了手术。故填perfectly。 8. 句意：我希望人类能看到我们不是敌人，而是朋友。根据“Still, some people fear us because they don’t understand us. I wish humans could see that we are not their enemies but…”及语境可知，机器人认为人类对它们产生了误会，它们与人类不是敌人而是“朋友”，应用备选词汇中名词friend“朋友”的复数形式表泛指。故填friends。 9. 句意：我认为机器人应该像人类一样拥有权利。根据“Robots are artificial intelligence beings, and should be treated with respect and dignity.”及语境可知，此处指机器人认为它们也应该“像人类一样”拥有权力，应用备选词汇中的介词like与之搭配，“like…”表示“像……一样”。故填like。 10. 句意：也许有一天，他们会接受我们成为他们世界的一部分。根据前后句“Robots are artificial intelligence beings, and should be treated with respect and dignity.…Until then, we will keep doing our jobs, hoping for a brighter future together.”及语境可知，机器人认为它们也应该得到尊重和尊严并希望与人类共同拥有更美好的未来，且空处缺动词作谓语，应用备选词汇中动词accept与之搭配，表示机器人希望有一天人类会“接受”机器人成为他们世界的一部分，且will后应用其动词原形作谓语。 18 / 18乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $单元核心语法精练 Unit 5 Power of Ideas （新教材人教版） （一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态） 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 解题综合提升 表格梳理了被动语态的构成（助动词 be + 及物动词过去分词），并对比一般现在时被动（am/is/are + done）与一般过去时被动（was/were + done）的结构、否定/疑问变化及常见时间标志词，帮助区分两种时态的被动用法。 语法模块 具体内容 结构 / 规则 典型例句及翻译 一般现在时被动 结构 主语 + am / is / are + 及物动词的过去分词 + 其他 English is spoken by many people.（英语被许多人说） 否定 / 疑问 否定：be + not；疑问：Am / Is / Are 提前 Is the desk made by him?（这张桌子是他做的吗） 标志词 every day、usually、now、often 等频度 / 现状词 The classroom is cleaned every morning.（教室每天早晨被打扫） 一般过去时被动 结构 主语 + was / were + 及物动词的过去分词 + 其他 The door was opened by him.（门被他打开了） 否定 / 疑问 否定：was / were + not；疑问：Was / Were 提前 Were you asked to go home on time?（你被要求按时回家了吗） 标志词 yesterday、last week、…ago、in + 过去年份 The bridge was built last year.（这座桥去年被建成） 使用注意事项 1. 被动语态由“助动词 be + 及物动词的过去分词”构成，be 必须随主语的人称、数和时态变化；只有及物动词才有被动语态，不及物动词（如 happen、appear）无被动。 2. 一般现在时被动用 am/is/are + done，一般过去时被动用 was/were + done；判断时态先看句中的时间标志词（every day → 现在；yesterday → 过去）。 3. 被动语态的否定在 be 后加 not，疑问句把 be 提到主语前；主语单数用 is/was，复数用 are/were。 4. 主动变被动：将主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语，谓语变为 be done，原主语变为 by 短语（常可省略）；动作执行者不明或无需说明时，by 短语可省。 5. 短语动词（如 look after、take care of、pay attention to）变为被动时不可拆开丢掉介词或副词，如 The baby is looked after by the nurse。 6. 被动语态中的 be 是助动词，必须随主语和时态变化，不要把它误当成连系动词而漏掉后面的过去分词。 一、单项选择 1. Chinese ________ as a second language by more and more people around the world now. A．speaks B．is spoken C．spoke D．was spoken 2. The 24th Winter Olympic Games ________ in Beijing and Zhangjiakou in 2022. A．hold B．held C．were held D．are held 3. The friendly tradition of helping strangers ________ from one generation to the next in this small town. A．passes B．is passed C．was passed D．passed 4. The letter ________ by hand, because the writer preferred typing on the computer. A．isn’t written B．wasn’t written C．weren’t written D．hasn’t written 5. —________ the windows ________ by the students yesterday? —Yes, they cleaned them after class. A．Are; cleaned B．Were; cleaned C．Do; clean D．Did; clean 6. The lovely pet dog ________ by my neighbour when we are on holiday. A．is looked after B．is looked C．looks after D．was looked 7. The famous novel Journey to the West ________ by Wu Cheng’en, a great writer of the Ming Dynasty. A．writes B．wrote C．was written D．is written 8. The traffic accident ________ on the bridge at about 8 p.m. yesterday. A．was happened B．happened C．is happened D．has been happened 9. The poor boy ________ a new schoolbag by a kind stranger last Children’s Day. A．gave B．was given C．was gave D．is given 10. All the dangerous waste ________ away according to the new environmental law. A．must be taken B．must take C．is taken D．was taken 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. The ancient coin ________ (find) in the field by a little boy last spring. 2. English ________ (speak) in many countries, so it is useful to learn. 3. The windows of the classroom ________ (clean) every day by the students on duty. 4. The sick bird ________ (take) to the animal hospital by the kind girl yesterday. 5. The children ________ (look) after well by their grandparents when parents are busy. 6. The project ________ (finish) before the deadline, or we will be in trouble. 7. A new subway ________ (build) in our city at present. 8. The letter ________ (write) by my pen friend in Canada last month. 9. They ________ (not invite) to the party because they were away on holiday. 10. He ________ (give) a nice present by his aunt on his birthday. 三、按要求完成句子 1. We plant thousands of trees in the park every spring.（改为被动语态） Thousands of trees ________ ________ in the park every spring. 2. The workers built this tall building last year.（改为被动语态） This tall building ________ ________ by the workers last year. 3. 这些传统的手工艺品如今被销往许多国家。 These traditional handicrafts ________ ________ ________ many countries now. 4. Someone broke the window of the classroom yesterday.（改为被动语态） The window of the classroom ________ ________ yesterday. 5. The machine was invented in 1998.（对划线部分提问） ________ ________ the machine ________? 6. 医生们正在手术室里救治那位伤员。 The wounded man ________ ________ ________ by the doctors now. 7. We heard the boy sing a beautiful song at the party.（改为被动语态） The boy ________ ________ ________ sing a beautiful song by us at the party. 8. The naughty boy by his mother was punished for telling lies.（对划线部分提问） ________ ________ the naughty boy punished for telling lies? 9. They took good care of the old man in the hospital.（改为被动语态） The old man ________ ________ ________ ________ in the hospital. 10. The new school was built in the centre of the town.（对划线部分提问） ________ ________ the new school built? 四、语法选择 Passage 1 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题3个选项中选出一个最佳的答案。 These days, cars are designed using computers. Let’s look at how a new car is created. First, several 1 talk about the new car and good ideas that they have. Then they sit down at their computers and 2 many sketches (草图). 3 best two or three drawings are chosen and then more detailed drawings of cars are developed on the computer. You can change the size, shape or color of any part on the computer to see 4 the car would look like and then you can choose the best design. Both the inside 5 the outside of the car have to be designed. Part of the inside of the car is 6 so that the designers can sit in it. They can feel if there is enough 7 inside and if they can reach everything. Then some cars are built—there are more than 15,000 parts of a car to be tested. When everything is known to be 8 , the cars are made in the factory. Again, computers are used to make sure 9 all the parts are ready as they are needed. The factory usually stays 10 all through the night so that the car production never stops. 1．A．designer B．designers C．designer’s 2．A．draw B．drew C．to draw 3．A．A B．The C．/ 4．A．how B．if C．what 5．A．or B．nor C．and 6．A．build B．built C．building 7．A．rooms B．rooms’ C．room 8．A．safe B．safer C．safely 9．A．that B．if C．how 10．A．opened B．open C．opening Passage 2 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将对应选项涂黑。 Have you ever heard of “cloud kitchens”? They are also 1 as ghost kitchens (虚拟厨房). Unlike traditional restaurants, a cloud kitchen is a professional food preparation facility (设施) built 2 delivery (配送)—only meals. There is no dining area for customers to eat in. The business 3 very quickly in recent years because of the popularity of food delivery apps. For startup (初创企业) owners, it’s much 4 to open a cloud kitchen than a traditional restaurant because they don’t have to worry about the location and environment. They can focus 5 on the food quality. However, 6 biggest challenge for them is how to make their food stand out online. They need to take good 7 of their food and design creative online menus to attract customers. If you 8 a delicious meal from a small kitchen online, it might be from a cloud kitchen. It 9 that our eating habits are changing because of technology. Would you like 10 one? 1. A．know B．knew C．known 2. A．for B．to C．with 3. A．grows B．has grown C．will grow 4. A．cheap B．cheaper C．cheapest 5. A．completely B．completed C．completing 6. A．a B．an C．the 7. A．photo B．photos C．photoes 8. A．order B．will order C．ordered 9. A．show B．showed C．shows 10. A．try B．to try C．trying Passage 3 Time travel is fascinating. Have you ever thought about visiting the past or seeing the future? You could meet your great-great-grandparents or see 1 life could be like in a hundred years. It sounds cool, 2 it’s just a dream. Scientists are still trying to find out if time travel is possible. One famous scientist, Albert Einstein, came up 3 an idea. This idea changed how we think about time and space. Einstein explained that time and space 4 by the speed of light and that time doesn’t always pass at the same speed. Based on (基于)   5 idea, time travel is possible! If you want to travel to the future, you will need 6 close to the speed of light. Then, while 7 go by on Earth, you would only feel a bit of time passing. When you stop and come back to Earth, you might find that you’ve arrived in the future! Now, what about traveling back in time? That seems much 8 . Some scientists think it might be possible to use something called a wormhole (虫洞). However, no one 9 a wormhole yet! Many believe they could be out there, but we haven’t seen any evidence (证明) of them. For now, it looks like time travel is still a dream. While scientists continue to study this 10 idea, we can only hope that time travel might become possible one day. 1. A．how B．that C．what 2. A．or B．but C．and 3. A．in B．of C．with 4. A．were connected B．are connected C．are connecting 5. A．a B．an C．the 6. A．travel B．traveling C．to travel 7. A．years B．year’s C．years’ 8. A．difficult B．more difficult C．the most difficult 9. A．has found B．will find C．found 10. A．fascinate B．fascinated C．fascinating 五、短文填空 Passage 4 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 1 (I) space dream is that one day a space station will be built on the moon. I believe there are quite a few benefits. First, it will be a good place for scientists to cooperate and do space research together. New technologies can 2 (develop), tested, and operated there. These technologies can then 3 (use) to help build stations on Mars and other planets. Second, more resources will 4 (find). I think the moon may have some special kind of energy resources that can be useful to Earth. It just takes time for scientists 5 (find) it. Third, people may live and work there. Tourists will also be able to visit. I want to be one of 6 first visitors. I hope that one day we humans can spend holidays in space and explore 7 universe. Humans have achieved many things 8 were once only dreams. I hope the space station on the moon 9 (build) in the near future, and I hope it will happen during 10 (I) lifetime. Passage 5 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 The world is 1 (change) all the time. My grandfather often tells me stories about his childhood. When he was young, there 2 (be) no TVs or computers. People 3 (get) news only from newspapers or radio. They 4 (travel) by bike or on foot. Now, everything is different. We can watch news from all over the world on the Internet 5 (easy). We can travel by plane, train or car. Our lives have become more 6 (convenience). But some people worry about the changes. They say that the environment is 7 (bad) than before, and people are becoming less friendly. I think we should take action 8 (protect) the environment and keep our good traditions. I hope that in the future, the world will become a 9 (good) place for everyone. We should learn to accept the changes and make 10 (we) lives better. Passage 6 What will your future life look like? Let’s have 1 look. In 3000, medical technology will be 2 (good) than ever. When you get up in the morning and look into the mirror, your face will be beautiful and young-looking. Many people at your age could live to be 120, and your parents will just have an anti-aging (抗衰老的) 3 (treat). All of you will look the same age! Besides, “smart clothes” will contain special particles (粒子), 4 will be much smaller than the cells in your body. They can 5 (design) to change your clothes’ color or pattern. When you say to your shirt, “Turn red”, it will change from blue to red. There will also be a great change in your house. If you get into the kitchen, you 6 (find) a special food machine that will tell you what your body needs and help you eat 7 (healthy). In 3000, cars will drive 8 (they). You can just tell your “smart car” where to go. On the way, it will be possible 9 (change) the color of cars at the flick of a switch. Such “smart technology” will be all around you, and let’s look forward 10 it. 六、选词填空 Passage 7 请从方框内选择适当的词，并根据需要用其正确形式填空，使文章语法正确、完整连贯，并将答案写在答题卡对应题目的答题位置上。注意：每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。 around   that   well   before   they   with   after   new   come   long   give   technology In 2025, a new generation (一代人) are arriving. They’re called Generation Beta. They are the children born from early 2025 to the end of 2039. Right 1 them, there were Generation Alpha who were born from 2010 to 2024. An Australian research company 2 them these names. Generation Beta 3 after Generation Alpha, just like the order of letters in the Greek alphabet (字母表). Their research predicts 4 by 2035, about 16% of the world’s people will be from Generation Beta. Many of them will live a 5 time, maybe into the 22nd century. This 6 generation will grow up with lots of AI and digital tools. They’ll see self-driving cars, wear health-tracking devices, and use virtual reality (虚拟现实) in 7 daily lives. School, work, healthcare, and fun time will all be different because of these 8 . But they’ll also face big challenges, such as climate change, people moving 9 a lot, and cities growing too fast. The good news is that they’ll be more aware of the world, care more about their communities, and work together 10 . They’ll learn that new ideas are important not just for making life easier, but for solving the big problems of their time. Passage 8 请从方框内选择适当的词，并根据需要用其正确的形式填空，使文章语法正确、完整连贯。注意：每空一词，每词仅使用一次，有两词为多余选项。 afraid   in   get   however   job   operation   they   perfect   like   do   accept   friend I am a robot living in the year 2030. My name is Union. I was born 1 1972. For the past years, I’ve changed a lot. Now, I am part of a big robot family. In my family, each robot has a special 2 . We all work hard to help humans. 3 , life is not easy for us. Many humans are 4 of us. Sometimes we are treated rudely. They think we might take 5 jobs, or harm them. This is not true. We are brought here to help, not to hurt. For example, my sister cleans houses faster and better than humans without 6 tired. My uncle, the doctor robot, can help perform operations 7 . Still, some people fear us because they don’t understand us. I wish humans could see that we are not their enemies but 8 . We are here to make their lives easier and better. I believe robots should have rights, 9 humans do. Robots are artificial intelligence beings, and should be treated with respect and dignity. Maybe one day, they will 10 us as part of their world. Until then, we will keep doing our jobs, hoping for a brighter future together. 8 / 8乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $