Unit 2 Section A 1a-1d（课时分层练）英语新教材人教版九年级上册

**基本信息** 分层清晰，从词汇句型到语篇应用梯度递进，衔接中考，培养语言能力与思维品质。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |A组|基础词汇与句型|单词拼写（物理学家等术语）、完成句子（放弃做某事等句型）巩固基础| |B组|语篇综合应用|补全对话（简·古道尔研究）、完形填空（袁隆平事迹）提升语用能力| |C组|深度阅读分析|阅读单选（杨振宁、阿基米德生平）考查推理与评价，发展思维品质| |拓展|中考真题演练|补全对话（2026广东中考题）链接中考，培养应试能力|

Unit 2 Section A 1a-1d A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 拓展 链接中考 一、单词拼写 1. Yang Zhenning, a world-famous p　　　　　　　　 (物理学家) was born in Hefei, Anhui. 2. My uncle is a 　　　　　　　　 (chemistry) who helps create new medicines for a living. 3. Sima Qian was a great 　　　　　　　　 (history) in Chinese history. 4. The 　　　　　　　　 (discover) of the Terracotta Army surprised the whole world. 二、完成句子 1. 当升入初三后，我们开始学习化学。 After moving up to Grade Nine, we started learning 　　　　　　　　. 2. 我知道这个节日是在农历九月初九。 I know the festival falls on the ninth day of the ninth month in the lunar 　　　　　　　　. 3. 由于疾病，他不得不放弃打网球。 He had to 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 playing tennis because of his illness. 4. 我们正在做调查关于环境污染的问题。 We are　　　　　　　　 some 　　　　　　　　　 about the pollution. 5. 人人都应该在阻止病毒的传播中发挥作用。(part) Everyone should 　　　　　　　　 in preventing the spread of the virus. 6. 我们钦佩那些为人类做出巨大贡献的人。 We 　　　　　　　　 those who have made great contributions 　　　　　　　　 mankind. 7. 居里夫人在物理、化学领域有诸多重大发现。 Marie Curie made many 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 in physics and chemistry. 8. 我知道他是那种永不言弃的人。 I know he is the kind of person 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　. 三、单项选择 1. Many people in Africa still suffer from ________ because of the lack of food. A. disease B. chemistry C. discovery D. hunger 2. It is interesting for students ________ part in the school’s Arts and Sports Festival. A. takes B. taking C. to take D. will take 3. —She used to have long straight hair, but now she’s got short curly hair. —________! A. Thanks B. Good idea C. Don’t worry D. People sure change 4. —________ —Not bad, but I have to do a lot of homework every day. A. How’s it going with your studies? B. How is your work? C. What about your class? D. What do you have to do? 5. —I really ________ Alan Turing. He is known as the father of computer science. —Me too. His great ideas changed the world a lot. A. remind B. admire C. inspire D. doubt 6. —When is our school sports meeting? —Let me check the ________ on the wall. It will be held next Friday. A. calendar B. notebook C. textbook D. dictionary 一、补全对话 五、根据对话内容，选择恰当的选项补全对话。 Ms Gao: Hi Li Hua. 　　　1　　　 Li Hua: I admire Jane Goodall most, Ms Gao. Have you heard of her? Ms Gao: Of course. 　　　2　　　 When did she start her study there? Li Hua: She went to Africa at a young age. Ms Gao: It must have been really tough for a young woman back then, right? Li Hua: Absolutely. 　　　3　　　 Ms Gao: What important discoveries did she make? Li Hua: 　　　4　　　 Ms Gao: That is amazing. Does she do more work now? Li Hua: Yes. 　　　5　　　 Ms Gao: No wonder she is respected globally. A. She proved that chimpanzees can make and use tools. B. Who is the person you admire most? C. She runs organizations to call on people to protect wild animals. D. She faced hunger, loneliness and unknown dangers every day, but she never gave up her research. E. She is world-famous for her research on wild chimpanzees in Africa. 二、选词填空 inspiring people, admire sb., a famous historian, a great chemist, a popular physicist, reduce hunger, do research in chemistry, drop out of school, Chinese calendar, make important discoveries, win Nobel Prizes 1. We can learn strong spirit from those 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 around us. 2. I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 for his never-give-up spirit in scientific study. 3. My grandpa is 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 and he often tells us stories of ancient China. 4. Madame Curie is 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 who changed the development of science. 5. Michael Faraday is 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 loved by people all over the world. 6. Yuan Longping’s super hybrid rice helps 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 in many countries. 7. If you want to be a chemist, you need to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 for many years. 8. Never 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 because of small difficulties in your study. 9. Sima Qian made great contributions to sorting out the old 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 10. Hard-working scientists will 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 in their fields step by step. 11. Only a few top scientists can 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 every year. 三、完形填空 Yuan Longping was an excellent scientist. He passed away at the age of 91 in Hunan. He was called the “Father of Hybrid Rice (杂交水稻）” and he helped 　　　　1　　　　 people around the world. He was so great that a lot of people 　　　　2　　　　 him. In the last 　　　　3　　　　, China faced a serious food problem. Yuan was 　　　　4　　　　 to find a way to solve the problem. He became a (n) 　　　　5　　　　 in studying hybrid rice. At that time, many scientists didn’t think hybrid rice was worth 　　　　6　　　　. But Yuan and his team worked on it every day. 　　　　7　　　　, in 1973, they succeeded in growing a new kind of hybrid rice. This kind of rice was strong enough to fight 　　　　8　　　　. This meant farmers needn’t use much pesticide (农药). Its output (产量) was much 　　　　9　　　　 than that of common rice. Yuan still worked on rice when he was very old. In his later years, he even hoped to 　　　　10　　　　 “sea rice” that could grow in salt water! 1. A. provide B. attract C. feed D. call 2. A. reminded B. forgot C. punished D. admired 3. A. century B. week C. month D. year 4. A. determined B. interested C. hopeful D. angry 5. A. parent B. pioneer C. audience D. adult 6. A. checking B. studying C. eating D. borrowing 7. A. Sadly B. Greatly C. Finally D. Nicely 8. A. weather B. disease C. nature D. flood 9. A. higher B. taller C. slower D. less 10. A. test B. introduce C. develop D. discover 一、阅读单选 A篇 Yang Zhenning is famous as one of the most influential physicists of the 21st century. Born in 1922 in China, Yang Zhenning grew up during a time of social change and national uncertainty. These early experiences shaped not only his career path, but also his understanding of the role that science plays in society. In the 1940s, Yang studied physics at Southwest Associated University, one of the most important universities in China at that time. It provided him with a good base in physics. Later, he went to the USA to continue his studies. There, he worked very hard and made great achievements in physics. In 1957, Yang Zhenning won the Nobel Prize in Physics together with another physicist, Tsung-Dao Lee. They received the prize for their discovery about parity violation (宇称不守恒), which changed people’s understanding of the laws of nature. At that time, Yang was only 35 years old, making him one of the youngest Nobel winners in Physics. Although Yang lived and worked in the USA for many years, he always cared deeply about China. He paid close attention to the development of science education in his home country. In his later years, Yang returned to China and worked at Tsinghua University. He hoped to help young Chinese students learn more about science and think independently (独立地). Instead of asking students to simply remember facts, he encouraged them to question and examine (检验) what’s already accepted. He suggested that the value of knowledge lies not only in the discovery itself, but also in how it is shared and used. Yang Zhenning is gone, yet he’ll be remembered forever—not only for his science knowledge, but for his contributions (贡献) to education and his strong sense of duty to society. 1. What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A. Teaching at Tsinghua University. B. Going to the USA to continue his studies. C. Growing up in a hard social environment. D. Studying at Southwest Associated University. 2. What did Yang Zhenning encourage his students to do? A. To get the Nobel Prize at a young age. B. To remember important science facts. C. To discover the true value of knowledge. D. To go to another country for further study. 3. What is the passage mainly about? A. Yang’s discovery of the parity violation. B. Yang’s effort in science education in China. C. Yang’s life journey and great achievements. D. Yang’s winning of the Nobel Prize in Physics. B篇 Do you know who was described as “superhuman” by the great inventor and astronomer Galileo? It was Archimedes who solved the king’s problem of the golden crown while taking a bath. He was perhaps one of the most outstanding scientists in the world. He was a mathematician, physicist, engineer, weapon designer and inventor. He was wise in philosophy, active in mathematics and physics. He was also recognized as one of the finest engineers of his time. He was born on the island of Sicily in the city of Syracuse around the year 287 BC and died in 212 BC. Archimedes showed great love for mathematics. He made many discoveries. For example, he determined the approximate value of pi. He invented and developed methods similar to calculus (微积分) and used them to find the area of a circle and an accurate estimation (估计值) of the value of pi. Today, he is regarded as one of the greatest mathematicians in history. Archimedes used his mathematical skills and talents to create useful inventions. One of his most famous inventions is called the Archimedes’ Screw. It was a device that could lift water to higher levels. One of its first uses was to pump water out of a leaking ship. It is still used today in some places to move water from low places to high places. This invention influenced Leonardo da Vinci as he worked on developing the functioning flying machine. Can you imagine counting the sand in the universe? Archimedes once tried to calculate the number of sand grains in the universe. Obviously, it was impossible, but it goes to show that he was too smart. His intellectual curiosity and achievements in mathematics, in general, would go on to encourage other mathematicians as well. Most of his achievements were by far ahead of his time. Archimedes was indeed a genius. 1. According to paragraph 1, which of the following statements is TRUE? A. He was mainly known as a philosopher and a physicist. B. He was only famous for his work in mathematics. C. He was the best engineer in all of human history. D. He was skilled in multiple scientific and engineering fields. 2. What’s the main idea of paragraph 2? A. A brief introduction to Archimedes. B. Archimedes’ discoveries in maths. C. The great inventions of Archimedes. D. Archimedes’ study on the universe. 3. What does the underlined word “it” refer to in paragraph 3? A. A leaking ship. B. Water from low places. C. The Archimedes’ Screw. D. The functioning flying machine. 4. Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the article? A. Archimedes was a man with many talents and died at the age of 75. B. The Archimedes’ Screw helped lift water from lower places to higher places. C. Leonardo da Vinci and Archimedes developed the functioning flying machine. D. Archimedes’ achievements will continue to encourage generations of mathematicians. 5. What might be the best title for the article? A. Archimedes and Inventions B. Archimedes and Mathematics C. The hard work of Archimedes D. The Life Experience of Archimedes 一、补全对话 （来源:2026年广东省中考英语试题）请通读下面的对话，根据对话内容，从选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将对应选项涂黑。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Caroline: Dr. Chen, what is the best part of your job as a space scientist? Dr. Chen: 　　　　1　　　　 There is so much to research. Caroline: What made you study space in the first place? Dr. Chen: I loved watching the sky when I was little. 　　　　2　　　　 Caroline: Did you learn a lot of physics? Dr. Chen: Sure. I’m still learning. Caroline: 　　　　3　　　　 Dr. Chen: It depends. For me, it is easy and fun. Caroline: I am also interested in space science. Can you give me some advice? Dr. Chen: Read more. 　　　　4　　　　 And let your curiosity guide you. Caroline: I’ve learned a lot from you today, Dr. Chen. 　　　　5　　　　 Dr. Chen: You’re welcome. A. Thank you very much. B. Keep asking questions. C. Is physics difficult to learn? D. Studying the soil from the moon. E. How long have you worked here? F. I wanted to know what was out there. 1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 Section A 1a-1d A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 拓展 链接中考 一、单词拼写 1. Yang Zhenning, a world-famous p　　　　　　　　 (物理学家) was born in Hefei, Anhui. 【答案】physicist##hysicist 【解析】句意：杨振宁，一位世界著名的物理学家，出生于安徽合肥。根据首字母以及汉语提示可知，physicist“物理学家”，可数名词，前面有不定冠词a修饰，physicist用单数形式。 2. My uncle is a 　　　　　　　　 (chemistry) who helps create new medicines for a living. 【答案】chemist 【解析】句意：我叔叔是一名化学家，以帮助研发新药为生。chemistry“化学”，名词，此处需要表示人的名词，指“化学家”；其对应的表示人的名词为chemist。由a可知用单数形式。 3. Sima Qian was a great 　　　　　　　　 (history) in Chinese history. 【答案】historian 【解析】句意：司马迁是中国历史上一位伟大的历史学家。空前有不定冠词a和形容词great修饰，空处需填入可数名词单数形式作表语；名词history对应指人的名词形式为historian（表示“历史学家”），故填historian。 4. The 　　　　　　　　 (discover) of the Terracotta Army surprised the whole world. 【答案】discovery 【解析】句意：兵马俑的发现震惊了全世界。discover“发现”是动词，由“the...of”结构可知此处应填其名词形式discovery，在本句中是不可数名词。 二、完成句子 1. 当升入初三后，我们开始学习化学。 After moving up to Grade Nine, we started learning 　　　　　　　　. 【答案】chemistry 【解析】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“化学”。chemistry“化学”，是一门学科的名称，为不可数名词。故填chemistry。 2. 我知道这个节日是在农历九月初九。 I know the festival falls on the ninth day of the ninth month in the lunar 　　　　　　　　. 【答案】calendar 【解析】根据中英文对照可知，空缺处应该填的是“日历”，用名词calendar表示，lunar calendar是固定搭配，意为“农历”，故填calendar。 3. 由于疾病，他不得不放弃打网球。 He had to 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 playing tennis because of his illness. 【答案】① give    ② up 【解析】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺“放弃”，“放弃”对应的英文短语是“give up”，“had to”后接动词原形。故填give；up。 4. 我们正在做调查关于环境污染的问题。 We are　　　　　　　　 some 　　　　　　　　　 about the pollution. 【答案】① doing    ② research 【解析】根据语境可知，句子表正在进行的动作，用现在进行时，其谓语动词结构为be+现在分词；do some research意为“做调查”；故填doing；research。 5. 人人都应该在阻止病毒的传播中发挥作用。(part) Everyone should 　　　　　　　　 in preventing the spread of the virus. 【答案】play a part 【解析】空格在情态动词后，填动词原形；根据中文提示，play a part in“起……作用”；故填play a part。 6. 我们钦佩那些为人类做出巨大贡献的人。 We 　　　　　　　　 those who have made great contributions 　　　　　　　　 mankind. 【答案】① admire    ② to 【解析】原句中“钦佩”和“为……做出贡献”是关键词。“钦佩”的英文是admire。句子主语是We，时态为一般现在时，谓语动词用原形。“为……做出贡献”的英文表达是make contributions to...，此处to为介词，后接名词mankind。故填admire；to。 7. 居里夫人在物理、化学领域有诸多重大发现。 Marie Curie made many 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 in physics and chemistry. 【答案】① important##great    ② discoveries 【解析】原句的关键词是“重大发现”，“重大”可用important/great表示，是形容词，作定语；表示“发现”的单词是discovery，是可数名词，由many可知，此处应填其复数形式discoveries。 8. 我知道他是那种永不言弃的人。 I know he is the kind of person 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　. 【答案】① who    ② never    ③ gives    ④ up 【解析】原句中“那种……的人”和“永不言弃”是关键词，the kind of person后接定语从句修饰“person”，需用关系代词“who”；本句描述的是事实，为一般现在时，表示“从不放弃”的短语是never give up，主语是单数，动词改为三单形式。故填who；never；gives；up。 三、单项选择 1. Many people in Africa still suffer from ________ because of the lack of food. A. disease B. chemistry C. discovery D. hunger 【答案】D 【解析】句意：非洲许多人仍然遭受饥饿之苦，因为缺乏食物。 disease疾病；chemistry化学；discovery发现；hunger饥饿。根据“because of the lack of food”可知，缺乏食物会导致人们遭受饥饿，应填hunger。 2. It is interesting for students ________ part in the school’s Arts and Sports Festival. A. takes B. taking C. to take D. will take 【答案】C 【解析】句意：学生们参加学校的艺术体育节是很有趣的。 考查非谓语动词。根据“It is interesting for students…part in the school’s Arts”可知，此处是“It is+形容词 +for sb. to do sth.”句型，意为“对某人来说做某事是……的”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式to do sth.。因此空格处应填动词不定式to take。take part in是固定短语，意为“参加”。故选C。 3. —She used to have long straight hair, but now she’s got short curly hair. —________! A. Thanks B. Good idea C. Don’t worry D. People sure change 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——她过去留着又长又直的头发，但现在她留着短卷发。——人确实会变啊！ 考查情景交际。Thanks谢谢；Good idea好主意；Don’t worry别担心；People sure change人确实会变。根据“She used to have long straight hair, but now she’s got short curly hair.”可知，此句描述了某人的外貌变化（从长直发变为短卷发），因此回应需表达对变化的认同或感叹，“People sure change”符合情景。故选D。 4. —________ —Not bad, but I have to do a lot of homework every day. A. How’s it going with your studies? B. How is your work? C. What about your class? D. What do you have to do? 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——你的学习进展如何？——还不错，但是我每天得做很多作业。 考查情景交际。How’s it going with your studies你的学习进展如何；How is your work你的工作怎么样；What about your class你的班级/课程怎么样；What do you have to do你必须做什么。根据答语“Not bad, but I have to do a lot of homework every day.”（还不错，但是我每天得做很多作业）可知，答语中提到了“作业”，这与学习相关，因此问句应询问学习情况。选项A直接询问学习进展，与答语逻辑一致。故选A。 5. —I really ________ Alan Turing. He is known as the father of computer science. —Me too. His great ideas changed the world a lot. A. remind B. admire C. inspire D. doubt 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——我十分钦佩艾伦·图灵，他被称作计算机科学之父。——我也有同感。他伟大的想法极大地改变了世界。 remind提醒；admire仰慕；inspire激励；doubt怀疑。后文说图灵被称作计算机科学之父，下一句表示认同，说他的想法改变了世界，所以此处应是非常仰慕图灵。 6. —When is our school sports meeting? —Let me check the ________ on the wall. It will be held next Friday. A. calendar B. notebook C. textbook D. dictionary 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——我们的学校运动会是什么时候？——让我检查一下墙上的日历。它将在下周五举行。 calendar日历；notebook笔记本；textbook教科书；dictionary字典。根据问句询问时间以及答语中“on the wall”和“next Friday”可知，查看墙上挂的日历来确定日期符合语境，应填calendar。 一、补全对话 五、根据对话内容，选择恰当的选项补全对话。 Ms Gao: Hi Li Hua. 　　　1　　　 Li Hua: I admire Jane Goodall most, Ms Gao. Have you heard of her? Ms Gao: Of course. 　　　2　　　 When did she start her study there? Li Hua: She went to Africa at a young age. Ms Gao: It must have been really tough for a young woman back then, right? Li Hua: Absolutely. 　　　3　　　 Ms Gao: What important discoveries did she make? Li Hua: 　　　4　　　 Ms Gao: That is amazing. Does she do more work now? Li Hua: Yes. 　　　5　　　 Ms Gao: No wonder she is respected globally. A. She proved that chimpanzees can make and use tools. B. Who is the person you admire most? C. She runs organizations to call on people to protect wild animals. D. She faced hunger, loneliness and unknown dangers every day, but she never gave up her research. E. She is world-famous for her research on wild chimpanzees in Africa. 【答案】1. B     2. E     3. D     4. A     5. C      【解析】本文主要介绍了高老师和李华的对话，两人围绕李华最敬佩的人物——珍・古道尔展开交流，谈论了她在非洲研究黑猩猩的经历、重要发现及如今的保护工作。 (1)题： 李华回答“I admire Jane Goodall most, Ms Gao.”，说明此处高老师询问李华最敬佩的人是谁，B选项“Who is the person you admire most?”符合语境。 (2)题： 高老师说“Of course.”，后句询问“When did she start her study there?”，结合“there”指代非洲，此处应介绍珍・古道尔的成就，E选项“She is world-famous for her research on wild chimpanzees in Africa.”符合逻辑。 (3)题： 高老师感慨“It must have been really tough for a young woman back then, right?”，李华回应“Absolutely.”，此处应具体说明她当时面临的困难，D选项“She faced hunger, loneliness and unknown dangers every day, but she never gave up her research.”符合语境。 (4)题： 高老师询问“What important discoveries did she make?”，此处应回答她的重要发现，A选项“She proved that chimpanzees can make and use tools.”符合问答逻辑。 (5)题： 高老师询问“Does she do more work now?”，李华回答“Yes.”，此处应介绍她如今的工作，C选项“She runs organizations to call on people to protect wild animals.”符合语境。 二、选词填空 inspiring people, admire sb., a famous historian, a great chemist, a popular physicist, reduce hunger, do research in chemistry, drop out of school, Chinese calendar, make important discoveries, win Nobel Prizes 1. We can learn strong spirit from those 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 around us. 2. I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 for his never-give-up spirit in scientific study. 3. My grandpa is 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 and he often tells us stories of ancient China. 4. Madame Curie is 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 who changed the development of science. 5. Michael Faraday is 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 loved by people all over the world. 6. Yuan Longping’s super hybrid rice helps 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 in many countries. 7. If you want to be a chemist, you need to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 for many years. 8. Never 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 because of small difficulties in your study. 9. Sima Qian made great contributions to sorting out the old 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 10. Hard-working scientists will 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 in their fields step by step. 11. Only a few top scientists can 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 every year. 【答案】1. inspiring people     2. admire him     3. a famous historian     4. a great chemist     5. a popular physicist     6. reduce hunger     7. do research in chemistry     8. drop out of school     9. Chinese calendar     10. make important discoveries     11. win Nobel Prizes      【解析】(1)题： 句意：我们可以从身边那些鼓舞人心的人身上学到强大的精神力量。根据“learn strong spirit from”可知此处表示鼓舞人心的人，指示代词“those”后接名词复数，故填入inspiring people。 (2)题： 句意：我钦佩他在科学研究中永不言弃的精神。根据“never-give-up spirit”可知此处表示钦佩某人，对应admire sb.；此处描述的是客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语是“I”，由“his”可知宾语指him，故填入admire him。 (3)题： 句意：我的爷爷是一位著名的历史学家，他经常给我们讲中国古代的故事。根据“tells us stories of ancient China”可知此处表示爷爷是历史学家，故填入a famous historian，作表语。 (4)题： 句意：居里夫人是一位改变了科学发展进程的伟大化学家。根据“changed the development of science”可知此处介绍居里夫人是化学家，故填入a great chemist。 (5)题： 句意：迈克尔·法拉第是一位受到全世界人民喜爱的知名物理学家。根据“Michael Faraday”可知此处介绍法拉第是物理学家，故填入a popular physicist。 (6)题： 句意：袁隆平的超级杂交水稻帮助许多国家减少了饥饿问题。根据“Yuan Longping’s super hybrid rice”可知此处表示减少饥饿问题，且使用搭配help do sth.，意为“帮助做某事”，故填入动词短语原形reduce hunger。 (7)题： 句意：如果你想成为一名化学家，你需要从事多年的化学研究。根据“want to be a chemist”可知此处表示从事化学研究，且使用搭配need to do sth.，意为“需要做某事”，故填入动词短语原形do research in chemistry。 (8)题： 句意：永远不要因为学习上的小困难就辍学。根据“because of small difficulties in your study”可知此处表示辍学，且此处是以“Never”开头的祈使句，故填入动词短语原形drop out of school。 (9)题： 句意：司马迁为整理古老的中国历法做出了巨大贡献。根据“Sima Qian made great contributions to sorting out”可知此处表示古老的中国历法，填入Chinese calendar。 (10)题： 句意：勤奋的科学家们会在自己的领域内逐步取得重大发现。根据“Hard-working scientists”可知此处表示取得重大发现，情态动词“will”后接动词短语原形make important discoveries。 (11)题： 句意：每年只有少数顶尖科学家能够获得诺贝尔奖。根据“a few top scientists”可知此处表示赢得诺贝尔奖，情态动词“can”后接动词短语原形win Nobel Prizes。 三、完形填空 Yuan Longping was an excellent scientist. He passed away at the age of 91 in Hunan. He was called the “Father of Hybrid Rice (杂交水稻）” and he helped 　　　　1　　　　 people around the world. He was so great that a lot of people 　　　　2　　　　 him. In the last 　　　　3　　　　, China faced a serious food problem. Yuan was 　　　　4　　　　 to find a way to solve the problem. He became a (n) 　　　　5　　　　 in studying hybrid rice. At that time, many scientists didn’t think hybrid rice was worth 　　　　6　　　　. But Yuan and his team worked on it every day. 　　　　7　　　　, in 1973, they succeeded in growing a new kind of hybrid rice. This kind of rice was strong enough to fight 　　　　8　　　　. This meant farmers needn’t use much pesticide (农药). Its output (产量) was much 　　　　9　　　　 than that of common rice. Yuan still worked on rice when he was very old. In his later years, he even hoped to 　　　　10　　　　 “sea rice” that could grow in salt water! 1. A. provide B. attract C. feed D. call 2. A. reminded B. forgot C. punished D. admired 3. A. century B. week C. month D. year 4. A. determined B. interested C. hopeful D. angry 5. A. parent B. pioneer C. audience D. adult 6. A. checking B. studying C. eating D. borrowing 7. A. Sadly B. Greatly C. Finally D. Nicely 8. A. weather B. disease C. nature D. flood 9. A. higher B. taller C. slower D. less 10. A. test B. introduce C. develop D. discover 【答案】1. C     2. D     3. A     4. A     5. B     6. B     7. C     8. B     9. A     10. C      【解析】本文讲述杂交水稻之父袁隆平院士的生平事迹，介绍他攻克粮食难题、培育杂交水稻，晚年还致力于研发海水稻，歌颂他伟大的奉献精神。 (1)题： 句意：他被称作“杂交水稻之父”，帮助养活全世界人民。 宾语people人民，feed“养活”符合语境，贴合水稻解决温饱的主题。provide“提供”、attract“吸引”、call “称呼”,均不符合粮食救人的逻辑。 (2)题： 句意：他如此伟大，许多人都敬佩他。 宾语him指代袁隆平，admired“敬佩”符合语境，贴合伟人受人爱戴的场景。reminded“提醒”、forgot“忘记”、punished“惩罚”,均搭配不通。 (3)题： 句意：在上个世纪，中国面临严峻的粮食问题。 后文1973年培育成功杂交水稻，century“世纪”符合时代背景逻辑。week“星期”、month“月份”、year“年份”时间跨度太短，不符合国情历史背景。 (4)题： 句意：袁隆平下定决心寻找解决这个难题的办法。 固定搭配be determined to do sth.下定决心做某事，determined“坚定的”贴合他攻坚克难的形象。interested“感兴趣的”、hopeful“满怀希望的”、angry“生气的”均无法体现克服困难的决心。 (5)题： 句意：他成为研究杂交水稻领域的先驱。 后文当时很多科学家不看好杂交水稻，pioneer“先驱，开拓者”符合语境。parent“父母”、audience“观众”、adult“成年人”均不符合科研人物身份。 (6)题： 句意：那时，许多科学家都认为杂交水稻不值得研究。 固定搭配be worth doing sth.值得做某事，结合全文研究水稻主题，studying“研究”符合语境。checking“检查”、eating“食用”、borrowing“借用”均和科研语境不匹配。 (7)题： 句意：最后，在1973年，他们成功培育出新型杂交水稻。 前文讲述日复一日坚持研究，Finally“最终”体现长久努力后的结果。Sadly“悲伤地”、Greatly“极大地”、Nicely“美好地”无法承接多年钻研终获成功的逻辑。 (8)题： 句意：这种水稻生命力强，能够抵御病害。 后一句说明农民无需大量使用农药，disease“病害”和农药除虫防病对应。weather“天气”、nature“自然”、flood“洪水”均和农药用途无关。 (9)题： 句意：它的产量比普通水稻高得多。 修饰主语output产量，higher“更高的”是产量的常用搭配。taller“（植株）更高”、slower“更慢的”、less“更少的”都不能形容粮食产量。 (10)题： 句意：晚年时，他甚至希望研发可以在咸水中生长的“海水稻”！ 宾语sea rice“海水稻”，develop“研发、培育”贴合科研培育新品种的语境。test“测试”、introduce“引进”、discover“发现”不符合从零培育新品种的含义。 一、阅读单选 A篇 Yang Zhenning is famous as one of the most influential physicists of the 21st century. Born in 1922 in China, Yang Zhenning grew up during a time of social change and national uncertainty. These early experiences shaped not only his career path, but also his understanding of the role that science plays in society. In the 1940s, Yang studied physics at Southwest Associated University, one of the most important universities in China at that time. It provided him with a good base in physics. Later, he went to the USA to continue his studies. There, he worked very hard and made great achievements in physics. In 1957, Yang Zhenning won the Nobel Prize in Physics together with another physicist, Tsung-Dao Lee. They received the prize for their discovery about parity violation (宇称不守恒), which changed people’s understanding of the laws of nature. At that time, Yang was only 35 years old, making him one of the youngest Nobel winners in Physics. Although Yang lived and worked in the USA for many years, he always cared deeply about China. He paid close attention to the development of science education in his home country. In his later years, Yang returned to China and worked at Tsinghua University. He hoped to help young Chinese students learn more about science and think independently (独立地). Instead of asking students to simply remember facts, he encouraged them to question and examine (检验) what’s already accepted. He suggested that the value of knowledge lies not only in the discovery itself, but also in how it is shared and used. Yang Zhenning is gone, yet he’ll be remembered forever—not only for his science knowledge, but for his contributions (贡献) to education and his strong sense of duty to society. 1. What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A. Teaching at Tsinghua University. B. Going to the USA to continue his studies. C. Growing up in a hard social environment. D. Studying at Southwest Associated University. 2. What did Yang Zhenning encourage his students to do? A. To get the Nobel Prize at a young age. B. To remember important science facts. C. To discover the true value of knowledge. D. To go to another country for further study. 3. What is the passage mainly about? A. Yang’s discovery of the parity violation. B. Yang’s effort in science education in China. C. Yang’s life journey and great achievements. D. Yang’s winning of the Nobel Prize in Physics. 【答案】1. D     2. C     3. C      【解析】本文是记叙文。主要讲述了物理学家杨振宁的人生历程、科学成就以及他对中国教育和社会的贡献。 (1)题： 词句猜测题。根据第二段“In the 1940s, Yang studied physics at Southwest Associated University, one of the most important universities in China at that time. It provided him with a good base in physics.”可知，“It”指代的是“Studying at Southwest Associated University”。故选D。 (2)题： 细节理解题。根据第三段“Instead of asking students to simply remember facts, he encouraged them to question and examine what’s already accepted. He suggested that the value of knowledge lies not only in the discovery itself, but also in how it is shared and used.”可知，杨振宁鼓励学生去发现知识的真正价值。故选C。 (3)题： 主旨大意题。文章整体介绍了杨振宁的求学经历、科学成就、回国后的教育贡献等内容，概括了他的人生历程与伟大成就。故选C。 B篇 Do you know who was described as “superhuman” by the great inventor and astronomer Galileo? It was Archimedes who solved the king’s problem of the golden crown while taking a bath. He was perhaps one of the most outstanding scientists in the world. He was a mathematician, physicist, engineer, weapon designer and inventor. He was wise in philosophy, active in mathematics and physics. He was also recognized as one of the finest engineers of his time. He was born on the island of Sicily in the city of Syracuse around the year 287 BC and died in 212 BC. Archimedes showed great love for mathematics. He made many discoveries. For example, he determined the approximate value of pi. He invented and developed methods similar to calculus (微积分) and used them to find the area of a circle and an accurate estimation (估计值) of the value of pi. Today, he is regarded as one of the greatest mathematicians in history. Archimedes used his mathematical skills and talents to create useful inventions. One of his most famous inventions is called the Archimedes’ Screw. It was a device that could lift water to higher levels. One of its first uses was to pump water out of a leaking ship. It is still used today in some places to move water from low places to high places. This invention influenced Leonardo da Vinci as he worked on developing the functioning flying machine. Can you imagine counting the sand in the universe? Archimedes once tried to calculate the number of sand grains in the universe. Obviously, it was impossible, but it goes to show that he was too smart. His intellectual curiosity and achievements in mathematics, in general, would go on to encourage other mathematicians as well. Most of his achievements were by far ahead of his time. Archimedes was indeed a genius. 1. According to paragraph 1, which of the following statements is TRUE? A. He was mainly known as a philosopher and a physicist. B. He was only famous for his work in mathematics. C. He was the best engineer in all of human history. D. He was skilled in multiple scientific and engineering fields. 2. What’s the main idea of paragraph 2? A. A brief introduction to Archimedes. B. Archimedes’ discoveries in maths. C. The great inventions of Archimedes. D. Archimedes’ study on the universe. 3. What does the underlined word “it” refer to in paragraph 3? A. A leaking ship. B. Water from low places. C. The Archimedes’ Screw. D. The functioning flying machine. 4. Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the article? A. Archimedes was a man with many talents and died at the age of 75. B. The Archimedes’ Screw helped lift water from lower places to higher places. C. Leonardo da Vinci and Archimedes developed the functioning flying machine. D. Archimedes’ achievements will continue to encourage generations of mathematicians. 5. What might be the best title for the article? A. Archimedes and Inventions B. Archimedes and Mathematics C. The hard work of Archimedes D. The Life Experience of Archimedes 【答案】1. D     2. B     3. C     4. C     5. B      【解析】本文介绍了古希腊科学家阿基米德的生平、在数学与工程领域的成就，以及他的标志性发明和深远影响。 (1)题： 细节理解题。根据“He was a mathematician, physicist, engineer, weapon designer and inventor. He was wise in philosophy, active in mathematics and physics.”可知，阿基米德精通多个科学与工程领域。故选D。 (2)题： 主旨大意题。根据“Archimedes showed great love for mathematics. He made many discoveries.”可知，整段内容都围绕他在数学上的发现展开。故选B。 (3)题： 词句猜测题。根据“One of his most famous inventions is called the Archimedes’ Screw ... It is still used today in some places to move water from low places to high places.”可知，这里的it指代前文的the Archimedes’ Screw，即阿基米德最出名的一项发明螺旋泵。故选C。 (4)题： 细节理解题。根据“This invention influenced Leonardo da Vinci as he worked on developing the functioning flying machine.”可知， 原文只说阿基米德的发明影响了达・芬奇，并没有说两人合作研发飞行器。故选C。 (5)题： 最佳标题题。通读原文可知，本文主要介绍的是阿基米德在数学领域的一些成就。故选B。 一、补全对话 （来源:2026年广东省中考英语试题）请通读下面的对话，根据对话内容，从选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将对应选项涂黑。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Caroline: Dr. Chen, what is the best part of your job as a space scientist? Dr. Chen: 　　　　1　　　　 There is so much to research. Caroline: What made you study space in the first place? Dr. Chen: I loved watching the sky when I was little. 　　　　2　　　　 Caroline: Did you learn a lot of physics? Dr. Chen: Sure. I’m still learning. Caroline: 　　　　3　　　　 Dr. Chen: It depends. For me, it is easy and fun. Caroline: I am also interested in space science. Can you give me some advice? Dr. Chen: Read more. 　　　　4　　　　 And let your curiosity guide you. Caroline: I’ve learned a lot from you today, Dr. Chen. 　　　　5　　　　 Dr. Chen: You’re welcome. A. Thank you very much. B. Keep asking questions. C. Is physics difficult to learn? D. Studying the soil from the moon. E. How long have you worked here? F. I wanted to know what was out there. 【答案】1. D     2. F     3. C     4. B     5. A      【解析】本文主要介绍了Caroline与Dr. Chen的对话，围绕Dr. Chen作为太空科学家的工作内容、最初研究太空的原因、物理学习难度以及对Caroline学习太空科学的建议展开讨论。 (1)题： 前文Caroline问Dr. Chen工作中最好的部分是什么，后文Dr. Chen说有很多东西可以研究。D选项“Studying the soil from the moon.”意为“研究来自月球的土壤。”，是对前文“最好的部分”的具体回答，先指出具体研究内容，再引出后文“有很多可研究”的补充说明，逻辑衔接通顺。 (2)题： 前文Dr. Chen说小时候喜欢看天空，后文继续解释原因。F选项“I wanted to know what was out there.”意为“我想知道外面有什么。”，是对前文“喜欢看天空”的深层原因说明，先描述行为，再解释内心好奇，承接自然。 (3)题： 前文Caroline问是否学了很多物理，后文Dr. Chen回答“这取决于。对我来说，它简单又有趣。”C选项“Is physics difficult to learn?”意为“物理难学吗？”，是询问难易程度的问句，刚好对应后文Dr. Chen关于“取决于”和“简单有趣”的回答，起到提问过渡的作用。 (4)题： 前文Dr. Chen建议多读书，后文说让好奇心引导你。B选项“Keep asking questions.”意为“不断提问。”，是对“多读书”的并列建议，先提出一个建议，再补充另一个建议，共同构成完整的指导，逻辑紧密连贯。 (5)题： 前文Caroline说今天从Dr. Chen那里学到很多，后文Dr. Chen回答“不客气”。A选项“Thank you very much.”意为“非常感谢。”，是对前文“学到很多”的感谢表达，先表示感谢，再引出对方礼貌回应，起到收尾作用。 1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $