Unit 6 The art of the brush 阅读表达（热点题型专练）英语新教材译林版九年级上册

Unit 6 The art of the brush 阅读表达题型专练（话题：人与社会——书法艺术） 热点题型概览 阅读表达 阅读表达所提的问题中,一般疑问句的提问方式频率很低,有时完全删掉,“wh-疑问词”开头的特殊疑问句越来越多,意味着对文章理解要求越来越高。复习备考中,考生要切实提高阅读理解能力和表达能力。平时练习中要通过精读完全理解文章。 解题基本步骤 1. 先看问题，再读文章：把握主题，确定方向，摘取有用的材料，舍弃无关的信息，高效省时。 2. 细读全文，认真推敲：细心阅读与试题有关的词汇、句子或段落，要特别留心一些信息词。 3. 复读全文，验证答案：在找到答案后，应将答案带入问题中，检查有无矛盾，若前后不一致或意思矛盾，则要考虑重选答案。 注意事项 1. 答题有据，避免主观。 2. 符合原文的答案 ＝ 正确答案 ≠ 最佳答案 3. 解题有法，但无定法，贵在得法。要答好阅读理解题，必须多读、巧读和善于思考。要不断扩大词汇量，拓宽阅读面，提高阅读速度，同时也要探索和总结适合自己的方法，实践出真知，多练出效益。 题型夯基提升 巩固基础·专项突破 Passage 1 Chinese brush art is a precious traditional cultural treasure. It includes brush painting and calligraphy, both of which have a history of thousands of years. Different from Western art, Chinese brush art uses simple ink and Xuan paper. It focuses on showing spirit and artistic conception rather than exact shapes. Simple lines and empty spaces create endless beauty. Practising brush art brings many benefits. First, it helps us develop patience and carefulness. Second, it allows us to feel the beauty of nature and traditional culture. Third, it helps us inherit and spread our ancient art. Now many schools offer brush art courses. More teenagers begin to love and learn this traditional art. It is our duty to protect and develop our traditional Chinese art. 1．What does Chinese brush art include? 2．What materials does Chinese brush art use? 3．What does Chinese brush art focus on? 4．How many benefits of practising brush art are mentioned? 5．What is our duty towards traditional Chinese art? 【答案】1．It includes brush painting and calligraphy. 2．Simple ink and Xuan paper. 3．It focuses on showing spirit and artistic conception rather than exact shapes. 4．Three. 5．It is our duty to protect and develop our traditional Chinese art. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国毛笔艺术（包括国画和书法）的特点、材料、益处以及传承责任。 【详解】1．根据第一段“It includes brush painting and calligraphy, both of which have a history of thousands of years.”可知，中国毛笔艺术包括国画和书法。 2．根据第二段“Chinese brush art uses simple ink and Xuan paper.”可知，中国毛笔艺术使用简单的墨汁和宣纸。 3．根据第二段“It focuses on showing spirit and artistic conception rather than exact shapes.”可知，中国毛笔艺术注重表现神韵和意境，而非精确的形状。 4．根据第三段“Practising brush art brings many benefits. First, ...Second, ...Third, ...”可知，提到了练习毛笔艺术的三个好处。 5．根据最后一段“It is our duty to protect and develop our traditional Chinese art.”可知，我们的责任是保护和发展中国传统艺术。 Passage 2 阅读回答问题 The ink brush is a traditional tool for writing and painting in ancient China. It’s also one of the “Four Treasures of the Study”. The earliest ink brush was found more than 2,500 years ago. The Han Dynasty (202 BC-220 AD) is an important period for the development of the ink brush, and it is also the time when Cai Lun improved the paper-making method. People began to widely use ink brushes at that time. Meanwhile, the first book on how to produce ink brushes came out. In the Yuan and Ming Dynasties, many ink brush experts got together in Huzhou of Zhejiang Province and the brush-producing industry developed rapidly. Huzhou has been the centre of brush making since the Qing Dynasty. Ink brushes produced there, called Hubi, are the best known. The nib is made of fine, soft animal hair. The stalk is usually made of bamboo, wood or other valuable  materials.The animal hair includes three main kinds: rabbit’s hair, wool and weasel’s hair (黄鼠狼毛). People often call these nibs tuhao, yanghao, and langhao in Chinese. The ink brush is made in three sizes: big, medium and small. Most works of calligraphy are written with a medium-sized brush. Usually,painters and calligraphers have several kinds of brushes on hand to meet personal purposes and preferences. 1．When were ink brushes widely used in ancient China? 2．Where has the centre of brush making been since the Qing Dynasty? 3．What are the three main kinds of animal hair for ink brush nibs? 4．Are most works of calligraphy created with a medium-sized brush? 5．What does the text mainly talk about? 【答案】1．In the Han Dynasty. 2．Huzhou. 3．Rabbit’s hair, wool and weasel’s hair. 4．Yes, they are./Yes. 5．The ink brush. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国传统书写和绘画工具——毛笔的历史发展、制作中心、材质构成以及尺寸分类等内容。 【详解】1．根据文章第2段“The Han Dynasty (202 BC-220 AD) is an important period for the development of the ink brush... People began to widely use ink brushes at that time.”可知，在汉朝时期人们开始广泛使用毛笔。应填In the Han Dynasty. 2．根据文章第3段“Huzhou has been the centre of brush making since the Qing Dynasty.”可知，自清朝以来，湖州一直是制笔中心。应填Huzhou. 3．根据文章第4段“The animal hair includes three main kinds: rabbit’s hair, wool and weasel’s hair (黄鼠狼毛).”可知，毛笔笔头的三种主要动物毛发是兔毛、羊毛和黄鼠狼毛。应填Rabbit’s hair, wool and weasel’s hair. 4．根据文章第5段“Most works of calligraphy are written with a medium-sized brush.”可知，大多数书法作品是用中号毛笔创作的，该句为一般疑问句，需作肯定回答。应填Yes, they are./Yes. 5．根据文章第1段“The ink brush is a traditional tool for writing and painting in ancient China.”以及全文内容可知，本文主要讲述的是毛笔。应填The ink brush. Passage 3 The Four Treasures of the Study The “Four Treasures of the Study” are the essential tools for traditional Chinese calligraphy and painting. They are the brush, inkstick, paper, and inkstone. Each has a long history and unique features. The brush, usually made of bamboo and animal hair, is the most important tool. It can produce strokes of various thicknesses and styles. The inkstick is made of soot and glue. To make liquid ink, calligraphers grind the inkstick with water on the inkstone. This grinding process is slow and requires patience, but it produces high-quality ink. The paper used in calligraphy is often xuanzhi, which comes from Xuancheng in Anhui. It is soft, durable, and absorbent, making it ideal for ink. Xuanzhi can preserve the ink’s colour and texture for hundreds of years. These four tools are not just tools; they are part of the artistic experience. Calligraphers believe that using high-quality tools helps them express their emotions more freely. Today, even with modern technology, many artists still prefer these traditional tools. 1．What are the “Four Treasures of the Study”? 2．What is the inkstick made of? 3．How do calligraphers make liquid ink? 4．Why is xuanzhi paper ideal for calligraphy? 5．Why do many artists still prefer traditional tools today? 【答案】1．The brush, inkstick, paper, and inkstone. 2．Soot and glue. 3．They grind the inkstick with water on the inkstone. 4．Because it is soft, durable, and absorbent. 5．Because they believe high-quality tools help express emotions more freely. 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国传统书画工具“文房四宝”的构成、材料及使用方式，并解释了它们在现代仍受青睐的原因。 【详解】1．根据第一段第二句“They are the brush, inkstick, paper, and inkstone.”可知，文房四宝是笔、墨、纸、砚。 2．根据第二段第三句“The inkstick is made of soot and glue.”可知，墨条由烟灰和胶制成。 3．根据第二段第四句“To make liquid ink, calligraphers grind the inkstick with water on the inkstone.”可知，书法家将墨条在砚台上加水研磨。 4．根据第三段第二句“It is soft, durable, and absorbent, making it ideal for ink.”可知，宣纸柔软、耐用且吸墨性强，因此适合书法创作。 5．根据最后一段第二句“Calligraphers believe that using high-quality tools helps them express their emotions more freely.”可知，他们相信高质量的工具能帮助更自由地表达情感。 Passage 4 Calligraphy is known as the art of the brush in China. It is an important part of our traditional culture. Practising calligraphy brings many good changes to teenagers. First, it teaches patience. You cannot write beautiful characters without slow and careful practice. Second, it helps you relax. When you focus on every stroke, you can forget your worry and pressure. Many students stop practising soon, because they hope to get fast results. But great works never come easily. You need to keep practising day after day. If you want to learn well, you can watch famous works in museums. Look at how artists control brush tips and make different strokes. You can also take calligraphy lessons to learn basic skills. Calligraphy is not only handwriting. It carries culture, feelings and history. It is a treasure we should protect and pass on. 根据短文内容，回答下列问题 1．What is calligraphy also called? 2．What can calligraphy teach us? 3．Why do many students give up practising quickly? 4．Where can we enjoy famous calligraphy works? 5．What does calligraphy carry besides handwriting skills? 【答案】1．The art of the brush. 2．Patience. 3．Because they hope to get fast results. 4．In museums. 5．Culture, feelings and history. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国书法的定义、练习书法对青少年的益处、学生放弃练习的原因、学习书法的途径以及书法所承载的文化内涵。 【详解】1．第一段首句“Calligraphy is known as the art of the brush in China.”直接指出了书法的别称，提取原文信息即可。 2．第二段指出“First, it teaches patience.”，这是书法教给我们的一项品质，提取原文信息即可。 3．第三段指出“Many students stop practising soon, because they hope to get fast results.”，提取原文原因信息即可。 4．第四段建议“you can watch famous works in museums.”，提取原文地点信息即可。 5．最后一段说明“Calligraphy is not only handwriting. It carries culture, feelings and history.”，提取原文信息即可。 Passage 5 阅读下面短文，简略回答问题。 The Chinese have a long tradition of art, and painting is one of the major art forms. It is still popular nowadays. Figure painting Starting from the Han dynasty, artists made people as the main subject of their paintings. These paintings are called figure paintings. Gu Kaizhi (345—409) became famous for his figure paintings during the Jin dynasty. He used fine brushes to outline the people in black. Then he filled them with colour. This detailed, realistic style of painting was known as gongbi. The use of gongbi style resulted in more lifelike figure paintings. Wu Daozi (680—759) was known as the Sage of Painting for his unique painting style. He was very good at painting human figures and created special techniques for painting clothes that seemed to flow with the light wind. Landscape painting Between the Tang and Song dynasties, landscape painting became popular. Artists did ink wash painting with a brush and ink. Many landscape painters were scholar artists. They liked to express themselves through painting. Instead of painting what they saw, they painted the landscapes from their imagination. They also added poems to their paintings. Modern Chinese painters have inherited (继承) the long tradition of Chinese painting and brought this form of art to the world. Zhang Daqian (1899—1983) is regarded as “the Picasso of China” and Wu Guanzhong (1919—2010) was the first Chinese painter whose works were shown at the British Museum. 1．What is the main subject in a figure painting? 2．What’s the characteristic of gongbi style? 3．Which did landscape painters prefer, painting what they saw or painting from their imagination? 4．How many famous Chinese painters are mentioned in this passage? 5．Please write a proper title for this passage. 【答案】1．People. 2．Detailed and realistic. 3．Painting from their imagination. 4．Four./4. 5．The Chinese Traditional Painting (言之有理即可) 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍中国绘画这一主要艺术形式，分别讲解人物画、山水画的特点，并提及古今多位著名画家。 【详解】1．根据原文Figure painting部分“Starting from the Han dynasty, artists made people as the main subject of their paintings. These paintings are called figure paintings.”，人物画的主要描绘对象是人。 2．根据原文Figure painting部分“This detailed, realistic style of painting was known as gongbi.”，工笔画的特点是细致逼真。 3．根据原文Landscape painting部分“Instead of painting what they saw, they painted the landscapes from their imagination.”，山水画家更喜欢凭借想象作画。 4．文中提到顾恺之、吴道子、张大千、吴冠中一共四位画家，所以答案是Four。 5．通读全文，文章围绕中国传统绘画展开，标题需要概括全文主旨，答案言之有理即可。 培优拔高·挑战攻坚 Passage 1 （25-26九年级上·河北邯郸·阶段检测）阅读下面短文，简略回答问题。 Inner painting (内画), a kind of traditional Chinese art, is a national-level intangible cultural heritage (国家级非物质文化遗产). Inner painting artists traditionally create works on the inner surface of glass bottles by using special fine brushes. The brushes must be able to enter the tiny bottles. It has a long history and there are mainly four leading places: Beijing, Hebei, Shandong and Guangdong. When we look at the inner painting of an object, we experience an amazing beauty. Designs on the painting often express people’s wishes for good luck and a happy life. The most popular designs are landscapes, flowers and birds. The production of inner painting is difficult because it requires high precision (精确度) and the process of painting is totally reversed (反向的). During painting, there is no room for corrections. And a shaky hand leads to mistakes. Only those skilled and confident in their abilities can paint well. Most artists need to learn inner painting for years before creating great and fine pieces. Inner painting has its advantages because it is so special. But it also faces challenges such as reducing market needs, and fewer learners and talented artists to help it develop. Luckily, today’s artists are trying to make inner painting more popular in our lives. One of the artists invented a new type of brush, and drawing can be faster now. Some young artists are using social media to help more people learn about inner painting skills. In the future, the inner painting artists wish that people can know more about the art. They also hope inner painting courses can be offered at school for young people to take. 1．Where do inner painting artists create their works? 2．What do the designs on the painting often express? 3．Why is the production of inner painting difficult? 4．How do some young artists help more people learn about inner painting skills? 5．If your school offers an inner painting course, would you like to take it or not? Why? 【答案】1．On the inner surface of glass bottles. 2．People’s wishes for good luck and a happy life. 3．Because it requires high precision and the process of painting is totally reversed. 4．By using social media. 5．Yes. Because inner painting is a precious national-level intangible cultural heritage worth learning. 【导语】本文主要介绍国家级非物质文化遗产内画，讲解内画创作载体、图案寓意、创作难点，分析这项传统技艺当下面临的困境与传承创新方式，并展望校园普及内画课程的发展愿景。 【详解】1．第一段第二句直接写明内画艺人的创作位置是“on the inner surface of glass bottles”，因此答案是原文直接信息。 2．第二段第二句明确内画图案承载的内涵是“people’s wishes for good luck and a happy life”，这是原文中的表意信息，直接提取。 3．第三段第一句原文写出内画制作难度大的两点原因：“requires high precision and the process of painting is totally reversed”，整合原文两处要点作答，属于原文直接信息。 4．第五段第三句直接说明青年画师推广内画技艺的途径是“using social media”，因此答案是原文直接信息。 5．结合全文内画非遗价值、学习难度等内容自主表明观点并阐述理由，依托文章信息拓展表达，开放性试题，言之有理即可。 Passage 2 John, a British teacher at Nanjing Normal University (NNU), has practiced Chinese calligraphy for over 25 years. The seeds of his China journey were sown when he joined a program for East Asian Art at London University in 1997. Back then, brushes and ink were not easy to get. Learning Chinese writing meant copying model books and using rice paper. He would practice a single stroke for hours to understand its beauty. “In those days, it was a real challenge,” he said. In 2006, with a high score in the official Chinese language test, he won a scholarship for a summer program at Beijing Language and Culture University. After finishing the study program, John was offered a Nanjing-based job as an art researcher. In 2008, the year Beijing succeeded in hosting the Summer Olympic Games, he got married. In the next year, he started to teach art at NNU. Life in Nanjing has been a wonderful adventure, especially as a witness to the great achievements China has made. It has offered him many chances for personal growth. Today, thanks to high-speed broadband and 5G, he can connect with students at NNU’s partner universities in the UK, France or Mexico while riding on the Nanjing subway. “When you open your eyes to these great projects, it is impossible not to want to be part of them or at least support them somehow,” he said. Although he was busy on teaching days, John applied for a full-time scholarship at the China Academy of Art. In 2022, at 44, he got his Ph.D．in fine arts. “I am quite interested in seal carving, and I know that China is quickly becoming the leader in traditional art research. So, I always write my articles in this area,” he said. “There is always time to follow your dreams unless you decide to give up,” he said. “Taking on seemingly impossible challenges and helping those around you are what makes life worth living.” 根据短文内容，回答下列问题 1．Who is John in this passage? 2．How did John learn Chinese writing in London? 3．When did John start to teach art at NNU? 4．What has offered John many chances for personal growth? 5．What can you learn from John’s experiences? 【答案】1．He is a British teacher at Nanjing Normal University (NNU)./John is a British teacher at NNU. 2．He learned it by copying model books and using rice paper./By copying model books and using rice paper. 3．In 2009. 4．Life in Nanjing (has offered him many chances). 5．Never give up our dreams/Follow your dreams unless you decide to give up/Taking on challenges makes life worth living.（开放性问题，言之有理即可） 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了英国教师John在中国学习书法、工作生活并取得个人成长的励志故事。 【详解】1．根据文章第1段“John, a British teacher at Nanjing Normal University (NNU)（约翰，南京师范大学的一位英国教师）”可推知他的身份。 2．根据文章第1段“Learning Chinese writing meant copying model books and using rice paper.（学习中国书法意味着临摹字帖和使用宣纸。）”可推知学习方式。 3．根据文章第2段“In 2008... In the next year, he started to teach art at NNU.（2008 年……第二年，他开始在南师大教艺术。）”可推知时间为2009年。 4．根据文章第3段“Life in Nanjing has been a wonderful adventure... It has offered him many chances for personal growth.（南京的生活是一场奇妙的冒险……它为他提供了许多个人成长的机会。）”可推知答案。 5．根据文章第5段“There is always time to follow your dreams unless you decide to give up.（除非你决定放弃，否则总有时间去追求你的梦想。）”可推知启示。 Passage 3 （25-26九年级上·辽宁锦州·期末）Chinese calligraphy (书法) is an important part of traditional Chinese culture. Calligraphy started in China and spread to other parts of Asia with Chinese culture. It has a history of over 3,000 years. Calligraphy is the art of writing Chinese characters (汉字) with a brush in accordance with specific rules (按照特定规则). When you practice calligraphy, it is important to pay attention to the changes of the strokes (笔画) and the spaces between characters. There are many famous calligraphers in history, such as Wang Xizhi and Yan Zhenqing. Different calligraphy works can show different calligraphers’ feelings and personalities (个性). Today, they can be seen on the walls of offices, shops, hotels and many other places. “If I live in China, I will become a calligrapher rather than a painter for sure,” the world-famous master of art, Picasso said. He fell in love with Chinese calligraphy as soon as he saw Zhang Daqian’s works. Calligraphy brushes are the main tools for practicing calligraphy. They are usually made from the hair of different animals. Practicing calligraphy takes a lot of time and many people take lessons to learn it. During the lessons, they can learn how to write different strokes of Chinese characters. If you are interested in it, you may start practicing with a teacher right away. Calligraphy, an amazing traditional art form, shows many Chinese people’s love and admiration for culture and beauty. Chinese people of all ages practice calligraphy often, not to be a calligrapher, but to enjoy the peaceful mind. 1．How long is the history of Chinese calligraphy? 2．What do we need to pay attention to when we practice calligraphy? 3．Why do Chinese people of all ages practice calligraphy often? 4．Would you like to practice calligraphy? Why or why not? Write 30 words or more. 【答案】1．It has a history of over 3,000 years. 2．The changes of the strokes and the spaces between characters. 3．To enjoy the peaceful mind. 4．Yes, I would like to practice calligraphy because it is an important part of traditional Chinese culture. Practicing it can help me enjoy a peaceful mind and learn about beauty. It is meaningful for my personal growth and helps me relax. 【导语】本文通过介绍中国书法的起源历史、书写要求、历代名家、名人评价、书写工具和练习意义，展现了中国书法作为传统艺术的独特魅力与文化价值。 【详解】1．文章第一段明确指出：“It has a history of over 3, 000 years.”，这是对中国书法历史时长的直接介绍，可直接提取语句作答。 2．文章第二段明确写道：“When you practice calligraphy, it is important to pay attention to the changes of the strokes and the spaces between characters.”，需要留意笔画形态以及字符间距的变化，可直接提炼出练习书法需要注意的内容作为答案。 3．文章最后一段明确说明：“Chinese people of all ages practice calligraphy often, not to be a calligrapher, but to enjoy the peaceful mind.”，点明了各个年龄段的中国人练习书法的原因，可直接提取作答。 4．本题要求学生结合自身想法作答，答案不唯一，内容积极合理、字数达标即可。 Passage 4 （25-26九年级上·内蒙古巴彦淖尔·期末）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，完成下列各题。 13-year-old Zhang Hao loves Chinese calligraphy. He has learned calligraphy for 5 years, and his works have won many prizes. Zhang Hao’s love for calligraphy started when he saw his grandfather writing Chinese characters with a writing brush. He thought the characters were so beautiful and wanted to learn how to write them. At first, learning calligraphy was very hard for Zhang Hao. He had to practice writing the same character hundreds of times every day. His hand often hurt, and he sometimes wanted to give up. But his grandfather told him, “Calligraphy is a traditional Chinese art. It needs patience and hard work. If you stick to it, you will fall in love with it. ” Zhang Hao took his grandfather’s words to heart and kept practicing. Now, calligraphy has become an important part of Zhang Hao’s life. He practices it for one hour every day after finishing his homework. He said writing calligraphy makes him calm and relaxed. It also lets him know more about Chinese traditional culture. “Every Chinese character has a story. When I write them, I feel like I’m talking with the ancient people,” he said. Zhang Hao has a small dream: he wants to hold a calligraphy exhibition in his school next year. He hopes to show his works to his classmates and teachers, and let more people love Chinese calligraphy. “I will keep learning calligraphy and pass on this traditional art,” he said. 1．How long has Zhang Hao learned calligraphy? 2．How does writing calligraphy make Zhang feel? 3．What is Zhang’s small dream? 4．What do you learn from Zhang? 【答案】1．For 5 years. 2．Calm and relaxed. 3．To hold a calligraphy exhibition in his school next year. 4．We should stick to our dreams. 【导语】本文讲述了13岁的张浩热爱中国书法，学习书法5年且作品获奖。他因看到祖父写字而爱上书法，起初学习艰难，在祖父鼓励下坚持。现在书法是他生活重要部分，带给他平静放松，让他了解更多传统文化。他的小梦想是明年在学校举办书法展，继续学习并传承这门传统艺术。 【详解】1．文中第一段提到“He has learned calligraphy for 5 years”，所以答案是“For 5 years”。 2．从文中第三段“He said writing calligraphy makes him calm and relaxed”可知，写书法让他感到平静和放松，答案是“Calm and relaxed”。 3．根据文中结尾段提到“Zhang Hao has a small dream: he wants to hold a calligraphy exhibition in his school next year”，可知他的小梦想是明年在他的学校举办一场书法展览，答案是“To hold a calligraphy exhibition in his school next year”。 4．文中提到起初学习书法很难，张浩有时想放弃，但听了祖父的话后坚持练习，最后取得成绩且有了自己的梦想，所以可以学到我们应该坚持自己的梦想，答案是“We should stick to our dreams”。 Passage 5 Chinese calligraphy is an important part of traditional Chinese culture. Calligraphy started in China and spread to other parts of Asia with Chinese culture. It has a history of 4,000 to 5,000 years. Calligraphy is the art of writing Chinese characters and rules of writing with a brush. When you practice calligraphy, it is important to pay attention to the changes of the strokes and the spaces between characters. There are many famous calligraphers in history, such as Wang Xizhi and Yan Zhenqing. Different calligraphy works can show different calligraphers’ feelings and characters. Today, they can be seen on the walls of offices, shops, hotels and houses. “If I lived in China, I would become a calligrapher rather than a painter for sure,” the world-­famous master of art, Picasso said. He fell in love with Chinese calligraphy as soon as he saw Zhang Daqian’s works. The tool for practicing calligraphy is the calligraphy brush. They are usually made from the hair of different animals. Practicing calligraphy takes lots of time and many people take lessons to learn it. If you’re interested in it, you may start practicing with a teacher right away. Calligraphy, an amazing traditional art form, shows the love that all Chinese people have for culture and beauty. Chinese people of all ages practice calligraphy often, not to be a calligrapher, but to enjoy the peaceful mind. 1．How long is the history of Chinese calligraphy? 2．What do we need to pay attention to when we practice calligraphy? 3．Where can we see Chinese calligraphy works? 4．When did Picasso fall in love with Chinese calligraphy? 5．What’s your understanding of “enjoy the peaceful mind”? Use your own words. 【答案】1．For 4,000 to 5,000 years. 2．The changes of the strokes and the spaces between characters. 3．We can see them on the walls of offices, shops, hotels and houses. 4．When he saw Zhang Daqian’s works. 5．When I practice calligraphy, I feel relaxed and peaceful.(言之有理即可) 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国书法的历史、练习要点、著名人物、作品展示地点、工具以及人们练习书法的目的。 【详解】1．第一段提到“It has a history of 4,000 to 5,000 years.”，直接提取时间信息作答。 2．第一段指出“When you practice calligraphy, it is important to pay attention to the changes of the strokes and the spaces between characters.”，直接摘抄需要留意的内容。 3．第二段提到“Today, they can be seen on the walls of offices, shops, hotels and houses.”，提取作品陈列的场所信息。 4．第三段指出“He fell in love with Chinese calligraphy as soon as he saw Zhang Daqian’s works.”，提取对应的时间场景作答。 5．本题为开放题，答案不唯一，结合文章结尾内容，练习书法不为成为书法家，只为平复心绪、放松自我，围绕静心舒缓、平复烦恼、获得内心安宁展开，言之有理即可。 Passage 6 （25-26九年级上·山东烟台·期中）阅读下面短文，完成短文后的问题。 The brush pen, one of the “Four Treasures of the Study”, was invented thousands of years ago. It is said that Meng Tian, a general (将军) of the Qin, improved the pen. When Meng was leading an army to fight against Chu, he had to report the situation to his king in time. But his pen was too hard and caused him much trouble, so he was thinking of ways to improve it. One day after hunting, Meng made his way home with some wild rabbits on horseback. Fat and heavy, one rabbit’s tail left a long trail (踪迹) on the ground. Suddenly, Meng Tian got the idea from the rabbit’s tail. “If I tie the rabbit’s hair to a stick, would it be easy to write with?” On arriving home, he tied the rabbit’s hair to a stick and tried writing with it. But the rabbit’s hair was too smooth to write well and wasted a lot of cloth. Meng was so disappointed that he threw away his “invention” into a stone hole in the yard. However, Meng never gave up and kept trying all the time. A few rainy days later, he happened to find his “invention” fatter in a stone hole. He picked it up with hope. The brush worked beautifully on cloth. It turned out that the special water had cleaned the oil from the hair. Meng succeeded at last. Thanks to Meng, the brush pen is playing a key role in Chinese culture. Today, students are taught to use the brush pens in school. It makes their life more colorful and helps them better understand Chinese culture. 1．Why did Meng Tian want to improve his pen? 2．When did Meng Tian get the idea from the rabbit’s tail? 3．How does the brush pen help students? 4．What does the passage mainly talk about? 5．What do you think of Meng Tian? 【答案】1．Because his pen was too hard and caused him much trouble. 2．One day after hunting. 3． It makes their life more colorful and helps them better understand Chinese culture. 4．The story of Meng Tian improving the brush pen. 5．He was creative and never gave up. 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了秦朝将军蒙恬改进毛笔的故事，包括他产生灵感的过程、遇到的困难、最终的成功以及毛笔对后世的影响。 【详解】1．根据第一段“But his pen was too hard and caused him much trouble, so he was thinking of ways to improve it.”可知，旧笔坚硬，给他带来很多麻烦，因此他想要改良笔。 2．根据第二段“One day after hunting, Meng made his way home with some wild rabbits on the horseback.”可知，打猎结束后的一天，他从兔子尾巴得到灵感。 3．根据最后一段“It makes their life more colorful and helps them better understand Chinese culture.”可知，毛笔丰富学生生活，帮助他们更好理解中国文化。 4．通读全文可知，文章主要围绕蒙恬如何改进毛笔以及毛笔的意义展开。 5．根据文章第四段“However, Meng never gave up and kept trying all the time”可知，蒙恬具有坚持不懈和富有创造力的品质。(开放性试题，答案合理即可) Passage 7 （25-26九年级上·河北石家庄·期末）Chinese calligraphy is an important part of traditional Chinese culture. Calligraphy started in China and spread to other parts of Asia with Chinese culture. It has a history of over 3,500 years. Calligraphy is the art of writing Chinese characters with a brush and following proper writing rules. When you practise calligraphy, it is important to pay attention to the changes of the strokes and the spaces between characters. There are many famous calligraphers in history, such as Wang Xizhi and Yan Zhenqing. Different calligraphy works can show different calligraphers’ feelings and personalities. Today, they can be seen on the walls of offices, shops, hotels and many other places. “If I live in China, I will become a calligrapher rather than a painter for sure,” Picasso, the world-famous master of art, said. He fell in love with Chinese calligraphy as soon as he saw Zhang Daqian’s works. The tools for practising calligraphy are calligraphy brushes. They are usually made of the hair of different animals. Practising calligraphy takes a lot of time and many people take lessons to learn it. During the lessons, they can learn how to write different strokes of Chinese characters. If you’re interested in it, you may start practising with a teacher right away. Calligraphy, an amazing traditional art form, shows the love that all Chinese people have for culture and beauty. Chinese people of all ages practise calligraphy often, not to be a calligrapher, but to enjoy the peaceful mind. 1．How long is the history of Chinese calligraphy? 2．What do we need to pay attention to when we practise calligraphy? 3．When did Picasso fall in love with Chinese calligraphy? 4．Why do Chinese people of all ages practise calligraphy often? 5．Do you like Chinese calligraphy? Why or why not? 【答案】1．Over 3,500 years. 2．We need to pay attention to the changes of the strokes and the spaces between characters. 3．As soon as he saw Zhang Daqian’s works. 4．To enjoy the peaceful mind. 5． Yes, I do. Because it is beautiful. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国书法的历史、练习要点、著名人物、工具以及人们练习书法的原因。 【详解】1．根据文章第一段第三句“It has a history of over 3,500 years.”可知，中国书法的历史超过3500年。 2．根据文章第一段最后一句“When you practise calligraphy, it is important to pay attention to the changes of the strokes and the spaces between characters.”可知，练习书法需要注意笔画的变化和字间的间距。 3．根据文章第三段最后一句“He fell in love with Chinese calligraphy as soon as he saw Zhang Daqian’s works.”可知，毕加索在看到张大千的作品时爱上了中国书法。 4．根据文章第五段最后一句“Chinese people of all ages practise calligraphy often, not to be a calligrapher, but to enjoy the peaceful mind.”可知，各个年龄段中国人练习书法是为了享受宁静的心境。 5．本题为开放性试题，答案不唯一，言之有理即可。根据个人喜好回答先回答是否喜欢再给出对应理由。 Passage 8 （25-26九年级上·山东烟台·期末）阅读下面短文，完成短文后的问题 In China, writing brushes, ink (墨锭) sticks, paper and ink stones are called the Four Treasures of the Study. Among the high-quality (高质量) treasures, the writing brush produced in Huzhou, the ink stick produced in Huizhou, the xuan paper made in Xuancheng and the ink stone made in Duanxi are the best known. The writing brushes can be used to draw pictures on painted pottery (彩陶). People mainly use the hair of animals to make them. Those made of wool (羊毛) are called yanghao and those made of the weasel’s (鼬) tail hair are called langhao. Their artistic effects (效果) in writing and painting cannot be copied by any other pens. The ink stick is the pigment (颜料) used in writing and painting. The ink stick produced in Huizhou is of high-quality. A story goes like this: Two famous skilled men, Xi Chao and his son, produced a kind of high-quality ink stick. The emperor in the Southern Tang dynasty was very happy and decided to give them the family name “Li”. From then on, the name of the Li Ink Stick was widespread. In the Song dynasty, its producing area was changed to Huizhou, and it was then called the Hui Ink Stick. Paper is among the four great inventions of ancient China. In Xuanzhou, Anhui Province where the xuan paper is produced, it’s said that there was a person who took the job of producing paper but failed to make perfect white paper. Later he happened to see the sandalwood (檀木) in the river. It was wet with the water and turned white. Then he used the bark (树皮) to produce the xuan paper. The ink stone was already very popular in the Han dynasty. People saw the appearance of the Four Famous Ink Stones—Duan Ink Stone, She Ink Stone, Tao Ink Stone and Chengni Ink Stone in the Ming and Qing dynasties. They can be used for writing and painting. 1．What are the writing brushes mainly made of? 2．Why did Xi Chao and his son get the family name from the emperor? 3．What does “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to (指的是)? 4．How did the person find the way to make the famous xuan paper by accident? (No more than 20 words) 5．When did the Four Famous Ink Stones appear? 【答案】1．They are mainly made of the hair of animals. 2．Because they produced a kind of high-quality ink stick. 3．Li Ink Stick. 4．He saw white wet sandalwood in the river and used its bark. 5．In the Ming and Qing dynasties. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的“文房四宝”——笔、墨、纸、砚的起源、制作材料及相关的历史故事。 【详解】1．第二段明确指出“People mainly use the hair of animals to make them”，因此答案是原文直接信息。 2．第三段指出“Two famous skilled men Xi Chao and his son produced a kind of high-quality ink stick. The emperor...was very happy and decided to give them the family name “Li”，说明他们获赐姓氏是因为制作了高质量的墨，这是原文信息，直接提取。 3．第三段指出“In the Song dynasty, its producing area was changed into Huizhou, and it was then called the Hui Ink Stick”，句中“it”指代上文中提到的李墨，答案几乎是原文引述。 4．第四段指出“Later he happened to see the sandalwood in the river. It was wet with the water and turned white. Then he used the bark to produce the xuan paper.”，说明是通过偶然发现河中檀木变白并用树皮造纸而找到方法的，答案几乎是原文引述。 5．第五段指出“People saw the appearance of the Four Famous Ink Stones...in the Ming and Qing dynasties”，因此答案是原文直接信息。 Passage 9 （25-26九年级上·山东东营·期末）阅读下面短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题，并将答案写到答题卡的相应位置。 Everyone wants to write beautifully. And I love something special — Chinese calligraphy (书法). When I was a little child, I loved to watch my grandparents write Chinese characters (汉字) with ink brushes (毛笔). Later I came to learn about many Chinese calligraphers, such as Wang Xizhi of the Jin Dynasty. At the age of 9, I joined a writing class to learn Chinese calligraphy. The teacher showed many of his calligraphy works. I told myself that I would practice hard and try to become as good as him. At first, I followed the teacher carefully. As soon as the teacher wrote a character, I wrote the same one. Before long I could write many difficult characters. I felt happy and believed that I was talented in Chinese calligraphy. I practiced hard for a year, but the teacher told me that I had some problems in my calligraphy. I thought it was just a way to improve my writing skills, but he told me that Chinese calligraphy is part of Chinese culture. Besides, I thought it was just about mimicry (模仿), but he told me that Chinese calligraphy is a creation that comes from the heart. He said that a writer should think carefully about what he wants to show before he starts to write. I’m not sure if I fully understood the teacher. But from then on, ______________________. I will continue practising and I hope I can know the essence (精华) of Chinese calligraphy. 根据短文内容，回答下列问题。 1．Who made the writer interested in Chinese calligraphy when he was a little kid? 2．When did the writer join a writing class? 3．How did the writer feel after he could write many difficult characters? 4．How long did the writer practice hard when the teacher pointed out his problems? 5．Complete the sentence in the last paragraph with proper words. 【答案】1．His grandparents. 2．At the age of 9. 3．He felt happy and believed he was talented. 4．For a year. 5．I spent more time thinking and practicing my writing. 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者从小受祖父母影响对中国书法产生兴趣，并在9岁时参加书法班学习的经历，以及老师对他书法理念的指导和他随后的感悟。 【详解】1．第二段明确指出“When I was a little child, I loved to watch my grandparents write Chinese characters.”，这是原文中的具体人物信息，直接提取。 2．第三段明确指出“At the age of 9, I joined a writing class to learn Chinese calligraphy.”，这是原文中的具体时间信息，直接提取。 3．第四段明确指出“Before long I could write many difficult characters. I felt happy and believed that I was talented in Chinese calligraphy.”，这是原文中的具体感受信息，直接提取。 4．第五段明确指出“I practiced hard for a year, but the teacher told me that I had some problems in my calligraphy.”，这是原文中的具体时长信息，直接提取。 5．本题是开放性试题，答案不唯一。根据第五段老师所说“Chinese calligraphy is a creation that comes from the heart”和“a writer should think carefully about what he wants to show before he starts to write”，作者此后应更注重思考和用心创作，合理作答即可。 ( 1 / 13 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 6 The art of the brush 阅读表达题型专练（话题：人与社会——书法艺术） 热点题型概览 阅读表达 阅读表达所提的问题中,一般疑问句的提问方式频率很低,有时完全删掉,“wh-疑问词”开头的特殊疑问句越来越多,意味着对文章理解要求越来越高。复习备考中,考生要切实提高阅读理解能力和表达能力。平时练习中要通过精读完全理解文章。 解题基本步骤 1. 先看问题，再读文章：把握主题，确定方向，摘取有用的材料，舍弃无关的信息，高效省时。 2. 细读全文，认真推敲：细心阅读与试题有关的词汇、句子或段落，要特别留心一些信息词。 3. 复读全文，验证答案：在找到答案后，应将答案带入问题中，检查有无矛盾，若前后不一致或意思矛盾，则要考虑重选答案。 注意事项 1. 答题有据，避免主观。 2. 符合原文的答案 ＝ 正确答案 ≠ 最佳答案 3. 解题有法，但无定法，贵在得法。要答好阅读理解题，必须多读、巧读和善于思考。要不断扩大词汇量，拓宽阅读面，提高阅读速度，同时也要探索和总结适合自己的方法，实践出真知，多练出效益。 题型夯基提升 巩固基础·专项突破 Passage 1 Chinese brush art is a precious traditional cultural treasure. It includes brush painting and calligraphy, both of which have a history of thousands of years. Different from Western art, Chinese brush art uses simple ink and Xuan paper. It focuses on showing spirit and artistic conception rather than exact shapes. Simple lines and empty spaces create endless beauty. Practising brush art brings many benefits. First, it helps us develop patience and carefulness. Second, it allows us to feel the beauty of nature and traditional culture. Third, it helps us inherit and spread our ancient art. Now many schools offer brush art courses. More teenagers begin to love and learn this traditional art. It is our duty to protect and develop our traditional Chinese art. 1．What does Chinese brush art include? 2．What materials does Chinese brush art use? 3．What does Chinese brush art focus on? 4．How many benefits of practising brush art are mentioned? 5．What is our duty towards traditional Chinese art? Passage 2 阅读回答问题 The ink brush is a traditional tool for writing and painting in ancient China. It’s also one of the “Four Treasures of the Study”. The earliest ink brush was found more than 2,500 years ago. The Han Dynasty (202 BC-220 AD) is an important period for the development of the ink brush, and it is also the time when Cai Lun improved the paper-making method. People began to widely use ink brushes at that time. Meanwhile, the first book on how to produce ink brushes came out. In the Yuan and Ming Dynasties, many ink brush experts got together in Huzhou of Zhejiang Province and the brush-producing industry developed rapidly. Huzhou has been the centre of brush making since the Qing Dynasty. Ink brushes produced there, called Hubi, are the best known. The nib is made of fine, soft animal hair. The stalk is usually made of bamboo, wood or other valuable  materials.The animal hair includes three main kinds: rabbit’s hair, wool and weasel’s hair (黄鼠狼毛). People often call these nibs tuhao, yanghao, and langhao in Chinese. The ink brush is made in three sizes: big, medium and small. Most works of calligraphy are written with a medium-sized brush. Usually,painters and calligraphers have several kinds of brushes on hand to meet personal purposes and preferences. 1．When were ink brushes widely used in ancient China? 2．Where has the centre of brush making been since the Qing Dynasty? 3．What are the three main kinds of animal hair for ink brush nibs? 4．Are most works of calligraphy created with a medium-sized brush? 5．What does the text mainly talk about? Passage 3 The Four Treasures of the Study The “Four Treasures of the Study” are the essential tools for traditional Chinese calligraphy and painting. They are the brush, inkstick, paper, and inkstone. Each has a long history and unique features. The brush, usually made of bamboo and animal hair, is the most important tool. It can produce strokes of various thicknesses and styles. The inkstick is made of soot and glue. To make liquid ink, calligraphers grind the inkstick with water on the inkstone. This grinding process is slow and requires patience, but it produces high-quality ink. The paper used in calligraphy is often xuanzhi, which comes from Xuancheng in Anhui. It is soft, durable, and absorbent, making it ideal for ink. Xuanzhi can preserve the ink’s colour and texture for hundreds of years. These four tools are not just tools; they are part of the artistic experience. Calligraphers believe that using high-quality tools helps them express their emotions more freely. Today, even with modern technology, many artists still prefer these traditional tools. 1．What are the “Four Treasures of the Study”? 2．What is the inkstick made of? 3．How do calligraphers make liquid ink? 4．Why is xuanzhi paper ideal for calligraphy? 5．Why do many artists still prefer traditional tools today? Passage 4 Calligraphy is known as the art of the brush in China. It is an important part of our traditional culture. Practising calligraphy brings many good changes to teenagers. First, it teaches patience. You cannot write beautiful characters without slow and careful practice. Second, it helps you relax. When you focus on every stroke, you can forget your worry and pressure. Many students stop practising soon, because they hope to get fast results. But great works never come easily. You need to keep practising day after day. If you want to learn well, you can watch famous works in museums. Look at how artists control brush tips and make different strokes. You can also take calligraphy lessons to learn basic skills. Calligraphy is not only handwriting. It carries culture, feelings and history. It is a treasure we should protect and pass on. 根据短文内容，回答下列问题 1．What is calligraphy also called? 2．What can calligraphy teach us? 3．Why do many students give up practising quickly? 4．Where can we enjoy famous calligraphy works? 5．What does calligraphy carry besides handwriting skills? Passage 5 阅读下面短文，简略回答问题。 The Chinese have a long tradition of art, and painting is one of the major art forms. It is still popular nowadays. Figure painting Starting from the Han dynasty, artists made people as the main subject of their paintings. These paintings are called figure paintings. Gu Kaizhi (345—409) became famous for his figure paintings during the Jin dynasty. He used fine brushes to outline the people in black. Then he filled them with colour. This detailed, realistic style of painting was known as gongbi. The use of gongbi style resulted in more lifelike figure paintings. Wu Daozi (680—759) was known as the Sage of Painting for his unique painting style. He was very good at painting human figures and created special techniques for painting clothes that seemed to flow with the light wind. Landscape painting Between the Tang and Song dynasties, landscape painting became popular. Artists did ink wash painting with a brush and ink. Many landscape painters were scholar artists. They liked to express themselves through painting. Instead of painting what they saw, they painted the landscapes from their imagination. They also added poems to their paintings. Modern Chinese painters have inherited (继承) the long tradition of Chinese painting and brought this form of art to the world. Zhang Daqian (1899—1983) is regarded as “the Picasso of China” and Wu Guanzhong (1919—2010) was the first Chinese painter whose works were shown at the British Museum. 1．What is the main subject in a figure painting? 2．What’s the characteristic of gongbi style? 3．Which did landscape painters prefer, painting what they saw or painting from their imagination? 4．How many famous Chinese painters are mentioned in this passage? 5．Please write a proper title for this passage. 培优拔高·挑战攻坚 Passage 1 （25-26九年级上·河北邯郸·阶段检测）阅读下面短文，简略回答问题。 Inner painting (内画), a kind of traditional Chinese art, is a national-level intangible cultural heritage (国家级非物质文化遗产). Inner painting artists traditionally create works on the inner surface of glass bottles by using special fine brushes. The brushes must be able to enter the tiny bottles. It has a long history and there are mainly four leading places: Beijing, Hebei, Shandong and Guangdong. When we look at the inner painting of an object, we experience an amazing beauty. Designs on the painting often express people’s wishes for good luck and a happy life. The most popular designs are landscapes, flowers and birds. The production of inner painting is difficult because it requires high precision (精确度) and the process of painting is totally reversed (反向的). During painting, there is no room for corrections. And a shaky hand leads to mistakes. Only those skilled and confident in their abilities can paint well. Most artists need to learn inner painting for years before creating great and fine pieces. Inner painting has its advantages because it is so special. But it also faces challenges such as reducing market needs, and fewer learners and talented artists to help it develop. Luckily, today’s artists are trying to make inner painting more popular in our lives. One of the artists invented a new type of brush, and drawing can be faster now. Some young artists are using social media to help more people learn about inner painting skills. In the future, the inner painting artists wish that people can know more about the art. They also hope inner painting courses can be offered at school for young people to take. 1．Where do inner painting artists create their works? 2．What do the designs on the painting often express? 3．Why is the production of inner painting difficult? 4．How do some young artists help more people learn about inner painting skills? 5．If your school offers an inner painting course, would you like to take it or not? Why? Passage 2 John, a British teacher at Nanjing Normal University (NNU), has practiced Chinese calligraphy for over 25 years. The seeds of his China journey were sown when he joined a program for East Asian Art at London University in 1997. Back then, brushes and ink were not easy to get. Learning Chinese writing meant copying model books and using rice paper. He would practice a single stroke for hours to understand its beauty. “In those days, it was a real challenge,” he said. In 2006, with a high score in the official Chinese language test, he won a scholarship for a summer program at Beijing Language and Culture University. After finishing the study program, John was offered a Nanjing-based job as an art researcher. In 2008, the year Beijing succeeded in hosting the Summer Olympic Games, he got married. In the next year, he started to teach art at NNU. Life in Nanjing has been a wonderful adventure, especially as a witness to the great achievements China has made. It has offered him many chances for personal growth. Today, thanks to high-speed broadband and 5G, he can connect with students at NNU’s partner universities in the UK, France or Mexico while riding on the Nanjing subway. “When you open your eyes to these great projects, it is impossible not to want to be part of them or at least support them somehow,” he said. Although he was busy on teaching days, John applied for a full-time scholarship at the China Academy of Art. In 2022, at 44, he got his Ph.D．in fine arts. “I am quite interested in seal carving, and I know that China is quickly becoming the leader in traditional art research. So, I always write my articles in this area,” he said. “There is always time to follow your dreams unless you decide to give up,” he said. “Taking on seemingly impossible challenges and helping those around you are what makes life worth living.” 根据短文内容，回答下列问题 1．Who is John in this passage? 2．How did John learn Chinese writing in London? 3．When did John start to teach art at NNU? 4．What has offered John many chances for personal growth? 5．What can you learn from John’s experiences? Passage 3 （25-26九年级上·辽宁锦州·期末）Chinese calligraphy (书法) is an important part of traditional Chinese culture. Calligraphy started in China and spread to other parts of Asia with Chinese culture. It has a history of over 3,000 years. Calligraphy is the art of writing Chinese characters (汉字) with a brush in accordance with specific rules (按照特定规则). When you practice calligraphy, it is important to pay attention to the changes of the strokes (笔画) and the spaces between characters. There are many famous calligraphers in history, such as Wang Xizhi and Yan Zhenqing. Different calligraphy works can show different calligraphers’ feelings and personalities (个性). Today, they can be seen on the walls of offices, shops, hotels and many other places. “If I live in China, I will become a calligrapher rather than a painter for sure,” the world-famous master of art, Picasso said. He fell in love with Chinese calligraphy as soon as he saw Zhang Daqian’s works. Calligraphy brushes are the main tools for practicing calligraphy. They are usually made from the hair of different animals. Practicing calligraphy takes a lot of time and many people take lessons to learn it. During the lessons, they can learn how to write different strokes of Chinese characters. If you are interested in it, you may start practicing with a teacher right away. Calligraphy, an amazing traditional art form, shows many Chinese people’s love and admiration for culture and beauty. Chinese people of all ages practice calligraphy often, not to be a calligrapher, but to enjoy the peaceful mind. 1．How long is the history of Chinese calligraphy? 2．What do we need to pay attention to when we practice calligraphy? 3．Why do Chinese people of all ages practice calligraphy often? 4．Would you like to practice calligraphy? Why or why not? Write 30 words or more. Passage 4 （25-26九年级上·内蒙古巴彦淖尔·期末）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，完成下列各题。 13-year-old Zhang Hao loves Chinese calligraphy. He has learned calligraphy for 5 years, and his works have won many prizes. Zhang Hao’s love for calligraphy started when he saw his grandfather writing Chinese characters with a writing brush. He thought the characters were so beautiful and wanted to learn how to write them. At first, learning calligraphy was very hard for Zhang Hao. He had to practice writing the same character hundreds of times every day. His hand often hurt, and he sometimes wanted to give up. But his grandfather told him, “Calligraphy is a traditional Chinese art. It needs patience and hard work. If you stick to it, you will fall in love with it. ” Zhang Hao took his grandfather’s words to heart and kept practicing. Now, calligraphy has become an important part of Zhang Hao’s life. He practices it for one hour every day after finishing his homework. He said writing calligraphy makes him calm and relaxed. It also lets him know more about Chinese traditional culture. “Every Chinese character has a story. When I write them, I feel like I’m talking with the ancient people,” he said. Zhang Hao has a small dream: he wants to hold a calligraphy exhibition in his school next year. He hopes to show his works to his classmates and teachers, and let more people love Chinese calligraphy. “I will keep learning calligraphy and pass on this traditional art,” he said. 1．How long has Zhang Hao learned calligraphy? 2．How does writing calligraphy make Zhang feel? 3．What is Zhang’s small dream? 4．What do you learn from Zhang? Passage 5 Chinese calligraphy is an important part of traditional Chinese culture. Calligraphy started in China and spread to other parts of Asia with Chinese culture. It has a history of 4,000 to 5,000 years. Calligraphy is the art of writing Chinese characters and rules of writing with a brush. When you practice calligraphy, it is important to pay attention to the changes of the strokes and the spaces between characters. There are many famous calligraphers in history, such as Wang Xizhi and Yan Zhenqing. Different calligraphy works can show different calligraphers’ feelings and characters. Today, they can be seen on the walls of offices, shops, hotels and houses. “If I lived in China, I would become a calligrapher rather than a painter for sure,” the world-­famous master of art, Picasso said. He fell in love with Chinese calligraphy as soon as he saw Zhang Daqian’s works. The tool for practicing calligraphy is the calligraphy brush. They are usually made from the hair of different animals. Practicing calligraphy takes lots of time and many people take lessons to learn it. If you’re interested in it, you may start practicing with a teacher right away. Calligraphy, an amazing traditional art form, shows the love that all Chinese people have for culture and beauty. Chinese people of all ages practice calligraphy often, not to be a calligrapher, but to enjoy the peaceful mind. 1．How long is the history of Chinese calligraphy? 2．What do we need to pay attention to when we practice calligraphy? 3．Where can we see Chinese calligraphy works? 4．When did Picasso fall in love with Chinese calligraphy? 5．What’s your understanding of “enjoy the peaceful mind”? Use your own words. Passage 6 （25-26九年级上·山东烟台·期中）阅读下面短文，完成短文后的问题。 The brush pen, one of the “Four Treasures of the Study”, was invented thousands of years ago. It is said that Meng Tian, a general (将军) of the Qin, improved the pen. When Meng was leading an army to fight against Chu, he had to report the situation to his king in time. But his pen was too hard and caused him much trouble, so he was thinking of ways to improve it. One day after hunting, Meng made his way home with some wild rabbits on horseback. Fat and heavy, one rabbit’s tail left a long trail (踪迹) on the ground. Suddenly, Meng Tian got the idea from the rabbit’s tail. “If I tie the rabbit’s hair to a stick, would it be easy to write with?” On arriving home, he tied the rabbit’s hair to a stick and tried writing with it. But the rabbit’s hair was too smooth to write well and wasted a lot of cloth. Meng was so disappointed that he threw away his “invention” into a stone hole in the yard. However, Meng never gave up and kept trying all the time. A few rainy days later, he happened to find his “invention” fatter in a stone hole. He picked it up with hope. The brush worked beautifully on cloth. It turned out that the special water had cleaned the oil from the hair. Meng succeeded at last. Thanks to Meng, the brush pen is playing a key role in Chinese culture. Today, students are taught to use the brush pens in school. It makes their life more colorful and helps them better understand Chinese culture. 1．Why did Meng Tian want to improve his pen? 2．When did Meng Tian get the idea from the rabbit’s tail? 3．How does the brush pen help students? 4．What does the passage mainly talk about? 5．What do you think of Meng Tian? Passage 7 （25-26九年级上·河北石家庄·期末）Chinese calligraphy is an important part of traditional Chinese culture. Calligraphy started in China and spread to other parts of Asia with Chinese culture. It has a history of over 3,500 years. Calligraphy is the art of writing Chinese characters with a brush and following proper writing rules. When you practise calligraphy, it is important to pay attention to the changes of the strokes and the spaces between characters. There are many famous calligraphers in history, such as Wang Xizhi and Yan Zhenqing. Different calligraphy works can show different calligraphers’ feelings and personalities. Today, they can be seen on the walls of offices, shops, hotels and many other places. “If I live in China, I will become a calligrapher rather than a painter for sure,” Picasso, the world-famous master of art, said. He fell in love with Chinese calligraphy as soon as he saw Zhang Daqian’s works. The tools for practising calligraphy are calligraphy brushes. They are usually made of the hair of different animals. Practising calligraphy takes a lot of time and many people take lessons to learn it. During the lessons, they can learn how to write different strokes of Chinese characters. If you’re interested in it, you may start practising with a teacher right away. Calligraphy, an amazing traditional art form, shows the love that all Chinese people have for culture and beauty. Chinese people of all ages practise calligraphy often, not to be a calligrapher, but to enjoy the peaceful mind. 1．How long is the history of Chinese calligraphy? 2．What do we need to pay attention to when we practise calligraphy? 3．When did Picasso fall in love with Chinese calligraphy? 4．Why do Chinese people of all ages practise calligraphy often? 5．Do you like Chinese calligraphy? Why or why not? Passage 8 （25-26九年级上·山东烟台·期末）阅读下面短文，完成短文后的问题 In China, writing brushes, ink (墨锭) sticks, paper and ink stones are called the Four Treasures of the Study. Among the high-quality (高质量) treasures, the writing brush produced in Huzhou, the ink stick produced in Huizhou, the xuan paper made in Xuancheng and the ink stone made in Duanxi are the best known. The writing brushes can be used to draw pictures on painted pottery (彩陶). People mainly use the hair of animals to make them. Those made of wool (羊毛) are called yanghao and those made of the weasel’s (鼬) tail hair are called langhao. Their artistic effects (效果) in writing and painting cannot be copied by any other pens. The ink stick is the pigment (颜料) used in writing and painting. The ink stick produced in Huizhou is of high-quality. A story goes like this: Two famous skilled men, Xi Chao and his son, produced a kind of high-quality ink stick. The emperor in the Southern Tang dynasty was very happy and decided to give them the family name “Li”. From then on, the name of the Li Ink Stick was widespread. In the Song dynasty, its producing area was changed to Huizhou, and it was then called the Hui Ink Stick. Paper is among the four great inventions of ancient China. In Xuanzhou, Anhui Province where the xuan paper is produced, it’s said that there was a person who took the job of producing paper but failed to make perfect white paper. Later he happened to see the sandalwood (檀木) in the river. It was wet with the water and turned white. Then he used the bark (树皮) to produce the xuan paper. The ink stone was already very popular in the Han dynasty. People saw the appearance of the Four Famous Ink Stones—Duan Ink Stone, She Ink Stone, Tao Ink Stone and Chengni Ink Stone in the Ming and Qing dynasties. They can be used for writing and painting. 1．What are the writing brushes mainly made of? 2．Why did Xi Chao and his son get the family name from the emperor? 3．What does “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to (指的是)? 4．How did the person find the way to make the famous xuan paper by accident? (No more than 20 words) 5．When did the Four Famous Ink Stones appear? Passage 9 （25-26九年级上·山东东营·期末）阅读下面短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题，并将答案写到答题卡的相应位置。 Everyone wants to write beautifully. And I love something special — Chinese calligraphy (书法). When I was a little child, I loved to watch my grandparents write Chinese characters (汉字) with ink brushes (毛笔). Later I came to learn about many Chinese calligraphers, such as Wang Xizhi of the Jin Dynasty. At the age of 9, I joined a writing class to learn Chinese calligraphy. The teacher showed many of his calligraphy works. I told myself that I would practice hard and try to become as good as him. At first, I followed the teacher carefully. As soon as the teacher wrote a character, I wrote the same one. Before long I could write many difficult characters. I felt happy and believed that I was talented in Chinese calligraphy. I practiced hard for a year, but the teacher told me that I had some problems in my calligraphy. I thought it was just a way to improve my writing skills, but he told me that Chinese calligraphy is part of Chinese culture. Besides, I thought it was just about mimicry (模仿), but he told me that Chinese calligraphy is a creation that comes from the heart. He said that a writer should think carefully about what he wants to show before he starts to write. I’m not sure if I fully understood the teacher. But from then on, ______________________. I will continue practising and I hope I can know the essence (精华) of Chinese calligraphy. 根据短文内容，回答下列问题。 1．Who made the writer interested in Chinese calligraphy when he was a little kid? 2．When did the writer join a writing class? 3．How did the writer feel after he could write many difficult characters? 4．How long did the writer practice hard when the teacher pointed out his problems? 5．Complete the sentence in the last paragraph with proper words. ( 1 / 13 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $