Unit 2 Inspiring People 单元话题（励志人物）阅读理解进阶练12篇-2026-2027学年九年级英语上册重难点讲练全攻略（人教版）

**基本信息** 以“励志人物”为主题，分基础、进阶、综合三层次设计12篇阅读理解，通过梯度训练提升语言理解与表达能力，渗透文化意识与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |基础入门|4篇（如白求恩、钱学森事迹）|事实信息提取、简单词义猜测|从具体人物事迹到基本品质认知，培养细节理解能力| |进阶拓展|4篇（如数学家邓宇、核科学家黄旭华）|复杂词义推断、因果关系分析|从专业成就到精神内涵，提升推理与分析思维| |能力综合|4篇（如孔子教育思想、珍·古道尔环保实践）|主旨归纳、跨文本比较|从个体精神到文化价值，发展批判性思维与文化鉴赏力|

学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 2 Inspiring People 单元话题（励志人物）阅读理解进阶练12篇 说明：此专题分三个难度层次，基础入门训练<进阶拓展训练< 能力综合实践，老师根据学生实际情况进行针对性难度训练。 基础入门训练4篇 阅读下面短文，根据内容选择正确答案。 My Hero—Dr. Bethune Dr. Norman Bethune was a Canadian doctor who is remembered as a hero in China. He came to China in 1938 to help the Chinese people during the war. He worked as a doctor in the battlefields and saved many wounded soldiers. Bethune was a very dedicated doctor. He often worked for long hours without rest. He once operated on 115 soldiers in 69 hours! He never thought about his own safety and always put his patients first. What made Bethune truly inspiring was his selflessness. He was not Chinese, but he chose to help the Chinese people in their time of need. He gave up his comfortable life in Canada to work in very difficult conditions. He even taught Chinese doctors new medical skills so that they could save more lives. Unfortunately, Bethune died in 1939 because of an infection he got while operating on a wounded soldier. He was only 49 years old. But his spirit lives on. Today, many Chinese people still remember him and admire him for his great contribution. Bethune’s story teaches us that true heroes are those who put others before themselves. He is an inspiring example for all of us. 1．When did Dr. Bethune come to China? A．In 1936. B．In 1938. C．In 1939. D．In 1940. 2．How many soldiers did Bethune operate on in 69 hours? A．49. B．69. C．115. D．200. 3．What does the underlined word “selflessness” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．勇敢 B．无私 C．善良 D．勤奋 4．Why did Bethune teach Chinese doctors new skills? A．To make money. B．To become famous. C．To save more lives. D．To travel around China. 5．What can we learn from Bethune’s story? A．Heroes are always famous people. B．True heroes put others before themselves. C．Only doctors can be heroes. D．It is easy to be a hero. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文介绍白求恩大夫的生平事迹，讲述他远赴中国支援抗战、无私救助伤员、传授医疗技术的故事，赞扬他舍己为人的英雄精神。 1．第一段提到“He came to China in 1938 to help the Chinese people during the war.”，说明白求恩1938年来到中国。 2．第二段提到“He once operated on 115 soldiers in 69 hours!”，说明他在69小时内为115名士兵做手术。 3．第三段讲述他并非中国人，却主动帮助危难中的中国人民，放弃加拿大舒适生活，由此推断selflessness意为“无私”。 4．第三段提到“He even taught Chinese doctors new medical skills so that they could save more lives.”，说明他传授医术是为了拯救更多生命。 5．最后一段提到“Bethune’s story teaches us that true heroes are those who put others before themselves.”，点明我们能学到真正的英雄会先人后己。 Drawings of Your Hero Share with us the hero in your heart. Join in the competition and draw him/her. Prizes worth ¥1,888 are waiting for 10 winners!☆Who to draw A creative artist or a skillful dancer? A clever scientist or an amazing writer? Even your parents, teachers or friends? Heroes can be different but one thing is similar—they give you hope or confidence to make you better.☆What to prepare Download the template (模板) by visiting http://taijiangjy.com.au. Then print it out and draw a picture of your hero. Next, tell us who your hero is and your story in words or a video.☆__▲__ The competition is open to 1st to 3rd graders. You can ask your parent to take a photo of your drawing and email it to us at competition@taijiangjy.com.au. Please send in only ONE picture before 22 July and leave your telephone number. We will get in touch with you by phone if you win.☆What to win Each winner will receive a fantastic prize worth ¥1,888, including：✓ a HUAWEI MatePad SE ✓ a set of cartoon books ✓ a fine basketball We can’t wait to see your drawings! 1．What do heroes have in common according to the poster? A．They are creative. B．They are clever. C．They are beautiful. D．They are encouraging. 2．What should you do first if you want to join in the competition? A．Download the template. B．Print out the picture. C．Draw a picture in your paper. D．Tell your story in a video. 3．Which of the following can be put in “__▲__”? A．What to take B．How to join in C．How to draw D．Why to join in 4．How will the organizer get in touch with the winners? A．By email. B．Through the website. C．By phone. D．By letter. 5．Who might be most interested in the poster? A．A cartoon artist. B．A computer scientist. C．A boy in Grade 3. D．A first‑grade teacher. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了“画出你心中的英雄”绘画比赛的参赛对象、准备事项、参赛方式及奖项等内容。 1．根据“Who to draw”部分中的“Heroes can be different but one thing is similar—they give you hope or confidence to make you better.”可知，英雄的共同点是给你希望或信心，让你变得更好，即他们是鼓舞人心的。 2．根据“What to prepare”部分中的“Download the template (模板) by visiting http://taijiangjy.com.au.”可知，参加比赛的第一步是访问网站下载模板。 3．根据该标题下的内容“The competition is open to 1st to 3rd graders. You can ask your parent to take a photo of your drawing and email it to us at competition@taijiangjy.com.au.…”可知，这一段主要介绍了参赛对象、提交作品的方式及截止日期等，即如何参加比赛，因此，“How to join in”可作为本段的小标题。 4．根据“__▲__”部分中的“We will get in touch with you by phone if you win.”可知，组织者将通过电话与获胜者联系。 5．根据“__▲__”部分中的“The competition is open to 1st to 3rd graders.”可知，比赛面向一至三年级的学生。因此，三年级的男孩最可能对海报感兴趣。 Qian Xuesen: The Father of Chinese Space Program Qian Xuesen was born in 1911 in Hangzhou. He went to the United States to study aerospace engineering in 1935. There, he became a famous expert and made important discoveries. However, he never forgot his motherland. In 1955, after years of difficulty, he finally returned to China. Back in China, Qian devoted himself to building the country’s space industry. He led the research on China's first satellite and guided young scientists. His work laid the foundation for China’s space program. He always told his students, “It is not enough to study for yourself. You must study for your country.” Qian passed away in 2009, but his spirit lives on. He is remembered not only for his scientific achievements, but also for his deep love for China. 1．When did Qian Xuesen go to the United States? A．In 1911. B．In 1935. C．In 1955. D．In 2009. 2．Why did Qian Xuesen return to China? A．Because he missed his family. B．Because he had no job in the US. C．Because he wanted to serve his motherland. D．Because he finished his study. 3．The underlined word “foundation” in Paragraph 2 most probably means ________. A．地基 B．基础 C．基金 D．发现 4．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Qian Xuesen studied biology in the US. B．Qian Xuesen returned to China in 1935. C．Qian Xuesen led the research on China’s first satellite. D．Qian Xuesen told his students to study for themselves. 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．The History of Chinese Space Program B．How to Become a Scientist C．Qian Xuesen: A Great Scientist and Patriot D．Studying in the United States 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．C 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了“中国航天之父”钱学森的生平经历、科研贡献以及他对祖国深沉的热爱。 1．根据文章第一段“He went to the United States to study aerospace engineering in 1935.” 可知钱学森于1935年前往美国。 2．根据文章第一段“However, he never forgot his motherland.”以及第二段他对学生说的话“You must study for your country.”可知，他回国是因为心系祖国，想要报效国家。 3．根据画线词所在句“His work laid the foundation for China’s space program.”可知，他的工作为中国太空计划奠定了“基础”。B项“基础”符合语境。 4．A项文中提到他study aerospace engineering（航天工程），而非biology；B项文中提到他1955年回国，而非1935 年；D项文中他说“It is not enough to study for yourself”，即不能只为自己学习。C项与第二段“He led the research on China’s first satellite”表述一致。 5．通读全文可知，文章不仅介绍了钱学森的科学成就（如太空计划之父），还强调了他的爱国精神（如回国报效、教导学生为国学习）。C项“Qian Xuesen: A Great Scientist and Patriot”最能概括全文主旨。 On the evening of October 31, 2025, China successfully launched the Shenzhou-21 manned spaceship from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center at 23:44 Beijing time. The spaceship carried three astronauts: Zhang Lu, Wu Fei, and Zhang Hongzhang, who represent three types of Chinese active astronauts—space pilot, flight engineer, and payload specialist. After entering orbit, the spaceship completed docking with the Tiangong Space Station in about 3.5 hours, setting a new record for the fastest rendezvous and docking of a Shenzhou spaceship. Among the three astronauts, Zhang Hongzhang is a payload specialist with a doctoral degree and a researcher at the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Born in Zouping, Shandong in 1986, he has been passionate about science since childhood. Though he studied chemistry and chemical engineering in university instead of his dream major—life science—he still pursued his scientific ideals. He once optimized the structure and performance of a key imported material with high cost, contributing to national scientific research. As a payload specialist on Shenzhou-21, he is responsible for conducting scientific experiments in space, including a life science project with four mice. He believes that “achievements in space benefit people on Earth,” showing his dedication to serving the country through scientific research. During the six-month mission, the Shenzhou-21 crew will carry out spacewalks, install space debris protection equipment, and conduct various scientific experiments. This mission marks the steady progress of China’s space station application and development phase, demonstrating the country’s growing strength in space exploration . 1．What can we learn about Shenzhou-21 from the first paragraph? A．It was loaded with 5 types of astronauts. B．It set a new record for the fastest rendezvous and docking of Shenzhou spaceships. C．It completed docking with the Tiangong Space Station after 2 hours. D．It was launched from the Tiangong Space Station. 2．What is Zhang Hongzhang’s professional background? A．He is a space pilot with military training. B．He is a flight engineer from an air force background. C．He is a payload specialist with a doctoral degree. D．He is a teacher at a university in Shandong. 3．What will the Shenzhou-21 crew NOT do during their mission? A．Conduct spacewalks and install equipment. B．Carry out 86 scientific experiments in total. C．Stay in space for about six months. D．Conduct a life science experiment with mice. 4．We can learn from the passage that ________. A．Zhang Hongzhang gave up his scientific dream after changing his major B．Shenzhou-21 completed docking with the space station in the shortest time C．the three astronauts have the same type of professional skills D．China will stop space exploration after this mission 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The detailed process of Shenzhou-21’s docking with the space station. B．Zhang Hongzhang’s childhood and his love for life science. C．The launch of Shenzhou-21 and the deeds of astronaut Zhang Hongzhang. D．The importance of space debris protection for the space station. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文介绍神舟二十一号成功发射、航天员构成及任务，重点介绍载荷专家张洪章的相关情况与此次航天任务内容。 1．第一段介绍：“After entering orbit, the spaceship completed docking with the Tiangong Space Station in about 3.5 hours, setting a new record for the fastest rendezvous and docking of a Shenzhou spaceship.”，说明神舟二十一号创造了最快交会对接纪录。 2．第二段介绍：“Among the three astronauts, Zhang Hongzhang is a payload specialist with a doctoral degree and a researcher at the Chinese Academy of Sciences.”，明确了张洪章是拥有博士学位的载荷专家。 3．第三段描述：“During the six-month mission, the Shenzhou-21 crew will carry out spacewalks, install space debris protection equipment, and conduct various scientific experiments.”，文中只提到进行各类科学实验，并未说明总数是86项。 4．第一段推断：“After entering orbit, the spaceship completed docking with the Tiangong Space Station in about 3.5 hours, setting a new record for the fastest rendezvous and docking of a Shenzhou spaceship.”，由此可知神舟二十一号实现了最短时间对接。 5．文章先后介绍了神舟二十一号的发射情况、航天员张洪章的个人事迹以及本次任务的主要内容，选项C完整概括了全文内容。 进阶拓展训练4篇 Chinese Mathematicians Make History with Fields Medal On July 23, 2026, a historic moment arrived for Chinese mathematics. At the opening ceremony of the International Congress of Mathematicians in Philadelphia, two Chinese mathematicians — Deng Yu and Wang Hong — were awarded the Fields Medal. This is the first time that Chinese mathematicians have received this honor, which is often called the “Nobel Prize of mathematics”. Deng Yu, from Shenzhen, Guangdong, and Wang Hong, from Guilin, Guangxi, both completed their primary and secondary education in China before entering Peking University in 2007. Their achievements have brought great pride to the country. Wang Hong and her collaborators solved the three-dimensional Kakeya conjecture, a problem that had puzzled mathematicians for over a hundred years. She also made major breakthroughs in the two-dimensional Falconer distance problem. Deng Yu and his collaborators completed a strict derivation from the hard-sphere particle system to the Boltzmann equation, making key progress on Hilbert’s sixth problem. Academician Tian Gang from Peking University said that Deng and Wang’s breakthroughs show the spirit of “daring to enter uncharted territory and daring to challenge recognized major problems”. This is the courage to face difficulties and the perseverance to keep going. When asked about her feelings, Wang Hong said, “This means a lot to me and my collaborators”. She recalled that in high school, she read about Terence Tao winning the Fields Medal in a math magazine and was very excited. “Today, I am just as excited,” she said. 1．When were Deng Yu and Wang Hong awarded the Fields Medal? A．On July 23, 2025. B．On July 23, 2026. C．On July 28, 2026. D．On July 30, 2026. 2．What did Wang Hong and her collaborators achieve? A．They solved the two-dimensional Falconer distance problem. B．They solved the three-dimensional Kakeya conjecture. C．They proved the Riemann Hypothesis. D．They won the Nobel Prize in Physics. 3．Where did Deng Yu and Wang Hong complete their university education? A．At Tsinghua University. B．At Peking University. C．At Fudan University. D．At Zhejiang University. 4．What did Wang Hong say she felt when she received the award? A．She felt surprised. B．She felt just as excited as when she read about it in high school. C．She felt disappointed. D．She felt it was not important. 5．What is the main idea of this passage? A．Chinese mathematicians made history by winning the Fields Medal. B．The Fields Medal is the most important award in physics. C．Deng Yu and Wang Hong studied abroad. D．Mathematics is the most difficult subject. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．B 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文报道邓煜与王虹两位数学家斩获菲尔兹奖，创造中国数学界历史，介绍二人求学经历、学术成果以及获奖感言。 1．根据第一段“On July 23, 2026, a historic moment arrived for Chinese mathematics...two Chinese mathematicians — Deng Yu and Wang Hong — were awarded the Fields Medal.”可知，获奖时间为2026年7月23日。 2．根据第三段“Wang Hong and her collaborators solved the three-dimensional Kakeya conjecture, a problem that had puzzled mathematicians for over a hundred years.”可知，王虹团队解决了三维卡克亚猜想。 3．根据第二段“…before entering Peking University in 2007.”可知，二人在北京大学接受大学教育。 4．根据第五段“she read about Terence Tao winning the Fields Medal in a math magazine and was very excited. ‘Today, I am just as excited,’ she said.”可知，她的激动心情和高中读到相关报道时一样。 5．文章标题以及首段点明核心：中国数学家获得菲尔兹奖，创造历史，后文围绕该主线展开，对应此项主旨。 Katherine Johnson — Hidden Math Hero Katherine Johnson was a brilliant African-American mathematician from the US. In the 1960s, NASA faced a hard task: sending humans into space safely. Back then, computers were not fully reliable, so they needed top human mathematicians to check all flight data. At that time, unfair rules separated women and black workers from white male teams. Katherine was given low-paying jobs at first and was not allowed to take part in core space planning. But her excellent calculating skills quickly drew leaders’ attention. In 1962, the famous Mercury-Atlas 6 flight carried astronaut John Glenn into orbit. Before takeoff, Glenn refused to board unless Katherine double-checked all flight numbers. She finished the complex math work in a short time and proved the flight path was safe. The mission succeeded perfectly. Later, she joined the moon landing project. For years, she solved hard space math problems without high-tech machines. Her exact calculations helped Apollo 11 land on the moon in 1969. Katherine’s story shows that talent never has limits from race or gender. It was brave of her to fight for equal chances and stick to her love for math. Her spirit still inspires girls who love science today. 1．Which organization did Katherine Johnson work for? A．WHO B．NASA C．UNICEF D．WWF 2．Why did John Glenn wait for Katherine’s check before flying? A．He didn’t trust machine calculations. B．He wanted to chat with her first. C．The rules forced him to do so. D．He needed her to design the spaceship. 3．Which flight did Katherine help complete in 1962? A．Apollo 11 moon flight. B．Mercury-Atlas 6 flight. C．Mars exploration flight. D．Space station flight. 4．What did Katherine do for the Apollo 11 mission? A．Built new space computers. B．Calculated accurate flight data. C．Trained new astronauts. D．Wrote space science textbooks. 5．What is the main idea of this text? A．Old computers were useless for space tasks. B．Katherine broke barriers and made key space math contributions. C．Women could not work for space projects long ago. D．Moon landing only depended on modern machines. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．B 【导语】本文介绍非裔美国数学家凯瑟琳・约翰逊。在存在种族和性别歧视的年代，她为NASA完成关键航天数据计算，助力载人航天飞行与阿波罗11号登月，她冲破偏见，用自身成就证明天赋无关种族与性别，激励着后人。 1．根据第一段“Katherine Johnson was a brilliant African-American mathematician from the US. In the 1960s, NASA faced a hard task”可知，她就职于NASA（美国国家航空航天局）。 2．根据第一段“Back then, computers were not fully reliable, so they needed top human mathematicians to check all flight data.”和第三段“Glenn refused to board unless Katherine double-checked all flight numbers.”可知，当时电脑不够可靠，他不信任机器算出的数据，一定要凯瑟琳复核数据。 3．根据第三段“In 1962, the famous Mercury-Atlas 6 flight carried astronaut John Glenn into orbit.”可知，1962年水星-大力神6号飞行任务将宇航员约翰・格伦送入太空轨道。 4．根据第四段“Her exact calculations helped Apollo 11 land on the moon in 1969.”可知，她依靠精准的数据计算助力阿波罗11号登月。 5．通读全文以及最后一段“Katherine’s story shows that talent never has limits from race or gender.”可知，文章讲述凯瑟琳冲破种族、性别歧视，凭借数学能力为航天事业做出重大贡献。 Huang Xuhua, known as the “Father of China’s Nuclear Submarine (核潜艇),” was one of China’s most important scientists. Born in 1926 in Guangdong Province, he studied hard and became an excellent engineer. In 1958, when China decided to build its first nuclear submarine, the country chose Huang to lead the project. At that time, China had very little knowledge of nuclear submarines. There were no foreign experts (专家) to help, and the country was short of special materials and machines. Huang and his team worked day and night to solve these problems. They did thousands of experiments and made many models before succeeding. For national safety, the project was top secret. Huang didn’t tell anyone, even his family, about his work. He once disappeared for 30 years without visiting home. His wife and children only knew he was doing important work for the country but didn’t know the details (详情). Finally, in 1970, they succeeded in building China’s first nuclear submarine. This was a great moment in China’s history. Huang’s work helped make China stronger and safer. Although he did such important work, Huang always remained modest (谦逊的). He never talked about his achievements and lived a simple life. In his later years, Huang received many honors (荣誉), but he always said, “I just did what every Chinese should do for our motherland.” 1．When did China decide to build its first nuclear submarine? A．In 1958. B．In 1970. C．In 1971. D．In 1988. 2．What does the underlined word “secret” mean in Paragraph 2? A．Something that people like to enjoy. B．Something that people want to experience. C．Something that people need to finish. D．Something that only a few people know. 3．What’s the main idea of Paragraph 2? A．It was really hard to build the first nuclear submarine. B．How Huang designed the first nuclear submarine. C．The importance of the first nuclear submarine. D．The support from Huang’s family. 4．What can we infer (推断) from the text? A．Huang learned a lot about nuclear submarines in foreign countries. B．The foreign experts were not friendly at that time. C．Huang was hard-working and loved our country very much. D．Huang succeeded in building China’s first nuclear submarine in his 70s. 5．What’s the best title for the text? A．China’s First Nuclear Submarine B．A Great Scientist: Huang Xuhua C．The Great Development of China D．The Long History of China 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．A 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了“中国核潜艇之父”黄旭华的生平事迹，包括他领导中国第一艘核潜艇的研制过程、面对困难时的坚持、为国家保密30年不回家的奉献精神，以及他谦逊的品质。 1．由第一段最后一句“In 1958, when China decided to build its first nuclear submarine”可知，中国于1958年决定建造第一艘核潜艇。 2．由第二段“For national safety, the project was top secret. Huang didn‘t tell anyone, even his family, about his work.”可知，这个项目是高度保密的，连家人都不知道，因此“secret”意为“只有少数人知道的事情”，对应D项。 3．第二段描述了当时中国对核潜艇知之甚少、没有外国专家帮助、缺乏材料和机器等困难，以及黄旭华和团队日夜工作、进行大量实验的过程，说明“建造第一艘核潜艇非常困难”。 4．由第二段“Huang and his team worked day and night”和最后一段“Huang always remained modest... lived a simple life”可知，他努力工作且热爱祖国。 5．全文围绕黄旭华的生平事迹展开，介绍了他领导核潜艇研制的贡献、保密30年的奉献精神和谦逊品质，B项“A Great Scientist: Huang Xuhua”准确概括了文章内容。 James Watson, a world‑famous scientist known as the “Father of DNA”, passed away on November 6, 2025, at the age of 97. Born in 1928, Watson made his most famous discovery in 1953. Together with Francis Crick, he found out the double‑helix structure of DNA．This discovery was a huge step in understanding genes (基因). People had known about DNA since 1869, but for a long time, nobody knew its shape. To find out, Watson worked with Francis Crick in the UK. They studied X-ray pictures of DNA taken by another scientist, Rosalind Franklin. This led them to find out that DNA has two strands (链). These strands twist (缠绕) around each other into a double helix. Watson and Crick won the Nobel Prize in 1962. Watson’s work opened up new ways of understanding how genes are passed on from parents to children and how they affect our health and what they are like. ▲ After the discovery, he continued his research and made more remarkable discoveries in the field. He also wrote many books to share his knowledge with the public. His discovery changed the way we think about life and started modern studies of genes. Scientists today still build on his work to study new diseases and find better ways to help people. That is why he will always be remembered. His story shows us the power of being curious and hard‑working in scientific discoveries. 1．How did Watson and Crick find out the structure of DNA? A．By doing experiments on genes. B．By studying X‑ray pictures of DNA． C．By reading books about genetics. D．By talking to other scientists. 2．What might DNA look like according to the passage? A． B． C． D． 3．Which of the following can be put in “ ▲ ” in Paragraph 4? A．This discovery was widely accepted. B．Then they stopped their research. C．This helped scientists study many diseases. D．Nobody cared about his discovery. 4．What does the underlined word “remarkable” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．necessary B．strange C．important D．simple 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．The “Father of DNA” B．How to Win a Nobel Prize C．How DNA Was Discovered D．Watson’s Controversial Views 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇人物记叙文，介绍了有着“DNA 之父”之称的著名科学家詹姆斯・沃森，讲述他和克里克发现DNA双螺旋结构的过程、成就以及这项发现带来的深远影响。 1．根据第三段“They studied X-ray pictures of DNA taken by another scientist, Rosalind Franklin.”可知，沃森和克里克通过研究DNA的X光图片发现了DNA结构。 2．根据第三段“DNA has two strands. These strands twist around each other into a double helix.”，“double helix”意为双螺旋结构，对应图片D。 3．沃森的研究开辟了理解基因遗传、健康相关问题的新方向，后文强调取得发现后他持续研究，收获更多成果；此处需要衔接这项发现产生的科学意义，C选项 “This helped scientists study many diseases.”贴合上下文，逻辑通顺。 4．根据第四段“After the discovery, he continued his research and made more remarkable discoveries in the field.”可知，沃森的研究拥有重大价值，“remarkable”修饰 “discoveries”，因此“remarkable”表示“重要的，引人瞩目的”，与“important”同义。 5．全文围绕詹姆斯・沃森展开，开篇点明他是“DNA 之父”，主体介绍他的重大发现、科研历程与历史意义。因此，最佳标题为“The ‘Father of DNA’”。 能力综合实践4篇 Three students share their favourite words about inspiring people. Fu Xing: A good seed needs a kind heart to grow well. Yuan Longping lived simply and fed the whole world. His story teaches me to be a useful person. Lucy: Nothing is to fear, only to understand. Marie Curie never feared unknown materials and kept researching until she won two Nobel Prizes. Chen Hao: Never stop questioning. Einstein’s curiosity helped him make great physics achievements. 1．What’s the material’s main topic? A．Good study habits. B．Famous sayings and great people. C．Sports news. D．Science learning methods. 2．What’s Fu Xing’s idea? A．Everyone should be a useful person like Yuan Longping. B．Seeds need rich soil to grow. C．We must read more science books. D．Hard work means nothing. 3．Why did Marie Curie succeed? A．She was never afraid and kept studying. B．She had lots of money for labs. C．She worked with many famous assistants. D．She only studied easy materials. 4．What does Chen Hao learn from Einstein? A．Stop asking questions. B．Curiosity and questioning are important. C．Accept all facts without thinking. D．Only clever people can make inventions. 5．The writer wants to tell us ________. A．how to do scientific research B．the stories of great people and their spirit C．ways to become famous scientists D．how to choose favourite sentences 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．A 4．B 5．B 【导语】本文是三位学生分享的关于励志人物的名言感悟，分别涉及袁隆平、居里夫人和爱因斯坦，展现了伟人的精神品质。 1．材料围绕三位伟人的名言和事迹展开，主题是“名言与伟人”。 2．根据Fu Xing的话“Yuan Longping lived simply and fed the whole world. His story teaches me to be a useful person.”可知，他的观点是每个人应该像袁隆平一样做一个有用的人。 3．根据Lucy分享的居里夫人的话“Nothing is to fear, only to understand. Marie Curie never feared unknown materials and kept researching…”可知，她成功是因为从不害怕并持续研究。 4．根据Chen Hao分享的爱因斯坦的话“Never stop questioning. Einstein’s curiosity helped him make great physics achievements.”可知，他从爱因斯坦身上学到好奇心和提问的重要性。 5．全文通过三位学生的分享，呈现了伟人的名言和精神，因此作者想告诉我们伟人的故事及其精神。 In February 1950, Hua Luogeng, as a Chinese mathematician (数学家), wrote an open letter to all Chinese students studying in the US when he was on his way back to China. The letter touched many people. It also showed the strong love for the country of many overseas Chinese scientists who wanted to go back to their motherland badly. The documentary (纪录片) Return tells the stories of many such scientists who decided to return to China in the 1950s. “It not only talks about their historical background but also shows their feelings and deep love for the country,” said Li Zheng, the director of the documentary. Return shares many little-known stories of these scientists. For Hua Luogeng, many people don’t know how important his work was for the early development of computer science in China. In March 1950, Hua left his job at Princeton University’s Institute for Advanced Study and went back to China. At that time, few people knew about computers, but Hua already saw their great use for scientific progress. The next year, he became the director of the Institute of Mathematics at the Chinese Academy of Sciences (中国科学院) and set up China’s first computer research group. Li said Hua’s story moved him a lot. “Hua was not just a mathematician. He had great ideas and was very brave, especially for his time.” When talking about the influence of Return on young people, Li said, “I hope teenagers can learn more about history from this documentary and be encouraged by the spirit of these scientists. Today’s young people live in a happy and rich society, but we must never forget the contributions of those who came before us.” 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．What did Hua’s open letter mainly show? A．His strong love for his motherland. B．His teaching methods in math. C．His travel experiences around the world. D．His achievements in mathematics. 2．When did Hua leave Princeton University? A．In February 1950 B．In March 1950 C．In January 1951 D．In March 1949 3．What does the documentary Return mainly talk about? A．Hua Luogeng’s study experience in the US. B．Scientists who returned to China in the 1950s. C．The development of computers in China. D．Young people’s love for their country. 4．What can we learn from Hua Luogeng’s story? A．He was only good at math. B．He didn’t like working in the US. C．He knew everything about computers. D．He was far-sighted and had a strong will. 5．Why did Li Zheng make the documentary Return? A．To ask young people to work in the US. B．To show Hua Luogeng’s great achievements in math. C．To help teenagers learn history and be inspired by scientists. D．To tell people about the history of computer development. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．B 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了数学家华罗庚放弃美国的工作，毅然回国，投身祖国科学事业的故事，以及纪录片《回归》展现的20世纪50年代归国科学家们的家国情怀，并探讨了该纪录片对青少年的教育意义。 1．原文第一段指出，华罗庚的公开信“showed the strong love for the country of many overseas Chinese scientists”，直接说明了这封信表达了海外中国科学家对祖国的深切热爱。 2．原文第三段提到“In March 1950, Hua left his job at Princeton University’s Institute for Advanced Study and went back to China. ”，明确给出了华罗庚离开普林斯顿大学的时间。 3．原文第二段提到“The documentary (纪录片) Return tells the stories of many such scientists who decided to return to China in the 1950s.”，核心内容是讲述上世纪50年代归国科学家们的故事。 4．根据第三段内容，“At that time, few people knew about computers, but Hua already saw their great use for scientific progress.”和“ He had great ideas and was very brave, especially for his time.”，可知他不仅有远见，而且意志坚定，不畏艰难。 5．原文最后一段提到“I hope teenagers can learn more about history from this documentary and be encouraged by the spirit of these scientists.”，点明了制作纪录片的目的。 Jane Goodall—Friend of Wild Chimpanzees Jane Goodall is a world-famous wildlife protection scientist from Britain. When she was a little girl, she fell in deep love with wild animals. At 26, she travelled to Gombe National Park in Tanzania to study wild chimpanzees. At that time, almost all animal experts believed only human beings could make and use tools. After years of quiet observation, Jane recorded clear proof: wild chimps could pick tree branches, tear leaves off and use sticks to catch termites. Her discovery shocked global biology circles and changed people’s understanding of animal intelligence. Jane lived in simple small tents in the forest for over thirty years. She faced heavy rain, dangerous wild beasts and lonely days. Many times she wanted to return to cities, but her love for chimps kept her staying. She named every chimp group and built close trust with these wild creatures. Now Jane travels around every continent to give speeches. She calls on young people to protect wild animals and stop destroying natural forests. She sets up youth environmental groups in many countries. Her lifelong work tells us that small steady efforts can save our planet’s wild lives. 1．Where did Jane study wild chimpanzees? A．In Britain. B．In Tanzania’s Gombe Park. C．In the Gobi Desert. D．In southern China. 2．What great discovery did Jane make about chimps? A．Chimps sleep in tall trees every night. B．Chimps can make and use simple tools. C．Chimps live alone without groups. D．Chimps mainly eat grass and leaves. 3．How long did Jane live and carry out field research in the forest? A．More than 30 years. B．Less than 5 years. C．About 10 years. D．Only two years. 4．What does Jane do to protect wild animals now? A．Build large zoos in big cities. B．Give speeches and organize youth environmental teams. C．Catch chimps and send them to research labs. D．Write storybooks only for little kids. 5．What is the writer’s attitude towards Jane Goodall? A．Doubtful. B．Uninterested. C．Admiring. D．Critical. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了著名的野生动物保护科学家简·古道尔的生平事迹，包括她在坦桑尼亚研究黑猩猩的经历、重大发现、野外研究的艰辛以及她晚年为保护野生动物所做的努力。 1．文章第一段第三句提到“At 26, she travelled to Gombe National Park in Tanzania to study wild chimpanzees.”，可知简·古道尔是在坦桑尼亚的贡贝公园研究野生黑猩猩的。 2．文章第二段提及“At that time, almost all animal experts believed only human beings could make and use tools. After years of quiet observation, Jane recorded clear proof: wild chimps could pick tree branches, tear leaves off and use sticks to catch termites.”，可知简关于黑猩猩的伟大发现是它们能够制造和使用简单的工具。 3．根据文章第三段第一句“Jane lived in simple small tents in the forest for over thirty years.”可知，她在森林中生活并进行实地研究的时间超过了30年。 4．根据文章第四段“Now Jane travels around every continent to give speeches...She sets up youth environmental groups in many countries.”可知，她现在通过演讲和组织青年环保团队来保护野生动物。 5．通读全文，作者使用了“world-famous”、“love for chimps kept her staying”以及“save our planet’s wild lives”等积极正面的词汇来描述简·古道尔及其工作，字里行间流露出对她的敬佩之情。 Who is the greatest teacher in Chinese history? Many people would think of Confucius (孔子) . Although he lived over 2,000 years ago, people still remember and respect him for his great contribution (贡献) to the teaching today. Confucius lived in the Kingdom of Lu, which lies in Shandong Province. He lived during the Spring and Autumn Period. He had a hard childhood. His father died when he was only 3. His mother brought him up. As a child, he had to work to help his mother, but young Confucius didn’t give up studying. He visited many famous teachers and learned music, history, poetry and sports. Later, he became a teacher and started the first public school in Chinese history. At that time, only children from noble families could go to school, but Confucius believed everyone should go to school if they wanted to learn. He had about 3,000 students in his lifetime. Today, people still follow Confucius’ lessons. He told us that we all have something worthy (值得的) to be learned, “When I’m with three people, one of them must be better than me in some area. I choose their good qualities and follow them.” He also taught us that thinking is very important in study, “All study but no thinking makes people puzzled (困惑的) . All thinking but no study makes people lazy.” Confucius is not only a great teacher, but also a famous thinker with wise thoughts about the world and society. His most important teachings are about kindness and good manners. “A person should be strict with himself, but be kind to others.” he said. 1．Why do we still remember Confucius? A．Because he lived a poor life in his childhood. B．Because he lived during the Spring and Autumn Period. C．Because he had wise thoughts and great views about teaching. D．Because he traveled with his students from state to state. 2．Which is the correct order of the following statements? ①Confucius worked to help his mother as a child. ②Confucius taught about 3,000 students in his lifetime. ③Confucius’s father died. ④Confucius started the first public school in Chinese history. A．③①④② B．②③④① C．①③②④ D．②①③④ 3．What does the underlined word “noble” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Poor B．Rich C．Bright D．Cute 4．According to the passage, what can we learn from Confucius? A．Thinking is very important in study. B．We can learn everything from others. C．We should always care for ourselves. D．No one has something worthy to be learned. 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．Confucius’ Teaching Methods B．A Person Who Changed Chinese History C．Confucius—A Great Teacher and Thinker D．Confucius’s Thoughts 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国历史上伟大的教师和思想家孔子的一生，包括他的早年经历、教育理念、主要思想以及对后世的深远影响。 1．细节理解题。根据“…people still remember and respect him for his great contribution (贡献) to the teaching today.”以及“Confucius is not only a great teacher, but also a famous thinker with wise thoughts about the world and society.”可知，我们至今仍然铭记孔子，是因为他对教育的巨大贡献以及他关于世界和社会的智慧思想。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据文章内容对事件发生顺序进行排序：首先，第二段提到“His father died when he was only 3.” (③孔子的父亲去世) ；接着，第二段提到“As a child, he had to work to help his mother.” (①孔子小时候不得不工作来帮助母亲) ；然后，第三段提到“Later, he became a teacher and started the first public school in Chinese history.” (④孔子创办了中国历史上第一所公学) ；最后，第三段提到“He had about 3,000 students in his life.” (②孔子一生教了大约3000名学生) 。因此，正确的顺序是③①④②。故选A。 3．词句猜测题。根据“At that time, only children from noble families could go to school, but Confucius believed everyone should go to school if they wanted to learn.”可知，前半句说当时只有“noble families”的孩子能上学，后半句用but转折，说孔子认为“每个人”都应该上学。这种对立关系表明，“noble families”指的是享有特权的少数家庭，即富裕或贵族家庭。因此，noble在这里的意思接近于“富有的”。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“‘…All study but no thinking makes people puzzled (困惑的) . All thinking but no study makes people lazy.’”可知，孔子强调了学习与思考相结合的重要性，只学习不思考会让人困惑，只思考不学习会让人懒惰。这说明思考在学习中非常重要。故选A。 5．最佳标题题。文章从孔子的生平事迹 (早年生活、兴办教育) 和思想理念 (教育思想、处世哲学) 两个方面进行了介绍。因此，选项C“孔子——一位伟大的教师和思想家”是文章的最佳标题。故选C。 2 / 20 1 / 20 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 2 Inspiring People 单元话题（励志人物）阅读理解进阶练12篇 说明：此专题分三个难度层次，基础入门训练<进阶拓展训练< 能力综合实践，老师根据学生实际情况进行针对性难度训练。 基础入门训练4篇 阅读下面短文，根据内容选择正确答案。 My Hero—Dr. Bethune Dr. Norman Bethune was a Canadian doctor who is remembered as a hero in China. He came to China in 1938 to help the Chinese people during the war. He worked as a doctor in the battlefields and saved many wounded soldiers. Bethune was a very dedicated doctor. He often worked for long hours without rest. He once operated on 115 soldiers in 69 hours! He never thought about his own safety and always put his patients first. What made Bethune truly inspiring was his selflessness. He was not Chinese, but he chose to help the Chinese people in their time of need. He gave up his comfortable life in Canada to work in very difficult conditions. He even taught Chinese doctors new medical skills so that they could save more lives. Unfortunately, Bethune died in 1939 because of an infection he got while operating on a wounded soldier. He was only 49 years old. But his spirit lives on. Today, many Chinese people still remember him and admire him for his great contribution. Bethune’s story teaches us that true heroes are those who put others before themselves. He is an inspiring example for all of us. 1．When did Dr. Bethune come to China? A．In 1936. B．In 1938. C．In 1939. D．In 1940. 2．How many soldiers did Bethune operate on in 69 hours? A．49. B．69. C．115. D．200. 3．What does the underlined word “selflessness” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．勇敢 B．无私 C．善良 D．勤奋 4．Why did Bethune teach Chinese doctors new skills? A．To make money. B．To become famous. C．To save more lives. D．To travel around China. 5．What can we learn from Bethune’s story? A．Heroes are always famous people. B．True heroes put others before themselves. C．Only doctors can be heroes. D．It is easy to be a hero. Drawings of Your Hero Share with us the hero in your heart. Join in the competition and draw him/her. Prizes worth ¥1,888 are waiting for 10 winners!☆Who to draw A creative artist or a skillful dancer? A clever scientist or an amazing writer? Even your parents, teachers or friends? Heroes can be different but one thing is similar—they give you hope or confidence to make you better.☆What to prepare Download the template (模板) by visiting http://taijiangjy.com.au. Then print it out and draw a picture of your hero. Next, tell us who your hero is and your story in words or a video.☆__▲__ The competition is open to 1st to 3rd graders. You can ask your parent to take a photo of your drawing and email it to us at competition@taijiangjy.com.au. Please send in only ONE picture before 22 July and leave your telephone number. We will get in touch with you by phone if you win.☆What to win Each winner will receive a fantastic prize worth ¥1,888, including：✓ a HUAWEI MatePad SE ✓ a set of cartoon books ✓ a fine basketball We can’t wait to see your drawings! 1．What do heroes have in common according to the poster? A．They are creative. B．They are clever. C．They are beautiful. D．They are encouraging. 2．What should you do first if you want to join in the competition? A．Download the template. B．Print out the picture. C．Draw a picture in your paper. D．Tell your story in a video. 3．Which of the following can be put in “__▲__”? A．What to take B．How to join in C．How to draw D．Why to join in 4．How will the organizer get in touch with the winners? A．By email. B．Through the website. C．By phone. D．By letter. 5．Who might be most interested in the poster? A．A cartoon artist. B．A computer scientist. C．A boy in Grade 3. D．A first‑grade teacher. Qian Xuesen: The Father of Chinese Space Program Qian Xuesen was born in 1911 in Hangzhou. He went to the United States to study aerospace engineering in 1935. There, he became a famous expert and made important discoveries. However, he never forgot his motherland. In 1955, after years of difficulty, he finally returned to China. Back in China, Qian devoted himself to building the country’s space industry. He led the research on China's first satellite and guided young scientists. His work laid the foundation for China’s space program. He always told his students, “It is not enough to study for yourself. You must study for your country.” Qian passed away in 2009, but his spirit lives on. He is remembered not only for his scientific achievements, but also for his deep love for China. 1．When did Qian Xuesen go to the United States? A．In 1911. B．In 1935. C．In 1955. D．In 2009. 2．Why did Qian Xuesen return to China? A．Because he missed his family. B．Because he had no job in the US. C．Because he wanted to serve his motherland. D．Because he finished his study. 3．The underlined word “foundation” in Paragraph 2 most probably means ________. A．地基 B．基础 C．基金 D．发现 4．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Qian Xuesen studied biology in the US. B．Qian Xuesen returned to China in 1935. C．Qian Xuesen led the research on China’s first satellite. D．Qian Xuesen told his students to study for themselves. 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．The History of Chinese Space Program B．How to Become a Scientist C．Qian Xuesen: A Great Scientist and Patriot D．Studying in the United States On the evening of October 31, 2025, China successfully launched the Shenzhou-21 manned spaceship from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center at 23:44 Beijing time. The spaceship carried three astronauts: Zhang Lu, Wu Fei, and Zhang Hongzhang, who represent three types of Chinese active astronauts—space pilot, flight engineer, and payload specialist. After entering orbit, the spaceship completed docking with the Tiangong Space Station in about 3.5 hours, setting a new record for the fastest rendezvous and docking of a Shenzhou spaceship. Among the three astronauts, Zhang Hongzhang is a payload specialist with a doctoral degree and a researcher at the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Born in Zouping, Shandong in 1986, he has been passionate about science since childhood. Though he studied chemistry and chemical engineering in university instead of his dream major—life science—he still pursued his scientific ideals. He once optimized the structure and performance of a key imported material with high cost, contributing to national scientific research. As a payload specialist on Shenzhou-21, he is responsible for conducting scientific experiments in space, including a life science project with four mice. He believes that “achievements in space benefit people on Earth,” showing his dedication to serving the country through scientific research. During the six-month mission, the Shenzhou-21 crew will carry out spacewalks, install space debris protection equipment, and conduct various scientific experiments. This mission marks the steady progress of China’s space station application and development phase, demonstrating the country’s growing strength in space exploration . 1．What can we learn about Shenzhou-21 from the first paragraph? A．It was loaded with 5 types of astronauts. B．It set a new record for the fastest rendezvous and docking of Shenzhou spaceships. C．It completed docking with the Tiangong Space Station after 2 hours. D．It was launched from the Tiangong Space Station. 2．What is Zhang Hongzhang’s professional background? A．He is a space pilot with military training. B．He is a flight engineer from an air force background. C．He is a payload specialist with a doctoral degree. D．He is a teacher at a university in Shandong. 3．What will the Shenzhou-21 crew NOT do during their mission? A．Conduct spacewalks and install equipment. B．Carry out 86 scientific experiments in total. C．Stay in space for about six months. D．Conduct a life science experiment with mice. 4．We can learn from the passage that ________. A．Zhang Hongzhang gave up his scientific dream after changing his major B．Shenzhou-21 completed docking with the space station in the shortest time C．the three astronauts have the same type of professional skills D．China will stop space exploration after this mission 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The detailed process of Shenzhou-21’s docking with the space station. B．Zhang Hongzhang’s childhood and his love for life science. C．The launch of Shenzhou-21 and the deeds of astronaut Zhang Hongzhang. D．The importance of space debris protection for the space station. 进阶拓展训练4篇 Chinese Mathematicians Make History with Fields Medal On July 23, 2026, a historic moment arrived for Chinese mathematics. At the opening ceremony of the International Congress of Mathematicians in Philadelphia, two Chinese mathematicians — Deng Yu and Wang Hong — were awarded the Fields Medal. This is the first time that Chinese mathematicians have received this honor, which is often called the “Nobel Prize of mathematics”. Deng Yu, from Shenzhen, Guangdong, and Wang Hong, from Guilin, Guangxi, both completed their primary and secondary education in China before entering Peking University in 2007. Their achievements have brought great pride to the country. Wang Hong and her collaborators solved the three-dimensional Kakeya conjecture, a problem that had puzzled mathematicians for over a hundred years. She also made major breakthroughs in the two-dimensional Falconer distance problem. Deng Yu and his collaborators completed a strict derivation from the hard-sphere particle system to the Boltzmann equation, making key progress on Hilbert’s sixth problem. Academician Tian Gang from Peking University said that Deng and Wang’s breakthroughs show the spirit of “daring to enter uncharted territory and daring to challenge recognized major problems”. This is the courage to face difficulties and the perseverance to keep going. When asked about her feelings, Wang Hong said, “This means a lot to me and my collaborators”. She recalled that in high school, she read about Terence Tao winning the Fields Medal in a math magazine and was very excited. “Today, I am just as excited,” she said. 1．When were Deng Yu and Wang Hong awarded the Fields Medal? A．On July 23, 2025. B．On July 23, 2026. C．On July 28, 2026. D．On July 30, 2026. 2．What did Wang Hong and her collaborators achieve? A．They solved the two-dimensional Falconer distance problem. B．They solved the three-dimensional Kakeya conjecture. C．They proved the Riemann Hypothesis. D．They won the Nobel Prize in Physics. 3．Where did Deng Yu and Wang Hong complete their university education? A．At Tsinghua University. B．At Peking University. C．At Fudan University. D．At Zhejiang University. 4．What did Wang Hong say she felt when she received the award? A．She felt surprised. B．She felt just as excited as when she read about it in high school. C．She felt disappointed. D．She felt it was not important. 5．What is the main idea of this passage? A．Chinese mathematicians made history by winning the Fields Medal. B．The Fields Medal is the most important award in physics. C．Deng Yu and Wang Hong studied abroad. D．Mathematics is the most difficult subject. Katherine Johnson — Hidden Math Hero Katherine Johnson was a brilliant African-American mathematician from the US. In the 1960s, NASA faced a hard task: sending humans into space safely. Back then, computers were not fully reliable, so they needed top human mathematicians to check all flight data. At that time, unfair rules separated women and black workers from white male teams. Katherine was given low-paying jobs at first and was not allowed to take part in core space planning. But her excellent calculating skills quickly drew leaders’ attention. In 1962, the famous Mercury-Atlas 6 flight carried astronaut John Glenn into orbit. Before takeoff, Glenn refused to board unless Katherine double-checked all flight numbers. She finished the complex math work in a short time and proved the flight path was safe. The mission succeeded perfectly. Later, she joined the moon landing project. For years, she solved hard space math problems without high-tech machines. Her exact calculations helped Apollo 11 land on the moon in 1969. Katherine’s story shows that talent never has limits from race or gender. It was brave of her to fight for equal chances and stick to her love for math. Her spirit still inspires girls who love science today. 1．Which organization did Katherine Johnson work for? A．WHO B．NASA C．UNICEF D．WWF 2．Why did John Glenn wait for Katherine’s check before flying? A．He didn’t trust machine calculations. B．He wanted to chat with her first. C．The rules forced him to do so. D．He needed her to design the spaceship. 3．Which flight did Katherine help complete in 1962? A．Apollo 11 moon flight. B．Mercury-Atlas 6 flight. C．Mars exploration flight. D．Space station flight. 4．What did Katherine do for the Apollo 11 mission? A．Built new space computers. B．Calculated accurate flight data. C．Trained new astronauts. D．Wrote space science textbooks. 5．What is the main idea of this text? A．Old computers were useless for space tasks. B．Katherine broke barriers and made key space math contributions. C．Women could not work for space projects long ago. D．Moon landing only depended on modern machines. Huang Xuhua, known as the “Father of China’s Nuclear Submarine (核潜艇),” was one of China’s most important scientists. Born in 1926 in Guangdong Province, he studied hard and became an excellent engineer. In 1958, when China decided to build its first nuclear submarine, the country chose Huang to lead the project. At that time, China had very little knowledge of nuclear submarines. There were no foreign experts (专家) to help, and the country was short of special materials and machines. Huang and his team worked day and night to solve these problems. They did thousands of experiments and made many models before succeeding. For national safety, the project was top secret. Huang didn’t tell anyone, even his family, about his work. He once disappeared for 30 years without visiting home. His wife and children only knew he was doing important work for the country but didn’t know the details (详情). Finally, in 1970, they succeeded in building China’s first nuclear submarine. This was a great moment in China’s history. Huang’s work helped make China stronger and safer. Although he did such important work, Huang always remained modest (谦逊的). He never talked about his achievements and lived a simple life. In his later years, Huang received many honors (荣誉), but he always said, “I just did what every Chinese should do for our motherland.” 1．When did China decide to build its first nuclear submarine? A．In 1958. B．In 1970. C．In 1971. D．In 1988. 2．What does the underlined word “secret” mean in Paragraph 2? A．Something that people like to enjoy. B．Something that people want to experience. C．Something that people need to finish. D．Something that only a few people know. 3．What’s the main idea of Paragraph 2? A．It was really hard to build the first nuclear submarine. B．How Huang designed the first nuclear submarine. C．The importance of the first nuclear submarine. D．The support from Huang’s family. 4．What can we infer (推断) from the text? A．Huang learned a lot about nuclear submarines in foreign countries. B．The foreign experts were not friendly at that time. C．Huang was hard-working and loved our country very much. D．Huang succeeded in building China’s first nuclear submarine in his 70s. 5．What’s the best title for the text? A．China’s First Nuclear Submarine B．A Great Scientist: Huang Xuhua C．The Great Development of China D．The Long History of China James Watson, a world‑famous scientist known as the “Father of DNA”, passed away on November 6, 2025, at the age of 97. Born in 1928, Watson made his most famous discovery in 1953. Together with Francis Crick, he found out the double‑helix structure of DNA．This discovery was a huge step in understanding genes (基因). People had known about DNA since 1869, but for a long time, nobody knew its shape. To find out, Watson worked with Francis Crick in the UK. They studied X-ray pictures of DNA taken by another scientist, Rosalind Franklin. This led them to find out that DNA has two strands (链). These strands twist (缠绕) around each other into a double helix. Watson and Crick won the Nobel Prize in 1962. Watson’s work opened up new ways of understanding how genes are passed on from parents to children and how they affect our health and what they are like. ▲ After the discovery, he continued his research and made more remarkable discoveries in the field. He also wrote many books to share his knowledge with the public. His discovery changed the way we think about life and started modern studies of genes. Scientists today still build on his work to study new diseases and find better ways to help people. That is why he will always be remembered. His story shows us the power of being curious and hard‑working in scientific discoveries. 1．How did Watson and Crick find out the structure of DNA? A．By doing experiments on genes. B．By studying X‑ray pictures of DNA． C．By reading books about genetics. D．By talking to other scientists. 2．What might DNA look like according to the passage? A． B． C． D． 3．Which of the following can be put in “ ▲ ” in Paragraph 4? A．This discovery was widely accepted. B．Then they stopped their research. C．This helped scientists study many diseases. D．Nobody cared about his discovery. 4．What does the underlined word “remarkable” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．necessary B．strange C．important D．simple 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．The “Father of DNA” B．How to Win a Nobel Prize C．How DNA Was Discovered D．Watson’s Controversial Views 能力综合实践4篇 Three students share their favourite words about inspiring people. Fu Xing: A good seed needs a kind heart to grow well. Yuan Longping lived simply and fed the whole world. His story teaches me to be a useful person. Lucy: Nothing is to fear, only to understand. Marie Curie never feared unknown materials and kept researching until she won two Nobel Prizes. Chen Hao: Never stop questioning. Einstein’s curiosity helped him make great physics achievements. 1．What’s the material’s main topic? A．Good study habits. B．Famous sayings and great people. C．Sports news. D．Science learning methods. 2．What’s Fu Xing’s idea? A．Everyone should be a useful person like Yuan Longping. B．Seeds need rich soil to grow. C．We must read more science books. D．Hard work means nothing. 3．Why did Marie Curie succeed? A．She was never afraid and kept studying. B．She had lots of money for labs. C．She worked with many famous assistants. D．She only studied easy materials. 4．What does Chen Hao learn from Einstein? A．Stop asking questions. B．Curiosity and questioning are important. C．Accept all facts without thinking. D．Only clever people can make inventions. 5．The writer wants to tell us ________. A．how to do scientific research B．the stories of great people and their spirit C．ways to become famous scientists D．how to choose favourite sentences In February 1950, Hua Luogeng, as a Chinese mathematician (数学家), wrote an open letter to all Chinese students studying in the US when he was on his way back to China. The letter touched many people. It also showed the strong love for the country of many overseas Chinese scientists who wanted to go back to their motherland badly. The documentary (纪录片) Return tells the stories of many such scientists who decided to return to China in the 1950s. “It not only talks about their historical background but also shows their feelings and deep love for the country,” said Li Zheng, the director of the documentary. Return shares many little-known stories of these scientists. For Hua Luogeng, many people don’t know how important his work was for the early development of computer science in China. In March 1950, Hua left his job at Princeton University’s Institute for Advanced Study and went back to China. At that time, few people knew about computers, but Hua already saw their great use for scientific progress. The next year, he became the director of the Institute of Mathematics at the Chinese Academy of Sciences (中国科学院) and set up China’s first computer research group. Li said Hua’s story moved him a lot. “Hua was not just a mathematician. He had great ideas and was very brave, especially for his time.” When talking about the influence of Return on young people, Li said, “I hope teenagers can learn more about history from this documentary and be encouraged by the spirit of these scientists. Today’s young people live in a happy and rich society, but we must never forget the contributions of those who came before us.” 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．What did Hua’s open letter mainly show? A．His strong love for his motherland. B．His teaching methods in math. C．His travel experiences around the world. D．His achievements in mathematics. 2．When did Hua leave Princeton University? A．In February 1950 B．In March 1950 C．In January 1951 D．In March 1949 3．What does the documentary Return mainly talk about? A．Hua Luogeng’s study experience in the US. B．Scientists who returned to China in the 1950s. C．The development of computers in China. D．Young people’s love for their country. 4．What can we learn from Hua Luogeng’s story? A．He was only good at math. B．He didn’t like working in the US. C．He knew everything about computers. D．He was far-sighted and had a strong will. 5．Why did Li Zheng make the documentary Return? A．To ask young people to work in the US. B．To show Hua Luogeng’s great achievements in math. C．To help teenagers learn history and be inspired by scientists. D．To tell people about the history of computer development. Jane Goodall—Friend of Wild Chimpanzees Jane Goodall is a world-famous wildlife protection scientist from Britain. When she was a little girl, she fell in deep love with wild animals. At 26, she travelled to Gombe National Park in Tanzania to study wild chimpanzees. At that time, almost all animal experts believed only human beings could make and use tools. After years of quiet observation, Jane recorded clear proof: wild chimps could pick tree branches, tear leaves off and use sticks to catch termites. Her discovery shocked global biology circles and changed people’s understanding of animal intelligence. Jane lived in simple small tents in the forest for over thirty years. She faced heavy rain, dangerous wild beasts and lonely days. Many times she wanted to return to cities, but her love for chimps kept her staying. She named every chimp group and built close trust with these wild creatures. Now Jane travels around every continent to give speeches. She calls on young people to protect wild animals and stop destroying natural forests. She sets up youth environmental groups in many countries. Her lifelong work tells us that small steady efforts can save our planet’s wild lives. 1．Where did Jane study wild chimpanzees? A．In Britain. B．In Tanzania’s Gombe Park. C．In the Gobi Desert. D．In southern China. 2．What great discovery did Jane make about chimps? A．Chimps sleep in tall trees every night. B．Chimps can make and use simple tools. C．Chimps live alone without groups. D．Chimps mainly eat grass and leaves. 3．How long did Jane live and carry out field research in the forest? A．More than 30 years. B．Less than 5 years. C．About 10 years. D．Only two years. 4．What does Jane do to protect wild animals now? A．Build large zoos in big cities. B．Give speeches and organize youth environmental teams. C．Catch chimps and send them to research labs. D．Write storybooks only for little kids. 5．What is the writer’s attitude towards Jane Goodall? A．Doubtful. B．Uninterested. C．Admiring. D．Critical. Who is the greatest teacher in Chinese history? Many people would think of Confucius (孔子) . Although he lived over 2,000 years ago, people still remember and respect him for his great contribution (贡献) to the teaching today. Confucius lived in the Kingdom of Lu, which lies in Shandong Province. He lived during the Spring and Autumn Period. He had a hard childhood. His father died when he was only 3. His mother brought him up. As a child, he had to work to help his mother, but young Confucius didn’t give up studying. He visited many famous teachers and learned music, history, poetry and sports. Later, he became a teacher and started the first public school in Chinese history. At that time, only children from noble families could go to school, but Confucius believed everyone should go to school if they wanted to learn. He had about 3,000 students in his lifetime. Today, people still follow Confucius’ lessons. He told us that we all have something worthy (值得的) to be learned, “When I’m with three people, one of them must be better than me in some area. I choose their good qualities and follow them.” He also taught us that thinking is very important in study, “All study but no thinking makes people puzzled (困惑的) . All thinking but no study makes people lazy.” Confucius is not only a great teacher, but also a famous thinker with wise thoughts about the world and society. His most important teachings are about kindness and good manners. “A person should be strict with himself, but be kind to others.” he said. 1．Why do we still remember Confucius? A．Because he lived a poor life in his childhood. B．Because he lived during the Spring and Autumn Period. C．Because he had wise thoughts and great views about teaching. D．Because he traveled with his students from state to state. 2．Which is the correct order of the following statements? ①Confucius worked to help his mother as a child. ②Confucius taught about 3,000 students in his lifetime. ③Confucius’s father died. ④Confucius started the first public school in Chinese history. A．③①④② B．②③④① C．①③②④ D．②①③④ 3．What does the underlined word “noble” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Poor B．Rich C．Bright D．Cute 4．According to the passage, what can we learn from Confucius? A．Thinking is very important in study. B．We can learn everything from others. C．We should always care for ourselves. D．No one has something worthy to be learned. 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．Confucius’ Teaching Methods B．A Person Who Changed Chinese History C．Confucius—A Great Teacher and Thinker D．Confucius’s Thoughts 2 / 20 1 / 20 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $