Units 1～2高频考点+语法+练习题 2026-2027学年人教版英语八年级上册

该初中英语期末复习讲义通过单元思维导图系统构建知识体系，将Units 1~2核心内容按“词汇-句型-语法-写作”模块梳理，并用表格归纳不定代词分类、Can/Could功能等语法要点，清晰呈现一般过去时、复合不定代词等重难点的内在联系与考查方向。 讲义亮点在于分层实战设计与精准方法指导，如书面表达“三段式提纲”引导学生按“背景-活动-感受”组织假期故事，培养语言能力与思维品质。完形填空结合假期经历语境考查动词短语搭配，典例分析标注易错点，助力不同层次学生提升，为教师实施精准教学和学生自主复习提供有力支持。

专题 01 Units 1~2（期末复习讲义）八年级上册 内 容 导 航 考情透视·目标导航 透析期末考向，锚定备考重心 知识梳理·方法技巧 梳理核心脉络，扫除知识盲区 考场练兵·分层实战 阶梯实战演练，验收复习成效 ❯❯❯考情透视·目标导航❮❮❮ 1. 复习目标 类别 具体内容 复习重点 1 掌握一般过去时的核心用法，能用过去式叙述假期经历； 2 掌握复合不定代词及其后置定语、主谓一致等用法； 3 掌握 can/could 表示礼貌请求和请求许可的句型与应答； 4 掌握假期、家务、家庭与居住环境相关的教材核心词汇和短语； 5 能完成“假期故事”和“请求朋友帮忙”的短文/邮件表达。 复习难点 1 一般过去时中规则/不规则动词变化与时间标志的判断； 2 something/anything/nothing/everything 等复合不定代词的选择及形容词后置； 3 区分“Can/Could you...?”提出请求与“Can/Could I...?”请求许可； 4 在书面表达中按时间顺序或“现状—请求—安排”组织信息。 2. 高频考点速览 高频考点 考查形式 建议掌握度 一般过去时 单选、语法填空、写作 ★★★★★ 复合不定代词 单选、完形、句型填空 ★★★★★ 不定代词+形容词后置 单选、完成句子 ★★★★☆ take one’s breath away / feel like 词汇运用、完形 ★★★★☆ Can/Could礼貌请求 单选、情景交际 ★★★★★ Can/Could请求许可 单选、补全对话 ★★★★★ pack/clean/hang/take...up/out 词汇运用、完形 ★★★★☆ borrow / give sb a lift / get ready for 词汇运用、写作 ★★★★☆ 3. 考情规律 题型 考察内容 词汇运用 围绕 holiday、scenery、home、chores、arrival 等教材语境，重点考词义、词形与短语搭配。 语法填空/单选 重点考一般过去时、复合不定代词以及 can/could 的礼貌功能。 完形/阅读理解 常以假期经历、家庭生活为语篇，考时间顺序、人物感受和细节理解。 书面表达 常见任务为假期故事、家庭生活描述或用邮件请求他人帮助。 ❯❯❯知识梳理·方法技巧❮❮❮ 【单元思维导图】 Unit 1 Happy Holiday 核心词汇 holiday, vacation, landscape, scenery, ancient, fantastic, anywhere, nothing, relaxing 核心句型 Did you go anywhere interesting? / Everything tasted good. 语法精讲 不定代词；一般过去时复习 写作指导 My Holiday：时间→地点→活动→感受/收获 【单元思维导图】 Unit 2 Home Sweet Home 核心词汇 pack up, clean up, hang up, arrival, community, luggage, familiar, decorate 核心句型 Can/Could you please...? / Can/Could I...? 语法精讲 can/could：礼貌请求与请求许可 写作指导 求助邮件：现状→请求→时间地点→回应 ▶核心知识点 1：一般过去时：用过去式讲清“发生了什么” 教材原句： How was your holiday? 译文：你的假期过得怎么样？ I went to Yunnan with my family. 译文：我和家人去了云南。 用法 一般过去时表示过去某个明确时间发生并结束的动作或状态，常与 last..., yesterday, ...ago, in + 过去年份等连用。 肯定句用动词过去式；一般疑问句和否定句用 did/didn’t + 动词原形。 易错警示： 有 did / didn’t 后，实义动词要恢复原形，不能继续用过去式。 典例 — Did Peter ______ Yulong Mountain during the holiday? — Yes, he did. A. visit B. visited C. visits D. visiting 答案：A 解析：一般疑问句中已有助动词 did，后接动词原形 visit。 ▶核心知识点 2：复合不定代词：some-/any-/no-/every- 的选择 教材原句： Did you go anywhere interesting? 译文：你去了什么有趣的地方吗？ I did nothing special. 译文：我没做什么特别的事。 用法 some-类通常用于肯定句；any-类常用于疑问句、否定句；no-类本身含否定意义；every-类表示“每个人/一切”。 复合不定代词作主语时通常按单数处理。 易错警示： nothing/no one 已含否定意义，句中一般不再使用 not 构成双重否定。 典例 There was ______ special in the town, so Adam stayed at home. A. anything B. nothing C. everything D. someone 答案：B 解析：句意为“没有什么特别的”，nothing 本身表示否定。 ▶核心知识点 3：复合不定代词+形容词：形容词必须后置 教材原句： Did you eat anything special? 译文：你吃了什么特别的东西吗？ I met someone interesting. 译文：我遇见了一个有趣的人。 用法 形容词修饰 something, anything, nothing, someone 等复合不定代词时，要放在不定代词之后。 常见结构：something new, anything interesting, nothing special, someone friendly。 易错警示： 不能按普通名词的习惯写成 special anything 或 interesting someone。 典例 We saw ______ on the mountain and took many photos. A. beautiful something B. something beautiful C. anything beautiful D. beautiful anything 答案：B 解析：肯定句用 something，形容词 beautiful 放在复合不定代词之后。 ▶核心知识点 4：take one’s breath away / remind / get together：假期语境高频搭配 教材原句： It just took my breath away. 译文：它简直令我惊叹。 The artwork reminds us that war is terrible. 译文：那件艺术品提醒我们战争是可怕的。 用法 take one’s breath away 表示“令人惊叹”；remind sb of/about sth 或 remind sb that... 表示“提醒/使想起”；get together 表示“聚会；相聚”。 这些短语常用于旅行感受、文化体验和家庭相聚语境。 易错警示： remind 后的宾语结构要完整；不要把 take one’s breath away 误写成 take one’s breathe away。 典例 The mountain scenery was so beautiful that it ______. A. took my breath away B. took my breathe away C. reminded me to D. got me together 答案：A 解析：breath 是名词“呼吸”，固定短语为 take one’s breath away。 ▶核心知识点 5：feel like / nothing but / by oneself：表达感受与活动 教材原句： I didn’t feel like eating because I felt sick. 译文：我因为不舒服，不想吃东西。 I could do nothing but stay in the hotel. 译文：我只能待在旅馆里。 用法 feel like doing sth 表示“想要做某事”；do nothing but + 动词原形表示“除了……什么也不能做”；by oneself 表示“独自；靠自己”。 这些结构适合描述旅行中的临时状态和选择。 易错警示： feel like 后接动名词，不接动词原形；nothing but 后直接接动词原形。 典例 After walking all day, Vincent didn’t feel like ______ out again. A. go B. went C. going D. to go 答案：C 解析：feel like doing sth 是固定结构。 ▶核心知识点 6：fight against / during / thousands of：叙述旅行见闻 教材原句： The Russian people built this museum to remember their fight against the Nazis. 译文：俄罗斯人民建造这座博物馆来纪念反法西斯斗争。 I saw an artwork with thousands of glass “tears”. 译文：我看到一件有数千颗玻璃“泪滴”的艺术品。 用法 fight against 表示“与……作斗争”；during + 名词表示“在……期间”；thousands of 表示“数以千计的”。 数词和 hundred/thousand 连用时通常不加 -s；模糊数量 thousands of 则用复数。 易错警示： 不要写 three thousands of；明确数量用 three thousand，模糊数量用 thousands of。 典例 The museum has ______ old photos about the war. A. three thousands B. thousands of C. thousand of D. three thousands of 答案：B 解析：thousands of 表示“成千上万的”，是正确固定形式。 ▶核心知识点 7：Can/Could you please...：礼貌提出请求 教材原句： Could you please sweep the floor? 译文：请你扫一下地，好吗？ Can you help me hang up the photos? 译文：你能帮我把照片挂起来吗？ 用法 Can/Could you (please) + 动词原形...? 用于请别人做某事，could 比 can 更委婉。 常见肯定回答：Sure./Of course./No problem.；拒绝时通常说明原因。 易错警示： could 在这里表示语气更礼貌，不一定表示过去时间。 典例 — ______ you please help me clean the bathroom? — No problem. A. Must B. Could C. Should D. Need 答案：B 解析：语境是礼貌请求，Could you please... 最合适。 ▶核心知识点 8：Can/Could I...：请求许可与回答 教材原句： Can I put some flowers on the table? 译文：我可以在桌上放些花吗？ Could I use your computer? 译文：我可以用一下你的电脑吗？ 用法 Can/Could I + 动词原形...? 用于询问“我能否做某事”。 同意可答 Yes, you can./Of course./Sure.；不同意可答 Sorry, you can’t... 并说明原因。 易错警示： 回答许可时通常用 can/can’t，不说 Yes, you could 来表示当前许可。 典例 — Could I borrow your chess set? — ______. Here you are. A. Sure B. Never mind C. I’m afraid not D. It doesn’t matter 答案：A 解析：后句 Here you are 表明同意借出，Sure 最符合语境。 ▶核心知识点 9：pack up / clean up / hang up / take out：家务动词短语 教材原句： You have to pack up your things first. 译文：你得先把东西收拾打包。 Could you please help me hang up the photos? 译文：请你帮我把照片挂起来好吗？ 用法 pack up“打包”；clean up“清扫/整理”；hang up“挂起/挂断电话”；take out“拿出/带出去”。 短语后接名词时位置较灵活；接代词时通常放在动词和副词之间，如 take it out。 易错警示： 代词宾语一般不能放在可分动词短语末尾，如 take out it 不自然。 典例 The rubbish smells bad. Please ______ at once. A. take it out B. take out it C. hang it up D. pack up it 答案：A 解析：take out 表示把垃圾带出去；代词 it 放在 take 与 out 之间。 ▶核心知识点 10：borrow / give sb a lift：借用与出行表达 教材原句： Can I borrow your chess set? 译文：我能借一下你的国际象棋吗？ Could you please give me a lift to the shop? 译文：你能顺便开车送我去商店吗？ 用法 borrow sth from sb 表示“向某人借入某物”；lend sb sth / lend sth to sb 表示“借出”。 give sb a lift 表示“开车顺便送某人一程”。 易错警示： borrow 和 lend 的方向相反：borrow 是“借进来”，lend 是“借出去”。 典例 I forgot my scissors. Can I ______ a pair from you? A. borrow B. lend C. give D. invite 答案：A 解析：句意是“从你这里借入”，应用 borrow。 ▶核心知识点 11：get ready for / arrival / invite：为客人到来做准备 教材原句： We need to get ready for their arrival. 译文：我们需要为他们的到来做好准备。 Can I invite my friends to our new house? 译文：我能邀请朋友来我们的新家吗？ 用法 get ready for + 名词表示“为……做好准备”；arrival 是 arrive 的名词形式；invite sb to + 地点/活动 或 invite sb to do sth 表示“邀请某人……”。 家庭接待语境常把准备、布置、邀请等动作连在一起。 易错警示： arrive 是动词，arrival 是名词；“为到来做准备”应用 for their arrival。 典例 The family is getting ready ______ the grandparents’ arrival. A. to B. for C. with D. at 答案：B 解析：固定搭配 get ready for sth。 ▶核心知识点 12：feel at home / no matter / share...with...：理解“家”的意义 教材原句： We hope you’ll soon feel at home here. 译文：我们希望你很快在这里感到自在。 I shared the snacks with my cousin. 译文：我和表亲分享了零食。 用法 feel at home 表示“感到自在、无拘束”；share sth with sb 表示“与某人分享某物”；no matter + 疑问词可表示“无论……”。 这些表达常用于家庭、社区和人际关系语境。 易错警示： share 后表示“与某人”用 with；no matter 后要接完整的疑问词结构，如 no matter where/how long。 典例 At the community party, everyone was friendly and made us feel ______. A. at home B. at school C. on time D. in danger 答案：A 解析：feel at home 表示“感到自在、像在家一样”。 ▶语法总结 1：不定代词：形式、句型与后置定语 类别 常见形式 核心规则 示例 some- someone/something/somewhere 多用于肯定句；期待肯定答复时也可用于疑问句 I got you something as a gift. any- anyone/anything/anywhere 多用于疑问句、否定句和条件语境 Did you go anywhere interesting? no- no one/nothing 本身含否定意义 I did nothing special. every- everyone/everything 作主语时按单数处理 Everything tasted good. 典例 There is ______ interesting in today’s newspaper. Let’s read it. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. somewhere 答案：A 解析：肯定句表达“有一些有趣的内容”，用 something；形容词 interesting 后置。 ▶语法总结 2：Can/Could：礼貌请求与请求许可 功能 结构 常见回答 提出请求 Can/Could you (please) + 动词原形...? Sure./No problem./Sorry, I have to... 请求许可 Can/Could I + 动词原形...? Yes, you can./Of course./Sorry, you can’t... 提出建议 We can/could + 动词原形... That sounds good./Good idea. 典例 — Could I use your phone? — ______. A. Sure B. No, I couldn’t C. Never D. You’re welcome 答案：A 解析：问句是在请求许可，Sure 表示同意。 ▶写作指导 1：My Holiday Story 【审题三步走】 1. 确定时间、地点和人物，首句交代背景。 2. 按时间顺序写2—3件主要活动，用一般过去时。 3. 写感受和收获，避免只罗列“去了哪里”。 【三段式写作提纲】 段落 写作内容 第一段 When/Where/Who：交代假期背景。 第二段 What：按时间顺序写活动、见闻和一个具体细节。 第三段 Feeling/Lesson：写感受、收获或最难忘之处。 【完整范文】 My Holiday Story Last summer, I went to Huangshan with my family. The weather was fine and the mountain scenery was fantastic. We saw strange rocks, ancient buildings and the famous Guest-Greeting Pine. When I looked at the Sea of Clouds, it really took my breath away. We also talked with other visitors and took many photos. I felt tired after the long walk, but I was very happy. The trip taught me that travelling is not only a way to relax, but also a chance to learn about nature and culture. ▶写作指导 2：An Email Asking for Help 【审题三步走】 1. 开头说明为什么写信，并明确需要对方帮什么。 2. 主体写房间/家庭任务的现状、具体请求和时间安排。 3. 结尾礼貌询问对方意见并期待回复。 【三段式写作提纲】 段落 写作内容 第一段 Purpose：说明需要帮助的原因。 第二段 Details：列出2—3个具体请求和见面安排。 第三段 Closing：感谢并请对方回复。 【完整范文】 Hi Mike, I want to decorate the room I share with my brother. Could you help us this Sunday? The walls look a little old, so we plan to paint them light green. Could you bring your brushes? After painting, can you help us choose some photos to hang on the wall? We can meet at the paint shop near the shopping centre at 9:00 a.m. If you are free, please let me know. I’m sure it will be more fun with your help. Best, Li Ming ❯❯❯考场练兵·分层实战❮❮❮ 一、单词拼写（每小题1分，共4分） 根据句意及首字母提示填写单词。 1. The mountain s________ was so beautiful that we stopped to take photos. 2. Please p________ up your things before the movers arrive. 3. Grandma felt happy because the taste of the dish was f________ to her. 4. We are getting ready for our guests’ a________. 【答案】1.scenery；2.pack；3.familiar；4.arrival 二、单项选择（每小题1分，共4分） 1. — Did you do ______ interesting during the holiday? — Yes, I visited an ancient town. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything 2. The view from the top of the mountain was so beautiful that it ______. A. took my breath away B. took my breathe away C. took out my breath D. gave a lift 3. — Could you please help me clean the room? — ______. A. No problem B. Yes, I could C. Never mind D. You’re welcome 4. I forgot my notebook. May I ______ yours for a minute? A. lend B. borrow C. invite D. share 【答案】1.B；2.A；3.A；4.B 【解析】1. 疑问句中表示“任何有趣的事”用 anything，形容词 interesting 后置。 【解析】2. 固定短语 take one’s breath away 表示“令人惊叹”。 【解析】3. 这是礼貌请求，No problem 表示乐意帮忙。 【解析】4. 说话者要“借入”对方的笔记本，用 borrow。 三、完成句子（每小题2分，共4分） 1. 这次旅行让我大开眼界。 The trip ______ my ______ ______. 2. 请你帮我把照片挂起来好吗？ Could you please help me ______ ______ the photos? 【答案】1.took; breath; away；2.hang; up 四、完形填空（每小题1分，共5分） During the summer holiday, Lisa visited a small town with her parents. They (1) ______ in a family hotel near the mountains. On the first morning, they went hiking and saw (2) ______ beautiful beside the road—a double rainbow. The view took Lisa’s breath away. In the afternoon, they got together with local students and played games. Before leaving, Lisa helped the hotel owner (3) ______ the room and took the rubbish out. She said the trip was not only relaxing but also (4) ______. She learnt how to talk with new people and how to help others. Now she is ready (5) ______ another meaningful holiday. 1. A. stay B. stayed C. stays D. staying 2. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. someone 3. A. clean up B. hang up C. pack up D. give up 4. A. boring B. terrible C. meaningful D. sick 5. A. planning B. plan C. to plan D. planned 【答案】1.B；2.A；3.A；4.C；5.C 【解析】第1空叙述过去经历，用 stayed。 【解析】第2空肯定句用 something，形容词 beautiful 后置。 【解析】第3空 clean up the room 与家务语境吻合。 【解析】第4空与 relaxing 并列，meaningful 符合语意。 【解析】第5空 be ready to do sth。 五、阅读理解A（每小题2分，共10分） Last autumn, Gina went to the countryside with her family. They stayed in a comfortable house near a forest. Early on the last morning, Gina went into the forest to explore. She heard a noise, turned around and saw a deer. She was surprised but excited. After she returned, her mother explained that the deer was probably looking for food. Gina said the experience made her want to learn more about wild animals and nature. 1. Where did Gina stay during the holiday? 2. What did she do on the last morning? 3. What animal did she see? 4. How did she feel? 5. What did the experience make her want to do? 【答案】1.In a comfortable house in the countryside.；2.She went into the forest to explore.；3.A deer.；4.Surprised but excited.；5.Learn more about wild animals and nature. 六、阅读理解B（每小题2分，共10分） Peter’s grandparents were coming to visit the family’s new house. Everyone helped to get ready for their arrival. Peter cleaned the windows, Jim helped put a clock on the wall, and Helen moved a chair near the window because Grandpa liked reading there. She also wanted to put flowers beside the chair because Grandma loved flowers. The family did these small things so that the grandparents could feel at home. 1. Who were coming to visit? 2. What did Peter clean? 3. Why did Helen move a chair near the window? 4. What did she want to put beside the chair? 5. What was the family’s purpose in doing these things? 【答案】1.Peter’s grandparents.；2.The windows.；3.Because Grandpa liked reading near the window.；4.Some flowers.；5.To make the grandparents feel at home. 七、任务型阅读（每小题2分，共10分） Home is more than a building. It is a place where people care about one another. During the Spring Festival, Wenwen’s family travelled for hours to her grandparents’ village. Grandpa waited for them in the cold wind, Grandma cooked dinner, and Wenwen shared snacks with her cousin. When it was time to leave, Grandma asked them to come home more often. Wenwen understood that home means love, welcome and being together. 1. When did Wenwen’s family visit the grandparents? 2. Where did the grandparents live? 3. Who cooked dinner? 4. What did Wenwen share with her cousin? 5. What did Wenwen understand about home? 【答案】1.During the Spring Festival.；2.In a village.；3.Grandma (and other family members).；4.Snacks.；5.Home means love, welcome and being together. 八、书面表达（共15分） 假如你的英语老师让你以“My Unforgettable Holiday”为题写一篇约80—100词的短文。内容包括：假期时间和地点；主要活动；最难忘的细节；你的感受或收获。 【参考范文】 My Unforgettable Holiday Last summer, I went to Yunnan with my parents. We stayed in an old town for three days and visited a beautiful mountain. The fresh air and green scenery took my breath away. We also tried some local food and talked with friendly people. The most unforgettable moment was watching the sunrise from the mountain. I was tired after the long walk, but I felt proud and excited. The holiday helped me relax and also taught me to enjoy nature and learn from new experiences. 1/1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题 01 Units 1~2（期末复习讲义）八年级上册 内 容 导 航 考情透视·目标导航 透析期末考向，锚定备考重心 知识梳理·方法技巧 梳理核心脉络，扫除知识盲区 考场练兵·分层实战 阶梯实战演练，验收复习成效 ❯❯❯考情透视·目标导航❮❮❮ 1. 复习目标 类别 具体内容 复习重点 1 掌握一般过去时的核心用法，能用过去式叙述假期经历； 2 掌握复合不定代词及其后置定语、主谓一致等用法； 3 掌握 can/could 表示礼貌请求和请求许可的句型与应答； 4 掌握假期、家务、家庭与居住环境相关的教材核心词汇和短语； 5 能完成“假期故事”和“请求朋友帮忙”的短文/邮件表达。 复习难点 1 一般过去时中规则/不规则动词变化与时间标志的判断； 2 something/anything/nothing/everything 等复合不定代词的选择及形容词后置； 3 区分“Can/Could you...?”提出请求与“Can/Could I...?”请求许可； 4 在书面表达中按时间顺序或“现状—请求—安排”组织信息。 2. 高频考点速览 高频考点 考查形式 建议掌握度 一般过去时 单选、语法填空、写作 ★★★★★ 复合不定代词 单选、完形、句型填空 ★★★★★ 不定代词+形容词后置 单选、完成句子 ★★★★☆ take one’s breath away / feel like 词汇运用、完形 ★★★★☆ Can/Could礼貌请求 单选、情景交际 ★★★★★ Can/Could请求许可 单选、补全对话 ★★★★★ pack/clean/hang/take...up/out 词汇运用、完形 ★★★★☆ borrow / give sb a lift / get ready for 词汇运用、写作 ★★★★☆ 3. 考情规律 题型 考察内容 词汇运用 围绕 holiday、scenery、home、chores、arrival 等教材语境，重点考词义、词形与短语搭配。 语法填空/单选 重点考一般过去时、复合不定代词以及 can/could 的礼貌功能。 完形/阅读理解 常以假期经历、家庭生活为语篇，考时间顺序、人物感受和细节理解。 书面表达 常见任务为假期故事、家庭生活描述或用邮件请求他人帮助。 ❯❯❯知识梳理·方法技巧❮❮❮ 【单元思维导图】 Unit 1 Happy Holiday 核心词汇 holiday, vacation, landscape, scenery, ancient, fantastic, anywhere, nothing, relaxing 核心句型 Did you go anywhere interesting? / Everything tasted good. 语法精讲 不定代词；一般过去时复习 写作指导 My Holiday：时间→地点→活动→感受/收获 【单元思维导图】 Unit 2 Home Sweet Home 核心词汇 pack up, clean up, hang up, arrival, community, luggage, familiar, decorate 核心句型 Can/Could you please...? / Can/Could I...? 语法精讲 can/could：礼貌请求与请求许可 写作指导 求助邮件：现状→请求→时间地点→回应 ▶核心知识点 1：一般过去时：用过去式讲清“发生了什么” 教材原句： How was your holiday? 译文：你的假期过得怎么样？ I went to Yunnan with my family. 译文：我和家人去了云南。 用法 一般过去时表示过去某个明确时间发生并结束的动作或状态，常与 last..., yesterday, ...ago, in + 过去年份等连用。 肯定句用动词过去式；一般疑问句和否定句用 did/didn’t + 动词原形。 易错警示： 有 did / didn’t 后，实义动词要恢复原形，不能继续用过去式。 典例 — Did Peter ______ Yulong Mountain during the holiday? — Yes, he did. A. visit B. visited C. visits D. visiting ▶核心知识点 2：复合不定代词：some-/any-/no-/every- 的选择 教材原句： Did you go anywhere interesting? 译文：你去了什么有趣的地方吗？ I did nothing special. 译文：我没做什么特别的事。 用法 some-类通常用于肯定句；any-类常用于疑问句、否定句；no-类本身含否定意义；every-类表示“每个人/一切”。 复合不定代词作主语时通常按单数处理。 易错警示： nothing/no one 已含否定意义，句中一般不再使用 not 构成双重否定。 典例 There was ______ special in the town, so Adam stayed at home. A. anything B. nothing C. everything D. someone ▶核心知识点 3：复合不定代词+形容词：形容词必须后置 教材原句： Did you eat anything special? 译文：你吃了什么特别的东西吗？ I met someone interesting. 译文：我遇见了一个有趣的人。 用法 形容词修饰 something, anything, nothing, someone 等复合不定代词时，要放在不定代词之后。 常见结构：something new, anything interesting, nothing special, someone friendly。 易错警示： 不能按普通名词的习惯写成 special anything 或 interesting someone。 典例 We saw ______ on the mountain and took many photos. A. beautiful something B. something beautiful C. anything beautiful D. beautiful anything ▶核心知识点 4：take one’s breath away / remind / get together：假期语境高频搭配 教材原句： It just took my breath away. 译文：它简直令我惊叹。 The artwork reminds us that war is terrible. 译文：那件艺术品提醒我们战争是可怕的。 用法 take one’s breath away 表示“令人惊叹”；remind sb of/about sth 或 remind sb that... 表示“提醒/使想起”；get together 表示“聚会；相聚”。 这些短语常用于旅行感受、文化体验和家庭相聚语境。 易错警示： remind 后的宾语结构要完整；不要把 take one’s breath away 误写成 take one’s breathe away。 典例 The mountain scenery was so beautiful that it ______. A. took my breath away B. took my breathe away C. reminded me to D. got me together ▶核心知识点 5：feel like / nothing but / by oneself：表达感受与活动 教材原句： I didn’t feel like eating because I felt sick. 译文：我因为不舒服，不想吃东西。 I could do nothing but stay in the hotel. 译文：我只能待在旅馆里。 用法 feel like doing sth 表示“想要做某事”；do nothing but + 动词原形表示“除了……什么也不能做”；by oneself 表示“独自；靠自己”。 这些结构适合描述旅行中的临时状态和选择。 易错警示： feel like 后接动名词，不接动词原形；nothing but 后直接接动词原形。 典例 After walking all day, Vincent didn’t feel like ______ out again. A. go B. went C. going D. to go ▶核心知识点 6：fight against / during / thousands of：叙述旅行见闻 教材原句： The Russian people built this museum to remember their fight against the Nazis. 译文：俄罗斯人民建造这座博物馆来纪念反法西斯斗争。 I saw an artwork with thousands of glass “tears”. 译文：我看到一件有数千颗玻璃“泪滴”的艺术品。 用法 fight against 表示“与……作斗争”；during + 名词表示“在……期间”；thousands of 表示“数以千计的”。 数词和 hundred/thousand 连用时通常不加 -s；模糊数量 thousands of 则用复数。 易错警示： 不要写 three thousands of；明确数量用 three thousand，模糊数量用 thousands of。 典例 The museum has ______ old photos about the war. A. three thousands B. thousands of C. thousand of D. three thousands of ▶核心知识点 7：Can/Could you please...：礼貌提出请求 教材原句： Could you please sweep the floor? 译文：请你扫一下地，好吗？ Can you help me hang up the photos? 译文：你能帮我把照片挂起来吗？ 用法 Can/Could you (please) + 动词原形...? 用于请别人做某事，could 比 can 更委婉。 常见肯定回答：Sure./Of course./No problem.；拒绝时通常说明原因。 易错警示： could 在这里表示语气更礼貌，不一定表示过去时间。 典例 — ______ you please help me clean the bathroom? — No problem. A. Must B. Could C. Should D. Need ▶核心知识点 8：Can/Could I...：请求许可与回答 教材原句： Can I put some flowers on the table? 译文：我可以在桌上放些花吗？ Could I use your computer? 译文：我可以用一下你的电脑吗？ 用法 Can/Could I + 动词原形...? 用于询问“我能否做某事”。 同意可答 Yes, you can./Of course./Sure.；不同意可答 Sorry, you can’t... 并说明原因。 易错警示： 回答许可时通常用 can/can’t，不说 Yes, you could 来表示当前许可。 典例 — Could I borrow your chess set? — ______. Here you are. A. Sure B. Never mind C. I’m afraid not D. It doesn’t matter ▶核心知识点 9：pack up / clean up / hang up / take out：家务动词短语 教材原句： You have to pack up your things first. 译文：你得先把东西收拾打包。 Could you please help me hang up the photos? 译文：请你帮我把照片挂起来好吗？ 用法 pack up“打包”；clean up“清扫/整理”；hang up“挂起/挂断电话”；take out“拿出/带出去”。 短语后接名词时位置较灵活；接代词时通常放在动词和副词之间，如 take it out。 易错警示： 代词宾语一般不能放在可分动词短语末尾，如 take out it 不自然。 典例 The rubbish smells bad. Please ______ at once. A. take it out B. take out it C. hang it up D. pack up it ▶核心知识点 10：borrow / give sb a lift：借用与出行表达 教材原句： Can I borrow your chess set? 译文：我能借一下你的国际象棋吗？ Could you please give me a lift to the shop? 译文：你能顺便开车送我去商店吗？ 用法 borrow sth from sb 表示“向某人借入某物”；lend sb sth / lend sth to sb 表示“借出”。 give sb a lift 表示“开车顺便送某人一程”。 易错警示： borrow 和 lend 的方向相反：borrow 是“借进来”，lend 是“借出去”。 典例 I forgot my scissors. Can I ______ a pair from you? A. borrow B. lend C. give D. invite ▶核心知识点 11：get ready for / arrival / invite：为客人到来做准备 教材原句： We need to get ready for their arrival. 译文：我们需要为他们的到来做好准备。 Can I invite my friends to our new house? 译文：我能邀请朋友来我们的新家吗？ 用法 get ready for + 名词表示“为……做好准备”；arrival 是 arrive 的名词形式；invite sb to + 地点/活动 或 invite sb to do sth 表示“邀请某人……”。 家庭接待语境常把准备、布置、邀请等动作连在一起。 易错警示： arrive 是动词，arrival 是名词；“为到来做准备”应用 for their arrival。 典例 The family is getting ready ______ the grandparents’ arrival. A. to B. for C. with D. at ▶核心知识点 12：feel at home / no matter / share...with...：理解“家”的意义 教材原句： We hope you’ll soon feel at home here. 译文：我们希望你很快在这里感到自在。 I shared the snacks with my cousin. 译文：我和表亲分享了零食。 用法 feel at home 表示“感到自在、无拘束”；share sth with sb 表示“与某人分享某物”；no matter + 疑问词可表示“无论……”。 这些表达常用于家庭、社区和人际关系语境。 易错警示： share 后表示“与某人”用 with；no matter 后要接完整的疑问词结构，如 no matter where/how long。 典例 At the community party, everyone was friendly and made us feel ______. A. at home B. at school C. on time D. in danger ▶语法总结 1：不定代词：形式、句型与后置定语 类别 常见形式 核心规则 示例 some- someone/something/somewhere 多用于肯定句；期待肯定答复时也可用于疑问句 I got you something as a gift. any- anyone/anything/anywhere 多用于疑问句、否定句和条件语境 Did you go anywhere interesting? no- no one/nothing 本身含否定意义 I did nothing special. every- everyone/everything 作主语时按单数处理 Everything tasted good. 典例 There is ______ interesting in today’s newspaper. Let’s read it. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. somewhere ▶语法总结 2：Can/Could：礼貌请求与请求许可 功能 结构 常见回答 提出请求 Can/Could you (please) + 动词原形...? Sure./No problem./Sorry, I have to... 请求许可 Can/Could I + 动词原形...? Yes, you can./Of course./Sorry, you can’t... 提出建议 We can/could + 动词原形... That sounds good./Good idea. 典例 — Could I use your phone? — ______. A. Sure B. No, I couldn’t C. Never D. You’re welcome ▶写作指导 1：My Holiday Story 【审题三步走】 1. 确定时间、地点和人物，首句交代背景。 2. 按时间顺序写2—3件主要活动，用一般过去时。 3. 写感受和收获，避免只罗列“去了哪里”。 【三段式写作提纲】 段落 写作内容 第一段 When/Where/Who：交代假期背景。 第二段 What：按时间顺序写活动、见闻和一个具体细节。 第三段 Feeling/Lesson：写感受、收获或最难忘之处。 【完整范文】 My Holiday Story Last summer, I went to Huangshan with my family. The weather was fine and the mountain scenery was fantastic. We saw strange rocks, ancient buildings and the famous Guest-Greeting Pine. When I looked at the Sea of Clouds, it really took my breath away. We also talked with other visitors and took many photos. I felt tired after the long walk, but I was very happy. The trip taught me that travelling is not only a way to relax, but also a chance to learn about nature and culture. ▶写作指导 2：An Email Asking for Help 【审题三步走】 1. 开头说明为什么写信，并明确需要对方帮什么。 2. 主体写房间/家庭任务的现状、具体请求和时间安排。 3. 结尾礼貌询问对方意见并期待回复。 【三段式写作提纲】 段落 写作内容 第一段 Purpose：说明需要帮助的原因。 第二段 Details：列出2—3个具体请求和见面安排。 第三段 Closing：感谢并请对方回复。 【完整范文】 Hi Mike, I want to decorate the room I share with my brother. Could you help us this Sunday? The walls look a little old, so we plan to paint them light green. Could you bring your brushes? After painting, can you help us choose some photos to hang on the wall? We can meet at the paint shop near the shopping centre at 9:00 a.m. If you are free, please let me know. I’m sure it will be more fun with your help. Best, Li Ming ❯❯❯考场练兵·分层实战❮❮❮ 一、单词拼写（每小题1分，共4分） 根据句意及首字母提示填写单词。 1. The mountain s________ was so beautiful that we stopped to take photos. 2. Please p________ up your things before the movers arrive. 3. Grandma felt happy because the taste of the dish was f________ to her. 4. We are getting ready for our guests’ a________. 二、单项选择（每小题1分，共4分） 1. — Did you do ______ interesting during the holiday? — Yes, I visited an ancient town. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything 2. The view from the top of the mountain was so beautiful that it ______. A. took my breath away B. took my breathe away C. took out my breath D. gave a lift 3. — Could you please help me clean the room? — ______. A. No problem B. Yes, I could C. Never mind D. You’re welcome 4. I forgot my notebook. May I ______ yours for a minute? A. lend B. borrow C. invite D. share 三、完成句子（每小题2分，共4分） 1. 这次旅行让我大开眼界。 The trip ______ my ______ ______. 2. 请你帮我把照片挂起来好吗？ Could you please help me ______ ______ the photos? 四、完形填空（每小题1分，共5分） During the summer holiday, Lisa visited a small town with her parents. They (1) ______ in a family hotel near the mountains. On the first morning, they went hiking and saw (2) ______ beautiful beside the road—a double rainbow. The view took Lisa’s breath away. In the afternoon, they got together with local students and played games. Before leaving, Lisa helped the hotel owner (3) ______ the room and took the rubbish out. She said the trip was not only relaxing but also (4) ______. She learnt how to talk with new people and how to help others. Now she is ready (5) ______ another meaningful holiday. 1. A. stay B. stayed C. stays D. staying 2. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. someone 3. A. clean up B. hang up C. pack up D. give up 4. A. boring B. terrible C. meaningful D. sick 5. A. planning B. plan C. to plan D. planned 五、阅读理解A（每小题2分，共10分） Last autumn, Gina went to the countryside with her family. They stayed in a comfortable house near a forest. Early on the last morning, Gina went into the forest to explore. She heard a noise, turned around and saw a deer. She was surprised but excited. After she returned, her mother explained that the deer was probably looking for food. Gina said the experience made her want to learn more about wild animals and nature. 1. Where did Gina stay during the holiday? ____________________________________________________________________ 2. What did she do on the last morning? ____________________________________________________________________ 3. What animal did she see? ____________________________________________________________________ 4. How did she feel? ____________________________________________________________________ 5. What did the experience make her want to do? ____________________________________________________________________ 六、阅读理解B（每小题2分，共10分） Peter’s grandparents were coming to visit the family’s new house. Everyone helped to get ready for their arrival. Peter cleaned the windows, Jim helped put a clock on the wall, and Helen moved a chair near the window because Grandpa liked reading there. She also wanted to put flowers beside the chair because Grandma loved flowers. The family did these small things so that the grandparents could feel at home. 1. Who were coming to visit? ____________________________________________________________________ 2. What did Peter clean? ____________________________________________________________________ 3. Why did Helen move a chair near the window? ____________________________________________________________________ 4. What did she want to put beside the chair? ____________________________________________________________________ 5. What was the family’s purpose in doing these things? ____________________________________________________________________ 七、任务型阅读（每小题2分，共10分） Home is more than a building. It is a place where people care about one another. During the Spring Festival, Wenwen’s family travelled for hours to her grandparents’ village. Grandpa waited for them in the cold wind, Grandma cooked dinner, and Wenwen shared snacks with her cousin. When it was time to leave, Grandma asked them to come home more often. Wenwen understood that home means love, welcome and being together. 1. When did Wenwen’s family visit the grandparents? ____________________________________________________________________ 2. Where did the grandparents live? ____________________________________________________________________ 3. Who cooked dinner? ____________________________________________________________________ 4. What did Wenwen share with her cousin? ____________________________________________________________________ 5. What did Wenwen understand about home? ____________________________________________________________________ 八、书面表达（共15分） 假如你的英语老师让你以“My Unforgettable Holiday”为题写一篇约80—100词的短文。内容包括：假期时间和地点；主要活动；最难忘的细节；你的感受或收获。 ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ 1/1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $