Unit 3 Food and Culture（重难词汇精练）英语人教版选择性必修第二册

**基本信息** 围绕“Food and Culture”主题，构建“基础词形-单句应用-语篇综合”三级词汇训练体系，强化语言能力与学习能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |词汇基础练|词性转换9题、核心短语10题、重点单词20题等|聚焦词形变化（如consist→consistent）、固定搭配（如consist of）及词义记忆，通过单句语法填空、拼写等巩固基础|从词形派生（动词→名词/形容词）到短语搭配，再到单句语境应用，形成“词汇生成-理解-初步运用”逻辑链| |词汇语境练|2篇语法填空、1篇应用文写作|语篇语法填空考查词汇在文化场景（如南京乌饭、贵州抹茶）中的语法应用，写作要求结合“Food and Health”主题输出|从单句应用过渡到语篇综合，实现“词汇-语法-文化-表达”的迁移，提升语言运用的思维品质|

Unit 3 Food and Culture重难词汇精练 01 词汇基础练 1 一、词性转换 1 二、核心短语 1 三、重点单词 2 四、单句语法填空 2 五、单词拼写 6 六、完成句子 7 02 词汇语境练 9 一、语法填空 9 二、应用文写作 11 题型一、词性转换 1. consist vi. 组成→consistent adj. 一致的; 连续的 2. consume vt. 消费; 消耗→consumer n. 消费者→ consumption n. 消耗 3. elegant adj. 优雅的 →elegance n. 优雅 4. prior adj. 先前的; 优先的 →priority n. 优先权 5. stable adj. 稳定的; 稳重的 →stability n. 稳定性 6. except prep. 除了 →exceptional adj. 特别的; 罕见的 7. minimum adj最小的; 最低(限度)的 n. 最小值 →minimize v. 最小化 8. associate v. 联系; 联想→association n. 关联; 协会 9. moderate adj. 适度的; 合理的→moderation n. 适度; 合理 题型二、核心短语 1. prior to　　　　 在……之前的  2. consist of 由……组成(或构成)  3. slice. . . off 切下 4. regardless of 不管; 不顾  5. relate. . . to  把……联系起来 6. refer to 查阅; 涉及; 指的是  7. recommend sth. to sb. 向某人推荐某物  8. stuff sth. with. . . 用……把某物填满  9. make up  组成; 编造; 化妆; 弥补  10. quantities of 大量  题型三、重点单词 1．cuisine n．菜肴；风味；烹饪 2．prior adj.先前的；优先的 3．recipe n．烹饪法；食谱 4．chef n．厨师；主厨 5．stuff vt.填满；把……塞进 n．东西；物品 6．elegant adj.精美的；讲究的；文雅的 7．minimum adj.最低(限度)的；最小的 n．最小值；最少量 8．cabbage n．甘蓝；卷心菜；洋白菜 9．dessert n．(饭后)甜点 10．canteen n．食堂；餐厅 11．cafeteria n．自助餐厅；自助食堂 12．pork n．猪肉 13．somewhat adv.有点；稍微 14．madam n．夫人；女士 15．calorie n．卡路里(热量单位) 16．category n．类别；种类 17．fibre (especially US fiber) n．纤维；纤维制品 18．quantity n．数量；数额 19．ideal adj.完美的；理想的；想象的 n．理想；完美的人(或事物) 20．fundamental adj.根本的；基础的；基本的 n．基本规律；根本法则 题型四、单句语法填空 1．People with more (consist) stories tend to have a stronger sense of identity, and they feel their life has more meaning, direction and sense of purpose. 【答案】consistent 【详解】句意：有着更连贯故事的人往往拥有更强烈的身份认同感，并且他们会觉得自己的人生更有意义、方向和目标。提示词修饰名词stories，用形容词consistent作定语，意为“一致的，连贯的”。 2．The soldier who rescued the drowning child was praised for his (exception) bravery. 【答案】exceptional 【详解】句意：这位营救落水儿童的士兵因其非凡的勇气受到了表彰。分析句子结构可知，名词bravery前需用形容词作定语，exception的形容词形式为exceptional，意为“杰出的、非凡的”，符合语境。 3． (priority) to the parade, the organizers checked all the floats carefully. 【答案】Prior 【详解】句意：游行前，组织者仔细检查了所有的花车。prior to表示“在……之前”，此处使用形容词prior作状语，表明主语the organizers的状态，句首首字母大写。 4．Part of a pilot project by the Jinan Public Transport Group, the autonomous bus (undergo) tests on a 6.4-kilometer route by the middle of 2025. 【答案】had undergone 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：这款自动驾驶巴士是济南公共交通集团试点项目的一部分，到2025年年中，已经在6.4公里的路线上进行了测试。空处作句子的谓语，根据“by the middle of 2025”可知，句子描述在过去某一时间点之前已经完成的动作，应用过去完成时。故填had undergone。 5．She found that she (leave) her laptop in the café after she got back to the office. 【答案】had left 【详解】考查时态。句意：她发现回到办公室后，自己把笔记本电脑落在了咖啡馆里。“把笔记本电脑落在咖啡馆”发生在 found(发现)之前，是过去的过去，用过去完成时。故填had left。 6．A few months after he (arrive) in China, Mr. Smith fell in love with the people and culture there. 【答案】had arrived 【详解】考查时态。句意：到达中国几个月后，史密斯先生就爱上了那里的人民和文化。“到达中国”发生在“爱上人民和文化”之前，是“过去的过去”，用过去完成时。故填had arrived。 7．Even if you’re taking a fishing trip, you’re burning more (calorie) than you’ll burn sitting indoors. 【答案】calories 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：即使你在进行一次钓鱼旅行，你燃烧的卡路里也比坐在室内时燃烧的要多。calorie“卡路里”，为可数名词，根据句意可知，此处应用其复数形式表示泛指。故填calories。 8．The researchers reported that long-term (expose) to air pollution can affect a person’s mental abilities. 【答案】exposure 【详解】考查名词。句意：研究人员报告称，长期暴露在空气污染中会影响人的认知能力。此处位于形容词“long-term”之后，且作从句的主语，需用名词形式；所给词“expose”为动词，意为“暴露”，其名词形式为exposure，为不可数名词。故填exposure。 9．It’s not right to play (trick) on your teacher in public. 【答案】tricks 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：在公共场合捉弄你的老师是不对的。空处需用名词作play的宾语，trick表示“恶作剧，把戏”，是可数名词，play tricks on sb.为固定短语，表示“捉弄某人”，因此此处应用名词复数形式。故填tricks。 10．Learning that you have large (quantity) of experience in playing basketball, I’m writing to sincerely invite you to join our basketball club. 【答案】quantities 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：得知您在打篮球方面有着丰富的经验，我诚挚地邀请您加入我们的篮球俱乐部。所给词quantity为名词，意为“数量”；large quantities of，意为“大量的……”，修饰不可数名词experience，表示经验的丰富程度，所以此处使用quantity的复数形式quantities。故填quantities。 11． (surprise) and happy, he stood up and accepted the prize. 【答案】Surprised 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他又惊讶又高兴，站起来接受了奖品。空处和happy并列作状语，需用形容词，此处表示人的感受，用ed结尾的形容词surprised，意为“感到惊讶的”。句首单词首字母大写，故填Surprised。 12．This exhibition was organised by the local government in (associate) with several paper-cutting artists. 【答案】association 【详解】考查名词。句意：这次展览是由当地政府联合几位剪纸艺术家组织的。空处作in的宾语，空后为with several paper-cutting artists，associate的名词形式association符合题意，意为“联合，合伙”，短语in association with意为“与……联合”。故填association。 13．As a result of destroying the forests, a large quantity of desert (cover) the land in the last few years. 【答案】has covered 【详解】考查主谓一致和动词时态。句意：由于森林被破坏，在过去的几年里，大片沙漠已经覆盖了土地。此处为谓语动词，时间状语in the last few years表示从过去持续到现在，应用现在完成时；a large quantity of desert作主语时，谓语动词的单复数由quantity的单复数决定，a large quantity为单数概念，故谓语动词用单数，所以谓语动词为has covered。故填has covered。 14．They cut it themselves into very thin (slice) with a long flat knife. 【答案】slices 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：他们自己用一把长长的平刃刀将它切成了非常薄的片状。空处作宾语，需填名词，结合语境可知此处数量大于一用复数形式。故填slices。 15．One of the (bold) things I ever saw Dan do was free solo rock climbing. 【答案】boldest 【详解】考查形容词最高级。句意：我见过丹做过的最勇敢的事之一就是徒手攀岩。“one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”是固定结构，表示“最……之一”。bold意为“大胆的” ，其最高级为boldest。boldest在句中作定语修饰things。故填boldest。 16．I put it in my mouth slowly, still looking down, (chew) while I thought. 【答案】chewing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我慢慢地把它放进嘴里，仍然低着头，一边思考一边咀嚼。分析句子结构可知，句子里已有谓语动词put，且空前无连接词，因此chew (咀嚼) 应用非谓语动词形式。I与chew是主谓关系，故用现在分词作伴随状语。故填chewing。 17．What I always emphasize, though, is that the key is (moderate). 【答案】moderation 【详解】考查名词。句意：然而，我始终强调的是关键在于适度。空格处用名词作表语，moderate的名词是moderation，是不可数名词，意为“适度”，故填moderation。 18．This decision represents the (fundament) interests of the people. 【答案】fundamental 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这一决定体现了人民的根本利益。空格处修饰下文的名词interests，应该用形容词fundamental“根本的；基本的”作定语。故填fundamental。 19．Many of the state’s beaches fail to meet (minimize) standards of cleanliness. 【答案】minimum 【详解】考查形容词。句意：该州的许多海滩未能达到最低的清洁标准。根据“meet ... standards (达到……标准)”可知，此空是定语修饰名词standards。所给词minimize是动词，意为“使减少到最低限度”，其对应的形容词为minimum，意为“最低的；最小的”。meet minimum standards意为“达到最低标准”。故填minimum。 20．Get all the (ingredient) together before you start cooking. 【答案】ingredients 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：在开始烹饪之前，要把所有的食材准备好。ingredient“食材”为可数名词，根据上文all可知用复数形式。故填ingredients。 题型五、单词拼写 21．She felt her home wasn’t __________ (讲究的，高雅的) enough. 【答案】elegant 【详解】句意：她觉得自家房子不够高雅精致。根据汉语提示“讲究的，高雅的”可知，用形容词elegant，作表语。 22．When we are getting along with others, sincerity is the secret __________ (秘诀) for winning true friendship. 【答案】recipe 【详解】句意：当我们与他人相处时，真诚是赢得真正友谊的秘诀。根据汉语提示可知，空处应填名词recipe“秘诀”，在句中作表语，为可数名词，前面有the secret修饰，应用单数形式，特指赢得真正友谊的秘诀。 23．I think healthy hobbies are beneficial to our _________ (全面的) development. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】overall 【详解】句意：我认为健康的爱好对我们全面发展有益。根据汉语提示“全面的”以及空后名词development可知，此处应填形容词overall，作定语修饰名词development。 24．The more learned a man is, the more ________ (谦虚的) he usually is. 【答案】modest/humble 【详解】句意：一个人越博学，他通常就越谦虚。根据汉语提示“谦虚的”可知，应填入形容词modest或humble，在句中作系动词is的表语，与前面的the more构成“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构。 25．Some experts think reading is the __________________ (基本的) skill. 【答案】fundamental 【详解】句意：一些专家认为阅读是基本的技能。“基本的”修饰名词skill，用形容词fundamental作定语。 26．_________ (理想地) a history would bring together texts and objects... （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】Ideally 【详解】句意：理想情况下，历史应该将文本和实物结合起来……。根据汉语提示“理想地”以及句子结构可知，此处应用副词ideally作状语，修饰整个句子，位于句首，首字母大写。 27．The dog wagged to the right, but with ________ (稍微) less enthusiasm. 【答案】somewhat 【详解】句意：狗向右边摇尾巴，但热情稍微减弱了一些。 “稍微”是副词somewhat，空格处修饰形容词比较级less，需要用副词。 28．Meet the producers and get some excellent ________ (烹饪法) ideas. 【答案】recipe 【详解】句意：去见见这些制作人，获取一些极好的烹饪创意。“烹饪法”是recipe，由ideas可知，空格处修饰名词ideas，作定语用名词单数形式，构成固定搭配recipe ideas表示“烹饪创意；食谱想法”。 29．All arrangements must be made ______ (在……之前) to the celebration. 【答案】prior 【详解】考查形容词。句意：所有安排都必须在庆祝活动举行之前完成。由to可知，“在……之前”用prior，prior to构成固定短语，意为“在……之前”。故填prior。 30．It is important to teach children how to _________ (消耗) food wisely and avoid waste. 【答案】consume 【详解】考查动词。句意：教会孩子如何明智地消耗食物、避免浪费是很重要的。根据汉语提示“消耗”可知，此处为动词consume，how to do为固定用法，空处需填动词原形。故填consume。 题型六、完成句子 31．吉姆感到消沉又无助，他哭了起来。 ________ ________ ________, Jim burst into tears. 【答案】 Depressed and helpless 【详解】考查形容词。表示“感到消沉又无助”应用depressed and helpless，形容词作状语，说明主语的状态，句首单词需大写。故填①Depressed；②and；③helpless。 32．在来中国之前，我对中国烹饪的唯一体验是在美国。 ________ ________ coming to China, my only experience with Chinese cooking was in America. 【答案】 Prior to 【详解】考查固定短语。根据句意，此处表示“在……之前”，为固定短语prior to，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填①Prior；②to。 33．她低下头，眼里噙满了泪。 She lowered her head,  ________ ________ ________ ________ ______ ______. 【答案】 with her eyes filled with tears 【详解】考查with复合结构。根据中英文提示可知，空处是句子的伴随状语部分，需要表达“眼里噙满了泪”，可用with复合结构，宾语“眼睛”为her eyes，“噙满泪”表达为filled with tears，使用了过去分词短语作宾语补足语。故填with；her ；eyes； filled； with； tears。 34．对于青少年来说，责任感指的是在面对挑战时坚持下去的能力和品质。 For teenagers, responsibility ________ ________ the quality and ability to keep going while facing challenges. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 refers to 【详解】考查动词短语及时态。根据汉语提示可知，该空为句子的谓语部分，需要表达“指的是”可使用动词短语refer to，句子描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语是responsibility此处为不可数名词，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填①refers；②to。 35．他把世界纪录缩短了两秒。 He ________ two seconds ________the world record. 【答案】 sliced off 【详解】考查短语运用及时态。“slice ... off”表示“从……上切下、减去……” ，句子讲述过去发生的事，用一般过去时，slice的过去式为sliced。故填sliced；off 。 36．I ________ ________ ________ ________ home ________ it began to rain. 我一到家就下雨了。 【答案】 had no sooner reached than 【详解】考查固定句型和时态。“一……就……”可用no sooner...than...结构。“到家”这个动作发生在“开始下雨”之前，“开始下雨”用一般过去时began，“到家”应用过去完成时，所以表达为“had no sooner reached...than...” 。故填had no sooner reached; than。 37．不可否认，健康与均衡的饮食有关。 There is no denying that ________________. 【答案】health is associated with a balanced diet 【详解】考查固定搭配。“健康”为名词health，作that后这个从句中的主语。“与……有关”为固定短语be associated with，“健康与均衡的饮食有关”描述的是常规情况，且结合主句时态，这里应用一般现在时，be动词与主语搭配，使用第三人称单数形式。“均衡的饮食”中，“饮食”是中心词，为可数名词diet，这里是泛指，前加a。“均衡的”可用形容词balanced作定语，修饰diet。故填health is associated with a balanced diet。 38．所有的安排都应该在他们出发之前完成。 All the arrangements should have been completed ________________. 【答案】prior to their departure 【详解】考查固定短语。表示“在……之前”用短语prior to，其中to为介词 。表示“他们出发”用their departure，作to的宾语。故填prior to their departure。 39．我冷得瑟瑟发抖，空荡荡的肚子咕咕叫。 I was shivering with cold, ________________________________________. 【答案】 with my empty stomach rumbling 【详解】考查with的复合结构。根据句意可知设空处为状语，可以用with的复合结构，“空荡荡的肚子”译为empty stomach，“咕咕叫”用动词rumble，rumble和empty stomach之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式作宾补，故填with my empty stomach rumbling。 40．She found it at last: a simple beautiful watch chain for his gold watch, which _________ _________ _________ _________ to him from his grandfather. 她终于找到了：一条简洁又美丽的表链，和他的金表很配，那只金表是他的祖父传给他的。 【答案】 had been passed down 【详解】考查短语和时态语态。表示“把……一代代传下去”用动词短语pass down，在从句中作谓语，主语which指代先行词watch，和pass down之间为被动关系，且动作发生在“找到”之前，即过去的过去，应用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had；been；passed；down。 题型一、语篇语法填空 （25-26高二下·江苏扬州·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 At six in the morning, the rhythm of Nanjing, capital of Jiangsu province, is already in motion. Along Wangfu Street, people can see steam 1 (rise) into the cool air, which is mixing with the whisper of voices. A modest 40-square-meter shop, out of 2 a queue has formed, enjoys great popularity. Some are local residents who visit the shop 3 (regular), cloth bags in hand after their morning exercise. Others are visitors from a distance, suitcases at their feet, 4 (draw) by word of mouth and social media. They are all waiting for the same thing: a local specialty known as wufan, or “black rice”. For many in this eastern Chinese city, it is more than breakfast — it 5 (mark) the arrival of summer. Lixia falls 6 May 5 this year, the Start of Summer. In Nanjing, the occasion is closely tied to the custom of eating black rice, which is believed 7 (benefit) the body as the weather turns warm. A folk saying goes, “Eat black rice at Lixia, 8 you won’t be troubled by mosquitoes all year.” This tradition, which has stood the test of time, brings 9 (warm) and joy to every summer in Nanjing. The sweet rice, often served with osmanthus syrup (桂花糖浆), has become 10 taste of early summer. 【答案】 1．rising 2．which 3．regularly 4．drawn 5．marks 6．on 7．to benefit 8．and 9．warmth 10．a 【导语】本文主要介绍南京立夏吃乌饭的传统习俗、人们排队购买乌饭的热闹景象以及该民俗的寓意与文化价值。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：在王府街上，人们可以看到热气升腾进入微凉的空气中，空气中夹杂着细碎的人声。空处作宾语，steam与rise为主动关系，且该动作正在进行，需用现在分词rising作宾语补足语。 2．考查定语从句。句意：一间不起眼的四十平方米的小店外排起了长队，这家店人气极高。本句为“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词是shop，指物，介词of后需用关系代词which。 3．考查副词。句意：一些是当地居民，他们晨练后提着布袋定期光顾这家店。此处修饰动词visit，需用副词形式作状语，regular的副词形式为regularly“经常，定期地”。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：另一些是远道而来的游客，脚边放着行李箱，受口碑和社交媒体的吸引前来打卡。句子主语Others（visitors）与draw为被动关系，表示“被吸引”，需用过去分词作伴随状语。 5．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：对于这座中国东部城市的许多人来说，这不仅仅是一顿早餐——它标志着夏天的到来。本句陈述客观事实，用一般现在时；主语it为第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式marks。 6．考查介词。句意：今年立夏在5月5日。表示在具体的某一天，需用介词on。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：在南京，这个时节与吃乌饭的习俗紧密相关，人们认为天气转暖时吃乌饭对身体有益。固定搭配be believed to do sth. “被认为做某事”，因此空处不定式，作主语补足语。 8．考查连词。句意：民间有谚语：“立夏吃乌饭，全年无蚊扰。”本句为固定句型：祈使句+and/or+陈述句，表示顺承关系，用and。 9．考查名词。句意：这项久经时间考验的传统，为南京的每一个夏天带来温暖与欢乐。动词bring后接名词作宾语，warm的名词形式为warmth，且为不可数名词。 10．考查冠词。句意：这款常搭配桂花糖浆食用的香甜米饭，已然成为初夏的一种味道。此处泛指“一种味道”，taste是以辅音音素开头的可数名词单数，用不定冠词a。 （25-26高二下·广东云浮·期末）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入恰当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 In recent years, Guizhou matcha has become a hot product on social media platforms. Tourists queue (排队) for a popular cheese and matcha milk tea, hold up cups for photos at scenic 1 (spot), and fill social feeds with check-in posts. China is one of the largest producers of matcha. According to China Tea Marketing Association, the national output surpasses 12,000 metric tons in 2025, 2 was roughly 70 percent of global production, with Tongren at the center. 3 (take) advantage of misty highlands ideal 4 tea planting, the region shifted from traditional tea planting to matcha production around 2018. While the current enthusiasm for matcha may seem like 5 fairly recent trend, people added tea powder (粉末) into hot water and treated the drink as an elegant art as early as the Song Dynasty. The method 6 (introduce) to Japan during the Song Dynasty, where it later became central to the Japanese tea ceremony. Modern 7 (consume) has sped up the preparation process. For Guizhou matcha, for example, it is generally recommended to use water below and just enough to cover the powder. The mixture is 8 (subsequently) beaten into a paste (糨糊) that can be stirred into any food or drink. Studies show L-theanine in matcha can reduce perceived stress and may help lower cortisol, a stress hormone (激素) 9 (tie) to weight gain. As matcha demand rises globally, local producers are building traceability and testing systems 10 (meet) strict export rules, allowing a cup bought on the street to be traced back to a specific harvest and processing step. 【答案】 1．spots 2．which 3．Taking 4．for 5．a 6．was introduced 7．consumption 8．subsequently 9．tied 10．to meet 【导语】文章主要介绍了贵州抹茶借助社交媒体走红，追溯其宋代起源，并阐述现代生产工艺及全球市场发展前景。 1．考查名词复数。​句意：游客排队购买热门的芝士抹茶奶茶，举起杯子在景点拍照，并在社交动态上刷屏打卡帖。根据空前“scenic”可知，此处泛指景点，需用名词spot的复数形式spots，scenic spots为固定搭配，意为“风景区，景点”。 2．考查定语从句。​句意：根据中国茶叶流通协会数据，2025年全国抹茶产量突破12000公吨，约占全球产量的70%，其中铜仁是核心产区。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词12,000 metric tons，且在从句中作主语，故填关系代词which。 3．考查现在分词。​句意：该地区利用适宜种茶的雾霭高原优势，于2018年左右从传统茶叶种植转向抹茶生产。句子谓语动词为shifted，空格处填入非谓语动词，take advantage of“利用”与其逻辑主语the region之间为主动关系，故用现在分词Taking作状语，置于句首首字母大写。 4．考查介词。​句意同上。根据固定搭配be ideal for“非常适合……”可知，空处填介词for。 5．考查冠词。​句意：尽管当前对抹茶的热情看似是近期才兴起的趋势，但早在宋代，人们就将茶粉加入热水，并将这种饮品视为一种高雅的艺术。空后“fairly recent trend”为可数名词单数，且表泛指，fairly以辅音音素开头，故填不定冠词a。 6．考查动词时态和语态。​句意：这种方法在宋代传入日本，后来成为日本茶道的核心。主语The method与introduce“介绍，引入”之间为被动关系，且时间状语为“during the Song Dynasty”，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语The method为单数，故填入was introduced。 7．考查名词。​句意：现代消费加快了制备过程。根据空前“Modern”为形容词可知，空处需填名词作主语，consume的名词形式为consumption，意为“消费”，为不可数名词。 8．考查副词。​句意：随后将混合物搅打成糊状，可搅拌到任何食物或饮料中。空处修饰动词beaten，需用副词作状语，subsequent的副词形式为subsequently，意为“随后，接着”。 9．考查过去分词。​句意：研究表明，抹茶中的L-茶氨酸可减少感知压力，并可能有助于降低皮质醇——一种与体重增加相关的压力激素。动词show之后的宾语从句的谓语动词为can reduce和may help，空格处填入非谓语动词，tie“使相联系”与其逻辑主语a stress hormone之间为被动关系，故用过去分词tied作后置定语。 10．考查动词不定式。​句意：随着全球抹茶需求上升，当地生产商正在建立可追溯和检测系统，以满足严格的出口规则，使得街头购买的一杯茶可追溯至特定的采收和加工环节。根据语境，建立系统的目的是满足出口规则，应用不定式to meet作目的状语。 题型二、应用文写作 （25-26高二上·广东·阶段检测）假定你是李华，校英文报“Teenage Life”专栏本期的主题为“Food and Health”。请你用英语写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： 1. 饮食对健康的重要性； 2. 你的饮食建议。 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Food and Health ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Possible Version:   Food and Health As the proverb goes, “You are what you eat.” In our fast-paced teenage life, a balanced diet is essential, serving as the cornerstone of our physical and mental well-being. Since food fuels our bodies for daily activities and impacts our cognitive functions, cultivating sensible dietary habits plays a pivotal role in optimizing our health. Accordingly, emphasis should be placed on a diversified intake of nutrients. Furthermore, we should cut down on highly processed snacks and sugary drinks, which are often packed with hidden calories. What should not be overlooked is a regular eating routine. For instance, a nutritious breakfast provides sustained energy. In conclusion, by making these sensible choices, we can pave the way for a more energetic future. 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生以李华的身份，给校英文报专栏围绕主题“Food and Health”写一篇短文投稿，介绍饮食对健康的重要性并给出相关饮食建议。 1. 词汇积累 必不可少的：essential→indispensable 身心健康：physical and mental well-being→physical and psychological health 合理的：sensible→rational 忽视：overlook→neglect 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：In conclusion, by making these sensible choices, we can pave the way for a more energetic future. 拓展句：To sum up, as long as we make these sensible choices, we can pave the way for a more energetic future. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Since food fuels our bodies for daily activities and impacts our cognitive functions, cultivating sensible dietary habits plays a pivotal role in optimizing our health.(运用了since引导的原因状语从句和动名词短语作主语)   【高分句型2】Furthermore, we should cut down on highly processed snacks and sugary drinks, which are often packed with hidden calories.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 Food and Culture重难词汇精练 01 词汇基础练 1 一、词性转换 1 二、核心短语 1 三、重点单词 2 四、单句语法填空 2 五、单词拼写 6 六、完成句子 7 02 词汇语境练 9 一、语法填空 9 二、应用文写作 11 题型一、词性转换 1. consist vi. 组成→_______________ adj. 一致的; 连续的 2. consume vt. 消费; 消耗→_______________ n. 消费者→ _______________ n. 消耗 3. elegant adj. 优雅的 →_______________ n. 优雅 4. prior adj. 先前的; 优先的 →_______________ n. 优先权 5. stable adj. 稳定的; 稳重的 →_______________ n. 稳定性 6. except prep. 除了 →_______________ adj. 特别的; 罕见的 7. minimum adj最小的; 最低(限度)的 n. 最小值 →_______________ v. 最小化 8. associate v. 联系; 联想→_______________ n. 关联; 协会 9. moderate adj. 适度的; 合理的→_______________ n. 适度; 合理 题型二、核心短语 1. _______________　　　　 在……之前的  2. _______________ 由……组成(或构成)  3. _______________ 切下 4. _______________ 不管; 不顾  5. _______________ 把……联系起来 6. _______________ 查阅; 涉及; 指的是  7. _______________ 向某人推荐某物  8. _______________ 用……把某物填满  9. _______________ 组成; 编造; 化妆; 弥补  10. _______________ 大量  题型三、重点单词 1．cuisine n． 2．prior adj. 3．recipe n． 4．chef n． 5． vt.填满；把……塞进 n．东西；物品 6． adj.精美的；讲究的；文雅的 7． adj.最低(限度)的；最小的 n．最小值；最少量 8． n．甘蓝；卷心菜；洋白菜 9． n．(饭后)甜点 10． n．食堂；餐厅 11． n．自助餐厅；自助食堂 12．pork n． 13．somewhat adv. 14．madam n． 15．calorie n． 16．category n． 17．fibre (especially US fiber) n． 18．quantity n． 19． adj.完美的；理想的；想象的 n．理想；完美的人(或事物) 20． adj.根本的；基础的；基本的 n．基本规律；根本法则 题型四、单句语法填空 1．People with more (consist) stories tend to have a stronger sense of identity, and they feel their life has more meaning, direction and sense of purpose. 2．The soldier who rescued the drowning child was praised for his (exception) bravery. 3． (priority) to the parade, the organizers checked all the floats carefully. 4．Part of a pilot project by the Jinan Public Transport Group, the autonomous bus (undergo) tests on a 6.4-kilometer route by the middle of 2025. 5．She found that she (leave) her laptop in the café after she got back to the office. 6．A few months after he (arrive) in China, Mr. Smith fell in love with the people and culture there. 7．Even if you’re taking a fishing trip, you’re burning more (calorie) than you’ll burn sitting indoors. 8．The researchers reported that long-term (expose) to air pollution can affect a person’s mental abilities. 9．It’s not right to play (trick) on your teacher in public. 10．Learning that you have large (quantity) of experience in playing basketball, I’m writing to sincerely invite you to join our basketball club. 11． (surprise) and happy, he stood up and accepted the prize. 12．This exhibition was organised by the local government in (associate) with several paper-cutting artists. 13．As a result of destroying the forests, a large quantity of desert (cover) the land in the last few years. 14．They cut it themselves into very thin (slice) with a long flat knife. 15．One of the (bold) things I ever saw Dan do was free solo rock climbing. 16．I put it in my mouth slowly, still looking down, (chew) while I thought. 17．What I always emphasize, though, is that the key is (moderate). 18．This decision represents the (fundament) interests of the people. 19．Many of the state’s beaches fail to meet (minimize) standards of cleanliness. 20．Get all the (ingredient) together before you start cooking. 题型五、单词拼写 21．She felt her home wasn’t __________ (讲究的，高雅的) enough. 22．When we are getting along with others, sincerity is the secret __________ (秘诀) for winning true friendship. 23．I think healthy hobbies are beneficial to our _________ (全面的) development. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 24．The more learned a man is, the more ________ (谦虚的) he usually is. 25．Some experts think reading is the __________________ (基本的) skill. 26．_________ (理想地) a history would bring together texts and objects... （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 27．The dog wagged to the right, but with ________ (稍微) less enthusiasm. 28．Meet the producers and get some excellent ________ (烹饪法) ideas. 29．All arrangements must be made ______ (在……之前) to the celebration. 30．It is important to teach children how to _________ (消耗) food wisely and avoid waste. 题型六、完成句子 31．吉姆感到消沉又无助，他哭了起来。 ________ ________ ________, Jim burst into tears. 32．在来中国之前，我对中国烹饪的唯一体验是在美国。 ________ ________ coming to China, my only experience with Chinese cooking was in America. 33．她低下头，眼里噙满了泪。 She lowered her head,  ________ ________ ________ ________ ______ ______. 34．对于青少年来说，责任感指的是在面对挑战时坚持下去的能力和品质。 For teenagers, responsibility ________ ________ the quality and ability to keep going while facing challenges. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 35．他把世界纪录缩短了两秒。 He ________ two seconds ________the world record. 36．I ________ ________ ________ ________ home ________ it began to rain. 我一到家就下雨了。 37．不可否认，健康与均衡的饮食有关。 There is no denying that ________________. 38．所有的安排都应该在他们出发之前完成。 All the arrangements should have been completed ________________. 39．我冷得瑟瑟发抖，空荡荡的肚子咕咕叫。 I was shivering with cold, ________________________________________. 40．She found it at last: a simple beautiful watch chain for his gold watch, which _________ _________ _________ _________ to him from his grandfather. 她终于找到了：一条简洁又美丽的表链，和他的金表很配，那只金表是他的祖父传给他的。 题型一、语篇语法填空 （25-26高二下·江苏扬州·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 At six in the morning, the rhythm of Nanjing, capital of Jiangsu province, is already in motion. Along Wangfu Street, people can see steam 1 (rise) into the cool air, which is mixing with the whisper of voices. A modest 40-square-meter shop, out of 2 a queue has formed, enjoys great popularity. Some are local residents who visit the shop 3 (regular), cloth bags in hand after their morning exercise. Others are visitors from a distance, suitcases at their feet, 4 (draw) by word of mouth and social media. They are all waiting for the same thing: a local specialty known as wufan, or “black rice”. For many in this eastern Chinese city, it is more than breakfast — it 5 (mark) the arrival of summer. Lixia falls 6 May 5 this year, the Start of Summer. In Nanjing, the occasion is closely tied to the custom of eating black rice, which is believed 7 (benefit) the body as the weather turns warm. A folk saying goes, “Eat black rice at Lixia, 8 you won’t be troubled by mosquitoes all year.” This tradition, which has stood the test of time, brings 9 (warm) and joy to every summer in Nanjing. The sweet rice, often served with osmanthus syrup (桂花糖浆), has become 10 taste of early summer. （25-26高二下·广东云浮·期末）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入恰当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 In recent years, Guizhou matcha has become a hot product on social media platforms. Tourists queue (排队) for a popular cheese and matcha milk tea, hold up cups for photos at scenic 1 (spot), and fill social feeds with check-in posts. China is one of the largest producers of matcha. According to China Tea Marketing Association, the national output surpasses 12,000 metric tons in 2025, 2 was roughly 70 percent of global production, with Tongren at the center. 3 (take) advantage of misty highlands ideal 4 tea planting, the region shifted from traditional tea planting to matcha production around 2018. While the current enthusiasm for matcha may seem like 5 fairly recent trend, people added tea powder (粉末) into hot water and treated the drink as an elegant art as early as the Song Dynasty. The method 6 (introduce) to Japan during the Song Dynasty, where it later became central to the Japanese tea ceremony. Modern 7 (consume) has sped up the preparation process. For Guizhou matcha, for example, it is generally recommended to use water below and just enough to cover the powder. The mixture is 8 (subsequently) beaten into a paste (糨糊) that can be stirred into any food or drink. Studies show L-theanine in matcha can reduce perceived stress and may help lower cortisol, a stress hormone (激素) 9 (tie) to weight gain. As matcha demand rises globally, local producers are building traceability and testing systems 10 (meet) strict export rules, allowing a cup bought on the street to be traced back to a specific harvest and processing step. 题型二、应用文写作 （25-26高二上·广东·阶段检测）假定你是李华，校英文报“Teenage Life”专栏本期的主题为“Food and Health”。请你用英语写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： 1. 饮食对健康的重要性； 2. 你的饮食建议。 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Food and Health ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $