第一次月考自编模拟卷（深圳卷）2026-2027学年八年级英语上册（沪教版）

**基本信息** 深圳八年级英语月考试卷，以成长故事、文化科技与本土人物为情境，融合语言能力与思维品质，覆盖基础词汇、语法到篇章应用的能力梯度。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |完形填空|10题/10分|动词、形容词辨析及上下文理解|以听障学生成长故事渗透自信心培养，考察语言综合运用| |阅读理解|25题/40分|细节查找、推理判断、信息匹配|罗马数字文化、百科全书发展体现文化传承与科技认知，深圳学生科幻写作案例贴近本土生活| |语法填空|10题/10分|动词时态、名词、代词等语法点|以南仁东与FAST望远镜事迹为载体，考察语法在真实语境中的应用| |书面表达|1题/15分|人物介绍的内容组织与语言表达|以钱学森事迹为素材，培养家国情怀，要求整合信息并连贯表达|

绝密 启用前 2026-2027学年八年级上学期第一次月考(深圳卷) 英 语 本试卷共75分,考试时间70分钟。 注意事项: 1. 答卷前,考生务必在答题卡上用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔填写自己的考生号、姓名、试室号、座位号,再用2B铅笔把对应这两个号码的标号涂黑。 2. 选择题每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需要改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案。不能答在试卷上。 3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答,答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域的相应位置上;如需要改动,先划掉原来的答案,然后再写上新的答案,改动的答案也不能超出指定的区域;不准使用铅笔、圆珠笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 4. 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁,考试结束,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 选择题(50分) 一、完形填空(10分) 阅读下面短文, 从短文后所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将相应字母编号涂黑。(共 10 小题, 每小题1分) Do you believe that we can have an important influence on anyone we meet? The right words at just the right time could 1 someone’s life. When I was three years old, my parents found I was 2 . After asking many doctors and parents of other deaf children, they decided not to put me in a special school. Although I seemed outgoing (外向的), my self-esteem (自尊心) was quite low. On my first day at school, the other kids 3 me because of my hearing aid and the way I talked. I was hurt deeply and I saw myself as a(n) 4 kid. Mrs. Green, my 5 , changed all of that with a simple three-word phrase. One morning, she asked the class a question. Sitting at my desk silently, I 6 her lips and raised my hand right away. She called on me in front of the blackboard. I took a deep breath and 7 answered Mrs. Green’s question. I will 8 forget what happened next. Mrs. Green pointed directly at me. With sparkling eyes and a big smile, she cried: “That’s right, Ben!” For the first time in my young life, my confidence rose. At that moment, I decided that no matter how many 9 I may face, I can overcome (克服) them. Thanks to those three 10 words, my whole life changed from that moment. 1.A.end B.change C.lose D.express 2.A.blind B.ill C.fat D.deaf 3.A.made fun of B. took care of C.made friends with D.asked permission from 4.A.ugly B.smart C.handsome D.attractive 5.A.driver B.doctor C.teacher D.player 6.A.recorded B.touched C.reached D.read 7.A.nervously B.lazily C.carelessly D.proudly 8.A.often B.ever C.never D.seldom 9.A.aims B.difficulties C.interests D.choices 10.A.unkind B.bitter C.simple D.suitable 二、阅读理解(40分) 第一节 阅读下列短文, 从每小题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将相应字母编号涂黑。(共 15 小题, 每小题2分) A Do you know the numbers 0—9 well? They are Arabic numerals. People use them to mark numbers now. But it’s not the only number system that people use. About 2,500 years ago, people in Rome used their hands to count. In Roman numerals, one finger means 1, two fingers means 2, three fingers means 3, four fingers means 4. If you want to say five, you can keep your four fingers close on one side and your thumb on the other side. Make each of your hands be five, then you’ll have ten. So in Rome, the numbers are “I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X”. Also, “L” means fifty, “C” means one hundred. “D” means five hundred and “M” means one thousand. But there is no zero in Roman numerals. Today, few people use them because they are difficult to write and count. But we can still see them on some watches and clocks. Today, most people use the Arabic numerals. They are easy to remember and write. They help people to count things every day. In fact, Indians first created and used the Arabic numerals. In the late 8th century, people in Arabic countries learned about them. Then the Arabic people took them into Europe. So people in Europe called them Arabic numerals. Today, people around the world use Arabic numerals and they help a lot. 11.Which of the following means five in Roman numerals? A.L. B.M. C.V. D.X. 12.What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 2 mean? A.Arabic numerals. B.Watches and clocks. C.Zero. D.Roman numerals. 13.What do we know about Arabic numerals? A.People in Rome didn’t use them. B.Arabic people taught the Indians about them. C.Only Arabic people use them today. D.“0” means “zero” in Arabic numerals. 14.Why are there few people using Roman numerals today? A.Because they are not easy to write and count. B.Because there are no Romans anymore. C.Because the numbers look stupid. D.Because they are hard to remember. 15.In what order did the following things happen? a. Arabic people learned about Arabic numerals. b. Indians created Arabic numerals. c. Arabic people took Arabic numerals into Europe. d. People all over the world use Arabic numerals. A.b—c—a—d B.b—a—c—d C.d—b—a—c D.d—c—b—a B An encyclopedia is a special book or website that gathers knowledge about many different subjects. People have created encyclopedias for thousands of years. One of the oldest examples is Naturalis Historia by Pliny the Elder, written on parchment scrolls (羊皮卷) in Rome around 2,000 years ago. These early works were hand-copied, took years to make, and were so expensive that only scholars or rich people could own them. The 1700s saw major changes because of the use of the printing press (印刷机). Famous sets like Diderot’s Encyclopedia in France and Encyclopedia Britannica in Scotland were printed. This technology allowed many copies to be made, making encyclopedias easier to get to society, though they were still expensive. These books became valuable sources of information in homes, schools, and libraries. In the 1900s, new forms like microfilm (tiny photo film) and CD-ROMs (computer discs) appeared. They stored huge amounts of text and images, making encyclopedias much lighter and easier to carry than heavy book sets. However, the biggest change came with the internet. Free websites like Wikipedia (started in 2001) let anyone with a device find knowledge right away. Most importantly, they allow ordinary people worldwide to write, edit and update (给……增加最新信息) articles together—unlike traditional encyclopedias created only by experts. Today, online forms include videos and sounds and are available (可获得的) in many languages, keeping the ancient goal: to share knowledge with everyone globally. 16.Where was the earliest encyclopedia mentioned in this passage? A.In Rome. B.In France. C.In Scotland. D.On the internet. 17.Why could more people use printed encyclopedias in the 1700s? A.They had more pictures. B.They were free to schools. C.Printing machines produced more copies. D.They were smaller than handwritten ones. 18.What did CD-ROMs and microfilm do for encyclopedias? A.Made them free to use. B.Allowed online updates. C.Made them lighter to carry. D.Added less useful information. 19.How is Wikipedia different from traditional encyclopedias? A.It includes fewer topics. B.It cannot be updated once published. C.It has no articles in different languages. D.It has new information provided by ordinary people. 20.What is the main purpose of encyclopedias today according to the text? A.To help students study. B.To share knowledge widely. C.To save more ancient books. D.To introduce school textbooks. C In a classroom in Shenzhen, a young boy named Xu Weixuan often dreamed about the future. While his friends talked about games, Xu was busy creating stories about spaceships and faraway planets. No one knew that this quiet boy was about to become a young writer. It all started in primary school. Xu spent many hours after class writing. He filled notebook after notebook. His hard work finally paid off—a 260,000-word science fiction novel titled Meteor was published. One exciting day, a letter arrived. He had won a third-class prize in a national writing competition! This success brought great joy to him and showed that his dream was achievable. However, the road wasn’t always easy. He met difficulties finding the correct scientific facts. It was also hard to decide how the characters would solve problems on the Moon. During these moments, he turned to the internet for research, and his mother was always there with a cup of milk and encouraging words, helping him organize his thoughts. His curiosity grew beyond writing. He started learning about real space science and even won a prize in the National Youth Space Innovation (创新) Competition. This experience connected his imagination with real-world science, making his new book, Flying to the Moon, even richer. From a primary school student to a young writer, Xu Weixuan shows us that with love and hard work, we can also achieve our dreams. 21.What did Xu Weixuan like to do in his classroom at the beginning? A.Talk about games with his friends. B.Read stories about spaceships. C.Prepare for writing competitions. D.Create his own science fiction stories. 22.What achievement did Xu make in primary school? A.He won a national prize for his published novel. B.He finished reading a science fiction novel. C.He received a letter from his school. D.He made plans to become a space scientist. 23.What difficulties did Xu meet during his writing? A.He had no one to support his dream. B.He couldn’t solve the problems on the Moon. C.He failed to find information on the internet. D.He found it hard to check facts and describe stories. 24.Which of the following shows the structure of the passage? A.B. C. D. 25.What is the best title for the passage? A.A guide to writing science fiction novels B.A future plan for science research C.A boy and his science fiction novels D.A success in a space competition 第二节(每小题1分,共 5分 ) 以下是一则短文,请阅读短文,从六个句子中选择五个还原原文中,使原文的意思完整、连贯。 Have you ever counted the number of digits (数字) in your mobile phone number? Your number has eleven digits. 26 That’s because China has the longest mobile phone numbers in the world. Why is that? The eleven digits can be divided into three parts. 27 The first three numbers tell you which mobile phone service provider you are using. For example, 135 is for China Mobile Communication Corporation and 188 is for China Unicom. The fourth to the seventh digits tell you which areas the number is recorded in. And the last four digits are random (随机的). The main reason for using 11 digits is that we have the largest population in the world. We once had ten numbers. 28 So we began to use eleven digits starting from 1999. Eleven digits can be used to make tens of millions of mobile phone numbers. That’s enough for each person to have seven or eight phone numbers to use in China. 29 Usually, the service provider will reuse a canceled number after three to six months. Besides China, Britain and Japan also use 11-digit mobile phone numbers. 30 So they cannot create as many numbers as we can. Countries like the United States, Australia and India use mobile phone numbers with ten digits, Canadian mobile phone numbers are perhaps the world’s shortest: they use seven digits. A.Each part has a different meaning. B.But their numbers always start with 0. C.Also, mobile phone numbers can be recycled. D.The phone number ending with an eight is the most popular. E.You may sometimes find it hard to remember your number. F.But as our population grows, there are not enough numbers for us to use. 第三节 (每小题1分,共 5分 ) A-F六个选项分别是六则广告。请根据左栏五个人的状况,帮助他们选择最感兴趣的广告。 31 Kevin is interested in gardening. He is always free on Wednesdays. He wants to learn how to grow flowers in the garden. 32 Leo decided to take his children to a farm. The children want to learn how to be a farmer and how to ride a horse. 33 Dolly would like to be a volunteer on the farm. She hopes to have a picnic on the grass after work. 34 Tina is going to take her children to a zoo to learn more about animals in danger and have a picnic for lunch. 35 Mike wants to visit a zoo to see animals, enjoy coffee and have some Chinese food as well. A.Lighters City Farm has a garden full of flowers and other plants. If you want to learn gardening, you can join the gardening club on Wednesdays here. B.There are lots of beautiful animals in the Lifeng Zoo, even those ones in danger. Children can learn how to look after animals here. It is really a good place to spend the day and have a picnic with your family. C. For children, they can get a chance to be a farmer and learn how to look after animals and plants on the Deen City Farm. Children can learn farming and horse - riding skills. D.The tigers, pandas, lions, monkeys, elephants and giraffes are all popular in the Xingguang City Zoo. It offers coffee and you can try Chinese food, too. E. Woodlands Farm Trust gives visitors a chance to get close to birds, butterflies and wild flowers. There are many programs all year round. F. Vauxhall City Farm is home to horses, ducks, chickens and other animals. Volunteers are always welcome. It even has an area with grass for a picnic. 第二部分 非选择题(25分) 三、语法填空(每小题1分,共 10分 ) 阅读下面短文,根据文章大意用所给单词的适当形式填空(未提供单词的,限填一词),使文章意思完整,正确。 China has many heroes in science. Nan Rendong is one of them, who is well-known for his great 36 (achieve) in building the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Radio Telescope (FAST), the largest radio telescope (无线电望远镜) in the world. Nan Rendong spent over twenty years 37 (work) on this project. At first, he had to go to many faraway places across the country. Without good roads, he had to walk for several 38 (hour) to get to proper spots. When he 39 (meet) bad weather, like heavy rain and strong winds, he never complained. He faced lots of problems in his study. 40 , he never stopped trying. His efforts and determination led to his success. Nan was undoubtedly a man of great 41 (intelligent) and responsibility (责任心). He always thought about the project first. When there was a problem, he always came and helped with it 42 hesitation. He actually devoted 43 (he) to his career. Even after his death, people still remember him because he plays 44 important role in the development of science. His story tells us that if we keep trying, we will solve any problem. He is 45 (exact) the role model for us to follow. 四、书面表达(15分) 46.下面内容是从《百科全书》上摘取的关于中国科学家钱学森的介绍。请你根据提示,用英语写一篇关于钱学森的短文 1. 基本信息:中国科学家,1911年生于中国上海,2009年逝世。 2. 成长背景:1934年毕业于上海交通大学,后赴美留学,获博士学位;早年对航空工程和数学兴趣浓厚,毕生投身于中国航天事业研究; 3. 主要成就:参与美国早期火箭研究,1955年回到中国;领导研制中国第一颗人造卫星“东方红一号”,推动导弹和空间探索领域的发展,让中国在航天领域的实力得到显著提升。 4. 荣誉与影响:获得“两弹一星”功勋奖章,被尊称为“中国航天之父”。 东方红一号 Dongfanghong-1 两弹一星 “Two Bombs and One Satellite” 中国航天之父 Father of China’s Aerospace 要求: 1. 内容须包含所有要点提示,可适当发挥; 2. 语言表达准确,语意通顺,连贯; 3. 词数80-100词。 试卷第1页,共3页 试卷第1页,共3页 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $ 绝密★启用前 2026-2027学年八年级上学期第一次月考（深圳卷） 英 语 本试卷共75分，考试时间70分钟。 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必在答题卡上用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔填写自己的考生号、姓名、试室号、座位号，再用2B铅笔把对应这两个号码的标号涂黑。 2. 选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需要改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。不能答在试卷上。 3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域的相应位置上；如需要改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案，改动的答案也不能超出指定的区域；不准使用铅笔、圆珠笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 4. 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 选择题（50分） 一、完形填空（10分） 阅读下面短文, 从短文后所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将相应字母编号涂黑。（共 10 小题, 每小题1分） Do you believe that we can have an important influence on anyone we meet? The right words at just the right time could 1 someone’s life. When I was three years old, my parents found I was 2 . After asking many doctors and parents of other deaf children, they decided not to put me in a special school. Although I seemed outgoing (外向的), my self-esteem (自尊心) was quite low. On my first day at school, the other kids 3 me because of my hearing aid and the way I talked. I was hurt deeply and I saw myself as a(n) 4 kid. Mrs. Green, my 5 , changed all of that with a simple three-word phrase. One morning, she asked the class a question. Sitting at my desk silently, I 6 her lips and raised my hand right away. She called on me in front of the blackboard. I took a deep breath and 7 answered Mrs. Green’s question. I will 8 forget what happened next. Mrs. Green pointed directly at me. With sparkling eyes and a big smile, she cried: “That’s right, Ben!” For the first time in my young life, my confidence rose. At that moment, I decided that no matter how many 9 I may face, I can overcome (克服) them. Thanks to those three 10 words, my whole life changed from that moment. 1．A．end B．change C．lose D．express 2．A．blind B．ill C．fat D．deaf 3．A．made fun of B． took care of C．made friends with D．asked permission from 4．A．ugly B．smart C．handsome D．attractive 5．A．driver B．doctor C．teacher D．player 6．A．recorded B．touched C．reached D．read 7．A．nervously B．lazily C．carelessly D．proudly 8．A．often B．ever C．never D．seldom 9．A．aims B．difficulties C．interests D．choices 10．A．unkind B．bitter C．simple D．suitable 【答案】 1．B 2．D 3．A 4．A 5．C 6．D 7．A 8．C 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文讲述了作者小时候因失聪自卑，但在老师格林夫人的鼓励下重拾自信，从而改变一生的感人故事。 【详解】1．句意：恰当的话语在恰当的时间能改变某人的一生。 根据上文“Do you believe that we can have an important influence on anyone we meet?”可知，此处强调话语对人的影响，且空后为“someone’s life”。‌应选用change，表示改变，符合语境逻辑；‌end结束，若改变生活是结束生活，不符常理；lose失去，与题意无关；express表达，也不符合此处语境。 2．句意：当我三岁时，父母发现我是聋的。 根据下文“After asking many doctors and parents of other deaf children, they decided not to put me in a special school”可知，上文应提到“我”的身体状况是耳聋。‌应选用deaf，表示聋的，符合上下文语境。‌blind盲的，与后文提到的“deaf”不符；ill生病的，过于笼统；fat胖的，与文意无关。 3．句意：其他孩子因为我的助听器和我说话的方式取笑我。 根据下文“I was hurt deeply”可知，其他孩子对“我”的行为是负面的，空后为“me because of my hearing aid and the way I talked”。‌应选用made fun of，表示取笑，符合语境，即其他孩子因为“我”的助听器和说话方式取笑“我”，所以“我”深受伤害。‌took care of照顾，与语境不符；made friends with与……交朋友，是积极行为，不符合；asked permission from征求……的许可，与文意无关。 4．句意：我把自己看作一个丑陋的孩子。 根据上文“I was hurt deeply and I saw myself as a(n)”可知，“我”因为被取笑而对自己评价不好。‌应选用ugly，表示丑陋的，符合“我”自我贬低的心态。‌smart聪明的，handsome英俊的，attractive有吸引力的，都是积极的评价，不符合“我”当时的心态。 5．句意：格林夫人，我的老师，改变了这一切。 根据下文“One morning, she asked the class a question”可知，“she”是在课堂上提问，所以“she”是老师。‌应选用teacher，表示老师，符合语境。‌driver司机，doctor医生，player运动员，均与课堂提问的语境不符。 6．句意：我坐在座位上默默读她的唇形并立刻举起了手。 因为“我”是耳聋患者，所以要通过看老师的嘴唇来理解话语，空后为“her lips and raised my hand right away”。‌应选用read，read one’s lips读唇语，符合语境。‌recorded记录，touched触摸，reached到达，均不符合“我”作为耳聋患者理解老师话语的方式。 7．句意：我深吸一口气，紧张地回答了问题。 根据上文“But I was afraid when she called out my name”可知，“我”虽然知道答案但很害怕，所以回答问题时很紧张。‌应选用nervously，表示紧张地，符合“我”当时的心态。‌lazily懒惰地，carelessly粗心地，proudly骄傲地，都不符合“我”害怕紧张的状态。 8．句意：我永远不会忘记接下来发生的事。 根据下文描述老师对“我”的肯定让“我”有了自信，所以“我”永远不会忘记接下来发生的事。‌应选用never，表示从不，符合语境。‌often经常，ever曾经，seldom很少，都不符合“我”对这件事的深刻印象。 9．句意：无论我面对多少困难，我都能克服。 根据上文“my confidence rose”以及“I decided that no matter how many”可知，此处说的是无论面对多少困难，“我”都能克服。‌应选用difficulties，表示困难，符合语境逻辑。‌aims目标，interests兴趣，choices选择，均不符合“克服”这一动作的对象。 10．句意：感谢那三个简单的词。 根据上文老师说的“That’s right, Ben!”可知，这是简单的三个字，空后为“words, my whole life changed from that moment”。‌应选用simple，表示简单的，符合语境。‌unkind不友善的，bitter苦涩的，与老师鼓励的话语不符；suitable合适的，没有突出这三个字的简单。 二、阅读理解（40分） 第一节 阅读下列短文, 从每小题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将相应字母编号涂黑。（共 15 小题, 每小题2分） A Do you know the numbers 0—9 well? They are Arabic numerals. People use them to mark numbers now. But it’s not the only number system that people use. About 2,500 years ago, people in Rome used their hands to count. In Roman numerals, one finger means 1, two fingers means 2, three fingers means 3, four fingers means 4. If you want to say five, you can keep your four fingers close on one side and your thumb on the other side. Make each of your hands be five, then you’ll have ten. So in Rome, the numbers are “I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X”. Also, “L” means fifty, “C” means one hundred. “D” means five hundred and “M” means one thousand. But there is no zero in Roman numerals. Today, few people use them because they are difficult to write and count. But we can still see them on some watches and clocks. Today, most people use the Arabic numerals. They are easy to remember and write. They help people to count things every day. In fact, Indians first created and used the Arabic numerals. In the late 8th century, people in Arabic countries learned about them. Then the Arabic people took them into Europe. So people in Europe called them Arabic numerals. Today, people around the world use Arabic numerals and they help a lot. 11．Which of the following means five in Roman numerals? A．L. B．M. C．V. D．X. 12．What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Arabic numerals. B．Watches and clocks. C．Zero. D．Roman numerals. 13．What do we know about Arabic numerals? A．People in Rome didn’t use them. B．Arabic people taught the Indians about them. C．Only Arabic people use them today. D．“0” means “zero” in Arabic numerals. 14．Why are there few people using Roman numerals today? A．Because they are not easy to write and count. B．Because there are no Romans anymore. C．Because the numbers look stupid. D．Because they are hard to remember. 15．In what order did the following things happen? a. Arabic people learned about Arabic numerals. b. Indians created Arabic numerals. c. Arabic people took Arabic numerals into Europe. d. People all over the world use Arabic numerals. A．b—c—a—d B．b—a—c—d C．d—b—a—c D．d—c—b—a 【答案】11．C 12．D 13．D 14．A 15．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了罗马数字和阿拉伯数字的相关信息，包括罗马数字的计数方式、阿拉伯数字的起源与传播等。 【详解】11．细节理解题。根据“Make each of your hands be five, then you’ll have ten. So in Rome, the numbers are ‘I, II, III, IV, V...’”可知，罗马数字中“V”表示5。故选C。 12．词句猜测题。根据“But there is no zero in Roman numerals. Today, few people use them because they are difficult to write and count. But we can still see them on some watches and clocks.”可知，them指代前文提到的“Roman numerals (罗马数字)”，因为罗马数字没有零，且难以书写和计数，所以现在很少有人使用。故选D。 13．细节理解题。根据“Do you know the numbers 0—9 well? They are Arabic numerals.”以及“But there is no zero in Roman numerals.”可知，阿拉伯数字中包含“0”，而罗马数字中没有。故选D。 14．细节理解题。根据“Today, few people use them because they are difficult to write and count.”可知，如今很少有人使用罗马数字是因为它们难以书写和计数。故选A。 15．细节理解题。根据“In fact, Indians first created and used the Arabic numerals. In the late 8th century, people in Arabic countries learned about them. Then the Arabic people took them into Europe. So people in Europe called them Arabic numerals. Today, people around the world use Arabic numerals and they help a lot.”可知，印度人首创阿拉伯数字，阿拉伯人后来了解了它们，并将其带入欧洲，最后全世界都在使用阿拉伯数字。因此，正确顺序为b—a—c—d。故选B。 B An encyclopedia is a special book or website that gathers knowledge about many different subjects. People have created encyclopedias for thousands of years. One of the oldest examples is Naturalis Historia by Pliny the Elder, written on parchment scrolls (羊皮卷) in Rome around 2,000 years ago. These early works were hand-copied, took years to make, and were so expensive that only scholars or rich people could own them. The 1700s saw major changes because of the use of the printing press (印刷机). Famous sets like Diderot’s Encyclopedia in France and Encyclopedia Britannica in Scotland were printed. This technology allowed many copies to be made, making encyclopedias easier to get to society, though they were still expensive. These books became valuable sources of information in homes, schools, and libraries. In the 1900s, new forms like microfilm (tiny photo film) and CD-ROMs (computer discs) appeared. They stored huge amounts of text and images, making encyclopedias much lighter and easier to carry than heavy book sets. However, the biggest change came with the internet. Free websites like Wikipedia (started in 2001) let anyone with a device find knowledge right away. Most importantly, they allow ordinary people worldwide to write, edit and update (给……增加最新信息) articles together—unlike traditional encyclopedias created only by experts. Today, online forms include videos and sounds and are available (可获得的) in many languages, keeping the ancient goal: to share knowledge with everyone globally. 16．Where was the earliest encyclopedia mentioned in this passage? A．In Rome. B．In France. C．In Scotland. D．On the internet. 17．Why could more people use printed encyclopedias in the 1700s? A．They had more pictures. B．They were free to schools. C．Printing machines produced more copies. D．They were smaller than handwritten ones. 18．What did CD-ROMs and microfilm do for encyclopedias? A．Made them free to use. B．Allowed online updates. C．Made them lighter to carry. D．Added less useful information. 19．How is Wikipedia different from traditional encyclopedias? A．It includes fewer topics. B．It cannot be updated once published. C．It has no articles in different languages. D．It has new information provided by ordinary people. 20．What is the main purpose of encyclopedias today according to the text? A．To help students study. B．To share knowledge widely. C．To save more ancient books. D．To introduce school textbooks. 【答案】16．A 17．C 18．C 19．D 20．B 【导语】本文介绍了百科全书从古代到现代的发展历程，从手抄本到印刷版，再到电子版和网络版，强调了其始终不变的宗旨——全球共享知识。 【详解】16．细节理解题。根据“One of the oldest examples is Naturalis Historia by Pliny the Elder, written on parchment scrolls in Rome around 2,000 years ago.”可知，最早提到的百科全书是在罗马编写的。故选A。 17．细节理解题。根据“The 1700s saw major changes because of the use of the printing press (印刷机)… This technology allowed many copies to be made, making encyclopedias easier to get to society…”可知，印刷机的使用使得百科全书能够大量复制，从而让更多人能够使用。故选C。 18．细节理解题。根据“They stored huge amounts of text and images, making encyclopedias much lighter and easier to carry than heavy book sets.”可知，CD-ROMs和微缩胶片使得百科全书更轻便、更易于携带。故选C。 19．细节理解题。根据“…they allow ordinary people worldwide to write, edit and update (给……增加最新信息) articles together—unlike traditional encyclopedias created only by experts.”可知，Wikipedia与传统百科全书的不同之处在于它允许普通人提供和更新信息。故选D。 20．细节理解题。根据“…keeping the ancient goal: to share knowledge with everyone globally.”可知，当今百科全书的主要目的是广泛分享知识。故选B。 C In a classroom in Shenzhen, a young boy named Xu Weixuan often dreamed about the future. While his friends talked about games, Xu was busy creating stories about spaceships and faraway planets. No one knew that this quiet boy was about to become a young writer. It all started in primary school. Xu spent many hours after class writing. He filled notebook after notebook. His hard work finally paid off—a 260,000-word science fiction novel titled Meteor was published. One exciting day, a letter arrived. He had won a third-class prize in a national writing competition! This success brought great joy to him and showed that his dream was achievable. However, the road wasn’t always easy. He met difficulties finding the correct scientific facts. It was also hard to decide how the characters would solve problems on the Moon. During these moments, he turned to the internet for research, and his mother was always there with a cup of milk and encouraging words, helping him organize his thoughts. His curiosity grew beyond writing. He started learning about real space science and even won a prize in the National Youth Space Innovation (创新) Competition. This experience connected his imagination with real-world science, making his new book, Flying to the Moon, even richer. From a primary school student to a young writer, Xu Weixuan shows us that with love and hard work, we can also achieve our dreams. 21．What did Xu Weixuan like to do in his classroom at the beginning? A．Talk about games with his friends. B．Read stories about spaceships. C．Prepare for writing competitions. D．Create his own science fiction stories. 22．What achievement did Xu make in primary school? A．He won a national prize for his published novel. B．He finished reading a science fiction novel. C．He received a letter from his school. D．He made plans to become a space scientist. 23．What difficulties did Xu meet during his writing? A．He had no one to support his dream. B．He couldn’t solve the problems on the Moon. C．He failed to find information on the internet. D．He found it hard to check facts and describe stories. 24．Which of the following shows the structure of the passage? A．B． C． D． 25．What is the best title for the passage? A．A guide to writing science fiction novels B．A future plan for science research C．A boy and his science fiction novels D．A success in a space competition 【答案】21．D 22．A 23．D 24．B 25．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述深圳学生徐玮轩坚持进行科幻创作，克服写作难题、拓展航天相关学识，凭借长期付出收获多项成果，借他的经历点明怀揣热爱、踏实拼搏便能圆梦的道理。 【详解】21．原文第一段“While his friends talked about games, Xu was busy creating stories about spaceships and faraway planets.”，能看出徐玮轩在教室会创作属于自己的科幻故事，对应D选项。 22．原文第二段交代他在校期间，26万字科幻小说《Meteor》出版，还在国家级写作竞赛拿下三等奖，匹配A选项；B并非他完成读物阅读、C信件是赛事相关而非校方寄出、D文中没提及定下成为太空科研者的规划。 23．原文第三段“He met difficulties finding the correct scientific facts. It was also hard to decide how the characters would solve problems on the Moon.”，难点包含核实科学事实、构思故事里月球场景的情节；A母亲会给予鼓励支持；B并非指他本人没法解决月球真实难题，是设计故事剧情；C他借助网络检索资料。 24．段落分层：P1总起，引出主角与他的写作爱好；P2—P4分述写作成果、遭遇的困难、航天领域的额外收获；P5收尾升华主旨，属于“总—分—总”结构（P1总述，P2、P3、P4并列分述，P5总结），对应B的结构图样式。 25．全文主线围绕少年徐玮轩，以及他开展科幻小说创作的经历展开。A仅聚焦科幻小说写作教程，内容片面；B主题是科研未来规划，偏离文章；D只截取太空竞赛一项小事，概括力度不足；C可以完整涵盖故事核心主体与事件。 第二节（每小题1分，共 5分 ） 以下是一则短文，请阅读短文，从六个句子中选择五个还原原文中，使原文的意思完整、连贯。 Have you ever counted the number of digits (数字) in your mobile phone number? Your number has eleven digits. 26 That’s because China has the longest mobile phone numbers in the world. Why is that? The eleven digits can be divided into three parts. 27 The first three numbers tell you which mobile phone service provider you are using. For example, 135 is for China Mobile Communication Corporation and 188 is for China Unicom. The fourth to the seventh digits tell you which areas the number is recorded in. And the last four digits are random (随机的).                                   The main reason for using 11 digits is that we have the largest population in the world. We once had ten numbers. 28 So we began to use eleven digits starting from 1999.                  Eleven digits can be used to make tens of millions of mobile phone numbers. That’s enough for each person to have seven or eight phone numbers to use in China. 29 Usually, the service provider will reuse a canceled number after three to six months. Besides China, Britain and Japan also use 11-digit mobile phone numbers. 30 So they cannot create as many numbers as we can. Countries like the United States, Australia and India use mobile phone numbers with ten digits, Canadian mobile phone numbers are perhaps the world’s shortest: they use seven digits. A．Each part has a different meaning. B．But their numbers always start with 0. C．Also, mobile phone numbers can be recycled. D．The phone number ending with an eight is the most popular. E．You may sometimes find it hard to remember your number. F．But as our population grows, there are not enough numbers for us to use. 【答案】26．E 27．A 28．F 29．C 30．B 【分析】这篇短文主要讲述了我们国家的手机号码为什么是11位，及其他一些国家手机号码的位数等。 【详解】26．根据下文“That’s because China has the longest mobile phone numbers in the world.”在世界上中国有最长的电话号码，可知选项E“有时你可能会发现很难记住你的号码。”符合题意，故填E。 27．根据下文“The first three numbers tell you which mobile phone service provider you are using. For example, 135 is for China Mobile Communication Corporation and 188 is for China Unicom. The fourth to the seventh digits tell you which areas the number is recorded in.”可知，此处是说十一位数可分为三部分，每部分都有不同的意思，选项A“每一部分都有不同的含义。”符合题意，故填A。 28．根据下文“So we began to use eleven digits starting from1999.”可知，开始使用11位数字，是因为人口的增长。选项F“但是随着我们人口的增长，没有足够的数字供我们使用。”符合题意，故填F。 29．根据下文“Usually, the service provider will reuse a canceled number after three to six months.” 服务提供商会在三到六个月后重新使用一个被取消的号码。可知选项C“此外，手机号码可以回收利用。”符合题意，故填C。 30．根据下文“So they cannot create as many numbers as we can.” 所以他们不能创造出我们能创造的那么多的数字。因为他们数字开始是0，选项B“但他们的数字总是以0开头。”符合题意，故填B。 第三节 （每小题1分，共 5分 ） A-F六个选项分别是六则广告。请根据左栏五个人的状况，帮助他们选择最感兴趣的广告。 31 Kevin is interested in gardening. He is always free on Wednesdays. He wants to learn how to grow flowers in the garden. 32 Leo decided to take his children to a farm. The children want to learn how to be a farmer and how to ride a horse. 33 Dolly would like to be a volunteer on the farm. She hopes to have a picnic on the grass after work. 34 Tina is going to take her children to a zoo to learn more about animals in danger and have a picnic for lunch. 35 Mike wants to visit a zoo to see animals, enjoy coffee and have some Chinese food as well. A．Lighters City Farm has a garden full of flowers and other plants. If you want to learn gardening, you can join the gardening club on Wednesdays here. B．There are lots of beautiful animals in the Lifeng Zoo, even those ones in danger. Children can learn how to look after animals here. It is really a good place to spend the day and have a picnic with your family. C． For children, they can get a chance to be a farmer and learn how to look after animals and plants on the Deen City Farm. Children can learn farming and horse - riding skills. D．The tigers, pandas, lions, monkeys, elephants and giraffes are all popular in the Xingguang City Zoo. It offers coffee and you can try Chinese food, too. E. Woodlands Farm Trust gives visitors a chance to get close to birds, butterflies and wild flowers. There are many programs all year round. F. Vauxhall City Farm is home to horses, ducks, chickens and other animals. Volunteers are always welcome. It even has an area with grass for a picnic. 【答案】31．A 32．C 33．F 34．B 35．D 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了五人在园艺学习、农场体验、志愿活动、动物园参观等方面的需求，并匹配相关广告。 【详解】31．根据“Kevin is interested in gardening. He is always free on Wednesdays. He wants to learn how to grow flowers in the garden.”可知，Kevin对园艺感兴趣，周三有空，想学习种花。选项A“莱特尔斯城市农场有一个种满鲜花和其他植物的花园。如果您想学习园艺，周三可以来这里参加园艺俱乐部。”与之匹配，故选A。 32．根据“Leo decided to take his children to a farm. The children want to learn how to be a farmer and how to ride a horse.”可知，Leo带孩子去农场，孩子想当农民、学骑马。选项C“对于孩子们来说，他们有机会在迪恩城市农场当一回农民，学习如何照料动植物。孩子们还能学到农耕和骑马的技能。”与之匹配，故选C。 33．根据“Dolly would like to be a volunteer on the farm. She hopes to have a picnic on the grass after work.”可知，Dolly想在农场做志愿者，下班后在草地野餐。选项F“沃克斯豪尔城市农场里有马、鸭子、鸡和其他动物。农场随时欢迎志愿者。这里甚至还有一个铺着草地的野餐区。”与之匹配，故选F。 34．根据“Tina is going to take her children to a zoo to learn more about animals in danger and have a picnic for lunch.”可知，Tina带孩子去动物园了解濒危动物，午餐野餐。选项B“在利丰动物园里有很多漂亮的动物，甚至还有那些濒危的动物。孩子们可以在这里学习如何照顾动物。这里真是一个度过美好一天和与家人一起野餐的好地方。”与之匹配，故选B。 35．根据“Mike wants to visit a zoo to see animals, enjoy coffee and have some Chinese food as well.”可知，Mike去动物园看动物，想喝咖啡、吃中餐。选项D“兴光市动物园里的老虎、熊猫、狮子、猴子、大象和长颈鹿都很受欢迎。这里还提供咖啡，您也可以品尝中国美食。”与之匹配，故选D。 第二部分 非选择题（25分） 三、语法填空（每小题1分，共 10分 ） 阅读下面短文，根据文章大意用所给单词的适当形式填空（未提供单词的，限填一词），使文章意思完整，正确。 China has many heroes in science. Nan Rendong is one of them, who is well-known for his great 36 (achieve) in building the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Radio Telescope (FAST), the largest radio telescope (无线电望远镜) in the world. Nan Rendong spent over twenty years 37 (work) on this project. At first, he had to go to many faraway places across the country. Without good roads, he had to walk for several 38 (hour) to get to proper spots. When he 39 (meet) bad weather, like heavy rain and strong winds, he never complained. He faced lots of problems in his study. 40 , he never stopped trying. His efforts and determination led to his success. Nan was undoubtedly a man of great 41 (intelligent) and responsibility (责任心). He always thought about the project first. When there was a problem, he always came and helped with it 42 hesitation. He actually devoted 43 (he) to his career. Even after his death, people still remember him because he plays 44 important role in the development of science. His story tells us that if we keep trying, we will solve any problem. He is 45 (exact) the role model for us to follow. 【答案】 36．achievement 37．working 38．hours 39．met 40．However 41．intelligence 42．without 43．himself 44．an 45．exactly 【导语】本文讲述了中国科学英雄南仁东在建造世界最大无线电望远镜FAST过程中的卓越贡献与坚韧精神。 【详解】36．句意：南仁东就是其中之一，他因在建造世界上最大的射电望远镜——五百米口径球面射电望远镜（FAST）方面取得的巨大成就而闻名。根据“his great…”可知，此处应用名词形式，achieve的名词为achievement，指建造FAST这一项重大成就，应为单数。故填achievement。 37．句意：南仁东在这个项目上花费了超过二十年的时间。根据“spent over twenty years…on this project”可知，此处应用spend time doing sth“花费时间做某事”的固定搭配，因此应用work的动名词形式working。故填working。 38．句意：没有好路，他不得不步行几个小时才能到达合适的地方。空格前“several”后接可数名词复数，hour的复数形式为hours。故填hours。 39．句意：当他遇到恶劣天气，比如大雨和大风时，他从不抱怨。根据“When he…bad weather”可知，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，meet的过去式为met。故填met。 40．句意：然而，他从未停止尝试。根据“He faced lots of problems in his study…he never stopped trying.”可知，前后句为转折关系，且空格后有逗号，应用however“然而”表示转折，且位于句首，首字母大写。故填However。 41．句意：南仁东无疑是一个极具智慧和责任心的人。根据“a man of great… and responsibility”可知，此处应用名词形式，intelligent的名词为intelligence“智慧”，不可数名词。故填intelligence。 42．句意：当有问题时，他总是毫不犹豫地前来帮忙。根据“he always came and helped with it…hesitation”可知，此处应用without hesitation“毫不犹豫地”固定搭配。故填without。 43．句意：他实际上把自己的毕生精力都奉献给了事业。根据“He actually devoted… to his career.”可知，此处应用devote oneself to“致力于”的固定搭配，因此应用he的反身代词himself。故填himself。 44．句意：即使在他去世后，人们仍然记得他，因为他在科学的发展中扮演着重要的角色。根据“plays…important role in”可知，此处应用play an important role in“在……中扮演重要角色”的固定搭配，important是以元音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词an。故填an。 45．句意：他正是我们应该追随的榜样。根据“He is…the role model for us to follow.”可知，此处应用exact的副词exactly“正是，确切地”修饰整个句子。故填exactly。 四、书面表达（15分） 46．下面内容是从《百科全书》上摘取的关于中国科学家钱学森的介绍。请你根据提示，用英语写一篇关于钱学森的短文 1. 基本信息：中国科学家，1911年生于中国上海，2009年逝世。 2. 成长背景：1934年毕业于上海交通大学，后赴美留学，获博士学位；早年对航空工程和数学兴趣浓厚，毕生投身于中国航天事业研究； 3. 主要成就：参与美国早期火箭研究，1955年回到中国；领导研制中国第一颗人造卫星“东方红一号”，推动导弹和空间探索领域的发展，让中国在航天领域的实力得到显著提升。 4. 荣誉与影响：获得“两弹一星”功勋奖章，被尊称为“中国航天之父”。 东方红一号 Dongfanghong-1            两弹一星 “Two Bombs and One Satellite” 中国航天之父 Father of China’s Aerospace 要求： 1. 内容须包含所有要点提示，可适当发挥； 2. 语言表达准确，语意通顺，连贯； 3. 词数80-100词。 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 Qian Xuesen (1911–2009), born in Shanghai, was a famous Chinese scientist. After graduating from Shanghai Jiao Tong University in 1934, he earned his Ph.D. in the U.S. and developed a strong foundation in aerospace and mathematics. He devoted his whole life to researching China’s space industry. He participated in early American rocket research and returned to China in 1955. He led the development of China’s first artificial satellite, “Dongfanghong-1”, and made significant contributions to missile and space exploration. His work greatly enhanced China’s aerospace capabilities. Honored as the “Father of China’s Aerospace,” he received the “Two Bombs and One Satellite” Merit Award. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：主要为“一般过去时”； ③提示：根据提示信息写作，注意不要遗漏要点，突出重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，介绍钱学森的基本信息，包括生卒年、出生地和身份等； 第二步，介绍钱学森的教育背景及兴趣； 第三步，介绍钱学森参与美国火箭研究及其在中国航天领域的贡献； 第四步，介绍钱学森被尊称为“中国航天之父”以及获得“两弹一星”功勋奖章。 [亮点词汇] ①graduating from毕业于 ②devoted his whole life to把他的一生都献给了 ③returned to China回到中国 ④made significant contributions to对……做出重要贡献 ⑤Honored as被誉为 [高分句型] ①After graduating from Shanghai Jiao Tong University in 1934, he earned his Ph.D. in the U.S and developed a strong foundation in aerospace and mathematics. (介词短语作状语) ②Honored as the “Father of China’s Aerospace,” he received the “Two Bombs and One Satellite” Merit Award. (过去分词短语做状语) 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $