Unit 5 课时3 Section A Grammar Focus（分层作业）英语新教材人教版九年级上册

**基本信息** 初中英语新授课同步练，以“核心知识速记+四阶分层”设计，覆盖被动语态等语法点，从词汇句型到语篇应用，培养语言能力与思维品质。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础达标|词汇/词组默写、被动语态基础填空|机械记忆巩固基础，匹配课时核心词汇句型| |能力提升|被动语态单选/句型转换|语法规则应用，强化语态转换技能| |拓展培优|语篇填空/阅读还原|语篇综合运用，渗透文化意识| |思维进阶|语法选择/批判性思维写作|高阶思维训练，提升语言输出与问题解决能力|

Unit 5 Power of Ideas 课时3 Section A Grammar Focus 分层作业 核心知识速记 01基础达标 02能力提升 03拓展培优 04思维进阶 ( 词汇 wheel n. 车轮；轮子 layer n. 层；表层 frozen adj. 冻硬的；冰封的 melt v.（使）融化；逐渐消失 be impossible to do sth. 做某事是不可能的 complete v. 完成；结束adj. 完全的；彻底的 pipe n. 管道；管子；烟斗 tunnel n. 隧道；地下通道 tourism n. 旅游业 gain v. 获得；取得 above sea level 海拔 a huge distance of ……的长距离 animal-friendly 对动物友好的 start the machine 启动机器 help improve transport 帮助改善交通 tourism and economic development 旅游和经济发展 lessons learnt and experience gained 学到的教训和获得的经验 keep the railway up above the ground 使铁路保持在地面之上 be supposed to do / be sth 应当做（某事）或是（某物） 句型 1. A mini-camera is connected to the front of the glasses. 微型摄像头被连接在眼镜的前部。 2. The oil and salt are added by the machine itself. 油和盐由机器自动添加。 2. A radio message was sent across the Atlantic Ocean for the first time in 1901. 1901年，第一条无线电信息首次被发送到大西洋彼岸。 3. Toys, chairs, tables, and even houses can all be made by the 3D printer. 玩具、椅子、桌子，甚至房屋，都可以由3D打印机制造出来。 4. It is believed that the world’s oldest wheel was found in Eastern Europe. 人们认为，世界上最古老的轮子是在东欧被发现的。 6. It wasn’t supposed to make such a loud noise when the button was pressed to start the machine. 按下按钮启动机器时，它本不该发出这么大的噪音。 ) 一、单词默写。 1. _______ /səˈpəʊz/ v. 认为；推断 2. ________ /wiːl/ n. 车轮；轮子 3. __________ /ˈfrəʊzn/ adj. 冻硬的；冰封的 4. ________ /kəmˈpliːt/ v. 完成；结束adj. 完全的 5. _______ /ˈleɪə(r)/ n. 层；表层 6. ________ /melt/ v.（使）融化；逐渐消失 7. __________ /paɪp/ n. 管道；管子；烟斗 8. ________ /ˈtʌnl/ n. 隧道；地下通道 9. __________ /ˈtʊərɪzəm/ n. 旅游业 10. ________ /ɡeɪn/ v. 获得；取得 二、词组默写。 1. ……的长距离 ______________________ 2. 海拔 _______________________ 3. 做某事是不可能的__________ 4. 对动物友好的 ________ 5. 旅游和经济发展 ________ 6. 学到的教训和获得的经验_____ 7. 帮助改善交通 __________ 8. 使铁路保持在地面之上 ________ 9. 启动机器 ________ 10. 应当做（某事）或是（某物）_____ 三、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 1. Many useful inventions ________ (create) by young people around the world every year. 2. The ancient vase __________ (discover) by a farmer in 1970. 3. Usually, the homework __________ (check) by the teacher before the class starts. 4. These dangerous chemicals must __________ (keep) away from children. 5. It is said that this ancient bridge ________ (build) over 1,000 years ago. 四、单项选择。 1. — Who is the little girl in the picture? — Oh, it's me! This photo ______ when I was five years old. A. is taken B. was taken C. took D. has taken 2. Nowadays, computers ______ widely in schools to help students learn better. A. are used B. were used C. use D. used 3. The 3D printer is amazing. Many different things ______ by it in the future. A. can make B. can be made C. could make D. could be made 4. — Look at the sign! It says "No Parking". — Sorry, I didn't see it. But I don't think cars should ______ here. A. park B. parking C. be parked D. parked 5. Tea ______ by accident in ancient China, and now it is popular all over the world. A. invented B. was invented C. is invented D. has invented 6. The classroom is very clean. It ______ just now. A. cleans B. cleaned C. is cleaned D. was cleaned 7. — Do you know when the telephone ______? — Yes, I think it was invented in 1876. A. invented B. is invented C. was invented D. has invented 8. It is said that the first paper money ______ in China during the Song Dynasty. A. used B. uses C. is used D. was used 9. These old stories ______ to children in many countries every year. A. are told B. told C. tell D. were told 10. The old bridge ______ last year because it was too dangerous. A. pulled down B. was pulled down C. pulls down D. is pulled down 五、句型转换。(改为被动语态) 1. People invent many new things every year. _______________________________________________________ 2. Ancient Chinese people created paper thousands of years ago. _______________________________________________________ 3. Farmers grow rice in many parts of China. _______________________________________________________ 4. We can use this kind of machine in many ways. _______________________________________________________ 5. They planted many trees along the river last spring. _______________________________________________________ 六、短文填空。 阅读下面短文，用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。 The 1920s was an exciting time for inventions. Some of the things invented around that time changed the lives of millions of people, and some are still 1 (wide) used today. The invention with the biggest impact was probably the television. It 2 (invent) by John Logie Baird. The first televised pictures were sent over a short distance in 1924. His invention was shown at the Royal Institute two years later. The pictures on the screen were 3 (clear). And viewers could only see that they were human faces, and they could see their eyes 4 (open) and closing. In 1928, images were sent from Britain to America, and the first “seeing-in sets” were sold. For £25 (£1000 in today’s money), people in 5 (they) homes could watch moving images that were sent from a broadcasting station. Another popular invention was the home refrigerator. People used different ways 6 (keep) food cool and fresh long before the 1900s, but home fridges weren’t invented until 1913 and became very popular in the US in the 1920s. British people were 7 (little) interested in fridges than Americans because the weather in Britain was cooler. The 8 (three) invention was the polygraph. In 1921, a California policeman invented it. He made a machine that measured (测量) 9 (people) heart rate and breathing while they were asked questions. The experts believed that sudden changes in these measurements 10 (show) that someone was lying. Although this invention is well-known, it can’t really detect lies. However, police still use them because many people believe they work. 七、阅读还原。 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Chopsticks are a pair of sticks to be used when eating. 1 Chopsticks are considered one of the symbols of Chinese food culture. Here are three things you should know about them. 2 Chinese people started to use chopsticks about 3,000 years ago during the Shang Dynasty. During the pre-Qin period, chopsticks were called “Jia”, and in the Qin and Han dynasties, they were called “Zhu”. Because “Zhu” shares the same pronunciation with “stop” in Chinese, which is an unlucky word, by the Ming Dynasty, people began to call them “Kuai”, meaning “fast” in Chinese. 3 Who invented chopsticks? 4 One is that Jiang Ziya created chopsticks after getting an idea from a mythical (神秘的) bird. It is also said that Yu the Great, who founded the Xia Dynasty, used sticks to pick hot food in order to save time to control floods, so chopsticks came into being. How should we behave when using chopsticks? When eating with the elders, Chinese people usually let the elders take up chopsticks before anyone else. 5 It’s also bad to tap (敲) chopsticks on the edge of your bowl, because in ancient China, beggars (乞丐) often did it to attract attention. A．How were chopsticks invented? B．When were chopsticks invented? C．It’s polite to use chopsticks to eat noodles. D．Besides, playing with chopsticks is thought to be impolite. E．This is the origin (起源) of today’s name of Chinese chopsticks. F．They were first used in China and then introduced to other countries. G．There is no exact historical record, but there are many folk stories about it. 八、语法选择。 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。 Li Liang has always been interested in science since childhood. He’s good 1 solving problems in daily life. It is his dream 2 people live better. One night, when he was 11, he watched 3 news on TV with his parents. He 4 that the vegetables people ate in a nearby village had harmful chemicals (化学物质) left in them. Parents and 5 were worried about their food safety. He couldn’t sleep that night 6 he kept thinking about the kids of his age who didn’t have safe vegetables. He decided to do something to help. He spent over a year in researching and testing. Finally, a tool 7 by him. It could show results quickly, so people would know 8 safe. Now, as a college student, he gives public talks and holds science workshops (工作坊) to share 9 research methods. Through his 10 work, more and more students are following in his footsteps. 1．A．at B．with C．for D．to 2．A．make B．to make C．admire D．to admire 3．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 4．A．hear B．heard C．is hearing D．has heard 5．A．kid B．kids C．kid’s D．kids’ 6．A．though B．since C．unless D．because 7．A．invented B．is invented C．was invented D．invents 8．A．why was the food B．why the food was C．whether was the food D．whether the food was 9．A．he B．his C．him D．himself 10．A．hard B．hardly C．harder D．hardest Part 1: Read and Explore Ding Chen is 13 years old and he is from Anhui Province. He is only a middle school student, but he is famous in his hometown. Lots of people know him because of his great invention. Three years ago, Ding Chen wanted to invent something for his grandparents. His grandparents lived in an old building without elevators (电梯). They had to climb stairs every day. After his grandfather fell ill, climbing stairs became even harder for him than before. That’s when Ding Chen had an idea. He dreamed of inventing something that could help his grandparents climb stairs more easily. Three years later, Ding Chen’s dream came true. He solved all problems and invented a machine. The machine was very useful and it could help his grandparents climb stairs. To his surprise, the machine helped him win an international invention award. He felt very excited when he won the award. His parents and teachers were proud of him. All his classmates said that he was their pride. In the future, Ding Chen wants to make some improvements on his invention. He also plans to apply for a patent (专利证书) for his invention. If possible, he wants to find some companies to produce this kind of machine. “I hope all the people in need can benefit from it.” he said. Part 2: Skills Challenge Task 1: Critical Thinking（根据文章内容回答问题） 1. Why did Ding Chen decide to invent a machine three years ago? ___________________________________________________________________________________ 2. What unexpected good thing did Ding Chen get from his invention? ___________________________________________________________________________________ 3. Ding Chen solved all problems and invented a machine. (改为被动语态) ___________________________________________________________________________________ Task 2: Complete the chart below（梳理文章信息，完成表格） Time Ding Chen’s experience Three years ago He planned to invent something to help his 1.________ climb stairs easily. Three years later A useful machine was invented and an international 2.________ was won by him. In the future He will improve his invention and get a 3.________ for it. Task 3: Creative Project Suppose you are a reporter. Write a short introduction about Ding Chen. Requirements: Write two facts about him; Use at least one passive voice sentence. We all admire Ding Chen very much. He is 1._______________. His great invention 2._____________. He sets a good example for all middle school students. ( 1 / 7 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5 Power of Ideas 课时3 Section A Grammar Focus 分层作业 核心知识速记 01基础达标 02能力提升 03拓展培优 04思维进阶 ( 词汇 wheel n. 车轮；轮子 layer n. 层；表层 frozen adj. 冻硬的；冰封的 melt v.（使）融化；逐渐消失 be impossible to do sth. 做某事是不可能的 complete v. 完成；结束adj. 完全的；彻底的 pipe n. 管道；管子；烟斗 tunnel n. 隧道；地下通道 tourism n. 旅游业 gain v. 获得；取得 above sea level 海拔 a huge distance of ……的长距离 animal-friendly 对动物友好的 start the machine 启动机器 help improve transport 帮助改善交通 tourism and economic development 旅游和经济发展 lessons learnt and experience gained 学到的教训和获得的经验 keep the railway up above the ground 使铁路保持在地面之上 be supposed to do / be sth 应当做（某事）或是（某物） 句型 1. A mini-camera is connected to the front of the glasses. 微型摄像头被连接在眼镜的前部。 2. The oil and salt are added by the machine itself. 油和盐由机器自动添加。 2. A radio message was sent across the Atlantic Ocean for the first time in 1901. 1901年，第一条无线电信息首次被发送到大西洋彼岸。 3. Toys, chairs, tables, and even houses can all be made by the 3D printer. 玩具、椅子、桌子，甚至房屋，都可以由3D打印机制造出来。 4. It is believed that the world’s oldest wheel was found in Eastern Europe. 人们认为，世界上最古老的轮子是在东欧被发现的。 6. It wasn’t supposed to make such a loud noise when the button was pressed to start the machine. 按下按钮启动机器时，它本不该发出这么大的噪音。 ) 一、单词默写。 1. _______ /səˈpəʊz/ v. 认为；推断 2. ________ /wiːl/ n. 车轮；轮子 3. __________ /ˈfrəʊzn/ adj. 冻硬的；冰封的 4. ________ /kəmˈpliːt/ v. 完成；结束adj. 完全的 5. _______ /ˈleɪə(r)/ n. 层；表层 6. ________ /melt/ v.（使）融化；逐渐消失 7. __________ /paɪp/ n. 管道；管子；烟斗 8. ________ /ˈtʌnl/ n. 隧道；地下通道 9. __________ /ˈtʊərɪzəm/ n. 旅游业 10. ________ /ɡeɪn/ v. 获得；取得 【答案】 1.suppose 2.wheel 3.frozen 4.complete 5.layer 6.melt 7.pipe 8.tunnel 9.tourism 10.gain 二、词组默写。 1. ……的长距离 ______________________ 2. 海拔 _______________________ 3. 做某事是不可能的__________ 4. 对动物友好的 ________ 5. 旅游和经济发展 ________ 6. 学到的教训和获得的经验_____ 7. 帮助改善交通 __________ 8. 使铁路保持在地面之上 ________ 9. 启动机器 ________ 10. 应当做（某事）或是（某物）_____ 【答案】 1.a huge distance of 2.above sea level 3.be impossible to do sth. 4.animal-friendly 5.tourism and economic development 6.lessons learnt and experience gained 7.help improve transport 8.keep the railway up above the ground 9.start the machine 10.be supposed to do / be sth 三、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 1. Many useful inventions ________ (create) by young people around the world every year. 2. The ancient vase __________ (discover) by a farmer in 1970. 3. Usually, the homework __________ (check) by the teacher before the class starts. 4. These dangerous chemicals must __________ (keep) away from children. 5. It is said that this ancient bridge ________ (build) over 1,000 years ago. 【答案】 1. are created 2. was discovered 3. is checked 4. be kept 5. was built 四、单项选择。 1. — Who is the little girl in the picture? — Oh, it's me! This photo ______ when I was five years old. A. is taken B. was taken C. took D. has taken 2. Nowadays, computers ______ widely in schools to help students learn better. A. are used B. were used C. use D. used 3. The 3D printer is amazing. Many different things ______ by it in the future. A. can make B. can be made C. could make D. could be made 4. — Look at the sign! It says "No Parking". — Sorry, I didn't see it. But I don't think cars should ______ here. A. park B. parking C. be parked D. parked 5. Tea ______ by accident in ancient China, and now it is popular all over the world. A. invented B. was invented C. is invented D. has invented 6. The classroom is very clean. It ______ just now. A. cleans B. cleaned C. is cleaned D. was cleaned 7. — Do you know when the telephone ______? — Yes, I think it was invented in 1876. A. invented B. is invented C. was invented D. has invented 8. It is said that the first paper money ______ in China during the Song Dynasty. A. used B. uses C. is used D. was used 9. These old stories ______ to children in many countries every year. A. are told B. told C. tell D. were told 10. The old bridge ______ last year because it was too dangerous. A. pulled down B. was pulled down C. pulls down D. is pulled down 【答案】1.B 2.A 3.B 4.C 5.B 6.D 7.C 8.D 9.A 10.B 五、句型转换。(改为被动语态) 1. People invent many new things every year. _______________________________________________________ 2. Ancient Chinese people created paper thousands of years ago. _______________________________________________________ 3. Farmers grow rice in many parts of China. _______________________________________________________ 4. We can use this kind of machine in many ways. _______________________________________________________ 5. They planted many trees along the river last spring. _______________________________________________________ 【答案】 1. Many new things are invented by people every year. 2. Paper was created by ancient Chinese people thousands of years ago. 3. Rice is grown by farmers in many parts of China. 4. This kind of machine can be used by us in many ways. 5. Many trees were planted by them along the river last spring. 六、短文填空。 阅读下面短文，用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。 The 1920s was an exciting time for inventions. Some of the things invented around that time changed the lives of millions of people, and some are still 1 (wide) used today. The invention with the biggest impact was probably the television. It 2 (invent) by John Logie Baird. The first televised pictures were sent over a short distance in 1924. His invention was shown at the Royal Institute two years later. The pictures on the screen were 3 (clear). And viewers could only see that they were human faces, and they could see their eyes 4 (open) and closing. In 1928, images were sent from Britain to America, and the first “seeing-in sets” were sold. For £25 (£1000 in today’s money), people in 5 (they) homes could watch moving images that were sent from a broadcasting station. Another popular invention was the home refrigerator. People used different ways 6 (keep) food cool and fresh long before the 1900s, but home fridges weren’t invented until 1913 and became very popular in the US in the 1920s. British people were 7 (little) interested in fridges than Americans because the weather in Britain was cooler. The 8 (three) invention was the polygraph. In 1921, a California policeman invented it. He made a machine that measured (测量) 9 (people) heart rate and breathing while they were asked questions. The experts believed that sudden changes in these measurements 10 (show) that someone was lying. Although this invention is well-known, it can’t really detect lies. However, police still use them because many people believe they work. 【答案】 1．widely 2．was invented 3．unclear 4．opening 5．their 6．to keep 7．less 8．third 9．people’s 10．showed 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了20世纪20年代的三项重要发明：电视（约翰·洛奇·贝尔德发明，早期图像模糊，但实现了短距离传输）、家用冰箱（在美国流行，但在英国因气候较冷而不那么受欢迎）以及测谎仪（测量心率和呼吸，被认为能揭示谎言但实际效果有限），并阐述了它们对当时和后世的影响。 1．句意：一些在那个时候发明的东西改变了数百万人的生活，其中一些至今仍被广泛使用。此处修饰动词used，需用副词形式，wide的副词是widely。故填widely。 2．句意：它由约翰·洛奇·贝尔德发明。根据“It…(invent) by John Logie Baird.”可知，主语It与invent构成被动关系，且为过去事实，应用一般过去时的被动语态was invented。故填was invented。 3．句意：屏幕上的画面不清晰。根据后文“viewers could only see that they were human faces”可知，画面质量不佳，unclear“不清晰的”符合语境，形容词作表语。故填unclear。 4．句意：观众只能看到它们是人脸，并且他们能看到他们的眼睛睁开和闭合。see sth. doing sth.“看见某物正在做某事”，是动词短语，描述当时看到眼睛的动作状态。故填opening。 5．句意：只需花费25英镑（相当于现今的1000英镑），人们在家中就能观看从广播站传送的活动影像。根据“in…(they) homes”可知，此处需用形容词性物主代词修饰homes，they的形容词性物主代词是their。故填their。 6．句意：在20世纪之前很久，人们使用不同的方法来保持食物凉爽和新鲜，然而，家用冰箱直到1913年才被发明，并于20世纪20年代在美国普及开来。use ways to do sth.“用方法做某事”，是动词短语。故填to keep。 7．句意：英国人比美国人对冰箱的兴趣更小，因为英国的天气更为凉爽。根据“British people were…interested in fridges than Americans”可知，此处是比较级，且后文提到英国天气更凉爽，所以兴趣“更少”，little的比较级是less。故填less。 8．句意：第三项发明是测谎仪。根据“The…(three) invention”可知，此处表示顺序，应用序数词，three的序数词是third。故填third。 9．句意：他制造了一台机器，用来测量人们在被提问时的心率和呼吸。根据“…(people) heart rate and breathing”可知，此处表示所属关系，应用名词所有格，people’s“人们的”。故填people’s。 10．句意：专家们相信这些测量数据的突然变化表明有人在说谎。根据“The experts believed that sudden changes…(show) that someone was lying”可知，believed后接宾语从句，描述过去专家们的看法，动词show用过去式showed。故填showed。 七、阅读还原。 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Chopsticks are a pair of sticks to be used when eating. 1 Chopsticks are considered one of the symbols of Chinese food culture. Here are three things you should know about them. 2 Chinese people started to use chopsticks about 3,000 years ago during the Shang Dynasty. During the pre-Qin period, chopsticks were called “Jia”, and in the Qin and Han dynasties, they were called “Zhu”. Because “Zhu” shares the same pronunciation with “stop” in Chinese, which is an unlucky word, by the Ming Dynasty, people began to call them “Kuai”, meaning “fast” in Chinese. 3 Who invented chopsticks? 4 One is that Jiang Ziya created chopsticks after getting an idea from a mythical (神秘的) bird. It is also said that Yu the Great, who founded the Xia Dynasty, used sticks to pick hot food in order to save time to control floods, so chopsticks came into being. How should we behave when using chopsticks? When eating with the elders, Chinese people usually let the elders take up chopsticks before anyone else. 5 It’s also bad to tap (敲) chopsticks on the edge of your bowl, because in ancient China, beggars (乞丐) often did it to attract attention. A．How were chopsticks invented? B．When were chopsticks invented? C．It’s polite to use chopsticks to eat noodles. D．Besides, playing with chopsticks is thought to be impolite. E．This is the origin (起源) of today’s name of Chinese chopsticks. F．They were first used in China and then introduced to other countries. G．There is no exact historical record, but there are many folk stories about it. 【答案】1．F 2．B 3．E 4．G 5．D 【导语】本文介绍了筷子的历史、发明故事和使用礼仪等文化知识。 1．根据“Chopsticks are a pair of sticks to be used when eating.”可知，本句介绍筷子的基本用途，F选项“它们首先在中国使用，然后被引入其他国家。”补充说明筷子的传播，符合语境。故选F。 2．根据“Chinese people started to use chopsticks about 3,000 years ago during the Shang Dynasty. During the pre-Qin period, chopsticks were called ‘Jia’...”可知，本段讲述筷子的历史名称演变，B选项“筷子是什么时候发明的？”作为段落标题，概括本段内容。故选B。 3．根据“Because ‘Zhu’ shares the same pronunciation with ‘stop’ in Chinese, which is an unlucky word, by the Ming Dynasty, people began to call them ‘Kuai’, meaning ‘fast’ in Chinese.”可知，此处解释筷子名称的演变，E选项“这是中国筷子如今名称的由来。”总结本段内容，符合段落结构。故选E。 4．根据“Who invented chopsticks?”可知，本段讨论筷子的发明者，G选项“没有确切的历史记载，但有很多关于它的民间故事。”引出下文的传说，符合逻辑。故选G。 5．根据“When eating with the elders, Chinese people usually let the elders take up chopsticks before anyone else.”可知，本段讲述使用筷子的礼仪，D选项“此外，玩弄筷子被认为是不礼貌的。”是本段礼仪建议之一，与后文敲筷子不礼貌相呼应。故选D。 八、语法选择。 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。 Li Liang has always been interested in science since childhood. He’s good 1 solving problems in daily life. It is his dream 2 people live better. One night, when he was 11, he watched 3 news on TV with his parents. He 4 that the vegetables people ate in a nearby village had harmful chemicals (化学物质) left in them. Parents and 5 were worried about their food safety. He couldn’t sleep that night 6 he kept thinking about the kids of his age who didn’t have safe vegetables. He decided to do something to help. He spent over a year in researching and testing. Finally, a tool 7 by him. It could show results quickly, so people would know 8 safe. Now, as a college student, he gives public talks and holds science workshops (工作坊) to share 9 research methods. Through his 10 work, more and more students are following in his footsteps. 1．A．at B．with C．for D．to 2．A．make B．to make C．admire D．to admire 3．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 4．A．hear B．heard C．is hearing D．has heard 5．A．kid B．kids C．kid’s D．kids’ 6．A．though B．since C．unless D．because 7．A．invented B．is invented C．was invented D．invents 8．A．why was the food B．why the food was C．whether was the food D．whether the food was 9．A．he B．his C．him D．himself 10．A．hard B．hardly C．harder D．hardest 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．B 6．D 7．C 8．D 9．B 10．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了李亮从小对科学感兴趣，因看到附近村庄蔬菜有有害化学物质的问题，决心做些事帮助解决，最终发明工具，现在作为大学生分享研究方法，其努力工作让更多学生追随他的脚步。 1．句意：他擅长解决日常生活中的问题。 at在；with和；for为了；to到。be good at doing sth表示“擅长做某事”，是固定搭配，故选A。 2．句意：让人们生活得更好是他的梦想。 make让；to make让，动词不定式；admire钦佩；to admire钦佩，动词不定式。根据“people live better”可知，此处表达让人生活更好，it is one’s dream to do sth表示“做某事是某人的梦想”，所以用不定式形式，故选B。 3．句意：一天晚上，当他11岁的时候，他和父母一起在电视上看新闻。 a一个；an一个；the这个；/零冠词。根据“news on TV”可知，此处特指电视上的新闻，用定冠词the，故选C。 4．句意：他听说附近村庄人们吃的蔬菜中残留有有害化学物质。 hear听到，动词原形；heard听到，动词过去式；is hearing正在听到，现在进行时；has heard已经听到，现在完成时。根据“One night, when he was 11”可知，事情发生在过去，用一般过去时，故选B。 5．句意：父母和孩子们都担心他们的食品安全。 kid孩子；kids孩子们；kid’s孩子的；kids’孩子们的。根据“Parents and…”可知，此处和parents并列，用复数形式kids，故选B。 6．句意：那天晚上他睡不着，因为他一直在想着那些和他同龄却没有安全蔬菜吃的孩子。 though虽然；since自从；unless除非；because因为。根据“He couldn’t sleep that night...he kept thinking about the kids of his age who didn’t have safe vegetables.”可知，前后是因果关系，用because引导原因状语从句，故选D。 7．句意：最后，一个工具被他发明出来了。 invented发明，一般过去式时；is invented被发明，一般现在时被动语态；was invented被发明，一般过去时被动语态；invents发明，一般现在时第三人称单数形式。根据“Finally, a tool…by him.”可知，工具是被发明，且事情发生在过去，用一般过去时的被动语态，故选C。 8．句意：它可以快速显示结果，所以人们会知道食物是否安全。 why was the food食物为什么是，疑问语序；why the food was食物为什么是，陈述语序；whether was the food食物是否是，疑问语序；whether the food was食物是否是，陈述语序。根据“It could show results quickly, so people would know…safe.”可知，此处表达知道食物是否安全，用whether引导宾语从句，且语序为陈述语序，故选D。 9．句意：现在，作为一名大学生，他进行公开演讲并举办科学工作坊来分享他的研究方法。 he他，主格；his他的，形容词性物主代词/名词性物主代词；him他，宾格；himself他自己，反身代词。根据“share…research methods”可知，此处表达分享他的研究方法，用形容词性物主代词his修饰名词短语research methods，故选B。 10．句意：通过他的努力工作，越来越多的学生正追随他的脚步。 hard努力的；hardly几乎不；harder更努力的；hardest最努力的。根据“Through his…work”可知，此处表达通过他的努力工作，用形容词hard修饰名词work，故选A。 Part 1: Read and Explore Ding Chen is 13 years old and he is from Anhui Province. He is only a middle school student, but he is famous in his hometown. Lots of people know him because of his great invention. Three years ago, Ding Chen wanted to invent something for his grandparents. His grandparents lived in an old building without elevators (电梯). They had to climb stairs every day. After his grandfather fell ill, climbing stairs became even harder for him than before. That’s when Ding Chen had an idea. He dreamed of inventing something that could help his grandparents climb stairs more easily. Three years later, Ding Chen’s dream came true. He solved all problems and invented a machine. The machine was very useful and it could help his grandparents climb stairs. To his surprise, the machine helped him win an international invention award. He felt very excited when he won the award. His parents and teachers were proud of him. All his classmates said that he was their pride. In the future, Ding Chen wants to make some improvements on his invention. He also plans to apply for a patent (专利证书) for his invention. If possible, he wants to find some companies to produce this kind of machine. “I hope all the people in need can benefit from it.” he said. Part 2: Skills Challenge Task 1: Critical Thinking（根据文章内容回答问题） 1. Why did Ding Chen decide to invent a machine three years ago? ___________________________________________________________________________________ 2. What unexpected good thing did Ding Chen get from his invention? ___________________________________________________________________________________ 3. Ding Chen solved all problems and invented a machine. (改为被动语态) ___________________________________________________________________________________ Task 2: Complete the chart below（梳理文章信息，完成表格） Time Ding Chen’s experience Three years ago He planned to invent something to help his 1.________ climb stairs easily. Three years later A useful machine was invented and an international 2.________ was won by him. In the future He will improve his invention and get a 3.________ for it. Task 3: Creative Project Suppose you are a reporter. Write a short introduction about Ding Chen. Requirements: Write two facts about him; Use at least one passive voice sentence. We all admire Ding Chen very much. He is 1._______________. His great invention 2._____________. He sets a good example for all middle school students. 【答案】 Task 1 1. Because he wanted to help his grandparents climb stairs more easily. 2. He won an international invention award. 3. All problems were solved and a machine was invented by Ding Chen. Task 2 1. grandparents 2. invention award 3. patent Task 3 参考范文 1. a 13-year-old middle school student from Anhui. 2. was created to help old people climb stairs easily. ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $