Units 5～6 高频考点+语法+练习题 2026-2027学年人教版英语八年级上册

该初中英语期末复习讲义通过单元思维导图系统构建Units 5~6知识体系，每个单元从核心词汇、句型、语法到写作指导分层呈现，搭配语法总结表格清晰对比可数/不可数名词、感叹句结构及be going to与动词不定式用法，直观梳理重难点内在联系。 讲义亮点在于分层实战设计与精准方法指导，如书面表达提供"目标-行动-坚持"三段式提纲及范文，培养语言表达与逻辑思维能力，分层练习涵盖单词拼写、完形填空到阅读理解，适配不同学生水平，考情规律分析助教师把握考点，支持学生自主复习与教师精准教学。

专题 03 Units 5~6（期末复习讲义）八年级上册 内 容 导 航 考情透视·目标导航 透析期末考向，锚定备考重心 知识梳理·方法技巧 梳理核心脉络，扫除知识盲区 考场练兵·分层实战 阶梯实战演练，验收复习成效 ❯❯❯考情透视·目标导航❮❮❮ 1. 复习目标 类别 具体内容 复习重点 1 掌握可数/不可数名词及 how many/how much、常见量词结构； 2 掌握 first/next/then/after that/finally 等顺序副词和核心烹饪动词； 3 掌握 What/How 感叹句的基本结构； 4 掌握 be going to 表计划、打算与有迹象的预测，并复习常见动词不定式作宾语； 5 掌握职业、计划、决心、自我提升等核心词汇并完成食谱与计划类写作。 复习难点 1 区分可数名词复数与不可数名词，选择 many/much 及量词； 2 What 与 How 感叹句的中心词判断； 3 be going to 后必须接动词原形，并与一般现在时安排等表达区分； 4 resolution 写作要把“目标”转化为可执行的具体行动。 2. 高频考点速览 高频考点 考查形式 建议掌握度 how many / how much 单选、补全对话 ★★★★★ 量词 a piece/bowl/cup of 词汇运用、语法填空 ★★★★☆ 顺序副词 First/Next/Finally 排序、写作 ★★★★★ cut/pour/add/mix... 词汇运用、完形 ★★★★☆ What/How 感叹句 单选、句型转换 ★★★★★ be going to 单选、语法填空、写作 ★★★★★ want/plan/decide/hope to do 单选、完成句子 ★★★★☆ take up / stick to / make sure 词汇运用、写作 ★★★★☆ 3. 考情规律 题型 考察内容 词汇运用 围绕食材、烹饪步骤、职业、计划和自我提升考词义与搭配。 语法填空/句型转换 重点考可数/不可数、感叹句、be going to 和动词不定式。 完形/阅读理解 常以做菜经历、家庭记忆、制定并坚持计划为语篇。 书面表达 高频任务为“介绍一道菜的做法”和“我的新年计划/自我提升计划”。 ❯❯❯知识梳理·方法技巧❮❮❮ 【单元思维导图】 Unit 5 What a Delicious Meal! 核心词汇 ingredient, boil, bake, pour, mix, bowl, tablespoon, recipe 核心句型 How many/much...? / First...Next...Finally... 语法精讲 感叹句；可数/不可数名词 写作指导 食谱/做菜说明：食材→步骤→成品感受 【单元思维导图】 Unit 6 Plan for Yourself 核心词汇 engineer, designer, resolution, achieve, confident, take up, stick to 核心句型 I am going to... / I want/plan to... 语法精讲 be going to；不定式作宾语 写作指导 新年计划：目标→具体行动→坚持方式 ▶核心知识点 1：how many / how much：可数与不可数的数量提问 教材原句： How many tomatoes and eggs do we need? 译文：我们需要多少个西红柿和鸡蛋？ How much do we need? 译文：我们需要多少？ 用法 how many + 可数名词复数；how much + 不可数名词。 tomatoes/eggs/onions 等可数；milk/butter/salt/sugar/flour 等多作不可数名词。 易错警示： many 后名词要用复数；much 后不能直接接可数名词复数。 典例 — ______ milk do we need? — Half a cup. A. How many B. How much C. How often D. How long ▶核心知识点 2：量词 + of：把不可数名词“数出来” 教材原句： Get one tablespoon of butter and half a cup of milk. 译文：取一汤匙黄油和半杯牛奶。 a slice of bread 译文：一片面包 用法 不可数名词可借助量词表示具体数量：a cup of milk, a bowl of rice, a piece of cake, a bottle of milk, a slice of bread。 复数量由量词变化体现，如 two cups of milk。 易错警示： 量词变复数时，不可数名词本身通常不加复数词尾，如 two cups of milk。 典例 Please give me two ______ of bread. A. slice B. slices C. breads D. piece ▶核心知识点 3：First/Next/Then/After that/Finally：描述步骤 教材原句： First, cut the tomatoes into small pieces. 译文：首先，把西红柿切成小块。 Finally, put the eggs back into the pan. 译文：最后，把鸡蛋放回锅里。 用法 顺序副词帮助读者快速看清过程。常用 First→Next→Then/After that→Finally。 步骤类写作中，一个步骤一句，动词尽量放句首。 易错警示： 顺序词要符合真实操作先后，不能只机械堆叠而造成逻辑倒置。 典例 ______，put the finished dish on a plate and serve it. A. First B. Finally C. Before D. Because ▶核心知识点 4：cut...into / pour...into / add...to / mix...with：烹饪搭配 教材原句： Cut the tomatoes into small pieces. 译文：把西红柿切成小块。 Add the milk and butter to the potatoes, and mix. 译文：把牛奶和黄油加入土豆并混合。 用法 cut A into B“把A切成B”；pour A into B“把A倒入B”；add A to B“把A加入B”；mix A with B“把A和B混合”。 这些介词不能随意互换。 易错警示： add 的方向是 A to B；pour 的容器目标常用 into。 典例 Next, ______ the milk into the blender. A. pour B. cut C. bake D. boil ▶核心知识点 5：boil / bake / heat / stir-fry：烹饪动作辨析 教材原句： Boil the potatoes until they are soft. 译文：把土豆煮到变软。 Heat some oil in a pan. 译文：在平底锅里加热一些油。 用法 boil“煮沸/水煮”；bake“烘烤”；heat“加热”；stir-fry“翻炒”。 选择动词时根据工具、温度和食物状态判断。 易错警示： bake 通常与 oven 搭配；boil 常与 water/pot 搭配。 典例 Put the cake in the oven and ______ it for about 40 minutes. A. boil B. bake C. pour D. mash ▶核心知识点 6：What/How 感叹句：抓中心词 教材原句： What an amazing smell! 译文：多么香的味道啊！ How simple! 译文：多么简单啊！ 用法 What + (a/an) + 形容词 + 名词 (+ 主语+谓语)!；How + 形容词/副词 (+ 主语+谓语)! 先找感叹部分的中心词：中心是名词用 What，中心是形容词/副词用 How。 易错警示： 可数名词单数前注意 a/an；How 后不直接接 a/an + 名词。 典例 ______ delicious the soup tastes! A. What B. What a C. How D. How a ▶核心知识点 7：be going to + 动词原形：计划、打算与迹象 教材原句： I’m going to exercise every day. 译文：我打算每天锻炼。 I’m going to read more classics. 译文：我打算读更多经典作品。 用法 be going to + 动词原形表示主语已经有的计划、打算，也可表示根据当前迹象作出的预测。 be 随主语变化为 am/is/are。 易错警示： going to 后接动词原形；不要写 is going to studies / is going to studying。 典例 Tina is going to ______ art lessons to improve her drawing. A. takes B. take C. taking D. took ▶核心知识点 8：want/plan/hope/decide to do：不定式作宾语 教材原句： I want to be a writer when I’m older. 译文：我长大后想成为作家。 How do you plan to do that? 译文：你打算怎样做到？ 用法 want/plan/hope/decide/learn 等动词后常接 to do 作宾语；教材计划语境中常见 want to be, plan to do, hope to...。 不定式表达未完成的目标或打算时非常常见。 易错警示： want/plan 后不能直接接动词-ing 表示同一结构；plan to do 不是 plan doing。 典例 Jason plans ______ hard at maths to become an IT engineer. A. work B. working C. to work D. worked ▶核心知识点 9：take up / keep on doing / stick to：开始、继续与坚持 教材原句： People might decide they are going to take up a hobby. 译文：人们可能决定开始培养一项爱好。 Keep on writing stories and essays. 译文：继续写故事和文章。 用法 take up 表示“开始从事”；keep on doing sth 表示“继续做”；stick to sth 表示“坚持某事/计划”。 描述执行计划时可形成“take up→keep on→stick to”的行动链。 易错警示： keep on 后接动名词；stick to 中 to 是介词，后接名词或动名词。 典例 If you want to improve, you should stick to ______ every day. A. practise B. practising C. practised D. to practise ▶核心知识点 10：make sure / try one’s best / achieve：把目标变成行动 教材原句： Just make sure you try your best at school. 译文：只要确保你在学校尽最大努力。 Try to set mini-goals to help you achieve your resolution. 译文：尽量设定小目标来帮助你实现决心。 用法 make sure + 句子 / to do 表示“确保”；try one’s best to do 表示“尽最大努力”；achieve + goal/resolution 表示“实现目标/决心”。 好的计划要具体、可行、可检查。 易错警示： achieve 通常直接接 goal/dream/result 作宾语，不说 achieve to do。 典例 To ______ your goal, make a clear plan and take action. A. achieve B. arrive C. borrow D. compare ▶核心知识点 11：have to do with / be tired of / make resolutions：计划语境搭配 教材原句： Some resolutions have to do with learning new things. 译文：有些决心与学习新事物有关。 They are tired of city life. 译文：他们厌倦了城市生活。 用法 have to do with 表示“与……有关”；be tired of + 名词/动名词表示“厌倦……”；make a resolution 表示“下决心/制定决心”。 这些短语常用于说明计划的类别、原因和背景。 易错警示： be tired of 中 of 是介词；have to do with 是固定整体，不要按“必须做”理解。 典例 My new resolution has to do ______ improving my health. A. at B. with C. to D. for ▶核心知识点 12：draw to a close / last but not least / confident：组织计划文章 教材原句： As the year draws to a close, it is the perfect time to think about changes. 译文：随着一年接近尾声，正是思考改变的好时候。 Last but not least, my English isn’t good enough. 译文：最后但同样重要的是，我的英语还不够好。 用法 draw to a close 表示“接近结束”；last but not least 用于列举最后一点但强调其重要性；be confident in/about 表示“对……有信心”。 写三项计划时可用 first / also / last but not least 形成清晰层次。 易错警示： last but not least 不等于“最不重要”；它强调最后一点同样重要。 典例 ______，I am going to spend more time reading English books. A. Last but not least B. At first C. By accident D. In fact of ▶语法总结 1：感叹句与可数/不可数名词 项目 结构/规则 示例 What 感叹句 What + (a/an) + adj. + n. (+ S+V)! What an amazing smell! How 感叹句 How + adj./adv. (+ S+V)! How delicious the dish looks! 可数名词 可直接计数；复数可与 many/how many 连用 tomatoes, eggs, bowls 不可数名词 通常借助量词；与 much/how much 连用 milk, butter, salt, flour 典例 ______ useful advice it is for beginners! A. What B. What a C. How D. How a ▶语法总结 2：be going to 与动词不定式 结构 用法 示例 be going to + do 计划、打算；有迹象的预测 I’m going to exercise every day. want to + do 表达愿望/目标 I want to be a writer. plan/hope/decide to + do 表达计划、希望、决定 I plan to read more books. keep on + doing / stick to + n./doing 继续与坚持 Keep on writing. / Stick to the plan. 典例 She wants ______ a designer, so she is going to ______ art lessons. A. be; take B. to be; take C. being; taking D. to be; taking ▶写作指导 1：How to Make My Favourite Dish 【审题三步走】 1. 写清菜名和主要食材，必要时写数量。 2. 用 First/Next/Then/Finally 分步骤，每步使用准确烹饪动词。 3. 结尾写成品特点或为什么喜欢这道菜。 【三段式写作提纲】 段落 写作内容 第一段 Dish + Ingredients：菜名、食材和数量。 第二段 Steps：按顺序写4—5个步骤。 第三段 Ending：味道、感受或家庭记忆。 【完整范文】 How to Make Stir-fried Eggs and Tomatoes My favourite dish is stir-fried eggs and tomatoes. We need three eggs, four tomatoes, some salt and a little sugar. First, cut the tomatoes into small pieces and mix the eggs in a bowl. Next, heat some oil in a pan and stir-fry the eggs for a minute. Then take them out and cook the tomatoes until they are soft. Add salt and sugar. Finally, put the eggs back and mix everything together. What a simple and delicious dish it is! ▶写作指导 2：My New Year’s Resolutions 【审题三步走】 1. 先说明为什么要制定计划，再列出2—3项改进目标。 2. 每个目标必须写“我要做什么 + 怎样做”，多用 be going to。 3. 结尾写坚持方式或对未来的期待。 【三段式写作提纲】 段落 写作内容 第一段 Opening：新年/新阶段 + 自我提升意愿。 第二段 Resolutions：列2—3项目标及具体行动。 第三段 Closing：如何坚持 + 信心。 【完整范文】 My New Year’s Resolutions A new year is coming, and I am going to make some changes. First, I want to become healthier, so I’m going to exercise three times a week. Second, I’m going to improve my English by reading for twenty minutes every day and keeping on writing short diaries. Last but not least, I want to be more organized. I’m going to write down my weekly tasks and set small goals. I know plans only work when we take action, so I will try my best to stick to them. ❯❯❯考场练兵·分层实战❮❮❮ 一、单词拼写（每小题1分，共4分） 根据句意及首字母提示填写单词。 1. Please p________ the milk into the bowl slowly. 2. How much b________ do we need for the potatoes? 3. My cousin wants to be an e________ and design bridges. 4. A New Year’s r________ is a promise you make to yourself. 二、单项选择（每小题1分，共4分） 1. — ______ sugar do we need? — Just one spoon. A. How many B. How much C. How often D. How far 2. ______ wonderful memories we have of Grandma’s kitchen! A. What B. What a C. How D. How a 3. Tina is going to ______ drawing every day. A. practises B. practise C. practising D. practised 4. If you make a resolution, try to ______ it instead of giving up quickly. A. stick to B. cut up C. pour into D. take out 三、完成句子（每小题2分，共4分） 1. 最后，把牛奶倒进搅拌机。 Finally, ______ the milk ______ the blender. 2. 我打算开始培养一项新爱好。 I am going to ______ ______ a new hobby. 四、完形填空（每小题1分，共5分） Lily decided to learn cooking during the holiday. Her first dish was a simple vegetable soup. First, she cut the vegetables (1) ______ small pieces. Next, she put them in a pot and added water. She asked her mother how (2) ______ salt she needed. After the soup was ready, she said, “(3) ______ delicious it smells!” Lily enjoyed the experience so much that she made a new plan. She is going to (4) ______ one new dish every month. To make the plan work, she wrote it down and promised to stick (5) ______ it. 1. A. in B. into C. at D. for 2. A. many B. much C. long D. often 3. A. What B. What a C. How D. How a 4. A. learn B. learns C. learning D. learnt 5. A. with B. on C. to D. for 五、阅读理解A（每小题2分，共10分） Peter wanted to learn a Chinese dish, so Teng Fei showed him how to make stir-fried eggs and tomatoes. They prepared eggs, tomatoes, salt and sugar. Peter cut the tomatoes, mixed the eggs and heated some oil. They cooked the eggs first and took them out, then cooked the tomatoes until soft. At the end, they put the eggs back into the pan and mixed everything. Peter was surprised that a tasty dish could be so simple. 1. Who taught Peter to cook the dish? ____________________________________________________________________ 2. What four ingredients are mentioned? ____________________________________________________________________ 3. What did Peter do with the tomatoes? ____________________________________________________________________ 4. When were the eggs put back into the pan? ____________________________________________________________________ 5. How did Peter feel about the dish? ____________________________________________________________________ 六、阅读理解B（每小题2分，共10分） At the beginning of the year, Ben made a resolution to become fitter. At first, his goal was too big: he wanted to exercise every day for an hour. After one week, he felt tired and stopped. Then his teacher suggested setting smaller goals. Ben changed his plan to three short workouts each week and wrote them on his timetable. He also asked a friend to remind him. This time he was able to stick to the plan and became more confident. 1. What was Ben’s resolution? ____________________________________________________________________ 2. Why did his first plan fail? ____________________________________________________________________ 3. What advice did his teacher give? ____________________________________________________________________ 4. How often did Ben exercise after changing the plan? ____________________________________________________________________ 5. What changed after he stuck to the new plan? ____________________________________________________________________ 七、任务型阅读（每小题2分，共10分） Food can carry memories. A grandmother learnt to make pumpkin pie when she was a college student and later taught the recipe to her granddaughter. Years later, the smell of cinnamon still reminded the granddaughter of her grandmother’s kitchen. The family did more than cook a dessert: they shared time, stories and love. This is why cooking can connect people across generations and cultures. 1. When did the grandmother learn to make pumpkin pie? ____________________________________________________________________ 2. Who did she later teach? ____________________________________________________________________ 3. What smell reminded the granddaughter of the kitchen? ____________________________________________________________________ 4. Besides food, what did the family share? ____________________________________________________________________ 5. What can cooking connect according to the passage? ____________________________________________________________________ 八、书面表达（共15分） 请以“My New Year’s Resolutions”为题写一篇约80—100词短文。内容包括：至少三项想改进的方面；每项具体行动；你准备怎样坚持这些计划。 ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ 1/1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题 03 Units 5~6（期末复习讲义）八年级上册 内 容 导 航 考情透视·目标导航 透析期末考向，锚定备考重心 知识梳理·方法技巧 梳理核心脉络，扫除知识盲区 考场练兵·分层实战 阶梯实战演练，验收复习成效 ❯❯❯考情透视·目标导航❮❮❮ 1. 复习目标 类别 具体内容 复习重点 1 掌握可数/不可数名词及 how many/how much、常见量词结构； 2 掌握 first/next/then/after that/finally 等顺序副词和核心烹饪动词； 3 掌握 What/How 感叹句的基本结构； 4 掌握 be going to 表计划、打算与有迹象的预测，并复习常见动词不定式作宾语； 5 掌握职业、计划、决心、自我提升等核心词汇并完成食谱与计划类写作。 复习难点 1 区分可数名词复数与不可数名词，选择 many/much 及量词； 2 What 与 How 感叹句的中心词判断； 3 be going to 后必须接动词原形，并与一般现在时安排等表达区分； 4 resolution 写作要把“目标”转化为可执行的具体行动。 2. 高频考点速览 高频考点 考查形式 建议掌握度 how many / how much 单选、补全对话 ★★★★★ 量词 a piece/bowl/cup of 词汇运用、语法填空 ★★★★☆ 顺序副词 First/Next/Finally 排序、写作 ★★★★★ cut/pour/add/mix... 词汇运用、完形 ★★★★☆ What/How 感叹句 单选、句型转换 ★★★★★ be going to 单选、语法填空、写作 ★★★★★ want/plan/decide/hope to do 单选、完成句子 ★★★★☆ take up / stick to / make sure 词汇运用、写作 ★★★★☆ 3. 考情规律 题型 考察内容 词汇运用 围绕食材、烹饪步骤、职业、计划和自我提升考词义与搭配。 语法填空/句型转换 重点考可数/不可数、感叹句、be going to 和动词不定式。 完形/阅读理解 常以做菜经历、家庭记忆、制定并坚持计划为语篇。 书面表达 高频任务为“介绍一道菜的做法”和“我的新年计划/自我提升计划”。 ❯❯❯知识梳理·方法技巧❮❮❮ 【单元思维导图】 Unit 5 What a Delicious Meal! 核心词汇 ingredient, boil, bake, pour, mix, bowl, tablespoon, recipe 核心句型 How many/much...? / First...Next...Finally... 语法精讲 感叹句；可数/不可数名词 写作指导 食谱/做菜说明：食材→步骤→成品感受 【单元思维导图】 Unit 6 Plan for Yourself 核心词汇 engineer, designer, resolution, achieve, confident, take up, stick to 核心句型 I am going to... / I want/plan to... 语法精讲 be going to；不定式作宾语 写作指导 新年计划：目标→具体行动→坚持方式 ▶核心知识点 1：how many / how much：可数与不可数的数量提问 教材原句： How many tomatoes and eggs do we need? 译文：我们需要多少个西红柿和鸡蛋？ How much do we need? 译文：我们需要多少？ 用法 how many + 可数名词复数；how much + 不可数名词。 tomatoes/eggs/onions 等可数；milk/butter/salt/sugar/flour 等多作不可数名词。 易错警示： many 后名词要用复数；much 后不能直接接可数名词复数。 典例 — ______ milk do we need? — Half a cup. A. How many B. How much C. How often D. How long 答案：B 解析：milk 为不可数名词，数量提问用 How much。 ▶核心知识点 2：量词 + of：把不可数名词“数出来” 教材原句： Get one tablespoon of butter and half a cup of milk. 译文：取一汤匙黄油和半杯牛奶。 a slice of bread 译文：一片面包 用法 不可数名词可借助量词表示具体数量：a cup of milk, a bowl of rice, a piece of cake, a bottle of milk, a slice of bread。 复数量由量词变化体现，如 two cups of milk。 易错警示： 量词变复数时，不可数名词本身通常不加复数词尾，如 two cups of milk。 典例 Please give me two ______ of bread. A. slice B. slices C. breads D. piece 答案：B 解析：two 后量词 slice 用复数 slices，bread 保持不可数形式。 ▶核心知识点 3：First/Next/Then/After that/Finally：描述步骤 教材原句： First, cut the tomatoes into small pieces. 译文：首先，把西红柿切成小块。 Finally, put the eggs back into the pan. 译文：最后，把鸡蛋放回锅里。 用法 顺序副词帮助读者快速看清过程。常用 First→Next→Then/After that→Finally。 步骤类写作中，一个步骤一句，动词尽量放句首。 易错警示： 顺序词要符合真实操作先后，不能只机械堆叠而造成逻辑倒置。 典例 ______，put the finished dish on a plate and serve it. A. First B. Finally C. Before D. Because 答案：B 解析：“装盘并上菜”是最后步骤，用 Finally。 ▶核心知识点 4：cut...into / pour...into / add...to / mix...with：烹饪搭配 教材原句： Cut the tomatoes into small pieces. 译文：把西红柿切成小块。 Add the milk and butter to the potatoes, and mix. 译文：把牛奶和黄油加入土豆并混合。 用法 cut A into B“把A切成B”；pour A into B“把A倒入B”；add A to B“把A加入B”；mix A with B“把A和B混合”。 这些介词不能随意互换。 易错警示： add 的方向是 A to B；pour 的容器目标常用 into。 典例 Next, ______ the milk into the blender. A. pour B. cut C. bake D. boil 答案：A 解析：“把牛奶倒进搅拌机”用 pour...into...。 ▶核心知识点 5：boil / bake / heat / stir-fry：烹饪动作辨析 教材原句： Boil the potatoes until they are soft. 译文：把土豆煮到变软。 Heat some oil in a pan. 译文：在平底锅里加热一些油。 用法 boil“煮沸/水煮”；bake“烘烤”；heat“加热”；stir-fry“翻炒”。 选择动词时根据工具、温度和食物状态判断。 易错警示： bake 通常与 oven 搭配；boil 常与 water/pot 搭配。 典例 Put the cake in the oven and ______ it for about 40 minutes. A. boil B. bake C. pour D. mash 答案：B 解析：oven 是烘烤设备，应用 bake。 ▶核心知识点 6：What/How 感叹句：抓中心词 教材原句： What an amazing smell! 译文：多么香的味道啊！ How simple! 译文：多么简单啊！ 用法 What + (a/an) + 形容词 + 名词 (+ 主语+谓语)!；How + 形容词/副词 (+ 主语+谓语)! 先找感叹部分的中心词：中心是名词用 What，中心是形容词/副词用 How。 易错警示： 可数名词单数前注意 a/an；How 后不直接接 a/an + 名词。 典例 ______ delicious the soup tastes! A. What B. What a C. How D. How a 答案：C 解析：中心词是形容词 delicious，且有主谓 the soup tastes，用 How。 ▶核心知识点 7：be going to + 动词原形：计划、打算与迹象 教材原句： I’m going to exercise every day. 译文：我打算每天锻炼。 I’m going to read more classics. 译文：我打算读更多经典作品。 用法 be going to + 动词原形表示主语已经有的计划、打算，也可表示根据当前迹象作出的预测。 be 随主语变化为 am/is/are。 易错警示： going to 后接动词原形；不要写 is going to studies / is going to studying。 典例 Tina is going to ______ art lessons to improve her drawing. A. takes B. take C. taking D. took 答案：B 解析：be going to 后接动词原形 take。 ▶核心知识点 8：want/plan/hope/decide to do：不定式作宾语 教材原句： I want to be a writer when I’m older. 译文：我长大后想成为作家。 How do you plan to do that? 译文：你打算怎样做到？ 用法 want/plan/hope/decide/learn 等动词后常接 to do 作宾语；教材计划语境中常见 want to be, plan to do, hope to...。 不定式表达未完成的目标或打算时非常常见。 易错警示： want/plan 后不能直接接动词-ing 表示同一结构；plan to do 不是 plan doing。 典例 Jason plans ______ hard at maths to become an IT engineer. A. work B. working C. to work D. worked 答案：C 解析：plan to do sth 是固定结构。 ▶核心知识点 9：take up / keep on doing / stick to：开始、继续与坚持 教材原句： People might decide they are going to take up a hobby. 译文：人们可能决定开始培养一项爱好。 Keep on writing stories and essays. 译文：继续写故事和文章。 用法 take up 表示“开始从事”；keep on doing sth 表示“继续做”；stick to sth 表示“坚持某事/计划”。 描述执行计划时可形成“take up→keep on→stick to”的行动链。 易错警示： keep on 后接动名词；stick to 中 to 是介词，后接名词或动名词。 典例 If you want to improve, you should stick to ______ every day. A. practise B. practising C. practised D. to practise 答案：B 解析：stick to 中 to 是介词，后接动名词 practising。 ▶核心知识点 10：make sure / try one’s best / achieve：把目标变成行动 教材原句： Just make sure you try your best at school. 译文：只要确保你在学校尽最大努力。 Try to set mini-goals to help you achieve your resolution. 译文：尽量设定小目标来帮助你实现决心。 用法 make sure + 句子 / to do 表示“确保”；try one’s best to do 表示“尽最大努力”；achieve + goal/resolution 表示“实现目标/决心”。 好的计划要具体、可行、可检查。 易错警示： achieve 通常直接接 goal/dream/result 作宾语，不说 achieve to do。 典例 To ______ your goal, make a clear plan and take action. A. achieve B. arrive C. borrow D. compare 答案：A 解析：achieve one’s goal 表示“实现目标”。 ▶核心知识点 11：have to do with / be tired of / make resolutions：计划语境搭配 教材原句： Some resolutions have to do with learning new things. 译文：有些决心与学习新事物有关。 They are tired of city life. 译文：他们厌倦了城市生活。 用法 have to do with 表示“与……有关”；be tired of + 名词/动名词表示“厌倦……”；make a resolution 表示“下决心/制定决心”。 这些短语常用于说明计划的类别、原因和背景。 易错警示： be tired of 中 of 是介词；have to do with 是固定整体，不要按“必须做”理解。 典例 My new resolution has to do ______ improving my health. A. at B. with C. to D. for 答案：B 解析：固定搭配 have to do with。 ▶核心知识点 12：draw to a close / last but not least / confident：组织计划文章 教材原句： As the year draws to a close, it is the perfect time to think about changes. 译文：随着一年接近尾声，正是思考改变的好时候。 Last but not least, my English isn’t good enough. 译文：最后但同样重要的是，我的英语还不够好。 用法 draw to a close 表示“接近结束”；last but not least 用于列举最后一点但强调其重要性；be confident in/about 表示“对……有信心”。 写三项计划时可用 first / also / last but not least 形成清晰层次。 易错警示： last but not least 不等于“最不重要”；它强调最后一点同样重要。 典例 ______，I am going to spend more time reading English books. A. Last but not least B. At first C. By accident D. In fact of 答案：A 解析：列举最后一项重要计划时用 Last but not least。 ▶语法总结 1：感叹句与可数/不可数名词 项目 结构/规则 示例 What 感叹句 What + (a/an) + adj. + n. (+ S+V)! What an amazing smell! How 感叹句 How + adj./adv. (+ S+V)! How delicious the dish looks! 可数名词 可直接计数；复数可与 many/how many 连用 tomatoes, eggs, bowls 不可数名词 通常借助量词；与 much/how much 连用 milk, butter, salt, flour 典例 ______ useful advice it is for beginners! A. What B. What a C. How D. How a 答案：A 解析：advice 为不可数名词，What + adj. + 不可数名词。 ▶语法总结 2：be going to 与动词不定式 结构 用法 示例 be going to + do 计划、打算；有迹象的预测 I’m going to exercise every day. want to + do 表达愿望/目标 I want to be a writer. plan/hope/decide to + do 表达计划、希望、决定 I plan to read more books. keep on + doing / stick to + n./doing 继续与坚持 Keep on writing. / Stick to the plan. 典例 She wants ______ a designer, so she is going to ______ art lessons. A. be; take B. to be; take C. being; taking D. to be; taking 答案：B 解析：want to be；be going to 后接动词原形 take。 ▶写作指导 1：How to Make My Favourite Dish 【审题三步走】 1. 写清菜名和主要食材，必要时写数量。 2. 用 First/Next/Then/Finally 分步骤，每步使用准确烹饪动词。 3. 结尾写成品特点或为什么喜欢这道菜。 【三段式写作提纲】 段落 写作内容 第一段 Dish + Ingredients：菜名、食材和数量。 第二段 Steps：按顺序写4—5个步骤。 第三段 Ending：味道、感受或家庭记忆。 【完整范文】 How to Make Stir-fried Eggs and Tomatoes My favourite dish is stir-fried eggs and tomatoes. We need three eggs, four tomatoes, some salt and a little sugar. First, cut the tomatoes into small pieces and mix the eggs in a bowl. Next, heat some oil in a pan and stir-fry the eggs for a minute. Then take them out and cook the tomatoes until they are soft. Add salt and sugar. Finally, put the eggs back and mix everything together. What a simple and delicious dish it is! ▶写作指导 2：My New Year’s Resolutions 【审题三步走】 1. 先说明为什么要制定计划，再列出2—3项改进目标。 2. 每个目标必须写“我要做什么 + 怎样做”，多用 be going to。 3. 结尾写坚持方式或对未来的期待。 【三段式写作提纲】 段落 写作内容 第一段 Opening：新年/新阶段 + 自我提升意愿。 第二段 Resolutions：列2—3项目标及具体行动。 第三段 Closing：如何坚持 + 信心。 【完整范文】 My New Year’s Resolutions A new year is coming, and I am going to make some changes. First, I want to become healthier, so I’m going to exercise three times a week. Second, I’m going to improve my English by reading for twenty minutes every day and keeping on writing short diaries. Last but not least, I want to be more organized. I’m going to write down my weekly tasks and set small goals. I know plans only work when we take action, so I will try my best to stick to them. ❯❯❯考场练兵·分层实战❮❮❮ 一、单词拼写（每小题1分，共4分） 根据句意及首字母提示填写单词。 1. Please p________ the milk into the bowl slowly. 2. How much b________ do we need for the potatoes? 3. My cousin wants to be an e________ and design bridges. 4. A New Year’s r________ is a promise you make to yourself. 【答案】1.pour；2.butter；3.engineer；4.resolution 二、单项选择（每小题1分，共4分） 1. — ______ sugar do we need? — Just one spoon. A. How many B. How much C. How often D. How far 2. ______ wonderful memories we have of Grandma’s kitchen! A. What B. What a C. How D. How a 3. Tina is going to ______ drawing every day. A. practises B. practise C. practising D. practised 4. If you make a resolution, try to ______ it instead of giving up quickly. A. stick to B. cut up C. pour into D. take out 【答案】1.B；2.A；3.B；4.A 【解析】1. sugar 为不可数名词，数量提问用 How much。 【解析】2. memories 是可数名词复数，结构为 What + adj. + 复数名词。 【解析】3. be going to 后接动词原形。 【解析】4. stick to a resolution 表示“坚持决心/计划”。 三、完成句子（每小题2分，共4分） 1. 最后，把牛奶倒进搅拌机。 Finally, ______ the milk ______ the blender. 2. 我打算开始培养一项新爱好。 I am going to ______ ______ a new hobby. 【答案】1.pour; into；2.take; up 四、完形填空（每小题1分，共5分） Lily decided to learn cooking during the holiday. Her first dish was a simple vegetable soup. First, she cut the vegetables (1) ______ small pieces. Next, she put them in a pot and added water. She asked her mother how (2) ______ salt she needed. After the soup was ready, she said, “(3) ______ delicious it smells!” Lily enjoyed the experience so much that she made a new plan. She is going to (4) ______ one new dish every month. To make the plan work, she wrote it down and promised to stick (5) ______ it. 1. A. in B. into C. at D. for 2. A. many B. much C. long D. often 3. A. What B. What a C. How D. How a 4. A. learn B. learns C. learning D. learnt 5. A. with B. on C. to D. for 【答案】1.B；2.B；3.C；4.A；5.C 【解析】cut...into... 固定搭配。 【解析】salt 不可数，用 how much。 【解析】中心词 delicious 是形容词，用 How。 【解析】be going to 后接动词原形。 【解析】stick to 为固定搭配。 五、阅读理解A（每小题2分，共10分） Peter wanted to learn a Chinese dish, so Teng Fei showed him how to make stir-fried eggs and tomatoes. They prepared eggs, tomatoes, salt and sugar. Peter cut the tomatoes, mixed the eggs and heated some oil. They cooked the eggs first and took them out, then cooked the tomatoes until soft. At the end, they put the eggs back into the pan and mixed everything. Peter was surprised that a tasty dish could be so simple. 1. Who taught Peter to cook the dish? 2. What four ingredients are mentioned? 3. What did Peter do with the tomatoes? 4. When were the eggs put back into the pan? 5. How did Peter feel about the dish? 【答案】1.Teng Fei.；2.Eggs, tomatoes, salt and sugar.；3.He cut them into pieces.；4.At the end/finally.；5.He was surprised and thought it was simple/tasty. 六、阅读理解B（每小题2分，共10分） At the beginning of the year, Ben made a resolution to become fitter. At first, his goal was too big: he wanted to exercise every day for an hour. After one week, he felt tired and stopped. Then his teacher suggested setting smaller goals. Ben changed his plan to three short workouts each week and wrote them on his timetable. He also asked a friend to remind him. This time he was able to stick to the plan and became more confident. 1. What was Ben’s resolution? 2. Why did his first plan fail? 3. What advice did his teacher give? 4. How often did Ben exercise after changing the plan? 5. What changed after he stuck to the new plan? 【答案】1.To become fitter.；2.The goal was too big/difficult.；3.Set smaller goals.；4.Three times/three short workouts a week.；5.He became more confident (and fitter). 七、任务型阅读（每小题2分，共10分） Food can carry memories. A grandmother learnt to make pumpkin pie when she was a college student and later taught the recipe to her granddaughter. Years later, the smell of cinnamon still reminded the granddaughter of her grandmother’s kitchen. The family did more than cook a dessert: they shared time, stories and love. This is why cooking can connect people across generations and cultures. 1. When did the grandmother learn to make pumpkin pie? 2. Who did she later teach? 3. What smell reminded the granddaughter of the kitchen? 4. Besides food, what did the family share? 5. What can cooking connect according to the passage? 【答案】1.When she was a college student.；2.Her granddaughter.；3.The smell of cinnamon.；4.Time, stories and love.；5.People across generations and cultures. 八、书面表达（共15分） 请以“My New Year’s Resolutions”为题写一篇约80—100词短文。内容包括：至少三项想改进的方面；每项具体行动；你准备怎样坚持这些计划。 【参考范文】 My New Year’s Resolutions The new year is a good time to improve myself. First, I’m going to get healthier by jogging three times a week. Second, I want to improve my English, so I’m going to read English books and keep on writing a short diary. Third, I want to be more organized. I’m going to make a weekly timetable and set small goals. I will write my resolutions down and ask my family to remind me. I know it may be difficult, but I will try my best to stick to my plans. 1/1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $