Unit 1 Period 4 Extended reading & Assessment（分层作业）英语译林版选择性必修第一册

**基本信息** 分层设计清晰，从词汇基础到语篇应用梯度递进，覆盖语言能力与思维品质，适配新授课知识巩固与能力提升。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |A组 巩固过关|核心词汇与基础句型|汉译英、选词填空夯实单元词汇，完成句子强化基础表达| |B组 能力进阶|语法应用与语篇结构|词形变化深化词法，语法填空（广式早茶语篇）融合语境语法| |C组 思维拔高|综合理解与批判性思维|阅读理解（中式生活/气候变化）提升跨文化认知与逻辑推理|

分层作业 Unit 1 Period 4 Extended reading & Assessment 目 录 A组 巩固过关 B组 能力进阶 C组 思维拔高 一、汉译英 1．星期四 _____________ 2．星期六 _____________ 3．十一月 _____________ 4．十二月 _____________ 5．幼儿园 _____________ 6．国籍 _____________ 7．主编 _____________ 8．文明 _____________ 9．和谐的 _____________ 10．王朝 _____________ 二、选词填空 lay great emphasis on, without equal, hit the spot, let loose, fall apart 1．In order to learn English well, my parents bought are read machine. It really for me. 2．Some people under pressure, while others did well despite the pressure. 3．The young woman her hair and it fell around her shoulders. 4．The Chinese tend to keeping family ties strong. 5．He, who won multiple awards and honors, is a player . 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1．His theories________ (催生创新), revolutionizing modern technology. 2．His discoveries ________ (拓展人的知识) of the natural world. 3．A polymath with ________ (多元才能), he mastered music, painting, and science. 4．As far as I’m concerned, we should ________ (更加重视) environmental protection. 5．She wants to buy ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ (朴素而优雅的连衣裙). 四、所给词的适当形式填空 1．It was a (fog) day in November when I heard the news. 2．The contrast — the modern on the old — connects locals to the (dynasty) that once ruled from here. 3．Beyond product innovation, Yang places a strong (emphasize) on educational initiatives. 4．Long dependent on foreign capital (stimulate) growth, emerging markets have often failed when capital left. 5．Most authorities agree that play is an (essence) part of a child's development. 6．Please give me three (slice) of bread. I’m really hungry. 五、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The tastes of southern China As the sky begins to pale, teahouses throughout the city of Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, come to life. Wooden tables glow with a soft shine, bamboo steamers pile up like small hills, and the moment a lid 1 (lift), clouds of steam roll upward. The delicate sweetness of crystal shrimp dumplings, the fragrant richness of pork dumplings, and the mild 2 (deep) of chicken feet spread through the air, 3 (instant) stirring the appetite. Groups of seasoned 4 (local) gather around tables, each with a pot of hot tea. The soft murmur of talks, the light sound of dishes 5 the opening of steamers make up Guangzhou’s warmest morning music, 6 (show) that yum cha — morning tea — is deeply rooted into local daily life. 7 (build) on generations of craftsmanship and love for traditional flavors, dim sum has won not only local loyalty but also the admiration of visitors far away. For many travelers, morning tea becomes their first real encounter with the southern city, with some arriving specifically for 8 taste of authentic Cantonese flavors and the everyday warmth that comes with them. 9 the core birthplace of Cantonese cuisine, the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area is defined by both inclusiveness and restriction. Its dietary culture rests on freshness, tenderness and balance, 10 reflects local wisdom and an open, generous taste. At the heart of it all, Guangzhou’s morning tea remains the most grounded starting point. 六、阅读理解 B A Chinese American girl called Sherry once said, “Tomorrow you’re turning Chinese.” This sentence became popular on TikTok. Many people around the world became interested in Chinese lifestyles. Her video got millions of views, and many users shared their own stories. Some users loved Chinese hotpot, drinking hot water and wearing house slippers (拖鞋). Others wanted to have rice porridge for breakfast and shared how to cook it. Soon, people from different countries posted videos about their “Chinese-style living”. They enjoyed slow-cooked soup and saw these habits as “Eastern wisdom”. It’s important to know: this trend is about daily Chinese habits, not changing nationality. This online interest also includes healthy living. An American woman said drinking hot water and ginger tea often made her stomach feel better. Some foreign video makers started practising Baduanjin, a traditional Chinese exercise. They said it was good for building strength and keeping healthy. These examples show more and more foreigners are curious about Chinese traditions. Travel is also changing how the world sees China. China’s 144-hour visa-free transit policy helps change old stereotypes (刻板印象). Visitors found a modern country with smart cars and digital payments. They saw practical wisdom in daily life, not just tai chi and calligraphy. Visiting China in person helps them understand the country better and more correctly. In the past, some Chinese people ignored their own culture, believing “the foreign moon shines brighter”. Now, many foreigners love Chinese-style living. Today, the overseas welcome of Chinese-style living offers a mirror image, which lets Chinese people look again at their own traditions and find their wide attraction. This trend also helps change unfair pictures of China in old Western media. As more people visit China and share real stories, old stereotypes are slowly disappearing. The popularity of Chinese daily life content on social media represents a new way of communication. By focusing on daily routines instead of difficult discussions, these short videos help Chinese culture achieve a “soft landing” overseas. As one American user put it, “We think being Chinese is cool and healthy.” This kind of exchange, based on real life, is quietly changing global views of China and building a more detailed understanding through the universal language of everyday life. 1．What do we know about the trend of “Chinese-style living”? A．It encourages foreigners to change their nationalities. B．It mainly refers to people’s daily living habits of China. C．It first appeared on a video posted by an American woman. D．It focuses on traditional Chinese art like calligraphy. 2．Which activity is NOT mentioned as a healthy Chinese habit loved by foreigners? A．Drinking ginger tea. B．Practising Baduanjin. C．Wearing house slippers. D．Drinking hot water. 3．What can we infer from Paragraph 4? A．Western media have always reported China objectively. B．Chinese people used to fully recognize the value of local culture. C．Foreigners’ love for Chinese lifestyles makes Chinese revalue their traditions. D．Old stereotypes about China will disappear completely in a short time. 4．Why do short videos about Chinese daily life help Chinese culture spread overseas? A．They avoid tough topics and start with ordinary daily life. B．They introduce high-level academic discussions about culture. C．They mainly show China’s advanced transportation system. D．They ask foreigners to follow Chinese living rules strictly. C Climate change leads to rising temperatures, rising sea level, and drought (干旱). However, its effects don’t end there — it can also change the taste of food. In southwestern Spain, black Iberian pigs (Pata Negra) look for oak acorns (橡子) under centuries-old oak trees, a process key to the unique taste of Jamón Ibérico, a special cured ham (腌制火腿) made from these pigs. However, according to National Geographic, more heat waves and a five-year drought have reduced the number of the trees’ acorns as well as the grass around them. Without these natural food sources, the pigs require extra feed, which changes the ham’s unique taste. Drought also affects the taste of fruits. Watermelons, for example, show significant flavor changes in drought conditions. According to researchers at the Agrifood Research and Technology Center of Aragon in Spain, compounds (化合物) such as sugars build up during drought, changing the taste of fruits, either for better or for worse. Beyond drought, rising temperatures and sea level also influence food flavors. The warm day and cool night help fruits develop the best flavor by increasing their sugar content and acidity (酸度). However, global warming is changing this. For example, Japanese apples are becoming less acidic, softer, and drier because they bloom early and grow in higher temperatures. Oysters, which do best in a mix of salt and freshwater, are losing their unique taste because rising sea level is making their environment too salty. While the food we eat is affected by climate change, our food choices also impact the climate. Meat and milk products, especially from cows, contribute significantly to greenhouse gas emissions. Raising animals for food makes up about 14.5 percent of the world’s total greenhouse gas emissions, similar to the emissions from all vehicles combined. Producing animal protein (蛋白质) uses more land, energy and water than plant protein. While this seems like a bad cycle, it can be broken. For example, The Good Food Institute, a US-based think tank, believes people will choose alternative proteins if they are as tasty and affordable as meat. Meanwhile, more farmers are practicing “greener” farming, and when people buy local, in-season produce, the impact on the environment is reduced. 1．What has caused the change in the flavor of Jamón Ibérico? A．The use of other meat sources. B．The lack of natural feed for the pigs. C．The introduction of new curing techniques. D．The change in pig feeding methods due to new technology. 2．How does drought influence the taste of fruits according to the passage? A．It decreases their acidity. B．It adds to their water content. C．It leads to a shift in their taste, improving or worsening it. D．It significantly improves their natural flavor by building up sugars. 3．What action can consumers take to fight climate change? A．Eating less processed food. B．Buying local and in-season food. C．Supporting traditional farming practices. D．Choosing animal protein over plant protein. 4．What’s the best title for this passage? A．Changes on Your Plate B．Droughts and Agriculture C．Shifts in Sea Level D．Greenhouse Gas Emissions 4 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 分层作业 Unit 1 Period 4 Extended reading & Assessment 目 录 A组 巩固过关 B组 能力进阶 C组 思维拔高 一、汉译英 1．星期四 _____________ 2．星期六 _____________ 3．十一月 _____________ 4．十二月 _____________ 5．幼儿园 _____________ 6．国籍 _____________ 7．主编 _____________ 8．文明 _____________ 9．和谐的 _____________ 10．王朝 _____________ 【答案】 1．Thursday 2．Saturday 3．November 4．December 5．kindergarten 6．nationality 7．editor 8．civilization 9．harmonious 10．dynasty 【详解】 1．考查名词。表示“星期四”的英文为专有名词Thursday。故译为Thursday。 2．考查名词。表示“星期六”的英文为专有名词Saturday。故译为Saturday。 3．考查名词。表示“十一月”的英文为专有名词November。故译为November。 4．考查名词。表示“十二月”的英文为专有名词December。故译为December。 5．考查名词。表示“幼儿园”的英文为kindergarten。故译为kindergarten。 6．考查名词。表示“国籍”的英文为nationality。故译为nationality。 7．考查名词。表示“主编”的英文为editor。故译为editor。 8．考查名词。表示“文明”的英文为civilization。故译为civilization。 9．考查形容词。表示“和谐的”的英文为harmonious。故译为harmonious。 10．考查名词。表示“王朝”的英文为dynasty。故译为dynasty。 二、选词填空 lay great emphasis on, without equal, hit the spot, let loose, fall apart 1．In order to learn English well, my parents bought are read machine. It really for me. 2．Some people under pressure, while others did well despite the pressure. 3．The young woman her hair and it fell around her shoulders. 4．The Chinese tend to keeping family ties strong. 5．He, who won multiple awards and honors, is a player . 【答案】 1．hit the spot 2．fell apart 3．let loose 4．lay great emphasis on 5．without equal 【解析】 1．考查动词短语和时态。句意：为了学好英语，我父母买了一台阅读机。这正是我需要的。动词短语hit the spot意为“使人满足；正合需要；恰到好处”，固定搭配，符合句意，在句中作谓语动词，由I drank a cup of cola and可知动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故填hit the spot。 2．考查动词短语和和时态。句意：有些人在压力下崩溃了，而有些人尽管有压力也做得很好。动词短语fall apart意为“崩溃；土崩瓦解；破碎”，固定搭配，符合句意，在句中作谓语动词，由while a few people did well despite the pressure可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填fell apart。 3．考查动词短语。句意：那年轻女子把头发散了下来，披在肩上。动词短语let sth. loose意为“释放某物”，固定搭配，符合句意，由下文的fell around可知，用一般过去时描述过去发生的事情。故填let loose。 4．考查动词短语。句意：中国人往往高度重视保持牢固的家庭关系。动词短语lay great emphasis on意为“高度重视”，固定搭配，符合句意，由空前的 to可知应填动词原形，不定式形式作宾语。故填lay great emphasis on。 5．考查介词短语。句意：他赢得了多项奖项和荣誉，是一个无与伦比的球员。介词短语without equal意为“无与伦比”，固定搭配，符合句意。故填without equal。 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1．His theories________ (催生创新), revolutionizing modern technology. 【答案】generated innovation 【详解】考查动词时态、名词。句意：他的理论催生了创新，彻底改变了现代技术。表示“催生”用动词generate，描述的是过去发生的动作，时态应用一般过去时，谓语用过去式generated。表示“创新”用名词innovation，作宾语。故填generated innovation。 2．His discoveries ________ (拓展人的知识) of the natural world. 【答案】expanded human knowledge 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：他的发现拓展了人类对自然界的认识。根据汉语提示可知短语为expand human knowledge，句子是描述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时，故填expanded human knowledge。 3．A polymath with ________ (多元才能), he mastered music, painting, and science. 【答案】multiple talents 【详解】考查名词和形容词。句意：他多才多艺，精通音乐、绘画和科学。“多元”是形容词multiple，作定语，“才能”是名词talent，要用复数作宾语，因此空格处是multiple talents，故填multiple talents。 4．As far as I’m concerned, we should ________ (更加重视) environmental protection. 【答案】place more emphasis on 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：在我看来，我们应该更加重视环境保护。“更加重视”对应的英文固定短语是 place more emphasis on，should后接动词原形。故填place more emphasis on。 5．She wants to buy ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ (朴素而优雅的连衣裙). 【答案】 a plain but elegant dress 【详解】句意：她想买一条朴素而优雅的连衣裙。根据汉语提示“朴素而优雅的连衣裙”可知，“朴素的”可译为plain，“优雅的”可译为elegant，二者用but连接表示转折关系，共同修饰名词dress，意为“连衣裙”；“一条”用不定冠词a表示，泛指数量。 四、所给词的适当形式填空 1．It was a (fog) day in November when I heard the news. 【答案】foggy 【详解】考查形容词。句意：当我听到这个消息时，那是一个11月雾蒙蒙的日子。此处修饰名词day，应用形容词foggy“有雾的”，作定语。故填foggy。 2．The contrast — the modern on the old — connects locals to the (dynasty) that once ruled from here. 【答案】dynasties 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：这种对比——现代与古老的对比——将当地人与曾经在这里统治的朝代联系起来。定冠词the后接名词。由定语从句that once ruled from here（曾统治过这里的）可知，朝代不止一个，故用dynasty的复数形式dynasties。故填dynasties。 3．Beyond product innovation, Yang places a strong (emphasize) on educational initiatives. 【答案】emphasis 【详解】句意：除了产品创新之外，杨还非常重视教育方面的举措。空处作places的宾语，根据a可知，用emphasize对应的名词形式emphasis。 4．Long dependent on foreign capital (stimulate) growth, emerging markets have often failed when capital left. 【答案】to stimulate 【详解】句意：长期依靠外资刺激增长，新兴市场常在资本外流时陷入困境。此处作目的状语，用不定式to stimulate。 5．Most authorities agree that play is an (essence) part of a child's development. 【答案】essential 【详解】句意：大多数权威人士都同意，游戏是儿童发展的重要组成部分。修饰名词part，用形容词essential作定语。 6．Please give me three (slice) of bread. I’m really hungry. 【答案】slices 【详解】句意：请给我三片面包。我真的很饿。根据“three”可知，名词用复数形式，slice的复数是slices。 五、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The tastes of southern China As the sky begins to pale, teahouses throughout the city of Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, come to life. Wooden tables glow with a soft shine, bamboo steamers pile up like small hills, and the moment a lid 1 (lift), clouds of steam roll upward. The delicate sweetness of crystal shrimp dumplings, the fragrant richness of pork dumplings, and the mild 2 (deep) of chicken feet spread through the air, 3 (instant) stirring the appetite. Groups of seasoned 4 (local) gather around tables, each with a pot of hot tea. The soft murmur of talks, the light sound of dishes 5 the opening of steamers make up Guangzhou’s warmest morning music, 6 (show) that yum cha — morning tea — is deeply rooted into local daily life. 7 (build) on generations of craftsmanship and love for traditional flavors, dim sum has won not only local loyalty but also the admiration of visitors far away. For many travelers, morning tea becomes their first real encounter with the southern city, with some arriving specifically for 8 taste of authentic Cantonese flavors and the everyday warmth that comes with them. 9 the core birthplace of Cantonese cuisine, the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area is defined by both inclusiveness and restriction. Its dietary culture rests on freshness, tenderness and balance, 10 reflects local wisdom and an open, generous taste. At the heart of it all, Guangzhou’s morning tea remains the most grounded starting point. 【答案】 1．is lifted 2．depth 3．instantly 4．locals 5．and 6．showing 7．Built 8．a 9．As 10．which 【导语】文章描绘了广州早茶的热闹场景与丰富点心，展现了早茶在当地日常生活中的深厚根基，以及对本地人与远方游客强大的吸引力。 【详解】 1．考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：木桌泛着柔和的光泽，竹蒸笼堆得像小山一样，盖子一掀开，蒸汽便滚滚升腾。空处作从句的谓语，结合后面主句中的“roll upward”可知，此处在描述通常的情况，时态应用一般现在时，lift“提起，举起”和主语a lid之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语是单数，be动词应用is。 2．考查名词。句意：水晶虾饺的细腻甜味、猪肉烧卖的浓郁香气以及鸡爪的醇厚滋味弥漫在空气中，瞬间勾起食欲。空处和sweetness以及richness并列，作主语，且被mild修饰，应用名词depth，意为“深厚，强烈”，是不可数名词。 3．考查副词。句意：水晶虾饺的细腻甜味、猪肉烧卖的浓郁香气以及鸡爪的醇厚滋味弥漫在空气中，瞬间勾起食欲。空处修饰现在分词stirring，应用副词instantly，意为“立即，立刻”。 4．考查名词复数。句意：一群群老练的当地人围坐在桌旁，每人面前都有一壶热茶。空处作of的宾语，根据空前的“Groups of”可知，可数名词local“当地人”应用复数形式。 5．考查连词。句意：轻声的交谈、碗碟的轻响以及蒸笼开启的声音，构成了广州最温馨的晨曲，表明早茶已深深植根于当地人的日常生活。空处连接并列名词短语the light sound of dishes和the opening of steamers，表示并列关系，因此用连词and。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：轻声的交谈、碗碟的轻响以及蒸笼开启的声音，构成了广州最温馨的晨曲，表明早茶已深深植根于当地人的日常生活。句子主干成分完整，空处表示随着谓语行为自然发生的结果，作结果状语，应用show“表明”的现在分词形式。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：建立在数代人的手艺和对传统风味的热爱之上，点心不仅赢得了本地人的忠诚，也赢得了远方游客的赞赏。句子主干成分完整，空处为非谓语，build“建立”和dim sum逻辑上是被动关系，因此用build的过去分词形式，作状语，且句首单词的首字母应大写。 8．考查冠词。句意：对许多旅行者来说，早茶是他们与这座南方城市的第一次真正接触，有些人专程前来，只为品尝一口地道的粤式风味以及随之而来的日常温暖。结合空前的“some arriving specifically for”可知，此处意为“专程前来只为品尝一口……”，应用不定冠词，且taste的发音以辅音音素开头，应用a。 9．考查介词。句意：作为粤菜的核心发源地，粤港澳大湾区兼具包容性与限制性。结合空后的“the core birthplace of Cantonese cuisine”可知，此处介绍粤港澳大湾区“核心发源地”的身份，应用介词as表示“作为”，且句首单词的首字母需大写。 10．考查定语从句。句意：其饮食文化立足于鲜、嫩、平衡，这反映了当地的智慧以及开放、大气的品味。空处引导非限制性定语从句，对前面的句子进行补充说明，从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词which作引导词。 六、阅读理解 B A Chinese American girl called Sherry once said, “Tomorrow you’re turning Chinese.” This sentence became popular on TikTok. Many people around the world became interested in Chinese lifestyles. Her video got millions of views, and many users shared their own stories. Some users loved Chinese hotpot, drinking hot water and wearing house slippers (拖鞋). Others wanted to have rice porridge for breakfast and shared how to cook it. Soon, people from different countries posted videos about their “Chinese-style living”. They enjoyed slow-cooked soup and saw these habits as “Eastern wisdom”. It’s important to know: this trend is about daily Chinese habits, not changing nationality. This online interest also includes healthy living. An American woman said drinking hot water and ginger tea often made her stomach feel better. Some foreign video makers started practising Baduanjin, a traditional Chinese exercise. They said it was good for building strength and keeping healthy. These examples show more and more foreigners are curious about Chinese traditions. Travel is also changing how the world sees China. China’s 144-hour visa-free transit policy helps change old stereotypes (刻板印象). Visitors found a modern country with smart cars and digital payments. They saw practical wisdom in daily life, not just tai chi and calligraphy. Visiting China in person helps them understand the country better and more correctly. In the past, some Chinese people ignored their own culture, believing “the foreign moon shines brighter”. Now, many foreigners love Chinese-style living. Today, the overseas welcome of Chinese-style living offers a mirror image, which lets Chinese people look again at their own traditions and find their wide attraction. This trend also helps change unfair pictures of China in old Western media. As more people visit China and share real stories, old stereotypes are slowly disappearing. The popularity of Chinese daily life content on social media represents a new way of communication. By focusing on daily routines instead of difficult discussions, these short videos help Chinese culture achieve a “soft landing” overseas. As one American user put it, “We think being Chinese is cool and healthy.” This kind of exchange, based on real life, is quietly changing global views of China and building a more detailed understanding through the universal language of everyday life. 1．What do we know about the trend of “Chinese-style living”? A．It encourages foreigners to change their nationalities. B．It mainly refers to people’s daily living habits of China. C．It first appeared on a video posted by an American woman. D．It focuses on traditional Chinese art like calligraphy. 2．Which activity is NOT mentioned as a healthy Chinese habit loved by foreigners? A．Drinking ginger tea. B．Practising Baduanjin. C．Wearing house slippers. D．Drinking hot water. 3．What can we infer from Paragraph 4? A．Western media have always reported China objectively. B．Chinese people used to fully recognize the value of local culture. C．Foreigners’ love for Chinese lifestyles makes Chinese revalue their traditions. D．Old stereotypes about China will disappear completely in a short time. 4．Why do short videos about Chinese daily life help Chinese culture spread overseas? A．They avoid tough topics and start with ordinary daily life. B．They introduce high-level academic discussions about culture. C．They mainly show China’s advanced transportation system. D．They ask foreigners to follow Chinese living rules strictly. 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．C 4．A 【导语】文章主要讲述海外兴起“中国式生活”潮流，助力中国文化对外传播，重塑全球对中国的认知。 【详解】 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“It’s important to know: this trend is about daily Chinese habits, not changing nationality.(要明确一点：这一潮流围绕中国人的日常习惯展开，并非要求改变国籍)”可知，“中国式生活”潮流主要指代中国人的日常起居生活习惯。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中“An American woman said drinking hot water and ginger tea often made her stomach feel better. Some foreign video makers started practising Baduanjin, a traditional Chinese exercise.(一位美国女性表示常喝热水和姜茶能让她的胃部更舒适，部分外国视频创作者开始练习中国传统运动八段锦)”可知，文中未将穿家居拖鞋归为被提及的健康类中国习惯。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段中“Now, many foreigners love Chinese-style living. Today, the overseas welcome of Chinese-style living offers a mirror image, which lets Chinese people look again at their own traditions and find their wide attraction.(如今许多外国人喜爱中国式生活，海外对它的接纳形成了一面镜子，让中国人重新审视自身传统，发现其广泛吸引力)”可知，外国人对中国生活方式的喜爱让中国人重新评估自身的传统文化价值。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“By focusing on daily routines instead of difficult discussions, these short videos help Chinese culture achieve a “soft landing” overseas.(这些短视频聚焦日常琐事而非艰深的讨论，帮助中国文化在海外实现了“软着陆”)”可知，这类聚焦中国日常生活的短视频能助力中国文化对外传播，是因为它们避开了艰深话题，从普通日常切入展开内容。 C Climate change leads to rising temperatures, rising sea level, and drought (干旱). However, its effects don’t end there — it can also change the taste of food. In southwestern Spain, black Iberian pigs (Pata Negra) look for oak acorns (橡子) under centuries-old oak trees, a process key to the unique taste of Jamón Ibérico, a special cured ham (腌制火腿) made from these pigs. However, according to National Geographic, more heat waves and a five-year drought have reduced the number of the trees’ acorns as well as the grass around them. Without these natural food sources, the pigs require extra feed, which changes the ham’s unique taste. Drought also affects the taste of fruits. Watermelons, for example, show significant flavor changes in drought conditions. According to researchers at the Agrifood Research and Technology Center of Aragon in Spain, compounds (化合物) such as sugars build up during drought, changing the taste of fruits, either for better or for worse. Beyond drought, rising temperatures and sea level also influence food flavors. The warm day and cool night help fruits develop the best flavor by increasing their sugar content and acidity (酸度). However, global warming is changing this. For example, Japanese apples are becoming less acidic, softer, and drier because they bloom early and grow in higher temperatures. Oysters, which do best in a mix of salt and freshwater, are losing their unique taste because rising sea level is making their environment too salty. While the food we eat is affected by climate change, our food choices also impact the climate. Meat and milk products, especially from cows, contribute significantly to greenhouse gas emissions. Raising animals for food makes up about 14.5 percent of the world’s total greenhouse gas emissions, similar to the emissions from all vehicles combined. Producing animal protein (蛋白质) uses more land, energy and water than plant protein. While this seems like a bad cycle, it can be broken. For example, The Good Food Institute, a US-based think tank, believes people will choose alternative proteins if they are as tasty and affordable as meat. Meanwhile, more farmers are practicing “greener” farming, and when people buy local, in-season produce, the impact on the environment is reduced. 1．What has caused the change in the flavor of Jamón Ibérico? A．The use of other meat sources. B．The lack of natural feed for the pigs. C．The introduction of new curing techniques. D．The change in pig feeding methods due to new technology. 2．How does drought influence the taste of fruits according to the passage? A．It decreases their acidity. B．It adds to their water content. C．It leads to a shift in their taste, improving or worsening it. D．It significantly improves their natural flavor by building up sugars. 3．What action can consumers take to fight climate change? A．Eating less processed food. B．Buying local and in-season food. C．Supporting traditional farming practices. D．Choosing animal protein over plant protein. 4．What’s the best title for this passage? A．Changes on Your Plate B．Droughts and Agriculture C．Shifts in Sea Level D．Greenhouse Gas Emissions 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．B 4．A 【导语】文章主要介绍了气候变化如何影响食物的风味以及人类食物的选择如何影响气候。 【详解】 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“However, according to National Geographic, more heat waves and a five-year drought have reduced the number of the trees’ acorns as well as the grass around them. Without these natural food sources, the pigs require extra feed, which changes the ham’s unique taste. (然而，据《国家地理》报道，更多的热浪和长达五年的干旱减少了橡树果实的数量以及树周围的草。没有了这些天然食物来源，猪需要额外的饲料，这改变了火腿独特的风味)”可知，伊比利亚火腿风味的变化是由猪缺少天然饲料导致的。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“According to researchers at the Agrifood Research and Technology Center of Aragon in Spain, compounds (化合物) such as sugars build up during drought, changing the taste of fruits, either for better or for worse. (西班牙阿拉贡农业食品研究与技术中心的研究人员表示，在干旱期间，诸如糖类等化合物会积累起来，从而改变水果的风味，有的会变好，有的则会变差)”可知，干旱会导致水果风味发生变化，可能改善也可能恶化其风味。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Meanwhile, more farmers are practicing “greener” farming, and when people buy local, in-season produce, the impact on the environment is reduced. (与此同时，越来越多的农民在实践“更绿色”的耕作方式，而当人们购买本地当季农产品时，对环境的影响就会减少)”可知，消费者可以通过购买本地的、当季的农产品来应对气候变化。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Climate change leads to rising temperatures, rising sea level, and drought (干旱). However, its effects don’t end there — it can also change the taste of food. (气候变化会导致气温上升、海平面上升以及干旱现象。然而，其影响远不止于此——它还能改变食物的风味)”和第五段中“While the food we eat is affected by climate change, our food choices also impact the climate. (虽然我们所吃的食物受到气候变化的影响，但我们的饮食选择也会对气候产生影响)”可知，文章主要讨论气候变化如何改变食物的风味，如火腿、水果、苹果、牡蛎等，同时也指出我们的食物选择，如肉类消费，反过来影响气候。因此“你餐盘里的变化”既涵盖了食物风味的变化，也隐含了饮食选择的变化，最适合作为文章标题。 4 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 分层作业 Unit 1 Period 4 Extended reading & Assessment 目 录 A组 巩固过关 B组 能力进阶 C组 思维拔高 一、汉译英 【答案】 1．Thursday 2．Saturday 3．November 4．December 5．kindergarten 6．nationality 7．editor 8．civilization 9．harmonious 10．dynasty 二、选词填空 【答案】 1．hit the spot 2．fell apart 3．let loose 4．lay great emphasis on 5．without equal 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1．【答案】generated innovation 2．【答案】expanded human knowledge 3．【答案】multiple talents 4．【答案】place more emphasis on 5．【答案】 a plain but elegant dress 四、所给词的适当形式填空 1．【答案】foggy 2．【答案】dynasties 3．【答案】emphasis 4．【答案】to stimulate 5．【答案】essential 6．【答案】slices 五、语法填空 【答案】 1．is lifted 2．depth 3．instantly 4．locals 5．and 6．showing 7．Built 8．a 9．As 10．which 六、阅读理解 B 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．C 4．A C 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．B 4．A 4 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $