Unit1 Period 4 课后巩固 多维提能-【优学精讲】2026-2027学年高中英语选择性必修一同步教参（译林版）

**基本信息** 本同步练习通过基础词汇语法巩固、教材主题语篇应用及多题型综合提升的分层设计，构建从单一知识点到语篇综合应用的知识巩固路径，适配新授课语言能力培养与思维品质提升需求。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础巩固层|词形转换、固定搭配、基础句型|以词形转换题（如estimate→estimated）和固定搭配题（如be essential to/for）夯实语言基础，培养语言能力| |语篇应用层|教材主题阅读理解|改编自人教选必二U3的中国饮食主题语篇，设置细节理解题，渗透文化意识，衔接课时教学内容| |综合提升层|完形填空、语法填空等|通过完形填空（如语境词汇辨析）和语法填空（如非谓语动词、定语从句）综合考查语言知识运用，提升思维品质与学习能力|

维度一　 词形转换和动词的形式变换 1．The estimated(estimate) time of arrival for the flight is 7 p．m., although delays can occur due to weather conditions. 2．In the age of global competition, design innovation(innovate) is vital. 3．We instantly(instant) stepped away and ran as fast as we could to the helicopter. 4．He fell behind, so he had to quicken(quick) up his pace to catch up with us. 5．We are looking to the further expansion(expand) of trade and cooperation between us. 维度二　固定用法和搭配 1．As has been mentioned above, all these devices are essential to/for remote control. 2．He said not only you but one of your classmates was__invited(invite) to take part in the speech contest. 3．What surprised me most was that the little boy of seven could play the violin so well. 4．This teacher made a deep impression on me not because of his teaching but because of his strong personality. 5．These trees are covered with thousands of tiny flowers which have a delicate scent. 维度三　完成句子/一句多译 1．这个消息如此令人激动，以至于我们都高兴地跳了起来，还立刻跑去把这个好结果告诉了我们的老师。 (so...that...) The news was so__exciting__that__we__all__jumped__up__happily and ran to tell our teacher the good result immediately. 2．使他如此兴奋的事情是他在比赛中获得了第一名。 What__makes__him__so__excited__is__that he got the first in the match. 3．玛丽一门考试也没通过，使她父母非常生气。 Mary failed all her exams, making__her__parents__very__angry． 4．这张书桌正好和那张旧书桌一样宽。 This desk is just as__wide__as that old one. 5．当我们应对突发事件时，保持冷静并及时采取恰当措施至关重要。 (1)When we deal with emergencies, it__is__essential__for__us__to__stay__calm__and__take__proper__measures__in__time． (2)When we deal with emergencies, it__is__essential__that__we__(should)__stay__calm__and__take__proper__measures__in__time． 维度四　融合教材·主题探究 【改编自人教选必二U3】 I had a chance to experience authentic Chinese food by coming to China. When my family and I had just arrived in China, we went looking for a good place to eat in Beijing. A Sichuan restaurant had been recommended to us by a friend, and finally, we found it. Tired, hungry, and not knowing a word of Chinese, we had no idea how to order, so the chef just began filling our table with the best food we had ever eaten. With this, we had the pleasure of experiencing an entirely new taste：Sichuan peppercorns. The food was wonderful and different, but what was even more important was the friendship offered us. We soon moved to Shandong Province in the eastern part of North China. My favourite dish there was boiled dumplings served with vinegar. I observed that family is important to the people there. It has become a favourite traditional dish of the people in North China, where making dumplings has always been a family affair with everyone—from the youngest to the oldest—joining in to help. Later, I learnt that the most famous food in Shandong is pancake rolls stuffed with sliced Chinese green onions. Then we moved to northern Xinjiang. Some of our friends were Kazak and Inner Mongolian. These groups traditionally wandered the open range on horses. As a result, their traditional foods are what you can cook over an open fire—usually boiled or roasted meat, such as lamb kebab. Our travels then took us to South China, and then on to central China. In each place we went, we experienced wonderful local dishes, from Guangdong's elegant dim sum—small servings of food in bamboo steamers—to the exceptional stewed noodles in Henan. Everywhere, the food was as varied as the people. However, one thing is always true：Through food, Chinese people everywhere show friendship and kindness. 1．What is the most famous food in Shandong? A．Boiled dumplings.　　 B．Roasted meat. C．Stewed noodles.　　 D．Pancake rolls. 2．What does the author think of boiled dumplings? A．Delicious and meaningful. B．Expensive and important. C．Special and traditional. D．Nutritious and impressive. 3．Why do people in Xiangjiang prefer their food to be cooked over an open fire? A．Because they like the flavour of boiled or roasted meat. B．Because they traditionally wandered the open range on horses. C．Because that way of cooking can bring the people together. D．Because that way of cooking can show their character. 4．Which of the following is TRUE? A.Lamb kebab is the traditional food in Sichuan. B．In Shandong people like to cook foods over an open fire. C．In South China, making dumplings has always been a family affair. D．When the writer's family had just arrived in China, they had no idea how to order foods. 答案：1～4.DABD Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Is modern fruit cultivated to be sweeter than in the past? The short answer is yes, though the longer answer is more complicated. Some of the most powerful evidence that fruit is sweeter than before comes from zoos. In 2018, it was reported that Melbourne Zoo in Australia had stopped giving fruit to most of its animals because cultivated fruit was so sweet that it was causing tooth decay (蛀牙) and weight gain. The monkeys at the zoo were provided with a lower­sugar vegetable­based diet instead of bananas. Among fruit cultivators, the word “quality” is now routinely used as an equal for “high in sugar” (though firmness, color and size are also considerations). In 2010, in an article looking at ways to enhance the sweetness of fruit using “molecular (分子的) approaches”， a group of plant scientists of the Republic of Korea wrote that “in general, the sugar content” of many fruits is now higher than before “owing to continuous selection and breeding”. Modern apple varieties, the scientists noted, were on average sweeter than older ones. Cultivation isn't the only reason that modern fruit is sweeter; there's also climate change. Research from Japan found that since the 1970s, with rising temperatures, Fuji apples (which were already a sweet variety) have become significantly sweeter and softer. The lead researcher, Toshihoko Sugiura, said that “if you could taste an apple harvested 30 years ago, you would feel the difference”． It is sometimes claimed that the sweetness of modern fruit is not due to higher sugar content so much as the fact that the bitterness and sourness of wild fruit have been steadily cultivated out of it. There's a grain—but only a grain—of truth in this. Studies of wild apples do indeed suggest that some ancient varieties were just as high in sugar as a modern Pink Lady or Honeycrisp. The difference is that there was much wider variation in sugar content across wild apples, whereas the modern supermarket apple seldom drops below a certain level of sweetness. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了现代农业技术使得水果比以前更甜。 1．Why did Melbourne Zoo stop giving fruit to most of its animals? A.The animals preferred a vegetable­based diet. B．Modern fruit did great harm to animals' teeth. C.The sugar content of modern fruit is lower than before. D．The flavor of modern fruit was not good for the animals. B　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In 2018, it was reported that Melbourne Zoo...it was causing tooth decay and weight gain.”可知，现代水果对动物的牙齿有很大的危害，因此动物园停止了给动物供应水果。 2．What can we learn from paragraph 3? A.The sugar content is not breeders' first priority. B.Sweeter fruits are just a result of natural selection. C．The sweetness of modern apples is equal to the average of older ones. D．Molecular approaches are adopted to add the sweetness of modern fruit. D　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“In 2010, in an article...using ‘molecular approaches’”可知，现代水果采用分子方法来提高甜度。 3．What do studies of wild apples in the last paragraph suggest? A．Apples of old species tasted less sweet. B．The sugar content of wild apples varied greatly. C.The sweetness of modern apples is of the same level. D．Fruit is sweet because bitterness in it has disappeared. B　解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“The difference is that there...apple seldom drops below a certain level of sweetness.” 可知，野生苹果的含糖量变化很大。 4．What's the best title for this passage? A．Modern or Old: Which Is Better? B．Modern Fruit: Sweetness Is Quality C．Fruit Is Sweeter: It's Not a Misconception D．Melbourne Zoo: Animals Stop Eating Fruits C　解析：标题归纳题。根据第一段内容并通读全文可知，文章介绍了现代农业技术使得水果比以前更甜。C项最适合作文章标题。 B (2026·河北迁安高二上学期期中)For coffee lovers, the future is shaping up to be bitter and more expensive, as climate change roasts the world's key growing regions. Farmers have to dig deeper to get water． Tougher growing conditions have led Vietnamese farmers to question the value of coffee as a cash crop, with some pulling out their trees to plant black pepper and other tropical fruits. Reduced supply has already pushed the Robusta (coffee) price in 2024 to the highest level since at least 2008—and still, rising temperatures mean future production will fall short. Regions suitable for crop production reduce globally primarily due to increased heat. Hardier varieties are expected to fare better, and for coffee that means strong, earthy Robusta. Researchers found that it would be necessary to adapt, including by replacing Arabica (coffee) with hardier Robusta. However, Robusta is not a silver__bullet for climate change. Researchers are still learning Robusta's limits though it's more tolerant to heat and to some diseases and pests. Prolonged dry periods in Vietnam and lack of irrigation water in recent years have already severely affected the productivity of Robusta coffee farms in the Central Highlands, according to a study.In an October report, World Coffee Research (WCR) said the world may face Robusta shortages in 2040 of as much as 35 million bags, on the basis of rising consumption trends and the impact of climate change on production. The world currently produces close to 80 million bags of Robusta a year. Farmers are seeing the benefit of more sustainable farming practices. Farmers have cut back on chemical fertilisers and provided shade for coffee shrubs (灌木) so they're less exposed to the burning sun. They have also planted black pepper to diversify. When applying this, they have more income, and they can save a lot of labour. Lien, who began planting coffee nearly thirty years ago, said, “Now I see my coffee better developed, with better yields.” 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了气候变化对咖啡种植的影响，包括种植条件恶化、产量下降、价格上涨等问题，同时介绍了农民们为应对这些问题所采取的可持续种植方法。 5．What troubles farmers most when they plant coffee? A.Lower price and less labour. B．Poor quality with bitter flavor. C．Heat pressure and water shortages. D．Reduced productivity of coffee. C　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段内容和第四段中的“Prolonged dry periods...according to a study.”可知，农民在种植咖啡时面临的主要问题是高温压力和水资源短缺。 6．What does the underlined phrase “silver bullet” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A.Essential alternative. B．Effective solution. C．Secure mode. D．Scientific conclusion. B　解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“Researchers found that it would be necessary to adapt...to heat and to some diseases and pests.”可知，罗布斯塔咖啡虽然对高温和一些病虫害的耐受性更强，但并不是应对气候变化的完美解决方案。由此可推知，“silver bullet”在此处应指“有效的解决方案”。 7．What's the author's attitude towards the farming practices？　 A．Critical. B．Supportive. C．Objective. D．Opposed. B　解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“When applying this...‘Now I see my coffee better developed, with better yields.’”可知，作者通过说明可持续种植的益处和实际成效，表达了对这些种植方式的支持。 8．What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A.Dry periods affect the productivity of Robusta coffee farms. B.Robusta coffee price will stabilize soon. C.Vietnamese farmers are abandoning coffee farming. D.Sustainable farming is becoming popular. D　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Farmers are seeing...and they can save a lot of labour.”可知，农民们看到了可持续种植方法的好处，并开始采用这些方法，由此可推知，可持续种植正在变得流行。 Ⅱ.完形填空 In a city of wealth, comfort and fine food, there's a quiet alley (小巷) where passers­by often take several photos.Sharing __1__ with elegant cafes and world­class bars, a tiny fruit and vegetable __2__ seems to have been transported from a country road far away.But what lets the stall (货摊) even more __3__ in the heart of the city is that payment is on the honor system—customers just toss coins into an old mailbox—and most of the items on offer are at a low __4__ in a neighborhood where fresh food usually goes for much, much more. The greengrocer with a heart of __5__ is rarely glimpsed by her grateful customers.Sally Brown rises before __6__ to prepare to work in her fields.Depending on the __7__， she'll reap (收获) onions, eggplant, green peppers, etc.And she works several overnight __8__ every week at a nursing center to supplement her and her husband's modest salaries. All this __9__ one day as she was selling produce, and a young customer said that he barely earned enough to buy food.“I hate the idea of young people walking around __10__，” Sally said.The __11__ was planted.“I want young people to feel that they're not forgotten, and that they are __12__， ” she said.“Not everyone is out for himself.I can make money anytime.Right now, I want to give young people a(n) __13__ hand.” Sometimes, when she arrives late in the day, customers get a chance to __14__ her in person.In return, she's fond to respond with a botanical saying that she __15__ from a life that's had its share of both joy and pain.“Even in a field full of weeds，” she likes to say, “you can grow something if you put in the effort.” 【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个水果蔬菜摊主通过以低价售卖农产品来帮助年轻人的故事。 1．A.love　　 B．traffic C．space D．way C　解析：根据语境可知，此处指在这个城市的小巷里，这个小水果蔬菜摊和优雅的咖啡馆、世界级的酒吧共享空间(space)。 2．A.seller B．stand C．farm D．office B　解析：根据后文“what lets the stall”可知，这是一个卖水果蔬菜的摊位(stand)。 3．A.comfortable B．dramatic C．remarkable D．ambitious C　解析：根据后文“payment is...much more”可知，特殊的付款方式使得这个摊位在市中心更加引人注目(remarkable)。 4．A.price B．level C．grade D．speed A　解析：根据后文“where fresh food usually goes for much, much more” 可知，这个摊位的商品价格(price)低。 5．A.defence B．creation C．energy D．gold D　解析：根据后文莎莉·布朗为了帮助年轻人，以低价售卖农产品可知，她有一颗“金子般的心”。a heart of gold表示 “一颗善良的心，金子般的心”。 6．A.dawn B．noon C．night D．dusk A　解析：根据后文to prepare to work in her fields可知，莎莉要去田里工作，应该是在黎明(dawn)之前起床。 7．A.cash B．season C．distance D．habit B　解析：根据后文“she'll reap onions, eggplant, green peppers, etc”可知，她收获不同的农作物，这取决于季节(season)。 8．A.changes B．measures C．aims D．shifts D　解析：根据“she works several overnight...every week at a nursing center”可知，她每周在护理中心值几个夜班。shift在此意为“轮班”。 9．A.ended B．controlled C．died D．started D　解析：根据后文“as she was selling produce...earned enough to buy food”可知，她的善举是从她卖农产品时一个年轻顾客的话开始(start)的。 10．A.hungry B．satisfied C．individual D．peaceful A　解析：根据前文“a young customer said that he barely earned enough to buy food”可知，莎莉不喜欢年轻人饿(hungry)着肚子到处走。 11．A.seed B．confidence C．fruit D．treat A　解析：根据前文莎莉听到年轻人没钱买食物的话，以及后文她想要帮助年轻人的想法可知，这个想法就像一颗种子(seed)被种下了。 12．A.punished B．treasured C．missed D．admired B　解析：根据前文“I want young people to feel that they're not forgotten” 可知，莎莉希望年轻人觉得自己没有被遗忘，觉得自己是被珍视(treasure)的。 13．A.shaking B．helping C．pushing D．offering B　解析：根据前文莎莉想要帮助年轻人的想法可知，她想向年轻人伸出援助之手。give a helping hand是固定短语，表示 “伸出援助之手”。 14．A.encourage B．ask C．thank D．protect C　解析：根据前文可知，莎莉做了很多帮助别人的事，所以当她晚些时候到达时，顾客有机会亲自感谢(thank)她。 15．A.bought B．suffered C．sought D．collected D　解析：根据“a botanical saying that she...from a life that's had its share of both joy and pain”可知，她从生活中的喜悦和痛苦中收集(collect)到了这句谚语。 Ⅲ.语法填空 (2026·东莞高二上学期期中)The buzzwords(时髦术语) “brittle college students” have gone viral on the Internet among mounting concerns over 1.____________ serious decline in the physical health of Chinese college students. The words refer to the new generation of college students generally 2.____________ (suffer) from many physical problems. “Brittle”， which 3.____________ (apparent) means tender and fragile (脆弱的), has been used by netizens jokingly 4.____________(describe) how easily college students can get injured and sick. Such comments have caused heated discussions over the declining physical 5.____________ (fit) of contemporary college students, 6.____________ is confirmed by the astonishing record of visits to one hospital in the city of Zhengzhou, north­central Henan Province.7.____________ shocked researchers was that Zhengzhou Central Hospital received some 1，700 young people aged between 18 and 25 in its emergency department in September alone. “These young people were mainly diagnosed (诊断) with trauma, abdominal pain, chest tightness, hyperventilation, and cholecystitis. Most cases were caused by 8.____________ (regular) daily routine, staying up late and unhealthy diet，” said Cheng Xiaodan, deputy director of the hospital's emergency department.　 Many participants said they had experienced health 9.____________ (issue) such as poor skin condition, lack of sleep, and emotional problems. In fact, the health condition of college students mainly depends on 10.____________ they choose a healthy lifestyle. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章通过描述“脆皮大学生”这一时髦术语的流行，揭示了当代大学生身体健康状况严重下滑的问题，并引发了社会对此的广泛关注和热烈讨论。 1．a　解析：考查冠词。 decline为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且serious发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a修饰。 2．suffering　解析：考查非谓语动词。 分析句子结构可知，空处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，the new generation of college students和suffer为逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词形式。 3．apparently　解析：考查副词。 空处修饰动词means应用副词apparently，作状语。 4．to describe　解析：考查非谓语动词。 空处作目的状语，应用动词不定式。 5．fitness　解析：考查名词。 空处作宾语，应用名词fitness。 6．which　解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的整个句子，在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。 7．What　解析：考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导主语从句，从句中缺少主语，指物，应用连接代词what引导。单词位于句首，首字母应大写。 8．irregular　解析：考查形容词。空处应用形容词作定语，根据下文的“staying up late and unhealthy diet”可知，这里表示“不规律的”，应用irregular。 9．issues　解析：考查名词复数。空处应用名词作宾语，并结合“such as poor skin condition, lack of sleep, and emotional problems”可知，应用名词复数形式。 10．whether　解析：考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，作介词on的宾语，从句中不缺成分，引导词表示“是否”，应用连接词whether。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $