Unit 1 Teenage life 连系动词专项训练2026-2027学年沪教版五四学制英语九年级上册

**基本信息** 以思维导图和表格系统梳理连系动词分类与用法，通过梯度题型实现从语法规则到综合应用的能力进阶，培养语言理解与逻辑辨析能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |语法梳理|分类+用法表格|“分类记忆法”（状态/感官/变化等5类）、“用法三原则”（接形容词、无被动、主动表被动）|从概念分类到规则应用，构建“分类-结构-辨析”逻辑链| |基础应用|单选10题+填空10题+句子转换10题|“语境匹配法”（如感官系动词与形容词搭配）、“错误警示法”（副词误用/被动语态误区）|针对高频易错点，强化规则迁移能力| |综合提升|完形3篇+短文填空3篇+选词填空2篇|“语篇分析法”（结合上下文判断系动词表意）、“词义辨析法”（如turn/become/get的语义差异）|从单句到语篇，实现语法知识向语用能力转化|

单元核心语法精练 Unit 1 Teenage life （新教材沪教版五四学制） （连系动词） 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 解题综合提升 思维导图梳理了连系动词的两大板块：一是系动词的分类（状态 be、感官 look/sound/smell/taste/feel、变化 become/get/turn/grow、持续 keep/stay/remain、表象 seem/appear）；二是系动词的用法（后接形容词或名词作表语、无被动语态、与实义动词的区别、主动表被动）。帮助区分系动词与实义动词，避免误用副词作表语。 语法模块 具体内容 结构 / 规则 典型例句及翻译 一、系动词的分类 状态系动词 be (am/is/are/was/were) 后接名词、形容词、介词短语 She is happy. 感官系动词 look/sound/smell/taste/feel 后只接形容词 The music sounds wonderful. 变化系动词 become/get/turn/grow 表示逐渐变化 The leaves turn yellow. 持续/保持类 keep/stay/remain 保持某种状态 keep quiet; stay healthy 表象系动词 seem/appear 看起来、似乎 He seems unhappy. 二、系动词的用法 后接表语 系动词+形容词/名词，绝不可用副词 ✗ The music sounds wonderfully. 无被动语态 系动词没有被动语态，多数无进行时 The flower looks beautiful. 系vs实义动词 系+形 与 实义动词+副 意义不同 He looks tired. / He looks carefully. 主动表被动 某些词表内在属性时主动表被动 The book sells well. 使用注意事项 1. 系动词不能单独作谓语，必须后接表语（形容词、名词或介词短语），构成“主语 + 系动词 + 表语”结构，用来说明主语是什么、怎么样。 2. 系动词后必须用形容词（或名词）作表语，绝不能用副词；如 The music sounds wonderful.（√）／The music sounds wonderfully.（×）。 3. 系动词没有被动语态，也不能用于进行时（进行时一般用实义动词充当谓语）。 4. 区分系动词与实义动词：系动词 + 形容词（He looks tired. 他看起来累）；实义动词 + 副词（He looks carefully. 他仔细看）。 5. 变化系动词注意词义差别：become 表身份或状态变化（较正式）；get 多表情绪、天气的渐变；turn 专表颜色变化；grow 表逐渐成长、慢慢变化。 6. 某些实义动词（如 sell、write、read、wash）表示主语内在属性时可用主动形式表被动意义，如 The book sells well.（这本书很畅销）。 一、单项选择 1．The new silk scarf ________ very soft. I want to buy one for my mum. A．feels B．sounds C．smells D．looks 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这条新丝绸围巾摸起来非常柔软，我想给妈妈买一条。soft 是触觉感受，主语 scarf 为单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数 feels；sounds 听起来、smells 闻起来、looks 看起来均不符语境。故选 A。 2．The fresh flowers in the park ________ sweet in spring. A．taste B．smell C．sound D．look 【答案】B 【详解】句意：春天公园里新鲜的花朵闻起来很香。sweet 是气味，应用感官系动词 smell；taste 尝起来、sound 听起来、look 看起来均与气味无关。主语 flowers 为复数，动词用原形 smell。故选 B。 3．The weather ________ colder and colder these days. A．turns B．becomes C．gets D．grows 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这些天天气变得越来越冷。colder and colder 表示逐渐变化，get 常用于天气、情绪等渐变，后接比较级；turn 多用于颜色变化，become 较正式，grow 表慢慢长成。主语 weather 单数，用 gets。故选 C。 4．In autumn the grass ________ yellow and the trees lose their leaves. A．gets B．grows C．becomes D．turns 【答案】D 【详解】句意：秋天草变黄，树也落叶。yellow 是颜色变化，变化系动词 turn 专门表示颜色改变；get 多接天气或情绪，become 表身份状态变化，grow 表逐渐成长。grass 不可数，动词用单数 turns。故选 D。 5．The little boy ________ a little nervous before the speech contest. A．seemed B．sounded C．smelled D．tasted 【答案】A 【详解】句意：那个小男孩在演讲比赛前似乎有点紧张。nervous 是主语的状态，表象系动词 seem 表示“似乎、看起来”，后接形容词；sounded 听起来、smelled 闻起来、tasted 尝起来均不合语境。主语 boy 单数，过去式 seemed。故选 A。 6．Please ________ quiet in the library. Everyone is reading. A．stay B．keep C．remain D．become 【答案】B 【详解】句意：请在图书馆保持安静，大家都在看书。quiet 是形容词作表语，持续/保持类系动词 keep 表示“保持某种状态”，keep quiet 是常用搭配；stay/remain 也可表保持，但 keep quiet 更自然；become 表变化。故选 B。 7．The light music ________ wonderful. Let's dance to it! A．looks B．feels C．sounds D．tastes 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这首轻音乐听起来很美妙，我们跟着跳吧！music 与听觉相关，用感官系动词 sound；主语 music 单数，用 sounds。looks 看、feels 摸、tastes 尝均不符。故选 C。 8．The dish ________ good but ________ terrible when I tried it. A．smells; sounds B．tastes; looks C．sounds; smells D．looks; tastes 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这道菜看起来不错，但我尝的时候很难吃。第一空描述外观用 look，第二空描述味道用 taste；but 表转折。主语 dish 单数，分别用 looks 和 tastes。故选 D。 9．This kind of book ________ well because it is really useful for students. A．sells B．is sold C．is selling D．sold 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这类书很畅销，因为它对学生确实有用。sell well 表示“畅销”，当 sell 表示主语内在属性（好卖）时用主动形式表被动意义，不用被动语态；主语 kind 单数，用 sells。故选 A。 10．The soup ________ a little strange, so I didn't drink it. A．looks B．tastes C．seems D．becomes 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这汤尝起来有点奇怪，所以我没有喝。strange 是味觉感受，用感官系动词 taste；主语 soup 单数，用 tastes。looks 看、seems 似乎、becomes 变得均不符。故选 B。 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1．The little girl ________ (look) lovely in her new red skirt. 【答案】looks 【详解】句意：那个小女孩穿着红色新裙子看起来很可爱。look 在此作系动词，后接形容词 lovely；主语 girl 单数，一般现在时用 looks。 2．The fresh coffee ________ (smell) nice every morning. 【答案】smells 【详解】句意：每天早晨新鲜的咖啡闻起来很香。smell 作系动词，后接形容词 nice；主语 coffee 单数，用 smells。 3．The weather ________ (get) warmer and warmer when spring comes. 【答案】gets 【详解】句意：春天来临时天气变得越来越暖和。get 作变化系动词，后接比较级；主语 weather 单数，用 gets。 4．The leaves on the trees ________ (turn) red and yellow in October. 【答案】turn 【详解】句意：十月里树上的叶子变红变黄。turn 作变化系动词表颜色变化；主语 leaves 复数，用原形 turn。 5．Yesterday he ________ (seem) very happy when he got the gift. 【答案】seemed 【详解】句意：昨天他收到礼物时似乎很开心。seem 作表象系动词；yesterday 表过去，用过去式 seemed。 6．We should ________ (keep) our classroom clean and tidy every day. 【答案】keep 【详解】句意：我们应当每天保持教室干净整洁。keep 作持续类系动词，后接形容词；情态动词 should 后用动词原形 keep。 7．The music ________ (sound) wonderful at the concert last night. 【答案】sounded 【详解】句意：昨晚音乐会上那音乐听起来很精彩。sound 作感官系动词；last night 表过去，用 sounded。 8．The silk ________ (feel) smooth and cool when you touch it. 【答案】feels 【详解】句意：当你触摸时，这丝绸摸起来光滑凉爽。feel 作感官系动词；主语 silk 单数，用 feels。 9．She ________ (become) a famous singer after years of hard work. 【答案】became 【详解】句意：经过多年努力，她成为了一名著名歌手。become 作变化系动词表身份变化；after years 暗示过去，用 became。 10．The food ________ (taste) terrible because it had been left out too long. 【答案】tasted 【详解】句意：那食物尝起来很难吃，因为它在外面放得太久。taste 作感官系动词；had been 提示过去，用 tasted。 三、按要求完成句子 1．她今天早上看起来不开心。 She ________ ________ this morning. 【答案】 looked unhappy 【详解】句意：她今天早上看起来不开心。“看起来”用系动词 look，根据 this morning 用过去式 looked；“不开心的”用形容词 unhappy，位于系动词后作表语。 2．春天花园里的玫瑰花闻起来很香。 The roses in the garden ________ ________ in spring. 【答案】 smell sweet 【详解】句意：春天花园里的玫瑰花闻起来很香。“闻起来”用感官系动词 smell，主语 roses 复数用原形；“香的”用形容词 sweet 作表语。 3．天气正变得越来越暖和。 The weather ________ ________ warmer and warmer. 【答案】 is getting 【详解】句意：天气正变得越来越暖和。“变得”用变化系动词 get 的现在进行时 is getting，后接比较级 warmer。 4．这部电影听起来很精彩！ The movie ________ ________! 【答案】 sounds wonderful 【详解】句意：这部电影听起来很精彩！“听起来”用感官系动词 sound，主语 movie 单数用 sounds；“精彩的”用形容词 wonderful。 5．请保持我们的教室干净整洁。 Please ________ our classroom ________ ________. 【答案】 keep clean tidy 【详解】句意：请保持我们的教室干净整洁。keep 作持续类系动词，后接并列形容词 clean and tidy；祈使句用动词原形 keep。 6．他似乎很难相处。 He ________ ________ to get along with. 【答案】 seems difficult 【详解】句意：他似乎很难相处。“似乎”用表象系动词 seem，主语 he 单数用 seems；“难的”用形容词 difficult 作表语。 7．树叶在秋天变黄。 The leaves ________ yellow in autumn. 【答案】 turn 【详解】句意：树叶在秋天变黄。turn 作变化系动词表颜色变化；主语 leaves 复数用原形 turn。 8．均衡饮食有助于我们保持健康。 A balanced diet helps us ________ ________. 【答案】 stay healthy 【详解】句意：均衡饮食有助于我们保持健康。stay/keep 作持续类系动词，“健康的”用形容词 healthy 作表语，help sb. (to) do 用原形。 9．（对划线部分提问）The music sounds wonderful. ________ ________ the music ________? 【答案】 How does sound 【详解】句意：那音乐听起来怎么样？对表语形容词 wonderful 提问用 How；原句一般现在时、主语 music 单数，借助助动词 does，系动词 sound 还原。 10．（对划线部分提问）The girl looks very beautiful in the red dress. ________ ________ the girl ________ in the red dress? 【答案】 How does look 【详解】句意：那个女孩穿红裙子看起来怎么样？对表语 very beautiful 提问用 How；原句一般现在时、主语 girl 单数，借助 does，系动词 look 还原。 四、完形填空 Passage 1 Choose the best answer and complete the passage. In the 8th grade, our English teacher required everyone to practise public speaking in front of the class. Each time, I would practise on the way to school the day before, and rehearse before my turn came. The first few times, my 1 was shaking, my hands were sweating, and I even forgot parts of my speech. As time went on, I became less nervous and gained more 2 as a speaker, especially when I saw my classmates become 3 in my talk. Now, I feel 4 about speaking to a crowd, even in English. I always prepare my speeches well, and I don’t get as nervous as I used to. I have learned that with enough 5 , everyone can become a better speaker step by step. So if you want to 6 well in public, just practise more. 1．A．voice B．heart C．hand D．face 2．A．confidence B．courage C．patience D．energy 3．A．interested B．surprised C．disappointed D．worried 4．A．confident B．nervous C．lonely D．proud 5．A．practice B．luck C．money D．time 6．A．speak B．listen C．read D．sing 【答案】1．A 2．A 3．A 4．A 5．A 6．A 【导语】本文讲述作者在八年级时通过持续练习克服公开演讲的紧张，逐步建立自信的经历，并鼓励大家多加练习，提升当众演讲能力。 【详解】1．句意：起初几次，我的声音颤抖，手心冒汗，甚至忘记部分演讲稿。 根据下文“shaking”以及公开演讲紧张的场景，声音颤抖是典型紧张表现，voice“声音”符合语境；heart“心脏”、hand“手”、face“脸”均不符合语境。 2．句意：随着时间推移，我没那么紧张，作为演讲者收获了更多自信。 结合前文不再紧张的情绪变化，confidence“自信”贴合演讲心态转变；courage“勇气”、patience“耐心”、energy“精力”均不符合语境。 3．句意：尤其是看到同学们对我的发言产生兴趣时。 根据上下文正向积极的氛围，interested“感兴趣的”符合语境；surprised“惊讶的”、disappointed“失望的”、worried“担忧的”均不符合语境。 4．句意：如今面对众人发言，哪怕用英语，我也感到自信。 依据前文不再紧张的经历，confident“自信的”契合当下状态；nervous“紧张的”、lonely “孤独的”、proud“骄傲的”均不符合语境。 5．句意：我明白了，只要充分练习，每个人都能逐步成为更好的演讲者。 由文末“practise more”可知， practice“练习”呼应文章主旨；luck“运气”、money“金钱”、time“时间”均不符合语境。 6．句意：因此如果你想在公众场合好好发言，就多多练习。 全文围绕“public speaking”展开，speak“发言、演讲”匹配主题；listen“聆听”、read“阅读”、sing“唱歌”均不符合语境。 Passage 2 Parents feel that it is difficult to live with teenagers. Then again, teenagers have 1 feelings about their parents saying that it isn’t easy living with them. According to recent research, the most common 2 between parents and teenagers is that regarding untidiness and daily routine tasks. On the one hand, parents go mad over 3 rooms, clothes thrown on the floor and their children’s refusal to help with the housework. On the other hand, teenagers lose their patience continually when parents blame them for 4 the towels in the bathroom, not cleaning up their room or not doing the shopping at the supermarket. The research, conducted by St. George University, shows that different parents have different ways of addressing these problems. However, some ways are more successful than others. For example, those parents who shout at their children for their untidiness, but 5 clean the room for them, have fewer chances of changing their children’s behavior. On the contrary, those who let teenagers experience the 6 of their actions can do better. For example, when teenagers who don’t help their parents with the shopping don’t find their favourite drink in the refrigerator, they are forced to reconsider their actions. 1. A．natural B．strong C．guilty D．similar 2. A．interest B．argument C．link D．topic 3. A．noisy B．crowded C．messy D．locked 4. A．washing B．using C．dropping D．replacing 5. A．later B．slowly C．seldom D．completely 6. A．failures B．changes C．results D．surprises 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C 4. C 5. A 6. C 【导语】本文探讨了父母与青少年之间因卫生习惯和家务问题产生的矛盾，并通过研究指出，让青少年体验自身行为的后果比直接替他们解决问题更有效。 【详解】1. 句意：青少年对父母也有类似的感觉，认为和父母生活在一起不容易。 natural自然的；strong强烈的；guilty内疚的；similar类似的。根据“Parents feel that it is difficult to live with teenagers.”和“Then again”可知，青少年对父母也有类似的感觉。故选D。 2. 句意：根据最近的一项研究，父母和青少年之间最常见的争论是关于不整洁和日常事务。 interest兴趣；argument争论；link联系；topic话题。根据“parents go mad over”和“teenagers lose their patience”可知，这是双方的争论焦点。故选B。 3. 句意：一方面，父母因为房间凌乱、衣服扔在地上和孩子们拒绝帮忙做家务而发疯。 noisy吵闹的；crowded拥挤的；messy凌乱的；locked锁上的。根据“clothes thrown on the floor”可知，房间是凌乱的。故选C。 4. 句意：另一方面，当父母责备他们乱扔浴室毛巾、不打扫房间或不去超市购物时，青少年会不断失去耐心。 washing洗；using使用；dropping扔下；replacing替换。根据“the towels in the bathroom”和责备的内容可知，是把毛巾乱扔。故选C。 5. 句意：例如，那些因为孩子不整洁而对他们大喊大叫，但后来又替他们打扫房间的父母，改变孩子行为的机会更少。 later后来；slowly缓慢地；seldom很少；completely完全地。此处表示时间上的先后顺序，即父母先责备，然后自己动手打扫。故选A。 6. 句意：相反，那些让青少年体验自己行为后果的父母能做得更好。 failures失败；changes改变；results结果；surprises惊讶。experience the results of their actions意为“体验他们行为的后果”，符合语境。故选C。 Passage 3 选择最恰当的选项完成短文。 Emily was a teenager and lived with her parents. She and her best friend, Kim, found out that their favorite band would give a concert in their town on Friday night. They really wanted to go, but they didn’t think their parents would agree. Emily explained to her parents that she wanted to go to the concert with Kim, but they thought that she was too young to go without 1 . Emily told Kim that she could not go to the concert, but her friend’s answer was a real 2 to Emily. Kim told her mum she would study with friends on Friday. “I really do not want to be dishonest with my parents,” Emily told her friend. “Oh, 3 acting like a little kid! Everyone lies,” Kim replied. But Emily was not so sure. She thought that honesty was very important. Emily never felt comfortable lying, and her parents always told her that it was wrong. On Thursday, Kim invited Emily over to her house to watch a movie after school. When they got there, Kim and her mother got into a fight. Emily realized that Kim lied to her mother 4 and her mother did not trust her. Emily had to go back home. As she walked home, she remembered that Kim always told her how terrible her relationship with her mother was. Kim thought her mother did not understand her, but Emily thought maybe Kim’s mother was just 5 Kim being dishonest with her. Emily decided she would not lie to her parents about the concert. There would be lots of concerts in the future, but they were the only Parents she would ever have. She knew it was better to honor them and help them because her parents trusted her, let her do 6 of the things that she wanted to do, and she really preferred it that way. 1. A．teachers B．friends C．adults D．relatives 2. A．promise B．impression C．experience D．surprise 3. A．continue B．stop C．enjoy D．hate 4. A．all the time B．at the same time C．for the time being D．ahead of time 5. A．fond of B．satisfied with C．used to D．tired of 6. A．none B．few C．most D．all 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B 4. A 5. D 6. C 【导语】本文主要讲述了Emily和Kim想去音乐会，两个人以不同的方式和父母沟通的故事。 【详解】1. 句意：艾米丽向她的父母解释说，她想和金一起去听音乐会，但他们认为她太年轻了，不能在没有成年人的陪同下去。 teachers老师；friends朋友；adults成人；relatives亲戚。根据“they thought that she was too young to go without”可知她父母认为她太小了，没有成人一起陪同的话不能自己去。故选C。 2. 句意：艾米丽告诉金，她不能去听音乐会，但她的朋友的回答让艾米丽大吃一惊。 promise承诺；impression印象；experience经历；surprise惊讶。根据“Kim told her mum she would study with friends on Friday”可知Kim向她父母撒谎，这让Emily很吃惊。故选D。 3. 句意：别表现得像个小孩子！ continue继续；stop停止；enjoy享受；hate讨厌。根据“acting like a little kid! Everyone lies”可知是不要表现得像个孩子，用stop。故选B。 4. 句意：艾米丽意识到，金一直对她母亲撒谎，她的母亲不信任她。 all the time一直；at the same time同时；for the time being目前，暂时；ahead of time提前。根据“her mother did not trust her.”可知她妈妈不信任她，可见她一直向母亲撒谎。故选A。 5. 句意：艾米丽认为也许金的母亲只是厌倦了金对她的不诚实。 fond of喜爱；satisfied with满意；used to曾经；tired of厌烦。根据“Kim’s mother was just...Kim being dishonest with her.”可知金的妈妈对金经常撒谎非常厌烦，而金认为她妈妈不理解她，所以她们之间的关系很差。故选D。 6. 句意：让她做她想做的大部分事情。 none没有一个；few几乎没有；most大多数；all全部。根据“her parents trusted her, let her do...of the things that she wanted to do”可知她父母相信她，让她做她想做的大多数事情。故选C。 五、短文填空 Passage 4 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。请将答案写到答题卡指定位置。 In our daily life, the use of electronic (电子的) products influences teenagers a lot. On the one hand, electronic products allow us to communicate with others 1 (easy). On the other hand, screen time may lead to different health 2 (problem), such as sleep disorders and tiredness. So, we should try to use the products properly. Here is my friend Lucy’s example. My friend Lucy used to have over 500 online friends. 3 , she was very lonely in her real life. Her parents advised her 4 (join) a local basketball team instead of spending too much time on the screen. She started to spend real time with her teammates. Surprisingly, she became so interested in the team activities that she 5 (hard) thought about her online world. So far, she 6 (make) great progress in her social life, which has brought her a lot of 7 (happy) and relaxing moments. 8 excited she is! She truly feels that the joy of teamwork and face-to-face friendship in real life gives her many special feelings that she never 9 (have) online. She now feels much 10 (happy) and more confident than before. We must remember that electronic products are a powerful tool, but we had better use them wisely in our daily life. 【答案】 1. easily 2. problems 3. However 4. to join 5. hardly 6. has made 7. happiness 8. How 9. has had 10. happier 【导语】本文主要讲述了电子产品对青少年的影响，并通过朋友Lucy的例子说明过度依赖网络的危害以及回归现实生活的好处，呼吁大家在日常生活中明智地使用电子产品。 【详解】1. 句意：一方面，电子产品让我们能轻松地和他人交流。communicate是动词，需要用副词修饰，easy的副词形式是easily。 2. 句意：另一方面，屏幕使用时长可能引发各类健康问题，例如睡眠障碍和疲惫。different表示“不同的”，后接可数名词复数，problem复数为problems。 3. 句意：我的朋友露西曾经有五百多个网友，然而，她在现实生活中十分孤独。前后两句存在转折关系，空后有逗号隔开，填副词However。 4. 句意：她的父母建议她加入当地篮球队，不要花太多时间盯着屏幕。固定搭配advise sb. to do sth.（建议某人做某事），填to join。 5. 句意：令人惊讶的是，她对团队活动如此感兴趣，几乎不再想起网络世界。结合句意，此处表示“几乎不”，hard的副词hardly意为“几乎不”。 6. 句意：到目前为止，她在社交生活上取得了巨大进步。So far是现在完成时标志词，主语she是第三人称单数，现在完成时结构为has + 过去分词，make的过去分词为made。 7. 句意：这给她带来了许多快乐又放松的时光。a lot of后接名词，happy的名词形式happiness（快乐），为不可数名词。 8. 句意：她多么激动啊！本句是感叹句，中心词excited是形容词，用How引导感叹句，结构How + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语。 9. 句意：她真切感受到现实生活中协作与面对面友谊带来的快乐，是她在网上从未拥有过的特别感受。主句谓语feels为一般现在时，“从未有过”是过去的经历对现在的影响，用现在完成时，主语是单数，结构为has+过去分词had。 10. 句意：她现在比以前更快乐、更自信了。句中有比较级标志than，happy的比较级为happier，much修饰比较级加强程度。 Passage 5 If you are a parent of a child or a teenager, you should know the social psychologist (心理学家) Jonathan Haidt and his very popular book, The Anxious Generation. The book says that over the past 15 years, the rise of smartphones and social media (媒体) 1 (change) young people’s brains. The Anxious Generation has had 2 big influence, and it has led to laws in the USA that limit (限制) phone use in schools. As a parent of a 10-year-old and a 14-year-old, I can say that in almost 10 years, there has not been a week without 3 (get) into fights about technology and its uses. These include iPhones, video games, social media, and YouTube. 4 these technologies are not all bad, they make people 5 (want) to use them all the time. And there are not enough rules about them. So people use them in ways 6 hurt themselves. Young people’s study and making 7 (friend) are both hurt. It is fun to have the world on your phone. My kid learned to make pizza from online videos. I like watching my favorite writers’ interviews online too. But when people only watch things online instead 8 doing things in real life, problems grow. For many people, the balance (平衡) between online and real life is broken. What is especially great about The Anxious Generation is that it makes people think more 9 (careful) about the products that shape their daily lives. It helps people 10 (well) fight the bad influence of the online world than before. 【答案】 1. has changed 2. a 3. getting 4. Although/Though 5. want 6. that/which 7. friends 8. of 9. carefully 10. better 【导语】本文以《焦虑的一代》这本聚焦青少年数码使用问题的畅销书为核心切入点，结合普通家长的真实生活体验，客观辩证地讨论了智能手机与社交媒体对当代人尤其是青少年成长带来的隐忧。 【详解】1. 句意：这本书指出，在过去15年里，智能手机和社交媒体的普及已经改变了年轻人的大脑。由时间状语“over the past 15 years”可知此处要用现在完成时，其结构为have/has done，主语the rise of smartphones and social media表单数，故填has changed。 2. 句意：《焦虑的一代》产生了巨大的影响，美国已经据此出台了限制校园内手机使用的相关法律。固定搭配have a big influence表示“产生巨大影响”，故填a。 3. 句意：作为一名有10岁和14岁两个孩子的家长，我可以说，近10年来，我们家几乎没有一周不为科技产品及其使用问题起争执。介词without后要接动名词形式，故填getting。 4. 句意：尽管这些科技产品并非一无是处，但它们会让人们总想无时无刻使用它们。前后语义为让步关系，需Although/Though引导让步状语从句。 5. 句意：尽管这些科技产品并非一无是处，但它们会让人们总想无时无刻使用它们。固定结构make sb. do sth.表示“让某人做某事”，接不带to的不定式，故填want。 6. 句意：因此人们会以伤害自身的方式使用它们。定语从句先行词为ways，指代物，从句缺少主语，故用关系代词that/which引导。 7. 句意：年轻人的学业和交友都受到了负面影响。固定搭配make friends表示“交朋友”，用复数形式。 8. 句意：但当人们只盯着线上内容，而不去参与现实生活中的活动时，问题就会滋生。固定搭配instead of表示“而不是”，故填of。 9. 句意：《焦虑的一代》这本书最可贵的地方在于，它让人们更谨慎地去思考那些塑造了我们日常生活的产品。修饰动词think要用副词形式，故填carefully。 10. 句意：它帮助人们比以往更好地对抗网络世界的不良影响。由后面的than before可知此处要用副词比较级，故填better。 Passage 6 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空（必要时可加情态动词或助动词） Dear Emma, Your problem is like a circle. The harder you study, the 1 (little) time you have to make friends and the less 2 (friend) you look to your classmates. The fewer friends you have, the harder you study to make 3 (you) feel better. Try to break this bad circle. Perhaps you are afraid 4 (meeting) new people, because you are too shy or too serious. But you are actually not. Everyone has a fun side in his or her character. Push your shy side away and show your classmates how fun you can be. Look at your classmates. 5 (be) there any people with whom you feel you have a lot in common? 6 (one), smile at your classmates. Do this as often as 7 (you) can, until your classmates become used to your smile and smile in return. Next, talk to your classmates. Do this between classes or during your lunch break. You may find it easier 8 (start) by 9 (talk) to people when they are alone. Perhaps you could ask a classmate about your studies. They are likely to respond (回答) in a very positive way. People like to feel that they are 10 (importance) and helpful to others. There must be someone else in your class who is also quiet. It might be easier to try to talk with him or her. Your problem is mainly about confidence. Smile first, talk next and slowly you will make friends. Once you have more confidence, you can make as many friends as you want. Editor 【答案】 1. less 2. friendly 3. yourself 4. to meet 5. Are 6. First 7. you 8. to start 9. talking 10. important 【导语】本文讲述编辑给Emma回信，剖析她学习越努力朋友越少的恶性循环，给出克服害羞、多微笑、主动交谈、寻找有共同点同学等建议，帮助她建立自信、交到朋友。 【详解】1. 句意：你学习越努力，你交朋友的时间就越少，你在同学眼中看起来就越不友好。“the+比较级..., the+比较级...”为固定句型，意为“越……，越……”；little的比较级为less。 2. 句意：你学习越努力，你交朋友的时间就越少，你在同学眼中看起来就越不友好。look为系动词，后接形容词作表语；friend对应的形容词为friendly。 3. 句意：朋友越少，你就越努力学习来让自己感觉好受些。make后接反身代词作宾语，表示“让自己感觉更好”；you对应的反身代词为yourself。 4. 句意：也许你害怕结识新朋友，因为你太害羞或太严肃。be afraid to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“害怕做某事”，需要将meeting改为动词不定式to meet。 5. 句意：看看你的同学。有没有你觉得和你有许多共同之处的人？there be句型的一般疑问句将be动词提前；主语people为复数，故填are，句首首字母大写。 6. 句意：首先，对你的同学微笑。one的序数词为first意为“首先”，用于列举步骤，句首首字母大写。 7. 句意：尽可能多地这样做，直到你的同学习惯了你的微笑并回报以微笑。as...as sb. can为固定搭配，空处使用人称代词主语you作主语。 8. 句意：你可能会发现，先和独自一人的人交谈会更容易。find it+adj.+to do sth.为固定结构，it为形式宾语，不定式to start作真正的宾语。 9. 句意：你可能会发现，先和独自一人的人交谈会更容易。by为介词，后接动名词作宾语；talk的动名词为talking。 10. 句意：人们喜欢感觉自己对他人来说是重要的和有帮助的。are后接形容词作表语；名词importance对应的形容词为important。 六、选词填空 Passage 7 A．damage   B．need   C． choice   D．continued   E. sank When I was a child, I didn’t have a lot of toys and often felt lonely. For a while, my best friend was a tree branch. I’d pick  it up in a park. I took it everywhere with me. Our neighbor thought it was just another piece of firewood. Before I could stop him, he broke it in half. I lost my friend, and my heart 1 .    I 2 to love trees as I grew older. We talked. On stormy days, they seemed to scold me with their swaying branches. Later, when the winds died down, they would calm and come to comfort me.     The maple (枫树) in my front yard was already a teenager when I moved in. Over the next forty years, it grew into a big tree with a thick trunk. We went through many seasons together. Then, last summer, I got some bad news: The tree was sick. It could break during a storm and fall directly on my house. This would cause a lot of 3 . The government said the tree had to come down. There was no 4 . A．alive   B．hated   C． decided   D．connect   E. death I told our neighbors about this, and to my surprise, most of them felt the same way I did. They all 5 to see it go. Jen, an artist, said she was often inspired (赋予灵感) by the play of light and shadow across her window as the branches moved and swayed.     As word spread, another neighbor, Lynne, suggested that we have a farewell group hug. On our last evening, we gathered around the maple and held hands. We thanked it for being with us for so many years. It was wonderful to 6 with these people who had shared the tree with me all that time. What were we upset about? The loss of a beloved friend? The passing of time? That 7 is an inescapable (无法逃避的) part of life? Maybe it was all of these things. I’ve kept two pieces of the trunk, and the stump (树桩) now holds some flower pots. For sure, the old maple will always be 8 in my heart. 【答案】1. E 2. D 3. A 4. C 5. B 6. D 7. E 8. A 【导语】第一篇：本文是一篇记叙文。作者以富有情感的方式回忆了自己与树木之间的深厚联系，从儿时的树枝“朋友”，到成长过程中与树木的交流，再到最终不得不砍掉前院生病的枫树的无奈。 第二篇：本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了社区邻居们对一棵即将被砍伐的枫树的共同情感，以及他们如何通过告别仪式来纪念这棵树，表达了树木在人们生命中的重要意义。 【详解】1. 句意：我失去了我的朋友，我的心也随之沉了下去。根据“I lost my friend, and my heart...”可知，句子描述作者在树枝朋友被毁后的心情，and连接两个并列分句，后一分句缺少谓语动词；选用sink“下沉，低落”的过去式sank。故填E。 2. 句意：随着我长大，我继续热爱树木。根据“I...to love trees as I grew older.”可知，句子缺少谓语动词，描述作者对树木持续的情感；选用continue“继续”的过去式continued。故填D。 3. 句意：这会（给房子）造成很大的损害。根据“This would cause a lot of...”可知，短语“cause...damage”表示“造成…损害”；选用damage“损害”。故填A。 4. 句意：没有选择的余地。根据“There was no...”可知，空格位于“There was no”之后，需要一个单数名词；选用choice“选择”。故填C。 5. 句意：他们都对它的离去感到难过。根据“They all...to see it go.”可知，句子缺少谓语动词，描述邻居们对树被砍伐的情感反应；“see it go”意为“看到它离开/被砍掉”，根据上下文，邻居们同样喜爱这棵树，所以情感应是负面的；选用hate“讨厌，憎恨”的过去式hated，“hate to see it go”意为“很不愿意看到它被砍掉”。故填B。 6. 句意：能与这些一直以来和我共享这棵树的人们产生联结，感觉真好。根据“It was wonderful to...with these people”可知，“It is/was adj. to do sth.”结构，空格处为动词原形，且与介词“with”搭配；选用connect“连接”，构成“connect with…”短语。故填D。 7. 句意：对时间流逝的感伤？还是对死亡是生命中不可避免的一部分的认知？根据“That...is an inescapable part of life?”可知，空格作主语，需要名词，且根据前文提及的“失去心爱的朋友”、“时间流逝”，此处应指代更抽象、终极的生命规律；选用death“死亡”。故填E。 8. 句意：当然，这棵老枫树将永远活在我的心中。根据“will always be...in my heart”可知，空格位于系动词“be”之后，需要形容词作表语；选用alive“活着的”。“be alive in one’s heart”意为“活在某人心中”。故填A。 Passage 8 Choose the proper words in the box to complete the following passage. Each can be used only once (选择最恰当的选项填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次) (每题只有一个正确选项) A．damage B．recognize C． organize D．machines E. opposite What makes humans and our animal relatives different? A big beautiful brain. Human brain power has invented things such as art, language, literature, 1 and music. The list goes on, but there is still much we don’t know about the brain. Just this month, scientists discovered that swimming in cold water could repair 2 to human brains. The brain has two connected parts called hemispheres (脑半球). Each one controls the 3 side of the body. The right hemisphere controls the left side of the body and helps you 4 faces, images and music. The left hemisphere controls the right side of the body and focuses on language, logical (逻辑的) thinking and maths.       A．action B．especially C． touch D．early E creative Our brain continues to develop into 5 adulthood. Babies learn quickly. In the first 18 months of life, they use their senses—hearing, sight, smell, taste and 6 to understand the world around them. Talking to and playing with babies helps their brains grow. Teenagers have brains that are full-sized but still under development, 7 the part at the front left of the brain. This part controls behaviour and decision-making. Sport, studying and 8 activities help us improve it. An adult brain can play, solve problems and make decisions better than a teenage one can. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. E 4. B 5. D 6. C 7. B 8. E 【导语】本文介绍了人类大脑的独特之处、结构功能，以及大脑在人生不同阶段的发展特点，还提到了促进大脑发展的相关方式。 1. 句意：人类的脑力发明了艺术、语言、文学、机器和音乐等事物。此处与art、language、literature、music并列，指人类的发明创造，备选词machines“机器”符合语境，故填D。 2. 句意：就在这个月，科学家发现，在冷水中游泳可以修复人类大脑的损伤。结合“repair”（修复）可知，此处指“损伤”，备选词damage“损伤、损害”符合语境，故填A。 3. 句意：每个脑半球控制着身体的对侧。根据后文“The right hemisphere controls the left side of the body”可知，左右脑控制身体的“对侧”，备选词opposite“相反的、对面的”符合语境，故填E。 4. 句意：右脑控制身体的左侧，帮助你识别面孔、图像和音乐。结合“faces, images and music”可知，右脑的功能是“识别”这些事物，备选词recognize“识别、认出”符合语境，故填B。 5. 句意：我们的大脑会一直发育到成年早期。此处修饰名词adulthood，需用形容词，结合“Babies learn quickly”“Teenagers have brains that are full-sized but still under development”的发展顺序，可知大脑发育持续到“成年早期”，备选词early“早期的”符合语境，故填D。 6. 句意：在出生后的18个月里，他们利用自己的感官——听觉、视觉、嗅觉、味觉和触觉——来理解周围的世界。此处与hearing、sight、smell、taste并列，指人体感官，备选词touch“触觉”符合语境，故填C。 7. 句意：青少年的大脑已经发育到正常大小，但仍在发育中，尤其是大脑左前方的部分。此处强调突出大脑特定区域的发育情况，备选词especially“尤其、特别”符合语境，故填B。 8. 句意：运动、学习和创造性活动有助于我们改善它。此处修饰名词activities，结合大脑左前方区域控制行为和决策的功能，“创造性”活动能促进其发展，备选词creative“创造性的”符合语境，故填E。 18 / 18乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $单元核心语法精练 Unit 1 Teenage life （新教材沪教版五四学制） （连系动词） 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 解题综合提升 思维导图梳理了连系动词的两大板块：一是系动词的分类（状态 be、感官 look/sound/smell/taste/feel、变化 become/get/turn/grow、持续 keep/stay/remain、表象 seem/appear）；二是系动词的用法（后接形容词或名词作表语、无被动语态、与实义动词的区别、主动表被动）。帮助区分系动词与实义动词，避免误用副词作表语。 语法模块 具体内容 结构 / 规则 典型例句及翻译 一、系动词的分类 状态系动词 be (am/is/are/was/were) 后接名词、形容词、介词短语 She is happy. 感官系动词 look/sound/smell/taste/feel 后只接形容词 The music sounds wonderful. 变化系动词 become/get/turn/grow 表示逐渐变化 The leaves turn yellow. 持续/保持类 keep/stay/remain 保持某种状态 keep quiet; stay healthy 表象系动词 seem/appear 看起来、似乎 He seems unhappy. 二、系动词的用法 后接表语 系动词+形容词/名词，绝不可用副词 ✗ The music sounds wonderfully. 无被动语态 系动词没有被动语态，多数无进行时 The flower looks beautiful. 系vs实义动词 系+形 与 实义动词+副 意义不同 He looks tired. / He looks carefully. 主动表被动 某些词表内在属性时主动表被动 The book sells well. 使用注意事项 1. 系动词不能单独作谓语，必须后接表语（形容词、名词或介词短语），构成“主语 + 系动词 + 表语”结构，用来说明主语是什么、怎么样。 2. 系动词后必须用形容词（或名词）作表语，绝不能用副词；如 The music sounds wonderful.（√）／The music sounds wonderfully.（×）。 3. 系动词没有被动语态，也不能用于进行时（进行时一般用实义动词充当谓语）。 4. 区分系动词与实义动词：系动词 + 形容词（He looks tired. 他看起来累）；实义动词 + 副词（He looks carefully. 他仔细看）。 5. 变化系动词注意词义差别：become 表身份或状态变化（较正式）；get 多表情绪、天气的渐变；turn 专表颜色变化；grow 表逐渐成长、慢慢变化。 6. 某些实义动词（如 sell、write、read、wash）表示主语内在属性时可用主动形式表被动意义，如 The book sells well.（这本书很畅销）。 一、单项选择 1．The new silk scarf ________ very soft. I want to buy one for my mum. A．feels B．sounds C．smells D．looks 2．The fresh flowers in the park ________ sweet in spring. A．taste B．smell C．sound D．look 3．The weather ________ colder and colder these days. A．turns B．becomes C．gets D．grows 4．In autumn the grass ________ yellow and the trees lose their leaves. A．gets B．grows C．becomes D．turns 5．The little boy ________ a little nervous before the speech contest. A．seemed B．sounded C．smelled D．tasted 6．Please ________ quiet in the library. Everyone is reading. A．stay B．keep C．remain D．become 7．The light music ________ wonderful. Let's dance to it! A．looks B．feels C．sounds D．tastes 8．The dish ________ good but ________ terrible when I tried it. A．smells; sounds B．tastes; looks C．sounds; smells D．looks; tastes 9．This kind of book ________ well because it is really useful for students. A．sells B．is sold C．is selling D．sold 10．The soup ________ a little strange, so I didn't drink it. A．looks B．tastes C．seems D．becomes 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1．The little girl ________ (look) lovely in her new red skirt. 2．The fresh coffee ________ (smell) nice every morning. 3．The weather ________ (get) warmer and warmer when spring comes. 4．The leaves on the trees ________ (turn) red and yellow in October. 5．Yesterday he ________ (seem) very happy when he got the gift. 6．We should ________ (keep) our classroom clean and tidy every day. 7．The music ________ (sound) wonderful at the concert last night. 8．The silk ________ (feel) smooth and cool when you touch it. 9．She ________ (become) a famous singer after years of hard work. 10．The food ________ (taste) terrible because it had been left out too long. 三、按要求完成句子 1．她今天早上看起来不开心。 She ________ ________ this morning. 2．春天花园里的玫瑰花闻起来很香。 The roses in the garden ________ ________ in spring. 3．天气正变得越来越暖和。 The weather ________ ________ warmer and warmer. 4．这部电影听起来很精彩！ The movie ________ ________! 5．请保持我们的教室干净整洁。 Please ________ our classroom ________ ________. 6．他似乎很难相处。 He ________ ________ to get along with. 7．树叶在秋天变黄。 The leaves ________ yellow in autumn. 8．均衡饮食有助于我们保持健康。 A balanced diet helps us ________ ________. 9．（对划线部分提问）The music sounds wonderful. ________ ________ the music ________? 10．（对划线部分提问）The girl looks very beautiful in the red dress. ________ ________ the girl ________ in the red dress? 四、完形填空 Passage 1 Choose the best answer and complete the passage. In the 8th grade, our English teacher required everyone to practise public speaking in front of the class. Each time, I would practise on the way to school the day before, and rehearse before my turn came. The first few times, my 1 was shaking, my hands were sweating, and I even forgot parts of my speech. As time went on, I became less nervous and gained more 2 as a speaker, especially when I saw my classmates become 3 in my talk. Now, I feel 4 about speaking to a crowd, even in English. I always prepare my speeches well, and I don’t get as nervous as I used to. I have learned that with enough 5 , everyone can become a better speaker step by step. So if you want to 6 well in public, just practise more. 1．A．voice B．heart C．hand D．face 2．A．confidence B．courage C．patience D．energy 3．A．interested B．surprised C．disappointed D．worried 4．A．confident B．nervous C．lonely D．proud 5．A．practice B．luck C．money D．time 6．A．speak B．listen C．read D．sing Passage 2 Parents feel that it is difficult to live with teenagers. Then again, teenagers have 1 feelings about their parents saying that it isn’t easy living with them. According to recent research, the most common 2 between parents and teenagers is that regarding untidiness and daily routine tasks. On the one hand, parents go mad over 3 rooms, clothes thrown on the floor and their children’s refusal to help with the housework. On the other hand, teenagers lose their patience continually when parents blame them for 4 the towels in the bathroom, not cleaning up their room or not doing the shopping at the supermarket. The research, conducted by St. George University, shows that different parents have different ways of addressing these problems. However, some ways are more successful than others. For example, those parents who shout at their children for their untidiness, but 5 clean the room for them, have fewer chances of changing their children’s behavior. On the contrary, those who let teenagers experience the 6 of their actions can do better. For example, when teenagers who don’t help their parents with the shopping don’t find their favourite drink in the refrigerator, they are forced to reconsider their actions. 1. A．natural B．strong C．guilty D．similar 2. A．interest B．argument C．link D．topic 3. A．noisy B．crowded C．messy D．locked 4. A．washing B．using C．dropping D．replacing 5. A．later B．slowly C．seldom D．completely 6. A．failures B．changes C．results D．surprises Passage 3 选择最恰当的选项完成短文。 Emily was a teenager and lived with her parents. She and her best friend, Kim, found out that their favorite band would give a concert in their town on Friday night. They really wanted to go, but they didn’t think their parents would agree. Emily explained to her parents that she wanted to go to the concert with Kim, but they thought that she was too young to go without 1 . Emily told Kim that she could not go to the concert, but her friend’s answer was a real 2 to Emily. Kim told her mum she would study with friends on Friday. “I really do not want to be dishonest with my parents,” Emily told her friend. “Oh, 3 acting like a little kid! Everyone lies,” Kim replied. But Emily was not so sure. She thought that honesty was very important. Emily never felt comfortable lying, and her parents always told her that it was wrong. On Thursday, Kim invited Emily over to her house to watch a movie after school. When they got there, Kim and her mother got into a fight. Emily realized that Kim lied to her mother 4 and her mother did not trust her. Emily had to go back home. As she walked home, she remembered that Kim always told her how terrible her relationship with her mother was. Kim thought her mother did not understand her, but Emily thought maybe Kim’s mother was just 5 Kim being dishonest with her. Emily decided she would not lie to her parents about the concert. There would be lots of concerts in the future, but they were the only Parents she would ever have. She knew it was better to honor them and help them because her parents trusted her, let her do 6 of the things that she wanted to do, and she really preferred it that way. 1. A．teachers B．friends C．adults D．relatives 2. A．promise B．impression C．experience D．surprise 3. A．continue B．stop C．enjoy D．hate 4. A．all the time B．at the same time C．for the time being D．ahead of time 5. A．fond of B．satisfied with C．used to D．tired of 6. A．none B．few C．most D．all 五、短文填空 Passage 4 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。请将答案写到答题卡指定位置。 In our daily life, the use of electronic (电子的) products influences teenagers a lot. On the one hand, electronic products allow us to communicate with others 1 (easy). On the other hand, screen time may lead to different health 2 (problem), such as sleep disorders and tiredness. So, we should try to use the products properly. Here is my friend Lucy’s example. My friend Lucy used to have over 500 online friends. 3 , she was very lonely in her real life. Her parents advised her 4 (join) a local basketball team instead of spending too much time on the screen. She started to spend real time with her teammates. Surprisingly, she became so interested in the team activities that she 5 (hard) thought about her online world. So far, she 6 (make) great progress in her social life, which has brought her a lot of 7 (happy) and relaxing moments. 8 excited she is! She truly feels that the joy of teamwork and face-to-face friendship in real life gives her many special feelings that she never 9 (have) online. She now feels much 10 (happy) and more confident than before. We must remember that electronic products are a powerful tool, but we had better use them wisely in our daily life. Passage 5 If you are a parent of a child or a teenager, you should know the social psychologist (心理学家) Jonathan Haidt and his very popular book, The Anxious Generation. The book says that over the past 15 years, the rise of smartphones and social media (媒体) 1 (change) young people’s brains. The Anxious Generation has had 2 big influence, and it has led to laws in the USA that limit (限制) phone use in schools. As a parent of a 10-year-old and a 14-year-old, I can say that in almost 10 years, there has not been a week without 3 (get) into fights about technology and its uses. These include iPhones, video games, social media, and YouTube. 4 these technologies are not all bad, they make people 5 (want) to use them all the time. And there are not enough rules about them. So people use them in ways 6 hurt themselves. Young people’s study and making 7 (friend) are both hurt. It is fun to have the world on your phone. My kid learned to make pizza from online videos. I like watching my favorite writers’ interviews online too. But when people only watch things online instead 8 doing things in real life, problems grow. For many people, the balance (平衡) between online and real life is broken. What is especially great about The Anxious Generation is that it makes people think more 9 (careful) about the products that shape their daily lives. It helps people 10 (well) fight the bad influence of the online world than before. Passage 6 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空（必要时可加情态动词或助动词） Dear Emma, Your problem is like a circle. The harder you study, the 1 (little) time you have to make friends and the less 2 (friend) you look to your classmates. The fewer friends you have, the harder you study to make 3 (you) feel better. Try to break this bad circle. Perhaps you are afraid 4 (meeting) new people, because you are too shy or too serious. But you are actually not. Everyone has a fun side in his or her character. Push your shy side away and show your classmates how fun you can be. Look at your classmates. 5 (be) there any people with whom you feel you have a lot in common? 6 (one), smile at your classmates. Do this as often as 7 (you) can, until your classmates become used to your smile and smile in return. Next, talk to your classmates. Do this between classes or during your lunch break. You may find it easier 8 (start) by 9 (talk) to people when they are alone. Perhaps you could ask a classmate about your studies. They are likely to respond (回答) in a very positive way. People like to feel that they are 10 (importance) and helpful to others. There must be someone else in your class who is also quiet. It might be easier to try to talk with him or her. Your problem is mainly about confidence. Smile first, talk next and slowly you will make friends. Once you have more confidence, you can make as many friends as you want. Editor 六、选词填空 Passage 7 A．damage   B．need   C． choice   D．continued   E. sank When I was a child, I didn’t have a lot of toys and often felt lonely. For a while, my best friend was a tree branch. I’d pick  it up in a park. I took it everywhere with me. Our neighbor thought it was just another piece of firewood. Before I could stop him, he broke it in half. I lost my friend, and my heart 1 .    I 2 to love trees as I grew older. We talked. On stormy days, they seemed to scold me with their swaying branches. Later, when the winds died down, they would calm and come to comfort me.     The maple (枫树) in my front yard was already a teenager when I moved in. Over the next forty years, it grew into a big tree with a thick trunk. We went through many seasons together. Then, last summer, I got some bad news: The tree was sick. It could break during a storm and fall directly on my house. This would cause a lot of 3 . The government said the tree had to come down. There was no 4 . A．alive   B．hated   C． decided   D．connect   E. death I told our neighbors about this, and to my surprise, most of them felt the same way I did. They all 5 to see it go. Jen, an artist, said she was often inspired (赋予灵感) by the play of light and shadow across her window as the branches moved and swayed.     As word spread, another neighbor, Lynne, suggested that we have a farewell group hug. On our last evening, we gathered around the maple and held hands. We thanked it for being with us for so many years. It was wonderful to 6 with these people who had shared the tree with me all that time. What were we upset about? The loss of a beloved friend? The passing of time? That 7 is an inescapable (无法逃避的) part of life? Maybe it was all of these things. I’ve kept two pieces of the trunk, and the stump (树桩) now holds some flower pots. For sure, the old maple will always be 8 in my heart. Passage 8 Choose the proper words in the box to complete the following passage. Each can be used only once (选择最恰当的选项填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次) (每题只有一个正确选项) A．damage B．recognize C． organize D．machines E. opposite What makes humans and our animal relatives different? A big beautiful brain. Human brain power has invented things such as art, language, literature, 1 and music. The list goes on, but there is still much we don’t know about the brain. Just this month, scientists discovered that swimming in cold water could repair 2 to human brains. The brain has two connected parts called hemispheres (脑半球). Each one controls the 3 side of the body. The right hemisphere controls the left side of the body and helps you 4 faces, images and music. The left hemisphere controls the right side of the body and focuses on language, logical (逻辑的) thinking and maths.       A．action B．especially C． touch D．early E creative Our brain continues to develop into 5 adulthood. Babies learn quickly. In the first 18 months of life, they use their senses—hearing, sight, smell, taste and 6 to understand the world around them. Talking to and playing with babies helps their brains grow. Teenagers have brains that are full-sized but still under development, 7 the part at the front left of the brain. This part controls behaviour and decision-making. Sport, studying and 8 activities help us improve it. An adult brain can play, solve problems and make decisions better than a teenage one can. 9 / 10乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $