Unit 1 A world of cultures（知识清单）英语新教材译林版九年级下册

该初中英语单元知识清单围绕“世界文化”主题，系统梳理了文化符号、情绪感受等分类词汇，动词短语、介词短语等实用短语，文化介绍、异国生活等交际句型，代词it的用法及“介绍亚洲国家”写作模块，搭建从词汇积累到句型运用再到篇章写作的递进式学习支架。 清单通过“词汇-短语-句型-语法-写作”五级关联呈现知识体系，如分类词汇配情境例句强化语言能力，语法部分分“人称代词/非人称代词/形式主宾语”精讲并设考点训练培养思维品质。设计“易错点助记口诀”（如population用法口诀）、“写作素材库”（含高频短语与高分句型），贴合文化意识培育，学生可自主复习，教师能据此设计针对性教学活动，提升课堂实效。

Unit 1 A world of cultures 主 题 场 景 分 类 词 汇 一、文化符号： 1. ballet (芭蕾舞) Ballet is a cultural symbol of Russia.（芭蕾舞是俄罗斯的文化符号。） 2. beer (啤酒) Oktoberfest is famous for its beer.（慕尼黑啤酒节以啤酒闻名。） 3. carnival (狂欢节) Carnival in Brazil is full of colourful performances.（巴西狂欢节充满丰富多彩的表演。） 4. tai chi (太极拳) Tai chi is a series of slow, gentle movements.（太极拳是一套缓慢柔和的动作。） 5. sushi (寿司) Sushi is a famous traditional Japanese food.（寿司是日本著名的传统食物。） 6. kimono (和服) Many tourists like wearing beautiful kimonos when they visit Japan.（许多游客游览日本时喜欢穿着漂亮的和服。） 7. curry (咖喱菜) Special local food like curry truly reflects local culture.（像咖喱这样的特色美食真切地反映了当地文化。） 8. drum (鼓) People beat drums to celebrate traditional festivals.（人们击鼓庆祝传统节日。） 二、情绪感受： 1. uneasy (担心的，忧虑的；不安的) I felt uneasy when I first studied abroad.（我第一次出国留学时感到忐忑不安。） 2. awkward (使人难堪的) It is awkward to make mistakes in public.（在公共场合犯错会让人很尴尬。） 3. tear (眼泪) Tears filled her eyes when she missed her family.（她想家时热泪盈眶。） 三、性格态度： 1. direct (直接的；坦率的) Western people are usually very direct in communication.（西方人交流通常十分坦率。） 2. open-minded (思想开明的) We should be open-minded to different cultures.（我们应当以开放的心态对待不同文化。） 3. strongly (强烈地；坚决地) He strongly supports cultural exchange activities.（他坚决支持文化交流活动。） 4. respect (尊重；尊敬) We must respect the customs of other countries.（我们必须尊重他国的风俗习惯。） 四、国家人文&地理： 1. civilization (文明) Chinese civilization has a history of thousands of years.（中华文明拥有数千年历史。） 2. ethnic (民族的；种族的) Our country has 56 ethnic groups in total.（我国总共有56个民族。） 3. reflect (反映；显示；反射) Traditional food reflects local cultural features.（传统食物反映当地的文化特色。） 4. port (港口；港口城市) Shanghai is an important port city in China.（上海是中国重要的港口城市。） 5. population (人口) China has the largest population in the world.（中国拥有世界最多的人口。） 6. quarter (四分之一；一刻钟) A quarter of the world’s population speaks English.（世界上四分之一的人口说英语。） 7. coast (海岸；海滨) Many beautiful cities lie on the coast of the sea.（许多美丽的城市坐落于海边。） 8. island (岛屿) This island is famous for its natural scenery.（这座岛屿以自然风光闻名。） 五、风俗社交： 1. custom (风俗；习俗) Every country has its own special customs.（每个国家都有自己独特的风俗。） 2. greet (问候；打招呼) People greet each other differently in different countries.（不同国家的人问候方式各不相同。） 3. kiss (亲吻) Kissing is a common way of greeting in Western countries.（亲吻是西方国家常见的问候方式。） 4. shake (摇动；抖动) We usually shake hands when we meet new people.（我们遇见陌生人通常会握手。） 5. nod (点头) He nodded to show that he agreed with me.（他点头表示同意我的观点。） 短 语 一、动词短语： 1. control one's breathing（调整呼吸）She finally came out of her shell after joining the cultural club.（加入文化社团后，她终于变得开朗大方。） 2. leave...behind（抛下……；留下……）She left all her familiar things behind in her hometown.（她把所有熟悉的事物都留在了家乡。） 3. come out of one's shell（变得开朗大方；不再拘谨）After making new friends, I finally came out of my shell.（交到新朋友后，我终于变得开朗大方。） 4. express one's opinions（表达观点）Western people usually express their opinions directly.（西方人通常直率地表达自己的观点。） 5. get used to...（习惯于……）I have got used to the life in the new city.（我已经习惯了这座新城市的生活。） 6. fall in love with...（爱上……；喜欢上……）She fell in love with Rome after living there for some time.（在罗马生活一段时间后，她爱上了这座城市。） 7. stop by（顺路造访；短暂停留）We often stop by small shops when we walk outside.（我们外出散步时常顺路逛逛小店。） 8. admire artworks（欣赏艺术品）We can admire fine artworks in the local museums.（我们可以在当地博物馆欣赏精美的艺术品。） 9. take up（占据(空间/面积)）The big lake takes up most of the area of the garden.（大湖占据了这座园林的大部分面积。） 10. see sth. in real life（亲眼目睹某物）It is amazing to see the Bund in real life.（亲眼见到外滩令人惊叹。） 11. reflect the culture（彰显文化；反映文化特色）Local food and customs can reflect the local culture.（当地的美食和风俗能够反映本土文化特色。） 12. have sth. in common（有共同之处）China and Singapore have many traditions in common.（中国和新加坡有许多共通的传统习俗。） 13. serve with...（搭配……食用）Indian curry is usually served with rice or flatbread.（印度咖喱通常搭配米饭或扁面包食用。） 二、介词短语： 1. in a loud voice（大声地）Italians often speak in a loud voice.（意大利人说话时常声音很大。） 2. at the local square（在当地广场）I enjoy staying at the local square with friends.（我喜欢和朋友待在当地的广场上。） 3. across the lake（湖对面；湖对岸）A beautiful bridge lies across the lake.（湖的对岸有一座美丽的桥。） 4. on either side of...（在……的两边）There are stone lions on either side of the bridge.（桥的两边都有石狮子。） 5. in real life（亲眼；现实中）The famous view is more beautiful in real life.（著名的景色亲眼所见更美。） 6. in common（共同的；共有的）The two cultures have a lot in common.（这两种文化有许多共通之处。） 三、名词短语： 1. a series of slow, gentle movements（一系列舒缓柔和的动作）Tai chi is a series of slow, gentle movements.（太极是一系列舒缓柔和的动作。） 2. cultural differences（文化差异）We should learn more about cultural differences.（我们应该多了解文化差异。） 3. three quarters of the area（四分之三的面积）The lake takes up three quarters of the area.（这片湖泊占据了四分之三的面积。） 4. public transport system（公共交通系统）Shanghai has a great public transport system.（上海拥有完善的公共交通系统。） 5. ancient civilization（古文明）China has one of the greatest ancient civilizations.（中国拥有最伟大的古文明之一。） 6. ethnic groups（民族；族群）China has many different ethnic groups.（中国有许多不同的民族。） 7. a mix of East and West（东西方融合的特色）Singapore is famous for a mix of East and West. （新加坡以东西方文化融合的特色闻名。） 8. busiest ports（最繁忙的港口）Singapore has one of the busiest ports in the world.（新加坡拥有世界上最繁忙的港口之一。） 9. official language（官方语言）English is one of the official languages in India.（英语是印度的官方语言之一。） 10. Indian curry（印度咖喱）Indian curry tastes spicy and special.（印度咖喱口感辛辣、风味独特。） 11. spicy sauce（辣酱）The dish is cooked with special spicy sauce.（这道菜是用特制辣酱烹制的。） 12. the experience of a lifetime（毕生难忘的经历）A cultural trip is truly the experience of a lifetime.（一场文化之旅真是毕生难忘的经历。） 实 用 交 际 套 句 型 一、文化符号询问与介绍句型： 1. Can you tell me a cultural symbol of your country? 你能告诉我你们国家的一个文化符号吗？ 2. I'd say... has a special place in... 我认为……在……有着特殊的地位。 3. What do you think is a major cultural symbol of China? 你认为中国的主要文化符号是什么？ 4. It's a series of slow, gentle movements. 它是一系列舒缓柔和的动作。 5. It's good for your body and mind. 它有益身心健康。 二、异国生活与适应经历句型： 1. What if you have to move to a place far away from your home? 如果你不得不搬到一个远离家乡的地方该怎么办？ 2. I had to say goodbye to my friends and leave everything safe and familiar behind. 我不得不告别朋友，抛下所有安稳熟悉的一切。 3. I felt very uneasy because I couldn't speak the local language. 我因为不会说当地语言而感到忐忑不安。 4. Once I came out of my shell, there were new challenges. 我变得开朗后，又迎来了新的挑战。 5. This was very different from... 这与……截然不同。 6. I've got used to the life here, and I'm in love with this city. 我已经习惯了这里的生活，并且爱上了这座城市。 7. The place I used to be afraid of now feels like home. 我曾经畏惧的地方，如今已然像家一般温暖。 三、国家/城市介绍句型 1. ...is one of the oldest civilizations in the world. ……是世界上最古老的文明之一。 2. With a history of... and different ethnic groups, ... has developed a rich culture. 拥有……的历史和多个民族，……孕育了丰富的文化。 3. ...is a small island country in... ……是位于……的一个小岛国。 4. The population is mainly made up of... 人口主要由……构成。 5. The two countries have many traditions in common. 这两个国家有许多共同的传统习俗。 6. ...is famous for its mix of cultures. ……以多元文化融合而闻名。 7. ...is located in... ……位于…… 8. With... people living there, it has one of the largest populations in the world. 拥有……人口，它是世界上人口最多的国家之一。 9. ...is well worth a visit. ……非常值得游览。 10. A trip to... will be the experience of a lifetime. 一场……之旅将是毕生难忘的经历。 语法 代词 it 的用法 写作 介绍一个亚洲国家 一、知识点精讲 1. tear /tɪə(r)/ n. 眼泪 【句型】 ①in tears 含泪；流泪 She was in tears when she left her hometown. 她离开家乡时泪流满面。 ②tears of joy 喜悦的泪水 They shed tears of joy after succeeding. 成功后他们流下了喜悦的泪水。 2. movement /ˈmuːvmənt/ n.（身体）活动；动作；移动 【句型】 ①slow and gentle movements 舒缓柔和的动作 Tai chi includes a series of slow and gentle movements. 太极包含一系列舒缓柔和的动作。 ②body movement 肢体动作 Every body movement in tai chi is graceful. 太极的每一个肢体动作都很优雅。 3. uneasy /ʌnˈiːzi/ adj. 不安的；忧虑的；心神不宁的 【句型】 ①feel uneasy 感到不安/不自在 I felt uneasy in a totally new school at first. 起初我在全新的学校里感到很不自在。 ②be uneasy about sth 对某事感到担忧 She is uneasy about her life in a foreign country. 她对自己在国外的生活感到担忧。 4. direct /dəˈrekt; daɪˈrekt/ adj. 直率的；坦率的；直接的 【句型】 ①be direct 性格直率坦率 Italians are very direct and express their ideas openly. 意大利人性格直率，坦诚表达想法。 ②in a direct way 以直接的方式 We should communicate with others in a direct way. 我们应该坦诚地与人交流。 5. strongly /strɒŋli/ adv. 坚决地；强烈地；猛烈地 【句型】 ①express opinions strongly 强烈地表达观点 Local people usually express their opinions strongly. 当地人通常会坚决地表达自己的观点。 ②strongly believe 坚信 I strongly believe cultural communication is important. 我坚信文化交流十分重要。 6. awkward /ˈɔːkwəd/ adj. 尴尬的；别扭的；局促不安的 【句型】 ①feel awkward 感到尴尬 I felt awkward when they spoke loudly. 当他们大声说话时，我感到很尴尬。 ②an awkward situation 尴尬的处境 It is an awkward situation to stay alone in a new place. 独自待在陌生的地方是一种尴尬的处境。 7. open-minded /ˌəʊpən ˈmaɪndɪd/ adj. 思想开明的；豁达的 【句型】 ①be open-minded to different cultures 对不同文化持开放态度 We should be open-minded to different cultures and traditions. 我们要以开放心态对待不同的文化与传统。 ②keep open-minded 保持思想开明 Travelling helps us keep open-minded. 旅行能帮助我们保持心态开明。 8. quarter /ˈkwɔːtə(r)/ n. 四分之一；一刻钟 【句型】 ①three quarters 四分之三 The lake takes up three quarters of the total area. 湖面占据了总面积的四分之三。 ②a quarter past... ……点一刻 We will meet at a quarter past nine. 我们将在九点一刻见面。 9. civilization /ˌsɪvəlaɪˈzeɪʃn/ n. 文明 【句型】 ①ancient civilization 古文明 China has one of the oldest ancient civilizations in the world. 中国拥有世界上最古老的古文明之一。 ②human civilization 人类文明 Cultural heritage is the treasure of human civilization. 文化遗产是人类文明的瑰宝。 10. ethnic /ˈeθnɪk/ adj. 民族的；种族的 【句型】 ①ethnic groups 民族；族群 China has many different ethnic groups and rich cultures. 中国有众多不同民族和丰富的文化。 ②ethnic culture 民族文化 We should protect traditional ethnic culture. 我们应该保护传统民族文化。 11. reflect /rɪˈflekt/ vt. 反映；显示；表明 【句型】 ①reflect the culture 反映文化特色 Local food and customs can reflect the local culture. 当地的美食和风俗能够反映本土文化。 ②reflect one’s life 体现某人的生活 These paintings reflect the life of local people. 这些画作体现了当地人的生活。 12. port /pɔːt/ n. 港口；港口城市 【句型】 ①a busy port 繁忙的港口 Singapore has one of the busiest ports in the world. 新加坡拥有世界上最繁忙的港口之一。 ②port city 港口城市 This port city develops very fast. 这座港口城市发展十分迅速。 13. trade /treɪd/ vt. & vi. 从事贸易；交易 n. 贸易 【句型】 ①trade with... 与……进行贸易 Many countries trade with Singapore every year. 每年都有许多国家和新加坡通商贸易。 ②international trade 国际贸易 International trade promotes cultural communication. 国际贸易促进文化交流。 14. population /ˌpɒpjuˈleɪʃn/ n. 人口；人口数量 【句型】 ①have a large/small population 人口多/少 India has a very large population in the world. 印度是世界上人口众多的国家。 ②be made up of... population 人口由……构成 Singapore’s population is mainly made up of three groups. 新加坡人口主要由三类人群构成。 ③What’s the population of...? ……的人口是多少？ What’s the population of your country? 你们国家的人口是多少？ 15. location /ləʊˈkeɪʃn/ n. 位置；地点 【句型】 ①the location of... ……的位置 The location of India is in South Asia. 印度的地理位置在南亚。 ②a perfect location 绝佳的地理位置 Singapore has a perfect location for international trade. 新加坡拥有适合国际贸易的绝佳地理位置。 16. official /əˈfɪʃl/ adj. 官方的 n. 官员 【句型】 ①official language 官方语言 English and Hindi are both official languages in India. 英语和印地语都是印度的官方语言。 ②official information 官方信息 We should believe official information. 我们应该相信官方信息。 17. spicy /ˈspaɪsi/ adj. 辛辣的；加有香料的 【句型】 ①spicy food 辛辣食物 Indian people like eating spicy food very much. 印度人非常爱吃辛辣食物。 ②spicy sauce 辣酱 The dish is cooked with special spicy sauce. 这道菜是用特制辣酱烹制的。 18. sauce /sɔːs/ n. 调味汁；酱汁 【句型】 ①cook with sauce 用酱汁烹饪 People cook meat and vegetables with special sauce to make curry. 人们用特制酱汁烹饪肉和蔬菜制作咖喱。 ②tomato sauce 番茄酱 I like eating pizza with tomato sauce. 我喜欢吃加番茄酱的披萨。 19. surviving /səˈvaɪvɪŋ/ adj. 幸存的；存留下来的 【句型】 ①surviving artworks 留存下来的艺术品 These are the best surviving examples of ancient Indian art. 这些是留存下来最优质的古印度艺术范本。 ②surviving buildings 现存建筑 The temple is one of the oldest surviving buildings. 这座寺庙是现存最古老的建筑之一。 20. come out of one's shell 放大胆子；不再拘谨；变得开朗 【句型】 come out of one's shell 变得开朗大方 After making new friends, I finally came out of my shell. 交到新朋友后，我终于变得开朗大方。 21. stop by 顺路造访；短暂停留 【句型】 stop by + 地点 顺路造访某地 I often stop by a pizza restaurant after walking. 散步后我常顺路去披萨店坐坐。 22. take up 占据（时间/空间/面积） 【句型】 ①take up + 空间/面积 占据…… The big lake takes up most of the garden’s area. 大湖占据了这座园林的大部分面积。 ②take up time 占用时间 Reading books never takes up too much time. 读书从不会占用太多时间。 二、核心语法精讲 代词it的用法 1. it作人称代词 it指物 Look at the panda, it is so small. Another famous attraction is the great wall. It runs for over 6000 kilometers across northern China. it指不明性别 My aunt will have a baby soon. She hopes it will be a girl. Look at that cute baby over there. It's a boy, isn't it? it指未知 Who was calling you on the phone just now? It was my cousin. it指代前面所提 Riding around the countryside is popular in Guilin, isn't it? Tourists like to take a boat trip along the Lijiang river. It is great fun. 2. it作非人称代词 it指时间 It is 6：30 pm. it指日期 It's January 1st today. It's New Year's day. it指天气 It is raining heavily outside. /In Beijing, it is cold and windy in winter. it指距离 It is two kilometers from my school to my home. 3. it作形式主语或形式宾语 it作形式主语 It's very tiring to climb the steps. It is popular to hire a bicycle and ride around the countryside. It's amazing that there are so many rocks in unusual shapes in the cave. it作形式宾语 Many people find it pleasant to travel around. 4. 考点 It's +adj+ for/of sb to do something. It takes sb sometime to do something. It is said/ reported ...that... ...think /find it +adj.(easy/difficult... )to do something. 三、单元写作清单 1. 话题分析 (1) 写作话题：介绍亚洲国家文化类（异域风土人情、美食、名胜、文明特色） (2) 核心考点 ①介绍国家地理位置、人口、语言等基本概况 ②描述特色美食、经典名胜古迹 ③评价国家文化价值与旅行意义 ④运用位置、人口、特色、评价类句型，贴合中考书面表达评分标准 (3) 写作立意：了解亚洲多元世界文化，尊重不同国家风土人情，感受异域文明的独特魅力。 2. 写作框架 3. 写作素材 (1) 核心高频短语（作文必用） • be located in South East Asia 位于东南亚 • one of the largest populations 人口最多的国家之一 • official language 官方语言 • all over the world 全世界 • a mix of East and West 东西方文化交融 • one of the busiest ports 最繁忙的港口之一 • be well worth a visit 非常值得一游 • the experience of a lifetime 毕生难忘的经历 • ancient Indian art 古印度艺术 (2) 课本高分句型（可直接背诵仿写） • If you are interested in different cultures and delicious food, Singapore is a good choice for you. 如果你对多元文化和美食感兴趣，新加坡会是你的绝佳选择。 • It is a small Asian country with a special mixed culture. 它是一个拥有独特多元文化的亚洲小国。 • Local food and customs reflect its rich and mixed culture. 当地的美食与风俗彰显着丰富的多元文化。 • The country is well worth a visit for its special cultural features. 这个国家独特的文化特色非常值得一游。 • A trip to this Asian country will be the experience of a lifetime. 这场亚洲国度之旅将会是毕生难忘的体验。 (3) 升华加分句型（提分专用） • Singapore is an Asian country with a unique mixed culture. 新加坡是一个拥有独特多元文化的亚洲国家。 • Travelling to different countries helps us understand and respect cultural differences. 跨国旅行帮助我们理解并尊重文化差异。 • Ancient artworks show the wisdom of local people in ancient times. 古老的艺术品展现了古人的智慧。 4. 范文背诵 范文一：基础稳妥版（贴合课本、零失误、适合保底满分） Discover a Beautiful Asian Country — Singapore If you want to enjoy special mixed cultures, tasty food and famous tourist attractions, Singapore is a wonderful choice in Asia. Singapore is a small island country located in South East Asia. Though it is not big, it has a population of about six million. The country’s population is mainly made up of Chinese, Malay and Indian people, which makes its culture quite special. Both English and Chinese are widely spoken here. Singapore is famous for its mixed culture and great trade. It is a typical country where East meets West. Different kinds of local food here can fully reflect its rich cultural features. Besides, Singapore has one of the busiest ports in the world. Every day, lots of ships come here to trade with different countries. Such a special cultural and economic environment makes Singapore very attractive. In a word, Singapore is a charming Asian country full of cultural diversity. A trip to this lovely country will surely be the experience of a lifetime. 范文二：进阶高分版（句式丰富、语法高级、适配中考高分） A Charming Asian Country — Singapore As a wonderful island country in Southeast Asia, Singapore has won great popularity among tourists for its unique mixed culture, delicious food and developed trade. Lying in South East Asia, Singapore covers a small area but has a population of six million. The local people are mainly from Chinese, Malay and Indian ethnic groups, so the country has formed a special culture that mixes Eastern and Western styles. People here can speak both English and Chinese, which greatly helps foreign visitors communicate easily. What makes Singapore most special is its cultural diversity. Various local foods and traditions perfectly show its rich cultural features. In addition, Singapore owns one of the busiest ports around the world. It trades with countless countries every day, making it an important economic and trade center in Asia. Walking in the city, you can feel the perfect combination of Eastern tradition and Western fashion. Generally speaking, Singapore is a charming Asian country with rich cultural traditions and prosperous trade. Exploring this special country not only brings us joy, but also helps us learn to respect cultural differences. It is really an experience of a lifetime worth treasuring. 易错点 01 population 用法易错 【助记口诀】 population 表数字，谓语单数要记住； 大小用 large/small，how many 不能用。 【错因辨析】 1. population 表示 “人口数量”，作主语时视作单数，谓语动词用单数形式，不能用 many/much 修饰人口多少，要用large / small。 2. 询问人口数量固定句型：What's the population of…?，不能用 How many / How much 提问。 3. 表示 “…… 人口中的几分之几”：分数 + of the population，此时谓语根据后面所指人可使用复数。 课文原句：With about 1.4 billion people living there, the country has one of the largest populations in the world. 【对点训练】 1. The population of Singapore about six million. A. is B. are C. was 【答案】A 【解析】主语 the population 指人口数量，视作单数；本句陈述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，故选 A。 2. — the population of India? —It’s about 1.4 billion. A. How many is B. What is C. How much is 【答案】B 【解析】询问某地人口，固定句型What's the population of…?，不能用 how many /how much，故选 B。 3. Three quarters of the population in this country Chinese. A. is B. are C. be 【答案】B 【解析】three‑quarters of the population此处指代人口当中的人们，指复数的人，谓语动词用 are，故选 B。 易错点 02 it 形式宾语结构易漏写 it 【助记口诀】 find /think + it + adj. + to do； it 作形式宾语，真正宾语是 to‑do。 【错因辨析】 课文句型：I find it pleasant to walk around the city. find / think / feel + it + 形容词 + to do sth，it 是形式宾语，不能省略，也不能换成 that；真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式 to do。 易错错句：❌ I find pleasant to walk around the city.（缺少形式宾语 it） 区分：it 指代实物 vs it 形式宾语：形式宾语 it 没有实际含义，不翻译为 “它”。 【对点训练】 1. I find exciting to try different kinds of local food. A. that B. it C. this 【答案】B 【解析】find it + adj. + to do sth固定结构，it 作形式宾语代替后面 to try… 不定式，故选 B。 2. She thinks interesting to learn about different cultures. A. it B. that C. one 【答案】A 【解析】think 后需要形式宾语 it，真正宾语为 to learn about different cultures，故选 A。 3. Which sentence is correct? A. I find hard to get used to new culture. B. I find it hard to get used to new culture. C. I find that hard get used to new culture. 【答案】B 【解析】固定结构 find it +adj.+to do sth.，it 不可省略，to 不能丢掉，只有 B 语法正确。 易错点 03 while 引导状语从句省略条件易错 【助记口诀】 while 从句要省略，主从句主语要一样； 省掉主语和 be，剩下分词来上岗。 【错因辨析】 课文原句：You need to control your breathing while practising it. 完整句 = You need to control your breathing while you are practising it. 省略前提：主句和从句主语完全相同，从句含有 be 动词，这时可以把从句的「主语 + be 动词」一起省略，只保留现在分词 doing。 如果主从句主语不一致，绝对不能省略。 ❌错：While reading books, the phone rang.（主语不一致，不能省略） 【对点训练】 1. You should keep calm while with people from different cultures. A. communicate B. communicating C. you communicate 【答案】B 【解析】主句主语 you 和 while 从句主语同为 you，可以省略主语 + be 动词，保留现在分词 communicating，故选 B。 2. Which one can be changed into “While watching the show, we felt happy.”? A. While we are watching the show, we felt happy. B. While we watched the show, we felt happy. C. While we were watching the show, we felt happy. 【答案】C 【解析】原句省略we were，完整还原从句需要主语 + be 动词（过去进行时），故选 C。 3. travelling abroad, different customs will surprise you. A. While B. When you C. While you are 【答案】C 【解析】主句主语是different customs，和 travel 逻辑主语人不一致，不能直接用 while doing 省略，必须补出从句主语 you 和 be 动词，选 C。 易错点 04 be made up of /be made of 短语辨析易错 【助记口诀】 be made up of 由…… 组成； be made of 看得出原材料。 【错因辨析】 课文原句：The population is mainly made up of Chinese, Malay and Indian people. be made up of：由…… 组成，强调整体由多个部分构成。 be made of：由…… 制成，成品能够直接看出原材料；课文：It is made of a type of special hard white stone.（泰姬陵由特殊白色硬石头建成，可以看出石头原料） 易混淆：不要把be made up of（组成）和be made of（制作）混用。 【对点训练】 1. Singapore’s population mainly three groups of people. A. is; made of B. is; made up of C. was; made of 【答案】B 【解析】句意：新加坡人口主要由三类人构成。be made up of表示 “由…… 组成”，客观事实用一般现在时，选 B。 2. The Taj Mahal special hard white stone. A. is made of B. is made up of C. was made up of 【答案】A 【解析】泰姬陵由白色硬石头建成，可以看出原材料，使用 be made of，选 A。 3. Our class 45 students. A. is made of B. is made up of C. are made up of 【答案】B 【解析】班级作为一个整体，视作单数；表示 “由 45 名学生组成” 用 be made up of，选 B。 一、根据汉语意思写出单词。 1. The beautiful old building stands for the ancient (文明) of this country. 【答案】civilization 【详解】句意：这座美丽的古老建筑代表这个国家古老的文明。civilization 名词，意为 “文明”，ancient 修饰名词，直接填原形 civilization。 2. Tai chi is a set of slow gentle (运动) of body. 【答案】movements 【详解】句意：太极拳是一套缓慢柔和的身体运动。movement n. 运动；a set of “一套”，后面可数名词用复数 movements。 3. Singapore is famous for its mix of different (民族的) cultures. 【答案】ethnic 【详解】句意：新加坡因多元的民族文化而出名。ethnic 形容词，“民族的，种族的”，修饰后面名词 cultures。 4. The local (港口) receives thousands of ships every year. 【答案】port 【详解】句意：这座本地港口每年接纳成千上万艘轮船。port 名词 “港口”，谓语 receives 为单数，主语填 port。 5. This kind of (咖喱菜) is popular both in Asia and Western countries. 【答案】curry 【详解】句意：这种咖喱菜在亚洲和西方国家都很受欢迎。curry 名词 “咖喱菜”，this kind of 后接名词原形 curry。 二、根据首字母提示写出单词。 1. P ? I couldn’t catch what you said just now. Could you repeat it? 【答案】(P) ardon 【详解】句意：什么？我刚才没听清你说的话，你能重复一遍吗？pardon exclam. 用于请求别人再说一遍，句首首字母大写 Pardon。 2. She felt u when she first arrived in a foreign country without any friends. 【答案】(u) neasy 【详解】句意：当她第一次来到异国他乡、没有朋友的时候，她内心忐忑不安。uneasy 形容词，“担心的，忧虑的”，放在系动词 felt 后面作表语。 3. Don’t be so d to others; sometimes being gentle is better. 【答案】(d) irect 【详解】句意：不要对别人太过直截了当，有时候温和一点会更好。direct adj.“直爽的，坦率的”，be direct to sb 对人直来直去。 4. The big hall can take up one q of the whole building. 【答案】(q) uarter 【详解】句意：这个大厅占据整栋建筑的四分之一。quarter n. 四分之一；one quarter 四分之一。 5. This book r the real life of people in Southeast‑Asia. 【答案】(r) eflects 【详解】句意：这本书反映了东南亚人们真实的生活。reflect vt. 反映；主语 this book 为单数，一般现在时谓语用 reflects。 三、单项选择。 1. When you meet foreigners, you should be open‑minded and respect cultures which are different yours. A. in B. from C. for D. to 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当你遇见外国人，你应该思想开明，尊重和你不一样的文化。固定搭配 be different from “与…… 不同”，故选 B。 2. It took up three quarters of the park area. A. in B. / C. for D. of 【答案】B 【详解】句意：它占据了公园面积的四分之三。固定短语 take up “占据（空间）”，后面直接接宾语，不需要介词，故选 B。 3. He was too shy at first. But he and took part in group discussions later. A. came out of his shell B. set the stage for him C. went through it D. looked back on it 【答案】A 【详解】句意：一开始他十分害羞，但是后来他放大胆子，参加小组讨论。come out of one’s shell 放大胆子、不再缩手缩脚；B 为…… 铺平道路；C 经历；D 回顾。结合语境选 A。 4. —I will go to Singapore for my summer holiday. — . Remember to try some local food there. A. That’s right B. Pardon me C. Sounds great D. Never mind 【答案】C 【详解】句意：— 暑假我要去新加坡。— 听起来很棒。记得尝尝当地美食。A 那是对的；B 请再说一遍；C 听起来很棒；D 没关系。对别人出行计划表示赞许，选 C。 5. It is well‑known Singapore is a mix of East and West cultures. A. what B. that C. whether D. if 【答案】B 【详解】句意：众所周知新加坡是东西方文化交融之地。固定句型 It is well‑known that… “众所周知……”，that 引导主语从句，选 B。 6. Many people enjoy by the lake on warm evenings. A. go for a walk B. going for a walk C. go for walks D. to go for a walk 【答案】B 【详解】句意：很多人喜欢在温暖的傍晚到湖边散步。固定搭配 enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事；go for a walk 散步，动名词形式 going for a walk，选 B。 7. India has a population about 1.4 billion people. A. of B. for C. with D. about 【答案】A 【详解】句意：印度人口大约有 14 亿。固定搭配 have a population of …“有…… 人口数量”，选 A。 8. You need to control your breathing you are practising tai chi. A. though B. while C. until D. since 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当你练习太极拳的时候，你需要控制你的呼吸。while“当…… 时候”，引导时间状语从句，从句常接进行时态，选 B。 9. The little boy felt because he couldn’t understand local language. A. direct B. shiny C. awkward D. spicy 【答案】C 【详解】句意：小男孩感到很尴尬，因为他听不懂当地语言。awkward adj. 使人难堪的、尴尬的；direct 直爽的；shiny 光亮的；spicy 辛辣的。结合语境选 C。 10. —What do you think of the documentary about different cultures? — . It teaches me to respect people from different backgrounds. A. It’s awful B. It’s worth watching C. It’s boring D. It’s nothing serious 【答案】B 【详解】句意：— 你觉得这部关于多元文化的纪录片怎么样？— 值得一看，它教会我尊重不同背景的人们。A 很糟糕；B 值得一看；C 很无聊；D 没什么大事。根据答句后一句，选 B。 四、完形填空。 One afternoon I toured an art museum while waiting for my husband to finish a business meeting. I was looking forward to a ___1___ viewing of the wonderful paintings. A young couple were viewing the paintings in front of me and ___2___ with each other without stop. I watched them for a moment and ___3___ the man’s wife was talking all the time. I was surprised to see that the man was so ___4___ and could stand his wife’s words, but I still moved on. I met them several times when I moved ___5___ the different rooms of art. Each time I heard she continued talking about the paintings, I moved away ___6___ . I was buying some ___7___ in the museum shop when the couple came near to the gate. ___8___ they left, the man reached into his pocket and pulled out something brown. He turned it into a long ___9___ and then tapped (轻敲) his way into the coatroom to get his wife’s jacket. “He’s a brave man,” a clerk beside me said. “Most of us would ___10___ if we became blind at such a young age. During his treatment, he made a ___11___ that his life wouldn’t change. So, as before, he and his wife come in ___12___ there’s a new art show in the museum. “But how does he get out of the art?” I asked. “He can’t see.” “Can’t see? You’re ___13___ . He sees a lot, more than you or I do,” the clerk said. “His wife describes each painting, so he can see it in his head.” I learned ___14___ about patience, courage and love that day. I saw the patience of a young wife describing paintings to a person who was blind and the courage of a husband who would not allow blindness to make his life different. And I saw the love ___15___ by two people as I watched this couple walk away holding each other’s hands. 1. A. active B. quiet C. simple D. free 2. A. chatting B. playing C. fighting D. helping 3. A. studied B. learned C. noticed D. believed 4. A. patient B. careful C. gentle D. polite 5. A. for B. across C. with D. through 6. A. quickly B. slowly C. happily D. sadly 7. A. fruits B. gifts C. clothes D. newspapers 8. A. While B. After C. Before D. When 9. A. stick B. rope C. key D. knife 10. A. make up B. give up C. tidy up D. stay up 11. A. promise B. difference C. mistake D. speech 12. A. whatever B. whenever C. whoever D. wherever 13. A. curious B. crazy C. wrong D. silly 14. A. nothing B. anything C. everything D. something 15. A. shared B. lost C. forgot D. found 【答案】1~5 BACAD 6~10 ABCAB 11~15 ABCDA 【导语】本文讲述作者在美术馆遇到一对夫妻，丈夫双目失明，妻子耐心为他描述每一幅画作。作者被他们身上的耐心、勇气与爱深深打动。 1．句意：我期待可以安静地欣赏这些绝妙的画作。 active 积极的；quiet 安静的；simple 简单的；free 自由的。根据后文一对夫妇不停聊天，打扰到作者参观可知，作者想要安静观画。故选 B。 2．句意：一对年轻夫妇在我前面欣赏画作，不停地互相聊天。 chatting 聊天；playing 玩耍；fighting 打架；helping 帮助。根据下文 “the man’s wife was talking all the time” 妻子一直在说话，可知二人在聊天。故选 A。 3．句意：我看了他们一会儿，注意到这位男士的妻子一直在说话。 studied 学习；learned 得知；noticed 注意到；believed 相信。根据 “I watched them for a moment” 我观察他们片刻，是注意到妻子一直在讲话。故选 C。 4．句意：我很惊讶看到这位男士如此有耐心，能够忍受妻子的话语，但我还是继续往前走。 patient 有耐心的；careful 仔细的；gentle 温和的；polite 礼貌的。根据后文丈夫失明，妻子一直在为他描述画作，可知丈夫很有耐心。故选 A。 5．句意：当我穿过美术馆不同展厅的时候，我好几次碰到他们。 for 为了；across（从表面）穿过；with 和；through（从内部）穿过。穿过房间、展厅内部使用介词 through。故选 D。 6．句意：每次听到她继续谈论画作，我就快速走开。 quickly 快速地；slowly 缓慢地；happily 开心地；sadly 难过地。作者不想被他们的谈话打扰，所以快速离开。故选 A。 7．句意：当这对夫妇走到大门口附近时，我正在博物馆商店买一些礼品。 fruits 水果；gifts 礼品；clothes 衣服；newspapers 报纸。博物馆商店一般售卖纪念品、礼品。故选 B。 8．句意：在他们离开之前，男士把手伸进口袋，掏出一个棕色的东西。 While 当…… 时；After 在…… 之后；Before 在…… 之前；When 当…… 时候。根据下文他取出盲杖，去衣帽间拿妻子外套，动作发生在离开之前。故选 C。 9．句意：他把它变成长手杖，然后轻敲地面走进衣帽间去拿妻子的外套。 stick 手杖；rope 绳子；key 钥匙；knife 小刀。后文 clerk 说到他年轻时失明，盲人出行依靠手杖。故选 A。 10．句意：我们大多数人如果这么年轻就失明，可能会放弃。 make up 编造；give up 放弃；tidy up 整理；stay up 熬夜。结合语境，遭遇失明的不幸，很多人会选择放弃。故选 B。 11．句意：在治疗期间，他许下承诺，他的生活不会因此改变。 promise 承诺；difference 差异；mistake 错误；speech 演讲。make a promise 许下承诺，固定搭配。故选 A。 12．句意：所以，和以前一样，每当博物馆有新的艺术展，他和妻子就会过来。 whatever 无论什么；whenever 无论何时；whoever 无论谁；wherever 无论哪里。whenever 引导时间状语从句，表示每当有新展览，他们就来参观。故选 B。 13．句意：“看不见？你错了。他看到的东西很多，比你我看到的还要多。” 店员说道。 curious 好奇的；crazy 疯狂的；wrong 错误的；silly 愚蠢的。根据后句 “His wife describes each painting, so he can see it in his head.” 妻子给他描述画作，他可以在脑海想象画面，说明作者想法不对。故选 C。 14．句意：那天我学到了关于耐心、勇气和爱的一些东西。 nothing 没有什么；anything 任何事物；everything 一切；something 某物，某事。肯定句中 something，表示学到一些道理。故选 D。 15．句意：看着这对夫妻手牵手离开，我看到了两个人之间所共享的爱。 shared 分享，共享；lost 丢失；forgot 忘记；found 找到。这份爱是夫妻二人共同拥有、彼此共享的。故选 A。 五、阅读理解。 A Lauren Child is doing an important task. She is the author who wins the prize for children’s books. She also draws pictures of many successful books. Now she wants to get more young people doing…well, nothing. It’s a part of her new project to encourage children to put down their mobile phones, look into space and start thinking more creatively. Whether it’s making sculptures out of toast, creating a mini world or building a 3D space of your own, there are lots of suggestions in Child’s new series of books to give you inspirations and encouragement. “Everything is creative thinking; you can’t invent something or solve a problem without that time to think,” she tells The Week Junior. “It means you’re being asked to spend some time thinking about things.” Part of the reason why young people aren’t spending enough time thinking creatively, says Child, is phone use. It’s not that she is against phones—it’s just that you are too concentrated on it and you need to know what it is more important. “Sometimes you can be in a room with someone else and they’re so concentrated in using mobile phones that you don’t think they’re really there with you,” she says. “It’s so easy to lose attention to a phone, even at mealtimes, but you’re not living in the now. You’re not communicating with your immediate world.” Now Child wants to challenge herself to take just 15 minutes to put phone aside and be bored, and then try to get out of that boring feeling. “When I’m walking along the street try to look up more to notice buildings I’ve never seen before. Or I’ll look down at the street to see what someone has dropped or thrown away. If I see a pair of gloves, I’ll think, who left them there? This is where a story can start.” 1. Who is Lauren Child? A She is a scientist of star-watching. B. She is a writer of children’s books. C. She is a producer of mobile phones. D. She is a teacher of creative thinking. 2. What does Lauren Child say about mobile phones? A. Mobile phones are very useful and should be encouraged. B. Mobiles phones are widely used and very helpful in daily life. C. Mobile phones are taking too much time and attention of children. D. Mobile phones are very inspirational to creative thinking of children. 3. Lauren Child is challenging herself __________. A. to look up to buildings and learn their structures B. to create new stories for children to enjoy C. to help more people find what they have lost D. to stop using phone and enjoy doing nothing 4. What would Lauren Child say to children? A. It’s time to put down your phones. B. Come and join me in sky watching. C. Don’t be afraid of challenges. D. Life is risky and go give a try. 【答案】1．B    2．C    3．D    4．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍儿童书籍作家 Lauren Child，她发起新项目，呼吁青少年放下手机，留出放空思考的时间，以此激发创造性思维。 1．细节理解题。根据 “Lauren Child is doing an important task. She is the author who wins the prize for children’s books.” 可知 Lauren Child 是一名儿童书籍作家。故选 B。 2．细节理解题。根据 “Part of the reason why young people aren’t spending enough time thinking creatively, says Child, is phone use. It’s not that she is against phones—it’s just that you are too concentrated on it” 以及 “It’s so easy to lose attention to a phone, even at mealtimes” 可知手机占用了孩子们太多的时间和注意力。故选 C。 3．细节理解题。根据 “Now Child wants to challenge herself to take just 15 minutes to put phone aside and be bored, and then try to get out of that boring feeling.” 可知 Lauren Child 挑战自己放下手机，享受什么都不做的放空时光。故选 D。 4．推理判断题。通读全文可知文章核心是呼吁孩子们放下手机，进行创造性思考，所以她会对孩子们说是时候放下手机了。故选 A。 B Scrooge was a cold, greedy, mean, old man! The cold within him froze his old face. It made his eyes red and his thin lips blue, and it spoke out in his unkind voice. A frost(霜) covered his head, his eyebrows, and his pointed chin. His office is quite cold even at Christmas. Nobody ever stopped Scrooge in the street to say. “My dear Scrooge. How are you?” No beggars asked him for a penny. No children asked him. “What time is it?” No man or woman ever asked Scrooge for directions. And even dogs ran away from him. Once upon a time, on Christmas Eve, old Scrooge sat in his office. It was a cold and foggy day. He could hear the people outside, stamping their feet on the pavement to warm themselves. It was only three o’clock, but it was already quite dark. The candles were flickering（闪烁）in the windows of the neighbouring offices. The fog poured in through every keyhole. It was so thick that you could hardly see the houses on the other side of the street. The door of Scrooge’s office was open so that he could keep his eye on his clerk（职员）, Bob Cratchit. Bob sat in a cold, dark and small room. He was writing letters. Scrooge had a very small fire, but Bob’s fire was even smaller. Bob couldn’t add any more coal because Scrooge kept the coal box in his room. So Bob put on his winter woolen scarf and tried to warm himself by the candle. “Merry Christmas, Uncle, and God bless you!” cried a happy voice. It was Scrooge’s nephew（侄子）Fred. “Bah!” said Scrooge. “Humbug（谎话）!” “Christmas is a humbug, Uncle!” said Scrooge’s nephew. “You don’t mean that, I’m sure.” “I do,” said Scrooge. “Merry Christmas! What reason have you got to be happy? You’re poor to be happy.” “Oh,” said his nephew, laughing. “What reason have you got to be sad? You’re rich enough. Don’t be angry. Uncle!” said his nephew. “What else can I be?” replied Scrooge. “I live in a world of fools. Merry Christmas! What’s Christmas time to you? It’s a time for paying bills without money. It’s a time for finding yourself a year older, but no richer,” said Scrooge. —Taken from A Christmas Carol 5．What does the underlined word “It” refer to in the third paragraph? A．The weather. B．The window. C．The fog. D．The candle. 6．Why did Bob put on his winter woolen scarf and try to warm himself by the candle? A．Because the candle could keep him warm enough. B．Because he lost all his money. C．Because the door of Scrooge’s office was open. D．Because Scrooge wasn’t willing to give him coal to warm the room. 7．What can we know from the conversations between Scrooge and his nephew? A．Scrooge cared for nothing but money. B．Scrooge didn’t care about his nephew at all. C．Scrooge’s nephew didn’t feel happy on Christmas Eve. D．Scrooge’s nephew didn’t understand why Scrooge felt so happy on Christmas Eve. 8．What can we infer from the passage? A．Scrooge was kind and generous. B．Scrooge’s clerks were stupid. C．Scrooge’s nephew was poor but happy. D．Scrooge didn’t have any money. 【答案】5．C    6．D    7．A    8．C 【导语】本文节选自名著《圣诞颂歌》，讲述吝啬冷酷的 Scrooge 在圣诞前夕办公室的经历，通过环境描写以及和侄子的对话，塑造出一个视钱如命的人物形象。 5．词句猜测题。根据 “The fog poured in through every keyhole. It was so thick that you could hardly see the houses on the other side of the street.” 可知雾从锁孔涌入，浓度很大几乎看不清街对面房屋，此处 It 指代前面提到的雾。故选 C。 6．细节理解题。根据 “Scrooge had a very small fire, but Bob’s fire was even smaller. Bob couldn’t add any more coal because Scrooge kept the coal box in his room.” 可知 Scrooge 把煤箱放在自己房间，不愿意给 Bob 煤炭取暖。故选 D。 7．细节理解题。根据 Scrooge 和侄子的对话，Scrooge 认为贫穷的人没有理由快乐，圣诞节毫无意义，只看重财富，能够看出他除了金钱什么都不在乎。故选 A。 8．推理判断题。根据侄子的话语以及他开心送上圣诞祝福的情节，可以推断 Scrooge 的侄子虽然贫穷，但是过得很快乐。故选 C。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 A world of cultures 主 题 场 景 分 类 词 汇 一、文化符号： 1. ___________ (芭蕾舞) __________________________________________________________________（芭蕾舞是俄罗斯的文化符号。） 2. ___________ (啤酒) __________________________________________________________________（慕尼黑啤酒节以啤酒闻名。） 3. ___________ (狂欢节) __________________________________________________________________（巴西狂欢节充满丰富多彩的表演。） 4. ___________ (太极拳) __________________________________________________________________（太极拳是一套缓慢柔和的动作。） 5. ___________ (寿司) __________________________________________________________________（寿司是日本著名的传统食物。） 6. ___________ (和服) __________________________________________________________________（许多游客游览日本时喜欢穿着漂亮的和服。） 7. ___________ (咖喱菜) __________________________________________________________________（像咖喱这样的特色美食真切地反映了当地文化。） 8. ___________ (鼓) __________________________________________________________________（人们击鼓庆祝传统节日。） 二、情绪感受： 1. ___________ (担心的，忧虑的；不安的) __________________________________________________________________（我第一次出国留学时感到忐忑不安。） 2. ___________ (使人难堪的) __________________________________________________________________（在公共场合犯错会让人很尴尬。） 3. ___________ (眼泪) __________________________________________________________________（她想家时热泪盈眶。） 三、性格态度： 1. ___________ (直接的；坦率的) __________________________________________________________________（西方人交流通常十分坦率。） 2. ___________ (思想开明的) __________________________________________________________________（我们应当以开放的心态对待不同文化。） 3. ___________ (强烈地；坚决地) __________________________________________________________________（他坚决支持文化交流活动。） 4. ___________ (尊重；尊敬) __________________________________________________________________（我们必须尊重他国的风俗习惯。） 四、国家人文&地理： 1. ___________ (文明) __________________________________________________________________（中华文明拥有数千年历史。） 2. ___________ (民族的；种族的) __________________________________________________________________（我国总共有56个民族。） 3. ___________ (反映；显示；反射) __________________________________________________________________（传统食物反映当地的文化特色。） 4. ___________ (港口；港口城市) __________________________________________________________________（上海是中国重要的港口城市。） 5. ___________ (人口) __________________________________________________________________（中国拥有世界最多的人口。） 6. ___________ (四分之一；一刻钟) __________________________________________________________________（世界上四分之一的人口说英语。） 7. ___________ (海岸；海滨) __________________________________________________________________（许多美丽的城市坐落于海边。） 8. ___________ (岛屿) __________________________________________________________________（这座岛屿以自然风光闻名。） 五、风俗社交： 1. ___________ (风俗；习俗) __________________________________________________________________（每个国家都有自己独特的风俗。） 2. ___________ (问候；打招呼) __________________________________________________________________（不同国家的人问候方式各不相同。） 3. ___________ (亲吻) __________________________________________________________________（亲吻是西方国家常见的问候方式。） 4. ___________ (摇动；抖动) __________________________________________________________________（我们遇见陌生人通常会握手。） 5. ___________ (点头) __________________________________________________________________（他点头表示同意我的观点。） 短 语 一、动词短语： 1. ______________________（调整呼吸） __________________________________________________________________（加入文化社团后，她终于变得开朗大方。） 2. ______________________（抛下……；留下……） __________________________________________________________________（她把所有熟悉的事物都留在了家乡。） 3. ______________________（变得开朗大方；不再拘谨） __________________________________________________________________（交到新朋友后，我终于变得开朗大方。） 4. ______________________（表达观点） __________________________________________________________________（西方人通常直率地表达自己的观点。） 5. ______________________（习惯于……） __________________________________________________________________（我已经习惯了这座新城市的生活。） 6. ______________________（爱上……；喜欢上……） __________________________________________________________________（在罗马生活一段时间后，她爱上了这座城市。） 7. ______________________（顺路造访；短暂停留） __________________________________________________________________（我们外出散步时常顺路逛逛小店。） 8. ______________________（欣赏艺术品） __________________________________________________________________（我们可以在当地博物馆欣赏精美的艺术品。） 9. ______________________（占据(空间/面积)） __________________________________________________________________（大湖占据了这座园林的大部分面积。） 10. ______________________（亲眼目睹某物） __________________________________________________________________（亲眼见到外滩令人惊叹。） 11. ______________________（彰显文化；反映文化特色） __________________________________________________________________（当地的美食和风俗能够反映本土文化特色。） 12. ______________________（有共同之处） __________________________________________________________________（中国和新加坡有许多共通的传统习俗。） 13. ______________________（搭配……食用） __________________________________________________________________（印度咖喱通常搭配米饭或扁面包食用。） 二、介词短语： 1. ______________________（大声地） __________________________________________________________________（意大利人说话时常声音很大。） 2. ______________________（在当地广场） __________________________________________________________________（我喜欢和朋友待在当地的广场上。） 3. ______________________（湖对面；湖对岸） __________________________________________________________________（湖的对岸有一座美丽的桥。） 4. ______________________（在……的两边） __________________________________________________________________（桥的两边都有石狮子。） 5. ______________________（亲眼；现实中） __________________________________________________________________（著名的景色亲眼所见更美。） 6. ______________________（共同的；共有的） __________________________________________________________________（这两种文化有许多共通之处。） 三、名词短语： 1. ______________________（一系列舒缓柔和的动作） __________________________________________________________________（太极是一系列舒缓柔和的动作。） 2. ______________________（文化差异） __________________________________________________________________（我们应该多了解文化差异。） 3. ______________________（四分之三的面积） __________________________________________________________________（这片湖泊占据了四分之三的面积。） 4. ______________________（公共交通系统） __________________________________________________________________（上海拥有完善的公共交通系统。） 5. ______________________（古文明） __________________________________________________________________（中国拥有最伟大的古文明之一。） 6. ______________________（民族；族群） __________________________________________________________________（中国有许多不同的民族。） 7. ______________________（东西方融合的特色） __________________________________________________________________ （新加坡以东西方文化融合的特色闻名。） 8. ______________________（最繁忙的港口） __________________________________________________________________（新加坡拥有世界上最繁忙的港口之一。） 9. ______________________（官方语言） __________________________________________________________________（英语是印度的官方语言之一。） 10. ______________________（印度咖喱） __________________________________________________________________（印度咖喱口感辛辣、风味独特。） 11. ______________________（辣酱） __________________________________________________________________（这道菜是用特制辣酱烹制的。） 12. ______________________（毕生难忘的经历） __________________________________________________________________（一场文化之旅真是毕生难忘的经历。） 实 用 交 际 套 句 型 一、文化符号询问与介绍句型： 1. Can you tell me a cultural symbol of your country? 你能告诉我你们国家的一个文化符号吗？ 2. I'd say... has a special place in... 我认为……在……有着特殊的地位。 3. What do you think is a major cultural symbol of China? 你认为中国的主要文化符号是什么？ 4. It's a series of slow, gentle movements. 它是一系列舒缓柔和的动作。 5. It's good for your body and mind. 它有益身心健康。 二、异国生活与适应经历句型： 1. What if you have to move to a place far away from your home? 如果你不得不搬到一个远离家乡的地方该怎么办？ 2. I had to say goodbye to my friends and leave everything safe and familiar behind. 我不得不告别朋友，抛下所有安稳熟悉的一切。 3. I felt very uneasy because I couldn't speak the local language. 我因为不会说当地语言而感到忐忑不安。 4. Once I came out of my shell, there were new challenges. 我变得开朗后，又迎来了新的挑战。 5. This was very different from... 这与……截然不同。 6. I've got used to the life here, and I'm in love with this city. 我已经习惯了这里的生活，并且爱上了这座城市。 7. The place I used to be afraid of now feels like home. 我曾经畏惧的地方，如今已然像家一般温暖。 三、国家/城市介绍句型 1. ...is one of the oldest civilizations in the world. ……是世界上最古老的文明之一。 2. With a history of... and different ethnic groups, ... has developed a rich culture. 拥有……的历史和多个民族，……孕育了丰富的文化。 3. ...is a small island country in... ……是位于……的一个小岛国。 4. The population is mainly made up of... 人口主要由……构成。 5. The two countries have many traditions in common. 这两个国家有许多共同的传统习俗。 6. ...is famous for its mix of cultures. ……以多元文化融合而闻名。 7. ...is located in... ……位于…… 8. With... people living there, it has one of the largest populations in the world. 拥有……人口，它是世界上人口最多的国家之一。 9. ...is well worth a visit. ……非常值得游览。 10. A trip to... will be the experience of a lifetime. 一场……之旅将是毕生难忘的经历。 语法 代词 it 的用法 写作 介绍一个亚洲国家 一、知识点精讲 1. tear /tɪə(r)/ n. 眼泪 【句型】 ①in tears 含泪；流泪 She was in tears when she left her hometown. 她离开家乡时泪流满面。 ②tears of joy 喜悦的泪水 They shed tears of joy after succeeding. 成功后他们流下了喜悦的泪水。 2. movement /ˈmuːvmənt/ n.（身体）活动；动作；移动 【句型】 ①slow and gentle movements 舒缓柔和的动作 Tai chi includes a series of slow and gentle movements. 太极包含一系列舒缓柔和的动作。 ②body movement 肢体动作 Every body movement in tai chi is graceful. 太极的每一个肢体动作都很优雅。 3. uneasy /ʌnˈiːzi/ adj. 不安的；忧虑的；心神不宁的 【句型】 ①feel uneasy 感到不安/不自在 I felt uneasy in a totally new school at first. 起初我在全新的学校里感到很不自在。 ②be uneasy about sth 对某事感到担忧 She is uneasy about her life in a foreign country. 她对自己在国外的生活感到担忧。 4. direct /dəˈrekt; daɪˈrekt/ adj. 直率的；坦率的；直接的 【句型】 ①be direct 性格直率坦率 Italians are very direct and express their ideas openly. 意大利人性格直率，坦诚表达想法。 ②in a direct way 以直接的方式 We should communicate with others in a direct way. 我们应该坦诚地与人交流。 5. strongly /strɒŋli/ adv. 坚决地；强烈地；猛烈地 【句型】 ①express opinions strongly 强烈地表达观点 Local people usually express their opinions strongly. 当地人通常会坚决地表达自己的观点。 ②strongly believe 坚信 I strongly believe cultural communication is important. 我坚信文化交流十分重要。 6. awkward /ˈɔːkwəd/ adj. 尴尬的；别扭的；局促不安的 【句型】 ①feel awkward 感到尴尬 I felt awkward when they spoke loudly. 当他们大声说话时，我感到很尴尬。 ②an awkward situation 尴尬的处境 It is an awkward situation to stay alone in a new place. 独自待在陌生的地方是一种尴尬的处境。 7. open-minded /ˌəʊpən ˈmaɪndɪd/ adj. 思想开明的；豁达的 【句型】 ①be open-minded to different cultures 对不同文化持开放态度 We should be open-minded to different cultures and traditions. 我们要以开放心态对待不同的文化与传统。 ②keep open-minded 保持思想开明 Travelling helps us keep open-minded. 旅行能帮助我们保持心态开明。 8. quarter /ˈkwɔːtə(r)/ n. 四分之一；一刻钟 【句型】 ①three quarters 四分之三 The lake takes up three quarters of the total area. 湖面占据了总面积的四分之三。 ②a quarter past... ……点一刻 We will meet at a quarter past nine. 我们将在九点一刻见面。 9. civilization /ˌsɪvəlaɪˈzeɪʃn/ n. 文明 【句型】 ①ancient civilization 古文明 China has one of the oldest ancient civilizations in the world. 中国拥有世界上最古老的古文明之一。 ②human civilization 人类文明 Cultural heritage is the treasure of human civilization. 文化遗产是人类文明的瑰宝。 10. ethnic /ˈeθnɪk/ adj. 民族的；种族的 【句型】 ①ethnic groups 民族；族群 China has many different ethnic groups and rich cultures. 中国有众多不同民族和丰富的文化。 ②ethnic culture 民族文化 We should protect traditional ethnic culture. 我们应该保护传统民族文化。 11. reflect /rɪˈflekt/ vt. 反映；显示；表明 【句型】 ①reflect the culture 反映文化特色 Local food and customs can reflect the local culture. 当地的美食和风俗能够反映本土文化。 ②reflect one’s life 体现某人的生活 These paintings reflect the life of local people. 这些画作体现了当地人的生活。 12. port /pɔːt/ n. 港口；港口城市 【句型】 ①a busy port 繁忙的港口 Singapore has one of the busiest ports in the world. 新加坡拥有世界上最繁忙的港口之一。 ②port city 港口城市 This port city develops very fast. 这座港口城市发展十分迅速。 13. trade /treɪd/ vt. & vi. 从事贸易；交易 n. 贸易 【句型】 ①trade with... 与……进行贸易 Many countries trade with Singapore every year. 每年都有许多国家和新加坡通商贸易。 ②international trade 国际贸易 International trade promotes cultural communication. 国际贸易促进文化交流。 14. population /ˌpɒpjuˈleɪʃn/ n. 人口；人口数量 【句型】 ①have a large/small population 人口多/少 India has a very large population in the world. 印度是世界上人口众多的国家。 ②be made up of... population 人口由……构成 Singapore’s population is mainly made up of three groups. 新加坡人口主要由三类人群构成。 ③What’s the population of...? ……的人口是多少？ What’s the population of your country? 你们国家的人口是多少？ 15. location /ləʊˈkeɪʃn/ n. 位置；地点 【句型】 ①the location of... ……的位置 The location of India is in South Asia. 印度的地理位置在南亚。 ②a perfect location 绝佳的地理位置 Singapore has a perfect location for international trade. 新加坡拥有适合国际贸易的绝佳地理位置。 16. official /əˈfɪʃl/ adj. 官方的 n. 官员 【句型】 ①official language 官方语言 English and Hindi are both official languages in India. 英语和印地语都是印度的官方语言。 ②official information 官方信息 We should believe official information. 我们应该相信官方信息。 17. spicy /ˈspaɪsi/ adj. 辛辣的；加有香料的 【句型】 ①spicy food 辛辣食物 Indian people like eating spicy food very much. 印度人非常爱吃辛辣食物。 ②spicy sauce 辣酱 The dish is cooked with special spicy sauce. 这道菜是用特制辣酱烹制的。 18. sauce /sɔːs/ n. 调味汁；酱汁 【句型】 ①cook with sauce 用酱汁烹饪 People cook meat and vegetables with special sauce to make curry. 人们用特制酱汁烹饪肉和蔬菜制作咖喱。 ②tomato sauce 番茄酱 I like eating pizza with tomato sauce. 我喜欢吃加番茄酱的披萨。 19. surviving /səˈvaɪvɪŋ/ adj. 幸存的；存留下来的 【句型】 ①surviving artworks 留存下来的艺术品 These are the best surviving examples of ancient Indian art. 这些是留存下来最优质的古印度艺术范本。 ②surviving buildings 现存建筑 The temple is one of the oldest surviving buildings. 这座寺庙是现存最古老的建筑之一。 20. come out of one's shell 放大胆子；不再拘谨；变得开朗 【句型】 come out of one's shell 变得开朗大方 After making new friends, I finally came out of my shell. 交到新朋友后，我终于变得开朗大方。 21. stop by 顺路造访；短暂停留 【句型】 stop by + 地点 顺路造访某地 I often stop by a pizza restaurant after walking. 散步后我常顺路去披萨店坐坐。 22. take up 占据（时间/空间/面积） 【句型】 ①take up + 空间/面积 占据…… The big lake takes up most of the garden’s area. 大湖占据了这座园林的大部分面积。 ②take up time 占用时间 Reading books never takes up too much time. 读书从不会占用太多时间。 二、核心语法精讲 代词it的用法 1. it作人称代词 it指物 Look at the panda, it is so small. Another famous attraction is the great wall. It runs for over 6000 kilometers across northern China. it指不明性别 My aunt will have a baby soon. She hopes it will be a girl. Look at that cute baby over there. It's a boy, isn't it? it指未知 Who was calling you on the phone just now? It was my cousin. it指代前面所提 Riding around the countryside is popular in Guilin, isn't it? Tourists like to take a boat trip along the Lijiang river. It is great fun. 2. it作非人称代词 it指时间 It is 6：30 pm. it指日期 It's January 1st today. It's New Year's day. it指天气 It is raining heavily outside. /In Beijing, it is cold and windy in winter. it指距离 It is two kilometers from my school to my home. 3. it作形式主语或形式宾语 it作形式主语 It's very tiring to climb the steps. It is popular to hire a bicycle and ride around the countryside. It's amazing that there are so many rocks in unusual shapes in the cave. it作形式宾语 Many people find it pleasant to travel around. 4. 考点 It's +adj+ for/of sb to do something. It takes sb sometime to do something. It is said/ reported ...that... ...think /find it +adj.(easy/difficult... )to do something. 三、单元写作清单 1. 话题分析 (1) 写作话题：介绍亚洲国家文化类（异域风土人情、美食、名胜、文明特色） (2) 核心考点 ①介绍国家地理位置、人口、语言等基本概况 ②描述特色美食、经典名胜古迹 ③评价国家文化价值与旅行意义 ④运用位置、人口、特色、评价类句型，贴合中考书面表达评分标准 (3) 写作立意：了解亚洲多元世界文化，尊重不同国家风土人情，感受异域文明的独特魅力。 2. 写作框架 3. 写作素材 (1) 核心高频短语（作文必用） • be located in South East Asia 位于东南亚 • one of the largest populations 人口最多的国家之一 • official language 官方语言 • all over the world 全世界 • a mix of East and West 东西方文化交融 • one of the busiest ports 最繁忙的港口之一 • be well worth a visit 非常值得一游 • the experience of a lifetime 毕生难忘的经历 • ancient Indian art 古印度艺术 (2) 课本高分句型（可直接背诵仿写） • If you are interested in different cultures and delicious food, Singapore is a good choice for you. 如果你对多元文化和美食感兴趣，新加坡会是你的绝佳选择。 • It is a small Asian country with a special mixed culture. 它是一个拥有独特多元文化的亚洲小国。 • Local food and customs reflect its rich and mixed culture. 当地的美食与风俗彰显着丰富的多元文化。 • The country is well worth a visit for its special cultural features. 这个国家独特的文化特色非常值得一游。 • A trip to this Asian country will be the experience of a lifetime. 这场亚洲国度之旅将会是毕生难忘的体验。 (3) 升华加分句型（提分专用） • Singapore is an Asian country with a unique mixed culture. 新加坡是一个拥有独特多元文化的亚洲国家。 • Travelling to different countries helps us understand and respect cultural differences. 跨国旅行帮助我们理解并尊重文化差异。 • Ancient artworks show the wisdom of local people in ancient times. 古老的艺术品展现了古人的智慧。 4. 范文背诵 范文一：基础稳妥版（贴合课本、零失误、适合保底满分） Discover a Beautiful Asian Country — Singapore If you want to enjoy special mixed cultures, tasty food and famous tourist attractions, Singapore is a wonderful choice in Asia. Singapore is a small island country located in South East Asia. Though it is not big, it has a population of about six million. The country’s population is mainly made up of Chinese, Malay and Indian people, which makes its culture quite special. Both English and Chinese are widely spoken here. Singapore is famous for its mixed culture and great trade. It is a typical country where East meets West. Different kinds of local food here can fully reflect its rich cultural features. Besides, Singapore has one of the busiest ports in the world. Every day, lots of ships come here to trade with different countries. Such a special cultural and economic environment makes Singapore very attractive. In a word, Singapore is a charming Asian country full of cultural diversity. A trip to this lovely country will surely be the experience of a lifetime. 范文二：进阶高分版（句式丰富、语法高级、适配中考高分） A Charming Asian Country — Singapore As a wonderful island country in Southeast Asia, Singapore has won great popularity among tourists for its unique mixed culture, delicious food and developed trade. Lying in South East Asia, Singapore covers a small area but has a population of six million. The local people are mainly from Chinese, Malay and Indian ethnic groups, so the country has formed a special culture that mixes Eastern and Western styles. People here can speak both English and Chinese, which greatly helps foreign visitors communicate easily. What makes Singapore most special is its cultural diversity. Various local foods and traditions perfectly show its rich cultural features. In addition, Singapore owns one of the busiest ports around the world. It trades with countless countries every day, making it an important economic and trade center in Asia. Walking in the city, you can feel the perfect combination of Eastern tradition and Western fashion. Generally speaking, Singapore is a charming Asian country with rich cultural traditions and prosperous trade. Exploring this special country not only brings us joy, but also helps us learn to respect cultural differences. It is really an experience of a lifetime worth treasuring. 易错点01 population 用法易错 【助记口诀】 population 表数字，谓语单数要记住； 大小用 large/small，how many 不能用。 【错因辨析】 1. population 表示 “人口数量”，作主语时视作单数，谓语动词用单数形式，不能用 many/much 修饰人口多少，要用large / small。 2. 询问人口数量固定句型：What's the population of…?，不能用 How many / How much 提问。 3. 表示 “…… 人口中的几分之几”：分数 + of the population，此时谓语根据后面所指人可使用复数。 课文原句：With about 1.4 billion people living there, the country has one of the largest populations in the world. 【对点训练】 1. The population of Singapore about six million. A. is B. are C. was 2. — the population of India? —It’s about 1.4 billion. A. How many is B. What is C. How much is 3. Three quarters of the population in this country Chinese. A. is B. are C. be 易错点02 it 形式宾语结构易漏写 it 【助记口诀】 find /think + it + adj. + to do； it 作形式宾语，真正宾语是 to‑do。 【错因辨析】 课文句型：I find it pleasant to walk around the city. find / think / feel + it + 形容词 + to do sth，it 是形式宾语，不能省略，也不能换成 that；真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式 to do。 易错错句：❌ I find pleasant to walk around the city.（缺少形式宾语 it） 区分：it 指代实物 vs it 形式宾语：形式宾语 it 没有实际含义，不翻译为 “它”。 【对点训练】 1. I find exciting to try different kinds of local food. A. that B. it C. this 2. She thinks interesting to learn about different cultures. A. it B. that C. one 3. Which sentence is correct? A. I find hard to get used to new culture. B. I find it hard to get used to new culture. C. I find that hard get used to new culture. 易错点03 while 引导状语从句省略条件易错 【助记口诀】 while 从句要省略，主从句主语要一样； 省掉主语和 be，剩下分词来上岗。 【错因辨析】 课文原句：You need to control your breathing while practising it. 完整句 = You need to control your breathing while you are practising it. 省略前提：主句和从句主语完全相同，从句含有 be 动词，这时可以把从句的「主语 + be 动词」一起省略，只保留现在分词 doing。 如果主从句主语不一致，绝对不能省略。 ❌错：While reading books, the phone rang.（主语不一致，不能省略） 【对点训练】 1. You should keep calm while with people from different cultures. A. communicate B. communicating C. you communicate 2. Which one can be changed into “While watching the show, we felt happy.”? A. While we are watching the show, we felt happy. B. While we watched the show, we felt happy. C. While we were watching the show, we felt happy. 3. travelling abroad, different customs will surprise you. A. While B. When you C. While you are 易错点04 be made up of /be made of 短语辨析易错 【助记口诀】 be made up of 由…… 组成； be made of 看得出原材料。 【错因辨析】 课文原句：The population is mainly made up of Chinese, Malay and Indian people. be made up of：由…… 组成，强调整体由多个部分构成。 be made of：由…… 制成，成品能够直接看出原材料；课文：It is made of a type of special hard white stone.（泰姬陵由特殊白色硬石头建成，可以看出石头原料） 易混淆：不要把be made up of（组成）和be made of（制作）混用。 【对点训练】 1. Singapore’s population mainly three groups of people. A. is; made of B. is; made up of C. was; made of 2. The Taj Mahal special hard white stone. A. is made of B. is made up of C. was made up of 3. Our class 45 students. A. is made of B. is made up of C. are made up of 一、根据汉语意思写出单词。 1. The beautiful old building stands for the ancient (文明) of this country. 2. Tai chi is a set of slow gentle (运动) of body. 3. Singapore is famous for its mix of different (民族的) cultures. 4. The local (港口) receives thousands of ships every year. 5. This kind of (咖喱菜) is popular both in Asia and Western countries. 二、根据首字母提示写出单词。 1. P ? I couldn’t catch what you said just now. Could you repeat it? 2. She felt u when she first arrived in a foreign country without any friends. 3. Don’t be so d to others; sometimes being gentle is better. 4. The big hall can take up one q of the whole building. 5. This book r the real life of people in Southeast‑Asia. 三、单项选择。 1. When you meet foreigners, you should be open‑minded and respect cultures which are different yours. A. in B. from C. for D. to 2. It took up three quarters of the park area. A. in B. / C. for D. of 3. He was too shy at first. But he and took part in group discussions later. A. came out of his shell B. set the stage for him C. went through it D. looked back on it 4. —I will go to Singapore for my summer holiday. — . Remember to try some local food there. A. That’s right B. Pardon me C. Sounds great D. Never mind 5. It is well‑known Singapore is a mix of East and West cultures. A. what B. that C. whether D. if 6. Many people enjoy by the lake on warm evenings. A. go for a walk B. going for a walk C. go for walks D. to go for a walk 7. India has a population about 1.4 billion people. A. of B. for C. with D. about 8. You need to control your breathing you are practising tai chi. A. though B. while C. until D. since 9. The little boy felt because he couldn’t understand local language. A. direct B. shiny C. awkward D. spicy 10. —What do you think of the documentary about different cultures? — . It teaches me to respect people from different backgrounds. A. It’s awful B. It’s worth watching C. It’s boring D. It’s nothing serious 四、完形填空。 One afternoon I toured an art museum while waiting for my husband to finish a business meeting. I was looking forward to a ___1___ viewing of the wonderful paintings. A young couple were viewing the paintings in front of me and ___2___ with each other without stop. I watched them for a moment and ___3___ the man’s wife was talking all the time. I was surprised to see that the man was so ___4___ and could stand his wife’s words, but I still moved on. I met them several times when I moved ___5___ the different rooms of art. Each time I heard she continued talking about the paintings, I moved away ___6___ . I was buying some ___7___ in the museum shop when the couple came near to the gate. ___8___ they left, the man reached into his pocket and pulled out something brown. He turned it into a long ___9___ and then tapped (轻敲) his way into the coatroom to get his wife’s jacket. “He’s a brave man,” a clerk beside me said. “Most of us would ___10___ if we became blind at such a young age. During his treatment, he made a ___11___ that his life wouldn’t change. So, as before, he and his wife come in ___12___ there’s a new art show in the museum. “But how does he get out of the art?” I asked. “He can’t see.” “Can’t see? You’re ___13___ . He sees a lot, more than you or I do,” the clerk said. “His wife describes each painting, so he can see it in his head.” I learned ___14___ about patience, courage and love that day. I saw the patience of a young wife describing paintings to a person who was blind and the courage of a husband who would not allow blindness to make his life different. And I saw the love ___15___ by two people as I watched this couple walk away holding each other’s hands. 1. A. active B. quiet C. simple D. free 2. A. chatting B. playing C. fighting D. helping 3. A. studied B. learned C. noticed D. believed 4. A. patient B. careful C. gentle D. polite 5. A. for B. across C. with D. through 6. A. quickly B. slowly C. happily D. sadly 7. A. fruits B. gifts C. clothes D. newspapers 8. A. While B. After C. Before D. When 9. A. stick B. rope C. key D. knife 10. A. make up B. give up C. tidy up D. stay up 11. A. promise B. difference C. mistake D. speech 12. A. whatever B. whenever C. whoever D. wherever 13. A. curious B. crazy C. wrong D. silly 14. A. nothing B. anything C. everything D. something 15. A. shared B. lost C. forgot D. found 五、阅读理解。 A Lauren Child is doing an important task. She is the author who wins the prize for children’s books. She also draws pictures of many successful books. Now she wants to get more young people doing…well, nothing. It’s a part of her new project to encourage children to put down their mobile phones, look into space and start thinking more creatively. Whether it’s making sculptures out of toast, creating a mini world or building a 3D space of your own, there are lots of suggestions in Child’s new series of books to give you inspirations and encouragement. “Everything is creative thinking; you can’t invent something or solve a problem without that time to think,” she tells The Week Junior. “It means you’re being asked to spend some time thinking about things.” Part of the reason why young people aren’t spending enough time thinking creatively, says Child, is phone use. It’s not that she is against phones—it’s just that you are too concentrated on it and you need to know what it is more important. “Sometimes you can be in a room with someone else and they’re so concentrated in using mobile phones that you don’t think they’re really there with you,” she says. “It’s so easy to lose attention to a phone, even at mealtimes, but you’re not living in the now. You’re not communicating with your immediate world.” Now Child wants to challenge herself to take just 15 minutes to put phone aside and be bored, and then try to get out of that boring feeling. “When I’m walking along the street try to look up more to notice buildings I’ve never seen before. Or I’ll look down at the street to see what someone has dropped or thrown away. If I see a pair of gloves, I’ll think, who left them there? This is where a story can start.” 1. Who is Lauren Child? A She is a scientist of star-watching. B. She is a writer of children’s books. C. She is a producer of mobile phones. D. She is a teacher of creative thinking. 2. What does Lauren Child say about mobile phones? A. Mobile phones are very useful and should be encouraged. B. Mobiles phones are widely used and very helpful in daily life. C. Mobile phones are taking too much time and attention of children. D. Mobile phones are very inspirational to creative thinking of children. 3. Lauren Child is challenging herself __________. A. to look up to buildings and learn their structures B. to create new stories for children to enjoy C. to help more people find what they have lost D. to stop using phone and enjoy doing nothing 4. What would Lauren Child say to children? A. It’s time to put down your phones. B. Come and join me in sky watching. C. Don’t be afraid of challenges. D. Life is risky and go give a try. B Scrooge was a cold, greedy, mean, old man! The cold within him froze his old face. It made his eyes red and his thin lips blue, and it spoke out in his unkind voice. A frost(霜) covered his head, his eyebrows, and his pointed chin. His office is quite cold even at Christmas. Nobody ever stopped Scrooge in the street to say. “My dear Scrooge. How are you?” No beggars asked him for a penny. No children asked him. “What time is it?” No man or woman ever asked Scrooge for directions. And even dogs ran away from him. Once upon a time, on Christmas Eve, old Scrooge sat in his office. It was a cold and foggy day. He could hear the people outside, stamping their feet on the pavement to warm themselves. It was only three o’clock, but it was already quite dark. The candles were flickering（闪烁）in the windows of the neighbouring offices. The fog poured in through every keyhole. It was so thick that you could hardly see the houses on the other side of the street. The door of Scrooge’s office was open so that he could keep his eye on his clerk（职员）, Bob Cratchit. Bob sat in a cold, dark and small room. He was writing letters. Scrooge had a very small fire, but Bob’s fire was even smaller. Bob couldn’t add any more coal because Scrooge kept the coal box in his room. So Bob put on his winter woolen scarf and tried to warm himself by the candle. “Merry Christmas, Uncle, and God bless you!” cried a happy voice. It was Scrooge’s nephew（侄子）Fred. “Bah!” said Scrooge. “Humbug（谎话）!” “Christmas is a humbug, Uncle!” said Scrooge’s nephew. “You don’t mean that, I’m sure.” “I do,” said Scrooge. “Merry Christmas! What reason have you got to be happy? You’re poor to be happy.” “Oh,” said his nephew, laughing. “What reason have you got to be sad? You’re rich enough. Don’t be angry. Uncle!” said his nephew. “What else can I be?” replied Scrooge. “I live in a world of fools. Merry Christmas! What’s Christmas time to you? It’s a time for paying bills without money. It’s a time for finding yourself a year older, but no richer,” said Scrooge. —Taken from A Christmas Carol 5．What does the underlined word “It” refer to in the third paragraph? A．The weather. B．The window. C．The fog. D．The candle. 6．Why did Bob put on his winter woolen scarf and try to warm himself by the candle? A．Because the candle could keep him warm enough. B．Because he lost all his money. C．Because the door of Scrooge’s office was open. D．Because Scrooge wasn’t willing to give him coal to warm the room. 7．What can we know from the conversations between Scrooge and his nephew? A．Scrooge cared for nothing but money. B．Scrooge didn’t care about his nephew at all. C．Scrooge’s nephew didn’t feel happy on Christmas Eve. D．Scrooge’s nephew didn’t understand why Scrooge felt so happy on Christmas Eve. 8．What can we infer from the passage? A．Scrooge was kind and generous. B．Scrooge’s clerks were stupid. C．Scrooge’s nephew was poor but happy. D．Scrooge didn’t have any money. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $