Unit2 Period 1 Welcome to the unit & Reading-【优学精讲】2026-2027学年高中英语选择性必修一同步教参（译林版）

本讲义聚焦高中英语核心词汇（如composer, deserve等）、派生词及短语（如tear apart, rely on），系统梳理阅读技能（主旨与细节理解）、语法点（非谓语、as if/though从句、形容词作状语）及音乐文化相关词汇（如concerto, folk music），构建从基础积累到综合应用的学习支架。 该资料通过词汇网络构建提升语言能力，结合《梁祝》与乡村音乐对比培养文化意识，阅读问题设计与句型分析促进思维品质。课中助力师生互动探究，课后提供练习及写作例句，帮助学生巩固知识、查漏补缺。

composer n．作曲家，作曲者 compose vt.& vi.作曲；组成；撰写；使镇静 [派生词]　composition n．成分；(音乐、艺术、诗歌的)作品 deserve vt.值得，应得 [派生词]　deserving adj.值得的；应得的 tear apart使(关系密切的人)分离，分开 pleasant adj.令人愉快的，可喜的；友好的，和善的 please vt.使高兴；使满意 [派生词]　pleasing adj.令人愉快的 pleased adj.高兴的；满意的 pleasure n．快乐；乐趣 whisper vi.& vt.耳语，低语；私下说；沙沙作响 n．低语；轻柔的声音；传言 dramatic adj.激动人心的，引人注目的；突然的；戏剧的；夸张的 [派生词]　dramatically adv.剧烈地；突然地；戏剧性地；引人注目地 weep vi.& vt.(wept，wept)哭泣，流泪 overcome vt.(overcame，overcome)受到……的极大影响；克服，解决；战胜 sorrow n．悲伤，悲痛；伤心事 [派生词]　sorrowful adj.悲伤的 transform vi.& vt.(使)变形，(使)改观，(使)转化 [派生词]　transformation n．(彻底的)变化；转变；改观；变革 forever adv.永远；长久地；老是 combine vt.& vi.(使)融合；(使)结合，(使)混合；兼做；合并 [派生词]　combination n．结合；联合 rely on依赖，依靠；信任 rely v．信任，信赖；依赖；依靠 [派生词]　reliable adj.可信赖的；可靠的 folk adj.民间的，民俗的　n．民间音乐；人们；各位；家人 throw in奉送，额外赠送 for good measure作为额外增添 rural adj.乡村的，农村的 surroundings n．周围，环境 surround vt.环绕，围绕 [派生词]　surrounding adj.周围的 [短语]　be surrounded with/by...被……环绕 guarantee vt.保证，担保；确保；为(产品)提供保修　n．保证，担保；保修单 adaptation n．改编本，改写本；适应 adapt vi.适应　vt.使适应；使适合；改编；改写 [派生词]　adaptable adj.有适应能力的，能适应的 [短语]　adapt to适应 communist adj.共产主义的　n．共产主义者 [派生词]　communism n．共产主义 consist of由……组成(或构成) defend vt.& vi.保护，防御；辩白，辩解 [派生词]　defence n．防御；保卫 flow vi.流，流动；充满；涨起　n．流，流动；连贯；涨潮 [短语]　flow chart 流程图 greet vt.问候，欢迎，招呼 [派生词]　greeting n．问候 [短语]　greet sb. with sth.用……欢迎…… get down to (doing) sth. 开始做某事，开始认真注意(或对待)某事 suitable adj.合适的，适宜的，适当的，适用的 suit vt.适合(某人)；(尤指服装、颜色等)相配；合身；适宜　n．套装 [短语]　be suitable for 适合于……的 distant adj.遥远的，远处的，久远的；冷淡的；远亲的 [派生词]　distance n．距离 stare vi.盯着看，凝视，注视　n．盯，凝视，注视 [短语]　stare at...盯着看，凝视 breath n．呼吸的空气；一次吸入的空气；微量，迹象 breathe vt.呼吸 [派生词]　breathless adj.气喘吁吁的 [短语]　hold one's breath屏住呼吸 lose one's breath 喘不过气 out of breath 上气不接下气 breathe in/out吸/呼气 unusual adj.特别的，不寻常的；独特的，与众不同的 grab vt.& vi.吸引；抓住；赶紧，抓紧 sweep vt.& vi.(swept，swept)席卷，横扫；打扫；吹走；清除　n．打扫，清扫 [短语]　sweep away消灭；彻底消除 complicated adj.复杂的，难懂的 accompany vt.陪同，陪伴；伴随，与……同时发生；为……伴奏 company n．公司；陪伴 expectation n．希望，盼望；预料，预期；期望，指望 expect vt.期待；预料 [派生词]　expectant adj.期待的，期望的 [短语]　beyond one's expectation(s) 超出预期；预料之外 live up to one's expectations不辜负某人的期望 expect sb. to do...期待某人做…… be expected to do...被预计做……；被期望做…… remarkable adj.非凡的，奇异的，显著的，引人注目的 remark n．谈论；言论；引人注目；显耀　vi.& vt.说起，评论 [派生词]　remarkably adv.不寻常地；非常地 [短语]　remark on/upon就……发表评论 stream vi.& vt.鱼贯而行，涌动；流，流动　n．小溪；(人)流，(车)流 [短语]　stream into不断涌进；源源不断地流入 enthusiastic adj.热情的，热心的 [派生词]　enthusiastically adv.热情地；热心地 enthusiasm n．热情；热忱 gifted adj.有才华的，有天赋的 gift n．天赋，天才，才能；礼物 reputation n．名誉，名声 brilliant adj.聪颖的，技艺高的；巧妙的；很成功的；明亮的 prediction n．预言，预测 predict vt.预言，预料，预测 [派生词]　predictable adj.可预料的 unpredictable adj.无法预料的 extraordinary adj.不寻常的，非凡的；意想不到的，令人惊奇的 depress vt.使抑郁，使沮丧；使萧条，使不景气 [派生词]　depression n．沮丧，消沉；抑郁(症)；萧条(期)　 depressing adj.令人沮丧的 depressed adj.沮丧的；意志消沉的 upset adj.难过的，失望的　vt.(upset，upset)使烦恼；搅乱；打翻 possess vt.具有(特质)；拥有；支配，控制 [派生词]　possession n．拥有；控制；[usually pl.]个人财产 abandon vt.中止，放弃，不再有；抛弃；舍弃 all of a sudden突然，猛地 desperate adj.绝望的；不惜冒险的；极其需要的；极严重的 [派生词]　desperation n．绝望；拼命，不顾一切 desperately adv.拼命地；极其地；迫切地 uplifting adj.令人振奋的，鼓舞人心的 uplift vt.振奋，鼓舞 ease n．容易，轻易；舒适，安逸　vi.& vt.(使)宽慰，减轻 [短语]　at ease 不拘束，放松 with ease 轻而易举地 genius n．天赋，天资；天才 variation n．变奏，变奏曲；变化，变更；变体，变种 concerto n.　　　　 协奏曲 jazz n. 爵士乐 folk music 民间音乐 classic music 古典音乐 pop music 流行音乐 rock music 摇滚乐 rap music 说唱音乐 solo n. 独奏，独唱 adj. 独自的；独唱的，独奏的 variation n. 变奏，变奏曲；变化，变更； 变体，变种 violin n. 小提琴 guitar n. 吉他 piano n. 钢琴 cello n. 大提琴 trumpet n. 小号 erhu n. 二胡 flute n.　　　　　　　　　 长笛 harp n. 竖琴 drum n.　　　　　　　 鼓 saxophone n. 萨克斯管 pipa n. 琵琶 bass n. 贝斯 musician n.　　　　　　 音乐家 singer n. 歌手 obligato n. 助唱；助奏 orchestra n. 管弦乐队 band n. 乐队 chorus n. 合唱团 music conductor 音乐指挥家 director n. 导演 producer n. 制片人 photographer n. 摄影师 dresser n. 化妆师 composer n. 作曲家，作曲者 lyricist n. 作词家，歌词作者 technical director 技术总监 stage designer 舞台设计师 话题佳句 1.Moreover, listening to some soft music does relax your mood and give you a new start. 此外，听一些轻音乐确实能使你心情放松，给你一个新的开始。 2.Music is the source of joys and inspiration in life. 音乐在生活中是快乐和灵感的源泉。 3.It was the violin that brought me into the music world and I was totally fascinated by it. 是小提琴把我带到了音乐世界，我完全被它迷住了。 Period 1　Welcome to the unit & Reading What's the main idea of the two emails? A．The introduction to Butterfly Lovers. B．Understanding culture through the universal language—music. C．The popularity of country music. D．The popularity and beauty of music. 答案：B 1．What can we know about Butterfly Lovers? A．Butterfly Lovers is a violin concerto. B.Butterfly Lovers is directed by He Zhanhao and Chen Gang. C.Butterfly Lovers is performed by He Zhanhao and Chen Gang. D.Butterfly Lovers is a beautiful piano performance. 2．What can we know from Alice's email? A．Butterfly Lovers is about a happy love story of a young couple. B．In the end Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai got married. C.Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai were schoolmates and loved each other very much. D．Liang Shanbo's father didn't want them to get married. 3．Who does Harry rely on to introduce some great songs to him? A．His fans. B.His family. C．His host family. D．His friends. 4．What do we know about the country music? A.Country music is only popular in the south of America. B．The tunes of country music are hard to sing. C.Most of the country music is about happy stories. D.Country music musicians use many similar instruments, such as the guitar. 答案：1～4.ACCD Finally, during the most exciting part, the music takes a softer turn and ends on a bittersweet note, telling us how the couple transform into butterflies and fly away to be together forever.(Email 1 Para.2) [分析]　句中and连接两个并列谓语；“telling us...forever”是动词-ing形式作状语，其中how引导宾语从句。 [翻译]　最后，在最激动人心的部分，音乐变得柔和，以一个苦乐参半的音符结束，告诉我们这对恋人如何变成蝴蝶飞走并永远在一起。 Ⅰ.核心词汇·练通 根据课文语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词 1．deserve to be heard　　　 值得去听 2．whisper to the audience 对观众耳语 3．weep bitterly over the loss of her love 因为失去她的爱人而痛哭 4．overcome with sorrow 悲痛欲绝 5．be together forever 永远在一起 6．folk music 民间音乐 7．in rural America 在美国乡村地区 8．I guarantee you'll enjoy it! 我保证你会喜欢它的！ Ⅱ.拓展词汇·用活 根据提示写出相应的单词 1．compose vt.& vi.作曲；组成；撰写；使镇静→composer n．作曲家，作曲者 2．pleasant adj.令人愉快的，可喜的；友好的，和善的→please vt.& vi.(使)高兴；(使)满意→pleased adj.欣喜的；高兴的；愉快的→pleasure n．高兴(的事) 3．dramatic adj.激动人心的，引人注目的；突然的；戏剧的；夸张的；急剧的→drama n．戏剧→dramatically adv.显著地；剧烈地；戏剧性地 4．sorrow n．悲伤，悲痛；伤心事→sorrowful adj.伤心的，悲伤的；可悲的 5．transform vi.& vt.(使)变形，(使)改观，(使)转化→transformation n．变化，改观，转变 6．combine vt.& vi.(使) 融合；(使)结合，(使)混合；兼做；合并→combination n．组合；结合 7．surroundings n．周围，环境→surround vt.围绕；包围→surrounding adj.周围的 8．adaptation n．改编本，改写本；适应→adapt vi.适应；适合；改编→adaptable adj.有适应能力的；能适应的 9．defend vt.& vi.保护，防御；辩白，辩解→defence n．保护；防卫 Ⅲ.重点短语·再现 根据语境及汉语提示填入合适的短语 1．The little boy tried to tear__apart(撕开) the phone book. 2．I've watched him transform__into(变成) a complete stranger since then. 3．Wolves rely__on(依赖) howling as an important means of communication among each other. 4．No one could have foreseen that things would turn__out(结果是) this way. 5．You need to throw__in(奉送) another thousand dollars for the tip. 6．The pianist gave a long and varied recital, with a couple of encores for__good__measure(作为额外增添). 7．We've decided to put__on(上演) a short play sometime next week. 8．A__series__of(一系列) discussion groups has been timetabled for the afternoons. 9．In Havana, school lunches now consist__of(包括) a small plate of rice and beans. Ⅳ.重点句型·呈现 根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子 1．过去分词(短语)作后置定语 Last night, I watched a performance of Butterfly Lovers, a beautiful violin concerto composed__by____He__Zhanhao__and__Chen__Gang(由何占豪和陈钢创作的).(Email 1 Para.1) 2．as if/though引导方式状语从句 When the two lovers, Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai, first meet, the music is light and pleasant, as__if__whispering__to__the__audience(仿佛在对观众耳语). (Email 1 Para.2) 3．because引导原因状语从句 Then the music gets dramatic with heavier notes and that is when the lovers are separated because__Zhu's__father__forces__her__to__marry__another__man(因为祝的父亲强迫她嫁给另一个男人).(Email 1 Para.2) 4．形容词(短语)作状语 Angry__and__sad(由于愤怒又悲伤), Liang falls sick and dies.(Email 1 Para.2) 5．what引导宾语从句 Obviously I don't know what__it's__truly__like__to__grow__up__in__rural__America(在美国乡村地区长大的真实感受是怎样的), but the masters of country music, like John Denver, can make you feel like you're there. (Email 2 Para.3) compose vt.& vi.作(曲)；创作；组成，构成； 撰写；使镇静，使平静 【经典例句】 ①(教材P16)Last night, I watched a performance of Butterfly Lovers, a beautiful violin concerto composed by He Zhanhao and Chen Gang. 昨天晚上，我看了《梁祝》的演出，它是由何占豪和陈钢创作的一首优美的小提琴协奏曲。 ②(外研选必一U4)He is most widely known for composing music for the film Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon and the 2008 Beijing Olympics.　他因为为电影《卧虎藏龙》和2008年北京奥运会创作音乐而广为人知。 (1)be composed of＝be made up of＝consist of　　　　　　　　 由……组成 (2)compose oneself 使自己镇定 (3)composer n. 作曲家 composition n. 创作；构成；作曲； 作文；作品 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 (1)(北师大必修三U7)Ludwig van Beethoven is regarded as one of the greatest composers(compose) in the history of music. (2)The movie had a famous song titled “Circle of life” which was composed(compose) by Elton John and sung by Tim Rice. (3)生活不仅有阳光，也有暴风雨。但无论发生什么，我们都不应该放弃。 Life__is__composed__of/is__made__up__of/consists__of__not__only__sunshine__but__also__storms. But whatever happens, we should never give up.读后续写之主旨升华 (4)虽然她很紧张，但还是深吸了一口气，使自己镇静下来，然后走上台发表演讲。 She took__a__deep__breath__to__compose__herself，though she was very nervous, before stepping out onto the stage to give her speech.读后续写之情绪描写 deserve vt.& vi.值得；应得；应受(报答或惩罚) 【经典例句】 ①(教材P16)It's a piece that really deserves to be heard. 　它是一首真正值得听的乐曲。 ②(外研选必一U1)We all deserve a second chance, I guess. 我想我们都应该再有一次机会。 (1)deserve to do sth.　 值得/应该做某事 deserve doing＝deserve to be done 值得(被)做 (2)deserve attention/consideration/sympathy 值得注意/考虑/同情 deserve blame/punishment 应受责备/惩罚 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 (1)We deserved to__gain(gain) the competition with our joint efforts rather than with the help of luck.读后续写之主旨升华 (2)Knowing that you are coming to travel in China this summer vacation, I have made a list of attractions that deserve visiting/to__be__visited(visit).应用文写作之推荐信 (3)令大家高兴的是，大卫到达了终点线并获得了第20名。无论他是否赢得第一名，他都值得被认可，因为他拥有勇敢的心和坚定的信念。 To everyone's joy, David reached the finish line and ranked 20th.Whether he won the first place or not, he__deserved__recognizing/to__be__recognized for his brave heart and strong faith. 读后续写之情绪描写 deserve后接doing，用主动形式表示被动意义，相当于接动词不定式的被动形式。need、want、require作“需要”讲时，也有类似的用法。 whisper vi.& vt.耳语，低语；私下说；沙沙作响 n.低语；轻柔的声音；传言 【经典例句】 The news of the promotion was whispered around the office before it was officially announced. 在官方宣布之前，办公室里就已经在私下里传开了晋升的消息。 (1)whisper sth. to sb.　 　 把某事悄悄告诉某人 whisper (sth.) in one's ear 在某人耳旁小声说(某事) (2)in a whisper/whispers 低声地 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 (1)They stood in the passage talking about it in a whisper, grinning from ear to ear.读后续写之动作描写 (2)Nervously facing challenges, I know I will whisper to myself the two simple words “Be yourself”． (3)为了不被周围的人听见，汤姆在我的耳边低语。 In order not to be heard by people around, Tom whispered__in__my__ear．读后续写之动作描写 overcome vt.(overcame, overcome) 受到……的极大影响； 克服，解决；战胜 【经典例句】 (2024·浙江卷1月)She also learned a valuable lesson: sometimes, the only way to overcome a challenge is to break it into smaller, more manageable parts. 她也学到了宝贵的一课：有时候，克服挑战的唯一方法就是将其分解成更小、更易管理的部分。 overcome difficulties/challenges 克服困难/挑战 be overcome by/with... 被(某种情绪)控制；受到……的极大影响 【完成句子】 (1)当我们克服学习中的困难时，不仅能收获知识，还能培养勇敢面对挑战的能力。 When__we__overcome__difficulties__in__our__studies,__we will not only gain knowledge but also develop the ability to face challenges bravely. (2)他们欣喜若狂，伸出双臂紧紧地拥抱在一起，好像永远不会再分开。 Overcome__by/with__great__joy,__they stretched out their arms and hugged each other tightly as if they would never separate again.读后续写之情绪描写 transform vi.& vt.(使)变形，(使)改观，(使)转化 【经典例句】 (教材P16)Finally, during the most exciting part, the music takes a softer turn and ends on a bittersweet note, telling us how the couple transform into butterflies and fly away to be together forever. 最后，在最激动人心的部分，音乐变得柔和，以一个苦乐参半的音符结束，告诉我们这对恋人如何变成蝴蝶飞走并永远在一起。 (1)transform A into B　　　 把A转换成B transform from...into... 从……转变成…… (2)transformation n. 改变，变革 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 (1)Life in Britain was__transformed(transform) by the appearance of the steam engine in the past. (2)Some children undergo a complete transformation(transform) when they become teenagers. (3)China's plan to transform Hainan into a free trade port stimulates local consumption and enhances competitiveness of duty－free products. (4)他慷慨的帮助和悉心的照顾把我糟糕的旅行变成了一次难忘的回忆。 His generous help and tender care transformed__my__terrible__trip__into__an__unforgettable__memory． rely on 依赖，依靠；信任 【经典例句】 ①(教材P17)My host family are big fans of country music, so I can always rely on them to introduce me to some great songs. 我的寄宿家庭是乡村音乐的忠实粉丝，所以我可以依靠他们来给我介绍一些很棒的歌曲。 ②You can rely on the responsible consultant to help you out, because he is a reliable person. 你可以依靠这个负责任的顾问来帮助你，因为他是一个可靠的人。 【单句语法填空/一句多译】 (1)(2024·全国甲卷) For instance, almost all animals have distinct vocals that they rely on/upon to either ask for help, scare away any dangerous animals or look for shelter. (2)你可以相信，无论你遇到什么困难，你的父母都会一直支持你。 →You can rely__on__your__parents__to__stand__by__your__side no matter what difficulties you encounter. →You can rely__on__your__parents'__standing__by__your__side no matter what difficulties you encounter. →You can rely__on__it__that__your__parents__will__stand__by__your__side no matter what difficulties you encounter. surroundings n.周围，环境 【经典例句】 ①(教材P17)The simple tunes and beautiful natural images are often very suggestive of countryside surroundings. 简单的曲调和美丽的自然图像常常让人联想到乡村环境。 ②Once upon a time, a king who was very polite to surrounding countries lived in a castle surrounded by tall trees and with wonderful surroundings. 从前，在一个大树环绕、环境优美的城堡里住着一个国王，他对邻邦十分友好。 (1)surround vt.　　　　　　 包围 be surrounded by/with... 被……包围 (2)surrounding adj.　　　　　 周围的；附近的 【单句语法填空/句式升级】 (1)Sheep, cattle and horses get around the green grass, and the surrounding(surround) forests are home to many birds and other animals. (2)Only in this way can we live in more comfortable and beautifulsurroundings(surround).应用文写作之演讲稿 (3)I found myself surrounded(surround) by a group of children full of curiosity. (4)Green trees surround the lake, and it is very beautiful. →Surrounded__by/with__green__trees,__the lake is very beautiful.(过去分词短语作状语) →With__green__trees__surrounding__it,__the lake is very beautiful.(with复合结构)读后续写之环境描写 surroundings和environment的区别： (1)surroundings通常指自然环境； (2)environment可指自然环境，也可指文化环境、社会环境和精神环境，常用单数形式。 guarantee vt.保证，担保；确保；为(产品)提 供保修　n．保证，担保；保修单 【经典例句】 ①(教材P17)Why don't you try to listen to some great country music? I guarantee you'll enjoy it! 你为什么不试着听一些很棒的乡村音乐呢？我保证你会喜欢它的！ ②(外研选必一U2)So, it seems that talent alone isn't enough to guarantee success. 所以，仅靠天赋似乎不足以保证成功。 (1)guarantee sb.sth./guarantee sth.to sb. 　　　　　　　　　 向某人保证某事 guarantee to do/that... 保证做……/确保…… guarantee sb.that... 向某人保证…… be guaranteed to do sth. 必定/肯定会做某事 (2)under guarantee 在保修期内 give sb.a guarantee (that)... 向某人保证…… a guarantee of sth. ……的保证 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 (1)Not every stranger you meet is guaranteed to__turn(turn) into a real friend. (2)The old man guaranteed to__keep(keep) the secret for the boy, who then felt relieved and told him the truth.读后续写之动作描写 (3)If there is something wrong with the cellphones while they are still under guarantee, we will repair them free of charge. (4)努力工作并不是成功的保证，但它是必不可少的条件之一。 Working__hard__is__not__a__guarantee__of__success,__but it is among the essential requirements. 应用文写作之建议信 adaptation n.改编本，改写本；适应 【经典例句】 ①(教材P19)The musical piece, an adaptation of Xian Xinghai's Yellow River Cantata，tells how the Chinese people, led by the Communist Party of China, fought to overcome the Japanese invaders. 这部音乐剧改编自冼星海的《黄河大合唱》，讲述了中国人民在中国共产党的领导下战胜日本侵略者的故事。 ②(外研选必一U5)Maybe animals evolved as they adapted to their changing environments? 也许动物在适应环境的变化时也逐渐进化了？ (1)make an adaptation to适应…… (2)adapt vi. (使)适应；(使)适合 vt. 改编；修改 adapt (oneself) to... (使自己)适应…… adapt...for... 把……改编成…… adapt from... 改编自…… (3)adaptable adj. 有适应能力的；能适应的 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 (1)I am writing to ask you to help us with our English short play adapted(adapt) from our English text.应用文写作之求助信 (2)I'm writing to recommend the fantasy film to you.As a wonderful adaptation(adapt) of a famous novel, it not only keeps the original story's spirit but also has amazing visual effects.应用文写作之推荐信 (3)学习中文是必须的，这能确保你尽快适应在中国的新生活。 Learning Chinese is a must, which__ensures__that__you__can__adapt__(yourself)__to__the__new__life in China as soon as possible.应用文写作之建议信 consist of 由……组成(或构成)；包括 【经典例句】 ①The breakfast, consisting of porridge and sandwich, smelt extremely delicious. 早餐由粥和三明治组成，闻起来美味极了。 ②Life mainly consists of happiness and sorrow while happiness and sorrow consist in struggles.Remember that your ideal life does not always consist with the reality. 生活主要由快乐和悲伤组成，而快乐和悲伤则存在于努力中。 记住，你的理想生活并不总是与现实一致。 consist in＝lie in　　　 存在于；在于 consist with... 与……一致/相符 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 (1)This doesn't consist with what you told me earlier. (2)The Summer Palace is a famous tourist attraction consisting(consist) of Kunming Lake, Wanshou Hill and the 17－arch Bridge. (3)我们学校的图书馆由几个区域组成，比如小说区、非小说区和参考区。 Our school library consists__of__several__sections,__like the fiction section, the non-fiction section, and the reference section. consist of、belong to、come into being等动词短语都不能用于被动语态和进行时态。 defend vt.& vi.保护，防御；辩白，辩解；(在比赛中)防守 【经典例句】 ①(北师大选必一U1)Bullies pick easy targets—people who are outside the peer group and whom the group is unlikely to defend. 恃强凌弱的人选择容易(攻击)的目标——那些不属于同龄人群体、同龄人群体不太可能保护的人。 ②(人教必修二U4)They use the same flag, known as the Union Jack, as well as share the same currency and military defence. 像拥有同样的货币和军事国防一样，它们也使用同一面国旗，即联合王国国旗。 (1)defend...from/against... 保护……免受…… defend oneself 为自己辩护；自卫 (2)defence n. 防御；保护；保卫 in defence (of...) 保护；保卫；(为……)辩护 in one's defence 为某人辩护 【单句语法填空/一句多译】 (1)The monument is in memory of the soldiers who died in defence(defend) of their country. (2)It is the nature of a mother to do all she can to defend her child from/against harm and danger. (3)看到这条凶猛的蛇，他像箭一样冲过去保护他的儿子。 →Seeing the fierce snake, he rushed to__defend__his__son like an arrow.(defend v．) →Seeing the fierce snake, he rushed in__defence__of__his__son like an arrow.(defence n．)读后续写之动作描写 as if/though引导方式状语从句 【经典例句】 ①(教材P16)When the two lovers, Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai, first meet, the music is light and pleasant, as if whispering to the audience. 当梁山伯和祝英台这对恋人初次见面时，音乐轻快悦耳，仿佛在对观众耳语。 ②(外研选必一U2)Use your eyes as if tomorrow you would be stricken blind. 善待你的双眼，就像明天你就要失明一样。 (1)as if/though意为“好像、似乎、仿佛”，引导方式状语从句，还可引导表语从句； (2)若as if/though引导的从句中的内容为非真实情况，从句通常用虚拟语气，从句谓语动词的形式有： ①表示与现在事实相反→一般过去时； ②表示与过去事实相反→had＋过去分词； ③表示将来的可能性不大→would/might/could＋动词原形； (3)如果as if/though引导的方式状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，并且从句中有be动词的某种形式，则可以省略“从句主语＋be”。 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 (1)(人教必修三U1)After singing some songs, the competitors danced onto the green field, waving their arms in the air as if they were(be) eagles. (2)She walked here and there on the playground as if looking(look) for something she had lost.读后续写之动作描写 (3)The performance was so vivid that it seemed as if the fairy tale characters had__come(come) to life. (4)泪水在他眼眶里打转，大卫抬起头，望着我，仿佛有话要对我说，却又很快再次低下了头。 Tears swirling in his eyes, David raised his head, looking at me as__if__he__would/might/could__say__something__to__me,__but soon lowered his head once again.读后续写之动作描写 如果as if/though所引导的从句表示的是真实的或极有可能发生的情况时，句子不用虚拟语气。 *Hurry up! It looks as if/though the train is going to move. 快点！看起来火车好像要开了。 形容词(短语)作状语 【经典例句】 ①(教材P16)Angry and sad, Liang falls sick and dies. 由于愤怒又悲伤，梁山伯忧郁而死。 ②(北师大选必一U3)How often do we arrive at work or school, stressed out, tired and angry? 又有多少次，当我们抵达工作地点或者学校时感到心力交瘁、心烦气躁呢？ 用法 归纳 形容词(短语)作状语可以表示方式、原因或伴随状况等，可位于句首、句末或句中，常用逗号与句子其他成分隔开 注意 事项 形容词(短语)作状语时常用来说明句子主语的状态。如果用来修饰句子的谓语动词或整个句子，则应用副词作状语 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 (1)(外研必修三U1)Disappointed(disappoint) by his behaviour, I said all this to my best friend. (2)(2023·全国甲卷)Different(difference) from traditional fables, Carson's story ends with an accusation instead of a moral. (3)After a long day of work, he went home, exhausted(exhaust). (4)他的双腿一软，大脑一片空白，然后倒在了地上，失去了知觉。 His legs collapsed, his mind went blank, and he__fell__to__the__ground,__unconscious．读后续写之动作描写 Alice is glad 1.to__receive(receive) Lucy's email. She hopes everything is fine with her. Last night, Alice watched Butterfly Lovers, a beautiful violin concerto 2.composed(compose) by He Zhanhao and Chen Gang. The music is a classic story about a young couple who 3.are__torn(tear) apart by their families. The music in this performance varies according to the plots of the story. Butterfly Lovers combines Chinese 4.and Western musical elements. The unique 5.combination(combine) has made Alice realize that music is indeed a universal language. Harry's host family in Nashville are big 6.fans(fan) of country music, so they can introduce some great songs 7.to him. Country music became popular in 8.the 1940s, whose tunes are easy to sing. Most of the songs of country music are about hardship, heartbreak and hope. And country music shows the peaceful green fields and simple life of the countryside. 9.Obviously(obvious), the masters of country music can make people feel like they are in the countryside. So Harry suggests that Stephen 10.(should)__listen(listen) to some great country music. Ⅰ.品句填词 1．A famous old name on a firm is not necessarily a guarantee(保证) of quality. 2．It is essential that he should get some reliable information before making inferences. 3．He had to whisper in order to avoid being overheard by their noisy neighbors. 4．The hotel combines(结合) comfort with convenience. 5．The local birds have adapted(适应) to the cold climate in the region, with their feathers becoming much thicker in winter. 6．The soldier deserves(值得) to be respected for his acts of bravery. 7．Mozart, who composed(作曲) a large number of famous pieces during his lifetime, finished his last opera shortly before he died. 8．To learn more about Chinese culture, Jack decided to take Chinese folk(民间的) music as an elective course. 9．(2025·浙江卷1月)It really messed up my relationship with food—something that took me years to overcome(克服). 10．Maybe debate is going to be less pleasant(令人愉快的), but it will always be more productive. Ⅱ.词块运用 1．As young people, we can't always rely__on__others(依靠别人). 2．It seemed to me that you were deep__in__thought(沉思). 3．Water can transform__a__desert__into__a__garden(把沙漠变成花园). 4．If you buy this old house, we will give you all the furniture for__good__measure(作为额外增添). 5．Humans have an amazing ability to adapt__to__new__environment(适应新环境), allowing them to survive in a wide range of conditions. 6．The whole family were__overcome__with__great__sorrow(悲痛欲绝) when they heard the news that their beloved grandfather had passed away peacefully in his sleep. 7．Studies show that factory farms can tear__apart__rural__communities(使农村社区分裂). 8．Like her mother Marie Curie, Irene combined/combines__family__with__career(把家庭和事业结合在一起). Ⅲ.根据汉语提示并使用本部分句式结构完成下面的小短文 First, music is good for children's intelligence 1.because__their__brains__get__stimulated (因为他们的大脑受到刺激；because引导原因状语从句) by the rhythm and tone of music 2.when__they__are__listening__to__music(当他们在听音乐时；when引导时间状语从句). Studies have proved that children who learn music are likely to have higher intelligence than those who have no interest in or dislike music. It has been proved that music can improve children's moods. Some children are sad by nature. They seem to be lost in their own thoughts and don't take interest in their surroundings. In such cases, 3.a__method__known__as__“music__therapy”[一种被称作“音乐治疗”的方法；过去分词(短语)作后置定语] comes to their rescue. It changes their moods and places a new kind of spirit in them. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $