2027届高考英语一轮话题复习之杰出人物 导学案

该高中英语高考复习学案系统整合“杰出人物”话题核心考点，涵盖核心词汇、高频短语、关键句式及人物写作素材，按“语篇精读-词汇短语精讲-句式运用-写作实践”分层递进构建知识网络，通过单句填空、句式仿写等任务驱动，引导学生自主梳理考点联系，形成系统化认知。 亮点在于自主诊断与能力进阶设计，基础检测模块通过单句填空、完成句子实现学情自测，写作提升部分提供万能套用模板和连句成篇训练，培养学生语言能力和思维品质。每个模块配有错题归因分析和素材积累表，助力学生个性化提升，教师可依据学情精准指导，有效培养自主复习能力。

高考英语一轮话题复习之杰出人物 第一部分　话题说明 一、新课标主题语境定位 本单元隶属于新课标"人与社会"主题语境下"历史发展、社会进步、人物贡献"主题群，涉及杰出人物的生平事迹、精神品质、历史贡献等子主题，是一轮复习必须重点突破的话题。 二、一轮复习目标 1. 掌握 commit, devote, insist, transform, acknowledge 等核心词汇及 come down to, take up 等高频短语； 2. 熟练运用 given that 条件状语从句和 that 表语从句进行句式升级； 3. 积累杰出人物写作素材，掌握人物介绍类应用文写作框架，积累人物品质主题读后续写素材。 第二部分　主题语篇精读 语篇导读 本文讲述"杂交水稻之父"袁隆平院士的生平事迹。阅读时注意把握人物的精神品质，关注文中动作描写与细节刻画，积累可用于写作的人物素材。 语篇阅读 Born in Beijing in 1930, Yuan Longping grew up in a time when hunger was a serious problem across China. As a young boy, he often saw people going hungry in the streets, and this sight deeply affected him. From that moment, he made up his mind to devote his life to helping China produce enough food for its people. After graduating from university in 1953, Yuan was assigned to work as a teacher in an agricultural school in Hunan Province. For years, he insisted on studying rice plants in the fields, even under the burning sun. Many people thought his research was impossible, but he refused to give up. In 1964, he accidentally discovered a natural hybrid rice plant, which changed the course of his research forever. Through years of hard work and countless failed experiments, Yuan and his team finally developed the first hybrid rice in 1973. This new type of rice produced 20 percent more grain than ordinary rice, and it soon spread across China. For the first time in history, the Chinese people could be confident that they would never go hungry again. Yuan Longping passed away in 2021 at the age of 91, but his legacy lives on. He once said, "I have two dreams: one is to enjoy the cool under the rice crops taller than men, and the other is that hybrid rice can be grown all over the world to help solve the global food shortage." His dedication, perseverance, and selflessness continue to inspire millions of people around the world. 语篇精读 【重点词汇】 devote vt. 奉献；专心于　例：She devoted her entire life to helping the poor. insist vi. & vt. 坚持；坚决要求　例：He insisted on carrying out the experiment despite the difficulties. accidentally adv. 偶然地；意外地　例：Scientists accidentally discovered a new species in the forest. hybrid adj. 杂交的；混合的　例：The hybrid rice produced a much higher yield than ordinary rice. countless adj. 无数的；数不尽的　例：She has helped countless students achieve their dreams. dedication n. 奉献；专心致力　例：Her dedication to her work earned her everyone's respect. perseverance n. 毅力；坚持不懈　例：Success requires not only talent but also perseverance. selflessness n. 无私；忘我　例：His selflessness in helping others touched everyone who knew him. legacy n. 遗产；遗留之物　例：The scientist left behind a rich legacy of research and discovery. 【长难句拆解】 【原句】As a young boy, he often saw people going hungry in the streets, and this sight deeply affected him. 【分析】并列句，and 连接两个分句。前一分句中 As a young boy 为时间状语，see sb doing sth 意为"看到某人正在做某事"。 【译文】当他还是个小男孩的时候，他经常看到人们在街上挨饿，这一幕深深地影响了他。 【原句】Through years of hard work and countless failed experiments, Yuan and his team finally developed the first hybrid rice in 1973. 【分析】简单句。Through... 为介词短语作方式状语；主语为 Yuan and his team，谓语为 developed；failed 为过去分词作定语。 【译文】经过多年的努力和无数次失败的实验，袁隆平和他的团队终于在1973年培育出了第一株杂交水稻。 【句式仿写】 【句型】see sb doing sth（看到某人正在做某事） 【原文】he often saw people going hungry in the streets 【仿写】When I passed the lab, I （看到那位老科学家正在做实验）. 【句型】三个并列名词作主语（人物品质描写） 【原文】His dedication, perseverance, and selflessness continue to inspire... 【仿写】她的（勇敢、善良和智慧）helped her overcome all the difficulties. 第三部分　Lesson 1　核心词汇精讲（奉献与坚守） ❶ commit (committed, committed) vt. 承诺；犯(罪)；全心全意投入 【用法】 commit a crime 犯罪 commit oneself to sth/doing sth 致力于，献身于 be committed to sth/doing sth 致力于，献身于 【单句填空】 ①She is respected by her colleagues and regarded as a ____________ (commit) teacher by her students. （commit） ②Though journalists are committed to ____________ (present) the truth, it is better to use our own judgement. （commit） 【完成句子】 ③The person I respect most is Professor Li, ______________ (一位敬业、有耐心的教育家), who has a positive influence on my life. 【归纳总结】 (1)committed adj. 坚定的；尽心尽力的 (2)commitment n. 奉献；承诺；保证 make a commitment to do sth 承诺做某事 (3)committee n. 委员会 ❷ devote vt. 把……专用于；把……献(给)；专心于 【用法】 devote oneself to sth/doing sth 献身于/致力于某事 devote...to... 把……专用于…… be devoted to 忠诚于；专心于 【单句填空】 ①She is loved not only because of her ____________ (devote) to her career, but also because of her kindness. （devote） ②The scientist devoted most of his lifetime to ____________ (observe) the behaviour of the chimps. （devote） 【完成句子】 ③All in all, it is high time that we ______________ (致力于保护) the endangered animals. 【归纳总结】 (1)devoted adj. 忠诚的；挚爱的 (2)devotion n. 挚爱；奉献；忠诚 【注意】devote…to…中的 to 为介词，后跟名词或动名词。类似短语：look forward to, get down to, be used to, lead to。 ❸ insist vi. & vt. 坚持；坚决要求 【用法】 insist on/upon doing sth 坚持做某事 insist that...（坚持要求）从句用虚拟语气"(should)+动词原形" insist that...（坚持说/坚称）从句用陈述语气 【单句填空】 ①The workers insisted that they ____________ (give) a free lunch every noon and the boss had to give in. （虚拟语气） ②Columbus insisted ____________ searching for a direct sea route to the East by sailing west. （insist） 【完成句子】 ③Some people think that not all school subjects are worth the students' time, while others ______________ (坚称) everything students learn at school will help them in the future. 【归纳总结】 (1)insistence n. 坚持；坚决要求 (2)insistent adj. 坚持的；迫切的 ❹ conclude vt. & vi. 结束；得出结论；推断 【用法】 come to/draw/reach a conclusion (from...) （由……）得出结论 in conclusion (=to conclude) 最后，总之 conclude (sth) with sth 以……结束（……） 【单句填空】 ①Each chapter concludes ____________ a collection of practices, which are designed to help students review. （conclude） ②This led Jones to the ____________ (conclude) that there are too many extremely lonely people in modern society. （conclude） 【完成句子】 ③Taking all of these factors into account, we may reasonably ______________ (得出结论) effective measures should be taken immediately. 【归纳总结】 (1)conclusion n. 结论；推论；结束 (2)conclusive adj. 决定性的；确凿的 (3)concluding adj. 结束的；最后的 【派生词拓展】 核心词 派生词 词性 中文释义 commit committed adj. 坚定的；尽心尽力的 commitment n. 奉献；承诺；保证 committee n. 委员会 devote devoted adj. 忠诚的；挚爱的 devotion n. 挚爱；奉献；忠诚 insist insistence n. 坚持；坚决要求 insistent adj. 坚持的；迫切的 conclude conclusion n. 结论；推论；结束 conclusive adj. 决定性的；确凿的 第四部分　Lesson 1　核心短语与句型 ❶ come down to　可归结为；实质上是 单句填空 ①What it comes ____________ is a choice between hard work and laziness. ②The whole matter comes ____________ a question of money in the end. 归纳：come down to sth 可归结为某事；come down with sth 患（病）。 ❷ in turn　相应地；转而；依次；轮流 单句填空 ①The students were asked to speak ____________ turn during the discussion. ②Increased production will, ____________ turn, lead to higher profits. 归纳：in turn 相应地；依次。by turns 轮流地。take turns to do sth 轮流做某事。 ❸ 句型：given that 引导条件状语从句 经典例句：Given that he is still a child, we should not expect too much from him. 译文：考虑到他还是个孩子，我们不应该对他期望太高。 单句填空 ①____________ (give) that she is interested in history, the museum is the perfect place for her to visit. ②Given ____________ the weather is bad, we have decided to put off the sports meeting. 归纳：given that... = considering that... 考虑到……；given sth 考虑到某事（given 为介词）。 第五部分　Lesson 2　核心词汇精讲（认知与转变） ❶ transform vt. 使改观；使改变形态 vi. 改变；转变 【用法】 transform A into B 把A变成B transform sb/sth (from sth) into sth 使……（从……）变成…… 【单句填空】 ①The Internet has ____________ (transform) the way people communicate with each other. （transform） ②The complete ____________ (transform) of the old building took nearly two years. （transform） 【完成句子】 ③The professor's encouragement ______________ (彻底改变了) her attitude towards learning. 【归纳总结】 (1)transformation n. 转变；变革；改造 (2)transformative adj. 有改革能力的；起改造作用的 (3)transformer n. 变压器 ❷ acknowledge vt. 承认(属实)；(公开)感谢 【用法】 acknowledge doing sth 承认做过某事 acknowledge that... 承认…… be widely acknowledged as... 被广泛认为是…… 【单句填空】 ①He is widely ____________ (acknowledge) as one of the greatest scientists of our time. （acknowledge） ②She acknowledged ____________ (make) a mistake in the calculation. （acknowledge） 【完成句子】 ③The author wishes to ______________ (感谢) his colleagues for their valuable suggestions. 【归纳总结】 (1)acknowledgement n. 承认；感谢；致谢 (2)acknowledged adj. 公认的；被承认的 ❸ convince vt. 使确信；使信服 【用法】 convince sb of sth 使某人相信某事 convince sb to do sth 说服某人做某事 convince sb that... 使某人相信…… 【单句填空】 ①I am ____________ (convince) that hard work will eventually pay off. （convince） ②The lawyer tried to convince the jury ____________ his client's innocence. （convince） 【完成句子】 ③We finally ______________ (说服了他接受) our plan after a long discussion. 【归纳总结】 (1)convinced adj. 确信的；坚信的 (2)convincing adj. 令人信服的；有说服力的 (3)conviction n. 坚定的信念；定罪 ❹ blame vt. 把……归咎于；责怪 n. 责备；指责 【用法】 blame sb for (doing) sth 因（做）某事责备某人 blame sth on sb 把某事归咎于某人 be to blame (for sth) （对某事）负有责任（主动表被动） 【单句填空】 ①The manager blamed the failure ____________ the lack of communication among team members. （blame） ②The children were not ____________ (blame) for the accident; it was the driver's fault. （blame） 【完成句子】 ③It is not fair to ______________ (把一切都归咎于) him; everyone makes mistakes. 【归纳总结】 (1)take the blame for sth 承担某事的责任 (2)blameful adj. 应受责备的 (3)blameless adj. 无可指责的；清白的 (4)blameworthy adj. 应受谴责的 【派生词拓展】 核心词 派生词 词性 中文释义 transform transformation n. 转变；变革；改造 transformative adj. 有改革能力的；起改造作用的 acknowledge acknowledgement n. 承认；感谢；致谢 acknowledged adj. 公认的；被承认的 convince convinced adj. 确信的；坚信的 convincing adj. 令人信服的；有说服力的 conviction n. 坚定的信念；定罪 blame blameful adj. 应受责备的 blameless adj. 无可指责的；清白的 blameworthy adj. 应受谴责的；该受责备的 blamer n. 责备者；指责者 第六部分　Lesson 2　核心短语与句型 ❶ take up　拿起；接受；开始从事；继续；占(时间、地方) 单句填空 ①She took ____________ painting after she retired from her job as a teacher. ②The new sofa will take ____________ too much space in the small living room. 归纳：take up sth 开始从事；占据。take on 承担；呈现。take over 接管。take in 吸收；理解。 ❷ be made up of　由……组成 单句填空 ①The committee is made ____________ ten members from different departments. ②Water is made ____________ hydrogen and oxygen. 归纳：be made up of = consist of = be composed of 由……组成。make up 组成；编造；化妆。make up for 弥补。 ❸ 句型：that 引导的表语从句 经典例句：The reason why he succeeded is that he never gave up in the face of difficulties. 译文：他成功的原因是他在困难面前从不放弃。 单句填空 ①The reason for his success is ____________ he has been working hard all the time. ②What impressed me most was ____________ he remained calm in such a dangerous situation. 归纳：that 引导表语从句，that 不作成分。The reason why... is that... ……的原因是……（不用 because）。 【注意】The reason is because... 是常见错误，正确表达应为 The reason is that...。 第七部分　人物素材积累 本板块精选四位杰出人物，每人配人物简介、品质关键词、适用话题和金句，可直接用于应用文写作和读后续写。 ❶ 袁隆平（Yuan Longping） 人物身份："杂交水稻之父"，中国工程院院士，共和国勋章获得者。 主要事迹：培育出杂交水稻，解决了中国乃至世界的粮食问题；90岁仍坚持下田研究。 品质关键词：dedication（奉献）、perseverance（毅力）、selflessness（无私）、innovation（创新）。 适用话题：坚持与梦想、奉献精神、科技创新、解决全球问题、榜样的力量。 金句："I have two dreams: to enjoy the cool under rice crops taller than men, and to grow hybrid rice all over the world." ❷ 屠呦呦（Tu Youyou） 人物身份：药学家，诺贝尔生理学或医学奖获得者，发现青蒿素。 主要事迹：从中医药古典文献中获取灵感，历经数百次失败，发现青蒿素，挽救了数百万疟疾患者的生命。 品质关键词：perseverance（毅力）、devotion（奉献）、creativity（创新）、modesty（谦逊）。 适用话题：坚持与失败、传统文化的价值、科学精神、女性力量、默默奉献。 金句："Every scientist dreams of making a discovery that will benefit mankind. I am just lucky enough to have realized this dream." ❸ 史蒂芬·霍金（Stephen Hawking） 人物身份：理论物理学家，剑桥大学教授，《时间简史》作者。 主要事迹：21岁患渐冻症，医生断言只剩两年生命，但他坚持研究宇宙和黑洞，成为继爱因斯坦后最伟大的物理学家之一。 品质关键词：perseverance（毅力）、optimism（乐观）、courage（勇气）、curiosity（求知欲）。 适用话题：面对逆境、身残志坚、热爱科学、生命的意义、永不放弃。 金句："However difficult life may seem, there is always something you can do and succeed at. It matters that you don't just give up." ❹ 海伦·凯勒（Helen Keller） 人物身份：美国作家、教育家、社会活动家，盲聋人。 主要事迹：19个月大时因疾病失去视力和听力，在老师安妮·沙利文的帮助下学会读书写字，成为第一位获得文学学士学位的盲聋人，毕生致力于残疾人事业。 品质关键词：perseverance（毅力）、courage（勇气）、gratitude（感恩）、resilience（韧性）。 适用话题：面对逆境、师恩难忘、热爱学习、帮助他人、生命的价值。 金句："The best and most beautiful things in the world cannot be seen or even touched — they must be felt with the heart." 第八部分　Part Ⅰ　基础检测 Ⅰ 单句填空 1.The scientist is widely ____________ (acknowledge) as a pioneer in the field of artificial intelligence. 2.She devoted all her energy to ____________ (help) the poor children in the remote village. 3.The manager insisted that the report ____________ (submit) before the end of the week. 4.We are finally ____________ (convince) that his plan is practical and worth trying. 5.The complete ____________ (transform) of the city took place within just five years. 6.It is not fair to blame the whole failure ____________ one person's mistake. 7.Given ____________ he has no previous experience, he has done an excellent job. 8.The reason for his success is ____________ he has been working harder than anyone else. 9.The committee is made up ____________ representatives from all the member countries. 10.She took ____________ the position of director after the former manager retired. 11.In conclusion, we may draw the ____________ (conclude) that education is the key to success. 12.The police suspected him ____________ being involved in the robbery, but had no proof. Ⅱ 完成句子 1.The young researcher ____________ (致力于) finding a cure for the rare disease. 2.Although many people doubted him, he ____________ (坚持) his dream and finally succeeded. 3.The discovery of the new drug ____________ (彻底改变了) the treatment of the disease. 4.We must ____________ (承认) that we still have a long way to go in protecting the environment. 5.The whole matter ____________ (可归结为) a question of whether we are willing to make changes. 第九部分　Part Ⅱ　写作提升 Ⅰ 应用文写作之人物介绍 【写作题目】假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter来信询问你最敬佩的人是谁。请你给他写一封回信，内容包括： 1. 人物身份及主要事迹； 2. 你敬佩他/她的原因； 3. 他/她对你的影响。 (一) 谋篇布局 Paragraph 1（开头）：问候 + 点明最敬佩的人物身份。 Paragraph 2（主体）：主要事迹 + 敬佩的原因（品质关键词+具体事例）。 Paragraph 3（结尾）：对自己的影响 + 期待回信。 (二) 高级词汇及短语 1. 我最敬佩的人　　　　　　　 2. 致力于；献身于　　　　　　　 3. 克服困难　　　　　　　　　　 4. 为……树立榜样　　　　　　　 5. 对……产生深远影响　　　　　 6. 坚持不懈　　　　　　　　　　 7. 无私奉献　　　　　　　　　　 8. 激励某人做某事　　　　　　　 (三) 高级句式 1. 定语从句介绍人物 The person I admire most is Yuan Longping, ____________ (他被誉为"杂交水稻之父"). 2. 强调句突出品质 It is his dedication and perseverance ____________ (让我最敬佩). 3. not only...but also... He not only ____________ (解决了中国的粮食问题), but also helped people in many other countries. 4. 表语从句说明原因 The reason why I admire him is ____________ (他一生都在为他人的幸福而工作). (四) 连句成篇 请根据以上要点，将以下句子串联成一篇完整的回信（注意使用恰当的衔接词）： ①Dear Peter, I'm writing to tell you about the person I admire most in the world. ②The person I admire most is Yuan Longping, who is widely known as the "Father of Hybrid Rice". ③He devoted his entire life to developing hybrid rice, which has helped feed millions of hungry people around the world. ④What I admire most about him is his dedication, perseverance, and selflessness — he continued working in the fields even in his nineties. ⑤It is his spirit that inspires me to work hard and never give up when facing difficulties. ⑥Who is the person you admire most? I'm looking forward to your reply. (五) 万能套用模板（填空即得范文） 以下模板只需替换括号中的内容，即可直接套用为完整范文，与上文连句成篇的范文结构完全一致。 Dear Peter, I'm writing to tell you about the person I admire most in the world. The person I admire most is （人物姓名）, who is widely known as （身份/称号）. He/She devoted his/her entire life to （主要事迹）, which has helped （产生的影响）. What I admire most about him/her is his/her （品质1）, （品质2）, and （品质3） — he/she even （具体事例）. It is his/her spirit that inspires me to （对我的影响）. Who is the person you admire most? I'm looking forward to your reply. Yours, Li Hua Ⅱ 读后续写表达练 主题：人物品质——坚持与助人——积累动作描写与情感描写的高级表达 【词汇积累】 中文 英文 中文 英文 坚持不懈的 persevering 气喘吁吁的 breathless 筋疲力尽的 exhausted 坚定的 determined 令人敬佩的 admirable 无私的 selfless 全力以赴 go all out 伸出援手 lend a helping hand 咬紧牙关 grit one's teeth 热泪盈眶 tears well up 心跳加速 heart racing 鼓起勇气 gather one's courage A. 单句表达 1. With his legs trembling and his lungs burning, the old man ____________ (咬紧牙关) and continued climbing the mountain. 2. Seeing the little girl struggling in the water, the young man immediately ____________ (伸出援手) and pulled her to safety. 3. As the finish line came into sight, the exhausted runner felt a surge of energy and ____________ (全力以赴) in the final sprint. 4. The injured player was supported by his teammates, ____________ (热泪盈眶) as he limped across the finish line. 5. Despite the pain in her ankle, she ____________ (鼓起勇气) and continued to race, proving that determination is more powerful than physical strength. B. 语段表达 根据中文提示，完成下面语段（注意动作与情感描写的衔接）： The old craftsman had been working on the sculpture for three months. His hands were rough and his eyes were tired, but his determination never wavered. 1.________________ (他的手指因长时间雕刻而疼痛不已), but he refused to stop. Every day, he would sit in his small workshop from dawn till dusk, chiselling away at the block of wood. One evening, as he was putting the finishing touches on the sculpture, his young grandson entered the room. 2.________________ (男孩惊讶地睁大了眼睛), staring at the beautiful figure that had emerged from the plain wood. "Grandpa, how did you make something so beautiful?" the boy asked. The old man smiled and said, 3.________________ ("秘诀就是耐心和坚持"). He placed his rough hand on the boy's shoulder and continued, "Anything worth doing takes time. Never give up, even when your hands ache and your eyes grow tired." 4.________________ (受到爷爷的话的鼓舞), the boy decided then and there that he would learn the craft and carry on his grandfather's legacy. 答案与解析 第二部分　主题语篇精读 1. 【答案】saw the old scientist doing an experiment 【解析】考查 see sb doing sth 结构，意为"看到某人正在做某事"。passed 为一般过去时，see 用过去式 saw；"做实验"为 do an experiment，用 doing 形式作宾语补足语。 2. 【答案】courage, kindness and wisdom 【解析】考查三个并列名词作主语。"勇敢、善良和智慧"分别为 courage, kindness, wisdom，均为抽象名词，用 and 连接最后一个。谓语 helped 用一般过去时。 第三部分　Lesson 1　核心词汇精讲 ❶ commit ① 【答案】committed 【解析】考查词性转换。commit 为动词，此处需要形容词修饰名词 teacher，committed 意为"坚定的；尽心尽力的"。 ② 【答案】presenting 【解析】考查固定搭配 be committed to doing sth，意为"致力于做某事"。其中 to 为介词，后接动名词形式。 ③ 【答案】a dedicated and patient educator 【解析】考查完成句子。"一位敬业、有耐心的教育家"可译为 a dedicated and patient educator。 ❷ devote ① 【答案】devotion 【解析】考查词性转换。devote 为动词，此处 her 后需要名词，devotion 意为"奉献；忠诚"。 ② 【答案】observing 【解析】考查固定搭配 devote...to doing sth，意为"把……专用于做某事"。to 为介词，后接动名词。 ③ 【答案】devoted ourselves to protecting 【解析】考查虚拟语气和固定搭配。It is high time that... 从句用虚拟语气，谓语用过去式；devote oneself to doing sth 意为"致力于做某事"，to 为介词，后接动名词。 ❸ insist ① 【答案】(should) be given 【解析】考查虚拟语气和被动语态。insist that... 表示"坚持要求"时，从句用虚拟语气"(should)+动词原形"，should 可省略；"免费午餐"与"给予"之间为被动关系，故用 be given。 ② 【答案】on/upon 【解析】考查固定搭配 insist on/upon doing sth，意为"坚持做某事"。 ③ 【答案】insist that 【解析】考查 insist 的用法。insist that... 表示"坚称；坚持说"时，从句用陈述语气。 ❹ conclude ① 【答案】with 【解析】考查固定搭配 conclude (sth) with sth，意为"以……结束（……）"。 ② 【答案】conclusion 【解析】考查词性转换。conclude 为动词，此处 the 后需要名词，conclusion 意为"结论；推论"。lead sb to the conclusion that... 使某人得出……的结论。 ③ 【答案】draw/reach/come to the conclusion that 【解析】考查固定搭配。"得出结论"可译为 draw/reach/come to the conclusion that...，后接同位语从句。 第四部分　Lesson 1　核心短语与句型 ❶① 【答案】down to 【解析】考查固定短语 come down to，意为"可归结为；实质上是"。 ❶② 【答案】down to 【解析】考查固定短语 come down to。The whole matter comes down to a question of money 整件事可归结为钱的问题。 ❷① 【答案】in 【解析】考查固定短语 in turn，意为"依次；轮流"。speak in turn 依次发言。 ❷② 【答案】in 【解析】考查固定短语 in turn，意为"相应地；转而"。 ❸① 【答案】Given 【解析】考查 given that 引导条件状语从句，意为"考虑到；鉴于"。Given that... 位于句首，首字母大写。 ❸② 【答案】that 【解析】考查 given that 引导条件状语从句。given that 为连词短语，后接完整的从句。 第五部分　Lesson 2　核心词汇精讲 ❶ transform ① 【答案】transformed 【解析】考查时态和语态。The Internet 与 transform 之间为主动关系，且强调对现在的影响，用现在完成时 has transformed。 ② 【答案】transformation 【解析】考查词性转换。transform 为动词，此处 complete 后需要名词，transformation 意为"转变；变革"。 ③ 【答案】completely transformed 【解析】考查完成句子。"彻底改变了"可译为 completely transformed，用副词 completely 修饰动词，用一般过去时。 ❷ acknowledge ① 【答案】acknowledged 【解析】考查被动语态。be acknowledged as... 意为"被认为是……；被公认为……"，用过去分词构成被动语态。 ② 【答案】making 【解析】考查固定搭配 acknowledge doing sth，意为"承认做过某事"，后接动名词形式。 ③ 【答案】acknowledge 【解析】考查动词用法。acknowledge 此处意为"（公开）感谢"，wish to do sth 后接动词原形。 ❸ convince ① 【答案】convinced 【解析】考查固定搭配 be convinced that...，意为"坚信；确信"，用过去分词 convinced 作形容词。 ② 【答案】of 【解析】考查固定搭配 convince sb of sth，意为"使某人相信某事"。 ③ 【答案】convinced him to accept 【解析】考查固定搭配 convince sb to do sth，意为"说服某人做某事"。用一般过去时 convinced，后接不定式 to accept。 ❹ blame ① 【答案】on 【解析】考查固定搭配 blame sth on sb，意为"把某事归咎于某人"。 ② 【答案】to blame 【解析】考查固定搭配 be to blame (for sth)，意为"（对某事）负有责任"，用主动形式表示被动含义。 ③ 【答案】blame everything on 【解析】考查固定搭配 blame sth on sb。"把一切都归咎于"可译为 blame everything on sb。 第六部分　Lesson 2　核心短语与句型 ❶① 【答案】up 【解析】考查固定短语 take up，意为"开始从事（某项工作或爱好）"。take up painting 开始学画画。 ❶② 【答案】up 【解析】考查固定短语 take up，意为"占据（时间或空间）"。take up too much space 占据太多空间。 ❷① 【答案】up of 【解析】考查固定短语 be made up of，意为"由……组成"，相当于 consist of 或 be composed of。 ❷② 【答案】up of 【解析】考查固定短语 be made up of。Water is made up of hydrogen and oxygen 水由氢和氧组成。 ❸① 【答案】that 【解析】考查表语从句。The reason why... is that... 为固定句型，意为"……的原因是……"，that 引导表语从句，不作成分，不能用 because 替换。 ❸② 【答案】that 【解析】考查表语从句。that 引导表语从句，在从句中不作成分，只起连接作用。What impressed me most was that... 给我印象最深的是…… 第八部分　Part Ⅰ　基础检测 Ⅰ 单句填空 1. 【答案】acknowledged 【解析】考查被动语态 be acknowledged as，意为"被认为是……"。 2. 【答案】helping 【解析】考查固定搭配 devote...to doing sth，to 为介词，后接动名词。 3. 【答案】(should) be submitted 【解析】考查 insist that... 虚拟语气，从句用"(should)+动词原形"；report 与 submit 为被动关系。 4. 【答案】convinced 【解析】考查固定搭配 be convinced that...，意为"坚信"。 5. 【答案】transformation 【解析】考查词性转换，complete 后接名词 transformation，意为"转变"。 6. 【答案】on 【解析】考查固定搭配 blame sth on sb，意为"把某事归咎于某人"。 7. 【答案】that 【解析】考查 given that 引导条件状语从句，意为"考虑到"。 8. 【答案】that 【解析】考查固定句型 The reason why... is that...，that 引导表语从句。 9. 【答案】of 【解析】考查固定短语 be made up of，意为"由……组成"。 10. 【答案】up 【解析】考查固定短语 take up，意为"接手；开始从事"。 11. 【答案】conclusion 【解析】考查词性转换，draw the conclusion 意为"得出结论"。 12. 【答案】of 【解析】考查固定搭配 suspect sb of doing sth，意为"怀疑某人做某事"。 Ⅱ 完成句子 1. 【答案】is devoted to / devotes himself to 【解析】考查固定搭配 be devoted to / devote oneself to (doing) sth，意为"致力于"。 2. 【答案】insisted on 【解析】考查固定短语 insist on (doing) sth，意为"坚持（做）某事"，用一般过去时。 3. 【答案】completely transformed 【解析】考查动词 transform，意为"改变；转变"，用副词 completely 修饰，一般过去时。 4. 【答案】acknowledge 【解析】考查动词 acknowledge，意为"承认"，must 后接动词原形。 5. 【答案】comes down to 【解析】考查固定短语 come down to，意为"可归结为；实质上是"，用一般现在时。 第九部分　Part Ⅱ　写作提升 Ⅰ 应用文写作之高级句式 1. 【答案】who is honoured as "Father of Hybrid Rice" 【解析】考查非限制性定语从句，who 指代 Yuan Longping，在从句中作主语；be honoured as 意为"被誉为"。 2. 【答案】that I admire most 【解析】考查强调句型 It is/was + 被强调部分 + that + 其他。此处强调主语 his dedication and perseverance。 3. 【答案】solved China's food problem 【解析】考查 not only...but also... 并列结构，前后时态一致，用一般过去时 solved。 4. 【答案】that he devoted his whole life to working for the happiness of others 【解析】考查表语从句，that 引导表语从句；devote one's life to doing sth 意为"毕生致力于做某事"。 Ⅱ 读后续写表达练 A. 单句表达 1. 【答案】gritted his teeth 【解析】考查固定短语 grit one's teeth，意为"咬紧牙关"，用一般过去时 gritted。 2. 【答案】lent a helping hand 【解析】考查固定短语 lend a helping hand，意为"伸出援手"，用一般过去时 lent。 3. 【答案】went all out 【解析】考查固定短语 go all out，意为"全力以赴"，用一般过去时 went。 4. 【答案】tears welling up in his eyes 【解析】考查独立主格结构。tears 与 well up 为主动关系，用现在分词 welling；tears welling up in his eyes 热泪盈眶。 5. 【答案】gathered her courage 【解析】考查固定短语 gather one's courage，意为"鼓起勇气"，用一般过去时 gathered。 B. 语段表达 1. 【答案】His fingers ached from hours of carving 【解析】考查动词 ache，意为"疼痛"；from hours of carving 意为"因为长时间的雕刻"，用一般过去时 ached。 2. 【答案】The boy's eyes widened in surprise 【解析】考查动词 widen，意为"睁大；变宽"；in surprise 意为"惊讶地"，用一般过去时 widened。 3. 【答案】"The secret is patience and perseverance" 【解析】考查名词 patience（耐心）和 perseverance（毅力），直接引语用一般现在时。 4. 【答案】Inspired by his grandfather's words 【解析】考查过去分词作状语。the boy 与 inspire 为被动关系，用过去分词 Inspired；Inspired by... 意为"受到……的鼓舞"。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $