Unit 5 Culture shapes us 完形填空 （热点题型专练）英语新教材冀教版九年级上册

**基本信息** 聚焦“人与社会—文化”主题，构建“题型解读-解题技巧-命题预测”三维训练体系，融合文化意识与语言能力培养，实现方法迁移与知识逻辑递进。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |热点题型概览|1模块|通读抓主旨、固定搭配优先、文化常识排除等6步解题法|从中考标准设置到文化主题考点，构建“题型-技巧-预测”逻辑链| |题型夯基提升|10篇基础篇|近义辨析、逻辑连词梳理等技巧|以传统节日、跨文化交际等素材承载基础语法点（非谓语、情态动词等）| |培优拔高|8篇挑战篇|语境推理、文化内涵解读|通过文物保护、民间艺术等深度素材，衔接复杂语法（定语从句、被动语态）与文化意识|

Unit 5 Culture shapes us 完形填空题型专练（话题：人与社会—艺术） 题型夯基提升 巩固基础·专项突破 Passage 1 1．A 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．C 6．D 7．B 8．C 9．D 10．B Passage 2 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．B 8．A 9．B 10．C Passage 3 1．D 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．A 6．A 7．C 8．B 9．D 10．B Passage 4 1．A 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．B 6．D 7．B 8．C 9．A 10．D Passage 5 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．B 9．B 10．A Passage 6 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．A 6．D 7．B 8．C 9．B 10．A Passage 7 1．A 2．C 3．B 4．C 5．B 6．D 7．B 8．C 9．C 10．A Passage 8 1．B 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．C 9．A 10．D Passage 9 1．A 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．C 6．B 7．A 8．C 9．C 10．B Passage 10 1．A 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．A 8．C 9．A 10．D 培优拔高·挑战攻坚 Passage 1 1．C 2．B 3．D 4．B 5．C 6．D 7．A 8．B 9．C 10．C Passage 2 1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．B 6．C 7．A 8．B 9．D 10．C Passage 3 1．A 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．A Passage 4 1．C 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．C 6．C 7．C 8．C 9．B 10．A Passage 5 1．B    2．C    3．B    4．C    5．C    6．A    7．B    8．B    9．C    10．A Passage 6 1．B 2．A 3．A 4．A 5．B 6．B 7．A 8．A 9．B 10．A Passage 7 1．A 2．B 3．B 4．C 5．B 6．C 7．C 8．A 9．D 10．A Passage 8 1．A    2．B    3．C    4．A    5．B    6．A    7．C    8．A    9．B    10．C 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5 Culture shapes us 完形填空题型专练（话题：人与社会—文化） 热点题型概览 核心模块 具体内容说明 题型解读 1. 中考完形填空标准设置：一篇短文 10 个单选题，词汇覆盖名词、动词、形容词、副词、介词、连词、情态动词、固定搭配； 2. 上下文逻辑、文化常识、词义辨析为核心考点； 3. 全篇围绕“人与社会 — 文化”主题命题，涵盖传统节日、民间艺术、饮食礼仪、中外文化差异、民族文化、文物与历史人物等素材。 解题技巧 1. 通读全文抓主旨，把握本篇核心 “文化传承、跨文化交际、民俗习俗”； 2. 优先辨析固定搭配、介词、连词、非谓语动词； 3. 结合文化常识排除错误选项； 4. 区分近义形容词 / 副词、动词短语； 5. 梳理转折、因果、条件、让步逻辑连词； 6. 最后回读核对全文语句通顺、逻辑自洽。 命题预测 - 单元话题 围绕传统节日习俗、民间艺术（舞狮、木偶戏、茶艺）、餐桌礼仪、中外跨文化交际差异、少数民族特色文化、文物保护、历史先贤思想、传统文学等出题；侧重考查学生对中华优秀传统文化的理解，以及尊重不同地域文化的意识。 命题预测 - 核心考点 高频考点：非谓语动词、定语从句引导词、情态动词、动名词固定句型、时间 / 条件 / 让步连词、形容词副词辨析、被动语态、固定短语搭配。 题型夯基提升 巩固基础·专项突破 Passage 1 Can you imagine a world without books, newspapers, or magazines? All of these things depend on one   1 — papermaking. In ancient China, many different materials were used to write 2 , such as animal bones, bronze wares, stones, wood, bamboo, and even silk. In the Western Han Dynasty, there was 3 a very early form of paper made from jute. However, all of these materials were either difficult to use and store 4 very expensive. As the head officer of the palace workshop, Cai Lun became interested in 5 to solve the problem. From past experiences, he got the idea that bark, certain plants, and old clothes could be used to make a special material 6 to write on. In the first step of Cai Lun’s experiment, all the ingredients were mixed and 7 in water. Then, this material was beaten, cut up, and mixed with water again. Next, the liquid was poured over a bamboo screen, 8 just the fibre. Finally, this fibre was dried and pressed to form paper. 9 everyone’s surprise, this paper was soft, light, easy to make and use, and most importantly, cheap. The papermaking technique did not only speed up the development of civilization in China 10 also around the world. 1．A．invention B．inventor C．invitation D．interview 2．A．in B．on C．at D．for 3．A．also B．too C．either D．neither 4．A．and B．so C．or D．but 5．A．try B．tried C．trying D．to try 6．A．suit B．suited C．suiting D．suitable 7．A．boil B．boiled C．boiling D．to boil 8．A．leave B．left C．leaving D．to leave 9．A．In B．On C．At D．To 10．A．and B．but C．so D．or Passage 2 Communication is not just talking. Different cultures have different rules for good talk. Last summer, I joined an international student group project. There were students from Canada, China and Britain. At first, we met lots of 1 because of cultural differences. British students thought it rude to interrupt others, 2 Chinese students liked to give ideas while their partners were talking. A Canadian boy felt upset when we didn’t look at his eyes while listening. He told us eye contact was a basic way to show we were 3 . Our group leader told us a rule: 4 we want to work together smoothly, we need to learn each other’s communication manners. We held a small meeting to 5 our different habits. We decided that everyone would wait until others finished speaking, and make soft eye contact when listening. We also 6 the project work properly according to everyone’s strengths. If someone met a confusing problem, we would sit down and talk it out instead of keeping silent. One month later, our project won the first prize at school. We all realized: good communication does not only mean speaking nicely. It means respecting different 7 and listening with your full heart. If you only care about your own thoughts and refuse to understand others, you will never 8 a good relationship with your partners. Even small misunderstandings can grow big 9 you don’t clear them up in time. Always remember: every successful team is built on open and honest 10 . 1．A．happiness B．misunderstandings C．activities D．suggestions 2．A．while B．if C．unless D．because 3．A．bored B．careless C．interested D．lazy 4．A．Unless B．If C．Though D．Before 5．A．hide B．cancel C．share D．hate 6．A．divided B．will divide C．divide D．are dividing 7．A．hobbies B．cultures C．diets D．paintings 8．A．build B．break C．miss D．avoid 9．A．until B．if C．though D．after 10．A．silence B．anger C．communication D．pressure Passage 3 Today, visiting museums has become a hot trend (趋势) with youngsters. During the holidays, many young Chinese are interested in inviting their friends to visit 1 and enjoy the charm (魅力) of traditional culture. Watching exhibitions has gradually become a (n) 2 social activity for young people. Museum lovers feel that museums bring history back to 3 . Visiting museums is like going deep into the 4 of history and the environment in which our ancestors were born and lived. To attract 5 , many museums have also made cultural and creative products such as mystery boxes with different themes. Thanks 6 technological development, more and more museums can use modern tools such as 3D projection and AR glasses to show cultural relics and 7 traditional Chinese culture. However, some experts begin to worry about it, 8 more and more young people rush to visit museums. Do these young people who go into museums just want to blindly 9 the trend in order to have fun? Whether the history knowledge can really benefit them or just leave few impressions on them, it is a question. What do you 10 of the “Museum Fever”? 1．A．parks B．banks C．schools D．museums 2．A．awful B．painful C．popular D．private 3．A．life B．form C．death D．modest 4．A．fact B．hill C．event D．world 5．A．visitors B．countries C．parties D．criminals 6．A．to B．in C．with D．for 7．A．avoid B．invent C．spread D．interview 8．A．so B．since C．unless D．although 9．A．kick B．break C．leave D．follow 10．A．look B．think C．set D．pull Passage 4 In China, the Spring Festival celebration is never complete without oranges. The 1 fruit can not only be used to decorate homes, but also 2 as a good snack for visitors because people can peel them easily. The popularity of the fruit during the festive season has a 3 history. As early as the Qing Dynasty, Chinese parents would place fruit like oranges or persimmons (柿子) beside children’s pillows (枕头) with red envelopes (红包). The tradition was meant to 4 bad things. There are many 5 why oranges have been considered as such a lucky symbol. A main reason comes from the 6 . The Mandarin (普通话) pronunciation of the fruit 7 the Chinese word ji. What’s more, the golden color and round shape of oranges are also 8 seen as symbols of wealth and happiness. Today, the tradition of giving oranges during Chinese New Year has also 9 to Southeast Asian countries. Oranges are exchanged between relatives to show good 10 . Oranges have truly become a must-have during the festival. 1．A．sweet B．expensive C．mad D．central 2．A．return B．shine C．realize D．serve 3．A．terrible B．short C．long D．new 4．A．prevent B．push C．repair D．imagine 5．A．suggestions B．reasons C．results D．chances 6．A．grammars B．mistakes C．speed D．pronunciation 7．A．turns to B．sounds like C．thinks about D．talks back 8．A．hardly B．wisely C．widely D．carefully 9．A．spread B．included C．meant D．noticed 10．A．matches B．letters C．gifts D．wishes Passage 5 Family traditions are precious treasures for every family. They 1 from generation to generation and keep family members connected. Long ago, our ancestors created many meaningful customs. People would 2 together to hold small ceremonies to remember their ancestors. They would prepare big feasts and 3 houses with festive things. These habits were slowly passed down to later 4 . Now many young people live far away from home, but they still try their best to go back for family 5 . Traditions build strong emotional 6 . They carry warm memories and teach us to 7 the old and love the young. Some old traditions change a little with time, but their core meaning never 8 . It is our duty 9 these wonderful traditions well. If we keep carrying them on, our family culture will live on and stay 10 forever. 1．A．pass B．are passed C．passed D．were passing 2．A．gather B．divide C．escape D．hide 3．A．fill B．cover C．decorate D．mix 4．A．generation B．generations C．people D．person 5．A．reunion B．meal C．tour D．study 6．A．food B．bonds C．clothes D．tools 7．A．laugh at B．look down C．respect D．doubt 8．A．change B．changes C．changing D．changed 9．A．keep B．to keep C．keeping D．kept 10．A．alive B．dead C．boring D．difficult Passage 6 阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Culture is all around us. It 1 how we live, what we eat, and how we communicate. But what exactly is culture? Different people have different 2 about it. Some people think culture is about traditions and festivals. 3 say it is about language and art. Others believe culture is about 4 people treat each other. In fact, culture includes all of these things. One important thing about culture is that it is not 5 . It changes over time. As society develops, culture also 6 . New ideas and customs are added, while others disappear. This is why it is important to 7 a balance between tradition and modernity. Culture also 8 from place to place. People in different countries have different ways of living. Learning about other cultures can help us 9 each other better. It can also make the world a more 10 place. 1．A．forces B．influences C．ignores D．avoids 2．A．ideas B．problems C．questions D．difficulties 3．A．Other B．Another C．Others D．The other 4．A．what B．how C．when D．where 5．A．fixed B．interesting C．simple D．common 6．A．appears B．remains C．fails D．develops 7．A．break B．find C．lose D．destroy 8．A．keeps B．comes C．differs D．protects 9．A．judge B．understand C．correct D．forget 10．A．peaceful B．dangerous C．complex D．separate Passage 7 阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Last summer, I had the chance to visit a friend’s home in Japan. It was my 1 time visiting a Japanese family. I was a little 2 because I didn’t know much about Japanese customs. My friend Yuki told me to take off my 3 before entering the house. I did as she said. Inside, I saw that the floor was very clean. Yuki’s mother prepared a 4 meal for us. We sat on cushions around a low table. I tried to use chopsticks 5 , but I dropped some food. Everyone smiled and said it was 6 . After dinner, I offered to help wash the 7 , but Yuki’s mother said it was not necessary. She told me I was a 8 and should relax. Before I left, I wrote a thank-you 9 to Yuki’s family. They were very happy. I learned that being polite and 10 is important in any culture. 1．A．first B．second C．third D．last 2．A．excited B．relaxed C．nervous D．bored 3．A．hat B．shoes C．coat D．glasses 4．A．simple B．terrible C．delicious D．strange 5．A．badly B．correctly C．quickly D．slowly 6．A．rude B．wrong C．dangerous D．okay 7．A．clothes B．dishes C．windows D．floors 8．A．host B．cook C．guest D．student 9．A．letter B．gift C．note D．card 10．A．respectful B．careless C．loud D．proud Passage 8 阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项 China is a country with a 1 culture. There are 56 ethnic groups, and each group has its 2 customs. The Han ethnic group is the 3 , but the minority groups also contribute greatly to Chinese culture. For example, the Miao people are famous for their 4 silver jewelry and embroidery. They 5 beautiful clothes during festivals. The Yi people have a tradition of lighting torches during their 6 festival. The Zhuang people are known for their 7 songs and dances. These different cultures make China 8 and colourful. They also show that 9 we come from different backgrounds, we share the same country and the same 10 . 1．A．simple B．rich C．poor D．boring 2．A．own B．same C．common D．similar 3．A．smallest B．largest C．oldest D．youngest 4．A．cheap B．ugly C．beautiful D．heavy 5．A．wear B．wash C．sell D．buy 6．A．school B．traditional C．sports D．music 7．A．quiet B．loud C．lively D．sad 8．A．peaceful B．united C．diverse D．strong 9．A．although B．because C．unless D．so 10．A．food B．history C．language D．home Passage 9 When I first arrived in Britain, I was 1 by the way people greeted each other. They seemed so reserved. At school, my classmates said “Hello” or “Good morning” but didn’t talk 2 . They were polite but kept their 3 . One day, I accidentally bumped into someone in the hallway. I was about to say sorry, 4 the other person said it first! I thought it was quite 5 . Later, I learned that saying “sorry” is a 6 in Britain. Even if it’s not your fault, you still say it to show politeness. I also noticed that people stand in 7 everywhere. They wait calmly for their turn. I once tried to join the queue at a bus stop, but I stood in the 8 place. A kind old man pointed me to the back of the line. I felt a bit 9 , but I understood that queuing is an important custom. Now I am used to these manners. I think they help people 10 each other and make life more peaceful. 1．A．surprised B．bored C．excited D．angry 2．A．much B．little C．often D．soon 3．A．hands B．distance C．promises D．secrets 4．A．because B．but C．so D．although 5．A．terrible B．sad C．amusing D．boring 6．A．rule B．habit C．choice D．challenge 7．A．queues B．circles C．lines D．crowds 8．A．right B．safe C．wrong D．best 9．A．proud B．relaxed C．embarrassed D．satisfied 10．A．ignore B．respect C．avoid D．correct Passage 10 阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Last summer, I went to Canada for a student exchange program. I was very 1 because it was my first time abroad. When I arrived, I noticed many 2 between Chinese and Canadian customs. One day, my Canadian friend 3 my English and said it was excellent. I felt 4 and said, “No, no, my English still needs improvement.” My friend looked 5 and didn’t know what to say. Later, I learned that in Canada, people just say “Thank you” when they are 6 . Another time, we went to a restaurant. I wanted to 7 the cost, but my friend insisted on treating me. In Canada, people often take turns paying, but they also like to invite guests. These experiences taught me that 8 cultural differences is important. 9 we may have different customs, we can still be friends. I learned to be more 10 and open-minded. I really enjoyed my time in Canada. 1．A．excited B．worried C．bored D．angry 2．A．similarities B．differences C．problems D．advantages 3．A．praised B．criticized C．ignored D．doubted 4．A．proud B．shy C．confident D．happy 5．A．pleased B．relaxed C．confused D．excited 6．A．praised B．asked C．invited D．paid 7．A．share B．avoid C．increase D．reduce 8．A．creating B．ignoring C．understanding D．avoiding 9．A．Although B．Because C．Unless D．So 10．A．strict B．serious C．modest D．respectful 培优拔高·挑战攻坚 Passage 1 阅读短文，理解其大意，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Chinese food is very famous in the world. Chinese people think 1 is one of the most important things during their life. They do not greet each other with “How are you?” but they ask, “Have you eaten?” Since table manners are part of Chinese cooking culture, Chinese people still 2 their table manners today. There is a 3 for the “guest of honor” or the oldest person in the family. In most parts of China, the “seat of honor” is 4 the one facing the front door of the room. The “seat of honor” can also be the one in the middle facing east of the room if there is no seat facing the 5 . As for the host, he may take the most 6 seat. It is always the nearest to the kitchen or service door. It is better to sit after the elder or the “guest of honor” 7 . Guests should wait for the host to 8 them to get seated. Chinese people like 9 meals together and they put all the dishes on a round table. There is sometimes a round rotating disc (旋转盘) in the 10 of the dining table. It makes sure that all the diners can enjoy the meal and feel respected. 1．A．knowledge B．money C．food D．weather 2．A．break B．follow C．make D．forget 3．A．game B．ball C．gift D．seat 4．A．never B．usually C．already D．hardly 5．A．wall B．kitchen C．door D．window 6．A．difficult B．expensive C．comfortable D．convenient 7．A．sits down B．turns down C．writes down D．falls down 8．A．order B．invite C．introduce D．encourage 9．A．seeing B．selling C．having D．buying 10．A．east B．west C．center D．top Passage 2 阅读下面的短文，理解大意，然后从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。 Confucius lived in the Kingdom of Lu, part of today’s Shandong Province. September 28th is his birthday. Although he was born over 2,000 years ago, people still 1 him on this day. His childhood was sad. His father 2 when he was only three so he had to work to help his mother. But young Confucius didn’t 3 studying. He visited many famous teachers and learned music, history, poetry and sports from them. Later, Confucius became a teacher and started the first private school in 4 history. At that time, only children from rich families could go to school, but Confucius 5 everyone should go to school if they want to learn. He had about 3,000 students in his lifetime. Today, people still follow his 6 . He told us that each person has something worthy to learn. “When I am with three people, one of them must be 7 than me in some areas. I choose their good qualities (品质) and follow them. I take their bad qualities and change them in myself. ” He also taught us that thinking is very 8 in study. “All study but no thinking makes people puzzled (迷惑). All thinking but no study makes people lazy. ” Confucius is not only a great teacher but also a famous 9 with wise thoughts about the world and society. His most important teachings are about kindness and good manners. “A kind person should care for others. Be strict with yourself, 10 be kind to others,” he said. 1．A．attack B．remember C．explain D．increase 2．A．offered B．lifted C．died D．killed 3．A．put off B．take off C．pick up D．give up 4．A．Chinese B．English C．American D．Indian 5．A．remained B．believed C．solved D．cheered 6．A．photos B．planets C．thoughts D．reasons 7．A．better B．less C．worse D．slower 8．A．successful B．important C．simple D．low 9．A．actor B．doctor C．reader D．thinker 10．A．so B．when C．but D．if Passage 3 Body language is very important in communication. 1 , different cultures have different ways of using it. For example, in Japan, people 2 when they meet. They also bow to say “thank you”, “goodbye”, or “sorry”. In Canada and China, people wave to say “hello” or “goodbye”. Nodding is 3 another interesting example. In China, nodding means agreement. 4 in India, it is the opposite. Nodding means “no”, while shaking the head from side to side means “yes”. In most countries, it is bad manners to use your 5 to wave someone to come to you. You should use your whole hand 6 . Understanding these cultural differences is very 7 . It can help you 8 misunderstandings and communicate better. When you 9 to a foreign country, it is a good idea to learn about the local body language. This will help you 10 a good impression and make friends more easily. 1．A．However B．Therefore C．Also D．Instead 2．A．wave B．bow C．nod D．shake 3．A．too B．either C．also D．neither 4．A．So B．But C．Because D．Although 5．A．hand B．arm C．finger D．foot 6．A．instead B．however C．also D．too 7．A．boring B．difficult C．important D．interesting 8．A．cause B．avoid C．create D．start 9．A．travel B．travels C．traveled D．traveling 10．A．make B．do C．take D．give Passage 4 It is a Chinese custom that when guests visit, the first thing a host does is make and serve them 1 . Tea is made of the young leaves of a tea tree. According to the particular 2 the Chinese use to process the leaves, there are 3 kinds of tea: green tea, oolong, flower tea, black tea and compressed tea. Among 4 , green tea is the most popular. The time to 5 the tea is very important. For example, Longjing, one kind of the best green tea, is gathered several days before Tomb Sweeping Day 6 new leaves have just begun to grow. Although Chinese people drink tea daily, there are 7 between tea drinking and tea tasting. People who drink tea might just do this because they are 8 . Tea tasting, on the other hand, has cultural meanings. Tasting is 9 the shape, flavor,color and the freshness of tea. The water is also important. In China, people consider spring (泉) water from famous 10 springs the best. The ancestors thought of tea as a drink which can refresh and calm themselves. Tea is also a symbol of elegance (优雅). Tea tasting has something to do with the idea of harmony with nature. 1．A．water B．milk C．tea D．food 2．A．ways B．stories C．secrets D．places 3．A．three B．five C．four D．two 4．A．us B．them C．you D．it 5．A．drink B．cook C．pick D．heat 6．A．before B．after C．when D．until 7．A．stories B．similarities C．differences D．articles 8．A．busy B．free C．thirsty D．hungry 9．A．watching B．enjoying C．guessing D．comparing 10．A．natural B．far C．beautiful D．big Passage 5 Do you know the lion dance? It’s part of traditional Chinese culture. Normally, people perform it on Chuxi‑the     1     of the Chinese New Year. They also perform it for other happy moments. The lion dance is believed to bring good luck and success. People of all ages like     2     this traditional Chinese culture. There are many different stories about how the lion dance     3    . One of them is like this. Hundreds of years ago, a monster called Nian came to a village in China. The villagers were     4     because it ate humans. Luckily, a lion chased (追逐) Nian away. A year later, Nian came back again,     5     this time the lion couldn’t help them anymore. The villagers had to     6     themselves. So they made a “lion” by themselves. Their “Lion” danced, jumped and chased Nian away. For this     7     , people began to perform the lion dance before the Spring Festival to chase bad luck away. There are two different kinds of lion dances. In the southern lion dance, the dancers try     8     to perform like a real lion. Their “lion” may shake its body. The dance can be funny. The other kind is the     9     lion dance. It has more kung fu skills like rolling and jumping. Both the southern and northern kinds are very interesting to watch, but it takes a lot of practice to perform well. Both kinds are used to     10     the blessing (祝福). 1．A．week B．eve C．day D．month 2．A．stealing B．treating C．admiring D．reviewing 3．A．disappeared B．began C．celebrated D．finished 4．A．excited B．bored C．scared D．surprised 5．A．unless B．although C．but D．if 6．A．depend on B．agree on C．try on D．put on 7．A．name B．reason C．mistake D．result 8．A．hardly B．hard C．secretly D．nearly 9．A．eastern B．southern C．northern D．western 10．A．express B．train C．change D．accept Passage 6 Have you ever visited an ancient museum? Ancient relics are silent witnesses of the past. Many relics date back to thousands of years ago. They carry stories 1 we cannot hear directly. Archaeologists spend years digging and researching 2 they can unlock ancient mysteries. Some relics are 3 amazing that they surprise the whole world. Sanxingdui is one of them. People found strange golden masks and other works there. It is such a great discovery 4 more and more people want to know about the ancient culture. History is not just old stories in books. It teaches us useful lessons. We study history 5 we can understand how our culture developed. However, some ancient culture is in danger. We must protect cultural relics 6 future generations can also enjoy them. Now museums try new creative ways to show history. They use digital technology 7 young people become more interested in the past. Many teenagers go to museums and share their feelings online. Some people say the past has gone and is useless. That is not true. The past passing by leaves valuable experience. We look back at history 8 we can avoid the same mistakes. History is a treasure. It is 9 important that every student should learn basic history knowledge. Let’s take action to learn and 10 our wonderful culture. 1．A．what B．that C．who D．whose 2．A．so that B．as long as C．even though D．as if 3．A．so B．such C．quite D．rather 4．A．that B．though C．if D．when 5．A．because B．so that C．while D．after 6．A．in order to B．so that C．such that D．as soon as 7．A．so that B．though C．until D．unless 8．A．so that B．even if C．as long as D．ever since 9．A．such B．so C．too D．enough 10．A．pass on B．give up C．take away D．turn down Passage 7 Every country has different kinds of flowers. Plum (梅) is a kind of beautiful flower in China. And it is considered as the number one of the Chinese top ten famous 1 . Plum flower first 2 in the south of China around the Yangtze River dating back to 7, 000 years ago. From ancient China till now, plum flower has been planted not only as a (n) 3 kind of economic crop but also a kind of ornamental (观赏的) plant. Later, it was 4 to Japan, Korea and Vietnam. More importantly, we love plum flower also because of deep cultural 5 . First, this kind of flower has five petals (花瓣). It stands for happiness, good luck and long life. It can also stand for safety and peace. Second, all the other flowers fall when a heavy 6 covers the world. However, 7 plum trees stand straight up, and proudly bloom (开花) in rich colors in such snowy days. They bring people the news of 8 spring. So the plum flower is not only the symbol of courage, strong will and hope, but also beauty and new life. Third, it plays an important 9 in Chinese literature (文学). It has often been 10 in Chinese poetry and art for centuries. 1．A．flowers B．trees C．houses D．forests 2．A．remained B．appeared C．smelled D．managed 3．A．necessary B．important C．pleasant D．boring 4．A．built B．made C．introduced D．developed 5．A．price B．meaning C．difference D．truth 6．A．rain B．wind C．snow D．storm 7．A．already B．such C．only D．very 8．A．early B．late C．middle D．cold 9．A．side B．task C．level D．role 10．A．praised B．punished C．thought D．prepared Passage 8 Ladies and gentlemen, today we talk about teenage folk art lovers. Many high school     1     take part in puppet shows as young     2    . Some people think puppetry is old‑fashioned,     3     they will not understand its beauty unless they watch the performance. A girl posted puppet videos online, and her page     4     with warm messages from viewers abroad. She decides to hold on and shoulder the responsibility of passing down folk arts. As a volunteer in a group, she reports art stories and inspires other youth’s     5    . One day she saw an eagle with scaled claws on the     6     of a valley. It roared wildly and burst out from hidden dust. This scene gave her new     7     to create puppet works. We young people are independent creators. Our nation’s traditional arts lie in our     8    . We have enough     9     to be good creators and     10     this precious culture. 1．A．teenagers B．gentlemen C．scarecrows D．strangers 2．A．creators B．performers C．educators D．volunteers 3．A．and B．so C．but D．or 4．A．is flooded B．holds on C．shoulders D．deals 5．A．blood B．creativity C．dust D．courage 6．A．edge B．fence C．wing D．top 7．A．attention B．wealth C．inspiration D．knowledge 8．A．blood B．valley C．claw D．mind 9．A．dust B．energy C．eagle D．spirit 10．A．scare B．kill C．protect D．learn 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5 Culture shapes us 完形填空题型专练（话题：人与社会—文化） 热点题型概览 核心模块 具体内容说明 题型解读 1. 中考完形填空标准设置：一篇短文 10 个单选题，词汇覆盖名词、动词、形容词、副词、介词、连词、情态动词、固定搭配； 2. 上下文逻辑、文化常识、词义辨析为核心考点； 3. 全篇围绕“人与社会 — 文化”主题命题，涵盖传统节日、民间艺术、饮食礼仪、中外文化差异、民族文化、文物与历史人物等素材。 解题技巧 1. 通读全文抓主旨，把握本篇核心 “文化传承、跨文化交际、民俗习俗”； 2. 优先辨析固定搭配、介词、连词、非谓语动词； 3. 结合文化常识排除错误选项； 4. 区分近义形容词 / 副词、动词短语； 5. 梳理转折、因果、条件、让步逻辑连词； 6. 最后回读核对全文语句通顺、逻辑自洽。 命题预测 - 单元话题 围绕传统节日习俗、民间艺术（舞狮、木偶戏、茶艺）、餐桌礼仪、中外跨文化交际差异、少数民族特色文化、文物保护、历史先贤思想、传统文学等出题；侧重考查学生对中华优秀传统文化的理解，以及尊重不同地域文化的意识。 命题预测 - 核心考点 高频考点：非谓语动词、定语从句引导词、情态动词、动名词固定句型、时间 / 条件 / 让步连词、形容词副词辨析、被动语态、固定短语搭配。 题型夯基提升 巩固基础·专项突破 Passage 1 Can you imagine a world without books, newspapers, or magazines? All of these things depend on one   1 — papermaking. In ancient China, many different materials were used to write 2 , such as animal bones, bronze wares, stones, wood, bamboo, and even silk. In the Western Han Dynasty, there was 3 a very early form of paper made from jute. However, all of these materials were either difficult to use and store 4 very expensive. As the head officer of the palace workshop, Cai Lun became interested in 5 to solve the problem. From past experiences, he got the idea that bark, certain plants, and old clothes could be used to make a special material 6 to write on. In the first step of Cai Lun’s experiment, all the ingredients were mixed and 7 in water. Then, this material was beaten, cut up, and mixed with water again. Next, the liquid was poured over a bamboo screen, 8 just the fibre. Finally, this fibre was dried and pressed to form paper. 9 everyone’s surprise, this paper was soft, light, easy to make and use, and most importantly, cheap. The papermaking technique did not only speed up the development of civilization in China 10 also around the world. 1．A．invention B．inventor C．invitation D．interview 2．A．in B．on C．at D．for 3．A．also B．too C．either D．neither 4．A．and B．so C．or D．but 5．A．try B．tried C．trying D．to try 6．A．suit B．suited C．suiting D．suitable 7．A．boil B．boiled C．boiling D．to boil 8．A．leave B．left C．leaving D．to leave 9．A．In B．On C．At D．To 10．A．and B．but C．so D．or 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．C 6．D 7．B 8．C 9．D 10．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国古代四大发明之一——造纸术的发明历程，从早期书写材料到蔡伦改进造纸术的过程，以及造纸术对世界文明发展的深远影响。 【详解】1．句意：所有这些东西都依赖于一项发明——造纸术。根据下文“papermaking”及备选词汇可知，这里指的是造纸术是一项“发明”，应用invention。inventor意为“发明家”，invitation意为“邀请”，interview意为“采访”，均不符合语境。 2．句意：在中国古代，许多不同的材料被用来书写，比如兽骨、青铜器、石头、木头、竹子，甚至丝绸。根据“write”及备选词汇可知，此处考查固定搭配write on，意为“在……上面书写”，表示在这些材料表面上写字，应用on。in意为“在……里面”，at意为“在（某处）”，for意为“为了”，均不与write搭配表示“书写在材料上”。 3．句意：在西汉时期，也有一种非常早期的由黄麻制成的纸。根据备选词汇及肯定句句中位置可知，此处表示“也”，应用also。too用于肯定句句末，either用于否定句句末，neither表示“两者都不”，均不符合语法位置或语境。 4．句意：然而，所有这些材料要么难以使用和储存，要么非常昂贵。根据“either”及备选词汇可知，此处考查固定搭配either…or…，意为“要么……要么……”，应用or。and意为“和”，so意为“所以”，but意为“但是”，均不与either构成固定搭配。 5．句意：蔡伦对尝试解决这个问题产生了兴趣。根据“became interested in”及备选词汇可知，in为介词，后接动名词作宾语，应用trying。try为动词原形，tried为过去式/过去分词，to try为不定式，均不符合介词后接动名词的语法要求。 6．句意：从过去的经验中，他想到树皮、某些植物和旧衣服可以用来制造一种适合书写的特殊材料。根据“to write on”及备选词汇可知，此处需用形容词作后置定语修饰material，表示“适合书写的”，应用suitable。suit为动词，suited为过去式/过去分词，suiting为动名词/现在分词，均不能作形容词表示“适合的”。 7．句意：在蔡伦实验的第一步中，所有原料被混合并在水中煮沸。根据“were mixed and”及备选词汇可知，and连接两个并列的谓语动词，且主语ingredients与boil之间为被动关系，应用过去分词boiled与mixed构成并列被动结构。boil为动词原形，boiling为现在分词，to boil为不定式，均不符合被动语态的语法要求。 8．句意：接下来，液体被倒在竹帘上，只留下纤维。根据“just the fibre”及备选词汇可知，此处为现在分词作结果状语，表示液体倒完后自然而然“留下”纤维的结果，应用leaving。leave为动词原形，left为过去式/过去分词，to leave为不定式，均不能作结果状语。 9．句意：令每个人惊讶的是，这种纸柔软、轻便、易于制作和使用，最重要的是，便宜。根据“everyone’s surprise”及备选词汇可知，此处考查固定搭配to one’s surprise，意为“令某人惊讶的是”，应用To。In意为“在……里”，On意为“在……上”，At意为“在（某处/某时）”，均不与one’s surprise构成固定搭配。 10．句意：造纸术不仅加快了中国文明的发展，也加快了全世界文明的发展。根据“not only”及备选词汇可知，此处考查固定搭配not only…but also…，意为“不但……而且……”，应用but。and意为“和”，so意为“所以”，or意为“或者”，均不与not only构成固定搭配。 Passage 2 Communication is not just talking. Different cultures have different rules for good talk. Last summer, I joined an international student group project. There were students from Canada, China and Britain. At first, we met lots of 1 because of cultural differences. British students thought it rude to interrupt others, 2 Chinese students liked to give ideas while their partners were talking. A Canadian boy felt upset when we didn’t look at his eyes while listening. He told us eye contact was a basic way to show we were 3 . Our group leader told us a rule: 4 we want to work together smoothly, we need to learn each other’s communication manners. We held a small meeting to 5 our different habits. We decided that everyone would wait until others finished speaking, and make soft eye contact when listening. We also 6 the project work properly according to everyone’s strengths. If someone met a confusing problem, we would sit down and talk it out instead of keeping silent. One month later, our project won the first prize at school. We all realized: good communication does not only mean speaking nicely. It means respecting different 7 and listening with your full heart. If you only care about your own thoughts and refuse to understand others, you will never 8 a good relationship with your partners. Even small misunderstandings can grow big 9 you don’t clear them up in time. Always remember: every successful team is built on open and honest 10 . 1．A．happiness B．misunderstandings C．activities D．suggestions 2．A．while B．if C．unless D．because 3．A．bored B．careless C．interested D．lazy 4．A．Unless B．If C．Though D．Before 5．A．hide B．cancel C．share D．hate 6．A．divided B．will divide C．divide D．are dividing 7．A．hobbies B．cultures C．diets D．paintings 8．A．build B．break C．miss D．avoid 9．A．until B．if C．though D．after 10．A．silence B．anger C．communication D．pressure 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．B 8．A 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文讲述了作者去年夏天参加国际学生小组项目时，因文化差异产生误解，后通过沟通学会尊重不同文化习惯，最终项目获奖的故事，传达了良好沟通在于尊重差异和用心倾听的道理。 【详解】1．句意：起初，因为文化差异，我们遇到了很多误解。 根据上下文可知，来自不同国家的学生在一起，由于文化差异，起初很容易产生摩擦或误会。happiness意为“快乐”，activities意为“活动”，suggestions意为“建议”，均不符合语境；misunderstandings意为“误解”，符合因文化差异导致沟通不畅的语境。 2．句意：英国学生认为打断别人是不礼貌的，然而中国学生喜欢在伙伴说话时给出想法。 根据上下文可知，前半句说英国学生觉得打断别人粗鲁，后半句说中国学生喜欢在别人说话时插话给建议，前后形成鲜明的对比，while在此处表示对比，意为“然而”，符合语境。if意为“如果”，unless意为“除非”，because意为“因为”，逻辑不通。 3．句意：他告诉我们，眼神交流是表明我们感兴趣的基本方式。 根据上下文可知，加拿大男孩因为大家听的时候不看他的眼睛而感到难过，因为在西方文化中，看着对方眼睛通常表示你在认真听，对对方的话题感兴趣，interested意为“感兴趣的”，符合语境。bored意为“无聊的”，careless意为“粗心的”，lazy意为“懒惰的”，均不符合语境。 4．句意：组长告诉我们一个规则：如果我们要想顺利合作，我们需要学习彼此的沟通方式。 根据上下文可知，这是一个条件关系，“想要顺利合作”是前提条件，If意为“如果”，引导条件状语从句，符合语境。Unless意为“除非”，Though意为“虽然”，Before意为“在……之前”，逻辑不符。 5．句意：我们开了一个小会来分享我们不同的习惯。 根据上下文可知，大家坐在一起开会，目的是为了解决之前的误会，让大家了解彼此的不同，share意为“分享”，符合大家交流习惯的语境。hide意为“隐藏”，cancel意为“取消”，hate意为“讨厌”，均不符合语境。 6．句意：我们也根据每个人的长处适当地分配了项目工作。 根据上下文可知，文章讲述的是过去发生的事情，所以时态应用一般过去时，divided是过去式，符合语境。 7．句意：它意味着尊重不同的文化并全心倾听。 根据上下文可知，文章的主题是关于不同国家学生之间的文化交流，cultures意为“文化”，呼应文章开头的“Different cultures”，符合语境。hobbies意为“爱好”，diets意为“饮食”，paintings意为“绘画”，范围太窄或无关。 8．句意：如果你只关心自己的想法而拒绝理解他人，你将永远无法与伙伴建立良好的关系。 根据上下文可知，此处指建立关系，build意为“建立”，搭配relationship符合语境。break意为“破坏”，miss意为“错过”，avoid意为“避免”，均不符合语境。 9．句意：甚至小的误解也会变成大麻烦，如果你不及时澄清它们。 根据上下文可知，这是一个假设的情况，如果不及时处理，小问题会变成大问题，if意为“如果”，引导条件状语从句，符合语境。until意为“直到”，though意为“虽然”，after意为“在……之后”，逻辑不通。 10．句意：永远记住：每一个成功的团队都建立在开放和诚实的沟通之上。 根据上下文可知，文章通篇都在讲沟通，communication意为“沟通”，符合文章主旨。silence意为“沉默”，anger意为“愤怒”，pressure意为“压力”，均不符合语境。 Passage 3 Today, visiting museums has become a hot trend (趋势) with youngsters. During the holidays, many young Chinese are interested in inviting their friends to visit 1 and enjoy the charm (魅力) of traditional culture. Watching exhibitions has gradually become a (n) 2 social activity for young people. Museum lovers feel that museums bring history back to 3 . Visiting museums is like going deep into the 4 of history and the environment in which our ancestors were born and lived. To attract 5 , many museums have also made cultural and creative products such as mystery boxes with different themes. Thanks 6 technological development, more and more museums can use modern tools such as 3D projection and AR glasses to show cultural relics and 7 traditional Chinese culture. However, some experts begin to worry about it, 8 more and more young people rush to visit museums. Do these young people who go into museums just want to blindly 9 the trend in order to have fun? Whether the history knowledge can really benefit them or just leave few impressions on them, it is a question. What do you 10 of the “Museum Fever”? 1．A．parks B．banks C．schools D．museums 2．A．awful B．painful C．popular D．private 3．A．life B．form C．death D．modest 4．A．fact B．hill C．event D．world 5．A．visitors B．countries C．parties D．criminals 6．A．to B．in C．with D．for 7．A．avoid B．invent C．spread D．interview 8．A．so B．since C．unless D．although 9．A．kick B．break C．leave D．follow 10．A．look B．think C．set D．pull 【答案】 1．D 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．A 6．A 7．C 8．B 9．D 10．B 【导语】本文讲述了参观博物馆成为年轻人的一种热潮，博物馆利用科技传播文化，但专家担忧年轻人是否盲目追随潮流及其实际效果。 【详解】1．句意：在假期里，许多中国年轻人喜欢邀请他们的朋友参观博物馆，享受传统文化的魅力。 前文开篇就点明逛博物馆是年轻人的热门趋势，对应语境里年轻人邀请朋友去参观的地点自然是博物馆，museums“博物馆”符合语境。 2．句意：看展览已逐渐成为年轻人的一种流行的社会活动。 前文说逛博物馆是热门趋势，说明看展览已经成为年轻人中很受欢迎的社交活动，popular“受欢迎的”符合语境。 3．句意：博物馆爱好者觉得博物馆让历史重现生机。 这里指博物馆让历史变得鲜活起来，固定搭配bring...back to life“使复活/重现生机”。 4．句意：参观博物馆就像深入到我们的祖先出生和生活的环境和历史世界。 参观博物馆就像是深入探索历史的世界，world“世界”符合语境。 5．句意：为了吸引游客，许多博物馆还制作了不同主题的神秘盒子等文化创意产品。 博物馆制作产品是为了吸引参观者，visitors“游客”符合语境。 6．句意：由于科技的发展，越来越多的博物馆可以使用现代工具来展示文物。 Thanks to意为“多亏了，由于”，这里表示“多亏了科技的发展”。 7．句意：越来越多的博物馆可以运用3D投影、AR眼镜等现代工具来展示文物以及中国传统文化。 展示文物的目的是为了让文化被更多人知晓，传播“spread”符合语境。 8．句意：然而，一些专家开始担心，因为越来越多的年轻人涌向博物馆。 前后句为因果关系，专家担心是因为年轻人涌向博物馆。since引导原因状语从句，表示“因为”；so表结果，unless除非，although虽然，均逻辑不符。 9．句意：这些去博物馆的年轻人只是为了好玩而盲目地追随潮流吗？ 固定搭配follow the trend意思是“跟风、追随潮流”，符合这里说的专家担心年轻人只是盲目跟风玩的语境。 10．句意：你怎么看“博物馆热”？ 固定句型What do you think of...?，用来询问“你认为……怎么样？”，符合文末提问读者对博物馆热看法的语境。 Passage 4 In China, the Spring Festival celebration is never complete without oranges. The 1 fruit can not only be used to decorate homes, but also 2 as a good snack for visitors because people can peel them easily. The popularity of the fruit during the festive season has a 3 history. As early as the Qing Dynasty, Chinese parents would place fruit like oranges or persimmons (柿子) beside children’s pillows (枕头) with red envelopes (红包). The tradition was meant to 4 bad things. There are many 5 why oranges have been considered as such a lucky symbol. A main reason comes from the 6 . The Mandarin (普通话) pronunciation of the fruit 7 the Chinese word ji. What’s more, the golden color and round shape of oranges are also 8 seen as symbols of wealth and happiness. Today, the tradition of giving oranges during Chinese New Year has also 9 to Southeast Asian countries. Oranges are exchanged between relatives to show good 10 . Oranges have truly become a must-have during the festival. 1．A．sweet B．expensive C．mad D．central 2．A．return B．shine C．realize D．serve 3．A．terrible B．short C．long D．new 4．A．prevent B．push C．repair D．imagine 5．A．suggestions B．reasons C．results D．chances 6．A．grammars B．mistakes C．speed D．pronunciation 7．A．turns to B．sounds like C．thinks about D．talks back 8．A．hardly B．wisely C．widely D．carefully 9．A．spread B．included C．meant D．noticed 10．A．matches B．letters C．gifts D．wishes 【答案】 1．A 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．B 6．D 7．B 8．C 9．A 10．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了橘子在中国春节中的重要性、历史渊源及象征意义，并提到该传统已传播至东南亚国家。 【详解】1．句意：这种甜美的水果不仅可以用来装饰房屋，也可以作为招待客人的小吃。 根据常识可知，橘子是甜的。sweet意为“甜的”，符合语境。expensive意为“昂贵的”，mad意为“疯狂的”，central意为“中心的”，均不符合语境。 2．句意：这种水果也可以作为招待客人的小吃。 根据固定搭配serve as，意为“用作，充当”，此处表示橘子还能充当零食供客人享用。return意为“归还”，shine意为“闪耀”，realize意为“意识到”，均不能与“as”构成合理搭配。 3．句意：春节期间这种水果的流行有着悠久的历史。 根据后文“As early as the Qing Dynasty”可知，这一传统可追溯到清朝，说明历史非常悠久。long意为“长久的”，符合语境。terrible意为“可怕的”，short意为“短暂的”，new意为“新的”，均不符合语境。 4．句意：这一传统旨在防止不好的事情发生。 根据后文“bad things”及春节祈福避祸的传统习俗可知，放置橘子是为了驱除不好的事物。prevent 意为“阻止，防止”，符合语境。push意为“推动”，repair意为“修理”，imagine意为“想象”，均不能与祈福避祸的春节习俗相匹配。 5．句意：橘子被视为如此幸运象征有很多原因。 根据后文“A main reason comes from...”可知，下文开始列举原因，因此此处需要名词reasons 表示“原因”。suggestions意为“建议”，results意为“结果”，chances意为“机会”，均不能引出后文的原因列举。 6．句意：一个主要的原因来自发音。 根据后文“The Mandarin pronunciation of the fruit...”可知，这里说的是橘子的普通话发音，pronunciation意为“发音”，符合语境。grammars意为“语法”，mistakes意为“错误”，speed意为“速度”，均与后文的发音解释无关。 7．句意：这种水果的普通话发音听起来像汉字“吉”。 根据句意，橘子的读音与“吉”相似，因此用sounds like表示“听起来像”。turns to意为“转向”，thinks about意为“考虑”，talks back意为“顶嘴”，均不能表达音似的含义。 8．句意：橘子的金色和圆形状也被广泛视为财富和幸福的象征。 根据句意可知，金色和圆形作为吉祥象征是被普遍认可的，因此用widely表示“广泛地”。hardly意为“几乎不”，wisely意为“明智地”，carefully意为“仔细地”，均不能描述人们普遍认同的程度。 9．句意：如今，春节期间送橘子的传统也已传播到东南亚国家。 根据句意，送橘子的习俗从中国传到了东南亚，因此用spread表示“传播，扩散”，符合语境。included意为“包括”，meant意为“意味着”，noticed意为“注意到”，均不能表达传播的含义。 10．句意：亲戚之间互赠橘子以表达美好的祝愿。 固定搭配good wishes意为“美好祝愿”，此处表示人们在节日里互赠橘子来传递祝福，符合语境。matches意为“比赛”，letters意为“信件”，gifts意为“礼物”，均不符合。 Passage 5 Family traditions are precious treasures for every family. They 1 from generation to generation and keep family members connected. Long ago, our ancestors created many meaningful customs. People would 2 together to hold small ceremonies to remember their ancestors. They would prepare big feasts and 3 houses with festive things. These habits were slowly passed down to later 4 . Now many young people live far away from home, but they still try their best to go back for family 5 . Traditions build strong emotional 6 . They carry warm memories and teach us to 7 the old and love the young. Some old traditions change a little with time, but their core meaning never 8 . It is our duty 9 these wonderful traditions well. If we keep carrying them on, our family culture will live on and stay 10 forever. 1．A．pass B．are passed C．passed D．were passing 2．A．gather B．divide C．escape D．hide 3．A．fill B．cover C．decorate D．mix 4．A．generation B．generations C．people D．person 5．A．reunion B．meal C．tour D．study 6．A．food B．bonds C．clothes D．tools 7．A．laugh at B．look down C．respect D．doubt 8．A．change B．changes C．changing D．changed 9．A．keep B．to keep C．keeping D．kept 10．A．alive B．dead C．boring D．difficult 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．B 9．B 10．A 【导语】本文讲述家庭传统的重要性。它们代代相传，连接成员，教会尊老爱幼。我们有责任传承传统，让家族文化永存。 【详解】1．句意：它们代代相传，维系着家庭成员的联系。 主语They与动词pass之间为被动关系，表示“被传递”，且描述一般事实，应用一般现在时的被动语态are passed。pass为原形，passed为过去式，were passing为过去进行时，均不符合被动语态。 2．句意：人们会聚在一起举行小型仪式来纪念祖先。 纪念祖先的仪式需要全家人聚在一起，gather together表示“聚在一起”，符合语境。divide“分开”、escape“逃跑”、hide“隐藏”，均不符合“团聚”的含义。 3．句意：他们准备丰盛的宴席，用喜庆的物品装饰房屋。 表示用节庆物品装饰房屋，decorate houses“装饰房屋”，符合语境。fill“装满”、cover“覆盖”、mix“混合”，均不符合“装饰”的含义。 4．句意：这些习惯被慢慢传给了后代。 根据上文“passed down to later...”以及前文“from generation to generation”的提示，应选用generations表示“后代/世代”，later generations是固定搭配，意为“后代、后世的一代代人”，要用复数形式表示多个世代。generation为单数，people“人们”和person“个人”均不符合“代代相传”的语境。 5．句意：现在许多年轻人离家很远，但他们仍然尽力回家参加家庭聚会。 住得远的年轻人赶回家的目的是参加家庭聚会， family reunion表示“家庭团聚/聚会”，符合语境。meal“餐食”、tour“旅行”、study“学习”，均不符合“家庭团聚”的含义。 6．句意：传统建立牢固的情感纽带。 bonds表示“纽带/联系”，符合“传统维系亲情”的语境。food“食物”、clothes“衣服”、tools“工具”，均不符合语境。 7．句意：它们承载着温暖的回忆，教导我们尊老爱幼。 respect the old表示“尊敬老人”，是固定表达，为传统价值观。laugh at“嘲笑”、look down“轻视”、doubt“怀疑”，均不符合语境。 8．句意：一些旧传统随着时间略有改变，但其核心意义从未改变。 主语“core meaning”为单数，且描述一般事实，应用changes。change为原形，changing为现在分词，changed为过去式，均不符合主谓一致。 9．句意：好好保护这些美好传统是我们的责任。 It is one’s duty to do sth.是固定句型，意为“做某事是某人的责任”，应用不定式to keep。keep为原形，keeping为动名词，kept为过去式，均不符合句型。 10．句意：如果我们继续传承下去，我们的家庭文化将永存。 stay alive表示“保持活力/永存”，符合“文化延续”的语境。dead“死的”、boring“无聊的”、difficult“困难的”，均不符合语境。 Passage 6 阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Culture is all around us. It 1 how we live, what we eat, and how we communicate. But what exactly is culture? Different people have different 2 about it. Some people think culture is about traditions and festivals. 3 say it is about language and art. Others believe culture is about 4 people treat each other. In fact, culture includes all of these things. One important thing about culture is that it is not 5 . It changes over time. As society develops, culture also 6 . New ideas and customs are added, while others disappear. This is why it is important to 7 a balance between tradition and modernity. Culture also 8 from place to place. People in different countries have different ways of living. Learning about other cultures can help us 9 each other better. It can also make the world a more 10 place. 1．A．forces B．influences C．ignores D．avoids 2．A．ideas B．problems C．questions D．difficulties 3．A．Other B．Another C．Others D．The other 4．A．what B．how C．when D．where 5．A．fixed B．interesting C．simple D．common 6．A．appears B．remains C．fails D．develops 7．A．break B．find C．lose D．destroy 8．A．keeps B．comes C．differs D．protects 9．A．judge B．understand C．correct D．forget 10．A．peaceful B．dangerous C．complex D．separate 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．A 6．D 7．B 8．C 9．B 10．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，围绕“文化”这一主题展开论述，涵盖文化的定义、动态演变、地域差异及其对促进相互理解和世界和平的意义。 【详解】1．句意：它影响着我们如何生活、吃什么以及如何交流。 空格在主语“It”之后，需填动词作谓语。后文“how we live, what we eat, and how we communicate”均属文化对生活的影响，因此“influences影响”最贴切。A项“forces强迫”语气过强；C项“ignores忽视”和D项“avoids避免”均与“文化影响生活”的逻辑相悖。 2．句意：不同的人对它有不同看法。 空格在“have different … about it”中，需填名词作宾语。前句问“文化到底是什么？”，后文列举不同人的不同理解，因此“ideas想法、看法”最贴切。B项“problems问题”、C项“questions问题”、D项“difficulties困难”均不能与“关于文化”构成“不同理解”的语义。 3．句意：另一些人说它是关于语言和艺术的。 前句“Some people think...”与后文“Others believe...”构成“Some…Others…”结构，表示“一些人……另一些人……”。A项“Other”后需接名词；B项“Another”指“另一个”；D项“The other”指两者中的另一个，均不符合“Some…Others…”的固定搭配。 4．句意：另一些人认为文化是关于人们如何对待彼此的。 空格引导宾语从句，修饰“treat each other”的方式。从句已有主语“people”和谓语“treat”，缺方式状语，因此用“how”。A项“what”作主语/宾语，C项“when”表时间，D项“where”表地点，均不符合“方式”的语义。 5．句意：文化的一个重要特点是它不是一成不变的。 空格在“is not”之后，需填形容词作表语。后文“It changes over time.”直接说明文化是变化的，因此“fixed”（固定的）与后文形成语义对比。B项“interesting有趣的”、C项“simple简单的”、D项“common共同的”均无法与后文“变化”构成逻辑呼应。 6．句意：随着社会发展，文化也会发展。 空格在主语“culture”后，需填动词作谓语。前句“It changes over time.”与后文“New ideas and customs are added”均说明文化在“发展”，因此“develops发展”最贴切。A项“appears出现”侧重“新出现”，C项“fails失败”语义相反，B项“remains保持”与“变化”矛盾。 7．句意：这就是为什么在传统与现代之间找到平衡很重要。 空格在“to … a balance”中，需填动词与“balance”搭配。固定搭配“find a balance”表示“找到平衡”，符合“传统与现代之间”的语境。A项“break打破”、C项“lose失去”、D项“destroy摧毁”均不能与“balance”构成合理搭配。 8．句意：文化也因地而异。 空格在“Culture also … from place to place”中，需填动词作谓语。后文“People in different countries have different ways of living.”直接说明文化不同，因此“differs不同”与“from…to…”搭配，表示“因地而异”。A项“keeps”需接“from”表“阻止”，B项“comes”与“from”表“来自”，D项“protects”表“保护”，均不符合。 9．句意：了解其他文化可以帮助我们更好地相互理解。 空格在“help us … each other”中，需填动词原形。前文提到文化差异，后文说“make the world more peaceful”，因此“understand理解”是促进和平的前提。A项“judge评判”、C项“correct纠正”、D项“forget忘记”均与“促进理解”的逻辑不符。 10．句意：它也能让世界变得更加和平。 空格在“make the world a more … place”中，需填形容词作宾补。前文“understand each other better”是促进和平的手段，因此“peaceful和平的”最贴切。B项“dangerous危险的”、C项“complex复杂的”、D项“separate分离的”均与“互相理解”的积极结果矛盾。 Passage 7 阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Last summer, I had the chance to visit a friend’s home in Japan. It was my 1 time visiting a Japanese family. I was a little 2 because I didn’t know much about Japanese customs. My friend Yuki told me to take off my 3 before entering the house. I did as she said. Inside, I saw that the floor was very clean. Yuki’s mother prepared a 4 meal for us. We sat on cushions around a low table. I tried to use chopsticks 5 , but I dropped some food. Everyone smiled and said it was 6 . After dinner, I offered to help wash the 7 , but Yuki’s mother said it was not necessary. She told me I was a 8 and should relax. Before I left, I wrote a thank-you 9 to Yuki’s family. They were very happy. I learned that being polite and 10 is important in any culture. 1．A．first B．second C．third D．last 2．A．excited B．relaxed C．nervous D．bored 3．A．hat B．shoes C．coat D．glasses 4．A．simple B．terrible C．delicious D．strange 5．A．badly B．correctly C．quickly D．slowly 6．A．rude B．wrong C．dangerous D．okay 7．A．clothes B．dishes C．windows D．floors 8．A．host B．cook C．guest D．student 9．A．letter B．gift C．note D．card 10．A．respectful B．careless C．loud D．proud 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．B 4．C 5．B 6．D 7．B 8．C 9．C 10．A 【导语】本文讲述作者去年夏天去日本朋友家做客的经历，了解了脱鞋、用餐等习俗，体会到礼貌和尊重的重要性。 【详解】1．句意：这是我第一次拜访日本家庭。 根据后文“because I didn’t know much about Japanese customs”可知，这是初次体验。其他选项不符合语境逻辑。 2．句意：我有点紧张，因为我不太了解日本习俗。 根据“不了解习俗”可知心理状态应为紧张，excited“兴奋”、relaxed“放松”、bored“无聊”均不符合语境。 3．句意：朋友Yuki告诉我进屋前脱下我的鞋子。 根据后文“地板非常干净”及日本进屋脱鞋的常识可知。其他物品无需进屋脱掉。 4．句意：Yuki的妈妈为我们准备了一顿美味的饭菜。 招待客人通常准备美食，且下文氛围愉快。其他选项不符合待客之道。 5．句意：我试图正确地使用筷子，但我掉了一些食物。 根据转折连词“but”及“掉了食物”可知，本意是想用对。其他选项无法构成转折逻辑。 6．句意：大家都微笑着说没关系。 根据“smiled”可知大家态度友善，包容失误。其他选项均为负面评价，不符合语境。 7．句意：晚饭后，我主动提出帮忙洗碗。 根据“After dinner”及生活常识，饭后通常清洗餐具。其他选项不符合饭后场景。 8．句意：她告诉我我是客人，应该放松。 根据前文“visit a friend’s home”可知作者身份是访客。其他选项身份不符。 9．句意：离开前，我给Yuki的家人写了一张感谢条。 thank-you note为固定搭配，指简短的感谢信。write a gift搭配不当，card通常指贺卡。 10．句意：我学到在任何文化中礼貌和尊重都很重要。 根据“polite and”可知需填褒义词，且与文化礼仪相关。其他选项不符合礼貌主题。 Passage 8 阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项 China is a country with a 1 culture. There are 56 ethnic groups, and each group has its 2 customs. The Han ethnic group is the 3 , but the minority groups also contribute greatly to Chinese culture. For example, the Miao people are famous for their 4 silver jewelry and embroidery. They 5 beautiful clothes during festivals. The Yi people have a tradition of lighting torches during their 6 festival. The Zhuang people are known for their 7 songs and dances. These different cultures make China 8 and colourful. They also show that 9 we come from different backgrounds, we share the same country and the same 10 . 1．A．simple B．rich C．poor D．boring 2．A．own B．same C．common D．similar 3．A．smallest B．largest C．oldest D．youngest 4．A．cheap B．ugly C．beautiful D．heavy 5．A．wear B．wash C．sell D．buy 6．A．school B．traditional C．sports D．music 7．A．quiet B．loud C．lively D．sad 8．A．peaceful B．united C．diverse D．strong 9．A．although B．because C．unless D．so 10．A．food B．history C．language D．home 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．C 9．A 10．D 【导语】本文介绍了中国56个民族的文化多样性。汉族人口最多，少数民族如苗族、彝族等也有独特习俗。不同文化使中国多彩，大家共享同一个家园。 【详解】1．句意：中国是一个有着丰富文化的国家。 根据后文提到“There are 56 ethnic groups,” ，可知文化是“丰富的”，rich“丰富的”符合语境。simple“简单的”，poor“贫穷的”，boring“无聊的”，不符合中国文化的实际情况。 2．句意：有56个民族，每个民族都有自己的风俗习惯。 根据“each group”可知强调独特性，表达每个民族都有自己的风俗习惯，own“自己的”符合语境。same“相同的”，common“共同的”，similar“相似的”，无法体现各民族的独特性。 3．句意：汉族是最大的民族，但少数民族也为中国文化做出了巨大贡献。 根据常识及后文“but the minority groups”，可知汉族人口“最多/最大”，largest“最大的”符合语境。smallest“最小的”，oldest“最老的”，youngest“最年轻的”，与事实不符。 4．句意：例如，苗族人以他们美丽的银饰和刺绣而闻名。 根据“famous for”及语境褒义色彩，应选beautiful“美丽的”。cheap“便宜的”，ugly“丑陋的”，heavy“重的”，含贬义或不符合语境。 5．句意：他们在节日期间穿漂亮的衣服。 根据“clothes”可知，是穿衣服，wear“穿”符合语境。wash“洗”，sell“卖”，buy“买”，不符合节日庆祝场景。 6．句意：彝族人有在传统节日期间点火把的传统。 根据“tradition”可知是“传统的”节日，traditional“传统的”符合语境。school“学校”，sports“运动”，music“音乐”，与点火把习俗无直接逻辑联系。 7．句意：壮族人以他们活泼的歌曲和舞蹈而闻名。 根据“songs and dances”及节日氛围，可知歌舞是鲜活热闹、富有感染力的，lively表示“生动活泼的”符合语境。quiet“安静的”，loud“大声的”，sad“悲伤的”，不符合庆祝语境。 8．句意：这些不同的文化使中国多样且多彩。 根据“different cultures”可知，不同的文化使国家变得“多样”，diverse“多样的”符合语境。peaceful“和平的”，united“团结的”，strong“强壮的”，不能直接由“不同文化”推导得出。 9．句意：它们也表明，虽然我们来自不同背景，但我们共享同一个国家和同一个家园。 前后句意为转折让步关系，用although“尽管”引导让步状语从句。because“因为”，unless“除非”，so“所以”，逻辑不通。 10．句意：它们也表明，虽然我们来自不同背景，但我们共享同一个国家和同一个家园。 对应前文“共享同一个国家”的语境，这里引申为我们共有同一个家园，home“家园”符合语境。food“食物”，history“历史”，language“语言”，不符合语境。 Passage 9 When I first arrived in Britain, I was 1 by the way people greeted each other. They seemed so reserved. At school, my classmates said “Hello” or “Good morning” but didn’t talk 2 . They were polite but kept their 3 . One day, I accidentally bumped into someone in the hallway. I was about to say sorry, 4 the other person said it first! I thought it was quite 5 . Later, I learned that saying “sorry” is a 6 in Britain. Even if it’s not your fault, you still say it to show politeness. I also noticed that people stand in 7 everywhere. They wait calmly for their turn. I once tried to join the queue at a bus stop, but I stood in the 8 place. A kind old man pointed me to the back of the line. I felt a bit 9 , but I understood that queuing is an important custom. Now I am used to these manners. I think they help people 10 each other and make life more peaceful. 1．A．surprised B．bored C．excited D．angry 2．A．much B．little C．often D．soon 3．A．hands B．distance C．promises D．secrets 4．A．because B．but C．so D．although 5．A．terrible B．sad C．amusing D．boring 6．A．rule B．habit C．choice D．challenge 7．A．queues B．circles C．lines D．crowds 8．A．right B．safe C．wrong D．best 9．A．proud B．relaxed C．embarrassed D．satisfied 10．A．ignore B．respect C．avoid D．correct 【答案】 1．A 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．C 6．B 7．A 8．C 9．C 10．B 【导语】本文讲述了作者初到英国时，对当地问候、道歉及排队等礼仪文化的惊讶与适应过程，体现了文化差异。 【详解】1．句意：当我第一次到达英国时，我对人们互相问候的方式感到惊讶。 根据后文“They seemed so reserved”可知英国人的表现与作者预期不同，令人惊讶，应选surprised“惊讶的”。bored“无聊的”；excited“兴奋的”；angry“生气的”情感色彩与语境不符。 2．句意：他们说“你好”或“早安”，但不太会说太多话。 根据“reserved”可知交流不多，didn’t talk much符合语境，应选much“多”。little“几乎没有”双重否定表肯定，不符；often“经常”；soon“很快”语意不通。 3．句意：他们很有礼貌但保持距离。 keep their distance为固定搭配，意为“保持距离”，符合保守的语境，应选distance“距离”。hands“手”；promises“承诺”；secrets“秘密”搭配不当且语意不符。 4．句意：我正要道歉，但对方先说了！ 前后句意存在转折关系，作者预期自己道歉，事实相反，应选but“但是”。because“因为”；so“所以”表因果，although“虽然”表让步，逻辑不符。 5．句意：我觉得这相当有趣。 对于这种文化差异，作者感到新奇有趣，非负面情绪，应选amusing“有趣的”。terrible“糟糕的”；sad“伤心的”；boring“无聊的”均为负面形容词，不符语境。 6．句意：后来我了解到说“对不起”在英国是一种习惯。 即使不是自己的错也说“对不起”，说明是社交习惯，非强制规则，应选habit“习惯”。rule“规则”太强硬；choice“选择”；challenge“挑战”不符语境。 7．句意：我也注意到人们到处排队。 stand in queues意为“排队”，下文“join the queue”有原词提示，应选queues“队列”。circles“圆圈”；lines“线条”；crowds“人群”不符合排队语境。 8．句意：我曾经试图在公交车站排队，但我站错了位置。 老人指我去后面，说明我之前站的位置不对，应选wrong“错误的”。right“正确的”；best“最好的”与事实相反；safe“安全的”无关语境。 9．句意：我感到有点尴尬。 当众被纠正错误通常会感到尴尬，应选embarrassed“尴尬的”。proud“骄傲的”；relaxed“放松的”；satisfied“满意的”情感色彩不符，无法体现出错后的心情。 10．句意：我认为它们帮助人们互相尊重，使生活更和平。 礼貌和排队体现的是对他人的尊重，促进和平，应选respect“尊重”。ignore“忽视”；avoid“避免”；correct“纠正”与和平语境相反，逻辑不通。 Passage 10 阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Last summer, I went to Canada for a student exchange program. I was very 1 because it was my first time abroad. When I arrived, I noticed many 2 between Chinese and Canadian customs. One day, my Canadian friend 3 my English and said it was excellent. I felt 4 and said, “No, no, my English still needs improvement.” My friend looked 5 and didn’t know what to say. Later, I learned that in Canada, people just say “Thank you” when they are 6 . Another time, we went to a restaurant. I wanted to 7 the cost, but my friend insisted on treating me. In Canada, people often take turns paying, but they also like to invite guests. These experiences taught me that 8 cultural differences is important. 9 we may have different customs, we can still be friends. I learned to be more 10 and open-minded. I really enjoyed my time in Canada. 1．A．excited B．worried C．bored D．angry 2．A．similarities B．differences C．problems D．advantages 3．A．praised B．criticized C．ignored D．doubted 4．A．proud B．shy C．confident D．happy 5．A．pleased B．relaxed C．confused D．excited 6．A．praised B．asked C．invited D．paid 7．A．share B．avoid C．increase D．reduce 8．A．creating B．ignoring C．understanding D．avoiding 9．A．Although B．Because C．Unless D．So 10．A．strict B．serious C．modest D．respectful 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．A 8．C 9．A 10．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者去年暑假去加拿大参加学生交流项目时，在礼仪和社交习惯方面经历的文化差异，以及从中获得的感悟，说明了理解文化差异和保持开放心态的重要性。 【详解】1．句意：我非常兴奋，因为那是我第一次出国。 根据下文“it was my first time abroad”可知，第一次出国通常是令人兴奋的，excited“兴奋的”，符合语境。worried“担心的”；bored“无聊的”；angry“生气的”，均不符合初次出国的积极情绪。 2．句意：我注意到了中国和加拿大习俗之间的许多差异。 根据下文作者在不同场景中遭遇的文化冲突可知，此处强调中国与加拿大习俗的“不同”，differences“差异”，符合语境。similarities“相似之处”；problems“问题”；advantages“优势”，均不符合全文围绕“文化差异”展开的主旨。 3．句意：有一天，我的加拿大朋友称赞了我的英语，说它很棒。 根据下文“said it was excellent”可知，朋友对作者的英语给予了正面评价，praised“称赞”，符合语境。criticized“批评”；ignored“忽视”；doubted“怀疑”，均不符合“说英语很棒”的语义。 4．句意：我感到害羞，说：“不，不，我的英语还需要提高。” 根据中国文化中受到夸奖时习惯谦虚回应的特点可知，作者感到“害羞”，shy“害羞的”，符合语境。proud“骄傲的”；confident“自信的”；happy“快乐的”，均不符合“谦虚回应”的文化心理。 5．句意：我的朋友看起来很困惑，不知道该说什么。 根据后文“Later, I learned that in Canada, people just say ‘Thank you’”可知，加拿大朋友对作者谦虚回应的方式感到不理解，confused“困惑的”，符合语境。pleased“高兴的”；relaxed“放松的”；excited“兴奋的”，均不符合“不理解对方反应”的语义。 6．句意：后来我了解到，在加拿大，当人们被称赞时，他们就说“谢谢”。 根据前文加拿大朋友对作者的称赞及作者谦虚回应导致对方困惑可知，此处表示“被称赞”的场景，are praised为被动语态，意为“被称赞”，符合语境。asked“被问”；invited“被邀请”；paid“被付款”，均不符合“受到夸奖”的语义。 7．句意：我想分摊费用，但我的朋友坚持要请客。 根据下文“my friend insisted on treating me”可知，朋友要请客，而作者想“分摊”费用，share“分摊；分享”，share the cost意为“分摊费用”，符合语境。avoid“避免”；increase“增加”；reduce“减少”，均不符合“与朋友分摊花销”的语义。 8．句意：这些经历教会了我理解文化差异很重要。 根据全文作者通过亲身经历学习不同文化习惯可知，此处强调“理解”文化差异，understanding“理解”，符合语境。creating“创造”；ignoring“忽视”；avoiding“避免”，均不符合“通过经历学习文化”的主旨。 9．句意：尽管我们可能有不同的习俗，但我们仍然可以做朋友。 前句说习俗不同，后句说仍可做朋友，前后为让步关系，Although“尽管”，引导让步状语从句，符合语境。Because“因为”；Unless“除非”；So“所以”，均不符合让步逻辑。 10．句意：我学会了更加尊重他人和思想开放。 根据前文作者意识到文化差异并学会接受不同习惯可知，此处表示学会更加“尊重”他人，respectful“尊重的”，符合语境。同时“respectful”与“open-minded”并列，共同描述作者在经历文化差异后形成的积极态度。strict“严格的”；serious“严肃的”；modest“谦虚的”，均不符合“尊重他国文化习惯”的语义。 培优拔高·挑战攻坚 Passage 1 阅读短文，理解其大意，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Chinese food is very famous in the world. Chinese people think 1 is one of the most important things during their life. They do not greet each other with “How are you?” but they ask, “Have you eaten?” Since table manners are part of Chinese cooking culture, Chinese people still 2 their table manners today. There is a 3 for the “guest of honor” or the oldest person in the family. In most parts of China, the “seat of honor” is 4 the one facing the front door of the room. The “seat of honor” can also be the one in the middle facing east of the room if there is no seat facing the 5 . As for the host, he may take the most 6 seat. It is always the nearest to the kitchen or service door. It is better to sit after the elder or the “guest of honor” 7 . Guests should wait for the host to 8 them to get seated. Chinese people like 9 meals together and they put all the dishes on a round table. There is sometimes a round rotating disc (旋转盘) in the 10 of the dining table. It makes sure that all the diners can enjoy the meal and feel respected. 1．A．knowledge B．money C．food D．weather 2．A．break B．follow C．make D．forget 3．A．game B．ball C．gift D．seat 4．A．never B．usually C．already D．hardly 5．A．wall B．kitchen C．door D．window 6．A．difficult B．expensive C．comfortable D．convenient 7．A．sits down B．turns down C．writes down D．falls down 8．A．order B．invite C．introduce D．encourage 9．A．seeing B．selling C．having D．buying 10．A．east B．west C．center D．top 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．D 4．B 5．C 6．D 7．A 8．B 9．C 10．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国饮食文化中的餐桌礼仪，包括对食物的高度重视、座次的安排规则（如“贵宾席”和主人席的位置）、入座顺序以及共餐时使用旋转盘的习惯等内容。 【详解】1．句意：中国人认为食物是他们生活中最重要的事情之一。 根据前句“Chinese food is very famous in the world.”引出中国食物的话题，以及后句“They do not greet each other with ‘How are you?’ but they ask, ‘Have you eaten?’”可知，中国人见面问候“你吃了吗”，说明他们非常重视食物。food“食物”符合语境。knowledge“知识”、money“金钱”、weather“天气”，均与后文“吃”的描述无关。 2．句意：由于餐桌礼仪是中国饮食文化的一部分，中国人至今仍然遵守他们的餐桌礼仪。 根据前句“Since table manners are part of Chinese cooking culture”可知，餐桌礼仪是中国饮食文化的一部分，因此人们会遵循它。follow“遵守，遵循”符合语境。break“打破”、make“制作”、forget“忘记”，均与“文化传承”的语境矛盾。 3．句意：为“贵宾”或家中最年长的人预留一个座位。 根据后文对“seat of honor”（贵宾席）的介绍可知，本段讨论的是座位安排问题。seat“座位”符合语境。game“游戏”、ball“球”、gift“礼物”，均与座次安排的话题无关。 4．句意：在中国大部分地区，“贵宾席”通常是面向房间前门的那个座位。 根据后句“The ‘seat of honor’ can also be …”可知，面向前门的座位是常见的安排方式，但并非绝对。usually“通常”符合语境。never“从不”与后文“can also be”矛盾；already“已经”、hardly“几乎不”，均不符合此处描述常规做法的语境。 5．句意：如果没有面向门的座位，“贵宾席”也可以是面向东边的中间座位。 根据前句“the one facing the front door of the room”可知，首选是面向前门的座位，本句说的是“如果没有面向门的座位”时的替代方案。door“门”与前文呼应。wall“墙”、kitchen“厨房”、window“窗户”，均与前文“front door”的对应关系不符。 6．句意：至于主人，他可能会坐最方便的座位。 根据后句“It is always the nearest to the kitchen or service door.”可知，主人坐在离厨房或服务门最近的位置，这是为了方便上菜和服务。convenient“方便的”符合语境。difficult“困难的”、expensive“昂贵的”、comfortable“舒适的”，均不能由“离厨房最近”推导出来。 7．句意：最好在长辈或“贵宾”坐下之后再坐。 根据语境，客人应在长辈或贵宾先入座后再坐下，体现尊老和礼让。sit down“坐下”符合语境。turn down“调低，拒绝”、write down“写下”、fall down“摔倒”，均不符合入座的情境。 8．句意：客人应等待主人邀请他们入座。 根据语境，客人不应自行入座，而应等待主人的示意或邀请。invite“邀请”符合语境。order“命令”语气过于强硬，不符合待客之道；introduce“介绍”、encourage“鼓励”，均与“入座”的动作无关。 9．句意：中国人喜欢一起吃饭，他们把所有的菜放在一张圆桌上。 have meals“吃饭”是固定搭配。having“吃，享用”符合语境。seeing“看见”、selling“卖”、buying“买”，均不能与meals构成“吃饭”的含义。 10．句意：餐桌中央有时会有一个圆形的旋转盘。 根据常识和后文“It makes sure that all the diners can enjoy the meal”可知，旋转盘需要放在桌子中央，这样每个人都能方便地取到菜。center“中心，中央”符合语境。east“东”、west“西”、top“顶部”，均不符合旋转盘的实际位置。 Passage 2 阅读下面的短文，理解大意，然后从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。 Confucius lived in the Kingdom of Lu, part of today’s Shandong Province. September 28th is his birthday. Although he was born over 2,000 years ago, people still 1 him on this day. His childhood was sad. His father 2 when he was only three so he had to work to help his mother. But young Confucius didn’t 3 studying. He visited many famous teachers and learned music, history, poetry and sports from them. Later, Confucius became a teacher and started the first private school in 4 history. At that time, only children from rich families could go to school, but Confucius 5 everyone should go to school if they want to learn. He had about 3,000 students in his lifetime. Today, people still follow his 6 . He told us that each person has something worthy to learn. “When I am with three people, one of them must be 7 than me in some areas. I choose their good qualities (品质) and follow them. I take their bad qualities and change them in myself. ” He also taught us that thinking is very 8 in study. “All study but no thinking makes people puzzled (迷惑). All thinking but no study makes people lazy. ” Confucius is not only a great teacher but also a famous 9 with wise thoughts about the world and society. His most important teachings are about kindness and good manners. “A kind person should care for others. Be strict with yourself, 10 be kind to others,” he said. 1．A．attack B．remember C．explain D．increase 2．A．offered B．lifted C．died D．killed 3．A．put off B．take off C．pick up D．give up 4．A．Chinese B．English C．American D．Indian 5．A．remained B．believed C．solved D．cheered 6．A．photos B．planets C．thoughts D．reasons 7．A．better B．less C．worse D．slower 8．A．successful B．important C．simple D．low 9．A．actor B．doctor C．reader D．thinker 10．A．so B．when C．but D．if 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．B 6．C 7．A 8．B 9．D 10．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了中国古代伟大的教育家、思想家孔子的生平事迹及其核心教育思想。文章讲述了他虽童年不幸但坚持学习，创办了中国历史上第一所私塾，提倡“有教无类”，并留下了“三人行，必有我师”、“学而不思则罔”等至今仍被奉为圭臬的名言，强调思考在学习中的重要性以及仁爱和礼仪的处世之道。 【详解】1．句意：虽然他出生在2000多年前，人们仍然在这一天纪念他。 根据上文“September 28th is his birthday.”可知，在他的生日这一天，人们应该是纪念他。attack意为“攻击”，explain意为“解释”，increase意为“增加”，均不符合语境；remember意为“纪念、记住”，符合语境。 2．句意：他的父亲在他只有三岁时去世了，所以他不得不工作来帮助母亲。 根据上文“His childhood was sad.”以及下文“he had to work to help his mother”可知，是因为父亲去世了。offered意为“提供”，lifted意为“举起”，killed意为“杀死”，均不符合语境；died意为“去世”，符合语境。 3．句意：但是年轻的孔子没有放弃学习。 根据下文“He visited many famous teachers and learned music, history, poetry and sports from them.”可知，尽管生活艰难，他并没有放弃学习。put off意为“推迟”，take off意为“起飞、脱下”，pick up意为“捡起”，均不符合语境；give up意为“放弃”，符合语境。 4．句意：后来，孔子成为了一名老师，并在中国历史上创办了第一所私塾。 根据常识及文章第一句“Confucius lived in the Kingdom of Lu, part of today's Shandong Province.”可知，这是在中国历史上。English意为“英国的/英语的”，American意为“美国的”，Indian意为“印度的”，均不符合语境；Chinese意为“中国的”，符合语境。 5．句意：那时，只有富裕家庭的孩子才能上学，但孔子认为：只要人们想要学习，人人都应该接受教育。 根据上文提到的当时只有富家子弟能上学，而孔子创办私塾的行为可知，他持有不同的观点。remained意为“保持”，solved意为“解决”，cheered意为“欢呼”，均不符合语境；believed意为“相信、认为”，符合语境。 6．句意：今天，人们仍然遵循他的思想。 根据下文引用的名言“He told us that each person has something worthy to learn...”可知，这些是他的思想或教诲。photos意为“照片”，planets意为“行星”，reasons意为“理由”，均不符合语境；thoughts意为“思想、想法”，符合语境。 7．句意：“三人行，必有我师焉。” 根据下文“I choose their good qualities and follow them.”可知，这里指别人有比自己强的地方。less意为“更少”，worse意为“更差”，slower意为“更慢”，均不符合语境；better意为“更好”，符合语境。 8．句意：他也教导我们在学习中思考是非常重要的。 根据下文引用的“学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆”可知，孔子强调思考与学习结合的重要性。successful意为“成功的”，simple意为“简单的”，low意为“低的”，均不符合语境；important意为“重要的”，符合语境。 9．句意：孔子不仅是一位伟大的老师，也是一位对世界和社会有着智慧思想的著名思想家。 根据后文“with wise thoughts about the world and society”可知，这描述的是思想家的特征。actor意为“演员”，doctor意为“医生”，reader意为“读者”，均不符合语境；thinker意为“思想家”，符合语境。 10．句意：“对自己严格，但对他人仁慈，”他说。 这句话前半部分“Be strict with yourself”和后半部分“be kind to others”之间存在转折关系。so意为“所以”，when意为“当……时候”，if意为“如果”，均不符合语境逻辑；but意为“但是”，表示转折，符合语境。 Passage 3 Body language is very important in communication. 1 , different cultures have different ways of using it. For example, in Japan, people 2 when they meet. They also bow to say “thank you”, “goodbye”, or “sorry”. In Canada and China, people wave to say “hello” or “goodbye”. Nodding is 3 another interesting example. In China, nodding means agreement. 4 in India, it is the opposite. Nodding means “no”, while shaking the head from side to side means “yes”. In most countries, it is bad manners to use your 5 to wave someone to come to you. You should use your whole hand 6 . Understanding these cultural differences is very 7 . It can help you 8 misunderstandings and communicate better. When you 9 to a foreign country, it is a good idea to learn about the local body language. This will help you 10 a good impression and make friends more easily. 1．A．However B．Therefore C．Also D．Instead 2．A．wave B．bow C．nod D．shake 3．A．too B．either C．also D．neither 4．A．So B．But C．Because D．Although 5．A．hand B．arm C．finger D．foot 6．A．instead B．however C．also D．too 7．A．boring B．difficult C．important D．interesting 8．A．cause B．avoid C．create D．start 9．A．travel B．travels C．traveled D．traveling 10．A．make B．do C．take D．give 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了肢体语言在跨文化交际中的重要性，通过日本、中国、印度等国家在问候、点头、招手等肢体动作上的差异，说明了了解不同文化背景下肢体语言含义的必要性，以帮助人们避免误解、更好地交流。 【详解】1．句意：然而，不同的文化使用肢体语言的方式各不相同。 前句“Body language is very important in communication.”指出肢体语言在交流中很重要，后句“different cultures have different ways of using it”说明不同文化使用方式不同，前后构成转折关系。However“然而”符合逻辑。Therefore“因此”表因果、Also“也”表递进、Instead“相反”，均不符合此处的转折语境。 2．句意：例如，在日本，人们见面时会鞠躬。 根据后句“They also bow to say ‘thank you’, ‘goodbye’, or ‘sorry’.”可知，日本人也用鞠躬来表达感谢、告别或道歉，说明鞠躬是日本人的常见礼仪。bow“鞠躬”符合语境。wave“挥手”、nod“点头”、shake“摇动”，均与后文描述不符。 3．句意：点头也是一个有趣的例子。 本句是对前文举例的补充，表示“也”。also通常用于肯定句中，置于be动词之后、实义动词之前，此处位于“is”之后，符合also的位置要求。too“也”通常置于句末；either“也”用于否定句句末；neither“两者都不”表否定，均不符合语法和语境。 4．句意：在中国，点头意味着同意，但在印度则恰恰相反。 前文说在中国点头表示同意，后文说在印度点头意味着“不”，两者形成鲜明的对比转折关系。But“但是”符合逻辑。So“所以”表因果、Because“因为”表原因、Although“虽然”表让步，均不能体现这种对比转折。 5．句意：在大多数国家，用手指向别人招手让他过来是不礼貌的。 根据后句“You should use your whole hand instead.”可知，应该用整只手而不是某个身体部位。用手指单独招手在很多文化中被视为不礼貌。finger“手指”符合语境。hand“手”、arm“手臂”、foot“脚”，均与后文“use your whole hand”的建议矛盾。 6．句意：你应该用整只手来代替。 前句说用手指招手不礼貌，本句建议用整只手，两者构成替代关系。instead“代替，反而”置于句末，表示“用整只手来代替”，符合语境和语法。however“然而”表转折、also“也”表递进、too“也”置于句末但表并列，均不能体现替代关系。 7．句意：理解这些文化差异非常重要。 根据后句“It can help you avoid misunderstandings and communicate better.”可知，理解文化差异能帮助避免误解、更好地交流，说明这件事很重要。important“重要的”符合语境。boring“无聊的”、difficult“困难的”、interesting“有趣的”，均不能由后文的积极作用推导出来。 8．句意：它能帮助你避免误解，更好地交流。 理解文化差异的积极作用是减少或防止误解的发生。avoid“避免”符合语境。cause“引起”、create“创造”、start“开始”，均与文意相反，会导致更差的交流效果。 9．句意：当你去外国旅行时，了解当地的肢体语言是个好主意。 主语是“you”，从句描述的是一般性的建议，需用一般现在时，谓语动词用原形。travel“旅行”符合语法。travels是第三人称单数形式、traveled是过去式、traveling是现在分词，均不符合主语“you”的语法要求。 10．句意：这将帮助你留下好印象，更容易交到朋友。 make a good impression是固定搭配，意为“留下好印象”。make“做，制造”符合搭配。do“做”、take“拿”、give“给”，均不能与“a good impression”构成正确搭配。 Passage 4 It is a Chinese custom that when guests visit, the first thing a host does is make and serve them 1 . Tea is made of the young leaves of a tea tree. According to the particular 2 the Chinese use to process the leaves, there are 3 kinds of tea: green tea, oolong, flower tea, black tea and compressed tea. Among 4 , green tea is the most popular. The time to 5 the tea is very important. For example, Longjing, one kind of the best green tea, is gathered several days before Tomb Sweeping Day 6 new leaves have just begun to grow. Although Chinese people drink tea daily, there are 7 between tea drinking and tea tasting. People who drink tea might just do this because they are 8 . Tea tasting, on the other hand, has cultural meanings. Tasting is 9 the shape, flavor,color and the freshness of tea. The water is also important. In China, people consider spring (泉) water from famous 10 springs the best. The ancestors thought of tea as a drink which can refresh and calm themselves. Tea is also a symbol of elegance (优雅). Tea tasting has something to do with the idea of harmony with nature. 1．A．water B．milk C．tea D．food 2．A．ways B．stories C．secrets D．places 3．A．three B．five C．four D．two 4．A．us B．them C．you D．it 5．A．drink B．cook C．pick D．heat 6．A．before B．after C．when D．until 7．A．stories B．similarities C．differences D．articles 8．A．busy B．free C．thirsty D．hungry 9．A．watching B．enjoying C．guessing D．comparing 10．A．natural B．far C．beautiful D．big 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．C 6．C 7．C 8．C 9．B 10．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国的茶文化，包括茶的种类、采摘时间、喝茶与品茶的区别以及水的重要性。 【详解】1．句意：客人来访时，主人做的第一件事就是为他们泡茶。 根据下文“Tea is made of...”可知文章主题是茶，且中国待客风俗是奉茶，tea符合语境。water“水”、milk“牛奶”、food“食物”不符合语境。 2．句意：根据中国人加工茶叶的特定方法，有五种茶：绿茶、乌龙、花茶、红茶和紧压茶。 根据“process the leaves”可知加工叶子需要方法，ways符合语境。stories“故事”、secrets“秘密”、places“地点”与加工动作不搭配。 3．句意：根据中国人加工茶叶的特定方法，有五种茶：绿茶、乌龙、花茶、红茶和茶饼。 根据冒号后列举的green, oolong, flower, black, compressed共五种茶可知five符合语境。three、four、two数量不符。 4．句意：在它们之中，绿茶最受欢迎。 指代前文提到的“kinds of tea”，为复数事物，them符合语境。us、you指人，it指单数。 5．句意：采茶的时间很重要。 根据下文“is gathered”可知此处指采摘茶叶，pick符合语境。drink“喝”、cook“烹饪”、heat“加热”不符合 gathered 语境。 6．句意：例如，龙井是最好的绿茶之一，它在清明节前几天采摘，当新叶刚开始生长时。 此处引导时间状语从句，表示叶子生长的那个时间点，when符合语境。before、after、until逻辑不通。 7．句意：虽然中国人每天都喝茶，喝茶和品茶之间有区别。 根据下文对比两者不同目的可知存在区别，differences符合语境。stories“故事”；similarities“相似”；articles“文章”不符合对比语境。 8．句意：喝茶的人可能只是因为渴了。 喝茶是为了解决口渴生理需求，thirsty符合语境。busy“忙碌”；free“空闲的”；hungry“饿”不是喝茶的直接原因。 9．句意：品茶是享受茶的形、味、色和鲜。 品茶是一种文化欣赏和享受的过程，enjoying符合语境。watching片面，guessing、comparing不符合文化含义。 10．句意：在中国，人们认为来自著名天然泉水的泉水最好。 泉水通常指天然形成的水源，natural springs为常用搭配。far“远的”；beautiful“美丽的”；big“大的”不是最佳形容。 Passage 5 Do you know the lion dance? It’s part of traditional Chinese culture. Normally, people perform it on Chuxi‑the     1     of the Chinese New Year. They also perform it for other happy moments. The lion dance is believed to bring good luck and success. People of all ages like     2     this traditional Chinese culture. There are many different stories about how the lion dance     3    . One of them is like this. Hundreds of years ago, a monster called Nian came to a village in China. The villagers were     4     because it ate humans. Luckily, a lion chased (追逐) Nian away. A year later, Nian came back again,     5     this time the lion couldn’t help them anymore. The villagers had to     6     themselves. So they made a “lion” by themselves. Their “Lion” danced, jumped and chased Nian away. For this     7     , people began to perform the lion dance before the Spring Festival to chase bad luck away. There are two different kinds of lion dances. In the southern lion dance, the dancers try     8     to perform like a real lion. Their “lion” may shake its body. The dance can be funny. The other kind is the     9     lion dance. It has more kung fu skills like rolling and jumping. Both the southern and northern kinds are very interesting to watch, but it takes a lot of practice to perform well. Both kinds are used to     10     the blessing (祝福). 1．A．week B．eve C．day D．month 2．A．stealing B．treating C．admiring D．reviewing 3．A．disappeared B．began C．celebrated D．finished 4．A．excited B．bored C．scared D．surprised 5．A．unless B．although C．but D．if 6．A．depend on B．agree on C．try on D．put on 7．A．name B．reason C．mistake D．result 8．A．hardly B．hard C．secretly D．nearly 9．A．eastern B．southern C．northern D．western 10．A．express B．train C．change D．accept 【答案】 1．B    2．C    3．B    4．C    5．C    6．A    7．B    8．B    9．C    10．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国传统舞狮文化的起源传说、种类特点及其寓意，展现了人们对美好生活的向往和传统文化的传承。 【详解】 1．句意：通常人们在除夕 —— 中国新年的前夜表演舞狮。 week 星期；eve 前夜；day 白天；month 月份。Chuxi 是除夕，也就是中国新年的前夜，eve 符合语境。故选 B。 2．句意：各个年龄段的人都喜欢欣赏这种中国传统文化。 stealing 偷窃；treating 对待；admiring 欣赏；reviewing 复习。结合 “traditional Chinese culture” 可知，人们会欣赏这项传统文化。故选 C。 3．句意：有很多关于舞狮是如何起源的不同故事。 disappeared 消失；began 开始，起源；celebrated 庆祝；finished 结束。下文在讲述舞狮的来历传说，由此可知此处讲舞狮如何开始。故选 B。 4．句意：村民们很害怕，因为这个怪兽吃人。 excited 兴奋的；bored 无聊的；scared 害怕的；surprised 惊讶的。根据怪兽会吃人这一事实，村民内心应该是恐惧的。故选 C。 5．句意：一年之后，年兽又回来了，但是这头狮子再也帮不了他们了。 unless 除非；although 虽然；but 但是；if 如果。前文狮子曾经帮助过村民，这次却无能为力，前后为转折关系。故选 C。 6．句意：村民们不得不依靠他们自己。 depend on 依靠；agree on 达成共识；try on 试穿；put on 穿上。狮子不能来帮忙，村民只能靠自己想办法。故选 A。 7．句意：由于这个原因，人们在春节前开始表演舞狮，驱赶厄运。 name 名字；reason 原因；mistake 错误；result 结果。此处交代人们表演舞狮的由来，for this reason 表示 “由于这个原因”，固定搭配。故选 B。 8．句意：在南狮表演中，舞者努力模仿真狮子的样子进行表演。 hardly 几乎不；hard 努力地；secretly 秘密地；nearly 几乎。try hard 表示 “努力”，舞者要尽力表演得像真狮子。故选 B。 9．句意：另外一种就是北狮。 eastern 东方的；southern 南方的；northern 北方的；western 西方的。前文已经介绍了南狮，与之对应的是北狮。故选 C。 10．句意：两种舞狮都被用来表达祝福。 express 表达；train 训练；change 改变；accept 接受。舞狮承载着人们美好的祝愿，是用来表达祝福。故选 A。 Passage 6 Have you ever visited an ancient museum? Ancient relics are silent witnesses of the past. Many relics date back to thousands of years ago. They carry stories 1 we cannot hear directly. Archaeologists spend years digging and researching 2 they can unlock ancient mysteries. Some relics are 3 amazing that they surprise the whole world. Sanxingdui is one of them. People found strange golden masks and other works there. It is such a great discovery 4 more and more people want to know about the ancient culture. History is not just old stories in books. It teaches us useful lessons. We study history 5 we can understand how our culture developed. However, some ancient culture is in danger. We must protect cultural relics 6 future generations can also enjoy them. Now museums try new creative ways to show history. They use digital technology 7 young people become more interested in the past. Many teenagers go to museums and share their feelings online. Some people say the past has gone and is useless. That is not true. The past passing by leaves valuable experience. We look back at history 8 we can avoid the same mistakes. History is a treasure. It is 9 important that every student should learn basic history knowledge. Let’s take action to learn and 10 our wonderful culture. 1．A．what B．that C．who D．whose 2．A．so that B．as long as C．even though D．as if 3．A．so B．such C．quite D．rather 4．A．that B．though C．if D．when 5．A．because B．so that C．while D．after 6．A．in order to B．so that C．such that D．as soon as 7．A．so that B．though C．until D．unless 8．A．so that B．even if C．as long as D．ever since 9．A．such B．so C．too D．enough 10．A．pass on B．give up C．take away D．turn down 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．A 4．A 5．B 6．B 7．A 8．A 9．B 10．A 【导语】本文介绍文物是历史无声的见证，讲述考古、文物保护以及博物馆利用数字技术传播历史，号召大家学习并传承优秀文化。 【详解】1．句意：它们承载着我们无法直接听到的故事。 先行词stories是事物，关系代词在定语从句中作宾语，that“那个”符合语境。what“什么”，who“谁”，whose“谁的”，均不符合。 2．句意：考古学家花费数年挖掘和研究，以便他们能够解开古代的奥秘。 “花费数年挖掘研究”是为了达成 “解开古代奥秘”这一目的，so that“为了；以便”用来引导目的状语从句，符合语境。as long as“只要”，even though“即使”，as if“好像”，均不符合。 3．句意：一些文物如此令人惊叹，以至于震惊了全世界。 so+形容词+that是固定结构，amazing是形容词，so“如此”符合语境。such“这样的”，quite“相当”，rather“相当”，均不符合。 4．句意：这是一项如此伟大的发现，以至于越来越多的人想要了解古代文化。 本句使用“such a/an+形容词+名词+that”固定句型，表示“如此……以至于”，that引导结果状语从句，符合语境。though“虽然”，if“如果”，when“当……时”，均不符合。 5．句意：我们学习历史，目的是能够理解我们的文化是如何发展的。 学习历史的目的是理解文化发展，so that“为了；以便”符合语境。because“因为”，while“当……时候”，after“在……之后”，均不符合。 6．句意：我们必须保护文物，以便后代也可以欣赏它们。 空格后接完整句子，表达保护文物的目的，so that“以便”符合语境。in order to“为了”，后接动词原形；such that“如此……以至于”；as soon as“一……就”，均不符合。 7．句意：他们使用数字技术，以便年轻人对过去产生更大兴趣。 使用数字技术的目的是提升年轻人的兴趣，so that“以便”符合语境。though“虽然”，until“直到”，unless“除非”，均不符合。 8．句意：我们回顾历史，是为了我们可以避免同样的错误。 回顾历史的目的是避免重蹈覆辙，so that“以便”符合语境。even if“即使”，as long as“只要”，ever since“自从”，均不符合。 9．句意：它如此重要，以至于每个学生都应该学习基础的历史知识。 so+形容词+that为固定结构，important是形容词，so“如此”符合语境。such“这样的”，too“太”，enough“足够”，均不符合。 10．句意：让我们行动起来，学习并且传承我们灿烂的文化。 结合全文主旨，要学习并且传承文化，pass on“传递；传承” 符合语境。give up“放弃”，take away“拿走”，turn down“调小；拒绝”，均不符合。 Passage 7 Every country has different kinds of flowers. Plum (梅) is a kind of beautiful flower in China. And it is considered as the number one of the Chinese top ten famous 1 . Plum flower first 2 in the south of China around the Yangtze River dating back to 7, 000 years ago. From ancient China till now, plum flower has been planted not only as a (n) 3 kind of economic crop but also a kind of ornamental (观赏的) plant. Later, it was 4 to Japan, Korea and Vietnam. More importantly, we love plum flower also because of deep cultural 5 . First, this kind of flower has five petals (花瓣). It stands for happiness, good luck and long life. It can also stand for safety and peace. Second, all the other flowers fall when a heavy 6 covers the world. However, 7 plum trees stand straight up, and proudly bloom (开花) in rich colors in such snowy days. They bring people the news of 8 spring. So the plum flower is not only the symbol of courage, strong will and hope, but also beauty and new life. Third, it plays an important 9 in Chinese literature (文学). It has often been 10 in Chinese poetry and art for centuries. 1．A．flowers B．trees C．houses D．forests 2．A．remained B．appeared C．smelled D．managed 3．A．necessary B．important C．pleasant D．boring 4．A．built B．made C．introduced D．developed 5．A．price B．meaning C．difference D．truth 6．A．rain B．wind C．snow D．storm 7．A．already B．such C．only D．very 8．A．early B．late C．middle D．cold 9．A．side B．task C．level D．role 10．A．praised B．punished C．thought D．prepared 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．B 4．C 5．B 6．C 7．C 8．A 9．D 10．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了梅花的历史起源、经济观赏价值及其深厚的文化内涵，特别是在文学艺术中的重要地位。 【详解】1．句意：并且它被认为是中国十大名花之首。 根据“Plum (梅) is a kind of beautiful flower in China”可知，本文介绍梅花，flowers“花”符合语境。trees“树”，houses“房子”，forests“森林”都不符合语境。 2．句意：早在7000年前，梅花首次出现在中国南方长江流域一带。 根据“dating back to 7,000 years ago”可知，本句讲梅花最早出现的地点时间，appeared“出现”符合语境。remained“保持”，smelled“闻起来”，managed“设法完成”都不符合语境。 3．句意：从古至今，梅花被种植，不仅作为一种重要的经济作物，也是一种观赏植物。 根据“not only…but also…”并列关系可知，此处描述梅花的地位，important“重要的”符合语境。necessary“必要的”，pleasant“令人愉快的”，boring“无聊的”都不符合语境。 4．句意：后来，它被引进到日本、韩国和越南。 根据“to Japan, Korea and Vietnam”可知，梅花从中国传到其他国家，introduced“引进；传入”符合语境。built“建造”，made“制作”，developed“发展”都不符合语境。 5．句意：更重要的是，我们喜爱梅花也因为它深厚的文化内涵。 根据下文“It stands for happiness, good luck and long life”可知，后文在讲梅花代表的文化寓意，meaning“含义，意义”符合语境。price“价格”，difference“差异”，truth“真相”都不符合语境。 6．句意：大雪覆盖大地时，其他花儿都凋谢了。 根据下文“in such snowy days”可知，这里描写下雪的环境，snow“雪”符合语境。rain“雨”，wind“风”，storm“暴风雨”都不符合语境。 7．句意：然而，只有梅树傲然挺立，在大雪天里艳丽绽放。 根据“all the other flowers fall”和“However”转折可知，只有梅花在雪中开放，only“仅仅，只有”符合语境。already“已经”，such“如此”，very“非常”都不符合语境。 8．句意：它们向人们传来早春的讯息。 根据常识，梅花早春开放，early“早的”符合语境。late“晚的”，middle“中间的”，cold“寒冷的”都不符合语境。 9．句意：第三，它在中国文学中发挥重要作用。 根据固定搭配play an important role“发挥重要作用”可知，role“作用”符合语境。side“边”，task“任务”，level“水平”都不符合语境。 10．句意：几个世纪以来，它常在中国诗词与艺术中被赞颂。 根据前文梅花是勇气、希望的象征可知，在文学作品中梅花被赞美，praised“赞美，赞颂”符合语境。punished“惩罚”，thought“思考”，prepared“准备”都不符合语境。 Passage 8 Ladies and gentlemen, today we talk about teenage folk art lovers. Many high school     1     take part in puppet shows as young     2    . Some people think puppetry is old‑fashioned,     3     they will not understand its beauty unless they watch the performance. A girl posted puppet videos online, and her page     4     with warm messages from viewers abroad. She decides to hold on and shoulder the responsibility of passing down folk arts. As a volunteer in a group, she reports art stories and inspires other youth’s     5    . One day she saw an eagle with scaled claws on the     6     of a valley. It roared wildly and burst out from hidden dust. This scene gave her new     7     to create puppet works. We young people are independent creators. Our nation’s traditional arts lie in our     8    . We have enough     9     to be good creators and     10     this precious culture. 1．A．teenagers B．gentlemen C．scarecrows D．strangers 2．A．creators B．performers C．educators D．volunteers 3．A．and B．so C．but D．or 4．A．is flooded B．holds on C．shoulders D．deals 5．A．blood B．creativity C．dust D．courage 6．A．edge B．fence C．wing D．top 7．A．attention B．wealth C．inspiration D．knowledge 8．A．blood B．valley C．claw D．mind 9．A．dust B．energy C．eagle D．spirit 10．A．scare B．kill C．protect D．learn 【答案】 1．A    2．B    3．C    4．A    5．B    6．A    7．C    8．A    9．B    10．C 【导语】本文主要讲述青少年木偶戏爱好者传承民间艺术的故事，号召年轻人守护珍贵的传统民间文化。 【详解】 1．句意：许多高中生作为年轻的表演者参与木偶演出。 teenagers 青少年；gentlemen 绅士；scarecrows 稻草人；strangers 陌生人。文章围绕青少年民间艺术爱好者展开，teenagers 贴合文章青少年主题，其他选项不符合语境。故选 A。 2．句意：许多高中生作为年轻的表演者参与木偶演出。 creators 创作者；performers 表演者；educators 教育者；volunteers 志愿者。参加木偶表演对应的身份是表演者，performers 契合参演木偶戏的身份。故选 B。 3．句意：有些人认为木偶戏已经过时，但是除非看过表演，否则他们无法理解它的美。 and 和；so 因此；but 但是；or 或者。前句说人们觉得木偶戏过时，后句讲不看表演就不懂它的美，前后是转折关系，but 表转折。故选 C。 4．句意：一位女孩在网上发布木偶视频，她的页面满是海外观众发来的暖心留言。 is flooded 充斥，大量收到；holds on 坚持；shoulders 承担；deals 处理。be flooded with 为固定搭配，表示 “充斥、收到大量……”，此处指收到很多海外网友的暖心留言。故选 A。 5．句意：作为小组志愿者，她宣传艺术故事，激发其他年轻人的创造力。 blood 血液；creativity 创造力；dust 灰尘；courage 勇气。inspire one’s creativity 意为 “激发某人的创造力”，符合传承民间艺术的语境。故选 B。 6．句意：有一天，她看见一只利爪雄鹰处在山谷的边缘。 edge 边缘；fence 栅栏；wing 翅膀；top 顶部。on the edge of 是固定搭配，意为 “在…… 的边缘”，用来描述雄鹰所处的位置。故选 A。 7．句意：这一幕给了她创作木偶作品新的灵感。 attention 注意力；wealth 财富；inspiration 灵感；knowledge 知识。眼前雄鹰的画面为她的木偶艺术创作带来新灵感，inspiration 符合创作语境。故选 C。 8．句意：我们民族的传统艺术流淌在我们的血脉之中。 blood 血液；valley 山谷；claw 爪子；mind 头脑。lie in our blood 是比喻用法，指代文化根植于人们的血脉之中。故选 A。 9．句意：我们拥有充足的精力去成为优秀的创作者。 dust 尘土；energy 精力；eagle 鹰；spirit 精神。enough energy 表示 “充足的精力”，指年轻人有足够精力去传承传统艺术。故选 B。 10．句意：做优秀的创造者，去保护这份珍贵的文化。 scare 使惊吓；kill 杀害；protect 保护；learn 学习。结合后文 “this precious culture（珍贵的文化）”，此处表达保护传统民间文化，protect 符合文章主旨。故选 C。 ( 1 / 13 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $