Unit 3 Food and Culture（教材考点精练）英语人教版选择性必修第二册

**基本信息** 以“饮食文化”为主题，系统整合词汇、语法、阅读等模块，通过词形关联与语境应用构建知识网络，提升语言能力与文化意识。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |考点概览|15单词+8短语+12派生词+2句型|词汇分层梳理（基础-派生-辨析）|从核心词汇到派生词形变化（如consist→consistent→consistency），结合句型语法解析（形容词作状语、定语从句）| |小题夯基|15单词拼写+25语法填空+20选词填空+20完成句子|基础题型全覆盖，聚焦语境应用|以单词拼写巩固词汇记忆，语法填空强化词形转换与介词搭配，完成句子实现词汇语法综合输出| |综合攻坚|3阅读+1七选五+1完形+1语法填空|语篇理解与文化渗透结合|通过饮食文化相关语篇（如各国特色食物、中国辣椒历史）考查推理判断，完形填空融入跨文化交际情境，提升思维品质与文化意识|

Unit 3 Food and Culture 单元重点单词短语句型语法精练 （时间：120分钟，满分：150分） 教材考点概览 1． 重点单词： stuff vt.&n.填满，把……塞进│东西，物品； elegant adj.精美的，讲究的，文雅的 exceptional adj.特别的，罕见的. minimum adj.&n.最低(限度)的，最小的│最小值，最少量 consume vt.吃，喝，饮，消耗 temper n.脾气，火气 stable adj.稳定的，稳重的 somewhat adv.有点，稍微 quantity n.数量，数额 ideal adj.&n.完美的，理想的，想象的│理想，完美的人(或事物) fundamental adj.&n.根本的，基础的，基本的│基本规律，根本法则 consistent adj.一致的，连续的 modest adj.些许的，谦虚的，朴素的 trick n.诀窍，计谋，把戏 2． 重点短语： prior to ……之前的 consist of 由……组成(或构成) slice…off 切下 junk food 垃圾食品 regardless of 不管，不顾 cool down 冷却 warm up 热身 cut down 减少，减低 cut out 停止做 3． 派生词： consist (v.)----adj.‌consistent‌(一致的)----n.‌consistency‌(一致性)； consistent(adj.)----‌inconsistent‌(反义词) lamb (n.羊羔)----lame (adj.跛足的)----lamp (n.灯) elegant (adj.)—n. elegance—adv.‌elegantly‌ exceptional (adj.)----prep.‌except‌----n.‌exception‌(例外)----adv.‌exceptionally‌(异常地) minimum (adj.)----‌maximum‌(反义词)； minimum----v.‌minimize‌(最小化)----adj.‌minimal‌(极小的) consume (v.)----n.‌consumption‌(消费)----n.‌consumer‌(消费者)‌ dessert (n.甜点)----desert (n&v.沙漠/遗弃) stable (adj.)----adv.‌stably‌(稳定地)----n.‌stability‌(稳定性)； somewhat (adv.有点)----anyhow (adv.无论如何)---somehow (adv.以某种方式) association (n.协会)----v.‌associate‌(关联/交往) dairy (n.乳品)----‌diary‌(n.日记) moderation (n.)----adj.‌moderate‌(适度的) ideal (adj.)----n.‌idealism‌(理想主义)----adv.‌ideally‌(理想地)‌‌ fundamental (adj.)----adv. ‌fundamentally‌ (根本地)； modest (adj.)----n. ‌modesty‌ (谦虚)； trick (n&v.)----adj. ‌tricky‌ (狡猾的/难对付的)‌‌ 4． 重点句型： 1. Tired,hungry, and not knowing a word of Chinese, we had no idea how to order, so the chef just began filling our table with the best food we had ever eaten. 此句主句为we had no idea how to order,前面的Tired,hungry, and not knowing a word of Chinese为原因状语，其中Tired,hungry为形容词作状语。此句理解为：我们又累又饿，一句中文也不懂，不知道该怎么点菜，于是厨师便在我们的桌上摆满了我们吃过的最美味的食物。 2. It has become a favourite traditional dish of the people in North China, where making dumplings has always been a family affair with everyone-from the youngest to the oldest-joining in to help. 从句中，where 引导的是一个定语从句，修饰先行词North China。定语从句中还有一个with的复合结构。从句理解为：它已成为中国北方人民最喜爱的传统菜肴，在那里，包饺子一直是一项家庭活动，从年幼者到年长者，每个人都会参与帮忙。 考点夯基攻坚 小题夯基·精准突破 一、单词拼写: (每题1分，共计15分) 1．Due to the use of new techniques, the traditional china vases can be produced in large q________.（根据首字母填空） 【答案】quantities 【详解】考查名词。句意：由于采用了新技术，传统的瓷花瓶可以大批量生产。in large quantities大量地。根据首字母提示及句意，故填quantities。 2．In the __________ (自助餐厅) we serve ourselves. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】cafeteria 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：在自助餐厅我们自便。此处指一个自助餐厅，用单数名词cafeteria（自助餐厅）作介词In 的宾语。故填cafeteria。 3．A __________ (食堂) is a place in a factory or military base where meals or snacks are served to the people who work there. （根据汉语意思填空） 【答案】canteen 【详解】考查名词。句意：食堂是工厂或军事基地里为在那里工作的人提供膳食或小吃的地方。A后接单数名词做主语。再结合汉语提示。故填canteen。 4．If you want to open a restaurant， you should ask Mary for advice. She knows all the t__________of the trade.（根据首字母填空） 【答案】tricks 【详解】考查名词。根据句意，此处需填“诀窍”。表示“诀窍”可用trick。可数名词。根据all the可知，此处应用名词复数。故填tricks。 5．Various ________(品牌)of watches are now on display in the shop windows. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】brands 【详解】考查名词。句意：商店橱窗里陈列着各种品牌的手表。brand“品牌”是可数名词，various修饰可数名词复数，故填brands。 6．It was such a delicious d________(甜点) that I decided to order another portion. （根据中英文提示填空） 【答案】dessert/essert 【详解】考查名词。句意：这道甜点太美味了，我决定再点一份。根据汉语提示“甜点”和首字母可知，此处应用名词dessert作表语，由a可知，应用单数，故填dessert。 7．Based on their personal experience, c____________(厨师)make various dishes. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】chefs 【详解】考查名词词义。句意：根据个人的经验，厨师会做各种各样的菜肴。根据汉语提示“厨师”以及首字母提示，此处应该填chef，谓语动词make为复数形式，故主语为复数形式，故答案为chefs。 8．I need to find a ________ (稳定的) job to cover my living expenses. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】stable 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我需要找一份稳定的工作来支付我的生活费用。根据汉语提示“稳定的”可知，此处为形容词stable，作定语，修饰名词job。故填stable。 9．Our body cells require many substances, such as iron, certain of ________ (维生素) and fats. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】vitamins 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们的身体细胞需要许多物质，如铁、某些维生素和脂肪。表示“维生素”使用名词vitamin，和fats并列作宾语，应用名词复数形式vitamins，故填vitamins。 10．Increasing numbers of people are sensitive to ________ (奶制的) products. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】dairy 【详解】考查形容词。句意：越来越多的人对乳制品过敏。“奶制的”应用形容词dairy，作修饰products的定语。故填dairy。 11．The majority of scientists are ________ (谦虚的) about their achievements no matter how great they are, not liking showing off on public occasions. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】modest 【详解】考查形容词。句意：大多数科学家对自己的成就都很谦虚，无论成就有多大，都不喜欢在公共场合炫耀。“谦虚的”使用形容词modest，作表语，故填modest。 12．AI can be used to promote ________ (基础的) skills, such as mathematical education and vocabulary lessons. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】fundamental 【详解】考查形容词。句意：人工智能可以用来提高基本技能，比如数学教育和词汇课。表示“基础的”使用形容词fundamental，作定语修饰名词skills。故填fundamental。 13．My grandmother’s handwritten ________ (食谱) for apple pie is our family’s treasure. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】recipe 【详解】考查名词。句意：我祖母手写的苹果派食谱是我们家的珍贵遗产。“食谱”应用名词recipe，作主语，且“is”表明可数名词recipe应用单数形式。故填recipe。 14．He believes that students should be encouraged to experiment with b_________________ (大胆的) ideas. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】bold＃＃old 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他认为应该鼓励学生大胆进行实验。根据汉语提示及“ideas”可知，空处需要形容词作定语，修饰名词，bold作形容词，表示“大胆的”符合句意。故填bold。 15．More importantly, computer science is closely related to most fields of science and has a decisive role in one country’s ________ (全面的) development. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】overall 【详解】考查形容词。句意：更重要的是，计算机科学与大多数科学领域密切相关，对一个国家的全面发展具有决定性作用。根据汉语提示可知，overall“全面的”，形容词，在句中作定语修饰名词development。故填overall。 二、语法填空: (每空1分，共计25分) 16．The apartments are ideal single people living alone. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】for 【详解】考查介词。句意：这些公寓非常适合独自生活的单身人士居住。短语be ideal for表示“适合”。故填for。 17．They remained (fundamental)opposed to the plan. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】fundamentally 【详解】考查副词。句意：他们仍然从根本上反对这项计划。结合句意及空后的opposed可知应填副词形式，修饰形容词opposed，作状语。故填fundamentally。 18．There is a strong (associate) between diet and health. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】association 【详解】考查名词。句意：饮食与健康之间有很强的联系。本句是there be句型，空处为主语，前面有a修饰，应用名词单数形式，故填association。 19．The old gardener then realized that he （trick）because the tortoise was not afraid of water. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】had been tricked 【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意： 这个老园丁这才意识到自己被骗了，因为陆龟根本就不怕水。“被骗”发生在“意识到”之前，所以用过去完成时，表示动作发生在过去的过去。主语he和动词trick之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，故填 had been tricked。 20． (quantity) of fireworks were set off to welcome the new year. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Quantities 【详解】考查名词短语及主谓一致。句意：大量的烟花被燃放来迎接新年。“quantities of + 名词”表示“大量的……”，此时谓语动词用复数形式，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Quantities。 21．The cook sliced a thick piece from the beef. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】off 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：厨师从牛肉上切下厚厚的一片。表示“切下”，用固定短语slice off，故填off。 22．My monitor stood at the door with his hands (stuff) into the pockets. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】stuffed 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：我的班长站在门口，双手插在口袋里。设空处为with的宾语补足语，和宾语his hands之间是被动关系，应用过去分词，故填stuffed。 23．She’s (ideal) suited for this job. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】ideally 【详解】考查副词。句意：她非常适合这份工作。分析句子结构可知，空格处修饰形容词suited，修饰形容词需用副词形式。所给词ideal是形容词，其副词形式为ideally，意为“理想地；完美地”。故填ideally。 24．They believed that the greater the diversity the (stable) the ecosystem. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】more stable 【详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：他们认为生物多样性越大，生态系统就越稳定。“the+比较级...，the+比较级...”为固定句型，意为“越……，就越……”，空处需填形容词比较级more stable。故填more stable。 25．Many of the state’s beaches fail to meet (minimize) standards of cleanliness. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】minimum 【详解】考查形容词。句意：该州的许多海滩未能达到最低的清洁标准。根据“meet ... standards (达到……标准)”可知，此空是定语修饰名词standards。所给词minimize是动词，意为“使减少到最低限度”，其对应的形容词为minimum，意为“最低的；最小的”。meet minimum standards意为“达到最低标准”。故填minimum。 26．I put it in my mouth slowly, still looking down, (chew) while I thought. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】chewing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我慢慢地把它放进嘴里，仍然低着头，一边思考一边咀嚼。分析句子结构可知，句子里已有谓语动词put，且空前无连接词，因此chew (咀嚼) 应用非谓语动词形式。I与chew是主谓关系，故用现在分词作伴随状语。故填chewing。 27．Americans like Tso’s chicken, (consist) of fried chicken (flavour) with hot red peppers. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】 consisting flavoured 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：美国人喜欢用红辣椒调味的炸鸡做的左氏鸡。句中谓语是like，空格处用非谓语动词，consist of无被动语态，第一空用现在分词表主动，作后置定语；chicken和flavour之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此第二空用过去分词表被动，作后置定语。故填①consisting；②flavoured。 28． to the invention of paper, ancient Chinese wrote on bamboo slips, showing their first was to record information. (prior) （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】 Prior priority 【详解】考查形容词和名词。句意：在纸发明之前，古代中国人在竹简上书写，这表明他们的首要之事是记录信息。第一空，“prior to...”为固定搭配，意为“在……之前” ，用于句首说明时间先后顺序，所以填Prior，首字母大写。第二空为名词priority作宾语。故填Prior；priority。 29．During festivals, families special foods, and this strengthens cultural bonds. (consume) （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】 consume consumption 【详解】考查动词以及名词。句意：在节日期间，家人们会享用特色食物，而这种饮食行为能加强文化纽带。第一个空需要动词作谓语，表示“享用；消费”，且根据语境“During festivals”可知，句子陈述一般事实 ，所以时态为一般现在时，主语families为复数，谓语动词用原形。第二个空需要名词作主语，表示“消费行为；饮食行为”。consumption为名词“消费；消耗”，符合语境。  故填①consume②consumption 30．The of Chinese calligraphy attracts many learners, and the brushwork is not easy to master. (elegant) (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】 elegance elegant 【详解】考查名词和形容词。句意：中国书法的优美韵味吸引了众多学习者，而其精美的笔法却并非易事，难以掌握。第一空，为名词作主语，表示“优美”用elegance；第二空，修饰brushwork，用形容词作定语，elegant“优美的，精美的”符合题意。故填①elegance②elegant。 31．The beauty of Chinese calligraphy of four basic skills, and its style development over centuries shows the of our cultural values. (consistent) （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】 consists consistent consistency 【详解】考查动词，形容词和名词。句意：中国书法之美包含四项基本功，而其数百年来一贯的风格发展则体现了我们文化价值观的连贯性。第一空，作谓语，用动词consist，描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语为“书法”，谓语动词用第三人称单数consists；第二空，修饰style为形容词作定语，consistent“一贯的”符合题意；第三空，作shows的宾语，用名词consistency“连贯性”。故填①consists；②consistent；③consistency。 32．The Peking Opera performers’ skills are truly , with no among the cast; for a few modern innovations, the art form has remained unchanged for centuries. (exceptional) （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】 exceptional exception except 【详解】考查形容词、名词和介词。句意：京剧演员们的技艺确实堪称一流，整个剧团的成员无一例外都是如此；除了少数现代化的创新元素外，这一艺术形式已经数百年来未曾有过任何改变。第一空作表语，用形容词exceptional；第二空作介词的宾语，用名词exception；第三空表示“除了”短语为except for。故填①exceptional；②exception；③except。 三、选词填空：（每空1分，共计20分） A chew, consume, category, consist of, quantities of, regardless of Food and healthy eating is a lasting and universal topic. So what does healthy eating 33 ?As far as I am concerned, the key lies in eating different 34 of food in moderation. Many people 35 36 junk food 37 the outcome. Besides, eat your meals slowly and 38 your food carefully. All in all, we should have a wise attitude towards food. After all, we eat to live but not live to eat. 【答案】33．consist of 34．categories 35．consume 36．quantities of 37．regardless of 38．chew 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是如何健康饮食。 33．考查固定短语，时态和主谓一致。句意：那么健康饮食包括什么呢？由后面的“As far as I am concerned, the key lies in different____ of food in moderation”可知，句子表示“那么健康饮食包括什么呢”，空格处意为“包括”，是固定短语consist of，通篇时态是一般现在时，前面有does，空格处用动词原形，故填consist of。 34．考查名词的复数。句意：在我看来，关键是要有节制地吃不同种类的食物。由“eating different____of food in moderation”及常识可知，句子表示“关键是要有节制地吃不同种类的食物”，空格处意为“种类”，是category，different后用复数，即categories，故填categories。 35．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：许多人不顾后果地大量食用垃圾食品。由后面的“junk food”可知，人是食用垃圾食品，空格处意为“吃”，是consume，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语Many people是复数，因此空格处用动词原形，故填consume。 36．考查固定短语。句意：许多人不顾后果地大量食用垃圾食品。由前面的“eating different____of food in moderation”可知，本句是说“许多人不顾后果地大量食用垃圾食品”，空格处意为“大量的”，是固定短语quantities of，故填quantities of。 37．考查固定短语。句意：许多人不顾后果地大量食用垃圾食品。由“Many people____ ____junk food”和“the outcome”可知，句子表示“许多人不顾后果地大量食用垃圾食品”，空格处意为“不顾”，是固定短语regardless of，故填regardless of。 38．考查祈使句。句意：此外，慢慢吃饭，仔细咀嚼食物。and表并列，“eat your meals slowly”是祈使句，空格处的句子也是祈使句，用动词原形，由“eat your meals slowly”可知，句子表示“慢慢吃饭，仔细咀嚼食物”，空格处意为“咀嚼”，是chew，故填chew。 B A．elegant    B．cuisine      C． recipe    D．exceptional    E. lamb   F. vinegar The French author Jean Anthelme Brillat­Savarin once wrote, “Tell me what you eat, and I will tell you what you are.”, which seems to be true. Chinese 39 is a case in point. For example, people in Shandong like boiled dumplings served with 40 . Traditionally, people in Xinjiang spent most of their time on horseback, so they prefer their food to be cooked over an open fire—usually boiled or roasted meat, such as 41 kebab. In Shandong, the most famous food is pancake rolls stuffed with sliced Chinese green onions. You can experience wonderful local dishes in South and Central China, from Guangdong’s 42 dim sum—small servings of food in bamboo steamers—to the 43 stewed noodles In Henan. 【答案】39．B 40．F 41．E 42．A 43．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国几个不同地区的美味佳肴和饮食习俗。 【详解】39．考查名词。句意：中国菜就是一个很好的例子。根据句意和空格前的形容词Chinese分析句子可知，空格处应该填入一个名词作主语，且意义为“菜肴，饭菜”，cuisine“菜肴，饭菜”为名词，符合句意，由is可知，用单数。故选B项。 40．考查名词。句意：例如，山东人喜欢用醋煮饺子。根据句意和空格前的介词with分析句子可知，空格处应该填入一个名词作介词with的宾语，且意义为“醋”，vinegar“醋”为名词，且为不可数名词。故选F项。 41．考查名词。句意：传统上，新疆人大部分时间都在马背上度过，所以他们更喜欢在明火上烹制食物——通常是煮熟或烤熟的肉，比如羊肉串。根据句意和空格后的kebab分析句子可知，空格处作定语，且意义为“羔羊肉”，应用lamb“羔羊肉”为名词，符合句意。故选E项。 42．考查形容词。句意：你可以品尝到中国南部和中部美味的地方菜肴，从广东优雅的点心（用竹蒸锅盛的小份食物）到河南独特的烩面。根据句意和空格后的名词dim sum分析句子可知，空格处应该填入一个形容词作定语，修饰后面的dim sum，且意义为“优雅的”，elegant“优雅的”为形容词，符合句意。故选A项。 43．考查形容词。句意：你可以品尝到中国南部和中部美味的地方菜肴，从广东优雅的点心（用竹蒸锅盛的小份食物）到河南独特的烩面。根据句意和空格后的stewed noodles分析句子可知，空格处应该填入一个形容词作定语，修饰后面的stewed noodles，且意义为“特别的”，exceptional“特别的”为形容词，符合句意。故选D项。 C minimum    elegant    fibre    desserts recipe    exceptional    chef    prior to 44．A: Why do you eat so many bananas? B: Because bananas offer an excellent source of and vitamins. 45．A: How do you manage to stay so slim and fit? B: I have brought my consumption of sweets and down to the bare 46．A: How do you like your new cooking classes? B: They’re ! The teacher used to be a famous in a big hotel. 47．A: What is Jessie busy with in the kitchen? B: She is trying a new for pumpkin pie. 48．A: Why did they refuse the dinner invitation? B: They had to refuse the dinner invitation because of an engagement made it. 49．A: How did you find the restaurant you visited yesterday? B: It was beautiful and ! We’ve never been to such an attractive restaurant before. 【答案】44．fibre 45． desserts minimum 46． exceptional chef 47．recipe 48．prior to 49．elegant 【解析】44．考查名词。句意：A：你为什么吃这么多香蕉？ B：因为香蕉富含纤维和维生素。根据下文“ and vitamins”可知，此处指香蕉富含维生素和纤维。fibre“纤维”，为名词。故填fibre。 45．考查名词。句意：A：你是怎么保持这么苗条和健康的? B：我已经把糖果和甜点的摄入量降到了最低限度。根据上文“stay so slim and fit”及“brought my consumption of sweets”和空后的“down”，可知为了保持苗条，此处指减少糖和甜点的摄入量。desserts“甜点”，所以第一空填desserts；第二空应为“最小量”，minimum“最少量”，故填①desserts②minimum。 46．考查形容词/名词。句意：A：你觉得你的新烹饪班怎么样！B：它们是独一无二的！这位老师曾经是一家大饭店的著名厨师。结合下文“ The teacher used to be a famous 　　　in a big hotel.”可知，对于这门课是肯定的，因为老师之前是一家大饭店的厨师。所以第一空填形容词exceptional“非同一般的”；根据上文“cooking classes”及“The teacher used to be a famous”和下文“in a big hotel”可知，第二空此处指老师是厨师，故填①exceptional②chef。 47．考查名词。句意：A：杰西在厨房里忙什么呢? B：她在尝试做南瓜派的新做法。根据空前“new”和空后的“ pumpkin pie”可知，这里指杰西正在厨房试着做南瓜派的新的烹饪方法。recipe“烹饪法”符合题意，故填recipe。 48．考查短语。句意：A：他们为什么拒绝晚宴的邀请? B：他们不得不拒绝晚宴的邀请，因为他们事先有约在先。根据句中“refuse the dinner invitation”可知，他们拒绝了晚宴的邀请。it指“the dinner invitation”，结合空前“an engagement made”可知，engagement“（尤指出于商业或社交目的的）约会，约定”在晚宴之前，短语：prior to“优于，早于”，符合题意，故填prior to。 49．考查形容词。句意：A：你觉得你昨天去的那家餐厅怎么样? B：很漂亮，很优雅！我们以前从没去过这么有吸引力的餐厅。根据上文“beautiful”可知，这家餐厅是漂亮的，所以空处应用与beautiful相当的形容词，elegant“(某物)雅致的；陈设讲究的”符合题意，故填elegant。 四、完成句子：（每题2分，共计20分） 50．网上购物是当今消费的一种新途径。 Internet shopping is ________. 【答案】a new way of consumption 【详解】考查名词短语。根据汉语提示和句意，设空处缺“消费的一种新途径”，表达为名词短语a new way of consumption，作表语。故填a new way of consumption。 51．美国人如今每天吃的蔬菜是他们 2016 年时吃的两倍多。 Americans eat__________ __________ __________ __________ __________vegetables each day today as they did in 2016. 【答案】 more than twice as many 【详解】考查倍数表达法。根据汉语提示中的“是……的两倍多”，这里表示倍数。结合句中的as they did可知，这里应用“倍数+as...as...”结构，表示“是……的几倍”，表示数量多少时，两个as之间可用many或much，且其后可跟名词。“两倍多”可表示为more than twice。且根据句意，这里比较的是吃蔬菜数量的多少，且句中的vegetables是名词复数，所以这里应用many。故填more；than；twice；as；many。 52．Hard work______________（是成功的基础）. （根据汉语提示完成句子） 【答案】is fundamental to success 【详解】考查主谓一致/固定短语/名词。句意：努力工作是成功的基础。根据汉语提示可知，此处应用短语“be fundamental to...（ 是...…的基础, 是...…的根本）”，主语work为不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式，句意描述客观事实，时态为一般现在时，所以谓语为is fundamental to；表示“成功”应用名词education作宾语，故填is fundamental to success。 53． 不管昨天发生了什么，也不管明天可能发生或者不会发生什么，现在才是我们关注的所在。 ________and what may or may not happen tomorrow, the present moment is where we are. 【答案】Regardless of what happened yesterday 【详解】考查介词短语、宾语从句。根据汉语提示和句意，设空处应填“不管昨天发生了什么”，“不管”表达为介词短语regardless of，后接宾语从句“昨天发生了什么”，陈述过去的动作，用一般过去时，表达为what happened yesterday，为宾语从句，设空处在句首，首个单词的首字母要大写。结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为：Regardless of what happened yesterday。 54．当孩子们调皮捣蛋时，我努力控制自己的脾气。 I struggle to ________________ with the kids when they misbehave. (temper) 【答案】keep my temper 【详解】考查动词短语。表示“控制自己的脾气”使用动词短语keep one’s temper，空处使用动词原形和前面的to构成动词不定式，one’s和主语I一致，使用my，故填keep my temper。 55．穿绿色外套的女孩看起来比她的同伴更优雅。（现在分词作定语；elegant） The girl _______________________________________________________ than her companion. 【答案】 wearing a green coat looks more elegant 【详解】考查现在分词及形容词比较级。根据句意，“穿绿色外套的”为wear a green coat作定语修饰名词girl，两者之间为主动关系，所以需要用现在分词短语作定语，表示“看起来”用系动词look作谓语，描述当前的情况，所以此处使用一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词为looks；表示“优雅”为elegant，结合下文的than可知，此处为形容词的比较级为more elegant，符合句子结构要求。故填①wearing②a③green④coat⑤looks⑥more⑦elegant 。 56．在来这儿之前，他从事过厨师工作。(prior to) ________________, he worked as a chef. 【答案】Prior to coming here 【详解】考查固定短语。根据句意可知，表示“在……之前”可用固定短语prior to，其中to是介词；表示“来这儿”可用短语come here，且用动名词形式作介词to的宾语。故答案为Prior to coming here。 57．我的朋友捉弄我，把我的钥匙藏了起来；这有点烦人。 My friend ________ by hiding my keys, which was a bit annoying. 【答案】played a trick on me 【详解】考查动词短语和时态。表示“捉弄”应用动词短语play a trick on sb.，结合“was”可知，使用一般过去时；表示“我”应用me。故填played a trick on me。 58．他们吃大量的垃圾食品，垃圾食品的热量很高。 They __________________. 【答案】consume a large quantity of junk food that/which is high in calories 【详解】考查时态、固定短语、定语从句。由所给句意可知，空格处应表达“吃大量的垃圾食品，垃圾食品的热量很高”。表示“消耗，吃”用consume，结合语境可知本句陈述事实，故时态用一般现在时，且主语为They，故谓语用动词原形。表示“大量的”用固定短语a large quantity of。表示“垃圾食品”用固定短语junk food，作a large quantity of的宾语 。表示“垃圾食品的热量很高”用限制性定语从句，先行词是junk food，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that/which引导，be动词用is，表示“热量很高”用high in calories。故填consume a large quantity of junk food that/which is high in calories。 59．长途旅行之后, 他们三个又冷又饿地回到了家。 After the long journey, the three of them went back home, _______________. 【答案】 cold and hungry 【详解】考查形容词作状语。根据句意，cold表示“冷的”，说明人的感受，hungry表示“饥饿的”，此处是形容词作伴随状语，形容主语回到家的状态，故填cold and hungry。 综合攻坚·知能拔高 一、阅读理解：（每题2.5分，共计27.5分） A It’s hard to say what is normal and what is weird where food is concerned — it all depends on the taste of the individual and which part of the world you come from. One person’s nightmare is another person’s delicacy. Here are a few of the strangest types of food from around the world. Haggis (Scotland) A world-famous dish, haggis is made from the parts of a sheep many people would throw away. The heart, lungs and liver are mixed together with onion, spices and oatmeal, then put inside a sheep’s stomach and boiled for three hours. Sannakji (Korea) Now that Japanese sushi is popular around the world, many people are used to eating raw fish. But Sannakji is different. It consists of octopus which is sliced up while alive. The octopus is then cooked in sesame oil and served with a dipping sauce. If you don’t chew the octopus carefully, it’s possible that the tiny suction cups on tentacles (触须) can stick to your throat. Fugu (Japan) Fugu is a famous Japanese fish filled with enough of the poison substance to be deadly. Chefs have to be trained before they can prepare the fish. Fugu actually tastes quite mild. The excitement is in surviving the experience of eating it. Frogs’ legs (France) Frogs’legs are a popular dish in France, usually served with garlic. They’re said to taste like chicken, but some people find them to be too chewy. If you’re feeling brave, you can try frogs’ legs for yourself — just be sure to remove the skin and bones before you eat them. 1．What do you need to pay attention to while eating Sannakji? A．Eating carefully and slowly. B．Boiling it with dipping sauce. C．Slicing up the dead octopus. D．Preparing a cup of sesame oil. 2．Which dish offers diners a thrill of danger? A．Haggis from Scotland. B．Sannakji from Korea. C．Fugu from Japan. D．Frogs’legs from France. 3．Where does this text probably come from? A．A special menu. B．A cooking recipe. C．A food magazine. D．A nutrition guidebook. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．C 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了世界上四种奇怪的食物。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据第三段“If you don’t chew the octopus carefully, it’s possible that the tiny suction cups on tentacles (触须) can stick to your throat.(如果你不仔细咀嚼章鱼，触手上的小吸盘可能会粘在你的喉咙上)”可知，吃Sannakji时需要细嚼慢咽。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Fugu is a famous Japanese fish filled with enough of the poison substance to be deadly. Chefs have to be trained before they can prepare the fish. Fugu actually tastes quite mild. The excitement is in surviving the experiences of eating it.(河豚是一种著名的日本鱼类，体内充满了足以致命的有毒物质。厨师们在做鱼之前必须接受培训。河豚的味道其实很清淡。令人兴奋的是在吃它的过程中幸存下来)”可知，日本的河豚能让食客感受到危险的刺激。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据第一段“It’s hard to say what is normal and what is weird where food is concerned—it all depends on the taste of the individual and which part of the world you come from. One person’s nightmare is another person’s delicacy. Here are a few of the strangest types of food from around the world.(在食物方面，很难说什么是正常的，什么是奇怪的——这完全取决于个人的口味和你来自世界的哪个地方。一个人的噩梦是另一个人的美味。这里有一些来自世界各地的最奇怪的食物)”结合文章主要介绍了世界上奇怪的四种食物。由此可推知，文章选自一本食物杂志。故选C。 B Home cooks like it. Restaurants include it in new dishes. It’s chili crisp (油辣椒), and it’s highly popular in the food world. The Chinese condiment (辛辣调味品) is a kitchen powerhouse known for its many different uses and heat. But how did the must-have condiment get started? Originally from Central and South America, chilies were unknown in China until around the 16th century, when an increase in exploration and trade brought chilies to the Chinese mainland. The first written record of the chili in China dates from 1591. Gao Lian, who lived near what is now Shanghai and wrote plays, wasn’t all that excited about it as a condiment or a medicine. Instead, he used it as a decorative plant. But while wealthy Chinese enjoyed chilies in their decorative gardens, the masses began eating and enjoying the plants. By 1765, chilies were widely used in dishes. There’s even a recipe for chili crisp in The Harmonious Cauldron, the earliest Chinese cookbook to include chilies. Unlike other spices (调味品), chilies weren’t farmed and traded as goods. Instead, they were passed from person to person and grown in small fields, falling into the hands of skilled farmers who developed even better chilies over time. These chilies — and the condiment made by cooking them in oil — became must-have cooking materials all over China, becoming so widespread that they were considered part of the nation’s identity. By the 20th century, chilies cooked in oil were a standard in homes and restaurants. But though the condiment was brought to the United States and served at Chinese restaurants, it was not until 1997 that chili crisp was produced and sold widely. That year, Tao Huabi began selling Lao Gan Ma Spicy Chili Crisp from China’s Guizhou Province. Over time, chili crisp has built a strong following around the world. “You can learn a lot about a culture through food,” said Brian Dott, author of The Chile Pepper in China: A Cultural Biography. It seems the condiment won’t stop bringing the heat any time soon. 4．What did Gao Lian think of the chili? A．It was a powerful medicine. B．It was a must-have condiment. C．It was a popular food. D．It was a nice decoration. 5．What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A．The introduction of chilies to China. B．The development of chilies in China. C．The influence of chilies on Chinese trade. D．The popularity of chilies among wealthy Chinese. 6．What did Tao Huabi do in 1997? A．She brought chili crisp to the market. B．She wrote a cookbook about chilies. C．She used chili crisp in her restaurants. D．She planted chilies throughout Guizhou. 7．What can we infer from the passage? A．Chilies were first used as food by wealthy people in China. B．Lao Gan Ma helped make chili crisp known worldwide. C．Chili crisp is only popular in Chinese restaurants. D．Chilies have been in China for over 600 years. 【答案】4．D 5．B 6．A 7．B 【导语】本文梳理了中国特色调味品——油辣椒的起源与发展历程。 【详解】4．细节理解题。根据第三段“Gao Lian, who lived near what is now Shanghai and wrote plays, wasn’t all that excited about it as a condiment or a medicine. Instead, he used it as a decorative plant.(高濂住在现在上海附近，他写戏曲，他对它作为调味品或药物并不那么兴奋。相反，他把它当作装饰植物使用)”可知，高濂将辣椒用作装饰。 5．主旨大意题。根据第四段“Unlike other spices (调味品), chilies weren’t farmed and traded as goods. Instead, they were passed from person to person and grown in small fields, falling into the hands of skilled farmers who developed even better chilies over time. These chilies — and the condiment made by cooking them in oil — became must-have cooking materials all over China, becoming so widespread that they were considered part of the nation’s identity.(和其他调味品不同，辣椒并未作为商品种植和交易。相反，辣椒在民户间传播，在小块田地里种植，落到经验丰富的农民手中，随着时间推移逐步培育出了更优良的辣椒。这些辣椒，以及用油榨制而成的辛辣调味品，成为了全中国必不可少的烹饪原料，分布之广让它被认为是中国民族身份认同的一部分)”可知，第四段主要介绍了辣椒传入中国后在民间逐步发展、普及的过程，因此本段主要内容是辣椒在中国的发展。 6．细节理解题。根据第五段“it was not until 1997 that chili crisp was produced and sold widely. That year, Tao Huabi began selling Lao Gan Ma Spicy Chili Crisp from China’s Guizhou Province.(直到1997年，油辣椒才开始大规模生产和售卖。同年，陶华碧开始售卖产自中国贵州的老干妈油辣椒)”可知，1997年陶华碧将油辣椒推向市场大规模售卖。 7．推理判断题。根据第五段“That year, Tao Huabi began selling Lao Gan Ma Spicy Chili Crisp from China’s Guizhou Province. Over time, chili crisp has built a strong following around the world.(同年，陶华碧开始售卖产自中国贵州的老干妈油辣椒。久而久之，油辣椒在全球收获了大批爱好者)”可推知，老干妈品牌推动了油辣椒在世界范围内的知名度。 C We’ve seen health drinks for health, like lemon water for health and weight loss. Now, the latest drink riding the online health wave is hot water. A popular example is drinking hot or warm water before breakfast. The trend is part of a habit of people taking on elements of Eastern medicine and Chinese culture and sharing their experiences on social media. Many say it improves digestion, leaving them feeling thinner and less swollen. Some also say it improves the skin, helps with weight loss and even “cleans the body”. For thousands of years, traditional Chinese medicine has encouraged warm water drinking to keep the digestive system at its best, as cold drinks are thought to cause stomach discomfort. In fact, few scientific studies have examined these benefits. A 2016 study on gallbladder (胆囊) surgery patients found that those who drank warm water passed gas sooner than those who did not, but it did not greatly speed up their first bowel movement (排便). Despite the lack of strong evidence, drinking warm water in the morning does make biological sense, explained Dr. Lisa Ganjhu. Digestion slows during sleep, and anything taken in upon waking causes waves of tightening and loosening in the muscles of the food pipe, stomach, and intestines (肠道). Dr. Folasade May added that temperature may not be important; warm or cold water might have the same effect, which can reduce swelling. Claims about water “cleaning” the body are not correct, said food expert Kristen Smith — the liver and kidneys deal with poisons, not water. As for weight loss, a small drop on the scale after a large bowel movement does not last. The main benefit of drinking warm water may simply be getting water. Upon waking, the body is a little short of water, so drinking water can help with signs like hunger, headaches, and feeling slow. Over time, it is adequate in the body, which makes waste softer and helps keep you regular and feel less swollen. As Dr. May concluded, the hot water trend proves what is already known. “Water is really good for you in every way.” So, whether you drink it hot, warm, or cold — just drink it. Your stomach doesn’t care about the temperature; it just wants the water. 8．What might be the main reason for the hot water trend? A．The discomfort caused by drinking cold water. B．The better effect on weight loss than lemon water. C．The influence of Chinese culture and Eastern medicine. D．The desire to become a social media influencer with more fans. 9．Why does the author mention the 2016 study? A．To prove that warm water significantly helps pass gas soon. B．To recommend warm water for gallbladder surgery patients. C．To show that the hot water effects are not scientifically proved. D．To compare the effects of warm water and cold water for digestion. 10．What is the author’s attitude towards hot water? A．Objective. B．Disapproving. C．Supportive. D．Concerned. 11．What is the passage mainly about? A．The advantages of drinking warm water. B．Ways to keep healthy with various drinks. C．Scientific analysis of drinking warm water. D．The effect of traditional Chinese medicine on health. 【答案】8．C 9．C 10．A 11．C 【导语】文章分析了喝热水这一流行趋势，探讨了其文化来源、科学证据及专家观点，最终指出无论水温如何，喝水本身对健康有益。 【详解】8．细节理解题。根据第一段中“The trend is part of a habit of people taking on elements of Eastern medicine and Chinese culture and sharing their experiences on social media. (这一趋势是人们接受东方医学和中国文化元素并在社交媒体上分享经验这一习惯的一部分。)”可知，热水趋势的主要原因可能是中国文化与东方医学的影响。 9．推理判断题。根据第二段中“In fact, few scientific studies have examined these benefits. A 2016 study on gallbladder (胆囊) surgery patients found that those who drank warm water passed gas sooner than those who did not, but it did not greatly speed up their first bowel movement (排便). (事实上，很少有科学研究验证过这些好处。一项2016年针对胆囊手术患者的研究发现，喝温水的患者比不喝的患者排气更快，但并未显著加速首次排便。)”可推知，作者提到2016年的研究是为了支撑上一句的观点，说明热水的好处缺乏科学证据支持。 10．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章客观呈现了对喝热水的支持与质疑两方面的观点，第二段指出其好处缺乏科学证据，第三段提到“生物意义上合理”，第四段指出“清洁身体”说法有误，最后一段总结“水本身有益”，作者未表达个人偏向，总体上态度是客观的。 11．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段中“As Dr. May concluded, the hot water trend proves what is already known. “Water is really good for you in every way.” So, whether you drink it hot, warm, or cold — just drink it. (正如May博士所总结的，热水趋势证明了早已为人所知的事实：“水在各方面对身体都非常有益。”因此，无论你喝的是热的、温的还是冷的，只要饮用即可。)”可知，文章围绕“喝热水”这一流行趋势展开，从文化背景、科学研究、专家观点等多角度进行科学分析，最后回归到“喝水本身有益”的结论，因此，文章主要内容是对喝热水的科学分析。 二．七选五：（每题2.5分，共计12.5分） What is moderation (适度)? Basically, it means eating only as much food as your body needs. You should feel satisfied at the end of a meal, but not too full. 12 But it doesn’t mean saying goodbye to the foods you love. Take your time. It’s important to slow down and think about food as something nutritious rather than just something to eat in between meetings. 13 It actually takes a few minutes for your brain to tell your body that it has had enough food, so eat slowly and stop eating before you feel full. Eat with others whenever possible. Eating alone, especially in front of the TV or computer, often leads to mindless overeating. And be careful about the foods you keep at hand. It’s more challenging to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like cookies. 14 Control emotional (情绪的) eating. 15 Many of us also turn to food to deal with unpleasant emotions such as sadness, loneliness, or boredom. But by learning healthier ways to manage emotions, you can regain control over the food you eat and your feelings. 16 A healthy breakfast can start your metabolism (新陈代谢), while eating small, healthy meals keeps your energy up all day. Avoid eating late at night. Try to eat dinner earlier and fast for 14-16 hours until breakfast the next morning. Studies suggest that eating only when you’re most active and giving your digestive system a long break each day may help to regulate weight. A．Eat properly throughout the day. B．We don’t always eat just to satisfy hunger. C．Don’t swallow a meal on the way to work. D．Most of us need to double the amount we eat. E．Instead, surround yourself with healthy choices. F．For many of us, moderation means eating less than we do now. G．That won’t lead to cheating or giving up on your new eating plan. 【答案】12．F 13．C 14．E 15．B 16．A 【导语】文章主要讲述了通过控制食量、细嚼慢咽、管理情绪及规律进餐等方式来实现适度饮食的健康理念。 【详解】12．由上文“What is moderation (适度)? Basically, it means eating only as much food as your body needs. You should feel satisfied at the end of a meal, but not too full.(什么是适度？基本上，它意味着只吃身体所需的食物量。一顿饭结束时你应该感到满足，但不要太饱。)”及下文“But it doesn’t mean saying goodbye to the foods you love.(但这并不意味着要和你喜欢的食物告别。)”可知，上文解释了适度饮食的定义，下文转折说明不需要完全放弃喜爱的食物，本空本空应引出适度饮食对多数人来说的直观含义。F选项“For many of us, moderation means eating less than we do now.(对我们许多人来说，适度意味着比现在吃得少。)”能承接上文的定义，同时与下文“not saying goodbye”形成转折逻辑，符合语境。 13．由上文“Take your time. It’s important to slow down and think about food as something nutritious rather than just something to eat in between meetings.(慢慢来。放慢速度很重要，要把食物看作是营养的来源，而不仅仅是会议间隙填饱肚子的东西。)”及下文“It actually takes a few minutes for your brain to tell your body that it has had enough food, so eat slowly and stop eating before you feel full.(大脑实际上需要几分钟才能告诉身体已经摄入了足够的食物，所以要慢慢吃，在感到饱之前停止进食。)”可知，上文强调吃饭要慢，下文解释慢吃的生理原因，本空应具体说明不要在匆忙中进食。C选项“Don’t swallow a meal on the way to work.(别在上班路上狼吞虎咽地吃一顿。)”是对“slow down”和“eat slowly”的具体反面示例，符合语境。 14．由上文“And be careful about the foods you keep at hand. It’s more challenging to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like cookies.(小心手边的食物。如果你手边随时有像饼干这样的不健康零食，要做到适度饮食就更具挑战性。)”可知，上文不建议随手摆放不健康零食，空格给出替代方案。E选项“Instead, surround yourself with healthy choices.(相反，让你周围都是健康的选择。)”中的“Instead”承接上文的问题，给出正面解决方案，符合语境。 15．由本段小标题“Control emotional (情绪的) eating.(控制情绪化进食。)”以及下文“Many of us also turn to food to deal with unpleasant emotions such as sadness, loneliness, or boredom.(我们许多人也会借助食物来应对悲伤、孤独或无聊等不愉快情绪。)”可知，上文强调控制情绪化进食，下文提到人们会因情绪而进食，本空应概括性地指出人们进食并不完全是为了充饥。B选项“We don’t always eat just to satisfy hunger.(我们并不总是一味为了满足饥饿而吃东西。)”引出情绪化进食的话题，承上启下，符合语境。 16．由下文“A healthy breakfast can start your metabolism (新陈代谢), while eating small, healthy meals keeps your energy up all day. Avoid eating late at night. Try to eat dinner earlier and fast for 14-16 hours until breakfast the next morning. Studies suggest that eating only when you’re most active and giving your digestive system a long break each day may help to regulate weight.(健康的早餐能够启动新陈代谢，少食多餐、选择健康食物则可以让你全天精力充沛。避免深夜进食。尽量提早吃晚餐，然后禁食14至16小时，直至第二天早餐。研究表明，只在身体活动量最大的时候进食，并且每天让消化系统长时间休息，有助于调节体重。)”可知，下文介绍了全天不同时段的饮食建议（早餐、少食多餐、避免夜宵），本空应概括本段主旨，即强调全天规律饮食的重要性。A选项“Eat properly throughout the day.(全天都要合理饮食。)”能统领全段，涵盖下文的所有具体建议，符合语境。 二、完形填空：（每题1分，共计15分） While her French classmates tucked into salads, Li Mei pulled out a pack of steamed rice. After transferring to a high school in Paris, eating her homemade lunch at school became a daily 17 . On a typical day, her classmate Pierre pointed at her food and whispered, “That looks 18 !” Red-faced, Li Mei stayed away from the cafeteria afterwards. Things took a turn when her history teacher Mr. Dupont 19 a project called Food & Culture Week. Every student had to 20 a traditional dish and explain its cultural meaning. Li Mei 21 : would her classmates show any interest in Chinese cuisine? In the end, she settled on jianbing, a beloved hometown street snack. On presentation day, she 22 all her ingredients with shaky hands. 23 , Pierre stepped forward to help with the cooking. While 24 out the batter (面糊), he confessed: “I laughed at your lunch back then, but I’ve come to realize it’s a big part of who you are and your cultural 25 .” Once the crispy jianbing was ready, her classmates crowded around, 26 questions about Chinese New Year customs. The project brought everyone closer. Those who’d once 27 Li Mei now greeted her warmly. A girl called Sophie even suggested co-writing a Chinese-French cookbook for the school fair, featuring traditional family recipes 28 across generations. By the closing day, the book Bites Beyond Borders was 29 with recipes. Holding the book, Li Mei understood cultural divides are not brick walls, but locked doors waiting to be opened. Her ordinary homemade 30 taught her more about finding her place than any textbook ever could. “Food is the 31 foreign policy,” Mr. Dupont said, biting into a red bean croissant. 17．A．adventure B．struggle C．quarrel D．competition 18．A．amazing B．delicious C．strange D．special 19．A．declared B．postponed C．delivered D．launched 20．A．purchase B．review C．prepare D．invent 21．A．regretted B．hesitated C．rejected D．protested 22．A．laid out B．set off C．heated up D．gave away 23．A．Unfortunately B．Unfairly C．Unexpectedly D．Unkindly 24．A．spreading B．throwing C．sweeping D．wiping 25．A．identity B．interest C．personality D．quality 26．A．receiving B．supplying C．rising D．firing 27．A．betrayed B．ignored C．envied D．calmed 28．A．passed on B．passed down C．brought up D．brought down 29．A．covered B．combined C．packed D．matched 30．A．skill B．book C．cook D．lunch 31．A．tastiest B．heaviest C．oldest D．biggest 【答案】 17．B 18．C 19．D 20．C 21．B 22．A 23．C 24．A 25．A 26．D 27．B 28．B 29．C 30．D 31．A 【导语】文章讲述了李梅在法国高中因带中式午餐被嘲笑，后来通过参与“美食与文化周”项目制作煎饼，意外获得同学理解与接纳，通过美食文化交流打破文化隔阂的故事。 【详解】17．考查名词。句意：转学到巴黎的一所高中后，在学校吃自制的午餐成了一件每天都要面对的难事。A. adventure冒险；B. struggle难事；C. quarrel争吵；D. competition竞争。根据上文“While her French classmates tucked into salads, Li Mei pulled out a pack of steamed rice.”可知，李梅在法国上学，每天带中式午餐，与同学的法式沙拉形成对比，这让吃自制的午餐成了难事。 18．考查形容词。句意：在平常的一天，她的同学Pierre指着她的食物低声说：“那看起来好奇怪！”A. amazing惊人的；B. delicious美味的；C. strange奇怪的；D. special特别的。根据下文“Red-faced, Li Mei stayed away from the cafeteria afterwards.”可知，同学Pierre所说的话导致李梅脸红并远离食堂，表明他认为食物看起来奇怪。 19．考查动词。句意：事情出现了转机，她的历史老师Dupont先生发起了一个名为“美食与文化周”的项目。A. declared宣布；B. postponed推迟；C. delivered递送；D. launched发起。根据上文“her history teacher Mr. Dupont”和下文“a project called Food & Culture Week”可知，历史老师发起了一个名为“美食与文化周”的项目。 20．考查动词。句意：每个学生都必须准备一道传统菜肴并解释其文化含义。A. purchase购买；B. review复习；C. prepare准备；D. invent发明。根据下文“On presentation day, she ____ all her ingredients with shaky hands.”可知，展示那天，李梅带来了食材，表明每个学生必须准备一道传统菜。 21．考查动词。句意：李梅犹豫了：她的同学们会对中国菜感兴趣吗？A. regretted后悔；B. hesitated犹豫；C. rejected拒绝；D. protested抗议。根据下文“would her classmates show any interest in Chinese cuisine”可知，李梅担心同学不感兴趣，表明她犹豫是否要展示中国菜。 22．考查动词短语。句意：展示那天，她用颤抖的双手摆出了所有食材。A. laid out摆放；B. set off出发；C. heated up加热；D. gave away赠送。根据下文“Pierre stepped forward to help with the cooking”可知，Pierre走上前来帮忙烹饪，烹饪前需做的是摆放所有食材。 23．考查副词。句意：出乎意料的是，Pierre走上前来帮忙烹饪。A. Unfortunately不幸地；B. Unfairly不公平地；C. Unexpectedly出乎意料地；D. Unkindly不友善地。根据上文“Pierre pointed at her food and whispered, “That looks ____!””可知，Pierre之前嘲笑过李梅，现在却上前帮忙，这出乎她的意料。 24．考查动词。句意：在摊面糊时，他坦白道：“我当时嘲笑你的午餐，但我现在意识到那是你和你文化身份的重要部分。”A. spreading展开；B. throwing扔；C. sweeping打扫；D. wiping擦拭。根据上文“Pierre stepped forward to help with the cooking”可知，Pierre走上前来帮忙烹饪，制作煎饼时需要把面糊摊开。 25．考查名词。句意：在摊面糊时，他坦白道：“我当时嘲笑你的午餐，但我现在意识到那是你和你文化身份的重要部分。”A. identity身份；B. interest兴趣；C. personality个性；D. quality质量。根据上文“it’s a big part of who you are”可知，Pierre承认李梅的午餐是她身份和文化身份的一部分。 26．考查动词。句意：当脆脆的煎饼做好后，她的同学们围了过来，连珠炮似地提问关于中国新年习俗的问题。A. receiving接收；B. supplying供应；C. rising上升；D. firing连珠炮似地提出。根据上文“Once the crispy jianbing was ready, her classmates crowded around”可知，同学们围过来，说明对李梅的煎饼很感兴趣，连珠炮似地提问关于中国新年习俗。 27．考查动词。句意：那些曾经忽视李梅的人现在热情地和她打招呼。A. betrayed背叛；B. ignored忽视；C. envied嫉妒；D. calmed使平静。根据上文“I laughed at your lunch back then”可知，其他同学也和Pierre一样，会嘲笑李梅的午餐，他们的态度是忽视李梅。 28．考查动词短语。句意：一个叫Sophie的女孩甚至提议为学校义卖会合写一本中法双语食谱，收录代代相传的传统家庭菜谱。A. passed on传递；B. passed down传承；C. brought up抚养；D. brought down降低。根据下文“across generations”可知，这些菜谱是代代相传下来的。 29．考查动词。句意：到闭幕那天，这本名为《跨越国界的美食》的食谱里装满了各种菜谱。A. covered覆盖；B. combined结合；C. packed塞满；D. matched匹配。根据上文“A girl called Sophie even suggested co-writing a Chinese-French cookbook for the school fair, featuring traditional family recipes ____ across generations.”可知，Sophie提议合写一本收录各种菜谱的书，表明这本书装满了各种菜谱。 30．考查名词。句意：她普通的家常午餐教会了她比任何教科书都更多关于如何找到自己位置的东西。A. skill技能；B. book书；C. cook厨师；D. lunch午餐。根据上文“eating her homemade lunch”可知，此处呼应开头，是lunch的同词复现。 31．考查形容词。句意：“食物是最美味的外交政策，”Dupont先生咬了一口红豆牛角包说道。A. tastiest最美味的；B. heaviest最重的；C. oldest最老的；D. biggest最大的。根据上文“Food”和下文“biting into a red bean croissant”可知，文章的主线是食物，tastiest“最美味的”是形容食物的表达，“最美味的外交政策”既幽默又贴切地表达了食物促进文化交流的作用。 三、语法填空：（每题1.5分，共计15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 As one of the eight cuisines of China, Hangzhou dishes are noted for their unique characteristics. A trip to Hangzhou isn’t complete 32 trying some of its special dishes. Here are a few must-try meals, each of which has an age-old story. Dongpo Pork (东坡肉) Dongpo Pork was named after Song Dynasty poet and official, Su Dongpo. When Su was exiled (流放) to Hangzhou, he initiated a thorough dredging (清淤) of West Lake, 33 benefits were immediate and clear for the locals. To express their 34 (grateful), they gifted Su a lot of pork. Su added his own twist to the traditional process of cooking pork belly. He distributed the dish to those who worked on the project and it became widely 35 (favor). West Lake Carp in Vinegar Gravy (西湖醋鱼) Legend has it that two brothers lived in Hangzhou. The 36 (old) brother was murdered. And the younger brother was forced into exile (放逐) 37 (tragic). During his farewell dinner, his recently widowed sister-in-law cooked a dish that was both sweet and sour, implying the younger brother should “not forget the sour amid the sweet”. The young man later returned to Hangzhou as a high-ranking official, avenged (报仇) his brother’s murder and 38 (seek) out his sister-in-law. Since then, the dish 39 (hand) down from generation to generation. Sister Song’s Fish Soup (宋嫂鱼羹) During the Song Dynasty, a woman nicknamed Sister Song 40 (settle) down alongside West Lake and made a living 41 (sell) fish soup. During a trip to West Lake, Emperor Gaozong tasted her fish soup and spoke highly of it. The soup’s reputation spread far and wide, and it became a calling card for the city. 【答案】 32．without 33．whose 34．gratitude 35．favored/favorable 36．elder 37．tragically 38．sought 39．has been handed 40．settled 41．selling 【导语】文章介绍了杭州的美食文化，特别介绍了当地的几种特色菜肴和与其相关的故事传说。包括东坡肉、西湖醋鱼、宋嫂鱼羹等。 【详解】32．考查介词。句意：不吃杭州的特色菜，你的杭州之行就不算完整。根据后文的动名词可知设空处使用介词。根据句意，表示“没有尝试特色的杭州菜”用介词without。 33．考查定语从句。句意：苏轼被流放到杭州时，发起了对西湖的彻底清淤，此次清淤的益处对当地人而言立竿见影、十分明显。设空处引导的是非限制性定语从句，引导词在从句中作定语，指代前文“西湖疏浚的益处”即表示所属关系用whose。 34．考查名词。句意：为了表达他们的感激之情，他们送给苏很多猪肉。设空处使用grateful的名词gratitude作宾语，意为“感激”。 35．考查形容词。句意：他把这道菜分发给参与工程的人，广受喜爱。设空处使用形容词favored或favorable，作表语，意为“备受喜爱的”。 36．考查比较级。句意：哥哥被杀害了。根据后文“And the younger brother”可知此处指哥哥，用old的比较级形式。 37．考查副词。句意：弟弟也不幸被流放。设空处使用tragic的tragically副词作状语，意为“不幸地”。 38．考查动词。句意：这个年轻人后来回到杭州当上了高官，为他被杀害的哥哥报仇，并找到了他的嫂子。设空处使用动词作谓语，根据前文的returned可知，句子表述过去事实，故使用一般过去时。 39．考查时态语态。句意：从那时起，这道菜就代代相传。句中since then为现在完成时时间标志，同时dish与hand之间是被动关系，故使用现在完成时的被动语态，助动词用has。 40．考查动词。句意：宋朝时，一位昵称为宋嫂的女子在西湖边定居下来，靠卖鱼汤为生。设空处使用动词作谓语。根据前文的During the Song Dynasty以及句意可知，句子表述过去事实，故使用一般过去时。 41．考查非谓语动词。句意：宋朝时，一位昵称为宋嫂的女子在西湖边定居下来，靠卖鱼汤为生。固定搭配make a living doing sth.意为“靠做某事谋生”，故填sell的动名词形式selling。 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 Food and Culture 单元重点单词短语句型语法精练 （时间：120分钟，满分：150分） 教材考点概览 1． 重点单词： stuff vt.&n.填满，把……塞进│东西，物品； elegant adj.精美的，讲究的，文雅的 exceptional adj.特别的，罕见的. minimum adj.&n.最低(限度)的，最小的│最小值，最少量 consume vt.吃，喝，饮，消耗 temper n.脾气，火气 stable adj.稳定的，稳重的 somewhat adv.有点，稍微 quantity n.数量，数额 ideal adj.&n.完美的，理想的，想象的│理想，完美的人(或事物) fundamental adj.&n.根本的，基础的，基本的│基本规律，根本法则 consistent adj.一致的，连续的 modest adj.些许的，谦虚的，朴素的 trick n.诀窍，计谋，把戏 2． 重点短语： prior to ……之前的 consist of 由……组成(或构成) slice…off 切下 junk food 垃圾食品 regardless of 不管，不顾 cool down 冷却 warm up 热身 cut down 减少，减低 cut out 停止做 3． 派生词： consist (v.)----adj.‌consistent‌(一致的)----n.‌consistency‌(一致性)； consistent(adj.)----‌inconsistent‌(反义词) lamb (n.羊羔)----lame (adj.跛足的)----lamp (n.灯) elegant (adj.)—n. elegance—adv.‌elegantly‌ exceptional (adj.)----prep.‌except‌----n.‌exception‌(例外)----adv.‌exceptionally‌(异常地) minimum (adj.)----‌maximum‌(反义词)； minimum----v.‌minimize‌(最小化)----adj.‌minimal‌(极小的) consume (v.)----n.‌consumption‌(消费)----n.‌consumer‌(消费者)‌ dessert (n.甜点)----desert (n&v.沙漠/遗弃) stable (adj.)----adv.‌stably‌(稳定地)----n.‌stability‌(稳定性)； somewhat (adv.有点)----anyhow (adv.无论如何)---somehow (adv.以某种方式) association (n.协会)----v.‌associate‌(关联/交往) dairy (n.乳品)----‌diary‌(n.日记) moderation (n.)----adj.‌moderate‌(适度的) ideal (adj.)----n.‌idealism‌(理想主义)----adv.‌ideally‌(理想地)‌‌ fundamental (adj.)----adv. ‌fundamentally‌ (根本地)； modest (adj.)----n. ‌modesty‌ (谦虚)； trick (n&v.)----adj. ‌tricky‌ (狡猾的/难对付的)‌‌ 4． 重点句型： 1. Tired,hungry, and not knowing a word of Chinese, we had no idea how to order, so the chef just began filling our table with the best food we had ever eaten. 此句主句为we had no idea how to order,前面的Tired,hungry, and not knowing a word of Chinese为原因状语，其中Tired,hungry为形容词作状语。此句理解为：我们又累又饿，一句中文也不懂，不知道该怎么点菜，于是厨师便在我们的桌上摆满了我们吃过的最美味的食物。 2. It has become a favourite traditional dish of the people in North China, where making dumplings has always been a family affair with everyone-from the youngest to the oldest-joining in to help. 从句中，where 引导的是一个定语从句，修饰先行词North China。定语从句中还有一个with的复合结构。从句理解为：它已成为中国北方人民最喜爱的传统菜肴，在那里，包饺子一直是一项家庭活动，从年幼者到年长者，每个人都会参与帮忙。 考点夯基攻坚 小题夯基·精准突破 一、单词拼写: (每题1分，共计15分) 1．Due to the use of new techniques, the traditional china vases can be produced in large q________.（根据首字母填空） 2．In the __________ (自助餐厅) we serve ourselves. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 3．A __________ (食堂) is a place in a factory or military base where meals or snacks are served to the people who work there. （根据汉语意思填空） 4．If you want to open a restaurant， you should ask Mary for advice. She knows all the t__________of the trade.（根据首字母填空） 5．Various ________(品牌)of watches are now on display in the shop windows. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 6．It was such a delicious d________(甜点) that I decided to order another portion. （根据中英文提示填空） 7．Based on their personal experience, c____________(厨师)make various dishes. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 8．I need to find a ________ (稳定的) job to cover my living expenses. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 9．Our body cells require many substances, such as iron, certain of ________ (维生素) and fats. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 10．Increasing numbers of people are sensitive to ________ (奶制的) products. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 11．The majority of scientists are ________ (谦虚的) about their achievements no matter how great they are, not liking showing off on public occasions. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 12．AI can be used to promote ________ (基础的) skills, such as mathematical education and vocabulary lessons. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 13．My grandmother’s handwritten ________ (食谱) for apple pie is our family’s treasure. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 14．He believes that students should be encouraged to experiment with b_________________ (大胆的) ideas. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 15．More importantly, computer science is closely related to most fields of science and has a decisive role in one country’s ________ (全面的) development. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 二、语法填空: (每空1分，共计25分) 16．The apartments are ideal single people living alone. (用适当的词填空) 17．They remained (fundamental)opposed to the plan. (所给词的适当形式填空) 18．There is a strong (associate) between diet and health. (所给词的适当形式填空) 19．The old gardener then realized that he （trick）because the tortoise was not afraid of water. (所给词的适当形式填空) 20． (quantity) of fireworks were set off to welcome the new year. (所给词的适当形式填空) 21．The cook sliced a thick piece from the beef. (用适当的词填空) 22．My monitor stood at the door with his hands (stuff) into his pockets. (所给词的适当形式填空) 23．She’s (ideal) suited for this job. (所给词的适当形式填空) 24．They believed that the greater the diversity the (stable) the ecosystem. (所给词的适当形式填空) 25．Many of the state’s beaches fail to meet (minimize) standards of cleanliness. (所给词的适当形式填空) 26．I put it in my mouth slowly, still looking down, (chew) while I thought. (所给词的适当形式填空) 27．Americans like Tso’s chicken, (consist) of fried chicken (flavour) with hot red peppers. (所给词的适当形式填空) 28． to the invention of paper, ancient Chinese wrote on bamboo slips, showing their first was to record information. (prior) （所给词的适当形式填空） 29．During festivals, families special foods, and this strengthens cultural bonds. (consume) （所给词的适当形式填空） 30．The of Chinese calligraphy attracts many learners, and the brushwork is not easy to master. (elegant) (所给词的适当形式填空) 31．The beauty of Chinese calligraphy of four basic skills, and its style development over centuries shows the of our cultural values. (consistent) （所给词的适当形式填空） 32．The Peking Opera performers’ skills are truly , with no among the cast; for a few modern innovations, the art form has remained unchanged for centuries. (exceptional) （所给词的适当形式填空） 三、选词填空：（每空1分，共计20分） A chew, consume, category, consist of, quantities of, regardless of Food and healthy eating is a lasting and universal topic. So what does healthy eating 33 ?As far as I am concerned, the key lies in eating different 34 of food in moderation. Many people 35 36 junk food 37 the outcome. Besides, eat your meals slowly and 38 your food carefully. All in all, we should have a wise attitude towards food. After all, we eat to live but not live to eat. B A．elegant    B．cuisine      C． recipe    D．exceptional    E. lamb   F. vinegar The French author Jean Anthelme Brillat­Savarin once wrote, “Tell me what you eat, and I will tell you what you are.”, which seems to be true. Chinese 39 is a case in point. For example, people in Shandong like boiled dumplings served with 40 . Traditionally, people in Xinjiang spent most of their time on horseback, so they prefer their food to be cooked over an open fire—usually boiled or roasted meat, such as 41 kebab. In Shandong, the most famous food is pancake rolls stuffed with sliced Chinese green onions. You can experience wonderful local dishes in South and Central China, from Guangdong’s 42 dim sum—small servings of food in bamboo steamers—to the 43 stewed noodles In Henan. C minimum    elegant    fibre    desserts recipe    exceptional    chef    prior to 44．A: Why do you eat so many bananas? B: Because bananas offer an excellent source of and vitamins. 45．A: How do you manage to stay so slim and fit? B: I have brought my consumption of sweets and down to the bare 46．A: How do you like your new cooking classes? B: They’re ! The teacher used to be a famous in a big hotel. 47．A: What is Jessie busy with in the kitchen? B: She is trying a new for pumpkin pie. 48．A: Why did they refuse the dinner invitation? B: They had to refuse the dinner invitation because of an engagement made it. 49．A: How did you find the restaurant you visited yesterday? B: It was beautiful and ! We’ve never been to such an attractive restaurant before. 四、完成句子：（每题2分，共计20分） 50．网上购物是当今消费的一种新途径。 Internet shopping is ________. 51．美国人如今每天吃的蔬菜是他们 2016 年时吃的两倍多。 Americans eat__________ __________ __________ __________ __________vegetables each day today as they did in 2016. 52．Hard work______________（是成功的基础）. （根据汉语提示完成句子） 53．不管昨天发生了什么，也不管明天可能发生或者不会发生什么，现在才是我们关注的所在。(regardless of) ________and what may or may not happen tomorrow, the present moment is where we are. 54．当孩子们调皮捣蛋时，我努力控制自己的脾气。 I struggle to ________________ with the kids when they misbehave. (temper) 55．穿绿色外套的女孩看起来比她的同伴更优雅。（现在分词作定语；elegant） The girl _______________________________________________________ than her companion. 56．在来这儿之前，他从事过厨师工作。(prior to) ________________, he worked as a chef. 57．我的朋友捉弄我，把我的钥匙藏了起来；这有点烦人。 My friend ________ by hiding my keys, which was a bit annoying. 58．他们吃大量的垃圾食品，垃圾食品的热量很高。 They __________________. 59．长途旅行之后, 他们三个又冷又饿地回到了家。 After the long journey, the three of them went back home, _______________. 参考答案： 1．quantities 【详解】考查名词。句意：由于采用了新技术，传统的瓷花瓶可以大批量生产。in large quantities大量地。根据首字母提示及句意，故填quantities。 2．cafeteria 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：在自助餐厅我们自便。此处指一个自助餐厅，用单数名词cafeteria（自助餐厅）作介词In 的宾语。故填cafeteria。 3．canteen 【详解】考查名词。句意：食堂是工厂或军事基地里为在那里工作的人提供膳食或小吃的地方。A后接单数名词做主语。再结合汉语提示。故填canteen。 4．tricks 【详解】考查名词。根据句意，此处需填“诀窍”。表示“诀窍”可用trick。可数名词。根据all the可知，此处应用名词复数。故填tricks。 5．brands 【详解】考查名词。句意：商店橱窗里陈列着各种品牌的手表。brand“品牌”是可数名词，various修饰可数名词复数，故填brands。 【点睛】 6．dessert/essert 【详解】考查名词。句意：这道甜点太美味了，我决定再点一份。根据汉语提示“甜点”和首字母可知，此处应用名词dessert作表语，由a可知，应用单数，故填dessert。 7．chefs 【详解】考查名词词义。句意：根据个人的经验，厨师会做各种各样的菜肴。根据汉语提示“厨师”以及首字母提示，此处应该填chef，谓语动词make为复数形式，故主语为复数形式，故答案为chefs。 8．stable 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我需要找一份稳定的工作来支付我的生活费用。根据汉语提示“稳定的”可知，此处为形容词stable，作定语，修饰名词job。故填stable。 9．vitamins 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们的身体细胞需要许多物质，如铁、某些维生素和脂肪。表示“维生素”使用名词vitamin，和fats并列作宾语，应用名词复数形式vitamins，故填vitamins。 10．dairy 【详解】考查形容词。句意：越来越多的人对乳制品过敏。“奶制的”应用形容词dairy，作修饰products的定语。故填dairy。 11．modest 【详解】考查形容词。句意：大多数科学家对自己的成就都很谦虚，无论成就有多大，都不喜欢在公共场合炫耀。“谦虚的”使用形容词modest，作表语，故填modest。 12．fundamental 【详解】考查形容词。句意：人工智能可以用来提高基本技能，比如数学教育和词汇课。表示“基础的”使用形容词fundamental，作定语修饰名词skills。故填fundamental。 13．recipe 【详解】考查名词。句意：我祖母手写的苹果派食谱是我们家的珍贵遗产。“食谱”应用名词recipe，作主语，且“is”表明可数名词recipe应用单数形式。故填recipe。 14．bold＃＃old 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他认为应该鼓励学生大胆进行实验。根据汉语提示及“ideas”可知，空处需要形容词作定语，修饰名词，bold作形容词，表示“大胆的”符合句意。故填bold。 15．overall 【详解】考查形容词。句意：更重要的是，计算机科学与大多数科学领域密切相关，对一个国家的全面发展具有决定性作用。根据汉语提示可知，overall“全面的”，形容词，在句中作定语修饰名词development。故填overall。 二．16．for 【详解】考查介词。句意：这些公寓非常适合独自生活的单身人士居住。短语be ideal for表示“适合”。故填for。 17．fundamentally 【详解】考查副词。句意：他们仍然从根本上反对这项计划。结合句意及空后的opposed可知应填副词形式，修饰形容词opposed，作状语。故填fundamentally。 18．association 【详解】考查名词。句意：饮食与健康之间有很强的联系。本句是there be句型，空处为主语，前面有a修饰，应用名词单数形式，故填association。 19．had been tricked 【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意： 这个老园丁这才意识到自己被骗了，因为陆龟根本就不怕水。“被骗”发生在“意识到”之前，所以用过去完成时，表示动作发生在过去的过去。主语he和动词trick之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，故填 had been tricked。 20．Quantities 【详解】考查名词短语及主谓一致。句意：大量的烟花被燃放来迎接新年。“quantities of + 名词”表示“大量的……”，此时谓语动词用复数形式，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Quantities。 21．off 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：厨师从牛肉上切下厚厚的一片。表示“切下”，用固定短语slice off，故填off。 22．stuffed 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：我的班长站在门口，双手插在口袋里。设空处为with的宾语补足语，和宾语his hands之间是被动关系，应用过去分词，故填stuffed。 23．ideally 【详解】考查副词。句意：她非常适合这份工作。分析句子结构可知，空格处修饰形容词suited，修饰形容词需用副词形式。所给词ideal是形容词，其副词形式为ideally，意为“理想地；完美地”。故填ideally。 24．more stable 【详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：他们认为生物多样性越大，生态系统就越稳定。“the+比较级...，the+比较级...”为固定句型，意为“越……，就越……”，空处需填形容词比较级more stable。故填more stable。 25．minimum 【详解】考查形容词。句意：该州的许多海滩未能达到最低的清洁标准。根据“meet ... standards (达到……标准)”可知，此空是定语修饰名词standards。所给词minimize是动词，意为“使减少到最低限度”，其对应的形容词为minimum，意为“最低的；最小的”。meet minimum standards意为“达到最低标准”。故填minimum。 26．chewing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我慢慢地把它放进嘴里，仍然低着头，一边思考一边咀嚼。分析句子结构可知，句子里已有谓语动词put，且空前无连接词，因此chew (咀嚼) 应用非谓语动词形式。I与chew是主谓关系，故用现在分词作伴随状语。故填chewing。 27． consisting flavoured 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：美国人喜欢用红辣椒调味的炸鸡做的左氏鸡。句中谓语是like，空格处用非谓语动词，consist of无被动语态，第一空用现在分词表主动，作后置定语；chicken和flavour之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此第二空用过去分词表被动，作后置定语。故填①consisting；②flavoured。 28． Prior priority 【详解】考查形容词和名词。句意：在纸发明之前，古代中国人在竹简上书写，这表明他们的首要之事是记录信息。第一空，“prior to...”为固定搭配，意为“在……之前” ，用于句首说明时间先后顺序，所以填Prior，首字母大写。第二空为名词priority作宾语。故填Prior；priority。 29． consume consumption 【详解】考查动词以及名词。句意：在节日期间，家人们会享用特色食物，而这种饮食行为能加强文化纽带。第一个空需要动词作谓语，表示“享用；消费”，且根据语境“During festivals”可知，句子陈述一般事实 ，所以时态为一般现在时，主语families为复数，谓语动词用原形。第二个空需要名词作主语，表示“消费行为；饮食行为”。consumption为名词“消费；消耗”，符合语境。  故填①consume②consumption 30． elegance elegant 【详解】考查名词和形容词。句意：中国书法的优美韵味吸引了众多学习者，而其精美的笔法却并非易事，难以掌握。第一空，为名词作主语，表示“优美”用elegance；第二空，修饰brushwork，用形容词作定语，elegant“优美的，精美的”符合题意。故填①elegance②elegant。 31． consists consistent consistency 【详解】考查动词，形容词和名词。句意：中国书法之美包含四项基本功，而其数百年来一贯的风格发展则体现了我们文化价值观的连贯性。第一空，作谓语，用动词consist，描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语为“书法”，谓语动词用第三人称单数consists；第二空，修饰style为形容词作定语，consistent“一贯的”符合题意；第三空，作shows的宾语，用名词consistency“连贯性”。故填①consists；②consistent；③consistency。 32． exceptional exception except 【详解】考查形容词、名词和介词。句意：京剧演员们的技艺确实堪称一流，整个剧团的成员无一例外都是如此；除了少数现代化的创新元素外，这一艺术形式已经数百年来未曾有过任何改变。第一空作表语，用形容词exceptional；第二空作介词的宾语，用名词exception；第三空表示“除了”短语为except for。故填①exceptional；②exception；③except。 三．33．consist of 34．categories 35．consume 36．quantities of 37．regardless of 38．chew 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是如何健康饮食。 33．考查固定短语，时态和主谓一致。句意：那么健康饮食包括什么呢？由后面的“As far as I am concerned, the key lies in different____ of food in moderation”可知，句子表示“那么健康饮食包括什么呢”，空格处意为“包括”，是固定短语consist of，通篇时态是一般现在时，前面有does，空格处用动词原形，故填consist of。 34．考查名词的复数。句意：在我看来，关键是要有节制地吃不同种类的食物。由“eating different____of food in moderation”及常识可知，句子表示“关键是要有节制地吃不同种类的食物”，空格处意为“种类”，是category，different后用复数，即categories，故填categories。 35．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：许多人不顾后果地大量食用垃圾食品。由后面的“junk food”可知，人是食用垃圾食品，空格处意为“吃”，是consume，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语Many people是复数，因此空格处用动词原形，故填consume。 36．考查固定短语。句意：许多人不顾后果地大量食用垃圾食品。由前面的“eating different____of food in moderation”可知，本句是说“许多人不顾后果地大量食用垃圾食品”，空格处意为“大量的”，是固定短语quantities of，故填quantities of。 37．考查固定短语。句意：许多人不顾后果地大量食用垃圾食品。由“Many people____ ____junk food”和“the outcome”可知，句子表示“许多人不顾后果地大量食用垃圾食品”，空格处意为“不顾”，是固定短语regardless of，故填regardless of。 38．考查祈使句。句意：此外，慢慢吃饭，仔细咀嚼食物。and表并列，“eat your meals slowly”是祈使句，空格处的句子也是祈使句，用动词原形，由“eat your meals slowly”可知，句子表示“慢慢吃饭，仔细咀嚼食物”，空格处意为“咀嚼”，是chew，故填chew。 39．B 40．F 41．E 42．A 43．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国几个不同地区的美味佳肴和饮食习俗。 【详解】39．考查名词。句意：中国菜就是一个很好的例子。根据句意和空格前的形容词Chinese分析句子可知，空格处应该填入一个名词作主语，且意义为“菜肴，饭菜”，cuisine“菜肴，饭菜”为名词，符合句意，由is可知，用单数。故选B项。 40．考查名词。句意：例如，山东人喜欢用醋煮饺子。根据句意和空格前的介词with分析句子可知，空格处应该填入一个名词作介词with的宾语，且意义为“醋”，vinegar“醋”为名词，且为不可数名词。故选F项。 41．考查名词。句意：传统上，新疆人大部分时间都在马背上度过，所以他们更喜欢在明火上烹制食物——通常是煮熟或烤熟的肉，比如羊肉串。根据句意和空格后的kebab分析句子可知，空格处作定语，且意义为“羔羊肉”，应用lamb“羔羊肉”为名词，符合句意。故选E项。 42．考查形容词。句意：你可以品尝到中国南部和中部美味的地方菜肴，从广东优雅的点心（用竹蒸锅盛的小份食物）到河南独特的烩面。根据句意和空格后的名词dim sum分析句子可知，空格处应该填入一个形容词作定语，修饰后面的dim sum，且意义为“优雅的”，elegant“优雅的”为形容词，符合句意。故选A项。 43．考查形容词。句意：你可以品尝到中国南部和中部美味的地方菜肴，从广东优雅的点心（用竹蒸锅盛的小份食物）到河南独特的烩面。根据句意和空格后的stewed noodles分析句子可知，空格处应该填入一个形容词作定语，修饰后面的stewed noodles，且意义为“特别的”，exceptional“特别的”为形容词，符合句意。故选D项。 44．fibre 45． desserts minimum 46． exceptional chef 47．recipe 48．prior to 49．elegant 【解析】44．考查名词。句意：A：你为什么吃这么多香蕉？ B：因为香蕉富含纤维和维生素。根据下文“ and vitamins”可知，此处指香蕉富含维生素和纤维。fibre“纤维”，为名词。故填fibre。 45．考查名词。句意：A：你是怎么保持这么苗条和健康的? B：我已经把糖果和甜点的摄入量降到了最低限度。根据上文“stay so slim and fit”及“brought my consumption of sweets”和空后的“down”，可知为了保持苗条，此处指减少糖和甜点的摄入量。desserts“甜点”，所以第一空填desserts；第二空应为“最小量”，minimum“最少量”，故填①desserts②minimum。 46．考查形容词/名词。句意：A：你觉得你的新烹饪班怎么样！B：它们是独一无二的！这位老师曾经是一家大饭店的著名厨师。结合下文“ The teacher used to be a famous 　　　in a big hotel.”可知，对于这门课是肯定的，因为老师之前是一家大饭店的厨师。所以第一空填形容词exceptional“非同一般的”；根据上文“cooking classes”及“The teacher used to be a famous”和下文“in a big hotel”可知，第二空此处指老师是厨师，故填①exceptional②chef。 47．考查名词。句意：A：杰西在厨房里忙什么呢? B：她在尝试做南瓜派的新做法。根据空前“new”和空后的“ pumpkin pie”可知，这里指杰西正在厨房试着做南瓜派的新的烹饪方法。recipe“烹饪法”符合题意，故填recipe。 48．考查短语。句意：A：他们为什么拒绝晚宴的邀请? B：他们不得不拒绝晚宴的邀请，因为他们事先有约在先。根据句中“refuse the dinner invitation”可知，他们拒绝了晚宴的邀请。it指“the dinner invitation”，结合空前“an engagement made”可知，engagement“（尤指出于商业或社交目的的）约会，约定”在晚宴之前，短语：prior to“优于，早于”，符合题意，故填prior to。 49．考查形容词。句意：A：你觉得你昨天去的那家餐厅怎么样? B：很漂亮，很优雅！我们以前从没去过这么有吸引力的餐厅。根据上文“beautiful”可知，这家餐厅是漂亮的，所以空处应用与beautiful相当的形容词，elegant“(某物)雅致的；陈设讲究的”符合题意，故填elegant。 50．a new way of consumption 【详解】考查名词短语。根据汉语提示和句意，设空处缺“消费的一种新途径”，表达为名词短语a new way of consumption，作表语。故填a new way of consumption。 四．51．more than twice as many 【详解】考查倍数表达法。根据汉语提示中的“是……的两倍多”，这里表示倍数。结合句中的as they did可知，这里应用“倍数+as...as...”结构，表示“是……的几倍”，表示数量多少时，两个as之间可用many或much，且其后可跟名词。“两倍多”可表示为more than twice。且根据句意，这里比较的是吃蔬菜数量的多少，且句中的vegetables是名词复数，所以这里应用many。故填more；than；twice；as；many。 52．is fundamental to success 【详解】考查主谓一致/固定短语/名词。句意：努力工作是成功的基础。根据汉语提示可知，此处应用短语“be fundamental to...（ 是...…的基础, 是...…的根本）”，主语work为不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式，句意描述客观事实，时态为一般现在时，所以谓语为is fundamental to；表示“成功”应用名词education作宾语，故填is fundamental to success。 53．Regardless of what happened yesterday 【详解】考查介词短语、宾语从句。根据汉语提示和句意，设空处应填“不管昨天发生了什么”，“不管”表达为介词短语regardless of，后接宾语从句“昨天发生了什么”，陈述过去的动作，用一般过去时，表达为what happened yesterday，为宾语从句，设空处在句首，首个单词的首字母要大写。结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为：Regardless of what happened yesterday。 54．keep my temper 【详解】考查动词短语。表示“控制自己的脾气”使用动词短语keep one’s temper，空处使用动词原形和前面的to构成动词不定式，one’s和主语I一致，使用my，故填keep my temper。 55．wearing a green coat looks more elegant 【详解】考查现在分词及形容词比较级。根据句意，“穿绿色外套的”为wear a green coat作定语修饰名词girl，两者之间为主动关系，所以需要用现在分词短语作定语，表示“看起来”用系动词look作谓语，描述当前的情况，所以此处使用一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词为looks；表示“优雅”为elegant，结合下文的than可知，此处为形容词的比较级为more elegant，符合句子结构要求。故填①wearing②a③green④coat⑤looks⑥more⑦elegant 。 56．Prior to coming here 【详解】考查固定短语。根据句意可知，表示“在……之前”可用固定短语prior to，其中to是介词；表示“来这儿”可用短语come here，且用动名词形式作介词to的宾语。故答案为Prior to coming here。 57．played a trick on me 【详解】考查动词短语和时态。表示“捉弄”应用动词短语play a trick on sb.，结合“was”可知，使用一般过去时；表示“我”应用me。故填played a trick on me。 58．consume a large quantity of junk food that/which is high in calories 【详解】考查时态、固定短语、定语从句。由所给句意可知，空格处应表达“吃大量的垃圾食品，垃圾食品的热量很高”。表示“消耗，吃”用consume，结合语境可知本句陈述事实，故时态用一般现在时，且主语为They，故谓语用动词原形。表示“大量的”用固定短语a large quantity of。表示“垃圾食品”用固定短语junk food，作a large quantity of的宾语 。表示“垃圾食品的热量很高”用限制性定语从句，先行词是junk food，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that/which引导，be动词用is，表示“热量很高”用high in calories。故填consume a large quantity of junk food that/which is high in calories。 59．cold and hungry 【详解】考查形容词作状语。根据句意，cold表示“冷的”，说明人的感受，hungry表示“饥饿的”，此处是形容词作伴随状语，形容主语回到家的状态，故填cold and hungry。 综合攻坚·知能拔高 一、阅读理解：（每题2.5分，共计27.5分） A It’s hard to say what is normal and what is weird where food is concerned — it all depends on the taste of the individual and which part of the world you come from. One person’s nightmare is another person’s delicacy. Here are a few of the strangest types of food from around the world. Haggis (Scotland) A world-famous dish, haggis is made from the parts of a sheep many people would throw away. The heart, lungs and liver are mixed together with onion, spices and oatmeal, then put inside a sheep’s stomach and boiled for three hours. Sannakji (Korea) Now that Japanese sushi is popular around the world, many people are used to eating raw fish. But Sannakji is different. It consists of octopus which is sliced up while alive. The octopus is then cooked in sesame oil and served with a dipping sauce. If you don’t chew the octopus carefully, it’s possible that the tiny suction cups on tentacles (触须) can stick to your throat. Fugu (Japan) Fugu is a famous Japanese fish filled with enough of the poison substance to be deadly. Chefs have to be trained before they can prepare the fish. Fugu actually tastes quite mild. The excitement is in surviving the experience of eating it. Frogs’ legs (France) Frogs’legs are a popular dish in France, usually served with garlic. They’re said to taste like chicken, but some people find them to be too chewy. If you’re feeling brave, you can try frogs’ legs for yourself — just be sure to remove the skin and bones before you eat them. 1．What do you need to pay attention to while eating Sannakji? A．Eating carefully and slowly. B．Boiling it with dipping sauce. C．Slicing up the dead octopus. D．Preparing a cup of sesame oil. 2．Which dish offers diners a thrill of danger? A．Haggis from Scotland. B．Sannakji from Korea. C．Fugu from Japan. D．Frogs’legs from France. 3．Where does this text probably come from? A．A special menu. B．A cooking recipe. C．A food magazine. D．A nutrition guidebook. B Home cooks like it. Restaurants include it in new dishes. It’s chili crisp (油辣椒), and it’s highly popular in the food world. The Chinese condiment (辛辣调味品) is a kitchen powerhouse known for its many different uses and heat. But how did the must-have condiment get started? Originally from Central and South America, chilies were unknown in China until around the 16th century, when an increase in exploration and trade brought chilies to the Chinese mainland. The first written record of the chili in China dates from 1591. Gao Lian, who lived near what is now Shanghai and wrote plays, wasn’t all that excited about it as a condiment or a medicine. Instead, he used it as a decorative plant. But while wealthy Chinese enjoyed chilies in their decorative gardens, the masses began eating and enjoying the plants. By 1765, chilies were widely used in dishes. There’s even a recipe for chili crisp in The Harmonious Cauldron, the earliest Chinese cookbook to include chilies. Unlike other spices (调味品), chilies weren’t farmed and traded as goods. Instead, they were passed from person to person and grown in small fields, falling into the hands of skilled farmers who developed even better chilies over time. These chilies — and the condiment made by cooking them in oil — became must-have cooking materials all over China, becoming so widespread that they were considered part of the nation’s identity. By the 20th century, chilies cooked in oil were a standard in homes and restaurants. But though the condiment was brought to the United States and served at Chinese restaurants, it was not until 1997 that chili crisp was produced and sold widely. That year, Tao Huabi began selling Lao Gan Ma Spicy Chili Crisp from China’s Guizhou Province. Over time, chili crisp has built a strong following around the world. “You can learn a lot about a culture through food,” said Brian Dott, author of The Chile Pepper in China: A Cultural Biography. It seems the condiment won’t stop bringing the heat any time soon. 4．What did Gao Lian think of the chili? A．It was a powerful medicine. B．It was a must-have condiment. C．It was a popular food. D．It was a nice decoration. 5．What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A．The introduction of chilies to China. B．The development of chilies in China. C．The influence of chilies on Chinese trade. D．The popularity of chilies among wealthy Chinese. 6．What did Tao Huabi do in 1997? A．She brought chili crisp to market. B．She wrote a cookbook about chilies. C．She used chili crisp in her restaurants. D．She planted chilies throughout Guizhou. 7．What can we infer from the passage? A．Chilies were first used as food by wealthy people in China. B．Lao Gan Ma helped make chili crisp known worldwide. C．Chili crisp is only popular in Chinese restaurants. D．Chilies have been in China for over 600 years. C We’ve seen health drinks for health, like lemon water for health and weight loss. Now, the latest drink riding the online health wave is hot water. A popular example is drinking hot or warm water before breakfast. The trend is part of a habit of people taking on elements of Eastern medicine and Chinese culture and sharing their experiences on social media. Many say it improves digestion, leaving them feeling thinner and less swollen. Some also say it improves the skin, helps with weight loss and even “cleans the body”. For thousands of years, traditional Chinese medicine has encouraged warm water drinking to keep the digestive system at its best, as cold drinks are thought to cause stomach discomfort. In fact, few scientific studies have examined these benefits. A 2016 study on gallbladder (胆囊) surgery patients found that those who drank warm water passed gas sooner than those who did not, but it did not greatly speed up their first bowel movement (排便). Despite the lack of strong evidence, drinking warm water in the morning does make biological sense, explained Dr. Lisa Ganjhu. Digestion slows during sleep, and anything taken in upon waking causes waves of tightening and loosening in the muscles of the food pipe, stomach, and intestines (肠道). Dr. Folasade May added that temperature may not be important; warm or cold water might have the same effect, which can reduce swelling. Claims about water “cleaning” the body are not correct, said food expert Kristen Smith — the liver and kidneys deal with poisons, not water. As for weight loss, a small drop on the scale after a large bowel movement does not last. The main benefit of drinking warm water may simply be getting water. Upon waking, the body is a little short of water, so drinking water can help with signs like hunger, headaches, and feeling slow. Over time, it is adequate in the body, which makes waste softer and helps keep you regular and feel less swollen. As Dr. May concluded, the hot water trend proves what is already known. “Water is really good for you in every way.” So, whether you drink it hot, warm, or cold — just drink it. Your stomach doesn’t care about the temperature; it just wants the water. 8．What might be the main reason for the hot water trend? A．The discomfort caused by drinking cold water. B．The better effect on weight loss than lemon water. C．The influence of Chinese culture and Eastern medicine. D．The desire to become a social media influencer with more fans. 9．Why does the author mention the 2016 study? A．To prove that warm water significantly helps pass gas soon. B．To recommend warm water for gallbladder surgery patients. C．To show that the hot water effects are not scientifically proved. D．To compare the effects of warm water and cold water for digestion. 10．What is the author’s attitude towards hot water? A．Objective. B．Disapproving. C．Supportive. D．Concerned. 11．What is the passage mainly about? A．The advantages of drinking warm water. B．Ways to keep healthy with various drinks. C．Scientific analysis of drinking warm water. D．The effect of traditional Chinese medicine on health. 二．七选五：（每题2.5分，共计12.5分） What is moderation (适度)? Basically, it means eating only as much food as your body needs. You should feel satisfied at the end of a meal, but not too full. 12 But it doesn’t mean saying goodbye to the foods you love. Take your time. It’s important to slow down and think about food as something nutritious rather than just something to eat in between meetings. 13 It actually takes a few minutes for your brain to tell your body that it has had enough food, so eat slowly and stop eating before you feel full. Eat with others whenever possible. Eating alone, especially in front of the TV or computer, often leads to mindless overeating. And be careful about the foods you keep at hand. It’s more challenging to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like cookies. 14 Control emotional (情绪的) eating. 15 Many of us also turn to food to deal with unpleasant emotions such as sadness, loneliness, or boredom. But by learning healthier ways to manage emotions, you can regain control over the food you eat and your feelings. 16 A healthy breakfast can start your metabolism (新陈代谢), while eating small, healthy meals keeps your energy up all day. Avoid eating late at night. Try to eat dinner earlier and fast for 14-16 hours until breakfast the next morning. Studies suggest that eating only when you’re most active and giving your digestive system a long break each day may help to regulate weight. A．Eat properly throughout the day. B．We don’t always eat just to satisfy hunger. C．Don’t swallow a meal on the way to work. D．Most of us need to double the amount we eat. E．Instead, surround yourself with healthy choices. F．For many of us, moderation means eating less than we do now. G．That won’t lead to cheating or giving up on your new eating plan. 三、完形填空：（每题1分，共计15分） While her French classmates tucked into salads, Li Mei pulled out a pack of steamed rice. After transferring to a high school in Paris, eating her homemade lunch at school became a daily 17 . On a typical day, her classmate Pierre pointed at her food and whispered, “That looks 18 !” Red-faced, Li Mei stayed away from the cafeteria afterwards. Things took a turn when her history teacher Mr. Dupont 19 a project called Food & Culture Week. Every student had to 20 a traditional dish and explain its cultural meaning. Li Mei 21 : would her classmates show any interest in Chinese cuisine? In the end, she settled on jianbing, a beloved hometown street snack. On presentation day, she 22 all her ingredients with shaky hands. 23 , Pierre stepped forward to help with the cooking. While 24 out the batter (面糊), he confessed: “I laughed at your lunch back then, but I’ve come to realize it’s a big part of who you are and your cultural 25 .” Once the crispy jianbing was ready, her classmates crowded around, 26 questions about Chinese New Year customs. The project brought everyone closer. Those who’d once 27 Li Mei now greeted her warmly. A girl called Sophie even suggested co-writing a Chinese-French cookbook for the school fair, featuring traditional family recipes 28 across generations. By the closing day, the book Bites Beyond Borders was 29 with recipes. Holding the book, Li Mei understood cultural divides are not brick walls, but locked doors waiting to be opened. Her ordinary homemade 30 taught her more about finding her place than any textbook ever could. “Food is the 31 foreign policy,” Mr. Dupont said, biting into a red bean croissant. 17．A．adventure B．struggle C．quarrel D．competition 18．A．amazing B．delicious C．strange D．special 19．A．declared B．postponed C．delivered D．launched 20．A．purchase B．review C．prepare D．invent 21．A．regretted B．hesitated C．rejected D．protested 22．A．laid out B．set off C．heated up D．gave away 23．A．Unfortunately B．Unfairly C．Unexpectedly D．Unkindly 24．A．spreading B．throwing C．sweeping D．wiping 25．A．identity B．interest C．personality D．quality 26．A．receiving B．supplying C．rising D．firing 27．A．betrayed B．ignored C．envied D．calmed 28．A．passed on B．passed down C．brought up D．brought down 29．A．covered B．combined C．packed D．matched 30．A．skill B．book C．cook D．lunch 31．A．tastiest B．heaviest C．oldest D．biggest 三、语法填空：（每题1.5分，共计15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 As one of the eight cuisines of China, Hangzhou dishes are noted for their unique characteristics. A trip to Hangzhou isn’t complete 32 trying some of its special dishes. Here are a few must-try meals, each of which has an age-old story. Dongpo Pork (东坡肉) Dongpo Pork was named after Song Dynasty poet and official, Su Dongpo. When Su was exiled (流放) to Hangzhou, he initiated a thorough dredging (清淤) of West Lake, 33 benefits were immediate and clear for the locals. To express their 34 (grateful), they gifted Su a lot of pork. Su added his own twist to the traditional process of cooking pork belly. He distributed the dish to those who worked on the project and it became widely 35 (favor). West Lake Carp in Vinegar Gravy (西湖醋鱼) Legend has it that two brothers lived in Hangzhou. The 36 (old) brother was murdered. And the younger brother was forced into exile (放逐) 37 (tragic). During his farewell dinner, his recently widowed sister-in-law cooked a dish that was both sweet and sour, implying the younger brother should “not forget the sour amid the sweet”. The young man later returned to Hangzhou as a high-ranking official, avenged (报仇) his brother’s murder and 38 (seek) out his sister-in-law. Since then, the dish 39 (hand) down from generation to generation. Sister Song’s Fish Soup (宋嫂鱼羹) During the Song Dynasty, a woman nicknamed Sister Song 40 (settle) down alongside West Lake and made a living 41 (sell) fish soup. During a trip to West Lake, Emperor Gaozong tasted her fish soup and spoke highly of it. The soup’s reputation spread far and wide, and it became a calling card for the city. 一．A.【答案】1．A 2．C 3．C 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了世界上四种奇怪的食物。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据第三段“If you don’t chew the octopus carefully, it’s possible that the tiny suction cups on tentacles (触须) can stick to your throat.(如果你不仔细咀嚼章鱼，触手上的小吸盘可能会粘在你的喉咙上)”可知，吃Sannakji时需要细嚼慢咽。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Fugu is a famous Japanese fish filled with enough of the poison substance to be deadly. Chefs have to be trained before they can prepare the fish. Fugu actually tastes quite mild. The excitement is in surviving the experiences of eating it.(河豚是一种著名的日本鱼类，体内充满了足以致命的有毒物质。厨师们在做鱼之前必须接受培训。河豚的味道其实很清淡。令人兴奋的是在吃它的过程中幸存下来)”可知，日本的河豚能让食客感受到危险的刺激。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据第一段“It’s hard to say what is normal and what is weird where food is concerned—it all depends on the taste of the individual and which part of the world you come from. One person’s nightmare is another person’s delicacy. Here are a few of the strangest types of food from around the world.(在食物方面，很难说什么是正常的，什么是奇怪的——这完全取决于个人的口味和你来自世界的哪个地方。一个人的噩梦是另一个人的美味。这里有一些来自世界各地的最奇怪的食物)”结合文章主要介绍了世界上奇怪的四种食物。由此可推知，文章选自一本食物杂志。故选C。 B.【答案】4．D 5．B 6．A 7．B 【导语】本文梳理了中国特色调味品——油辣椒的起源与发展历程。 【详解】4．细节理解题。根据第三段“Gao Lian, who lived near what is now Shanghai and wrote plays, wasn’t all that excited about it as a condiment or a medicine. Instead, he used it as a decorative plant.(高濂住在现在上海附近，他写戏曲，他对它作为调味品或药物并不那么兴奋。相反，他把它当作装饰植物使用)”可知，高濂将辣椒用作装饰。 5．主旨大意题。根据第四段“Unlike other spices (调味品), chilies weren’t farmed and traded as goods. Instead, they were passed from person to person and grown in small fields, falling into the hands of skilled farmers who developed even better chilies over time. These chilies — and the condiment made by cooking them in oil — became must-have cooking materials all over China, becoming so widespread that they were considered part of the nation’s identity.(和其他调味品不同，辣椒并未作为商品种植和交易。相反，辣椒在民户间传播，在小块田地里种植，落到经验丰富的农民手中，随着时间推移逐步培育出了更优良的辣椒。这些辣椒，以及用油榨制而成的辛辣调味品，成为了全中国必不可少的烹饪原料，分布之广让它被认为是中国民族身份认同的一部分)”可知，第四段主要介绍了辣椒传入中国后在民间逐步发展、普及的过程，因此本段主要内容是辣椒在中国的发展。 6．细节理解题。根据第五段“it was not until 1997 that chili crisp was produced and sold widely. That year, Tao Huabi began selling Lao Gan Ma Spicy Chili Crisp from China’s Guizhou Province.(直到1997年，油辣椒才开始大规模生产和售卖。同年，陶华碧开始售卖产自中国贵州的老干妈油辣椒)”可知，1997年陶华碧将油辣椒推向市场大规模售卖。 7．推理判断题。根据第五段“That year, Tao Huabi began selling Lao Gan Ma Spicy Chili Crisp from China’s Guizhou Province. Over time, chili crisp has built a strong following around the world.(同年，陶华碧开始售卖产自中国贵州的老干妈油辣椒。久而久之，油辣椒在全球收获了大批爱好者)”可推知，老干妈品牌推动了油辣椒在世界范围内的知名度。 C.【答案】8．C 9．C 10．A 11．C 【导语】文章分析了喝热水这一流行趋势，探讨了其文化来源、科学证据及专家观点，最终指出无论水温如何，喝水本身对健康有益。 【详解】8．细节理解题。根据第一段中“The trend is part of a habit of people taking on elements of Eastern medicine and Chinese culture and sharing their experiences on social media. (这一趋势是人们接受东方医学和中国文化元素并在社交媒体上分享经验这一习惯的一部分。)”可知，热水趋势的主要原因可能是中国文化与东方医学的影响。 9．推理判断题。根据第二段中“In fact, few scientific studies have examined these benefits. A 2016 study on gallbladder (胆囊) surgery patients found that those who drank warm water passed gas sooner than those who did not, but it did not greatly speed up their first bowel movement (排便). (事实上，很少有科学研究验证过这些好处。一项2016年针对胆囊手术患者的研究发现，喝温水的患者比不喝的患者排气更快，但并未显著加速首次排便。)”可推知，作者提到2016年的研究是为了支撑上一句的观点，说明热水的好处缺乏科学证据支持。 10．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章客观呈现了对喝热水的支持与质疑两方面的观点，第二段指出其好处缺乏科学证据，第三段提到“生物意义上合理”，第四段指出“清洁身体”说法有误，最后一段总结“水本身有益”，作者未表达个人偏向，总体上态度是客观的。 11．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段中“As Dr. May concluded, the hot water trend proves what is already known. “Water is really good for you in every way.” So, whether you drink it hot, warm, or cold — just drink it. (正如May博士所总结的，热水趋势证明了早已为人所知的事实：“水在各方面对身体都非常有益。”因此，无论你喝的是热的、温的还是冷的，只要饮用即可。)”可知，文章围绕“喝热水”这一流行趋势展开，从文化背景、科学研究、专家观点等多角度进行科学分析，最后回归到“喝水本身有益”的结论，因此，文章主要内容是对喝热水的科学分析。 二．【答案】12．F 13．C 14．E 15．B 16．A 【导语】文章主要讲述了通过控制食量、细嚼慢咽、管理情绪及规律进餐等方式来实现适度饮食的健康理念。 【详解】12．由上文“What is moderation (适度)? Basically, it means eating only as much food as your body needs. You should feel satisfied at the end of a meal, but not too full.(什么是适度？基本上，它意味着只吃身体所需的食物量。一顿饭结束时你应该感到满足，但不要太饱。)”及下文“But it doesn’t mean saying goodbye to the foods you love.(但这并不意味着要和你喜欢的食物告别。)”可知，上文解释了适度饮食的定义，下文转折说明不需要完全放弃喜爱的食物，本空本空应引出适度饮食对多数人来说的直观含义。F选项“For many of us, moderation means eating less than we do now.(对我们许多人来说，适度意味着比现在吃得少。)”能承接上文的定义，同时与下文“not saying goodbye”形成转折逻辑，符合语境。 13．由上文“Take your time. It’s important to slow down and think about food as something nutritious rather than just something to eat in between meetings.(慢慢来。放慢速度很重要，要把食物看作是营养的来源，而不仅仅是会议间隙填饱肚子的东西。)”及下文“It actually takes a few minutes for your brain to tell your body that it has had enough food, so eat slowly and stop eating before you feel full.(大脑实际上需要几分钟才能告诉身体已经摄入了足够的食物，所以要慢慢吃，在感到饱之前停止进食。)”可知，上文强调吃饭要慢，下文解释慢吃的生理原因，本空应具体说明不要在匆忙中进食。C选项“Don’t swallow a meal on the way to work.(别在上班路上狼吞虎咽地吃一顿。)”是对“slow down”和“eat slowly”的具体反面示例，符合语境。 14．由上文“And be careful about the foods you keep at hand. It’s more challenging to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like cookies.(小心手边的食物。如果你手边随时有像饼干这样的不健康零食，要做到适度饮食就更具挑战性。)”可知，上文不建议随手摆放不健康零食，空格给出替代方案。E选项“Instead, surround yourself with healthy choices.(相反，让你周围都是健康的选择。)”中的“Instead”承接上文的问题，给出正面解决方案，符合语境。 15．由本段小标题“Control emotional (情绪的) eating.(控制情绪化进食。)”以及下文“Many of us also turn to food to deal with unpleasant emotions such as sadness, loneliness, or boredom.(我们许多人也会借助食物来应对悲伤、孤独或无聊等不愉快情绪。)”可知，上文强调控制情绪化进食，下文提到人们会因情绪而进食，本空应概括性地指出人们进食并不完全是为了充饥。B选项“We don’t always eat just to satisfy hunger.(我们并不总是一味为了满足饥饿而吃东西。)”引出情绪化进食的话题，承上启下，符合语境。 16．由下文“A healthy breakfast can start your metabolism (新陈代谢), while eating small, healthy meals keeps your energy up all day. Avoid eating late at night. Try to eat dinner earlier and fast for 14-16 hours until breakfast the next morning. Studies suggest that eating only when you’re most active and giving your digestive system a long break each day may help to regulate weight.(健康的早餐能够启动新陈代谢，少食多餐、选择健康食物则可以让你全天精力充沛。避免深夜进食。尽量提早吃晚餐，然后禁食14至16小时，直至第二天早餐。研究表明，只在身体活动量最大的时候进食，并且每天让消化系统长时间休息，有助于调节体重。)”可知，下文介绍了全天不同时段的饮食建议（早餐、少食多餐、避免夜宵），本空应概括本段主旨，即强调全天规律饮食的重要性。A选项“Eat properly throughout the day.(全天都要合理饮食。)”能统领全段，涵盖下文的所有具体建议，符合语境。 三．【答案】17．B 18．C 19．D 20．C 21．B 22．A 23．C 24．A 25．A 26．D 27．B 28．B 29．C 30．D 31．A 【导语】文章讲述了李梅在法国高中因带中式午餐被嘲笑，后来通过参与“美食与文化周”项目制作煎饼，意外获得同学理解与接纳，通过美食文化交流打破文化隔阂的故事。 【详解】17．考查名词。句意：转学到巴黎的一所高中后，在学校吃自制的午餐成了一件每天都要面对的难事。A. adventure冒险；B. struggle难事；C. quarrel争吵；D. competition竞争。根据上文“While her French classmates tucked into salads, Li Mei pulled out a pack of steamed rice.”可知，李梅在法国上学，每天带中式午餐，与同学的法式沙拉形成对比，这让吃自制的午餐成了难事。 18．考查形容词。句意：在平常的一天，她的同学Pierre指着她的食物低声说：“那看起来好奇怪！”A. amazing惊人的；B. delicious美味的；C. strange奇怪的；D. special特别的。根据下文“Red-faced, Li Mei stayed away from the cafeteria afterwards.”可知，同学Pierre所说的话导致李梅脸红并远离食堂，表明他认为食物看起来奇怪。 19．考查动词。句意：事情出现了转机，她的历史老师Dupont先生发起了一个名为“美食与文化周”的项目。A. declared宣布；B. postponed推迟；C. delivered递送；D. launched发起。根据上文“her history teacher Mr. Dupont”和下文“a project called Food & Culture Week”可知，历史老师发起了一个名为“美食与文化周”的项目。 20．考查动词。句意：每个学生都必须准备一道传统菜肴并解释其文化含义。A. purchase购买；B. review复习；C. prepare准备；D. invent发明。根据下文“On presentation day, she ____ all her ingredients with shaky hands.”可知，展示那天，李梅带来了食材，表明每个学生必须准备一道传统菜。 21．考查动词。句意：李梅犹豫了：她的同学们会对中国菜感兴趣吗？A. regretted后悔；B. hesitated犹豫；C. rejected拒绝；D. protested抗议。根据下文“would her classmates show any interest in Chinese cuisine”可知，李梅担心同学不感兴趣，表明她犹豫是否要展示中国菜。 22．考查动词短语。句意：展示那天，她用颤抖的双手摆出了所有食材。A. laid out摆放；B. set off出发；C. heated up加热；D. gave away赠送。根据下文“Pierre stepped forward to help with the cooking”可知，Pierre走上前来帮忙烹饪，烹饪前需做的是摆放所有食材。 23．考查副词。句意：出乎意料的是，Pierre走上前来帮忙烹饪。A. Unfortunately不幸地；B. Unfairly不公平地；C. Unexpectedly出乎意料地；D. Unkindly不友善地。根据上文“Pierre pointed at her food and whispered, “That looks ____!””可知，Pierre之前嘲笑过李梅，现在却上前帮忙，这出乎她的意料。 24．考查动词。句意：在摊面糊时，他坦白道：“我当时嘲笑你的午餐，但我现在意识到那是你和你文化身份的重要部分。”A. spreading展开；B. throwing扔；C. sweeping打扫；D. wiping擦拭。根据上文“Pierre stepped forward to help with the cooking”可知，Pierre走上前来帮忙烹饪，制作煎饼时需要把面糊摊开。 25．考查名词。句意：在摊面糊时，他坦白道：“我当时嘲笑你的午餐，但我现在意识到那是你和你文化身份的重要部分。”A. identity身份；B. interest兴趣；C. personality个性；D. quality质量。根据上文“it’s a big part of who you are”可知，Pierre承认李梅的午餐是她身份和文化身份的一部分。 26．考查动词。句意：当脆脆的煎饼做好后，她的同学们围了过来，连珠炮似地提问关于中国新年习俗的问题。A. receiving接收；B. supplying供应；C. rising上升；D. firing连珠炮似地提出。根据上文“Once the crispy jianbing was ready, her classmates crowded around”可知，同学们围过来，说明对李梅的煎饼很感兴趣，连珠炮似地提问关于中国新年习俗。 27．考查动词。句意：那些曾经忽视李梅的人现在热情地和她打招呼。A. betrayed背叛；B. ignored忽视；C. envied嫉妒；D. calmed使平静。根据上文“I laughed at your lunch back then”可知，其他同学也和Pierre一样，会嘲笑李梅的午餐，他们的态度是忽视李梅。 28．考查动词短语。句意：一个叫Sophie的女孩甚至提议为学校义卖会合写一本中法双语食谱，收录代代相传的传统家庭菜谱。A. passed on传递；B. passed down传承；C. brought up抚养；D. brought down降低。根据下文“across generations”可知，这些菜谱是代代相传下来的。 29．考查动词。句意：到闭幕那天，这本名为《跨越国界的美食》的食谱里装满了各种菜谱。A. covered覆盖；B. combined结合；C. packed塞满；D. matched匹配。根据上文“A girl called Sophie even suggested co-writing a Chinese-French cookbook for the school fair, featuring traditional family recipes ____ across generations.”可知，Sophie提议合写一本收录各种菜谱的书，表明这本书装满了各种菜谱。 30．考查名词。句意：她普通的家常午餐教会了她比任何教科书都更多关于如何找到自己位置的东西。A. skill技能；B. book书；C. cook厨师；D. lunch午餐。根据上文“eating her homemade lunch”可知，此处呼应开头，是lunch的同词复现。 31．考查形容词。句意：“食物是最美味的外交政策，”Dupont先生咬了一口红豆牛角包说道。A. tastiest最美味的；B. heaviest最重的；C. oldest最老的；D. biggest最大的。根据上文“Food”和下文“biting into a red bean croissant”可知，文章的主线是食物，tastiest“最美味的”是形容食物的表达，“最美味的外交政策”既幽默又贴切地表达了食物促进文化交流的作用。 四．【答案】32．without 33．whose 34．gratitude 35．favored/favorable 36．elder 37．tragically 38．sought 39．has been handed 40．settled 41．selling 【导语】文章介绍了杭州的美食文化，特别介绍了当地的几种特色菜肴和与其相关的故事传说。包括东坡肉、西湖醋鱼、宋嫂鱼羹等。 【详解】32．考查介词。句意：不吃杭州的特色菜，你的杭州之行就不算完整。根据后文的动名词可知设空处使用介词。根据句意，表示“没有尝试特色的杭州菜”用介词without。 33．考查定语从句。句意：苏轼被流放到杭州时，发起了对西湖的彻底清淤，此次清淤的益处对当地人而言立竿见影、十分明显。设空处引导的是非限制性定语从句，引导词在从句中作定语，指代前文“西湖疏浚的益处”即表示所属关系用whose。 34．考查名词。句意：为了表达他们的感激之情，他们送给苏很多猪肉。设空处使用grateful的名词gratitude作宾语，意为“感激”。 35．考查形容词。句意：他把这道菜分发给参与工程的人，广受喜爱。设空处使用形容词favored或favorable，作表语，意为“备受喜爱的”。 36．考查比较级。句意：哥哥被杀害了。根据后文“And the younger brother”可知此处指哥哥，用old的比较级形式。 37．考查副词。句意：弟弟也不幸被流放。设空处使用tragic的tragically副词作状语，意为“不幸地”。 38．考查动词。句意：这个年轻人后来回到杭州当上了高官，为他被杀害的哥哥报仇，并找到了他的嫂子。设空处使用动词作谓语，根据前文的returned可知，句子表述过去事实，故使用一般过去时。 39．考查时态语态。句意：从那时起，这道菜就代代相传。句中since then为现在完成时时间标志，同时dish与hand之间是被动关系，故使用现在完成时的被动语态，助动词用has。 40．考查动词。句意：宋朝时，一位昵称为宋嫂的女子在西湖边定居下来，靠卖鱼汤为生。设空处使用动词作谓语。根据前文的During the Song Dynasty以及句意可知，句子表述过去事实，故使用一般过去时。 41．考查非谓语动词。句意：宋朝时，一位昵称为宋嫂的女子在西湖边定居下来，靠卖鱼汤为生。固定搭配make a living doing sth.意为“靠做某事谋生”，故填sell的动名词形式selling。 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 Food and Culture 单元重点单词短语句型语法精练 （时间：120分钟，满分：150分） 教材考点概览 1． 重点单词： stuff vt.&n.填满，把……塞进│东西，物品； elegant adj.精美的，讲究的，文雅的 exceptional adj.特别的，罕见的. minimum adj.&n.最低(限度)的，最小的│最小值，最少量 consume vt.吃，喝，饮，消耗 temper n.脾气，火气 stable adj.稳定的，稳重的 somewhat adv.有点，稍微 quantity n.数量，数额 ideal adj.&n.完美的，理想的，想象的│理想，完美的人(或事物) fundamental adj.&n.根本的，基础的，基本的│基本规律，根本法则 consistent adj.一致的，连续的 modest adj.些许的，谦虚的，朴素的 trick n.诀窍，计谋，把戏 2． 重点短语： prior to ……之前的 consist of 由……组成(或构成) slice…off 切下 junk food 垃圾食品 regardless of 不管，不顾 cool down 冷却 warm up 热身 cut down 减少，减低 cut out 停止做 3． 派生词： consist (v.)----adj.‌consistent‌(一致的)----n.‌consistency‌(一致性)； consistent(adj.)----‌inconsistent‌(反义词) lamb (n.羊羔)----lame (adj.跛足的)----lamp (n.灯) elegant (adj.)—n. elegance—adv.‌elegantly‌ exceptional (adj.)----prep.‌except‌----n.‌exception‌(例外)----adv.‌exceptionally‌(异常地) minimum (adj.)----‌maximum‌(反义词)； minimum----v.‌minimize‌(最小化)----adj.‌minimal‌(极小的) consume (v.)----n.‌consumption‌(消费)----n.‌consumer‌(消费者)‌ dessert (n.甜点)----desert (n&v.沙漠/遗弃) stable (adj.)----adv.‌stably‌(稳定地)----n.‌stability‌(稳定性)； somewhat (adv.有点)----anyhow (adv.无论如何)---somehow (adv.以某种方式) association (n.协会)----v.‌associate‌(关联/交往) dairy (n.乳品)----‌diary‌(n.日记) moderation (n.)----adj.‌moderate‌(适度的) ideal (adj.)----n.‌idealism‌(理想主义)----adv.‌ideally‌(理想地)‌‌ fundamental (adj.)----adv. ‌fundamentally‌ (根本地)； modest (adj.)----n. ‌modesty‌ (谦虚)； trick (n&v.)----adj. ‌tricky‌ (狡猾的/难对付的)‌‌ 4． 重点句型： 1. Tired,hungry, and not knowing a word of Chinese, we had no idea how to order, so the chef just began filling our table with the best food we had ever eaten. 此句主句为we had no idea how to order,前面的Tired,hungry, and not knowing a word of Chinese为原因状语，其中Tired,hungry为形容词作状语。此句理解为：我们又累又饿，一句中文也不懂，不知道该怎么点菜，于是厨师便在我们的桌上摆满了我们吃过的最美味的食物。 2. It has become a favourite traditional dish of the people in North China, where making dumplings has always been a family affair with everyone-from the youngest to the oldest-joining in to help. 从句中，where 引导的是一个定语从句，修饰先行词North China。定语从句中还有一个with的复合结构。从句理解为：它已成为中国北方人民最喜爱的传统菜肴，在那里，包饺子一直是一项家庭活动，从年幼者到年长者，每个人都会参与帮忙。 考点夯基攻坚 小题夯基·精准突破 一、单词拼写: (每题1分，共计15分) 1．Due to the use of new techniques, the traditional china vases can be produced in large q________.（根据首字母填空） 2．In the __________ (自助餐厅) we serve ourselves. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 3．A __________ (食堂) is a place in a factory or military base where meals or snacks are served to the people who work there. （根据汉语意思填空） 4．If you want to open a restaurant， you should ask Mary for advice. She knows all the t__________of the trade.（根据首字母填空） 5．Various ________(品牌)of watches are now on display in the shop windows. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 6．It was such a delicious d________(甜点) that I decided to order another portion. （根据中英文提示填空） 7．Based on their personal experience, c____________(厨师)make various dishes. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 8．I need to find a ________ (稳定的) job to cover my living expenses. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 9．Our body cells require many substances, such as iron, certain of ________ (维生素) and fats. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 10．Increasing numbers of people are sensitive to ________ (奶制的) products. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 11．The majority of scientists are ________ (谦虚的) about their achievements no matter how great they are, not liking showing off on public occasions. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 12．AI can be used to promote ________ (基础的) skills, such as mathematical education and vocabulary lessons. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 13．My grandmother’s handwritten ________ (食谱) for apple pie is our family’s treasure. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 14．He believes that students should be encouraged to experiment with b_________________ (大胆的) ideas. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 15．More importantly, computer science is closely related to most fields of science and has a decisive role in one country’s ________ (全面的) development. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 二、语法填空: (每空1分，共计25分) 16．The apartments are ideal single people living alone. (用适当的词填空) 17．They remained (fundamental)opposed to the plan. (所给词的适当形式填空) 18．There is a strong (associate) between diet and health. (所给词的适当形式填空) 19．The old gardener then realized that he （trick）because the tortoise was not afraid of water. (所给词的适当形式填空) 20． (quantity) of fireworks were set off to welcome the new year. (所给词的适当形式填空) 21．The cook sliced a thick piece from the beef. (用适当的词填空) 22．My monitor stood at the door with his hands (stuff) into the pockets. (所给词的适当形式填空) 23．She’s (ideal) suited for this job. (所给词的适当形式填空) 24．They believed that the greater the diversity the (stable) the ecosystem. (所给词的适当形式填空) 25．Many of the state’s beaches fail to meet (minimize) standards of cleanliness. (所给词的适当形式填空) 26．I put it in my mouth slowly, still looking down, (chew) while I thought. (所给词的适当形式填空) 27．Americans like Tso’s chicken, (consist) of fried chicken (flavour) with hot red peppers. (所给词的适当形式填空) 28． to the invention of paper, ancient Chinese wrote on bamboo slips, showing their first was to record information. (prior) （所给词的适当形式填空） 29．During festivals, families special foods, and this strengthens cultural bonds. (consume) （所给词的适当形式填空） 30．The of Chinese calligraphy attracts many learners, and the brushwork is not easy to master. (elegant) (所给词的适当形式填空) 31．The beauty of Chinese calligraphy of four basic skills, and its style development over centuries shows the of our cultural values. (consistent) （所给词的适当形式填空） 32．The Peking Opera performers’ skills are truly , with no among the cast; for a few modern innovations, the art form has remained unchanged for centuries. (exceptional) （所给词的适当形式填空） 三、选词填空：（每空1分，共计20分） A chew, consume, category, consist of, quantities of, regardless of Food and healthy eating is a lasting and universal topic. So what does healthy eating 33 ?As far as I am concerned, the key lies in eating different 34 of food in moderation. Many people 35 36 junk food 37 the outcome. Besides, eat your meals slowly and 38 your food carefully. All in all, we should have a wise attitude towards food. After all, we eat to live but not live to eat. B A．elegant    B．cuisine      C． recipe    D．exceptional    E. lamb   F. vinegar The French author Jean Anthelme Brillat­Savarin once wrote, “Tell me what you eat, and I will tell you what you are.”, which seems to be true. Chinese 39 is a case in point. For example, people in Shandong like boiled dumplings served with 40 . Traditionally, people in Xinjiang spent most of their time on horseback, so they prefer their food to be cooked over an open fire—usually boiled or roasted meat, such as 41 kebab. In Shandong, the most famous food is pancake rolls stuffed with sliced Chinese green onions. You can experience wonderful local dishes in South and Central China, from Guangdong’s 42 dim sum—small servings of food in bamboo steamers—to the 43 stewed noodles in Henan. C minimum    elegant    fibre    desserts recipe    exceptional    chef    prior to 44．A: Why do you eat so many bananas? B: Because bananas offer an excellent source of and vitamins. 45．A: How do you manage to stay so slim and fit? B: I have brought my consumption of sweets and down to the bare 46．A: How do you like your new cooking classes? B: They’re ! The teacher used to be a famous in a big hotel. 47．A: What is Jessie busy with in the kitchen? B: She is trying a new for pumpkin pie. 48．A: Why did they refuse the dinner invitation? B: They had to refuse the dinner invitation because of an engagement made it. 49．A: How did you find the restaurant you visited yesterday? B: It was beautiful and ! We’ve never been to such an attractive restaurant before. 四、完成句子：（每题2分，共计20分） 50．网上购物是当今消费的一种新途径。 Internet shopping is ________. 51．美国人如今每天吃的蔬菜是他们 2016 年时吃的两倍多。 Americans eat__________________________________________________vegetables each day today as they did in 2016. 52．Hard work______________（是成功的基础）. （根据汉语提示完成句子） 53．不管昨天发生了什么，也不管明天可能发生或者不会发生什么，现在才是我们关注的所在。(regardless of)________and what may or may not happen tomorrow, the present moment is where we are. 54．当孩子们调皮捣蛋时，我努力控制自己的脾气。 I struggle to ________________ with the kids when they misbehave. (temper) 55．穿绿色外套的女孩看起来比她的同伴更优雅。（现在分词作定语；elegant） The girl _______________________________________________________ than her companion. 56．在来这儿之前，他从事过厨师工作。(prior to) ________________, he worked as a chef. 57．我的朋友捉弄我，把我的钥匙藏了起来；这有点烦人。 My friend ________ by hiding my keys, which was a bit annoying. 58．他们吃大量的垃圾食品，垃圾食品的热量很高。 They __________________. 59．长途旅行之后, 他们三个又冷又饿地回到了家。 After the long journey, the three of them went back home, _______________. 综合攻坚·知能拔高 一、阅读理解：（每题2.5分，共计27.5分） A It’s hard to say what is normal and what is weird where food is concerned — it all depends on the taste of the individual and which part of the world you come from. One person’s nightmare is another person’s delicacy. Here are a few of the strangest types of food from around the world. Haggis (Scotland) A world-famous dish, haggis is made from the parts of a sheep many people would throw away. The heart, lungs and liver are mixed together with onion, spices and oatmeal, then put inside a sheep’s stomach and boiled for three hours. Sannakji (Korea) Now that Japanese sushi is popular around the world, many people are used to eating raw fish. But Sannakji is different. It consists of octopus which is sliced up while alive. The octopus is then cooked in sesame oil and served with a dipping sauce. If you don’t chew the octopus carefully, it’s possible that the tiny suction cups on tentacles (触须) can stick to your throat. Fugu (Japan) Fugu is a famous Japanese fish filled with enough of the poison substance to be deadly. Chefs have to be trained before they can prepare the fish. Fugu actually tastes quite mild. The excitement is in surviving the experience of eating it. Frogs’ legs (France) Frogs’legs are a popular dish in France, usually served with garlic. They’re said to taste like chicken, but some people find them to be too chewy. If you’re feeling brave, you can try frogs’ legs for yourself — just be sure to remove the skin and bones before you eat them. 1．What do you need to pay attention to while eating Sannakji? A．Eating carefully and slowly. B．Boiling it with dipping sauce. C．Slicing up the dead octopus. D．Preparing a cup of sesame oil. 2．Which dish offers diners a thrill of danger? A．Haggis from Scotland. B．Sannakji from Korea. C．Fugu from Japan. D．Frogs’legs from France. 3．Where does this text probably come from? A．A special menu. B．A cooking recipe. C．A food magazine. D．A nutrition guidebook. B Home cooks like it. Restaurants include it in new dishes. It’s chili crisp (油辣椒), and it’s highly popular in the food world. The Chinese condiment (辛辣调味品) is a kitchen powerhouse known for its many different uses and heat. But how did the must-have condiment get started? Originally from Central and South America, chilies were unknown in China until around the 16th century, when an increase in exploration and trade brought chilies to the Chinese mainland. The first written record of the chili in China dates from 1591. Gao Lian, who lived near what is now Shanghai and wrote plays, wasn’t all that excited about it as a condiment or a medicine. Instead, he used it as a decorative plant. But while wealthy Chinese enjoyed chilies in their decorative gardens, the masses began eating and enjoying the plants. By 1765, chilies were widely used in dishes. There’s even a recipe for chili crisp in The Harmonious Cauldron, the earliest Chinese cookbook to include chilies. Unlike other spices (调味品), chilies weren’t farmed and traded as goods. Instead, they were passed from person to person and grown in small fields, falling into the hands of skilled farmers who developed even better chilies over time. These chilies — and the condiment made by cooking them in oil — became must-have cooking materials all over China, becoming so widespread that they were considered part of the nation’s identity. By the 20th century, chilies cooked in oil were a standard in homes and restaurants. But though the condiment was brought to the United States and served at Chinese restaurants, it was not until 1997 that chili crisp was produced and sold widely. That year, Tao Huabi began selling Lao Gan Ma Spicy Chili Crisp from China’s Guizhou Province. Over time, chili crisp has built a strong following around the world. “You can learn a lot about a culture through food,” said Brian Dott, author of The Chile Pepper in China: A Cultural Biography. It seems the condiment won’t stop bringing the heat any time soon. 4．What did Gao Lian think of the chili? A．It was a powerful medicine. B．It was a must-have condiment. C．It was a popular food. D．It was a nice decoration. 5．What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A．The introduction of chilies to China. B．The development of chilies in China. C．The influence of chilies on Chinese trade. D．The popularity of chilies among wealthy Chinese. 6．What did Tao Huabi do in 1997? A．She brought chili crisp to market. B．She wrote a cookbook about chilies. C．She used chili crisp in her restaurants. D．She planted chilies throughout Guizhou. 7．What can we infer from the passage? A．Chilies were first used as food by wealthy people in China. B．Lao Gan Ma helped make chili crisp known worldwide. C．Chili crisp is only popular in Chinese restaurants. D．Chilies have been in China for over 600 years. C We’ve seen health drinks for health, like lemon water for health and weight loss. Now, the latest drink riding the online health wave is hot water. A popular example is drinking hot or warm water before breakfast. The trend is part of a habit of people taking on elements of Eastern medicine and Chinese culture and sharing their experiences on social media. Many say it improves digestion, leaving them feeling thinner and less swollen. Some also say it improves the skin, helps with weight loss and even “cleans the body”. For thousands of years, traditional Chinese medicine has encouraged warm water drinking to keep the digestive system at its best, as cold drinks are thought to cause stomach discomfort. In fact, few scientific studies have examined these benefits. A 2016 study on gallbladder (胆囊) surgery patients found that those who drank warm water passed gas sooner than those who did not, but it did not greatly speed up their first bowel movement (排便). Despite the lack of strong evidence, drinking warm water in the morning does make biological sense, explained Dr. Lisa Ganjhu. Digestion slows during sleep, and anything taken in upon waking causes waves of tightening and loosening in the muscles of the food pipe, stomach, and intestines (肠道). Dr. Folasade May added that temperature may not be important; warm or cold water might have the same effect, which can reduce swelling. Claims about water “cleaning” the body are not correct, said food expert Kristen Smith — the liver and kidneys deal with poisons, not water. As for weight loss, a small drop on the scale after a large bowel movement does not last. The main benefit of drinking warm water may simply be getting water. Upon waking, the body is a little short of water, so drinking water can help with signs like hunger, headaches, and feeling slow. Over time, it is adequate in the body, which makes waste softer and helps keep you regular and feel less swollen. As Dr. May concluded, the hot water trend proves what is already known. “Water is really good for you in every way.” So, whether you drink it hot, warm, or cold — just drink it. Your stomach doesn’t care about the temperature; it just wants the water. 8．What might be the main reason for the hot water trend? A．The discomfort caused by drinking cold water. B．The better effect on weight loss than lemon water. C．The influence of Chinese culture and Eastern medicine. D．The desire to become a social media influencer with more fans. 9．Why does the author mention the 2016 study? A．To prove that warm water significantly helps pass gas soon. B．To recommend warm water for gallbladder surgery patients. C．To show that the hot water effects are not scientifically proved. D．To compare the effects of warm water and cold water for digestion. 10．What is the author’s attitude towards hot water? A．Objective. B．Disapproving. C．Supportive. D．Concerned. 11．What is the passage mainly about? A．The advantages of drinking warm water. B．Ways to keep healthy with various drinks. C．Scientific analysis of drinking warm water. D．The effect of traditional Chinese medicine on health. 二．七选五：（每题2.5分，共计12.5分） What is moderation (适度)? Basically, it means eating only as much food as your body needs. You should feel satisfied at the end of a meal, but not too full. 12 But it doesn’t mean saying goodbye to the foods you love. Take your time. It’s important to slow down and think about food as something nutritious rather than just something to eat in between meetings. 13 It actually takes a few minutes for your brain to tell your body that it has had enough food, so eat slowly and stop eating before you feel full. Eat with others whenever possible. Eating alone, especially in front of the TV or computer, often leads to mindless overeating. And be careful about the foods you keep at hand. It’s more challenging to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like cookies. 14 Control emotional (情绪的) eating. 15 Many of us also turn to food to deal with unpleasant emotions such as sadness, loneliness, or boredom. But by learning healthier ways to manage emotions, you can regain control over the food you eat and your feelings. 16 A healthy breakfast can start your metabolism (新陈代谢), while eating small, healthy meals keeps your energy up all day. Avoid eating late at night. Try to eat dinner earlier and fast for 14-16 hours until breakfast the next morning. Studies suggest that eating only when you’re most active and giving your digestive system a long break each day may help to regulate weight. A．Eat properly throughout the day. B．We don’t always eat just to satisfy hunger. C．Don’t swallow a meal on the way to work. D．Most of us need to double the amount we eat. E．Instead, surround yourself with healthy choices. F．For many of us, moderation means eating less than we do now. G．That won’t lead to cheating or giving up on your new eating plan. 三、完形填空：（每题1分，共计15分） While her French classmates tucked into salads, Li Mei pulled out a pack of steamed rice. After transferring to a high school in Paris, eating her homemade lunch at school became a daily 17 . On a typical day, her classmate Pierre pointed at her food and whispered, “That looks 18 !” Red-faced, Li Mei stayed away from the cafeteria afterwards. Things took a turn when her history teacher Mr. Dupont 19 a project called Food & Culture Week. Every student had to 20 a traditional dish and explain its cultural meaning. Li Mei 21 : would her classmates show any interest in Chinese cuisine? In the end, she settled on jianbing, a beloved hometown street snack. On presentation day, she 22 all her ingredients with shaky hands. 23 , Pierre stepped forward to help with the cooking. While 24 out the batter (面糊), he confessed: “I laughed at your lunch back then, but I’ve come to realize it’s a big part of who you are and your cultural 25 .” Once the crispy jianbing was ready, her classmates crowded around, 26 questions about Chinese New Year customs. The project brought everyone closer. Those who’d once 27 Li Mei now greeted her warmly. A girl called Sophie even suggested co-writing a Chinese-French cookbook for the school fair, featuring traditional family recipes 28 across generations. By the closing day, the book Bites Beyond Borders was 29 with recipes. Holding the book, Li Mei understood cultural divides are not brick walls, but locked doors waiting to be opened. Her ordinary homemade 30 taught her more about finding her place than any textbook ever could. “Food is the 31 foreign policy,” Mr. Dupont said, biting into a red bean croissant. 17．A．adventure B．struggle C．quarrel D．competition 18．A．amazing B．delicious C．strange D．special 19．A．declared B．postponed C．delivered D．launched 20．A．purchase B．review C．prepare D．invent 21．A．regretted B．hesitated C．rejected D．protested 22．A．laid out B．set off C．heated up D．gave away 23．A．Unfortunately B．Unfairly C．Unexpectedly D．Unkindly 24．A．spreading B．throwing C．sweeping D．wiping 25．A．identity B．interest C．personality D．quality 26．A．receiving B．supplying C．rising D．firing 27．A．betrayed B．ignored C．envied D．calmed 28．A．passed on B．passed down C．brought up D．brought down 29．A．covered B．combined C．packed D．matched 30．A．skill B．book C．cook D．lunch 31．A．tastiest B．heaviest C．oldest D．biggest 三、语法填空：（每题1.5分，共计15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 As one of the eight cuisines of China, Hangzhou dishes are noted for their unique characteristics. A trip to Hangzhou isn’t complete 32 trying some of its special dishes. Here are a few must-try meals, each of which has an age-old story. Dongpo Pork (东坡肉) Dongpo Pork was named after Song Dynasty poet and official, Su Dongpo. When Su was exiled (流放) to Hangzhou, he initiated a thorough dredging (清淤) of West Lake, 33 benefits were immediate and clear for the locals. To express their 34 (grateful), they gifted Su a lot of pork. Su added his own twist to the traditional process of cooking pork belly. He distributed the dish to those who worked on the project and it became widely 35 (favor). West Lake Carp in Vinegar Gravy (西湖醋鱼) Legend has it that two brothers lived in Hangzhou. The 36 (old) brother was murdered. And the younger brother was forced into exile (放逐) 37 (tragic). During his farewell dinner, his recently widowed sister-in-law cooked a dish that was both sweet and sour, implying the younger brother should “not forget the sour amid the sweet”. The young man later returned to Hangzhou as a high-ranking official, avenged (报仇) his brother’s murder and 38 (seek) out his sister-in-law. Since then, the dish 39 (hand) down from generation to generation. Sister Song’s Fish Soup (宋嫂鱼羹) During the Song Dynasty, a woman nicknamed Sister Song 40 (settle) down alongside West Lake and made a living 41 (sell) fish soup. During a trip to West Lake, Emperor Gaozong tasted her fish soup and spoke highly of it. The soup’s reputation spread far and wide, and it became a calling card for the city. 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $