Unit 1 Section Ⅰ Part Ⅰ Reading comprehension(Word学生用书)-【学霸笔记·同步精讲】2026-2027学年高中英语选择性必修第二册(人教版)

2026-09-11
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高智传媒科技中心
进店逛逛

摘要:

**基本信息** 高中英语新授课同步练,四阶分层设计,从背景激活到语篇应用,梯度提升语言能力与思维品质。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |课前导入•激趣启思|背景知识激活与话题引入|图片情境题激发兴趣,关联流行病主题,渗透文化意识| |速读课文•理清脉络|语篇主旨与结构梳理|主旨选择题+结构分析题,培养整体理解的语言能力| |精读课文•领悟细节|细节理解与批判性思维|细节选择题+开放思考题,提升推理与评价的思维品质| |课文融通•学以致用|语言知识综合应用|语法填空题整合词汇、语法,强化知识迁移的学习能力|

内容正文:

UNIT 1 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS (主题语境:人与社会一科技发展与信息技术,科学精神)】 单元素养目标 语言能力 课标单词 重点短语 经典句型 文化意识 severe contradictory once and for all 1.until引导时间状 1.了解中外科学家的重要贡献及其性 infection subscribe 语从句 subscribe to 格特点和高尚品格,深入理解科学 proof multiple 2.so.that.… 精神的内涵。 thanks to 如此…以至于… 2.了解中国科学技术发展的伟大成 suspect blame break out 3.have sth done 就,坚定文化自信。 handle link pure decrease in charge of 4.“否定词+比较级” 思维品质 transform initial 表达最高级含义 come down with 1.通过分析约翰·斯诺攻克霍乱的过 solid cast 5.what引导名词性 程,梳理科学研究的基本步骤。 above all 从句 2.通过阅读不同科学家的事迹,分析、 pour concrete 6.not only ..but 提炼、概括科学精神的主要特点。 defend assistant be to blame als0.不仅… outstanding gifted be traced back to 而且… 学习能力 abstract raw 1.能够理解图表中的信息,读懂符号 和图注的意义。 concept substantial 核心语法 话题写作 2能够结合所学词汇归纳常见词缀, fault shift 关于科学精神的 并学会使用构词法理解和记忆 vivid finding 表语从句 评论文章 词汇。 教材双语名言 To raise new questions,new possibilities,to regard old problems from a new angle,requires creative imagination and marks real advance in science. -Albert Einstein Leopold Infeld 提出新的问题、发现新的可能、从新的角度审视已存在的问题, 这些需要创造性的想象力,并标志着科学的真正进步。 阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦&利奥波德·英费尔德 本单元的引言旨在引导学生思考科学进步的根本动力和标志,从而理解创新与想象的意义。 》一隅三反 Many of life's failures are people who did not If I have seen further than others,it is by realize how close they were to success when standing upon the shoulders of giants. they gave un 1/1 Part Ⅰ Reading comprehension 第一步 课前导入•激趣启思 1.Do you know the following epidemics (流行病)?  2.Do you know the symptoms (症状) of cholera? 3.Which scientist do you like best? Give your reason(s).                                                                                                                                                                             第二步 速读课文•理清脉络 1.What does the passage mainly talk about?(  ) A.How John Snow found out the cause of cholera and defeated it. B.The cause of cholera was polluted water. C.The source of all drinking water should be examined. D.John Snow was a well-known doctor in London. 2.Structures and clues 第三步 精读课文•领悟细节 Task 1:Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers. 1.What was the key to John Snow’s discovery?(  ) A.The local British government. B.The woman living in the Broad Street. C.The company offering the water. D.The map made by himself. 2.Which of the following can best describe John Snow? (  ) A.Selfless and outgoing. B.Determined and scientific. C.Independent and adaptable. D.Experienced and intelligent. 3.What’s the purpose of this passage?(  ) A.To show John Snow was a famous doctor. B.To present John Snow’s method of disease research.  C.To introduce John Snow’s life and important achievements.  D.To describe how John Snow stopped the spread of cholera. 4.What does “King” imply in the title?(  ) A.The name of cholera. B.The causes of cholera. C.Cholera spreads fast. D.Cholera is powerful and hard to cure. 5.Where does this passage probably come from?(  ) A.A newspaper.   B.A public speech. C.A book review.   D.A TV interview. Task 2:Creative thinking and critical thinking What can we learn from John Snow when facing an epidemic?                                                                                                                                                                                                                        第四步 课文融通•学以致用   In the early 19th century, an outbreak of cholera hit Europe, causing the death of millions of people.John Snow, a young doctor, became 1.       (frustrate) since no one knew how to prevent or treat cholera.However, he had the desire 2.         (destroy) cholera thoroughly.   Snow agreed with the theory that cholera was caused by an 3.       (infect) from germs in food or water, but he needed proof.So when an outbreak of cholera hit London in 1854, he decided to investigate 4.     it was so severe in two particular streets.He began by marking on a map the exact places where all those who died had lived.Snow 5.       (suspect) that the water pump was to blame.As a result 6.       some evidence, he found that the pump water carried cholera germs.Accordingly, he had the handle of the pump 7.       (remove) to stop the disease in its tracks.Moreover, Snow later showed 8.       link between other cases of cholera and the different water companies in London, some of which sold water that 9.         (pollute) by raw waste.   Through Snow’s tireless efforts, the threat of cholera decreased 10.       (substantial).Besides, in his use of maps and statistics, Snow transformed the way scientists study diseases.For this reason, Snow is considered the father of modern epidemiology. JOHN SNOW DEFEATS “KING CHOLERA”   Cholera used to① be one of the most feared diseases in the world, until a British doctor, John Snow, showed how it could be overcome.This illness causes severe diarrhoea, dehydration, and even death.In the early 19th century, when an outbreak of cholera hit Europe, millions of people died from② the disease.[1]As a young doctor, John Snow became frustrated because no one knew how to prevent or treat cholera. In time, he rose to become a famous doctor, and even attended to③ Queen Victoria when she gave birth.However, he never lost his desire to destroy cholera once and for all④.   【释疑难】 句[1]中because引导原因状语从句;how to prevent or treat cholera为“疑问词+to do”结构作宾语。   In general⑤, doctors in those days had two contradictory theories to explain how cholera spread.One theory was that bad air caused the disease.The other was that cholera was caused by an infection from germs in food or water.Snow subscribed to⑥ the second theory.It was correct, but he still needed proof.Consequently, when an outbreak of cholera hit London in 1854, Snow began to investigate.[2]He discovered that in two particular streets the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than⑦ 500 people died in ten days.He was determined to⑧ find out⑨ why.   【释疑难】 句[2]中第一个that引导宾语从句;so ...that ...引导结果状语从句。   Snow began by marking on a map the exact places where all those who died had lived.There were multiple deaths near the water pump in Broad Street (especially house numbers 16,37,38,and 40). However, some households (such as 20 and 21 Broad Street, and 8 and 9 Cambridge Street) had had no deaths.These people worked in the pub at 7 Cambridge Street.They had been given free beer, and so had not drunk the water from the pump.Snow suspected that the water pump was to blame⑩.What is more, in another part of London, a woman and her daughter had died of⑪ cholera after moving away from Broad Street.[3]It seemed that the woman liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day.As a result of⑫ this evidence, John Snow was able to announce that the pump water carried cholera germs.Accordingly, he had the handle of the pump removed so that it could not be used.Through this intervention, the disease was stopped in its tracks⑬.   【释疑难】 句[3]中第一个that 引导表语从句;so ...that ...引导结果状语从句;had it delivered是“have+宾语+过去分词(宾语补足语)”结构。   The truth was that the water from the Broad Street pump had been infected by waste.Moreover, Snow was later able to show a link between other cases of cholera and⑭ the different water companies in London.Some companies sold water from the River Thames that was polluted by raw waste.[4]The people who drank this water were much more likely to⑮ get cholera than those who drank pure or boiled water⑯.   【释疑难】 句[4]主干使用了一个比较级结构;句中两个关系代词who都引导定语从句,分别修饰先行词people和those。   [5]Through Snow’s tireless efforts⑰, water companies began to sell clean water, and the threat of cholera around the world saw a substantial decrease⑱.However, cholera is still a problem.Each year, millions of people around the world get cholera and many die from it.Fortunately, we now know how to prevent cholera, thanks to⑲ the work of John Snow.[6]Moreover, in his use of maps and statistics, Snow transformed the way⑳ scientists study diseases.[7]For this reason, Snow is considered the father of modern epidemiology. Paras.1-3 语块翻译 ①         ②         ③         ④         ⑤         ⑥         ⑦         ⑧         ⑨         ⑩         ⑪         ⑫         ⑬         熟词生义 1.overcome (Para.1) 熟义:vt.克服 文中义:vt.战胜 2.hit (Para.2) 熟义:vt.打,击中 文中义:vt.(灾难、疾病等)袭击,爆发 3.deliver (Para.3) 熟义:vt.发表(演讲) 文中义:vt.运送;传送 赏靓点 第三段是约翰•斯诺的调查过程,使用了However, What is more, Accordingly等句间衔接语,它们使叙述更有逻辑性,层次更加清晰。 Paras.4-5 语块翻译 ⑭         ⑮         ⑯         ⑰         ⑱         ⑲         ⑳         熟词生义 4.infect (Para.4) 熟义:vt.感染(人/动物) 文中义:vt.污染 5.raw (Para.4) 熟义:adj.生的;未煮的 文中义:adj.未经处理的 6.father (Para.5) 熟义:n.父亲 文中义:n.创始人,奠基人 赏靓点 句[5]中saw这一动词赋予抽象概念以生命感,将“霍乱的威胁”拟人化,增强语句的画面感与感染力。 句[6]中Moreover承接上文,transformed一词力度极强,凸显其贡献的开创性与里程碑意义。 句[7]总结收束与价值升华。从“事迹陈述”到“历史定位”的升华,使段落结尾掷地有声。 第五段使用了However, Moreover, For this reason等句间衔接语,完整构建了“行动——成果——影响——定位”的叙事链条,实现了叙事性与议论性的完美统一。 参考译文 约翰•斯诺战胜“霍乱王”   在英国医生约翰•斯诺向人们展示如何战胜霍乱之前,霍乱曾是世界上最令人恐惧的疾病之一。它可导致严重腹泻、脱水,甚至死亡。十九世纪初,霍乱爆发,肆虐欧洲,数百万人丧命。由于当时无人知道如何预防或治疗霍乱,年轻的约翰•斯诺医生很沮丧。后来,他成了一位名医,甚至照料分娩的维多利亚女王。然而,他始终没有放弃彻底根除霍乱的愿望。   关于霍乱的蔓延方式,当时医生大体上有两种截然不同的看法。一种看法是空气污染引发霍乱,另一种看法是食物或饮用水中的细菌感染导致霍乱。斯诺赞同第二种看法。这一看法是正确的,但他仍需要证据。因此,1854年伦敦爆发霍乱时,斯诺便开始调查。他发现霍乱疫情在两条街道上尤为严重,以至于十天内就有500多人死亡。他决心查明原因。   斯诺首先在地图上标出所有死者住所的确切位置。宽街水泵附近有多例死亡(尤其是16号、37号、38号及40号住宅),但是有些住户(如宽街20号和21号以及剑桥街8号和9号)却无人死亡。这些幸存者在剑桥街7号的酒吧工作,酒吧为他们提供免费啤酒,因此没有喝从水泵抽上来的水。斯诺怀疑水泵就是罪魁祸首。此外,在伦敦的另一个区域,一名妇女和她的女儿从宽街搬来后死于霍乱。该妇女似乎非常喜欢从水泵抽上来的水,每天都让人从那里打水运到家里来。有了这个证据,约翰•斯诺就能够宣布水泵抽上来的水携带霍乱病菌。于是,他让人拆掉了水泵的把手,这样水泵就用不成了。这一干预举措遏制了疾病的蔓延。   事情的真相是从宽街水泵抽上来的水被废弃物污染了。此外,斯诺之后还证明了另外几起霍乱病例与伦敦多家饮用水公司有关。有些公司出售的水取自被未经处理的废弃物污染的泰晤士河。与饮用纯净水或开水的人相比,饮用被污染的水的人更容易染上霍乱。   经过斯诺的不懈努力,饮用水公司开始出售洁净水,世界各地霍乱的威胁大幅降低。然而,霍乱仍是问题。每年全球有数百万人感染霍乱,其中许多人因此丧生。幸运的是,由于约翰•斯诺的努力,我们现在知道了如何预防霍乱。此外,通过使用地图和数据,斯诺改变了科学家研究疾病的方式。因此,斯诺被视为现代流行病学之父。 完成课后作业 UNIT 1 Section Ⅰ Part Ⅰ 7 / 7 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $ UNIT 1 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS Section Ⅰ Reading and Thinking Part Ⅰ Reading comprehension 【整体理解•学语篇】 第一步 3.Of all the scientists both at home and abroad, I like John Snow best because he defeated cholera, one of the most feared diseases in the world. 第二步 1.A 2.①introduction ②theories ③assumption ④data ⑤truth/cause ⑥method/way ⑦way ⑧epidemiology 第三步 Task 1:1-5 DBDDA Task 2: When facing an epidemic, we should find the cause of it, cut off the transmission route of the virus, develop vaccines and find the cure for it. 第四步 1.frustrated 2.to destroy 3.infection 4.why 5.suspected 6.of 7.removed 8.a 9.was/had been polluted 10.substantially 【篇章赏读•习语言】 积语块 ①过去常常(做某事) ②死于 ③照料 ④最终地;彻底地 ⑤一般来说 ⑥同意;赞同 ⑦多于;不仅仅是 ⑧下定决心(做某事) ⑨发现,查明 ⑩应负责任 ⑪死于 ⑫由于;因为 ⑬使……戛然而止;彻底阻止 ⑭表明……与……之间的联系 ⑮有可能(做某事) ⑯开水 ⑰不懈的努力 ⑱大幅降低 ⑲幸亏;由于 ⑳改变……的方式 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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Unit 1 Section Ⅰ Part Ⅰ Reading comprehension(Word学生用书)-【学霸笔记·同步精讲】2026-2027学年高中英语选择性必修第二册(人教版)
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Unit 1 Section Ⅰ Part Ⅰ Reading comprehension(Word学生用书)-【学霸笔记·同步精讲】2026-2027学年高中英语选择性必修第二册(人教版)
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Unit 1 Section Ⅰ Part Ⅰ Reading comprehension(Word学生用书)-【学霸笔记·同步精讲】2026-2027学年高中英语选择性必修第二册(人教版)
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