2027届高考英语一轮话题复习之历史 导学案

该高中英语高考复习学案聚焦“历史与传统”话题，系统整合文化名词、动作动词、描述形容词等核心词汇及派生词，关联非谓语动词、时态语态、定语从句等语法考点，构建“词汇-短语-语法-写作”递进式知识网络。通过分类记忆任务、即时检测填空和语篇语境训练，引导学生自主梳理考点联系，形成结构化语言知识体系。 亮点在于自主诊断与分层提升设计，如核心短语即时检测题帮助学生定位薄弱点，单句/语篇填空分层训练巩固语法应用，写作模块提供邀请信模板和读后续写语料库，培养学生语言能力与文化意识。每个练习附易错点解析，支持学生个性化反思总结，教师可依据学情数据实施精准指导，有效提升备考效率。

高考英语一轮话题复习 · Unit 17 历史与传统 高考英语一轮话题复习之历史 Unit 17 历史与传统（History and Tradition） 单元话题说明 同学们，今天咱们复习“历史与传统”话题。名胜古迹、传统节日、文化传承，都是高考阅读、语法填空和书面表达中的常见素材。这一单元，我们要完成三个任务：积累话题词汇与派生词，在单句和语篇中巩固核心语法，学会写邀请信并积累续写语料。 这一话题在高考中怎么考？阅读和完形常选介绍名胜古迹、传统节日的语篇，语法填空偏爱文化遗产与历史人物主题，书面表达里“介绍传统节日”“保护传统文化”也是常见情境。本单元的练习全部按高考题型设计，练的就是考场上的真本事。 学完本单元，你将能够： 1. 在语境中准确运用“历史与传统”话题的核心词汇及派生词； 2. 正确使用非谓语动词、时态语态、定语从句等核心语法； 3. 写一篇结构清晰、要点完整的邀请信，并掌握读后续写的常用描写语料。 讲义答案统一放在文末，做完再对。 一、话题词汇积累 本话题的词汇可以按“文化名词—动作动词—描述形容词”三类来记，记忆时顺带记派生词，写作时换着用，文章立刻有层次。 （一）文化名词 单词 词性及词义 派生词（词性·词义） heritage n. 遗产；文化遗产 inheritor n. 继承人；inheritance n. 继承；遗产 tradition n. 传统；惯例 traditional adj. 传统的；traditionally adv. 传统地 civilization n. 文明 civilize vt. 使文明；civilized adj. 文明的 dynasty n. 朝代；王朝 dynastic adj. 朝代的 ancestor n. 祖先；祖宗 ancestral adj. 祖先的；ancestry n. 世系；血统 relic n. 遗物；遗迹 relics n. 文物；文化遗产 monument n. 纪念碑；历史遗迹 monumental adj. 不朽的；巨大的 custom n. 风俗；习惯 customary adj. 习惯的；惯例的 origin n. 起源；出身 original adj. 最初的；originally adv. 最初；originate vi. 起源于 symbol n. 象征；标志 symbolic adj. 象征性的；symbolize vt. 象征；代表 （二）动作动词 单词 词性及词义 派生词（词性·词义） preserve vt. 保护；保存；腌制 preservation n. 保护；保存；preserver n. 保护者 protect vt. 保护 protection n. 保护；protective adj. 保护的 inherit vt. 继承；经遗传获得 inheritance n. 继承；遗产；inheritor n. 继承人 restore vt. 修复；恢复；归还 restoration n. 修复；恢复 remain vi. 仍然是；留下；有待（做） remaining adj. 剩余的；remains n. 遗迹；残骸 celebrate vt. 庆祝；颂扬 celebration n. 庆祝活动；celebrated adj. 著名的 originate vi. 起源于；发源于 origin n. 起源；original adj. 最初的 witness vt. 见证 n. 目击者 —— worship vt.&n. 崇拜；敬奉 worshipper n. 崇拜者 abandon vt. 抛弃；放弃；中止 abandoned adj. 被抛弃的；abandonment n. 抛弃 （三）描述形容词 单词 词性及词义 派生词（词性·词义） significant adj. 重要的；意义重大的 significance n. 重要性；意义；significantly adv. 显著地 ancient adj. 古代的；古老的 ancestor n. 祖先；anciently adv. 在古代 splendid adj. 壮丽的；极好的 splendour n. 壮丽；辉煌 prosperous adj. 繁荣的；兴旺的 prosperity n. 繁荣；prosper vi. 繁荣 brilliant adj. 灿烂的；杰出的 brilliance n. 光辉；才华 unique adj. 独特的；独一无二的 uniquely adv. 独特地 diverse adj. 多样的；不同的 diversity n. 多样性；diversify vt. 使多样化 memorable adj. 值得纪念的；难忘的 memory n. 记忆；memorize vt. 记住 precious adj. 珍贵的；宝贵的 preciously adv. 珍贵地 remarkable adj. 非凡的；显著的 remarkably adv. 显著地；非常 【易混词辨析】 易混词 辨析 preserve / protect / remain preserve 侧重“保存并使不改变”（文物、传统）；protect 侧重“保护免受伤害”；remain 侧重“保持不变／剩下”。 custom / habit custom 指社会性风俗习惯；habit 指个人习惯。 historic / historical historic 有历史意义的（historic moment）；historical 与历史相关的（historical records）。 二、话题核心短语 下面的短语是“保护传承传统文化”类写作的得分点，建议直接背诵，应用文和续写里都用得上。 短语 释义 date back to / date from 追溯到；始于 be handed down / be passed down 流传下来；代代相传 from generation to generation 一代一代地 cultural heritage 文化遗产 intangible cultural heritage 非物质文化遗产 be regarded as 被视为；被看作 play an important role in 在……中起重要作用 be known for / as 因……而闻名 / 作为……而闻名 serve as 充当；用作 be rich in 富含；拥有丰富的 attach great importance to 高度重视 in memory of 为了纪念 bring ... back to life 使……恢复生机；使……重获新生 take pride in 为……感到自豪 in modern times 在现代；当今 a symbol of ……的象征 【即时检测】用所给短语的正确形式填空，学完马上用。 1. The Great Wall, ______ (be known as) a wonder of the world, attracts countless visitors every year. 2. Our school ______ (attach great importance to) the spread of traditional culture and holds a culture festival every year. 3. These ancient manuscripts ______ (date from) the Han Dynasty and are of great research value. 4. The region is ______ (be rich in) historical sites, which makes it a popular tourist destination. 5. We should all ______ (take pride in) our long and splendid civilization. 6. Even ______ (in modern times), traditional festivals still play an important role in family life. 三、基础训练 词汇和短语过完了，咱们小试牛刀。三组题由易到难：单句填空练语法点，完成句子练输出，语篇填空练综合。全部做完，再翻到文末对照答案；做错的题，回看解析中标注的考点和易错点。 （一）单句填空 用括号内单词的正确形式填空。 1. Located in the south of Anhui Province, the ancient village, ______ (date) back to the Ming Dynasty, is well known for its grey-tiled houses, quiet lanes and strong cultural atmosphere. 2. The old stone bridge, ______ (damage) by the flood last year, has been carefully restored and now looks as splendid as it did centuries ago. 3. With the rapid development of tourism, many precious cultural relics ______ (protect) by the local government since 2010. 4. It is the first time that the young man ______ (visit) the Palace Museum, so he is taking photos of almost everything he sees. 5. The Great Wall is one of the greatest architectural ______ (wonder) in the world, attracting millions of visitors every year. 6. The Dragon Boat Festival, ______ (tradition) celebrated on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month, has a history of more than 2,000 years. 7. The young man showed great ______ (curious) about the history of the ancient temple and asked the guide dozens of questions. 8. It is our duty to keep the fine traditions of our nation ______ (alive) and pass them on to the next generation. 9. ______ (face) with the challenge of protecting the ancient buildings, the local government has carried out a series of effective measures. 10. The museum, ______ collections are of great value, is well worth visiting during your stay in Beijing. 11. It is recommended that the old houses in the town ______ (protect) carefully so that their original style can be preserved. 12. Thanks to the power of literature, people now look at the ordinary scenery in ______ completely different light. （二）完成句子 根据汉语提示完成句子，每空一词。 1. 这座始建于唐代的古城，因其保存完好的明清建筑而闻名于世。 The ancient city, ______ ______ ______ the Tang Dynasty, is known worldwide for its well-preserved buildings from the Ming and Qing Dynasties. (date back to) 2. 这些传统技艺代代相传，承载着先辈们的智慧与情感。 These traditional skills have been ______ ______ from generation to generation, carrying the wisdom and emotions of our ancestors. (hand down) 3. 文化遗产不仅是国家的财富，也是全人类共同的宝贵财富。 Cultural heritage is not only a treasure of our country ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______. 4. 我们应该高度重视对非物质文化遗产的保护，使其薪火相传。 We should ______ great ______ ______ the protection of intangible cultural heritage so that it can continue to thrive. (attach) 5. 这座庙宇是为了纪念一位伟大的历史人物而修建的，每年吸引众多游客前来瞻仰。 The temple was built ______ ______ ______ a great historical figure, attracting a large number of visitors every year. (memory) 6. 当地政府已经采取有效措施来修复这些受损的文物，让它们重焕光彩。 The local government has ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ the damaged cultural relics to bring them back to life. (restore) 7. 随着现代生活节奏的加快，一些传统习俗正逐渐消失在人们的视野中。 With the pace of modern life ______ ______, some traditional customs are gradually disappearing from people’s sight. (speed) 8. 越来越多的人开始意识到，保护文物不仅是在守护历史，也是在传承文化。 More and more people are becoming ______ ______ protecting cultural relics is not only about guarding history but also about passing on culture. (aware) 9. 年轻一代有责任把这份宝贵的文化遗产传承下去，让它在新时代焕发新的生机。 ______ ______ ______ ______ the young generation to pass on this precious cultural heritage and bring it back to life in the new era. (duty) 10. 汉服不仅是一种服饰，更是中华文化的一张名片，正受到越来越多年轻人的喜爱。 Hanfu is not just a kind of clothing; it ______ ______ a symbol of Chinese culture and is gaining increasing popularity among young people. (serve) 11. 这座博物馆的藏品大多来自民间，见证了当地数百年的沧桑变迁。 Most of the collections in the museum come from ordinary families, ______ the great changes of the local area over the past hundreds of years. (witness) 12. 只有保护好这些珍贵的文化遗产，我们才能更好地向世界讲述中国故事。 Only by protecting these precious cultural heritages ______ we better tell China’s stories to the world. (can) （三）语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Passage A（北京中轴线） The Beijing Central Axis, 1.______ (stretch) 7.8 kilometres through the heart of the city, was added to the UNESCO World Heritage List in 2024. It is 2.______ longest surviving urban axis in the world, with the Forbidden City at its centre. 3.______ (build) over several centuries, the axis connects palaces, temples and markets, 4.______ (reflect) the ancient Chinese idea of harmony between nature and society. Walking along the axis today, visitors can 5.______ (true) feel the weight of history. However, the axis is not merely a thing of the past; it 6.______ (remain) a living part of the city, where people live, work and celebrate. The successful application for World Heritage status reminds us 7.______ the importance of preserving our cultural identity. As the city develops, new buildings are encouraged 8.______ (design) in harmony with the traditional landscape. In recent years, the axis 9.______ (become) a popular destination for young photographers. The Central Axis is a bridge between yesterday and tomorrow, and we should all take 10.______ in it. Passage B（二十四节气） The 24 solar terms, 1.______ (create) by ancient Chinese farmers more than 2,000 years ago, are a system of knowledge about time and seasons. They 2.______ (guide) agricultural activities and daily life for centuries. For example, farmers plant crops according 3.______ the solar terms, believing that the timing of planting decides the harvest. 4.______ (it) wisdom, however, goes far beyond farming. The solar terms also influence Chinese diet, clothing and festivals, 5.______ (show) how closely nature and human life are connected. In 2016, the 24 solar terms 6.______ (add) to UNESCO’s list of intangible cultural heritage, which filled Chinese people 7.______ great pride. Today, young people are rediscovering the charm of the solar terms by sharing poems and photos online, 8.______ proves that traditional culture can stay alive in modern times. We should learn from the wisdom of our ancestors and pass it 9.______, for the solar terms are 10.______ symbol of the harmony between man and nature. 注：solar terms 二十四节气；harvest n. 收获（语篇中的低频词，识记即可）。 四、写作提升 写作是话题复习的落脚点。这一部分练两种高考必考题型：应用文和读后续写。应用文我们给题目、审题指导和范文；续写不固定题目，只给语料和模板，照着背、照着套。 （一）应用文写作：邀请信 假定你是李华，你校学生会将于下周五下午在学校礼堂举办“中国传统文化节”（Chinese Traditional Culture Festival），届时将有书法展示、剪纸体验、汉服走秀等活动。请你给外教 Mr. Smith 写一封邮件，邀请他参加。 内容包括：1. 活动时间、地点；2. 活动内容；3. 表达期待。 注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 【审题指导】拿到邀请信，先做“三审”： 一审文体：邀请信属于应用文中的书信体，结构为“称呼—正文—落款”，称呼后用逗号，落款Yours sincerely后用逗号； 二审人称：以第一人称I为主，配合第二人称you，向对方发出邀请； 三审时态：介绍活动安排用一般现在时、一般将来时；表达期待常用would/could表示委婉礼貌。 【谋篇布局】写邀请信，思路就三步： 第一步，开门见山，说明写信目的——邀请对方参加什么活动，时间、地点一并交代清楚；第二步，介绍活动内容，再用一句话点出活动意义，让对方觉得“值得来”；第三步，礼貌收尾，表达期待回复。三段各两三句，80词左右刚好，别贪长。 【参考范文】 Dear Mr. Smith, I'm writing to invite you to the Chinese Traditional Culture Festival, which will be held in the school hall next Friday afternoon. The festival is designed to give us a chance to appreciate our rich cultural heritage. There will be various activities, such as calligraphy shows, paper-cutting workshops and hanfu displays, all of which you are sure to enjoy. I would appreciate it if you could come and join us. I'm convinced that your presence will add more color to the event. Looking forward to your reply. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【背诵模板】以下模板句围绕上文范文提炼，先对照范文体会每句的用法，再背固定框架；空格处按题目内容替换。 步骤 模板句（留空处按题目替换） 第一段：说明写信目的、交代时间地点 I'm writing to invite you to ______, which will be held in ______. 第二段：点明活动意义 The ______ is designed to ______. 第二段：介绍活动内容 There will be various activities, such as ______, ______ and ______, all of which you are sure to enjoy. 第三段：礼貌表达期待 I would appreciate it if you could ______. 第三段：期待回复 Looking forward to your reply. 【易错提示】 1. 邀请信要点必须齐全：时间、地点、活动内容、表达期待，缺一项就要扣分；2. 语气要礼貌真诚，避免You must come这样的命令式表达；3. 正文以一般现在时、一般将来时为主，不要乱用时态；4. 称呼和落款格式要规范，Dear后用逗号，结尾用Yours sincerely。 （二）读后续写：语料与模板背诵（不给试题） 读后续写题目千变万化，但描写素材是相对固定的。这里不练具体题目，只给大家整理一份素材库，按环境、动作情感、情节衔接、结尾升华四类，考前反复背诵，考场上直接调用。 1. 环境描写（历史感场景） The ancient town, bathed in the golden afternoon sunlight, looked as if it had been frozen in time. 沐浴在午后金色阳光下的古镇，仿佛凝固在了时光里。 The old courtyard, with its grey bricks and carved window frames, seemed to whisper stories of the past. 青砖灰瓦、雕花窗棂的老院子，仿佛在低声诉说着过去的故事。 A gentle breeze swept across the quiet street, carrying the faint smell of ink and old paper. 一阵微风拂过安静的街巷，送来淡淡的墨香与旧纸的气息。 2. 动作与情感描写 Tears of joy welled up in her eyes as she held the worn-out family album tightly in her arms. 当她把那本泛黄的相册紧紧抱在怀里时，喜悦的泪水涌上了眼眶。 He gently wiped the dust off the old photo, as if touching a piece of history. 他轻轻拂去老照片上的灰尘，仿佛在触摸一段历史。 With trembling hands, the old man unfolded the letter, his eyes shining with excitement. 老人用颤抖的双手展开那封信，眼中闪烁着激动的光芒。 3. 情节衔接句 Hardly had I stepped into the old house when a strong sense of history swept over me. 我一踏进老屋，一股强烈的历史感便扑面而来。 It suddenly occurred to me that the dusty box might hold a story of our family. 我突然想到，那个落满灰尘的箱子里或许装着我们家的一段故事。 4. 结尾升华句 Never had I felt so proud of our traditional culture. 我从未如此为我们的传统文化感到自豪。 Looking back on that day, I firmly believe that tradition is not something left behind but something carried forward. 回想那一天，我坚信：传统不是留在身后的东西，而是被继续传递下去的东西。 五、参考答案与解析 以下为全册练习的参考答案与解析，按板块排列。请先独立完成，再对照解析订正；解析中“易错点”是失分高发区，务必回看。 （一）核心短语即时检测 1. known as——be known as意为“作为……而闻名”，过去分词短语作后置定语。 2. attaches great importance to——attach importance to意为“重视……”，主语Our school为第三人称单数，一般现在时用attaches。 3. date from——date from意为“追溯到”，无被动形式；主语为复数，用动词原形。 4. rich in——be rich in意为“富含；拥有丰富的”，形容词短语作表语。 5. take pride in——take pride in意为“为……感到自豪”，情态动词should后用动词原形。 6. in modern times——固定短语，意为“在现代”。 （二）单句填空 1. dating——考查非谓语动词（现在分词作后置定语）。句意：坐落于安徽省南部的这座古村落，始建于明代，以青瓦白墙的民居、宁静的小巷和浓厚的文化氛围而闻名。句中已有谓语动词is known，date与逻辑主语the ancient village为主动关系，用现在分词作后置定语。易错点：date back to / date from不用于被动语态。 2. damaged——考查非谓语动词（过去分词作后置定语）。句意：去年被洪水损毁的这座古石桥已得到精心修复，如今与数百年前一样壮观。damage与the old stone bridge为逻辑动宾关系，用过去分词作后置定语表被动。 3. have been protected——考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：随着旅游业的快速发展，自2010年以来，当地政府一直保护着许多珍贵文物。since 2010提示用现在完成时；relics与protect为被动关系，主语为复数，故填have been protected。 4. has visited——考查动词的时态。句意：这是这个年轻人第一次参观故宫，所以他几乎见到什么都拍照。It is the first time that...句型中，从句用现在完成时。 5. wonders——考查名词。句意：长城是世界上最伟大的建筑奇迹之一，每年吸引数百万游客。one of后接可数名词复数。 6. traditionally——考查词性转换（形容词变副词）。句意：端午节传统上在农历五月初五庆祝，已有两千多年的历史。副词traditionally修饰过去分词celebrated。 7. curiosity——考查词性转换（动词变名词）。句意：这个年轻人对古寺的历史表现出极大的好奇心，向导游问了十几个问题。show great curiosity about为固定搭配。 8. alive——考查形容词作宾语补足语。句意：让民族的优良传统保持活力并传给下一代是我们的责任。keep+宾语+形容词作宾补。易错点：alive常作表语或宾补，不作前置定语。 9. Faced——考查非谓语动词（过去分词作状语）。句意：面对保护古建筑的挑战，当地政府实施了一系列有效措施。be faced with意为“面临”，过去分词短语作状语，位于句首，首字母大写。 10. whose——考查定语从句。句意：这座藏品价值连城的博物馆非常值得你在北京期间去参观。先行词the museum与collections为所属关系，用whose引导定语从句。 11. (should) be protected——考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意：有人建议镇上的老房子应受到精心保护，以保持原有的风貌。It is recommended that...从句谓语用(should+)动词原形；the old houses与protect为被动关系。 12. a——考查冠词。句意：得益于文学的力量，如今人们以一种截然不同的视角看待普通的风景。in a ... light为固定搭配，意为“以……的视角”；completely以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。 （三）完成句子 1. dating back to——考查非谓语动词。句意：这座始建于唐代的古城，因其保存完好的明清建筑而闻名于世。date back to无被动形式，与逻辑主语The ancient city为主动关系，用现在分词短语作后置定语。 2. handed down——考查动词的时态、语态。句意：这些传统技艺代代相传，承载着先辈们的智慧与情感。hand down与主语These traditional skills为动宾关系，have been+过去分词构成现在完成时被动语态。 3. but also a common treasure of all mankind——考查固定结构。句意：文化遗产不仅是国家的财富，也是全人类共同的宝贵财富。not only...but also...连接并列成分，意为“不仅……而且……”；of all mankind作后置定语修饰treasure。 4. attach importance to——考查固定短语。句意：我们应该高度重视对非物质文化遗产的保护，使其薪火相传。attach importance to意为“重视……”，情态动词should后用动词原形。 5. in memory of——考查介词短语。句意：这座庙宇是为了纪念一位伟大的历史人物而修建的，每年吸引众多游客前来瞻仰。in memory of意为“为了纪念”。 6. taken effective measures to restore——考查固定短语与不定式。句意：当地政府已经采取有效措施来修复这些受损的文物，让它们重焕光彩。take effective measures to do sth.意为“采取措施做某事”；has+过去分词构成现在完成时。 7. speeding up——考查with复合结构。句意：随着现代生活节奏的加快，一些传统习俗正逐渐消失在人们的视野中。with+宾语+现在分词作宾补，the pace与speed up为主动关系。 8. aware that——考查形容词短语与宾语从句。句意：越来越多的人开始意识到，保护文物不仅是在守护历史，也是在传承文化。become aware that...意为“开始意识到……”，that引导宾语从句。 9. It is the duty of——考查固定句型。句意：年轻一代有责任把这份宝贵的文化遗产传承下去，让它在新时代焕发新的生机。It is the duty of sb. to do sth.意为“做某事是某人的责任”，it为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语。 10. serves as——考查固定短语与主谓一致。句意：汉服不仅是一种服饰，更是中华文化的一张名片，正受到越来越多年轻人的喜爱。serve as意为“充当；作为”，主语it为第三人称单数，一般现在时用serves as。 11. witnessing——考查非谓语动词（现在分词作状语）。句意：这座博物馆的藏品大多来自民间，见证了当地数百年的沧桑变迁。witness与句子主语Most of the collections为主动关系，现在分词作伴随状语。 12. can——考查部分倒装。句意：只有保护好这些珍贵的文化遗产，我们才能更好地向世界讲述中国故事。only+介词短语置于句首时，主句用部分倒装，情态动词can提前。 （四）语篇填空 Passage A（北京中轴线）：1. stretching 2. the 3. Built 4. reflecting 5. truly 6. remains 7. of 8. to be designed 9. has become 10. pride 1. stretching——现在分词作后置定语，the axis与stretch为主动关系。 2. the——形容词最高级longest前用定冠词the。 3. Built——过去分词作状语，the axis与build为被动关系；位于句首，首字母大写。 4. reflecting——现在分词作状语，表示伴随或补充说明。 5. truly——词性转换，副词truly修饰动词feel。 6. remains——考查时态与主谓一致，一般现在时，主语it为第三人称单数。 7. of——remind sb. of sth.意为“使某人想起……”。 8. to be designed——be encouraged to do sth.，design与new buildings为被动关系，用不定式被动式。 9. has become——In recent years提示用现在完成时。 10. pride——take pride in意为“为……感到自豪”，此处作名词。 Passage B（二十四节气）：1. created 2. have guided 3. to 4. Its 5. showing 6. were added 7. with 8. which 9. on 10. a 1. created——过去分词作后置定语，the 24 solar terms与create为被动关系。 2. have guided——for centuries提示用现在完成时，主语They为复数。 3. to——according to为固定短语，意为“根据”。 4. Its——形容词性物主代词作定语；位于句首，首字母大写。 5. showing——现在分词作状语，表示补充说明。 6. were added——in 2016提示用一般过去时，与add为被动关系，主语为复数。 7. with——fill...with...为固定搭配，意为“用……充满……”。 8. which——非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个句子的内容。 9. on——pass on意为“传递；传承”。 10. a——不定冠词表泛指，a symbol of意为“……的象征”。 （五）应用文 说明：应用文参考范文见正文“四、写作提升（一）”，范文后的背诵模板可套用于同类邀请信。复习时先读懂范文，再背模板框架，考场上按题目替换空格处内容即可成篇。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $