必修一 Unit 4-【创新教程】2027年高考英语艺考生文化课百日冲关课时作业

艺考生文化课百日冲关英语 5.A[下文“A whole-foods-based diet provides your body with the building blocks needed to repair muscles and promote recovery,setting off the right changes in your body between workouts..(以全食物为基础的饮食能为你 的身体提供修复肌肉和促进恢复所需的物质，在锻炼间 隙引发身体的正确变化。)”强调了饮食营养对恢复的重 要性。A选项“Don't skip nutritional recovery.(不要忽 视营养恢复。)”引出下文关于营养方面的内容，是本段 中心句。 Ⅲ，[语篇解读]本文介绍了太极拳发源地陈家沟的习练 盛况，以及太极拳在全球的传播与文化价值 1.parting[考查非谓语动词。句意：在河南省陈家沟村， 无数的手臂缓缓抬起，宛如云朵缓缓散开。空格用动名 词作介词like的宾语。] 2.were考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：数百名太极 拳练习者中既有本地人也有游客。根据上文的extended 和下文的traveled可知，本句时态为一般过去时，主语是 复数practitioners,所以be动词用复数were。 3.specifically[考查副词。句意：为了参加周六举行的首 届“国际太极拳日”活动，他们特意从数千英里之外专程 赶到了这项武术运动的发源地。修饰动作“远道而来”， 需要副词，此处表示“专门地”，用形容词specific的副词 形式specifically。 4.for考查介词。句意：同上。填介词for表目的，意为 “为了参加首个国际太极日活动”。 5.the考查冠词。句意：这种场景在中国各地每天都在 不断上演，在那里目前中国习练太极拳的人数约为7860 万。根据下文的is可知，此处用固定搭配the number of 表示“……的数量”，作主语时谓语动词用单数。] 6.which[考查定语从句。句意：他们学习训练方法，探 讨太极拳的哲学内涵，并记录下自己的太极拳修炼历 程。而在很多情况下，这些历程的终点都会是陈家沟。 分析句式结构可知，此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词 是journeys,位于介词of后，指代物，用关系代词 which。] 7.strength [考查名词。句意：它将关注点从外部力量转 向了内在意识。形容词external后需要名词，此处表示 “外在力量”，用形容词strong的名词形式strength。] 8.deeper [考查形容词比较级。句意：他们通过实践来追 求健康，但在这个过程中往往会有所顿悟。隐含比较意 义，指在过程中收获了比健康更深刻的东西，用deep的 比较级。」 9.to create[考查不定式。句意：在17世纪，陈王廷将古 代《易经》中的原理与道家的呼吸法相结合，创立了这一 武术流派。此处作目的状语，意为“整合这些理论和技 巧来创造太极拳”，用不定式。 l0.is grounded L考查动词时态语态。句意：其实践遵循 平衡与动态流动的原则，因此适合各个年龄段以及各种 身体状况的人群。固定搭配be grounded in表示“以 …为基础”，主语practice是不可数名词，一般现在时， 故填is grounded。] UNIT 4 I,[语篇解读]这是一篇说明文。研究人员发现， GL)F,即冰川湖溃决洪水，对人类生命造成很大威胁。文 章对此进行了介绍。 l.C「细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“When Lake Pal cacocha,a glacial(冰山的)lake in Peru,suddenly burst in 1941,releasing 8 to 10 million cubic meters of water, the resulting flood killed an estimated 6,000 people,and the water destroyed about a third of the town Huaraz 23 kilometers away..(1941年，秘鲁的冰川湖帕尔卡科查湖 突然决堤，释放出800万至]000万立方米的水，由此产 生的洪水造成约6000人死亡，洪水摧毁了23公里外的 瓦拉斯镇约三分之一的土地。)”和第二句中的“That town has been rebuilt in the same location,and now it's more populous..That's particularly scary(那个城镇在同 一地点重建，现在人口更多了。这特别可怕)”可知，瓦 拉斯在原来的地方重建这一，点让罗宾逊觉得很可怕。 故选C。」 2.A [细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“And then there's Bhutan,where the number of people who would be af- fected by a GLOF is low compared with larger countries, but it's a high percentage of the population,(然后是不 ·37 丹，与大国相比，不丹受GI)F影响的人数较少，但占人 口的比例很高。)”可知，不丹与比较大的国家相比，如果 GIOF爆发受影响的人数占人口的比例很高。故选A。] 3.B[词句猜测题。根据第三段第二句中的“growing populations move closer to them(不断增长的人口向它们 靠近)”和第三句中的“Restricting climate change will help slow the growth of glacial lakes(限制气候变化将有 助于减缓冰川湖的增长)”可知，此处是指随着冰川消 退，所以recede意为“减少，消退”。故选B。] 4.A[主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句“As the team reported in Nature Communications,they found that about 15 million people worldwide are exposed to poten- tial GLOF impacts.(正如研究小组在《自然通讯》上报告 的那样，他们发现全球约有1500万人受到潜在的 GLOF影响。)”可知，文章主要是讲GLOF对人类生命 构成威胁。故选A。 Ⅱ.[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了佐治亚 大学的五名女学生驾车途中看到一辆车落水，她们果断展 开救援，最终使三名乘客获救，五名女生也因此获得学校 表彰， 1.D「考查动词词义辨析。句意：这群学生接近了布里尔 溪大桥，看到了一些奇怪的东西 一桥下有一团尘土， 还有一道白光闪过。A.designed设计；B.attacked攻击； C,removed移除；D.approached接近。根据前文“After turning along Murray Hill Road'”可知学生们正在沿道路 行驶，结合后文看到桥下的状况，说明此时是接近大桥 时看到的。门 2.B[考查动词短语辨析。句意：“我们转弯，下了山到了 那个地方，然后很快靠边停车，就在这时我们看到一辆 白色的汽车正在沉入水中。”学生之一莫莉·麦科勒姆 说。A.took off起飞，脱下；B.pulled over靠边停车；C, worked out解决，算出；D.kept up保持。根据前文“We turned,went down this hill to that area”可推知，学生们 要去救援落水车辆，所以到了那个地方后，先得靠边停 车，才能展开后续行动。」 3.A[考查副词词义辨析。句意：“我们转弯，下了山到了 那个地方，然后很快靠边停车，就在这时我们看到一辆 白色的汽车正在沉入水中。”学生之一莫莉·麦科勒姆 说。A.underwater在水中；B.overhead在头顶上；C.on- board在船上；D.beforehand预先。根据前文“a white car sinking”可知，车正在水中下沉。 4.C[考查动词词义辨析。句意：麦科物姆补充说，她最 初对自己所看到的感到震惊，她说她知道她必须介入并 做，点什么。A.blamed责备；B.concluded得出结论； C.added补充说：D.whispered低语。前文莫莉描述了看 到车落水的情景，这里进一步阐述自己当时的感受，属 于补充说的内容。 5,BL考查动词短语辨析。句意：麦科勒姆补充说，她最 初对自己所看到的感到震惊，她说她知道她必须介入并 做，点什么。A,break in闯入；B.step in介入，千预； C.hang on坚持；D.carry on继续。由后文“and do something about the situation”明确了麦科勒姆要对车落 水这件事做，点什么，那就是介入救援。 6.C[考查动词词义辨析。句意：学生们接着跳出车，冲 向三名乘客一一位母亲和两个孩子。A.struggled挣 扎；B.hesitated犹豫；C.proceeded接着做，继续做 D.preferred更喜欢。前文表明麦科勒姆觉得要介入救 援，紧接着“to jump out of their car and rush toward the three passengers'”说明学生们采取了行动，也就是接着跳 出车去救援。] 7,D[考查名词词义辨析。句意：两名学生下水将受害者 带到安全地带，而其他学生则收集物资并呼叫紧急救援 人员。A.kids孩子；B.witnesses目击者；C.companions 同伴；D.victims受害者。根据前文“a mom and two kds”处于汽车落水的危险情境以及后文学生对其展开 救援可知，他们是此次事故的受害者。 8.DL考查名词词义辨析。句意：两名学生下水将受害者 带到安全地带，而其他学生则收集物资并呼叫紧急救援 人员。A.service服务；B.health健康；C.media媒体； D.emergency紧急情况。从前面描述汽车落水且有人需 要救援的情况，可判断这是一个紧急事件，所以要呼叫 紧急救援人员。 6 9.C[考查形容词词义辨析。句意：看到一个孩子失去了 意识，一名学生运用她的救生员技能立即对他进行了心 肺复苏术。A.miserable痛苦的；B.hopeless绝望的； C,unconscious无意识的；D.nervous紧张的。根据常识 和后文“one student put her lifeguard skills to the test by performing CPR(心肺复苏术)on him”可知，做心肺复苏 术是针对心脏停止跳动的人，所以孩子应该是处于无意 识的状态。 10.A[考查副词词义辨析。句意：这是最糟糕的情况，但 不知怎的，一分钟内，孩子开始有反应了。A.somehow 不知怎么地；B.somewhat有，点；C.anywhere任何地方； D.anyway不管怎样。前文“a worst-case situation”说明 情况糟糕且孩子无意识需要做心肺复苏，后文“within a minute,the kid began.. ”说孩子最终有反应了，这个转 变有些意外，所以用“不知怎么地”合适。] 11.C[考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是最槽糕的情况，但 不知怎的，一分钟内，孩子开始有反应了。A.weeping哭 泣；B.shaking摇晃：C.responding有反应；D.reflecting 反映。因为前文进行了心肺复苏的抢救，结合“within a minute”这个时间，点，可推出孩子开始有反应了。」 12.A[考查动词词义辨析。句意：伯克县警长办公室表 示，此次事件三名幸存者被紧急送往医院，第二天他们 被允许出院。A.rushed急忙送，仓促运送；B.turned转 动；C,pressed按压；D.directed指导。鉴于前文描述的 是汽车落水这样的紧急救援场景，三名幸存者肯定要被 急忙送往医院。 13.B考查动词词义辨析。句意：伯克县警长办公室表 示，此次事件的三名幸存者被紧急送往医院，第二天他 们被允许出院。A,liberated解放；B.permitted允许； C.motivated激励；D.recorded记录。根据后文“to leave the hospital the next day”可知，是医院允许他们出院。] 14.B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：参与救援的五名女学 生获得了佐治亚大学的表彰。A.provided提供；B.hon- ored给予荣蓉，表彰；C,loaded装载；D.equipped装备。 后文提到“with an award”,说明五名女生因为救援行为 获得了学校给予的奖项，也就是受到了表彰。 15.D[考查动词词义辨析。句意：“英雄”这个词常用来 描述体育明星和其他人，但这五个人真正体现了英雄主 义的含义。A.dominates统治；B.facilitates促进；C.re leases释放；D.demonstrates展示，体现。前文详细描述 了五名女生勇敢救援的事迹，她们的这一系列行为展示 了英雄主义的内涵。」 Ⅲ，[语篇解读]本文为说明文。主要讲述今年二月全球 海冰覆盖面积达到了历史最低点。 1.consequences 考查名词复数。句意：世界变暖的后果 之一是海冰融化，两极创纪录或接近纪录的低海冰覆盖 率将全球海冰覆盖率推到了历史最低水平。这里考查 “one of the十可数名词复数”，表示“…之一”。故填 consequences。 2.n[考查介词。句意：萨曼莎·伯吉斯在一份声明中 说。这里考查in a statement,为固定搭配，意为“在声明 中”。故填in。」 3.rose L考查时态。句意：根据欧盟气候服务机构哥白尼 的数据，今年2月全球平均气温比工业平均气温高出 1.59°C,成为有记录以来第三温暖的2月。此空考查谓 语动词，主语Global average temperatures与rise为主动 关系，在根据时间状语in February of this year可知，这 里用一般过去时，rise的过去式为rose。故填rose。] 4.making[考查非谓语动词。句意：根据欧盟气候服务 机构哥白尼的数据，今年2月全球平均气温比工业平均 气温高出1.59C,成为有记录以来第三温暖的2月。此 空考查非谓语，由语境可知，应用现在分词作结果状语。 故填making。」 5.which[考查定语从句。句意：这些高温影响了全球海 冰范围，其中包括目前海冰接近年度最大值的北极和南 极。此空考查非限制性定语从句，先行词global sea ice extent,指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引 导。故填which。 6.roughly[考查副词。句意：在北极，整个2月海冰面积 比平均水平低8%，缺失的冰层面积大致相当于英国的 大小。此处作状语应用副词oughly,表示“大致地”。故 填roughly。」 ·37 参考答案 7.to set[考查非谓语动词。句意：这是北极连续第三个 月创下新的月度纪录低，点。名词month被序数词third 修饰，应用不定式作后置定语，表示“连续第三个做某事 的月份”。故填to set。] 8.Seen「考查非谓语动词。句意：从过去两年的情况来 看，北半球的这种下降与南极海冰的长期减少相结合。 此空考查非谓语，decline与see为被动关系（被观察到）， 再由语境可知，应用过去分词作状语，且位于句首时首 字母应大写。故填Seen。」 9.northern[考查形容词。句意：从过去两年的情况来 看，北半球的这种下降与南极海冰的长期减少相结合。 修饰名词hemisphere用形容词northern,northern hemi- sphere,意为“北半球”。故填northern。 10.but/yet考查连词。句意：去年12月，南极海冰似乎 恢复到接近平均水平，但随后文迅速下降。分析句子结 构可知，前后句为转折关系，应用连词but或yet。故填 but/yet。 UNIT 5 I,[语篇解读]本文是-一篇说明文。主要介绍了一项新 的研究，该研究表明说多种语言可能对儿童的执行功能有 益，特别是对于惠有自闭症谱系障碍的儿童。 l.B[主旨大意题。根据第二段“The study,published in Autism Research,looked at 116 children aged 7 through 12.Of those,53 had autism spectrum disorder and 63 did not,though 4 children were later excluded.Twenty-one of the children with ASD spoke more than one language, and 35 of the typically developing children were multilin gual(讲多种语言的)，Most of the multilingual children spoke English and Spanish,though some spoke Portu guese,Hebrew,French,Japanese or Bulgarian in addi- tion to English.(这项发表在《自闭症研究》杂志上的研 究对116名7至12岁的儿童进行了调查。 其中，53人 患有自闭症谱系障碍，63人没有，尽管有4名儿童后来 被排除在外。21名患有自闭症谱系障碍的儿童会说一 种以上的语言，35名正常发育的儿童会说多种语言。大 多数会说多种语言的儿童会说英语和西班牙语，不过除 了英语之外，有些儿童还会说葡萄牙语、希伯来语、法 语、日语或保加利亚语。)”可知，本段主要介绍了参与这 项研究的儿童的基本情况，即这项研究的参与者。」 2.B[词句猜测题。划线词上文“The multilingual chil- dren all demonstrated better executive function than their counterparts who spoke just one language,regardless of whether,they were on the autism spectrum,（无论是否患 有自闭症谱系障碍，会说多种语言的儿童在执行功能方 面都比只说一种语言的同龄人表现得更好。)”指出讲多 种语言的儿童在执行功能上比讲一种语言的好：结合划 线词所在句中“in multilingual kids with ASD(在患有自 闭症谱系障碍的多语种儿童中)”以及下文“These kids had much better self-control than those who only spoke one language and had asd.(这些孩-子比那些只会说一 种语言并患有自闭症的孩子有更好的自我控制能力。)” 可知，划线词所在句子指的是“但是这种效果在患有自 闭症谱系障碍的多语种儿童中更为明显”，salient的意思 是“更明显的，更显著的”，和B项“Noticeable.(明显的)” 意思相近。 3.C「推理判断题。根据第四段中“These kids had much better self-control than those who only spoke one lan- guage and had ASD.(这些孩子比那些只会说一种语言 并患有自闭症的孩子有更好的自我控制能力。)”以及第 六段中“If you have to balance two languages,you have to control one in order to use the other,'said Lucina Uddin,who was a professor at the University of Miami during the research.'That's the idea.The ability to stop yourself from doing something might be strengthened by knowing two languages.'(‘如果你必须平衡两种语言， 你必须控制一种语言，才能使用另一种语言，’研究期间 在迈阿密大学任教的露西娜·乌丁(Lucina Uddin)教授 表示：‘这就是我们的观点。掌握两种语言可能会增强 人们自我控制行为的能力，使自己不再去做某些事 情。’)”可推知，会说多种语言的儿童自控能力更好。 4.D[推理判断题。根据最后一段“Encouraging multilin- gualism at home could benefit kids with autism spectrum disorders,the researchers conclude,and could even pro00 艺考生文化课百日冲关英语 基础必备 必修第一册 课时 作业 UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS 1.阅读理解 change will help slow the growth of glacial [话题冰川湖溃决洪水] lakes,but each location varies in geology and When Lake Palcacocha,a glacial(冰山的) politics,requiring a different combination of lake in Peru,suddenly burst in 1941,releasing early warning systems,engineering solutions, 8 to 10 million cubic meters of water,the resul- and land-use planning."There's no single solu- ting flood killed an estimated 6,000 people,and tion,and what is appropriate in one location the water destroyed about a third of the town may not work in another,"Robinson says.His Huaraz 23 kilometers away."That town has team's goal is to help focus research efforts on been rebuilt in the same location,and now it's the most potentially dangerous glacial lakes, more populous.That's particularly scary, and to show that those lakes won't burst. says Robinson,a disaster risk specialist in New Zealand.This example shows how the danger 1.What does Robinson think especially scary? from such glacial lake outburst floods (or A.A glacial lake will be a popular destina GLOFs)isn't just a physical disaster,but va- tion. ries with the local population level and the B.Government support worsens GLOF effects. availability of government support in the re- C.Huaraz has been rebuilt in its original place. gion.Robinson and his colleagues have used D.The burst of Lake Palcacocha can't be pre- satellite data to identify 1,089 river basins con- dicted. taining glacial lakes globally.As the team re- 2.How does Bhutan differ from larger countries ported in Nature Communications,they found in case of a GLOF burst? that about 15 million people worldwide are ex- A.A large percentage of the population will posed to potential GLOF impacts. be affected. The high mountain regions of the Himala- B.The government is ready to make timely yas are well known for GLOFs,but the team response to it. found similar dangers in the Andes,although C.Many studies and predictions have been there are relatively fewer studies of that region. made about it. And then there's Bhutan,where the number of D.People are usually relocated in a safe place people who would be affected by a GLOF is low compared with larger countries,but it's a high after a burst. percentage of the population."The way to 3.What does the underlined word“recede”in think about that is,if you have a GLOF,how Paragraph 3 mean? many people have you got to respond?In Bhu- A.Continue. B.Decrease. tan,you could have a single GLOF that affects C.Clear. D.Accumulate. a large proportion of the country,Robinson 4.What can be a suitable title for the text? says. A.GLOFs Form a Threat to Human Life GLOFs are tightly linked to climate B.Men React Actively to GLOF Bursts change.But as glaciers recede,growing popu- C.Glacial Lakes Face Mixed Solutions lations move closer to them.Restricting climate D.Researchers Hold Back GLOF Bursts 281 班级： 姓名： 学号： [答题栏] Ⅱ.完形填空 1.A.designed B.attacked 1 [话题救落水乘客] C.removed D.approached Five girl students of the University of Georgia 2.A.took off B.pulled over ----2.were driving from Athens to Savannah for a weekend C.worked out D.kept up celebration.After turning along Murray Hill Road the 3.A.underwater B.overhead 3.group of students 1 the Brier Creek bridge and C.onboard D.beforehand 4 saw something odd-a dust cloud below the bridge 4.A.blamed B.concluded II with a flash of white light. C.added D.whispered "We turned,went down this hill to that area and 5.A.break in B.step in 2 super fast before we just saw a white car sinking 2.3,"said Molly McCollum,one of the students. C.hang on D.carry on 6.A.struggled B.hesitated 3 McCollum 4 that she was originally in shock C.proceeded D.preferred at what she was seeing,saying she knew she had to 4.5 and do something about the situation.The 7.A.kids B.witnesses students 6 to jump out of their car and rush to- C.companions D.victims 5 ward the three passengers,a mom and two kids.Two 8.A.service B.health C.media D.emergency 6 of the students entered the water to get the 7 to safety --while the others gathered supplies and called for 8 9.A.miserable B.hopeless 7 responders. C.unconscious D.nervous Seeing a kid 9 one student put her lifeguard 10.A.somehow B.somewhat -8.skills to the test by performing CPR(心肺复苏术)on C.anywhere D.anyway 9 him immediately.It was a worstcase situation but 11.A.weeping B.shaking 10,within a minute,the kid began 11.The C.responding D.reflecting 10 Burke County Sheriff's Office said all three survivors 12.A.rushed B.turned of the incident were 12 to a hospital and that they C.pressed D.directed 11 were 13 to leave the hospital the next day. 13.A.liberated B.permitted 12 The five girl students who took part in the rescue C.motivated D.recorded were 14 with an award from the University of 14.A.provided B.honored 13 Georgia.The term "hero"is often used to describe C.loaded D.equipped sports stars and others but these five truly 15 15.A.dominates B.facilitates 14 what heroism is. C.releases D.demonstrates 6 Ⅲ.语法填空 annual maximum,and the Antarctic.The satel- [话题全球海冰覆盖面积达到了历史最低点] lite record for both regions extends back to There was less sea ice covering the oceans 1979.In the Arctic,sea ice remained at 8 per- in February of this year than at any other point cent below average throughout February,miss- on record."One of the 1. (conse- ing an area of ice 6. (rough)the size quence)of a warmer world is melting sea ice, of the UK.This was the third consecutive and the record or near-record low sea ice cover month 7. (set)a new monthly record at both poles has pushed global sea ice cover to low in the Arctic. an all-time minimum,"said Samantha Burgess 2. 8 a statement.Global average tem- (see)over the past two years, peratures in February of this year 3. this decline in the 9. (north)hemi- (rise)1.59C above the per-industrial average, sphere(半球)has combined with a longer-term 4. (make)it the third-warmest Febru- decline in Antarctic sea ice.Antarctic sea ice ary on record,according to the European seemed to recover to near average levels in De- Union's climate service Copernicus. cember of last year 10. it then rapidly These high temperatures impacted the declined again.In February,the ice reached its global sea ice extent,5. includes both fourth-lowest extent on record for the month, the Arctic,where sea ice is currently near its remaining 26 percent below average. ·282·