Unit 4 Folk customs 一般现在时被动语态（核心语法精练）-【简语法-单元核心语法精练】英语九年级上册（沪教版五四学制）

该初中英语单元学案以“Unit 4 Folk customs”为主题，聚焦一般现在时被动语态，通过思维导图梳理概念结构与考点步骤，结合语法模块表格分点解析规则及例句，设计单选、填空、句子转换到完形填空的递进式任务链，构建“语法回顾-能力突破-综合提升”的完整学习路径。 亮点在于融合主题语境设计语用任务，如完形填空涉及英国园艺文化、短文填空探讨文物回归，培养文化意识；思维导图与易错点提示帮助学生自主归纳，提升学习能力。具体如“用所给词的适当形式填空”中水稻种植、书籍阅读等被动句练习，结合生活与文化情境，促进语言能力发展，为教师提供从语法梳理到综合应用的系统教学支撑。

单元核心语法精练 Unit 4 Folk customs （新教材沪教版五四学制） （一般现在时被动语态） 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 解题综合提升 思维导图梳理了一般现在时被动语态的两大板块：一是概念与结构（被动语态表示主语是动作承受者，谓语由 am/is/are + 过去分词构成，is 用于单数、are 用于复数；否定与疑问的变化规则）；二是考点与步骤（主动变被动的四个步骤、不及物动词无被动、使役/感官动词后的 to 还原、短语动词整体不拆分）。帮助掌握“主语 + am/is/are + done”的结构，并避免在被动转换中遗漏 to 或拆散短语动词。 语法模块 具体内容 结构 / 规则 典型例句及翻译 一、概念与结构 概念 主语是动作承受者时用被动语态 主动：We clean the room. → 被动：The room is cleaned. 肯定句 am/is/are + 过去分词 (done) The book is read by many students. 否定句 am/is/are + not + done The room is not cleaned every day. 疑问句 Am/Is/Are + 主语 + done …? Are these books read every day? 二、主动变被动步骤 步骤 ①主动宾语→被动主语 ②谓语→am/is/are+done ③主动主语放 by 后(可省) ④时态保持一般现在时 例句 People grow rice.（主动） → Rice is grown (by people).（被动） 三、易错考点 不及物无被动 happen/appear/take place/rise 等不能用于被动 ❌ An accident was happened. ✅ An accident happened. to 还原 make/let/see/hear/watch 后省 to，被动须补 to They make me work. → I am made to work. 短语动词不拆分 介词/副词不能丢 We take care of the trees. → The trees are taken care of. 使用注意事项 1. 一般现在时被动语态表示现阶段经常性、习惯性的被动动作或客观事实，谓语由“am/is/are + 及物动词的过去分词”构成。 2. be 动词随主语变化：主语为单数名词、不可数名词或 he/she/it 用 is；主语为复数或 you 用 are。 3. 常用标志词：every day/week, usually, often, sometimes, always 等；表示客观事实（如 The earth is round.）也常用被动。 4. 不及物动词（happen, take place, appear, rise, break out 等）不能用于被动语态，本身含有被动意义。 5. 主动语态中 make/let/have/see/hear/watch 等后接宾语补足语时省略 to，变为被动后必须补回 to：be + 过去分词 + to do。 6. 短语动词（如 take care of, listen to, look after）是一个整体，变为被动时介词或副词不能丢掉。 一、单项选择 1．English ________ as a second language in many countries. A．is spoken B．speaks C．spoke D．was spoken 【答案】A 【详解】句意：英语在许多国家作为第二语言被使用。主语 English 是 speak 的承受者，用被动语态；陈述一般事实用一般现在时，English 单数用 is spoken。故选 A。 2．The windows of the classroom ________ every day. A．clean B．are cleaned C．cleaned D．were cleaned 【答案】B 【详解】句意：教室的窗户每天被擦干净。every day 表示经常性动作，主语 windows 复数，用一般现在时被动 are cleaned。故选 B。 3．— How often ________ the sports meeting ________ in your school? — Twice a year. A．does; hold B．was; held C．is; held D．is; hold 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你们学校运动会多久举办一次？——一年两次。运动会“被举办”用被动；how often 表频率用一般现在时；主语单数用 is held。故选 C。 4．The cake ________ by my mother every weekend. It tastes delicious. A．makes B．made C．was made D．is made 【答案】D 【详解】句意：蛋糕每个周末都由妈妈制作，很好吃。every weekend 一般现在时；cake 被制作，单数用 is made。故选 D。 5．The classroom ________ by the students after school every day. A．is cleaned B．cleans C．cleaned D．was cleaned 【答案】A 【详解】句意：教室每天放学后由学生们打扫。every day 一般现在时；classroom 单数被打扫，用 is cleaned。故选 A。 6．A lot of new buildings ________ in our city these years. A．build B．are built C．built D．were built 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这些年我们城市建了许多新楼房。these years 指现阶段，主语 buildings 复数，用一般现在时被动 are built。故选 B。 7．The flowers ________ because they need water. A．water B．watered C．are watered D．were watered 【答案】C 【详解】句意：花被浇水，因为它们需要水。flowers 复数被浇水，一般现在时 are watered。故选 C。 8．According to the school rules, mobile phones ________ in the exam. A．don't allow B．won't allow C．weren't allowed D．aren't allowed 【答案】D 【详解】句意：根据校规，考试期间手机不被允许使用。规章用一般现在时；phones 是 allow 的承受者，用被动 aren't allowed。故选 D。 9．The little boy ________ to clean the blackboard by the teacher. A．is made B．makes C．made D．was made 【答案】A 【详解】句意：那个小男孩被老师要求擦黑板。make sb. do 变为被动须补 to：is made to do；一般现在时。故选 A。 10．The novel ________ into many languages. A．translates B．is translated C．translated D．was translated 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这部小说被翻译成许多种语言。小说长期被翻译，用一般现在时被动 is translated。故选 B。 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1．Rice ________ (grow) in the south of China. 【答案】is grown 【详解】句意：水稻在中国南方种植。rice 是 grow 的承受者，一般现在时被动，rice 不可数单数用 is grown。 2．The book ________ (read) by many students in our class. 【答案】is read 【详解】句意：这本书被我们班许多学生读。book 单数被读，一般现在时被动 is read。 3．These songs ________ (sing) by the children every morning. 【答案】are sung 【详解】句意：这些歌每天早晨被孩子们唱。songs 复数被唱，一般现在时被动 are sung。 4．The window ________ (clean) once a week. 【答案】is cleaned 【详解】句意：窗户每周被擦一次。window 单数被擦，一般现在时被动 is cleaned。 5．English ________ (speak) by people in many countries. 【答案】is spoken 【详解】句意：英语被许多国家的人说。English 单数，一般现在时被动 is spoken。 6．The homework ________ (check) by the teacher every day. 【答案】is checked 【详解】句意：作业每天被老师批改。homework 不可数单数被批改，一般现在时被动 is checked。 7．New cars ________ (make) in this factory. 【答案】are made 【详解】句意：新汽车在这家工厂被制造。cars 复数被制造，一般现在时被动 are made。 8．The letter ________ (write) by my father. 【答案】is written 【详解】句意：这封信由我父亲写。letter 单数被写，一般现在时被动 is written。 9．The trees ________ (water) by the gardener every evening. 【答案】are watered 【详解】句意：树每天傍晚由园丁浇水。trees 复数被浇水，一般现在时被动 are watered。 10．The classroom ________ (keep) clean by the students. 【答案】is kept 【详解】句意：教室被学生们保持干净。classroom 单数被保持，一般现在时被动 is kept。 三、按要求完成句子 1．这封信每天被我父亲写。 The letter ________ ________ by my father every day. 【答案】 is written 【详解】句意：这封信每天被我父亲写。“被写”用一般现在时被动 is written，letter 单数用 is。 2．英语被世界上许多人说。 English ________ ________ by many people in the world. 【答案】 is spoken 【详解】句意：英语被世界上许多人说。“被说”用一般现在时被动 is spoken。 3．这些花每天被浇水。 These flowers ________ ________ every day. 【答案】 are watered 【详解】句意：这些花每天被浇水。flowers 复数，一般现在时被动 are watered。 4．学校图书馆每周被打扫一次。 The school library ________ ________ once a week. 【答案】 is cleaned 【详解】句意：学校图书馆每周被打扫一次。“被打扫”用一般现在时被动 is cleaned。 5．许多新书在我们城市被出版。 Many new books ________ ________ in our city. 【答案】 are published 【详解】句意：许多新书在我们城市被出版。books 复数，一般现在时被动 are published。 6．学生们每天被要求按时完成作业。 The students ________ ________ to finish homework on time every day. 【答案】 are asked 【详解】句意：学生们每天被要求按时完成作业。“被要求”用一般现在时被动 are asked（ask sb. to do 的被动）。 7．这台机器被工人们使用。 The machine ________ ________ by the workers. 【答案】 is used 【详解】句意：这台机器被工人们使用。“被使用”用一般现在时被动 is used。 8．（对划线部分提问）The library is opened at 8:00 a.m. ________ ________ the library ________? 【答案】 When is opened 【详解】句意：图书馆上午八点开门。对时间 at 8:00 a.m. 提问用 When；原句一般现在时被动，is opened 提前，故填 When is opened。 9．（对划线部分提问）The books are kept on the shelf. ________ ________ the books ________? 【答案】 Where are kept 【详解】句意：这些书被保存在书架上。对地点 on the shelf 提问用 Where；原句一般现在时被动 are kept 提前，故填 Where are kept。 10．（对划线部分提问）The letter is written by my mother. ________ ________ the letter ________ ________? 【答案】 Who is written by 【详解】句意：这封信由我母亲写。对执行者 my mother 提问用 Who；原句一般现在时被动 is written by 保留 by，故填 Who is written by。 四、完形填空 Passage 1 Are your table manners much better when you are eating at a friend’s home or in a restaurant than they are at your own home? Probably so,because you are aware that people judge you by your table manners.You take special pains when you are eating 1 .Have you ever stopped to realize how much less self-conscious you would be on such occasions if 2 table manners had become a habit for you? You can make them a habit by 3 good table manners at home． Good manners at mealtimes help you and those around you to feel comfortable.This is true at home as much as it is true in someone else’s home or in a restaurant.Good manners make meals more enjoyable for everyone at the table.By this time you probably know quite well what good table manners are.You 4 that keeping your arms on the table,talking with your 5 full,and wolfing down your food are not considered good manners.You know also that if you are mannerly,you say “Please” and “Thank you” and ask for things to be passed to you. Have you ever thought of a pleasant attitude as being essential to good table manners?Not only are pleasant mealtimes enjoyable,but they aid digestion.The dinner table is a 6 　for enjoyable conversation.It should never become a battleground.You are definitely growing in social maturity（成熟）when you try to be an agreeable table companion. 1. A．in public B．at home C．at ease D．in a hurry 2. A．such B．no C．some D．good 3. A．acting B．enjoying C．practicing D．watching 4. A．mention B．prefer C．doubt D．realize 5. A．stomach B．hands C．mouth D．bowl 6. A．time B．place C．chance D．way 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C 4. D 5. C 6. B 【分析】本文主要介绍了一些餐桌礼仪。 【详解】1. 句意：当你在公众场合吃饭时，你会感到不自在。 in public在公众场合；at home在家；at ease自由自在；in a hurry匆忙的。根据“You take special pains when you are eating”可知，在大庭广众下吃饭的时候会感到不自在，故选A。 2. 句意：你是否曾经停下来意识到，如果良好的餐桌礼仪成为你的一种习惯，那么在这种场合你就不会那么难为情了？ such如此；no不；some一些；good好的。根据“how much less self-conscious you would be on such occasions”可知，如果你有一些好的餐桌礼仪，那么你在大庭广众之下吃饭就不会感到不自在了，故选D。 3. 句意：你可以在家里养成良好的餐桌礼仪。 acting表演；enjoying喜欢；practicing练习；watching观看。根据“by…good table manners at home”可知，通过在家反复练习来养成一个好习惯，故选C。 4. 句意：你意识到把胳膊放在桌子上，嘴里塞满东西说话，狼吞虎咽地吃东西是不礼貌的。 mention提到；perfer更喜欢；doubt怀疑；realize意识到。这个时候你就会意识到什么是不好的餐桌礼仪，故选D。 5. 句意：你意识到把胳膊放在桌子上，嘴里塞满东西说话，狼吞虎咽地吃东西是不礼貌的。 stomach胃；hands手；mouth嘴巴；bowl碗。根据“talking with your …full”可知，嘴里塞满了东西说话不是一种好的餐桌礼仪，故选C。 6. 句意：餐桌是愉快交谈的地方。 time时间；place地方；chance机会；way方法。根据“The dinner table”可知，此处指餐桌这个地方，故选B。 Passage 2 Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage. (选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文) Before the pandemic, it was common to greet others with a hug or a shake of the hand. That’s now being   1 by some people with an elbow or fist bump (碰手肘或者拳头). In the past, men bowed-bending forward at the body and lowering the head as if to say, “I’m not all that important”. Bowing is elegant (优雅的) and unlike elbow bumps, can totally avoid 2 . So, what do you think? Should bowing make a comeback? Yes, it’s a humble, graceful greeting. Bowing provides a practical and graceful solution to the problem of how to greet one another in the midst of a pandemic. Bumping elbows might not spread coronavirus but it doesn’t have the elegance of a bow. It can be awkward not knowing how to greet someone, so a bow can sort this out. It means that people know 3 what to do without colliding(碰撞) somewhere between a hug and a handshake. A bow is a gesture of humility(谦逊), which is a sign of strength. The Victorian writer, Charles Spurgeon, wrote that the humility of a bow leads to feeling invincible(无敌的). 4 , in these serious times, it could be fun pretending to be in a novel by a Victorian writer. No, it’s 5 to greet people in this way. Physical touch reduces anxiety, stress and even pain. The pandemic has highlighted(突出) how much people want to hug their friends and family. Can you imagine bowing to a grandmother? In the past, bowing was common in the UK when people at the 6 —such as royalty(皇室) and the rich—were considered more important than those lower down—such as children and the working classes. Society should not go back to a way of doing things that highlights inequality between groups. There are better ways to greet, such as the Southeast Asian way of saying “Namaste(合十礼)”, with palms together, pointing upwards in gratitude. 1. A．changed B．replaced C．exchanged D．turned 2. A．contact B．connection C．relation D．link 3. A．even B．early C．exactly D．especially 4. A．Besides B．But C．Instead D．Still 5. A．out of hand B．in use C．out of date D．in business 6. A．center B．bottom C．palace D．top 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 4. A 5. C 6. D 【导语】本文介绍了流行病前后问候打招呼方式是否需要改变，对于以前的“鞠躬”这种方式进行了讨论，“鞠躬”是谦逊的表现，但又是一种过时且体现阶级分化的表现。 【详解】1. 句意：现在正在被一些人替换成了碰手肘或者拳头。 changed改变；replaced替代；exchanged交换；turned转变。根据前文以及本句“Before the pandemic, it was common to greet others with a hug or a shake of the hand. That’s now being...by some people with an elbow or fist bump...”可知，以前打招呼是拥抱等，现在被“替换成了”碰手肘或者拳头，故选B。 2. 句意：不像碰手肘或者拳头，鞠躬是优雅的，能够完全避免接触。 contact接触；connection连接；relation关系；link联结。根据“Before the pandemic, it was common to greet others with a hug or a shake of the hand.”可知，在以前问候方式可以是拥抱等，现在有了流行病，拥抱等打招呼方式正在被其他打招呼方式替代，回到以前的鞠躬方式，就能完全避免“接触”了，故选A。 3. 句意：它意味着人们非常明确地知道做什么能不发生拥抱和握手之间发出现的碰撞现象。 even甚至；early早地；exactly确切地；especially尤其。根据“It can be awkward not knowing how to greet someone, so a bow can sort this out. It means that people know...what to do without colliding(碰撞) somewhere between a hug and a handshake.”可知，鞠躬能避免不知道如何问候别人的尴尬，能够让人们“确切地”知道不碰撞该怎么做，故选C。 4. 句意：除此之外，在这些严肃的时期，鞠躬在维多利亚小说家的小说里能够假装很有趣。 Besides除此之外还；But但是；Instead相反；Still仍然。根据“The Victorian writer, Charles Spurgeon, wrote that the humility of a bow leads to feeling invincible(无敌的)...in these serious times, it could be fun pretending to be in a novel by a Victorian writer.”可知，在维多利亚时期，鞠躬带来的谦逊让人感到无敌，“除此之外”还能假装很有乐趣，故选A。 5. 句意：不，用这种方式问候别人过时了。 out of hand失去控制；in use在使用；out of date过时了；in business在经营中。根据前文以及本句“Yes, it’s a humble, graceful greeting. No, it’s...to greet people in this way.”可知，前文说鞠躬这种方式的好处，后面表示否定，谈论不好的地方，故选C。 6. 句意：在过去的英国，当人们处在高位，比如皇室或者富有的人，鞠躬，是很普遍的，比那些处在低级的小孩或者工人阶级更重要。 center中心；bottom底部；palace宫殿；top顶端。根据语境“ In the past, bowing was common in the UK when people at the...such as royalty(皇室) and the rich...”可知，皇室和富有的人应该是“高级的”人，处在上层次的人物，故选D。 Passage 3 Watching football and working in the garden are the favourite hobbies in Britain. People, young or old, all love gardening very much. That’s why Britain is called “a country of flowers”. It is quite 1 to see a small garden in almost every family. If you praise the owners for their beautiful gardens, they will feel very delighted all day long. Gardening has become an important way of life in Britain. Newspapers, magazines and TV offer many special programmes. They often share useful 2 and nice designs with interested gardeners, or invite famous gardeners to answer their questions. Besides, there are competitions of different 3 across the country, from small community ones to big world events. They attract millions of gardeners. To help children develop interest in gardening, there are special competitions for kids, too. The British like to 4 gardening stories with their traditional culture. Gardening has long been a part of British traditional stories and books. A well-kept garden is a symbol of order, beauty and peace. Those are important ideas for British people. The stories often describe gardens as quiet and special places full of tradition. They also show a cultural belief — taking good care of the land is an important 5 for everyone. In 2000, the British government started the Eden (伊甸园) Project in Cornwall, England. Now it is a home of various kinds of plants and flowers around the world. In fact, it is famous as the world’s largest greenhouse. In 2002, a book called The Garden: An English Love Affair was published. It talked about Britain’s long gardening history and 6 much public attention. The author cleverly wrote about gardening in British historical stories, telling this old and interesting life style in a vivid way. Gardening is like love. If watered and cut with care, the flowers of love will grow well forever. 1. A．boring B．common C．impossible D．strange 2. A．skills B．texts C．tools D．pictures 3. A．subjects B．sizes C．numbers D．ages 4. A．exchange B．replace C．connect D．provide 5. A．plan B．responsibility C．hope D．suggestion 6. A．lost B．paid C．reduced D．caught 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. B 6. D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了园艺是英国人最喜爱的爱好之一，园艺不仅成为了英国人重要的生活方式，还与英国的传统文化深度联结，相关赛事、项目和书籍也进一步体现了英国人对园艺的热爱与传承。 【详解】1. 句意：在几乎每个家庭里看到一个小花园是很寻常的。 boring无聊的；common寻常的；impossible不可能的；strange奇怪的。根据“People, young or old, all love gardening very much.”可知，在英国的每个家庭看到一个小花园是很寻常的，故选B。 2. 句意：他们经常和对园艺感兴趣的人分享实用的技巧和精美的设计，或者邀请知名园艺师解答疑问。 skills技巧；texts文本；tools工具；pictures图片。根据“share useful”和“and nice designs”并结合备选项可知，应是分享技巧，故选A。 3. 句意：此外，全国还有不同规模的比赛，从小型社区赛事到大型世界赛事。 subjects主题；sizes规模；numbers数量；ages年龄。根据“from small community ones to big world events”可知，比赛是不同规模的，故选B。 4. 句意：英国人喜欢把园艺故事和他们的传统文化联系在一起。 exchange交换；replace替换；connect联系；provide提供。根据“Gardening has long been a part of British traditional stories and books.”并结合备选项可知，connect...with...“把……和……联系起来”符合语境，故选C。 5. 句意：它们也体现了一种文化信念——好好照料土地是每个人的重要责任。 plan计划；responsibility责任；hope希望；suggestion建议。根据“They also show a cultural belief”并结合备选项可知，好好照料土地是每个人的责任，故选B。 6. 句意：这本书讲述了英国悠久的园艺历史，并引起了公众的广泛关注。 lost失去；paid支付；reduced减少；caught引起。根据“much public attention”并结合备选项和文章主题可知，catch attention“引起关注”符合语境，故选D。 五、短文填空 Passage 4 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个恰当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空。 It is important for teenagers to learn good manners. Above all, knowing social manners helps them behave politely. They can decide what to do in a certain situation by 1 (them). Also, they will become more confident than before. What’s more, people would like 2 (offer) good chances to teenagers with good manners, and these chances can possibly change their life. Without good manners, teenagers may face the 3 (bad) results in social communication. When teenagers start to learn manners, most of them are taught to say “please”, “excuse me” and so on. However, good manners are far more than these simple words. They need to continue learning more and avoid 4 (proper) behaviour in public. Here are some useful tips to get them started: 5 (First), express thanks. Say “thank you” as soon as someone offers help. And you have to write thank - you letters or send small presents after visiting someone’s home. These words, spoken or written, can make the 6 (own) of the house feel warm. Secondly, have good table manners. Don’t start to eat until the hosts pick up their 7 (knife) and forks at a dinner party. Eat as quietly as possible. And try not to make any noise. If a dish is far, ask another guest for help instead of reaching over others’ plates for it. Thirdly, show respect during a conversation. Don’t interrupt (打断) others while they 8 (talk). Last week, I saw a boy interrupt his mom when she was sharing her daily life. If you are on the phone in public, keep your voice down. Many people 9 (keep) this rule since they learned good manners. That’s very important for them. There is 10 old saying, “It is never too late to learn.” Start to learn good manners from now on. 【答案】 1. themselves 2. to offer 3. worst 4. improper 5. Firstly 6. owner 7. knives 8. are talking 9. have kept 10. an 【导语】本文主要讲述学习良好礼仪对青少年十分重要，介绍了礼貌待人带来的诸多好处，同时从表达感谢、餐桌礼仪、交谈礼仪三个方面给出学习礼仪的实用建议，并呼吁大家从现在开始学习礼仪。 【详解】1. 句意：他们可以独自判断在特定场合该做什么。分析句子结构，固定搭配by oneself表示“独自”，主语是they，对应的反身代词为themselves。应填themselves。 2. 句意：人们愿意给有礼貌的青少年提供好机会，这些机会有可能改变他们的人生。分析句子结构，固定短语would like to do sth.意为“想要做某事”，后面接动词不定式。应填to offer。 3. 句意：如果没有良好的礼仪，青少年在社交沟通中可能会面临最差的结果。分析句子结构，定冠词the后常搭配形容词最高级，结合语境此处表示“最差的”，bad的最高级形式是worst。应填worst。 4. 句意：他们需要不断学习更多礼仪，避免在公共场合做出不恰当的行为。分析句子结构，根据avoid“避免”可知要规避不合礼仪的行为，proper意为“合适的”，其反义词improper表示“不恰当的”，修饰名词behaviour。应填improper。 5. 句意：首先，学会表达感谢。一旦有人提供帮助，就要说“谢谢”。分析句子结构，后文出现Secondly、Thirdly表分点，此处对应“首先”，单词首字母需大写。应填Firstly。 6. 句意：这些口头或书面的话语，能让房屋的主人感到温暖。分析句子结构，定冠词the后接名词，own是动词，其名词形式owner意为“主人”。应填owner。 7. 句意：在晚宴上，主人拿起刀叉之前不要开始用餐。分析句子结构，and后forks为复数形式，并列的knife也要变为复数，knife的复数变化为knives。应填knives。 8. 句意：别人正在说话的时候，不要打断他们。分析句子结构，while引导时间状语从句，强调动作正在进行，使用现在进行时；主语为they，be动词用are。应填are talking。 9. 句意：很多人自从学习良好礼仪之后，就一直遵守这条准则。分析句子结构，since是现在完成时的标志性词，结构为have/has+动词过去分词；主语many people是复数，keep的过去分词为kept。应填have kept。 10. 句意：有一句老话：活到老，学到老。分析句子结构，saying是可数名词单数，old发音以元音音素开头，因此用不定冠词an。应填an。 Passage 5 根据语境或具体提示，完成短文，每空一词。 Before the invention of paper, what did the ancient Chinese mainly write on? The answer is bamboo slips. They hold great 1 (important) in ancient China. They were one of the 2 (early) forms of books in China. People usually wrote on them vertically. Restoring (修复) old bamboo slips is very important 3 they can help solve puzzles (谜题) in history. Fang Beisong is a researcher in the field of bamboo slip restoration. He has been restoring old books since 1988. Now, he 4 (work) at the Jingzhou Conservation Institute in Hubei Province. A few years ago, some bamboo slips from the Han dynasty were found in Hebei. The writing on 5 (they) was not clear. Even worse, grave robbers (盗墓者) had 6 (steal) some of them and burned others. With a slight touch, they would fall apart. Fang and his team 7 (wise) tested more than 70 ways of restoration. Finally, they found 8 special material to help them restore the slips’ flexibility (柔韧性). They carefully 9 (clean) the slips and restored them to the original shape. They then sealed (密封) them before 10 (take) some other steps. With the help of special modern technology, they got clear pictures of the writing on the bamboo slips. “We don’t want to lose the writing from ancient times,” said Fang. “Neither do we want to forget our history. That is why we love our work!” 【答案】 1. importance 2. earliest 3. because 4. works 5. them 6. stolen 7. wisely 8. a 9. cleaned 10. taking 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍竹简的历史意义以及方北松团队修复汉代竹简的相关工作。 【详解】1. 句意：它们在古代中国有着重大的意义。空前有形容词great，形容词修饰名词，括号内important是形容词，对应的名词形式为importance，great importance表示“重大意义”。 2. 句意：它们是中国最早的书籍形式之一。“one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”意为“最……的……之一”，括号内early的最高级形式是earliest。 3. 句意：修复古老的竹简十分重要，因为它们能够帮助解开历史谜题。前文说保存古老竹简这件事很重要，后文阐述竹简的价值，是在解释重要的原因，连词because意为“因为”，用来引导原因状语从句，贴合上下文逻辑。 4. 句意：现在，他在湖北省荆州文物保护中心工作。前文介绍方北松从1988年就开始修复古籍，本句介绍他当下的工作地点；时间标志词now表示现在，主语he是第三人称单数，一般现在时谓语动词用works。 5. 句意：竹简上面的文字并不清晰。介词on后面要用人称代词的宾格，括号内they的宾格形式是them，指代上文提到的bamboo slips。 6. 句意：更糟糕的是，盗墓贼偷走了一部分竹简并且烧毁了其余竹简。本句为过去完成时，结构为“had+动词过去分词”，括号内steal的过去分词是stolen。 7. 句意：方和他的团队明智地测试了七十多种修复方法。此处用来修饰后面的动词tested，修饰动词要用副词，括号内wise的副词形式是wisely。 8. 句意：最后，他们找到了一种特殊材料来帮助恢复竹简的柔韧性。material是可数名词单数，special是以辅音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词a表示“一种”。 9. 句意：他们仔细清理竹简并把它们修复到原本的形态。and连接并列动作，后面restored为动词过去式，体现整件事发生在过去；时态为一般过去时，clean的过去式为cleaned。 10. 句意：然后，在采取其他一些措施之前，他们将竹简密封起来。介词before后面接动名词形式作宾语，括号内take的动名词是taking。 Passage 6 A popular short video, three—part series (系列片) named “Escape From the British Museum” (逃出大英博物馆), has made millions 1 viewers (观众) pay attention to those relics (文物) from China in the British Museum. The series tells the story of a jade teapot (玉茶壶) that comes to life. It becomes a young woman and escapes from the museum 2 (successful). Then she meets a Chinese reporter named Zhang Yong’an in the UK. She wonders 3 he can take her back to China or not. To her excitement, the reporter helps her start a journey from the British Museum back to China. And she also has a very good partner to travel with. On 4 (she) way home, she not only travels across the country but also 5 (carry) “letters” written by other artifacts in the museum to their families in China. Every Chinese she meets treats her with 6 (warm) and kindness. It is 7 (say) that a citizen (网民) suggested making a video to record the returning of Chinese 8 (tradition) relics (遗迹) from the UK to celebrate the Chinese lunar New Year. So the two young Chinese vloggers went to the UK in June and spent three months shooting the video. They said the story was based (以……为基础) on historical facts in order 9 draw attention to the Chinese cultural relics abroad. What 10 interesting video it is! So far, it has spread across China and got over 340 million views and nearly 2 million comments (评论) on Douyin. 【答案】 1. of 2. successfully 3. whether 4. her 5. carries 6. warmth 7. said 8. traditional 9. to 10. an 【导语】本篇是一篇说明文，介绍热门短视频《逃出大英博物馆》，讲述玉茶壶化身少女，想要回到祖国的故事。视频由博主实地拍摄，旨在呼吁关注流落海外的中国文物，该视频收获极高播放量。 【详解】1. 句意：一部热门的三集短视频《逃出大英博物馆》，让数百万观众把目光投向大英博物馆里那些来自中国的文物。固定搭配millions of数百万的，后接可数名词复数。 2. 句意：它变成一名年轻女子，成功地逃出博物馆。escape是动词，需要副词修饰动词；successful的副词形式是successfully（成功地）。 3. 句意：她想知道他是否能把她带回中国。后面有or not，固定搭配whether…or not是否，引导宾语从句。 4. 句意：在她回家的路上，她不仅游历该国，还带着博物馆里其他文物写给中国家人的“信件”。固定搭配on one’s way home在某人回家的路上；she的形容词性物主代词是her。 5. 句意：在她回家的路上，她不仅游历该国，还带着博物馆里其他文物写给中国家人的“信件”。not only…but also…连接并列谓语，主语she，一般现在时，和travels并列，carry变为第三人称单数carries。 6. 句意：她遇到的每一个中国人都用温暖与善意对待她。介词with后面接名词；warm是形容词，warmth名词，意为“温暖”，和kindness并列。 7. 句意：据说一位网民提议制作视频，记录中国传统文物从英国回归，以此庆祝中国农历新年。固定句型It is said that…据说……，say用过去分词said。 8. 句意：据说一位网民提议制作视频，记录中国传统文物从英国回归，以此庆祝中国农历新年。修饰名词relics要用形容词；tradition的形容词traditional（传统的），填traditional。 9. 句意：他们说这个故事基于史实，目的是引起人们对海外中国文物的关注。固定搭配in order to do sth.为了做某事，表目的，填to。 10. 句意：多么有趣的一部视频啊！感叹句：What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数！video是可数名词单数，interesting元音音素开头，用冠词an。 六、选词填空 Passage 7 A．achievements    B．graduations    C． Probably    D．Similarly    E. spirits Most Americans take great pleasure in sending and receiving cards for every occasion. Cards are exchanged not only during holidays but also for significant events such as birthdays, holidays, and 1 . If someone is going on a journey, a “Bon Voyage” card is often sent to wish them a safe and pleasant trip. 2 , when a person moves into a new home, they might receive a “Moving” card immediately. Cards serve as a heartfelt means of expressing thankfulness, celebrating 3 , or even offering apologies. For instance, when someone falls ill, a “Get Well” card is sent to uplift their 4 . Additionally, a “Good Luck” card is a thoughtful way to celebrate a new job or career opportunity, strengthening the bond of friendship and support during important life transitions. A．cherished   B．expected    C． recorded    D．replaced    E. treasured The most popular and widely 5 cards are Holiday cards. When people receive them, they often display them on the fireplace in their homes. These cards are the most 6 , as they are typically sent just once a year by close friends and relatives, making them particularly special. Birthday cards, on the other hand, are often displayed on a shelf, where they are easily seen and read by everyone. Special cards, especially those received on important occasions, are kept for many years. They become 7 memories, much like old photographs. In many ways, cards have gradually 8 traditional letters. If there’s little time to write a letter, a simple card can express the same thoughtfulness, offering a quick and personal message. 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A 4. E 5. B 6. A 7. E 8. D 【导语】本文主要介绍了卡片在美国的使用情况。 【详解】1. 句意：卡片不仅在节日期间交换，还在生日、假期和毕业典礼等重要事件中也交换。根据“such as birthdays, holidays, and …”可知，此处需要填入与“birthdays, holidays”并列的庆祝类事件。graduations表示“毕业典礼”。故选B。 2. 句意：同样，当一个人搬入新家时，可能会立即收到一张“搬家”卡片。根据前文“If someone is going on a journey, a ‘Bon Voyage’ card is often sent to wish them a safe and pleasant trip.”提到旅行送卡片可知，此处是另一类似场景，需要表示“同样地”的衔接词。故选D。 3. 句意：卡片是表达感谢、庆祝成就或者甚至道歉的衷心的方式。根据“expressing thankfulness, celebrating …, or even offering apologies”可知，此处需填入与“thankfulness”“apologies”并列的积极名词。achievements表示“成就”。故选A。 4. 句意：例如，当有人生病时，会送一张“早日康复”的卡片来振奋他们的精神。“Get Well”卡片旨在鼓励病人，需填入与情绪相关的词。spirits表示“精神”。故选E。 5. 句意：最受欢迎和最受期待的卡片是节日卡片。根据“When people receive them, they often display them on the fireplace in their homes.”可知，人们收到卡片会将它们摆放在壁炉上。此处需填入与“popular”并列的词，表示“最受期待的”。故选B。 6. 句意：这些卡片最珍贵的，因为它们通常只由亲密的朋友和亲戚每年发送一次，所以显得特别特殊。根据“as they are typically sent just once a year by close friends and relatives, making them particularly special.”可知，因为是由亲密的亲友送的，因此非常珍贵。cherished表示“珍贵的”。故选A。 7. 句意：它们变成了珍贵的回忆，就像旧照片一样。根据“much like old photographs”可知，此处需填入一个形容词修饰“memories”。treasured表示“珍贵的”。故选E。 8. 句意：在很多方面，卡片已经逐渐取代了传统信件。根据“If there’s little time to write a letter, a simple card can express the same thoughtfulness, offering a quick and personal message.”可知，没时间写信时可以用卡片，说明卡片取代了信件。replaced表示“取代”。故选D。 Passage 8 根据短文内容，从方框中选出恰当的单词或短语填空，使语意通顺完整。第一组供1—4小题选用，第二组供5—8小题选用。每个选项只能使用一次，每组有一项剩余。 A．sharing dishes   B．kind   C． provide   D．one year ago   E. in the future Chinese people often eat and share their dishes with others. But it may change 1 . For people’s health, now many cities in China are encouraging people to use serving utensils (公用餐具) while they are eating together. Chinese people like to eat together, but we should know that 2 can spread disease easily. Now, the government not only encourages people to use serving utensils at home, but also suggests that restaurants 3 people with serving utensils. Wang Shijia, a restaurant manager in Shanghai, said it was nothing new for them. “We’ve been providing serving utensils at each table since 4 , and people like it very much,” he said. A．table manners  B．start with  C． listened to  D．was hard   E. disagree with However, there are still people who 5 the idea. In an online survey of 7,500 people on the use of serving utensils, 20% said they were not in the habit and didn’t think it necessary. Many also said that it 6 for them to ask others to use serving utensils. “Behind Chinese 7 is its culture of sharing. One’s own utensils mean the person himself, and eating the dish with his utensils suggests the act of joining the group,” Lin Yufeng, a researcher of cultural communication at Nanjing University, said. “The culture plays an important role in people’s action, so changing the habit of not using serving utensils must 8 everyone.” 【答案】1. E 2. A 3. C 4. D 5. E 6. D 7. A 8. B 【分析】文章主要讲中国人开始使用公用餐具。 【详解】1. 句意：但未来可能会有所改变。根据“it may change”可推出未来会有所改变，in the future“未来”。故选E。 2. 句意：中国人喜欢一起吃饭，但我们应该知道，共享菜肴很容易传播疾病。根据“spread disease easily”可知共享菜肴容易传播疾病，sharing dishes“共享菜肴”。故选A。 3. 句意：现在，政府不仅鼓励人们在家里使用公用餐具，而且建议餐馆为人们提供公用餐具。provide sb. with sth.“给某人提供某物”。故选C。 4. 句意：他说：“从一年前开始，我们就在每张餐桌上提供公用餐具，人们非常喜欢。”根据“We’ve been providing serving utensils at each table since ...”可知since后用过去时间，one year ago“一年前”。故选D。 5. 句意：然而，仍然有人不同意这个想法。根据“20% said they were not in the habit and didn’t think it necessary”可知此处指有人不同意用公用餐具这个主意，disagree with“不同意”。故选E。 6. 句意：很多人还说，很难让别人使用公用餐具。根据“to ask others to use serving utensils”可推出是让别人使用公用餐具对他们来说很难，was hard“是困难的”。故选D。 7. 句意：“中式餐桌礼仪的背后是分享的文化，一个人用自己的餐具代表个人，用筷子吃同一道菜意味着人们属于同一个集体，”南京大学文化传播研究员林玉峰说。根据“its culture of sharing”可知此处讲中国的餐桌礼仪，table manners“餐桌礼仪”。故选A。 8. 句意：文化在人们的行为中扮演着重要的角色，所以改变不使用公用餐具的习惯必须从每个人开始。根据“The culture plays an important role in people’s action”可知改变不用公用餐具的习惯要从每个人开始，start with“从……开始”。故选B。 6 / 18乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $单元核心语法精练 Unit 4 Folk customs （新教材沪教版五四学制） （一般现在时被动语态） 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 解题综合提升 思维导图梳理了一般现在时被动语态的两大板块：一是概念与结构（被动语态表示主语是动作承受者，谓语由 am/is/are + 过去分词构成，is 用于单数、are 用于复数；否定与疑问的变化规则）；二是考点与步骤（主动变被动的四个步骤、不及物动词无被动、使役/感官动词后的 to 还原、短语动词整体不拆分）。帮助掌握“主语 + am/is/are + done”的结构，并避免在被动转换中遗漏 to 或拆散短语动词。 语法模块 具体内容 结构 / 规则 典型例句及翻译 一、概念与结构 概念 主语是动作承受者时用被动语态 主动：We clean the room. → 被动：The room is cleaned. 肯定句 am/is/are + 过去分词 (done) The book is read by many students. 否定句 am/is/are + not + done The room is not cleaned every day. 疑问句 Am/Is/Are + 主语 + done …? Are these books read every day? 二、主动变被动步骤 步骤 ①主动宾语→被动主语 ②谓语→am/is/are+done ③主动主语放 by 后(可省) ④时态保持一般现在时 例句 People grow rice.（主动） → Rice is grown (by people).（被动） 三、易错考点 不及物无被动 happen/appear/take place/rise 等不能用于被动 ❌ An accident was happened. ✅ An accident happened. to 还原 make/let/see/hear/watch 后省 to，被动须补 to They make me work. → I am made to work. 短语动词不拆分 介词/副词不能丢 We take care of the trees. → The trees are taken care of. 使用注意事项 1. 一般现在时被动语态表示现阶段经常性、习惯性的被动动作或客观事实，谓语由“am/is/are + 及物动词的过去分词”构成。 2. be 动词随主语变化：主语为单数名词、不可数名词或 he/she/it 用 is；主语为复数或 you 用 are。 3. 常用标志词：every day/week, usually, often, sometimes, always 等；表示客观事实（如 The earth is round.）也常用被动。 4. 不及物动词（happen, take place, appear, rise, break out 等）不能用于被动语态，本身含有被动意义。 5. 主动语态中 make/let/have/see/hear/watch 等后接宾语补足语时省略 to，变为被动后必须补回 to：be + 过去分词 + to do。 6. 短语动词（如 take care of, listen to, look after）是一个整体，变为被动时介词或副词不能丢掉。 一、单项选择 1．English ________ as a second language in many countries. A．is spoken B．speaks C．spoke D．was spoken 2．The windows of the classroom ________ every day. A．clean B．are cleaned C．cleaned D．were cleaned 3．— How often ________ the sports meeting ________ in your school? — Twice a year. A．does; hold B．was; held C．is; held D．is; hold 4．The cake ________ by my mother every weekend. It tastes delicious. A．makes B．made C．was made D．is made 5．The classroom ________ by the students after school every day. A．is cleaned B．cleans C．cleaned D．was cleaned 6．A lot of new buildings ________ in our city these years. A．build B．are built C．built D．were built 7．The flowers ________ because they need water. A．water B．watered C．are watered D．were watered 8．According to the school rules, mobile phones ________ in the exam. A．don't allow B．won't allow C．weren't allowed D．aren't allowed 9．The little boy ________ to clean the blackboard by the teacher. A．is made B．makes C．made D．was made 10．The novel ________ into many languages. A．translates B．is translated C．translated D．was translated 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1．Rice ________ (grow) in the south of China. 2．The book ________ (read) by many students in our class. 3．These songs ________ (sing) by the children every morning. 4．The window ________ (clean) once a week. 5．English ________ (speak) by people in many countries. 6．The homework ________ (check) by the teacher every day. 7．New cars ________ (make) in this factory. 8．The letter ________ (write) by my father. 9．The trees ________ (water) by the gardener every evening. 10．The classroom ________ (keep) clean by the students. 三、按要求完成句子 1．这封信每天被我父亲写。 The letter ________ ________ by my father every day. 2．英语被世界上许多人说。 English ________ ________ by many people in the world. 3．这些花每天被浇水。 These flowers ________ ________ every day. 4．学校图书馆每周被打扫一次。 The school library ________ ________ once a week. 5．许多新书在我们城市被出版。 Many new books ________ ________ in our city. 6．学生们每天被要求按时完成作业。 The students ________ ________ to finish homework on time every day. 7．这台机器被工人们使用。 The machine ________ ________ by the workers. 8．（对划线部分提问）The library is opened at 8:00 a.m. ________ ________ the library ________? 9．（对划线部分提问）The books are kept on the shelf. ________ ________ the books ________? 10．（对划线部分提问）The letter is written by my mother. ________ ________ the letter ________ ________? 四、完形填空 Passage 1 Are your table manners much better when you are eating at a friend’s home or in a restaurant than they are at your own home? Probably so,because you are aware that people judge you by your table manners.You take special pains when you are eating 1 .Have you ever stopped to realize how much less self-conscious you would be on such occasions if 2 table manners had become a habit for you? You can make them a habit by 3 good table manners at home． Good manners at mealtimes help you and those around you to feel comfortable.This is true at home as much as it is true in someone else’s home or in a restaurant.Good manners make meals more enjoyable for everyone at the table.By this time you probably know quite well what good table manners are.You 4 that keeping your arms on the table,talking with your 5 full,and wolfing down your food are not considered good manners.You know also that if you are mannerly,you say “Please” and “Thank you” and ask for things to be passed to you. Have you ever thought of a pleasant attitude as being essential to good table manners?Not only are pleasant mealtimes enjoyable,but they aid digestion.The dinner table is a 6 　for enjoyable conversation.It should never become a battleground.You are definitely growing in social maturity（成熟）when you try to be an agreeable table companion. 1. A．in public B．at home C．at ease D．in a hurry 2. A．such B．no C．some D．good 3. A．acting B．enjoying C．practicing D．watching 4. A．mention B．prefer C．doubt D．realize 5. A．stomach B．hands C．mouth D．bowl 6. A．time B．place C．chance D．way Passage 2 Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage. (选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文) Before the pandemic, it was common to greet others with a hug or a shake of the hand. That’s now being   1 by some people with an elbow or fist bump (碰手肘或者拳头). In the past, men bowed-bending forward at the body and lowering the head as if to say, “I’m not all that important”. Bowing is elegant (优雅的) and unlike elbow bumps, can totally avoid 2 . So, what do you think? Should bowing make a comeback? Yes, it’s a humble, graceful greeting. Bowing provides a practical and graceful solution to the problem of how to greet one another in the midst of a pandemic. Bumping elbows might not spread coronavirus but it doesn’t have the elegance of a bow. It can be awkward not knowing how to greet someone, so a bow can sort this out. It means that people know 3 what to do without colliding(碰撞) somewhere between a hug and a handshake. A bow is a gesture of humility(谦逊), which is a sign of strength. The Victorian writer, Charles Spurgeon, wrote that the humility of a bow leads to feeling invincible(无敌的). 4 , in these serious times, it could be fun pretending to be in a novel by a Victorian writer. No, it’s 5 to greet people in this way. Physical touch reduces anxiety, stress and even pain. The pandemic has highlighted(突出) how much people want to hug their friends and family. Can you imagine bowing to a grandmother? In the past, bowing was common in the UK when people at the 6 —such as royalty(皇室) and the rich—were considered more important than those lower down—such as children and the working classes. Society should not go back to a way of doing things that highlights inequality between groups. There are better ways to greet, such as the Southeast Asian way of saying “Namaste(合十礼)”, with palms together, pointing upwards in gratitude. 1. A．changed B．replaced C．exchanged D．turned 2. A．contact B．connection C．relation D．link 3. A．even B．early C．exactly D．especially 4. A．Besides B．But C．Instead D．Still 5. A．out of hand B．in use C．out of date D．in business 6. A．center B．bottom C．palace D．top Passage 3 Watching football and working in the garden are the favourite hobbies in Britain. People, young or old, all love gardening very much. That’s why Britain is called “a country of flowers”. It is quite 1 to see a small garden in almost every family. If you praise the owners for their beautiful gardens, they will feel very delighted all day long. Gardening has become an important way of life in Britain. Newspapers, magazines and TV offer many special programmes. They often share useful 2 and nice designs with interested gardeners, or invite famous gardeners to answer their questions. Besides, there are competitions of different 3 across the country, from small community ones to big world events. They attract millions of gardeners. To help children develop interest in gardening, there are special competitions for kids, too. The British like to 4 gardening stories with their traditional culture. Gardening has long been a part of British traditional stories and books. A well-kept garden is a symbol of order, beauty and peace. Those are important ideas for British people. The stories often describe gardens as quiet and special places full of tradition. They also show a cultural belief — taking good care of the land is an important 5 for everyone. In 2000, the British government started the Eden (伊甸园) Project in Cornwall, England. Now it is a home of various kinds of plants and flowers around the world. In fact, it is famous as the world’s largest greenhouse. In 2002, a book called The Garden: An English Love Affair was published. It talked about Britain’s long gardening history and 6 much public attention. The author cleverly wrote about gardening in British historical stories, telling this old and interesting life style in a vivid way. Gardening is like love. If watered and cut with care, the flowers of love will grow well forever. 1. A．boring B．common C．impossible D．strange 2. A．skills B．texts C．tools D．pictures 3. A．subjects B．sizes C．numbers D．ages 4. A．exchange B．replace C．connect D．provide 5. A．plan B．responsibility C．hope D．suggestion 6. A．lost B．paid C．reduced D．caught 五、短文填空 Passage 4 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个恰当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空。 It is important for teenagers to learn good manners. Above all, knowing social manners helps them behave politely. They can decide what to do in a certain situation by 1 (them). Also, they will become more confident than before. What’s more, people would like 2 (offer) good chances to teenagers with good manners, and these chances can possibly change their life. Without good manners, teenagers may face the 3 (bad) results in social communication. When teenagers start to learn manners, most of them are taught to say “please”, “excuse me” and so on. However, good manners are far more than these simple words. They need to continue learning more and avoid 4 (proper) behaviour in public. Here are some useful tips to get them started: 5 (First), express thanks. Say “thank you” as soon as someone offers help. And you have to write thank - you letters or send small presents after visiting someone’s home. These words, spoken or written, can make the 6 (own) of the house feel warm. Secondly, have good table manners. Don’t start to eat until the hosts pick up their 7 (knife) and forks at a dinner party. Eat as quietly as possible. And try not to make any noise. If a dish is far, ask another guest for help instead of reaching over others’ plates for it. Thirdly, show respect during a conversation. Don’t interrupt (打断) others while they 8 (talk). Last week, I saw a boy interrupt his mom when she was sharing her daily life. If you are on the phone in public, keep your voice down. Many people 9 (keep) this rule since they learned good manners. That’s very important for them. There is 10 old saying, “It is never too late to learn.” Start to learn good manners from now on. Passage 5 根据语境或具体提示，完成短文，每空一词。 Before the invention of paper, what did the ancient Chinese mainly write on? The answer is bamboo slips. They hold great 1 (important) in ancient China. They were one of the 2 (early) forms of books in China. People usually wrote on them vertically. Restoring (修复) old bamboo slips is very important 3 they can help solve puzzles (谜题) in history. Fang Beisong is a researcher in the field of bamboo slip restoration. He has been restoring old books since 1988. Now, he 4 (work) at the Jingzhou Conservation Institute in Hubei Province. A few years ago, some bamboo slips from the Han dynasty were found in Hebei. The writing on 5 (they) was not clear. Even worse, grave robbers (盗墓者) had 6 (steal) some of them and burned others. With a slight touch, they would fall apart. Fang and his team 7 (wise) tested more than 70 ways of restoration. Finally, they found 8 special material to help them restore the slips’ flexibility (柔韧性). They carefully 9 (clean) the slips and restored them to the original shape. They then sealed (密封) them before 10 (take) some other steps. With the help of special modern technology, they got clear pictures of the writing on the bamboo slips. “We don’t want to lose the writing from ancient times,” said Fang. “Neither do we want to forget our history. That is why we love our work!” Passage 6 A popular short video, three—part series (系列片) named “Escape From the British Museum” (逃出大英博物馆), has made millions 1 viewers (观众) pay attention to those relics (文物) from China in the British Museum. The series tells the story of a jade teapot (玉茶壶) that comes to life. It becomes a young woman and escapes from the museum 2 (successful). Then she meets a Chinese reporter named Zhang Yong’an in the UK. She wonders 3 he can take her back to China or not. To her excitement, the reporter helps her start a journey from the British Museum back to China. And she also has a very good partner to travel with. On 4 (she) way home, she not only travels across the country but also 5 (carry) “letters” written by other artifacts in the museum to their families in China. Every Chinese she meets treats her with 6 (warm) and kindness. It is 7 (say) that a citizen (网民) suggested making a video to record the returning of Chinese 8 (tradition) relics (遗迹) from the UK to celebrate the Chinese lunar New Year. So the two young Chinese vloggers went to the UK in June and spent three months shooting the video. They said the story was based (以……为基础) on historical facts in order 9 draw attention to the Chinese cultural relics abroad. What 10 interesting video it is! So far, it has spread across China and got over 340 million views and nearly 2 million comments (评论) on Douyin. 六、选词填空 Passage 7 A．achievements    B．graduations    C． Probably    D．Similarly    E. spirits Most Americans take great pleasure in sending and receiving cards for every occasion. Cards are exchanged not only during holidays but also for significant events such as birthdays, holidays, and 1 . If someone is going on a journey, a “Bon Voyage” card is often sent to wish them a safe and pleasant trip. 2 , when a person moves into a new home, they might receive a “Moving” card immediately. Cards serve as a heartfelt means of expressing thankfulness, celebrating 3 , or even offering apologies. For instance, when someone falls ill, a “Get Well” card is sent to uplift their 4 . Additionally, a “Good Luck” card is a thoughtful way to celebrate a new job or career opportunity, strengthening the bond of friendship and support during important life transitions. A．cherished   B．expected    C． recorded    D．replaced    E. treasured The most popular and widely 5 cards are Holiday cards. When people receive them, they often display them on the fireplace in their homes. These cards are the most 6 , as they are typically sent just once a year by close friends and relatives, making them particularly special. Birthday cards, on the other hand, are often displayed on a shelf, where they are easily seen and read by everyone. Special cards, especially those received on important occasions, are kept for many years. They become 7 memories, much like old photographs. In many ways, cards have gradually 8 traditional letters. If there’s little time to write a letter, a simple card can express the same thoughtfulness, offering a quick and personal message. Passage 8 根据短文内容，从方框中选出恰当的单词或短语填空，使语意通顺完整。第一组供1—4小题选用，第二组供5—8小题选用。每个选项只能使用一次，每组有一项剩余。 A．sharing dishes   B．kind   C． provide   D．one year ago   E. in the future Chinese people often eat and share their dishes with others. But it may change 1 . For people’s health, now many cities in China are encouraging people to use serving utensils (公用餐具) while they are eating together. Chinese people like to eat together, but we should know that 2 can spread disease easily. Now, the government not only encourages people to use serving utensils at home, but also suggests that restaurants 3 people with serving utensils. Wang Shijia, a restaurant manager in Shanghai, said it was nothing new for them. “We’ve been providing serving utensils at each table since 4 , and people like it very much,” he said. A．table manners  B．start with  C． listened to  D．was hard   E. disagree with However, there are still people who 5 the idea. In an online survey of 7,500 people on the use of serving utensils, 20% said they were not in the habit and didn’t think it necessary. Many also said that it 6 for them to ask others to use serving utensils. “Behind Chinese 7 is its culture of sharing. One’s own utensils mean the person himself, and eating the dish with his utensils suggests the act of joining the group,” Lin Yufeng, a researcher of cultural communication at Nanjing University, said. “The culture plays an important role in people’s action, so changing the habit of not using serving utensils must 8 everyone.” 10 / 10乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $