Unit 2 How to solve problems（知识清单）英语冀教版三起六年级上册（新教材）

该小学英语单元知识清单系统梳理了冀教版三起六年级上册“如何解决问题”单元内容，涵盖语音、词汇、短语、句型及核心语法五大知识范畴，为学生搭建了从基础语音规则到语法应用的递进式学习支架。 清单通过“考点分类+易错提醒+分层练习”构建知识体系，如将“一般过去时”“ask...for help”等核心语法标注为重点考点，配有“did后动词用原形”等易错提示和“大显身手”分层练习题，培养学生语言能力和学习能力。特别设计动词过去式不规则变化表，助力不同基础学生高效记忆，教师可据此精准教学，提升课堂实效。

Unit 2 How to solve problems 单元知识清单 冀教版三起六年级上册（新教材）　|　班级：________　　姓名：________ 知识归纳 语音学习 字母组合 wh 在单词中读 /w/： what　什么　　white　白色的　　wheat　小麦 why　为什么　　whether　是否 必记单词 Mrs　太太，夫人　　before　在……前　　find　找到；发现（过去式 found） take off　摘掉；脱下（衣服）　　off　（用以表示除去了某物）　　why　为什么　　cry　哭 常考短语 do a good job　做得好　　be afraid of making mistakes　害怕犯错 ask...for help　向……求助　　practice speaking English　练习说英语 watch English films　看英语电影　　PE class　体育课 the Lost and Found　失物招领处　　pick up　捡起　　take off　摘掉；脱下 a bag of wheat　一袋小麦　　cross the river　过河　　think about　思考；考虑 ask for help　求助　　have a try　试一试　　make mistakes　犯错 必会句型 — How did you solve the problem?　你是怎么解决这个问题的？— I asked Jenny for help.　我向珍妮求助。 — I was afraid of making mistakes.　我过去害怕犯错。 — I can speak English much better now.　我现在英语说得好了很多。 — When did you take off your cap?　你什么时候摘下帽子的？ — What should I do?　我该怎么办？— You should be more careful!　你应该更细心！ — The little horse wondered if he could cross the river safely.　小马想知道他能否安全过河。 — Don't worry. Just think about it and try to solve it!　别担心。想一想，努力解决它！ 核心语法 1. How did you solve the problem?：一般过去时询问解决问题的方法 2. ask...for help / be afraid of doing：求助与害怕做某事的表达 3. What should I do? / You should...：should 提建议 4. 动词过去式 lost / found / took / wore：不规则变化 5. You could... / could：委婉提出建议 知识点拨 考点 01　一般过去时：How did you solve the problem? — How did you solve the problem? — I asked Jenny for help.　——你是怎么解决这个问题的？——我向珍妮求助。 ▸ How did + 主语 + 动词原形...? 用来询问过去怎么解决的问题。did 是助动词，后面的动词用原形；回答用一般过去时。 一、基本问答 问句：How did you solve the problem? 答句：I + 动词过去式 + 其他。 I practiced speaking English online.　我在网上练习说英语。 二、did 后动词用原形 did 已经表示过去，后面的动词用原形：How did you solve（✓），不能说 How did you solved（✗）。 — How did she find her cap? — She found it in the Lost and Found.　——她怎么找到帽子的？——她在失物招领处找到的。 三、其他疑问词 同样结构还可以用 When / What 提问：When did you take off your cap? / What did you do? When did you take off your cap?　你什么时候摘下帽子的？ ⚠ 易错提醒：did 后面的动词必须用原形。“你怎么解决这个问题的”要说 How did you solve the problem（✓），不能说 How did you solved the problem（✗）。 ✎ 大显身手 一、单项选择。 （　　）1. — How did you solve the problem? — I ______ Jenny for help. A. ask　　B. asked　　C. asks （　　）2. — How did she find her cap? — She ______ it in the Lost and Found. A. finds　　B. find　　C. found （　　）3. — When did you ______ off your cap? — Before PE class. A. take　　B. took　　C. takes （　　）4. — What did the little horse ______ to the mill? — A bag of wheat. A. carried　　B. carry　　C. carries （　　）5. — ______ did the little horse stop on the way? — Because he was not sure about the river. A. What　　B. When　　C. Why 二、用所给词的适当形式填空。 1. She ______ (ask) her teacher for help yesterday. 2. I ______ (practice) speaking English online last month. 3. He ______ (lose) his cap, but he found it later. 4. Lynn ______ (take) off her cap before she ran. 5. The little horse ______ (cross) the river at last. 考点 02　ask...for help 与 be afraid of doing I asked Jenny for help.　我向珍妮求助。 ▸ ask sb. for help 意为“向某人求助”；be afraid of doing sth. 意为“害怕做某事”，of 后面的动词要用 -ing 形式。 一、ask sb. for help 向某人求助 ask + 人 + for help，也可以说 ask for help。 Ask your parents, teachers or friends for help.　向你的父母、老师或朋友求助。 二、be afraid of doing sth. 害怕做某事 of 是介词，后面动词用 -ing 形式。 I was afraid of making mistakes.　我过去害怕犯错。 三、介词后动词用 -ing 类似的还有 be good at doing、like doing 等，介词或 like 后接动词 -ing 形式。 He didn't like to answer questions in class.　他过去不喜欢在课堂上回答问题。 ⚠ 易错提醒：of 后面的动词要用 -ing 形式。“害怕犯错”要说 be afraid of making mistakes（✓），不能说 be afraid of make mistakes（✗）。 ✎ 大显身手 一、选词填空。（for / of / at） 1. You can ask your teacher ______ help. 2. She was afraid ______ making mistakes. 3. Let's ask Mary ______ help. She has some markers. 4. Don't be afraid ______ asking questions in class. 5. He is good ______ English now. 二、单项选择。 （　　）1. I was afraid of ______ mistakes. A. make　　B. making　　C. made （　　）2. If you have a problem, you can ______. A. ask for help　　B. ask help　　C. asking for help （　　）3. We often talk in English and ______ English films together. A. watch　　B. watches　　C. watching （　　）4. Practicing speaking English ______ a lot. A. help　　B. helps　　C. helping （　　）5. Everyone ______ mistakes. Just try again! A. make　　B. makes　　C. making 考点 03　should 提建议：What should I do? — What should I do? — You should be more careful!　——我该怎么办？——你应该更细心！ ▸ What should I do? 用来征求建议；回答用 You should + 动词原形。should 后面的动词用原形，没有人称和数的变化。 一、基本问答 问句：What should I do? 答句：You should + 动词原形。 You should think carefully.　你应该认真思考。 二、should not 表建议不做某事 should not 缩写为 shouldn't，表示“不应该”。 You shouldn't worry too much.　你不应该太担心。 三、could 委婉提建议 You could... 语气比 should 更委婉，也是提建议的常用句式。 You could read English picture books.　你可以读英语绘本。 ⚠ 易错提醒：should 后面的动词用原形。“你应该更细心”要说 You should be more careful（✓），不能说 You should to be more careful（✗）。 ✎ 大显身手 一、单项选择。 （　　）1. — What should I ______? — You should ask your teacher for help. A. do　　B. did　　C. doing （　　）2. You ______ be more careful next time. A. should　　B. should to　　C. shoulding （　　）3. You ______ worry. Let's find some ways to help you. A. don't should　　B. shouldn't　　C. not should （　　）4. You could ______ English picture books. A. reads　　B. reading　　C. read （　　）5. Don't worry! Just ______ about it and try to solve it. A. think　　B. thinks　　C. thinking 二、根据中文提示完成句子。 1. — ______ ______ I do?（我该怎么办？） — You ______ read English picture books.（你应该读英语绘本。） 2. You ______ be more careful!（你应该更细心！） 考点 04　动词过去式：lost / found / took / wore I wore it before PE class, but now I can't find it.　我上体育课前戴着它，但现在找不到了。 ▸ 本单元重点不规则过去式：lose→lost（丢失）、find→found（找到）、take→took（拿；摘）、wear→wore（戴；穿）。 一、本单元核心过去式 lose→lost，find→found，take→took，wear→wore。 I lost my caps in school. And I found them in the Lost and Found.　我把帽子丢在学校了。我在失物招领处找到了它们。 二、过去式句型运用 肯定句：主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他。 Lynn took off her cap and left it on the bench.　琳恩摘下帽子，把它落在了长椅上。 三、否定式 didn't + 原形 过去时的否定句用 didn't + 动词原形。 But she didn't see it there later.　但后来她没在那里看到它。 ⚠ 易错提醒：find 的过去式是 found（✓），不能说 finded（✗）；否定句要用 didn't see（✓），不能说 didn't saw（✗）。 ✎ 大显身手 一、写出下列动词的过去式。 1. lose ________　　2. find ________　　3. take ________ 4. wear ________　　5. ask ________ 二、用所给词的适当形式填空。 1. Lynn ______ (wear) her cap before PE class. 2. She ______ (lose) her cap again! 3. I ______ (not see) it there later. 4. Someone ______ (pick) it up and took it to the Lost and Found. 5. The little horse ______ (go) back and asked his mother. 考点 05　could 提建议与情态动词 can/could You could read English picture books.　你可以读英语绘本。 ▸ could 是 can 的过去式，也可以用来委婉地提出建议。Could you...? 是礼貌的请求句型。can 表示能够，后接动词原形。 一、You could... 提建议 You could + 动词原形，表示“你可以……”，语气委婉。 You could watch English films, too.　你也可以看英语电影。 二、Could you...? 礼貌请求 Could you + 动词原形...? 表示礼貌的请求，回答用 Sure. / Of course. Could you lend us some markers?　你能借给我们一些水彩笔吗？ 三、can 表示能力 can + 动词原形，表示能够做某事。 I can speak English much better now.　我现在英语说得好了很多。 ⚠ 易错提醒：could 后面的动词用原形。“你能借给我们一些水彩笔吗”要说 Could you lend us some markers（✓），不能说 Could you to lend us some markers（✗）。 ✎ 大显身手 一、单项选择。 （　　）1. You could ______ English songs to learn new words. A. listening to　　B. listens to　　C. listen to （　　）2. — ______ you lend us some markers? — Sure. A. Could　　B. Are　　C. Do （　　）3. I can ______ English much better now. A. speak　　B. speaks　　C. speaking （　　）4. — Could I cross the river? — Yes, you ______. The water is not deep. A. can't　　B. can　　C. don't （　　）5. You can learn a lot of new words ______ this way. A. on　　B. at　　C. / 二、连词成句。（注意大小写和标点） 1. could, you, read, English picture books（.） ____________________________________________________________ 2. can, I, speak, English, better, much, now（.） ____________________________________________________________ 3. could, lend, you, us, some markers（?） ____________________________________________________________ 4. you, could, watch, English films, too（.） ____________________________________________________________ 5. can, learn, new words, you, a lot of（.） ____________________________________________________________ 参考答案 考点 01 一、1. B　2. C　3. A　4. B　5. C 二、1. asked　2. practiced　3. lost　4. took　5. crossed 考点 02 一、1. for　2. of　3. for　4. of　5. at 二、1. B　2. A　3. A　4. B　5. B 考点 03 一、1. A　2. A　3. B　4. C　5. A 二、1. What should; should　2. should 考点 04 一、1. lost　2. found　3. took　4. wore　5. asked 二、1. wore　2. lost　3. didn't see　4. picked　5. went 考点 05 一、1. C　2. A　3. A　4. B　5. C 二、1. You could read English picture books. 2. I can speak English much better now. 3. Could you lend us some markers? 4. You could watch English films, too. 5. You can learn a lot of new words. 第 页，共 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $