Unit 1 Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas（Word教参）-【学霸笔记·同步精讲】2026-2027学年高中英语选择性必修第二册（外研版）

本讲义围绕“成年年龄的意义”核心知识点，通过课前导入（讨论中国不同年龄允许事项）、速读（梳理文章脉络）、精读（细节理解与批判性问题）、语言点（词汇、句型、语块）等学习支架，构建从输入到输出的完整学习链条。 该资料亮点在于融合语言能力（系统学习词汇如“milestone”熟词生义、句型如as if虚拟语气）、思维品质（设计“是否需要法定成年年龄”等批判性问题）、文化意识（对比中外成年年龄差异）。课中分层任务提升教学效率，课后练习帮助学生巩固，弥补知识盲点。

Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas Part Ⅰ　Reading comprehension 第一步　课前导入•激趣启思 Discuss at what age you are allowed to do the following things in China． You’re allowed to do the following things in China when you are 18 years old： Get a credit card．/Get a driver’s licence．/Get the right to vote．/Get a bank loan． You’re allowed to do the following things in China when you are 16 years old： Get a full－time job．/Get an apartment． 第二步　速读课文•理清脉络 Skim the passage and fill in the blanks． 第三步　精读课文•领悟细节 Task 1：Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers． 1.What does the passage mainly talk about？（　　） A．Eighteen — the age of indecision． B．Teenagers’ hopes for the future． C．The right to vote — your views． D．Turning eighteen — what does it mean？ 2.What can we learn from “I can’t wait to be 18” in paragraph 1？（　　） A．Bethany is eager to be 18. B．Bethany is waiting for 18. C．Bethany worries about being 18. D．Bethany doesn’t like to be 18. 3.What does Bethany think of driving a car？（　　） A．One can’t drive a car under 21. B．A driver should be responsible for everyone’s life． C．One mustn’t drive a car after drinking． D．It’s necessary for everyone to drive a car after getting a driving licence． 4.Which words can be used to describe Lin Ning after his 18th birthday？（　　） A．Selfish and caring． B．Mature and free． C．Caring and responsible． D．Independent and generous． 5.Why can’t Morgan live away from his parents？（　　） A．He likes to live with his parents． B．He needs to repay a bank loan． C．He isn’t ready to move away． D．He can’t afford to live independently． 答案：1－5　DABCD Task 2：Think creatively and critically and answer the questions． 1.What does turning 18 mean to you？ Turning 18 means that I am a grown－up．And I will share more responsibilities and care more about my parents． 2.Do you think it is necessary to set a legal adult age？ Why？ Legally speaking， our society needs to set a line to let people completely undertake their rights and duties． What’s more， setting a legal adult age helps us develop a sense of responsibility consciously． Knowing we are legal adults，we will force ourselves to think deeply and behave maturely． It is a necessary boost （促进） for our mental growth． 第四步　课文融通•学以致用 　　根据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 　　In most countries， turning 18 1.marks （mark） the start of adulthood． Here， three young people tell us 2.what turning 18 means， or meant， to them． 　　16－year－old girl Bethany says turning 18 means she is old enough 3.to vote （vote） in the election and to have a say on how the government spends the taxes．Though Bethany’s mum， an ambulance driver， worries about her 4.being （be） behind the wheel， Bethany thinks she can take 5.responsibility （responsible） for her life and the lives of other people． 　　Lin Ning， 19－year－old from Shanghai in China， celebrated his 18th birthday just before he 6.went （go） to university．He expected to feel 7.instantly （instant） different， but it wasn’t like that．In fact， the change has been more subtle and gradual than he imagined．Instead of being the selfish teenager he used to be， he has begun to feel more aware 8.of other people and to develop a stronger sense of social responsibility． 　　Morgan， 20－year－old from Florida in the US， used to believe he should become 9.more independent （independent） at the age of 18， but the reality for him has been very different． Because he contributes to the household bills and his commute to work is quite expensive， he finds 10.it hard to save any money． The Age of Majority 　　In most countries，［1］ turning 18 marks the start of adulthood①．But what does reaching this milestone， the age of majority②， really mean？ Will you be completely in charge of③ your own life and able to express yourself in new and exciting ways？ What new responsibilities will this freedom bring？ Here， three young people tell us ［2］what turning 18 means， or meant， to them． 　　Bethany　16， Victoria， Australia 　　I can’t wait to be 18.One reason is ［3］that although I’ve been working ever since④ leaving school， I won’t be voting in the next general election⑤．Why？ Because I still won’t be old enough．Surely， ［4］ if you’re old enough to earn a wage⑥ and pay taxes， you should be allowed to have a say⑦ on ［5］how the government spends them! I’ve also been taking driving lessons， and in fact I will be taking my driving test on the very day I turn 18.My mum worries about me being behind the wheel⑧． As an ambulance driver， she’s seen a lot of car accidents ［6］ involving teenagers and thinks the legal age⑨ for getting a driving licence should be 21. But I think I’m already mature enough to understand ［7］that driving a car also means taking responsibility for⑩ my life and the lives of other people． 　　【释疑难】　［1］动词－ing短语作主语。 　　［2］what引导宾语从句，并在从句中作直接宾语。 　　［3］that引导表语从句，从句中含有although引导的让步状语从句。 　　［5］how引导宾语从句，作介词on的宾语。 　　［6］动词－ing短语作后置定语，修饰名词短语car accidents。 　　［7］that引导宾语从句，that在从句中不作成分，可以省略。 【赏靓点】　［4］句运用了if引导的条件状语从句，逻辑严密，语气强烈。have a say（有发言权）形象地表达了纳税人应有的权利意识，体现了Bethany作为准成年人对公民权利的渴望。 Paras.1－2 1.语块翻译 ①标志着成年的开始 ②法定成年年龄 ③掌管；主宰 ④自……以来 ⑤大选；普选 ⑥挣工资 ⑦有发言权 ⑧在驾驶汽车 ⑨法定年龄 ⑩对……负责 2.熟词生义/靓词 （1）milestone （Para.1） 熟义：n．里程碑（路边标志） 文中义：n．重要阶段；转折点 （2）behind the wheel （Para.2） 赏析：这是一个地道的习语，字面意为“在方向盘后面”，代指“驾驶/开车”。相比直接用driving，该词组更具画面感，侧重于强调驾驶者的掌控权和责任。 　　Lin Ning　19， Shanghai， China 　　I celebrated my 18th birthday just before I went to university⑪． I expected to feel instantly different， ［8］as if I had closed the door on my childhood and stepped into a whole new adult world．But it wasn’t like that． When I woke up⑫ the next day，there were still ［9］ rules to obey and lessons to attend．In fact， the change has been more subtle and gradual than I imagined． Instead of⑬ being the selfish teenager ［10］I used to be， I have begun to feel more aware of⑭ other people and to develop a stronger sense of social responsibility⑮． To give an example， I will be signing an organ donation agreement⑯ this time tomorrow． This was a big decision for me． Of course I asked my parents for their approval first．Turning 18 also changed the way ［11］that society viewed me． I was really surprised when a bank contacted me with a credit card offer．Of course， I would like to have more freedom with money and no doubt I will be getting a credit card at some point， but I currently don’t have a steady income⑰， so getting a credit card might tempt me to⑱ spend more money than I have! 　　【释疑难】　［9］动词不定式短语 to obey和to attend作后置定语，分别修饰名词rules和lessons。 　　［10］此处为定语从句，修饰先行词selfish teenager，从句省略了关系代词that或which。 　　［11］that引导定语从句，修饰先行词the way。 【赏靓点】　［8］句中as if引导虚拟语气，配合形象的比喻（close the door on childhood），生动地描绘了少年对18岁那天的浪漫化想象，与下文的现实形成了心理落差。 Para.3 1.语块翻译 ⑪ 上大学 ⑫ 醒来 ⑬ 代替，而不是 ⑭ 更多关注 ⑮ 社会责任感 ⑯ 签订器官捐赠意向书 ⑰ 稳定的收入 ⑱ 诱惑我做某事 2.靓词 （1）subtle （Para.3） 赏析：subtle意为“不易察觉的，微妙的”。此处与上文的instantly（瞬间）形成鲜明对比，精准地描绘了成长并非一蹴而就的突变，而是潜移默化的过程。 （2）tempt （Para.3） 赏析：tempt生动地刻画了面对金钱透支时的心理状态——受到诱惑。这也反映了林宁理性的消费观和自我约束力。 　　Morgan　20， Florida， the US 　　［12］People say that 18 marks a new chapter in our lives⑲， and that we should become more independent． I used to believe this， but the reality for me has been very different． ［13］I assumed I’d already have a well－paid job⑳ and that I’d be moving into a rented apartment as soon as I turned 18， but how wrong I was! My librarian’s salary means that I’ll be living at home with my parents for a while longer． Because I contribute to㉑ the household bills㉒ and my commute to work is quite expensive，［14］ I find it hard to save any money． I’ll be starting a new job next month， however， so maybe things will get easier．I know I could get a bank loan to pay the deposit㉓ on my very own apartment， but I don’t feel ready to make that kind of commitment㉔， and I ［15］do like my mom’s cooking．I guess some responsibilities are more about attitude than age． 　　【释疑难】　［12］句中含有两个that引导的并列的宾语从句。 　　［14］句中it作形式宾语，动词不定式短语to save any money是真正的宾语。 　　［15］句中do用来强调谓语动词like。 　　【赏靓点】　［13］句前半句assumed后的两个宾语从句铺垫了美好的设想，后半句感叹句how wrong I was! 猛然转折，情感强烈，真实地道出了理想与现实之间的巨大差距。 Para.4 1.语块翻译 ⑲ 人生的新篇章 ⑳ 薪水优厚的工作 ㉑导致，带来；有助于；对……做出贡献 ㉒ 家庭账单 ㉓ 付押金 ㉔ 做出承诺 2.靓词 chapter （Para.4） 赏析：chapter将人生比作书籍，18岁是“新的一章”。这种比喻手法常见且富有文学色彩，暗示了故事内容的翻新和改变。 参考译文 成　年 　　在大多数国家，进入18岁便意味着成年。但是到达成年这一重要阶段到底意味着什么呢？你将完全主宰自己的生活吗？你能够用新奇的、激动人心的方式来表达自己吗？获得这种自由又会带来什么新的责任呢？接下来，有三位年轻人会为我们讲述年满18岁对他们意味着什么，或是曾经意味着什么。 　　贝萨妮　16岁，澳大利亚　维多利亚州 　　我简直等不及想要到18岁了。其中一个原因是虽然我一毕业就工作了，但是我依然不能在下一届大选中投票。为什么？因为我依然不满18岁。当然，如果你已经挣工资并且交税了，那你应该对政府在支配税收方面有一定的话语权。我也一直在学习驾驶，并且我会在18岁当天就去考驾照。妈妈十分担心我开车。作为一名救护车司机，她目睹过太多涉及青少年的车祸，她认为考驾照的法定年龄应该推迟到21岁。但是我觉得自己已经足够成熟，知道开车也意味着要对自己和他人的生命负责。 　　林宁　19岁，中国　上海 　　上大学前我刚满18岁。我曾经期待马上会有不一样的感觉，就好像自己关闭了童年的大门，踏进一个全新的成人世界。但是事实并非如此。第二天我醒来时，仍然有需要遵守的规则，需要参加的课程。事实上，这种变化比我想象的更微小，更平缓。相比自己之前那个自私的青少年角色，我已经开始更多地关注别人，并且去培养更强烈的社会责任感。比如说，明天这个时候我将会签署器官捐赠意向书。这对我来说是一个重大的决定。理所当然，我先征求了父母的同意。满18岁后，社会对待我的方式也改变了。有家银行给我打电话让我办理信用卡的时候，我非常惊讶。虽然我想在花钱方面更为自由，而且毫无疑问我将在未来的某个时间获得一张信用卡，但是我现在还没有稳定的收入，所以现在办理的话可能会让我透支! 　　摩根　20岁，美国　佛罗里达州 　　人们都说18岁意味着翻开人生的新篇章，我们应该变得更独立。我曾经也这样认为，但是事实并非如此。我以为我一到18岁就有了一份薪水不错的工作，能搬进自己租的公寓，我是多么异想天开呀!作为一个图书馆管理员，我的工资只够我继续长时间和父母住在一起。因为我要分担家庭账单，而且我的通勤费用很高，所以我发现攒钱非常困难。不过下个月我会开始一份新工作，也许情况能有所好转。我知道我可以通过贷款来支付购买自己公寓的订金，但我还无法向银行做出这种重大的承诺，而且我真的很喜欢吃妈妈做的饭。我觉得要想负起一些责任，更多的是关乎态度，而不是年龄。 Part Ⅱ　Language points Ⅰ．阅读词汇 1.a man of integrity一个正直诚实的人 2.the average weekly wage　　平均周薪金 3.call for an ambulance　　呼叫救护车 4.a subtle change in attitude　　态度的微妙变化 5.the household bills　　家庭账单 6.a long daily commute　　每天漫长的通勤路程 7.at the minimum cost　　以最低的成本 Ⅱ．写作词汇 1.get a driving licence　　　考驾照 2.a mature oak　　一棵成熟的橡树 3.a happy childhood　　幸福的童年 4.obey the rules　　遵守规则 Ⅲ．多义词汇 1.①pay a 10% deposit　　支付百分之十的订金 ②deposit money in the bank　　把钱存进银行 ③a fixed bank deposit　　一笔银行定期存款 2.①apply for a student loan　　申请学生贷款 ②loan money to small companies　　向小公司提供贷款 3.①the value added tax　　增值税 ②tax luxury goods　　对奢侈品征税 Ⅳ．拓展词汇 1.adulthood n．成年→adult n．成年人 2.election n．选举→elect v．选举；推选；选择，决定 3.legal adj．合法的→legally adv．法律上，合法地→illegal adj．不合法的 4.instantly adv．立即，马上→instant adj．立即的，立刻的；速食的，即食的，方便的n．瞬间，片刻 5.gradual adj．逐渐的，逐步的→gradually adv．逐渐地，逐步地，渐进地 6.selfish adj．自私的→selfishness n．自私→selfless adj．无私的→selflessness n．无私 7.approval n．赞成，同意→approve v．赞成，同意；批准，通过；认可→approving adj．赞成的；同意的 8.steady adj．稳定的→steadily adv．稳定地；持续地；稳固地 9.tempt v．诱惑，引诱→temptation n．诱惑，引诱；诱惑物 10.librarian n．图书馆管理员→library n．图书馆 11.commitment n．投入，花费→commit v．做出（错误或非法的事），犯（错误或罪行）；承诺，保证；全心全意投入（工作、活动等） 12.suitable adj．合适的→suit v．适合，适宜；（尤指服装、颜色等）相配，合身；满足（某人）需要 n．套装，西装 【构词法】 1.名词＋后缀－hood表示“某种时期或范围” ①childhood童年时期 ②boyhood　　少年时代 ③babyhood　　婴儿时期 ④neighbourhood　　街区 2.动词＋后缀－al构成名词 ①arrive→arrival　　到达 ②refuse→refusal　　拒绝 ③survive→survival　　生存 ④propose→proposal　　提议 Ⅴ．短语互译 1.in charge of　　主管；掌管 2.no doubt　　无疑地；必定 3.take responsibility for　　对……负责；承担（责任） 4.have a say　　有发言权 5.behind the wheel　　在驾驶汽车 6.tempt sb to do sth　　引诱某人做某事 Ⅵ．句型填空 1.句型公式：as if（=as though） 意为“仿佛，好像” 教材原句：I expected to feel instantly different，as if I had closed the door on my childhood and stepped into a whole new adult world． 我曾经期待马上会有不一样的感觉，就好像自己关闭了童年的大门，踏进一个全新的成人世界。 2.句型公式：the way 作先行词的定语从句 教材原句：Turning 18 also changed the way that society viewed me． 满18岁后，社会对待我的方式也改变了。 3.句型公式：find it＋宾语补足语＋动词不定式 教材原句：Because I contribute to the household bills and my commute to work is quite expensive，I find it hard to save any money． 因为我要分担家庭账单，而且我的通勤费用很高，所以我发现攒钱非常困难。 4.句型公式：强调谓语 教材原句：I know I could get a bank loan to pay the deposit on my very own apartment，but I don’t feel ready to make that kind of commitment，and I do like my mom’s cooking． 我知道我可以通过贷款来支付购买自己公寓的订金，但我还无法向银行做出这种重大的承诺，而且我真的很喜欢吃妈妈做的饭。 写作词汇集释 1.election n．选举→elect v．选举；推选；选择，决定 教材原句　One reason is that although I’ve been working ever since leaving school， I won’t be voting in the next general election． 其中一个原因是虽然我一毕业就工作了，但是我依然不能在下一届大选中投票。 【用法】 （1）win/lose an election当选/落选；选举获胜/失败 hold an election　　举行选举 （2）elect to do sth　　决定/选择做某事 elect sb （as/to be）＋职位 选某人为……（职位名词前不加冠词） 【佳句】　I have such a good command of English that I am elected as assistant to my English teacher． 我英语掌握得非常好，因此被选为英语老师的助手。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①The Student Union will hold an election （elect） next week to choose a new president． ②Instead of going abroad， the top student elected to stay （stay） in China for further study． ③It is not surprising that she was elected as monitor； she is a capable and intelligent girl． 【写美】　完成句子 ④Last Monday， our class held a monitor election． This was our first election， so everyone was excited． 上周一，我们班举行了班长选举。这是我们第一次选举，所以每个人都很兴奋。　（活动介绍） 2.take responsibility for 对……负责 教材原句　But I think I’m already mature enough to understand that driving a car also means taking responsibility for my life and the lives of other people． 但是我觉得自己已经足够成熟，知道开车也意味着要对自己和他人的生命负责。 【用法】 （1）have （the/a） responsibility to do ．．．有责任/有义务做…… It is one’s responsibility to do sth　　做某事是某人的责任 a sense of responsibility　　责任感 （2）responsible adj．　　有责任的，应负责任的 be responsible for　　对……负责 【佳句】　Everyone has a responsibility to protect the environment by reducing waste and recycling． 每个人都有责任通过减少浪费和回收利用来保护环境。　（倡议书） 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①As members of society， it is our responsibility （responsible） to protect the environment． ②It’s the police’s responsibility to protect （protect） the travellers， so they should be responsible for the accidents that happened to them． 【写美】　一句多译 ③作为一名教练，他应当为队伍的成功或失败负责任。 →As a coach， he should take responsibility for the team’s success or failure． （responsibility） →As a coach， he should be responsible for the team’s success or failure． （responsible） 3.instantly adv．立即，马上→instant adj．立即的，立刻的；速食的，即食的，方便的 n．瞬间，片刻 教材原句　I expected to feel instantly different， as if I had closed the door on my childhood and stepped into a whole new adult world． 我曾经期待马上会有不一样的感觉，就好像自己关闭了童年的大门，踏进一个全新的成人世界。 【用法】 （1）instantly ．．．=the instant ．．．一……就…… （2）in an instant　　立即，马上 for an instant　　瞬间，片刻 【佳句】　We can now communicate instantly with people on the other side of the world． 我们现在可以与世界另一端的人进行即时沟通。 【联想】　表示“一……就……”，引导时间状语从句的还有immediately/directly， as soon as，the moment/minute/second等。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①In an instant， he took off his coat and jumped into the water． ②He paused for an instant before continuing to call the ambulance for help． 【写美】　一句多译 ③（2025•全国一卷）他一打开门，看到我站在那里，脸上立刻绽开了温暖的笑容。 →As soon as he opened the door and saw me standing there， a warm smile spread across his face．（as soon as） →The moment/instant/minute he opened the door and saw me standing there， a warm smile spread across his face．（the＋n．） →Instantly/Directly/Immediately he opened the door and saw me standing there， a warm smile spread across his face．（副词作状语） 4.suitable adj．合适的→suit v．适合（某人）；适宜；满足（某人）需要；合（某人）心意n．西装，套装 教材原句　Choose another suitable title for the passage and give your reasons． 为这篇文章选择另一个合适的标题并给出你的理由。 【用法】 （1）be suitable for适合…… be suitable to do sth　　适合做某事 （2）suit ．．．to ．．．　　使……适合…… 【佳句】　（2024•1月浙江卷）It’s an inclusive exercise， suitable for different fitness levels． 这是一项适合各类人群的运动，适合不同的健身水平。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①The dry climate in this area is not suitable （suit） for growing some kinds of vegetables． ②Besides， it’s suitable （suit） for you to bring some little gifts， such as a special food or drink from your country． 【写美】　完成句子 ③Please let me know what time suits you best． I am available anytime next weekend． 请告诉我您何时最方便。下周末我随时有空。 阅读词汇清障 Ⅰ．一词多义 阅读下列句子并选出句中加蓝词汇对应的意思 A．v．存储 B．n．存款　　 　C．n．订金 D．v．使沉积　　 E．n．沉淀物，沉积物 ①The flood waters went down slowly and deposited a thick layer of mud on the local farmland．　D　 ②I advise you to deposit your spare cash in the bank instead of keeping it under the bed．　A　 ③She made a large deposit into her savings account immediately after receiving the bonus from the company．　B　 ④Decant the wine carefully， so that you leave the deposit in the bottom of the bottle． 　E　 ⑤（2023•全国甲卷） Terri，who now rents a house with friends in Wandsworth，South West London，says DIY also saves her from losing any deposit when a tenancy （租期） comes to an end．　C　 Ⅱ．熟词生义 根据语境写出加蓝词的词性和含义 1.The bank was unwilling to loan him that quantity of money． vt．提供贷款 2.Any interest payments are taxed as part of your income．vt．对……征税 重点句型解构 1.句型公式：as if/though引导状语从句或表语从句 教材原句　①I expected to feel instantly different， as if I had closed the door on my childhood and stepped into a whole new adult world． 我曾经期待马上会有不一样的感觉，就好像自己关闭了童年的大门，踏进一个全新的成人世界。 ②（译林必修三）I felt lost and anxious， as if I had missed something of value． 我感觉迷惘、紧张，仿佛我丢失了什么宝贵的东西。 【用法】 as if/though意为“似乎，好像”，既可以引导表语从句，也可以引导状语从句。 （1）如果as if/though所引导的从句表示的情况是真实的或极有可能发生的，从句要用陈述语气。 （2）如果as if/though所引导的从句只是表示一种假设的情况，从句的谓语动词要用虚拟语气，其形式如下： ①表示与现在事实相反的假设，从句谓语动词用一般过去时（从句中be动词常用were）； ②表示与过去事实相反的假设，从句谓语动词用过去完成时。 【写美】　微写作 ①尽管现在安全了，那个小女孩仍然颤抖着，仿佛她正独自在黑暗的森林里游荡。　（动作描写） Though safe now， the little girl still trembles as if she were wandering in the dark forest． ②她英语说得如此流利，好像她在美国学过英语。 She speaks English so fluently as if she had studied English in America． ③他张了张嘴，似乎要对我说些什么，然后摇摇头走开了。　（动作链描写） He opened his mouth as if to say something to me and then went away， shaking his head． 2.句型公式：the way 作先行词的定语从句 教材原句　Turning 18 also changed the way that society viewed me． 满18岁后，社会对待我的方式也改变了。 【用法】 （1）句中that society viewed me为定语从句，修饰先行词the way；从句引导词为that，在从句中作状语。 （2）way（方式，方法）后的定语从句的引导词有两种： ①在way后面的从句中，如果引导词作主语、宾语或表语，要用that或which引导定语从句，引导词作宾语时可以省略。 ②在way后面的从句中，如果引导词作状语，则用that或in which引导定语从句，也可以省略引导词。 【佳句】　I don’t like the way （that/in which） you talk to the librarian of our university library． 我不喜欢你和我们大学图书馆的图书馆管理员说话的方式。 【写美】　句型转换/微写作 ①The way that they communicated with each other improved their teamwork． →The way in which they communicated with each other improved their teamwork． ②老师表扬了李华如此清晰地组织英语作文的方式。 The teacher praised the way （that/in which） Li Hua organized his English composition so clearly． ③为了改变你的人生，你必须改变你思考的方式。 To change your life， you must change the way （that/in which） you think． 维度一：品句填词 1.Every citizen has a legal （法律的） responsibility to protect the environment and follow the safety rules． 2.Most teenagers look forward to getting more freedom as they enter the stage of adulthood （成年）． 3.Helping others in need is considered a traditional virtue （美德） that we should value in our society． 4.Winning the first prize in the national competition was a significant milestone （里程碑） in his dancing career． 5.No reader shall remove a book from the library without consent of the librarian （图书馆管理员）． 6.They told me I was wise and mature （成熟的）beyond my 18 years， and I believed them． 7.It was selfish （自私的） of Mary to ask you to pick her up at the airport when you were sick． 8.Mr White’s short－term aim is to make more money and pay off the home loan （贷款） as soon as possible． 9.Costs should be kept to a minimum， but the quality must be guaranteed． 10.Last year I passed the driving test and got a driving licence． 维度二：词形转换 1.He declined to give any information on the presidential election （elect）． 2.The news of the earthquake spread instantly （instant） across the country through the social media． 3.The temperature in the room will gradually （gradual） rise after the heating system is turned on． 4.The garbage－sorting policy approved （approve） by the government is helpful in protecting the environment and making full use of resources． 5.No matter what difficulty you will meet with， carry out your commitment （commit） until you make it． 6.A series of measures was introduced to make sure the endangered species was free from illegal （legal） hunting． 维度三：固定搭配和句式 1.Changing a bad habit is difficult （改变一个坏习惯很难）， and it is easy to make excuses and give up． 2.No doubt （无疑地） eating too much junk food will do great harm to your physical health． 3.Every student in our class should have a say on the matter （在这件事上有发言权） of the school uniform． 4.As a volunteer， you must take responsibility for （为……负责）the safety of the children in the camp． 5.Reading this book made me feel as if I’d been woken up from a long sleep （我好像从一个漫长的睡眠中醒来） and finally opened my eyes to the world! 6.Your friends also influence the way that/in which you view your physical appearance （你看待自己外貌的方式）． Ⅰ．阅读理解 A 　　When her students ask what she was like at their age， Tiffany Marconi opens up about her high school experience． Her family were often on the move， which made her feel lost． “I was just kind of all over the place． My teachers in high school really helped me discover who I was and feel comfortable with myself，” Marconi says． 　　Marconi is instrumental in building a program in Wheat on Warrenville Unit District 200. Through her “Intro to Teaching” classes， Marconi is drawing high school students to the profession （职业） at a time when a national teacher shortage makes headlines． 　　One of the goals of the program is to give teens real－world experiences and opportunities to explore careers while they’re in high school． The curriculum is set through the College of DuPage， but Marconi creates a student－centered classroom． At the end of the term， students design their own classroom on an individual level and in small groups as a team－based challenge． 　　Marconi doesn’t avoid talking about the realities — all the positives and some of the struggles of being a teacher． “Yes， I would love all of them to come back and teach，” Marconi says． “But I just hope honestly that it helps them figure out if they want to be a teacher， and if not， that’s OK． The one thing I always tell my students： You need to find a job， something that you love and that you are excited to do when waking up every day．” 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了教师Tiffany Marconi通过自己的经历激励高中生探索教学职业的故事。 1.Why did Marconi feel lost in her high school？（　　） A．She scored low marks． B．Her family moved a lot． C．Her teachers were strict． D．She went to school alone． 解析：B　细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知，Marconi在高中时感到迷茫是因为她的家人经常搬家。 2.What does the program that Marconi works for aim to do？（　　） A．Help students get along well with each other． B．Encourage students to attend top colleges． C．Build more student－centered classrooms． D．Inspire students to go for teaching jobs． 解析：D　推理判断题。根据第二段第二句以及第三段第一句可推知，该项目旨在给青少年提供真实世界的经验和探索教师职业的机会，以激励学生从事教学工作。 3.What do the students need to do at the end of the term？（　　） A．Design a classroom in their own way． B．Look for a well－paid job as expected． C．Prepare themselves for the interviews． D．Discuss their curriculum with teachers． 解析：A　细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，学期结束时，学生们以自己的方式设计教室。 4.Which of the following best describes Marconi as a teacher？（　　） A．Quiet． B．Impatient． C．Caring．　　 D．Humorous． 解析：C　推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段最后一句可知，Marconi分享自己的经历来帮助学生找到自我，以及她鼓励学生探索是否适合成为教师，同时告诉学生要找到自己热爱的工作。因此可以推断出，她是一位关心学生的老师。 B 　　In seventh grade， Rosalie Bangeter hated me for no reason． She threatened or laughed at me whether I was walking to catch the bus or sitting in the cafeteria． I would have done anything to avoid her： I tried being late for my fourth class and walking slowly to my locker in the hope that Rosalie would have already gone to class， but that never worked． I always ended up passing her without eye contact． 　　My family lived in a small town of about three thousand people， and it seemed as if my dad knew every one of them． What was even more surprising was that everyone seemed to know him． One day， I asked my mom how this was possible． She said， “Well， Jenn， your dad never lets anyone stay a stranger． He talks to everyone he sees， and then gives them a big smile．” 　　I was tired of being a coward （胆小的） girl． I wanted to be like my dad： smile to everyone． I decided to try it out． I would do my experiment on Rosalie Bangeter． I don’t think I heard a single word my math teacher said that day in the fourth class because I was too busy thinking about what I was about to do． Finally， the bell rang． I gathered my books and headed to my locker． I saw Rosalie approaching， looking as mean as ever． For the first time， I made eye contact with her， and then managed to smile through my nervousness． Rosalie looked shocked， then stared at me angrily． The next day， I tried again， less nervously． Rosalie wasn’t surprised but still stared coldly． 　　This continued for days until she even gave me a half－smile． And then came that memorable day when I nodded and said Hi to her． I couldn’t believe it! She said Hi back! At the end of the year， Rosalie asked me to sign her yearbook． 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者因为受到同学Rosalie的冷眼相对而感到困扰，后来受到父亲乐观、友善态度的影响，决定尝试以微笑面对他人，包括Rosalie。通过持续的努力，作者最终赢得了Rosalie的友好回应，两人关系得到了改善。 5.What does the author intend to express in paragraph 1？（　　） A．Her attempt to avoid meeting others． B．Her experience of being badly treated． C．Her loneliness during the school days． D．Her painful feelings for unknown reasons． 解析：B　细节理解题。根据第一段可知，在七年级时，Rosalie Bangeter无缘无故地讨厌作者，总是威胁或者嘲笑作者，作者想尽办法躲避她却总是失败，所以作者在第一段想要表达的是自己被他人恶劣对待的经历。 6.Which words can best describe the author’s father？（　　） A．Friendly and sociable． B．Loose and cold． C．Passionate and emotional． D．Generous and smart． 解析：A　推理判断题。根据第二段可知，作者的爸爸认识小镇上的很多人，而且不让任何人跟他形同陌路，会和见到的每个人交谈并露出灿烂笑容，这体现出他友好且善于社交的特点。 7.What can be inferred about the author during the fourth class？（　　） A．Energetic．　 B．Impressive． C．Distracted．　 D．Selfish． 解析：C　细节理解题。根据第三段中的I don’t think ．．． to do．可知，在第四节课上，作者因为满脑子都在想着自己即将要对Rosalie做的事，以至于根本没听进去数学老师讲的任何一个字，由此可以推断出作者当时是注意力分散的。 8.What can we learn from the author’s story？（　　） A．Blood is thicker than water． B．A friend in need is a friend indeed． C．A fear needs dealing with professionally． D．A small smile can make a big difference． 解析：D　推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，文章讲述了作者一直被Rosalie Bangeter恶劣对待，后来作者决定像爸爸那样尝试对Rosalie微笑。通过持续的努力，作者最终赢得了Rosalie的友好回应，可见一个小小的微笑最终带来了很大的改变，让两人之间原本恶劣的关系得到了改善。 C 　　（2026•云南文山期中）A single－minded， tireless drive — that’s what it takes to be successful．Be “all in”．Burn the boats behind us． 　　That message is rooted in our society， from self－help books to social media influencers all telling us that we need to commit more．The world continually sends the signal to narrowly define your goals． 　　In my senior year， I became the fastest high－school miler in the country when I ran a 4：01 mile．When my progress as a runner reached a bottleneck， my sports psychologist told me a story about a world－class runner who had become stuck while struggling to make the transition from success in college to Olympic－level performance．“What helped her break through？” I asked．“Knitting （编织），” he replied．She had taken up knitting to relax and to take her mind off running．I was too young and stubborn to follow the advice．I pushed myself harder — but never ran faster than my high－school record or broke a 4－minute mile． 　　In the years since， working as a coach with top－class performers， I kept noticing that their single－minded focus was getting in their way．Their focus on achieving specific goals had become a constant， disabling signal that they were not measuring up．This single－minded approach was backfiring． 　　Research backs this up．Researchers at Michigan State University looked at over 100 years of Nobel Prize－winning scientists and found they were more likely than their less－accomplished peers to have creative interests outside of their research．The prize－winners were 22 times more likely to perform， sing or act as a hobby； 12 times more likely to pursue creative writing； and about 7 times more likely to participate in a craft like sculpting． 　　To be sure： The more we care， and the more our job or pursuit feels like a part of who we are， the harder we’ll work．That’s helpful to a certain point．But such narrowing comes with a shortcoming．As we get rid of other parts of ourselves， and that one activity becomes an ever bigger presence， fear starts to take over．We don’t just want to succeed．We have to． 　　When outcomes are all that matter， our immediate response isn’t to become a fighter．It’s to retreat （退缩）．So， the secret is to go in a different direction．When the world screams to go narrow， top－class performers learn to go broad． 语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述“全身心投入”并非成功的唯一秘诀，顶尖成功者往往拥有广泛兴趣，拓宽视野更有助于突破。 9.How did the author respond after hearing the story of the world－class runner？（　　） A．He trained with greater effort． B．He adjusted his training methods． C．He took some time off from running． D．He adopted knitting as a stress－reliever． 解析：A　细节理解题。 根据第三段中的I was too young and stubborn ．．． broke a 4－minute mile．可知，作者在听到建议后并没有采纳，而是选择更加努力地自我鞭策。 10.What do we know about Nobel Prize－winning scientists in the research？（　　） A．They spent more time on research than others． B．They avoided entertainments to maintain focus． C．Their diverse hobbies contributed to their achievements． D．Their research covers a wider range of fields than their peers． 解析：C　推理判断题。 根据第五段中的Researchers at Michigan State University ．．．outside of their research．可推知，诺贝尔奖得主科学家普遍拥有的多样化爱好对他们的科研成就起到了积极的助力作用。 11.What does the author think of the single－minded approach？（　　） A．It is unavoidable． B．It is unacceptable． C．It is recommendable． D．It is effective． 解析：B　推理判断题。根据第四段中的I kept noticing that their single－minded focus was getting in their way．以及 This single－minded approach was backfiring．可知，作者通过观察发现，过于单一的专注往往会阻碍进步甚至适得其反，因此他对这种方法持否定态度。 12.Which of the following might be a suitable title for the text？（　　） A．Why “All in” Is No Recipe for Success？ B．Breaking Through Fear in Competitive Fields C．Why Hobbies Outweigh Professional Training？ D．Narrowing Down Your Focus to Achieve More 解析：A　标题归纳题。 文章开篇提出“全身心投入”的普遍观念，随后通过第四段中的This single－minded approach was backfiring．以及全文对多元兴趣价值的论证，否定了单一专注是成功的唯一途径。因此A项（为什么“全身心投入”不是成功的秘诀）最适合作文章标题。 Ⅱ．阅读七选五 　　（2026•湖北期中）Self－Doubt isn’t something that you are born with， it is developed as you pass the different stages of life.13.　　 Here are some strategies that you can capitalize on to overcome self－doubt． 　　14.　　 　　Comparing yourself is an unpleasant act， and it falls under self－destruction．Why would you compare yourself with a family member， a friend， or even your colleague when each of your lives is different？ You should focus on yourself and only your achievements， which will allow you to fulfill your goals without any worries． 　　Reflect back to your past achievements 　　15.　　 Self－reflection is one of the best tools to wipe out self－doubt．It makes you remember that you once achieved something great．It also makes you believe that you can achieve that level of success again through concentrated efforts． 　　Always be in the company of supportive people 　　“You are known by the company you keep”， is one of the best sayings to explain this strategy．We should be surrounded by people that support and love us， not people that constantly make us doubt ourselves．When you are in the company of good people， they will always encourage you to be better.16.　　 　　Seek professional help if necessary 　　Sometimes the situation can become too much to handle， this is the time when we should seek professional help.17.　　 Talk about your feelings often， and let all the negative emotions out， which will make you feel a lot better． 　　Love yourself more and your problems will start decreasing! A．Never compare yourself with others． B．Focus on your family members and friends． C．Remember the time when you achieved something remarkable？ D．Being around negative people is very bad for our mental health． E．Self－doubt can become a persistent obstacle if not taken care of． F．They will help you recover from negative and stressful situations． G．Living with self－doubt can be very challenging， as it limits your potential． 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章分析了自我怀疑的成因，指出它是后天形成的，并详细介绍了拒绝攀比、回顾过往成就、结交益友以及寻求专业帮助等克服自我怀疑的有效策略。 13.G　空前提到自我怀疑并非与生俱来，而是在人生的不同阶段逐步形成的；空后则引出关于克服自我怀疑的策略。G项（生活在自我怀疑中可能是极具挑战性的，因为它会限制你的潜力）指出了自我怀疑的危害，在逻辑上承接了成因分析，并自然地引出了下文的应对方法。 14.A　空处为本段小标题。下文论述了拿自己和家人、朋友或同事比较是一种自我毁灭的行为，强调每个人的人生轨迹不同，应专注于自身成就。A项（永远不要拿自己和别人比较）精准概括了本段反对攀比、专注自我的核心观点。 15.C　本段小标题建议回顾过往成就，空后进一步指出自我反思是消除自我怀疑的最佳工具之一，能让人想起曾经的佳绩。C项（还记得你曾取得非凡成就的时刻吗？）通过问句形式引导读者进行回忆，直接呼应了小标题并开启了下文关于自我反思的论述。 16.F　空前提到与积极向善的人相处时，他们总会鼓励你变得更优秀。F项（他们会帮你从消极压抑的困境中走出来）进一步阐述了优质社交关系在心理调适方面的积极作用，逻辑衔接紧密。F项中的They指代上文的good people。 17.E　空前提到当局面变得难以掌控时，应当寻求专业帮助。E项（如果不加干预，自我怀疑会变成一个挥之不去的障碍）解释了为什么要及时干预和寻求帮助，强调了问题的严重性，与上文关于“寻求专业帮助”的必要性论述相符。 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $