Unit 6 Earth first 单词短语句型语法（教材考点精练）英语外研版必修第二册

**基本信息** 聚焦“Earth first”单元核心语言要素，构建“词汇-句型-语法-语用”渐进式训练体系，强化语言能力与学习能力培养。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |考点概览|40词汇+12词组+4句型|清单式梳理|从基础词汇（如dive, sustainable）到功能句型（如not all...），构建单元主题词块网络| |小题夯基|35题（含语法填空2篇）|分层设题：首字母/提示填空→词形变化→语法应用|遵循“输入-内化-输出”逻辑，从词汇识别到语法规则（如时态、非谓语）运用| |综合攻坚|完形填空15题+写作1题|语篇综合：记叙文完形+应用文写作|从单句到语篇，考查主题语境（环保、动物保护）中的语言综合运用，提升思维品质|

Unit 6 Earth first 单元重点单词短语句型语法精练 参考答案 考点夯基攻坚 小题夯基·精准突破 一、根据首字母填空（共5小题，每小题1分，共5分） 1.(d)ive 2.(a)ttitude 3.(S)ustainable 4.(r)eserve 5.(h)ighlight 二、根据汉语提示填空（共5小题，每小题1分，共5分） 1.sharks　 2.target　 3.damage　 4.supply　 5. restore　 三、用单词的适当形式填空（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 1.severely　 2.adoption　 3.cruelty　 4.devotion　 5.was established　 6.infection　 7.permission　 8.reduction　 9.affected　 10.Fortunately　　 四、语法填空（两篇，每篇共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分，共30分） Passage 1（2025·湖北省荆州市高一上学期期末） 【答案】1.What　2.largest　3.to surround　4.a　5.its 6.and　7.effectively　8.to　9.has dropped　10.achieving Passage 2（广东省肇庆市2024-2025学年高一下期末） 【答案】1. larger 2. cutting 3. to grow 4. called 5. and 6. into 7. a 8. success 9. that##which 10. be brought 五、完成句子（共10小题，每小题2分，满分20分） 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.Not everyone 2.Confused by the sudden change　 3.make things worse　 4.The number of cars　 5.due to　 6.sees failure as　 7.rather than　 8.the other way round　 9.tells the story of a hero　 10.by mistake　 综合攻坚·知能拔高 一、完形填空（共15道题，1分一个，共15分） 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A 4. C 5. A 6. B 7. D 8. D 9. C 10. D 11. B 12. B 13. A 14. D 15. C 二、应用文写作（满分15分） 【参考范文】 “Trash to Treasure” Contest, a Hit at Our School Last week, our school organized a recycling design contest themed “Trash to Treasure”, aiming to encourage students to make art from discarded objects. The contest lasted for two hours. A variety of wonderful works were displayed, ranging from colorful plastic lamps made out of recycled plastic bottles to appealing purses made of gently used jeans. Students were also required to narrate the inspiration behind each piece. All the people present were amazed by the works. The contest received wide attention from both students and teachers, who spoke highly of creators’ hard work and creativity. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生就学校上周举办了主题为“Trash to Treasure”的回收创意大赛写一篇报道。 【详解】1.词汇积累 鼓励：encourage→ motivate 比赛：contest → competition 吸引人的：appealing→attractive 高度评价：speak highly of→ think highly of 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Last week, our school organized a recycling design contest themed “Trash to Treasure”, aiming to encourage students to make art from discarded objects. 拓展句：Last week, our school organized a recycling design contest themed “Trash to Treasure”, whose aim was to encourage students to make art from discarded objects. 【点睛】【高分句型1】A variety of wonderful works were displayed, ranging from colorful plastic lamps made out of recycled plastic bottles to appealing purses made of gently used jeans.（运用了现在分词作状语和过去分词作定语） 【高分句型2】The contest received wide attention from both students and teachers, who spoke highly of creators’ hard work and creativity.（运用who引导的非限制性定语从句） $ Unit 6 Earth first 单元重点单词短语句型语法精练 （时间：60分钟，满分：100分） 教材考点概览 重点词汇 1．dive v．(通常指使用呼吸设备的)潜水 2．target v．把……作为目标 3．attitude n．(尤指通过行为表现出的对某事的一般)看法，态度 4．ocean n．海洋，大海 5．highlight v．使……突出，使注意力集中于 6．establish v．建立，设立 7．damage v．破损，损害，损伤 8．drought n．旱灾，干旱 9．flood n．洪水，水灾 10．supply n．煤气、电力、自来水等供应(系统) 11．restore v．使恢复 12．adopt v．采取(某种方法) 13．carbon n．碳 14．greenhouse n．温室，暖房 15．reduce v．减少，降低 16．release v．释放，排放 17．smog n．烟雾，雾霾 18．severe adj.(问题、伤势、疾病等)很严重的 19．lecture n．(尤指大学里的)讲座，讲课，演讲 20．majority n．多数，大多数(人或物) 21．false adj.不正确的，错误的 22．amount n．数量，数额 23．device n．设备，仪器，装置 24．electricity n．电 25．leak v．(使)漏，(使)渗漏 26．remove v．移走，搬走，去掉；拔掉 27．campaign n．(宣传)活动 28．canteen n．(工厂、学校等的)食堂，餐厅 29．average adj.平均(数)的 30．shark n．鲨(鱼) 31．presentation n．报告，(观点的)陈述，说明 32．reserve n．(野生生物)保护区 33．staff n．员工 34．sustainable adj.可持续的，不破坏环境的 35．brochure n．小册子 36．solar adj.利用太阳光(能)的 37．slide n．幻灯片 38．mode n．(机器、设备的)运行方式，状态，模式 39．appliance n．家用电器，家用器具 40．plug n．(电)插头 重点词组 1．refer to参考；涉及；指的是 2．due to由于，因为 3．be scared of害怕…… 4．have an effect upon对……有影响 5．come across偶然遇到 6．rather than而不是 7．take steps采取措施 8．mistake...for...把……误当作…… 9．break down分解；出故障；谈判失败；(健康、精神等)垮掉 10．common sense常识 11．take...into account把……考虑进去 12．call on号召 重点句型 1．This was not only due to fear of sharks，but also finning. 这不仅是因为对鲨鱼的恐惧，而且还是为了切去鱼鳍。 2．In 1980，Benchley was diving when he came across an awful sight.在1980年，本奇正在潜水，这时他遇到了一个可怕的场景。 3．Fortunately，not everyone who watched the film Jaws became afraid of sharks.幸运的是，并不是所有看过《大白鲨》这部电影的人都害怕鲨鱼。 4．Order less and take leftover food home when dining in restaurants.在饭店吃饭时少点餐并把剩菜带回家。 考点夯基攻坚 小题夯基·精准突破 一、根据首字母填空（共5小题，每小题1分，共5分） 1.He took a deep breath and prepared to d　　　　　　 into the cold water. 【答案】(d)ive　 【解析】句意：他深吸一口气，准备跳入冰冷的水中。dive 意为 “跳水”；prepare to do sth. 准备做某事，to 后接动词原形。故填 (d) ive。 2.His positive a　　　　　　 towards life helped him overcome many difficulties. 【答案】(a)ttitude　 【解析】句意：他积极的生活态度帮助他克服了许多困难。attitude 意为 “态度”，attitude towards…“对…… 的态度”，为固定搭配。故填 (a) ttitude。 3.S　　　　　　 development is essential for ensuring a healthy planet for future generations. 【答案】(S)ustainable　 【解析】句意：可持续发展对于为后代守护一个健康的星球至关重要。sustainable 意为 “可持续的”，形容词修饰名词 development；sustainable development 是固定短语 “可持续发展”，句首首字母大写。故填 (S) ustainable。 4.The national park is a wildlife r　　　　　　 where animals can live undisturbed. 【答案】(r)eserve　 【解析】句意：这个国家公园是一处野生动物保护区，动物可以在此不受打扰地生活。reserve 意为 “保护区”，wildlife reserve “野生动物保护区”。不定冠词 a 后接单数名词。故填 (r) eserve。 5.She used a red pen to h　　　　　　 the important points in the document. 【答案】(h)ighlight　 【解析】句意：她用一支红笔标出文件中的重点。highlight 意为 “突出，强调；标出”；use sth. to do sth. 用某物做某事，to 后接动词原形。故填 (h) ighlight。 二、根据汉语提示填空（共5小题，每小题1分，共5分） 1.The documentary highlighted the importance of protecting 　　　　　　（鲨鱼）in the ocean. 【答案】sharks　 2.The software company decided to 　　　　　　（把……作为目标）young people with its latest app update. 【答案】target　 3.Ignoring the problem could result in irreparable 　　　　　　（损害）to the equipment. 【答案】damage　 4.The company needs to increase its 　　　　　　（供应）of products to meet growing demands. 【答案】supply　 5.The team worked hard to 　　　　　　（使恢复）power to the affected neighborhood after the storm. 【答案】restore　 三、用单词的适当形式填空（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 1.The earthquake 　　　　　　（severe）damaged many buildings in the city. 【答案】severely　 【解析】句意：这场地震严重损毁了城市里的许多建筑物。此处修饰动词 damaged 要用副词，severe 是形容词，severely “严重地”。故填 severely。 2.The 　　　　　　（adopt）of new technology has greatly improved our work efficiency. 【答案】adoption　 【解析】句意：新技术的采用极大提升了我们的工作效率。定冠词 the 后接名词，adopt 是动词，adoption“采用，采纳”。故填 adoption。 3.The documentary exposed the 　　　　　　（cruel）faced by farm animals in factory farming. 【答案】cruelty　 【解析】句意：这部纪录片揭露了工厂化养殖中农场动物遭受的残忍待遇。定冠词 the 后接名词，cruel 是形容词，cruelty“残忍，残酷”。故填 cruelty。 4.His 　　　　　　（devote）to the cause inspired many others to join the movement. 【答案】devotion　 【解析】句意：他对这项事业的奉献激励许多其他人加入这场运动。形容词性物主代词 his 后接名词，devote 是动词，devotion“奉献，投入”。故填 devotion。 5.The company 　　　　　　（establish）in 1990 and has grown rapidly since then. 【答案】was established　 【解析】句意：这家公司成立于 1990 年，从那以后发展迅速。主语 the company 和 establish 之间是被动关系；时间 in 1990 表示过去，用一般过去时的被动语态。故填 was established。 6.Hand-washing regularly is the best way to prevent the spread of 　　　　　　（infect）. 【答案】infection　 【解析】句意：经常洗手是防止传染病传播最好的方式。介词 of 后面接名词，infect 是动词，infection“感染，传染病”。故填 infection。 7.You should ask for 　　　　　　（permit）before using other people’s computer. 【答案】permission　 【解析】句意：使用他人电脑前你应该征得许可。短语 ask for permission “请求许可”；介词 for 后接名词，permit 作动词表示 “允许”，名词 permission “许可”。故填 permission。 8.The diet plan emphasizes a 　　　　　　（reduce）in sugar and processed foods for better health. 【答案】reduction　 【解析】句意：这份饮食方案强调减少糖分和加工食品摄入以促进健康。不定冠词 a 后接名词，reduce 是动词，reduction“减少，降低”。故填 reduction。 9.The people 　　　　　　（affect）by the earthquake are in urgent need of food and shelter. 【答案】affected　 【解析】句意：受地震影响的人们急需食物和住所。people 与 affect 之间是被动关系，用过去分词作后置定语。故填 affected。 10.　　　　　　 （fortunate）,the fire was put out before it could spread to other buildings. 【答案】Fortunately　　 【解析】句意：幸运的是，大火在蔓延到其他建筑物之前就被扑灭了。此处修饰整个句子要用副词，fortunate 是形容词，fortunately “幸运地”；置于句首，首字母大写。故填 Fortunately。 四、语法填空（两篇，每篇共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分，共30分） Passage 1（2025·湖北省荆州市高一上学期期末） 　　阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Called as the “Sea of Death”, the Taklamakan Desert in China’s Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region covers 337,600 square kilometers. ____1____ also surprises us is that its circumference （周长） measures 3,046 kilometers or so,making it the ____2____ large） desert in China. It has taken more than 40 years ____3____ （surround） the Taklamakan fully with a green belt.The Taklamakan Desert control project is ____4____ part of the Three-North Shelterbelt Forest Program （TSFP） launched in 1978,whose aim is to deal with desertification（沙漠化）. With the TSFP and measures such as the Grain for Green Program,China has handed in ____5____ it） own answer sheet to desertification. According to the National Forestry and Grassland Administration,over 35.8 million hectares（公顷）of desertified land have been protected， ____6____ over 7.8 million hectares of desertified land have been ____7____ （effective） restored.The forest coverage rate in the TSFP area has increased from 12.41 ____8____ 13.84 percent.Additionally,61 percent of the soil erosion （土壤侵蚀） areas have been controlled successfully， and the “green line” in the Yellow River Basin has shifted 300 kilometers westward. In the past 10 years,the frequency of severe dusty weather in spring in northern China ____9____ （drop） significantly.China has taken the global lead in ____10____ （achieve） “zero growth” in land degradation and a “dual （双的） reduction” in desertification and desertified land. 【答案】1.What　2.largest　3.to surround　4.a　5.its 6.and　7.effectively　8.to　9.has dropped　10.achieving 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国政府治理沙漠化所做出的努力。 【1 题详解】 What　考查主语从句。句意：同样让我们惊讶的是，它的周长约为 3046 公里，是中国最大的沙漠。本空引导主语从句，从句中缺少主语、指物，用连接词 What 引导，意为 “…… 的事情”。 【2 题详解】 largest　考查形容词最高级。句意：同样让我们惊讶的是，它的周长约为 3046 公里，是中国最大的沙漠。根据 in China 可知，在中国范围内进行比较，空格前有定冠词 the，故用形容词最高级形式。 【3 题详解】 to surround　考查非谓语动词。句意：用了 40 多年的时间，塔克拉玛干才被绿化带完全包围。It takes＋一段时间＋to do sth 是固定句型，意为 “做某事花费多长时间”，不定式作真正的主语。 【4 题详解】 a　考查冠词。句意：塔克拉玛干沙漠治理工程是 1978 年启动的三北防护林工程（TSFP）的一部分，其目的是应对荒漠化。a part of ... 为固定搭配，意为 “…… 的一部分”。 【5 题详解】 its　考查代词。句意：中国在沙漠化问题上交出了自己的答卷。修饰名词 answer sheet，需要使用形容词性物主代词 its。 【6 题详解】 and　考查连词。句意：据国家林业和草原局统计，全国累计保护沙化土地 3580 多万公顷，有效恢复沙化土地 780 多万公顷。空格前后为两个完整分句，属于并列顺承关系，用并列连词 and 连接。 【7 题详解】 effectively　考查副词。句意同上一题。此处修饰动词 restored，要用副词形式 effectively，表示 “有效地”。 【8 题详解】 to　考查固定短语。句意：三北防护林工程区森林覆盖率由 12.41% 提高到 13.84%。固定搭配 from ...to ...，意为 “从…… 到……”。 【9 题详解】 has dropped　考查时态。句意：近 10 年来，中国北方春季严重沙尘天气发生频率明显下降。时间状语 In the past 10 years 是现在完成时标志性时间状语，主语 the frequency 为单数，故填 has dropped。 【10 题详解】 achieving　考查动名词。句意：中国在全球率先实现了土地退化 “零增长”、荒漠化和沙化土地 “双减”。空前是介词 in，介词后面需要接动名词作宾语，故填 achieving。 Passage 2（广东省肇庆市2024-2025学年高一下期末） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Damaged environment return s to full health The Loess Plateau (黄土高原) in China was once one of the most environmentally damaged regions on the planet. A plateau is a region of fairly level high ground. This area is ____1____ (large) than France and home to over 100 million people. It suffered terrible damage due to people farming, grazing their animals and ____2____ (cut) down trees. All these activities meant it became impossible ____3____ (grow) crops there. Now, a recently published study has revealed that a project ____4____ (call) Grain for Green, which began in 1999, has reversed this damage. Grain for Green worked by banning tree-cutting ____5____ uncontrolled grazing, while giving farmers money to plant trees and grow grass. By 2016, about 30,000 square kilometres of land had been turned ____6____ forests and grasslands, and plant life had increased by a quarter. As ____7____ result, animals and birds have begun to come back to the area. “As the environment improved, all the birds returned,” forestry worker Yan Rufeng told China’s state-run news channel CGTN. Not all the locals wanted to make the changes, but the project has been a big ____8____ (succeed). The landscape has been transformed into a thriving habitat ____9____ sets an example to the rest of the world. It shows that with proper land management, damaged ecosystems can ____10____ (bring) back to life. 【答案】1. larger 2. cutting 3. to grow 4. called 5. and 6. into 7. a 8. success 9. that##which 10. be brought 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国黄土高原地区通过实施“退耕还林”项目，成功修复了受损的生态环境，为全球生态恢复提供了范例。 【1题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：这个地区比法国还大，居住着超过1亿人口。提示词作表语，根据“than France”可知，用比较级larger，意为“更大的”。故填larger。 【2题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：由于人们耕种、放牧和砍伐树木，这里遭受了可怕的破坏。介词短语due to后应用动名词cutting作宾语，与“farming”和“grazing their animals”构成并列关系。故填cutting。 【3题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：所有这些活动意味着在那里种植庄稼是不可能的。It be/become impossible to do...是固定句型，意为“做……是不可能的”，句中it是形式主语，真正的宾语为动词不定式短语“to grow crops there”。故填to grow。 【4题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：现在，最近发表的一项研究显示，始于1999年的一个名为“退耕还林”的项目已经扭转了这种破坏。“(call) Grain for Green”作后置定语，call(给……命名，称呼)用非谓语形式，与其逻辑主语a project之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式表被动。故填called。 【5题详解】 考查连词。句意：“退耕还林”项目禁止砍伐树木和随意放牧，同时向农民提供资金来植树种草。“tree-cutting”和“uncontrolled grazing”是并列关系，用连词and连接。故填and。 【6题详解】 考查介词。句意：到2016年，约3万平方公里的土地变成了森林和草原，植物数量增加了四分之一。turn...into...为固定短语，意为“把……变成……”。故填into。 【7题详解】 考查冠词。句意：结果，动物和鸟类开始回到这个地区。as a result为固定短语，意为“结果”。故填a。 【8题详解】 考查名词。句意：并不是所有的当地人都想做出改变，但这个项目取得了巨大的成功。空处应填名词success作表语，意为“成功的人或事物”，且由不定冠词a修饰，用单数形式。故填success。 【9题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：这片土地已经变成了一个繁荣的栖息地，为世界上其他地方树立了榜样。空格处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词habitat，指物，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语，应使用关系代词that或which引导该从句。故填that或which。 【10题详解】 考查语态。句意：这表明，通过适当的土地管理，受损的生态系统可以恢复生机。bring是从句中谓语动词，与主语damaged ecosystems之间是被动关系，用原形构成含情态动词的被动语态can be brought。故填be brought。 五、完成句子（共10小题，每小题2分，满分20分） 1.　　　　　　　　　　　　 （并非所有人）trusted the new policy;some questioned its effectiveness. 【答案】Not everyone　 2.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 （ 对突然的变化感到困惑）,she stared at the email in disbelief. 【答案】Confused by the sudden change　 3.She knew that arguing with him would only 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　（使事情变得更糟）,so she stayed silent. 【答案】make things worse　 4.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 （汽车的数量）on the road has doubled in the past decade. 【答案】The number of cars　 5.He missed the meeting 　　　　　　　（由于）a family emergency. 【答案】due to　 6.He often 　　　　　　　　　　　　（把失败看作）a stepping stone to success. 【答案】sees failure as　 7.She wanted to solve the problem herself 　　　　　　　　　　　（而不是）ask for help. 【答案】rather than　 8.I thought she was helping him,but it was 　　　　　　　　　　　　（颠倒过来）— he was helping her. 【答案】the other way round　 9.The movie 　　　　　　　　　（讲述一位英雄的故事）who saves his village from disaster. 【答案】tells the story of a hero　 10.He left his keys at the office 　　　　　　　　（无意中）and had to go back to get them. 【答案】by mistake　 综合攻坚·知能拔高 一、完形填空 辽宁省重点中学协作校2024-2025学年高二下学期7月期末联考英语试题（共15道题，1分一个，共15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 I’ve always had a passion for animals but my parents worked long hours, so I was just ____1____ a parrot at home. He was kept in a cage and couldn’t fly ____2____, and often fell behind the oven when we let him out. I think I’ve been destined to ____3____ the strays (流浪宠物). I went with a friend to a farm to buy her dog and there was a tiny poor sheepdog. I bought her on the ____4____. I got my first kitten from a charity, to offer the dog ____5____ while I was working. They loved each other. My dog was 16 when she died, and she ended up being a security ____6____ to eight skinny adopted cats through the years. One day in 2023, my son rang to tell me there was a white rabbit on the road. We ____7____ it with the aid of sweeping brushes and buckets. I advertised him, but no one ____8____ him. Alan, another adopted dog, liked our rescue Siamese cat Po, and they were ____9____. Not long after, my friend Jane sent me a(n) ____10____ to rehome an ancient Siamese cat who hadn’t much sight. “You know what you want,” she said. We couldn’t ____11____ a huge and fluffy one. He got around clicking like sonar (声呐) and always ____12____ his way to our laps. We said it would be enough to keep these animals. Then a friend asked me to ____13____ details of a chow mutt found wandering as a stray. We went to see her — just to look. My heart was ____14____. But I couldn’t stop thinking about her. Someone was lined up to see her and I rang the shelter in ____15____. Yes, she’s now part of the family. 1. A. boasted B. arranged C. allowed D. shown 2. A. silently B. properly C. directly D. deliberately 3. A. take in B. take on C. quest for D. adapt to 4. A. horizon B. whole C. spot D. way 5. A. company B. safety C. compassion D. freedom 6. A. vest B. blanket C. helmet D. towel 7.A. played B. cleaned C. kidnapped D. caught 8. A. defended B. purchased C. hired D. claimed 9. A. uneasy. B. intolerable C. inseparable D. unaware 10. A. warning B. protest C. enquiry D. appeal 11. A. bury B. resist C. liberate D. control 12. A. felt B. made C. inched D. squeezed 13. A. spread B. shorten C. polish D. explain 14. A. worn-out B. wide-open C. highly-sensitive D. sealed-off 15. A. innocence B. surprise C. panic D. doubt 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A 4. C 5. A 6. B 7. D 8. D 9. C 10. D 11. B 12. B 13. A 14. D 15. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了作者从小因父母工作繁忙，只被允许养一只鹦鹉；后来逐渐开始救助流浪动物，并与这些动物建立了深厚感情，救助行为也成为生活的一部分。 【1题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一直很喜欢动物，但父母工作时间很长，所以家里只允许我养一只鹦鹉。A. boasted夸耀；B. arranged安排；C. allowed允许；D. shown展示。根据上文“but my parents worked long hours”和下文“He was kept in a cage and couldn’t fly”可知，父母工作忙所以作者只被允许养鹦鹉。故选C。 【2题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：它被关在笼子里，不能正常飞行，我们放它出来时，它还经常掉到烤箱后面。A. silently安静地；B. properly正常地；适当地；C. directly直接地；D. deliberately故意地。根据“He was kept in a cage and couldn’t fly”可知，鹦鹉长期被关在笼子里，飞行能力受影响，因此是不能正常飞行。故选B。 【3题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我觉得我注定要收留流浪宠物。A. take in收留，接纳；B. take on承担，呈现；C. quest for寻找；D. adapt to适应。根据“the strays”和第四段提到作者收养了多种流浪动物，可知作者认为自己注定要收养流浪宠物。故选A。 【4题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我当场就买下了它。A. horizon视野；B. whole整体；C. spot地点，现场；D. way方式。根据“I went with a friend to a farm to buy her dog and there was a tiny poor sheepdog. I bought her ”推知，作者当场买下了可怜的小牧羊犬。on the spot“当场”。故选C。 【5题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从慈善机构领养了第一只小猫，以便我工作时能给狗作伴。A. company陪伴；B. safety安全；C. compassion同情；D. freedom自由。根据“while I was working. ”推知，作者工作时，小猫可以陪伴狗，避免狗孤单。故选A。 【6题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的狗16岁时去世了，这些年来，它最终成了8只被收养的瘦小猫的“安全毯”。A. vest背心；B. blanket毯子（比喻“安全感来源”）；C. helmet头盔；D. towel毛巾。根据“she ended up being a security”可知，牧羊犬为被收养的8只小猫提供了安全感，security blanket是固定搭配，原指“儿童用来获得安全感的毯子”，此处比喻狗给小猫带来安全感符合语境。故选B。 【7题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们用扫帚和水桶帮忙把它抓住了。A. played玩耍；B. cleaned清洁；C. kidnapped绑架；D. caught抓住。根据“with the aid of sweeping brushes and buckets”可知，此处是指用工具抓住了兔子。故选D。 【8题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我发布了认领启事，但没人认领它。A. defended保卫；B. purchased购买；C. hired雇佣；D. claimed认领。根据“I advertised him”和表示转折的but可知，作者为兔子找主人，但没人认领。故选D。 【9题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：另一只被收养的狗艾伦喜欢我们救助的暹罗猫波，它们形影不离。A. uneasy不安的；B. intolerable无法忍受的；C. inseparable形影不离的；D. unaware未察觉的。根据“Alan, another adopted dog, liked our rescue Siamese cat Po”可知，狗和猫关系好，形影不离。故选C。 【10题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：不久之后，我的朋友简给我发了一条求助信息，恳求能给一只视力不佳的老暹罗猫找个新家。A. warning警告；B. protest抗议；C. enquiry询问；D. appeal呼吁，求助。根据“to rehome an ancient Siamese cat who hadn’t much sight.”可知，为流浪猫找新家是求助，朋友恳求作者收留流浪猫。故选D。 【11题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们无法抗拒这只又大又毛茸茸的猫。A. bury埋葬；B. resist抗拒；C. liberate解放；D. control控制。根据“a huge and fluffy one” 并结合作者喜欢动物可知，作者无法抗拒收养这只猫。故选B。 【12题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它通过像声呐一样的咔嗒声辨别方向，总能设法爬到我们的腿上。A. felt感觉；B. made制作；C. inched缓慢移动；D. squeezed挤压。根据“He got around clicking like sonar”推知，猫总能找到作者，make one’s way to意为“设法到达，前往”。故选B。 【13题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后一个朋友让我转发一只被发现流浪的松狮混血犬的信息。A. spread传播，转发；B. shorten缩短；C. polish润色；D. explain解释。根据上文“We said it would be enough to keep these animals. ”和“details of a chow mutt found wandering as a stray”可知，作者认为自己收养的流浪动物已经够多了，因此朋友请作者转发为流浪狗找家的信息。故选A。 【14题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的心已经封闭起来（不想再收养动物）。A. worn-out疲惫的；B. wide-open敞开的，被打动的；C. highly-sensitive高度敏感的；D. sealed-off封锁的。根据上文“We went to see her — just to look.”可知，作者就只打算看看，并不打算收养，即内心是封闭起来的。故选D。 【15题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：已经有人排队要来看它了，我焦急地给收容所打了电话。A. innocence天真；B. surprise惊讶；C. panic焦急；恐慌；D. doubt怀疑。根据上文“But I couldn’t stop thinking about her.”和下文“Yes, she’s now part of the family.”可知，作者担心狗被别人领养，因此焦急地打电话给收容所。故选C。 二、应用文写作 湖南常德市汉寿县汉寿县第一中学2025-2026学年高二上学期2月期末考试英语试题（满分15分） 假定你是李华，你校上周举办了主题为“Trash to Treasure”的回收创意大赛，鼓励学生们利用废弃物品制作艺术品。请你为此次活动写一篇报道，给你校英文报投稿。内容包括： 1. 比赛目的；2. 比赛内容；3. 学生反响。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 “Trash to Treasure” Contest, a Hit at Our School _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【参考范文】 “Trash to Treasure” Contest, a Hit at Our School Last week, our school organized a recycling design contest themed “Trash to Treasure”, aiming to encourage students to make art from discarded objects. The contest lasted for two hours. A variety of wonderful works were displayed, ranging from colorful plastic lamps made out of recycled plastic bottles to appealing purses made of gently used jeans. Students were also required to narrate the inspiration behind each piece. All the people present were amazed by the works. The contest received wide attention from both students and teachers, who spoke highly of creators’ hard work and creativity. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生就学校上周举办了主题为“Trash to Treasure”的回收创意大赛写一篇报道。 【详解】1.词汇积累 鼓励：encourage→ motivate 比赛：contest → competition 吸引人的：appealing→attractive 高度评价：speak highly of→ think highly of 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Last week, our school organized a recycling design contest themed “Trash to Treasure”, aiming to encourage students to make art from discarded objects. 拓展句：Last week, our school organized a recycling design contest themed “Trash to Treasure”, whose aim was to encourage students to make art from discarded objects. 【点睛】【高分句型1】A variety of wonderful works were displayed, ranging from colorful plastic lamps made out of recycled plastic bottles to appealing purses made of gently used jeans.（运用了现在分词作状语和过去分词作定语） 【高分句型2】The contest received wide attention from both students and teachers, who spoke highly of creators’ hard work and creativity.（运用who引导的非限制性定语从句） 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 6 Earth first 单元重点单词短语句型语法精练 （时间：60分钟，满分：100分） 教材考点概览 重点词汇 1．dive v． 2．target v． 3．attitude n． 4．ocean n． 5．highlight v． 6．establish v． 7．damage v． 8．drought n． 9．flood n． 10．supply n． 11．restore v． 12．adopt v． 13．carbon n． 14．greenhouse n． 15．reduce v． 16．release v． 17．smog n． 18．severe adj. 19．lecture n． 20．majority n． 21．false adj. 22．amount n． 23．device n． 24．electricity n． 25．leak v． 26．remove v． 27．campaign n． 28．canteen n． 29．average adj. 30．shark n．鲨(鱼) 31．presentation n． 32．reserve n． 33．staff n． 34．sustainable adj. 35．brochure n． 36．solar adj. 37．slide n． 38．mode n． 39．appliance n． 40．plug n． 重点词组 1． 参考；涉及；指的是 2． 由于，因为 3． 害怕…… 4． 对……有影响 5． 偶然遇到 6． 而不是 7． 采取措施 8． 把……误当作…… 9． 分解；出故障；谈判失败，垮掉 10． 常识 11． 把……考虑进去 12． 号召 重点句型 1．This was due to fear of sharks， finning. 这不仅是因为对鲨鱼的恐惧，而且还是为了切去鱼鳍。 2．In 1980，Benchley he came across an awful sight.在1980年，本奇正在潜水，这时他遇到了一个可怕的场景。 3．Fortunately， who watched the film Jaws became afraid of sharks.幸运的是，并不是所有看过《大白鲨》这部电影的人都害怕鲨鱼。 4．Order less and take leftover food home ______ in restaurants.在饭店吃饭时少点餐并把剩菜带回家。 考点夯基攻坚 小题夯基·精准突破 一、根据首字母填空（共5小题，每小题1分，共5分） 1.He took a deep breath and prepared to d　　　　　　 into the cold water. 2.His positive a　　　　　　 towards life helped him overcome many difficulties. 3.S　　　　　　 development is essential for ensuring a healthy planet for future generations. 4.The national park is a wildlife r　　　　　　 where animals can live undisturbed. 5.She used a red pen to h　　　　　　 the important points in the document. 二、根据汉语提示填空（共5小题，每小题1分，共5分） 1.The documentary highlighted the importance of protecting 　　　　　　（鲨鱼）in the ocean. 2.The software company decided to 　　　　　　（把……作为目标）young people with its latest app update. 3.Ignoring the problem could result in irreparable 　　　　　　（损害）to the equipment. 4.The company needs to increase its 　　　　　　（供应）of products to meet growing demands. 5.The team worked hard to 　　　　　　（使恢复）power to the affected neighborhood after the storm. 三、用单词的适当形式填空（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 1.The earthquake 　　　　　　（severe）damaged many buildings in the city. 2.The 　　　　　　（adopt）of new technology has greatly improved our work efficiency. 3.The documentary exposed the 　　　　　　（cruel）faced by farm animals in factory farming. 4.His 　　　　　　（devote）to the cause inspired many others to join the movement. 5.The company 　　　　　　（establish）in 1990 and has grown rapidly since then. 6.Hand-washing regularly is the best way to prevent the spread of 　　　　　　（infect）. 7.You should ask for 　　　　　　（permit）before using other people’s computer. 8.The diet plan emphasizes a 　　　　　　（reduce）in sugar and processed foods for better health. 9.The people 　　　　　　（affect）by the earthquake are in urgent need of food and shelter. 10.　　　　　　 （fortunate）,the fire was put out before it could spread to other buildings. 四、语法填空（两篇，每篇共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分，共30分） Passage 1（2025·湖北省荆州市高一上学期期末） 　　阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Called as the “Sea of Death”, the Taklamakan Desert in China’s Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region covers 337,600 square kilometers. ____1____ also surprises us is that its circumference （周长） measures 3,046 kilometers or so,making it the ____2____ large） desert in China. It has taken more than 40 years ____3____ （surround） the Taklamakan fully with a green belt.The Taklamakan Desert control project is ____4____ part of the Three-North Shelterbelt Forest Program （TSFP） launched in 1978,whose aim is to deal with desertification（沙漠化）. With the TSFP and measures such as the Grain for Green Program,China has handed in ____5____ it） own answer sheet to desertification. According to the National Forestry and Grassland Administration,over 35.8 million hectares（公顷）of desertified land have been protected， ____6____ over 7.8 million hectares of desertified land have been ____7____ （effective） restored.The forest coverage rate in the TSFP area has increased from 12.41 ____8____ 13.84 percent.Additionally,61 percent of the soil erosion （土壤侵蚀） areas have been controlled successfully， and the “green line” in the Yellow River Basin has shifted 300 kilometers westward. In the past 10 years,the frequency of severe dusty weather in spring in northern China ____9____ （drop） significantly.China has taken the global lead in ____10____ （achieve） “zero growth” in land degradation and a “dual （双的） reduction” in desertification and desertified land. Passage 2（广东省肇庆市2024-2025学年高一下期末） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Damaged environment return s to full health The Loess Plateau (黄土高原) in China was once one of the most environmentally damaged regions on the planet. A plateau is a region of fairly level high ground. This area is ____1____ (large) than France and home to over 100 million people. It suffered terrible damage due to people farming, grazing their animals and ____2____ (cut) down trees. All these activities meant it became impossible ____3____ (grow) crops there. Now, a recently published study has revealed that a project ____4____ (call) Grain for Green, which began in 1999, has reversed this damage. Grain for Green worked by banning tree-cutting ____5____ uncontrolled grazing, while giving farmers money to plant trees and grow grass. By 2016, about 30,000 square kilometres of land had been turned ____6____ forests and grasslands, and plant life had increased by a quarter. As ____7____ result, animals and birds have begun to come back to the area. “As the environment improved, all the birds returned,” forestry worker Yan Rufeng told China’s state-run news channel CGTN. Not all the locals wanted to make the changes, but the project has been a big ____8____ (succeed). The landscape has been transformed into a thriving habitat ____9____ sets an example to the rest of the world. It shows that with proper land management, damaged ecosystems can ____10____ (bring) back to life. 五、完成句子（共10小题，每小题2分，满分20分） 1.　　　　　　　　　　　　 （并非所有人）trusted the new policy;some questioned its effectiveness. 2.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 （ 对突然的变化感到困惑）,she stared at the email in disbelief. 3.She knew that arguing with him would only 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　（使事情变得更糟）,so she stayed silent. 4.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 （汽车的数量）on the road has doubled in the past decade. 5.He missed the meeting 　　　　　　　（由于）a family emergency. 6.He often 　　　　　　　　　　　　（把失败看作）a stepping stone to success. 7.She wanted to solve the problem herself 　　　　　　　　　　　（而不是）ask for help. 8.I thought she was helping him,but it was 　　　　　　　　　　　　（颠倒过来）— he was helping her. 9.The movie 　　　　　　　　　（讲述一位英雄的故事）who saves his village from disaster. 10.He left his keys at the office 　　　　　　　　（无意中）and had to go back to get them. 综合攻坚·知能拔高 一、完形填空 辽宁省重点中学协作校2024-2025学年高二下学期7月期末联考英语试题（共15道题，1分一个，共15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 I’ve always had a passion for animals but my parents worked long hours, so I was just ____1____ a parrot at home. He was kept in a cage and couldn’t fly ____2____, and often fell behind the oven when we let him out. I think I’ve been destined to ____3____ the strays (流浪宠物). I went with a friend to a farm to buy her dog and there was a tiny poor sheepdog. I bought her on the ____4____. I got my first kitten from a charity, to offer the dog ____5____ while I was working. They loved each other. My dog was 16 when she died, and she ended up being a security ____6____ to eight skinny adopted cats through the years. One day in 2023, my son rang to tell me there was a white rabbit on the road. We ____7____ it with the aid of sweeping brushes and buckets. I advertised him, but no one ____8____ him. Alan, another adopted dog, liked our rescue Siamese cat Po, and they were ____9____. Not long after, my friend Jane sent me a(n) ____10____ to rehome an ancient Siamese cat who hadn’t much sight. “You know what you want,” she said. We couldn’t ____11____ a huge and fluffy one. He got around clicking like sonar (声呐) and always ____12____ his way to our laps. We said it would be enough to keep these animals. Then a friend asked me to ____13____ details of a chow mutt found wandering as a stray. We went to see her — just to look. My heart was ____14____. But I couldn’t stop thinking about her. Someone was lined up to see her and I rang the shelter in ____15____. Yes, she’s now part of the family. 1. A. boasted B. arranged C. allowed D. shown 2. A. silently B. properly C. directly D. deliberately 3. A. take in B. take on C. quest for D. adapt to 4. A. horizon B. whole C. spot D. way 5. A. company B. safety C. compassion D. freedom 6. A. vest B. blanket C. helmet D. towel 7.A. played B. cleaned C. kidnapped D. caught 8. A. defended B. purchased C. hired D. claimed 9. A. uneasy. B. intolerable C. inseparable D. unaware 10. A. warning B. protest C. enquiry D. appeal 11. A. bury B. resist C. liberate D. control 12. A. felt B. made C. inched D. squeezed 13. A. spread B. shorten C. polish D. explain 14. A. worn-out B. wide-open C. highly-sensitive D. sealed-off 15. A. innocence B. surprise C. panic D. doubt 二、应用文写作 湖南常德市汉寿县汉寿县第一中学2025-2026学年高二上学期2月期末考试英语试题（满分15分） 假定你是李华，你校上周举办了主题为“Trash to Treasure”的回收创意大赛，鼓励学生们利用废弃物品制作艺术品。请你为此次活动写一篇报道，给你校英文报投稿。内容包括： 1. 比赛目的；2. 比赛内容；3. 学生反响。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 “Trash to Treasure” Contest, a Hit at Our School _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $