Unit3 Period 3 课后巩固 多维提能-【优学精讲】2026-2027学年高中英语选择性必修一同步教参（外研版）

**基本信息** 本同步练习通过“基础巩固+综合提升”分层设计，从词汇语法到语篇应用递进，强化语言能力与思维品质，适配新授课知识巩固与能力拓展。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础知识巩固练|词形转换、固定搭配、句型结构（含教材U2主题阅读）|单题聚焦基础考点，如词形转换题直接考查语法规则，完成句子题强化句型应用| |综合能力提升练|阅读理解（科学研究类文本）、七选五（篮球传球技巧）、完形填空（人物故事）|多题型综合考查语篇理解与逻辑思维，如阅读理解题训练信息筛选与推理能力|

[基础知识巩固练] 维度一　词形转换和动词的形式变换 1.Basketball is a team sport that requires cooperation(cooperate), skills, and endurance, which is a great way to stay physically active and socialize. 2．Our English teacher gave us a writing assignment(assign) on the topic of “My Dream” and required us to hand it in next Monday. 3．With hard work and determination, he achieved remarkable(remark) results in the final exam. 4．Though defeated(defeat) many times, Jack still takes a positive attitude towards life, which inspires many people around him. 5．Impression West Lake, one of China's top shows, vividly(vivid) presents the history and culture of West Lake. 维度二　固定用法和搭配 1．Rap music，which burst onto the music scene in the 1970s, is actually more like a rhyming chant. 2．The student's persistence in practicing calligraphy paid off when he won the first prize in the school competition. 3．Relationships with friends and family always go through testing times and there will always be ups and downs. 4．The increase in carbon emissions is contributing to climate change, leading to more extreme weather events and rising global temperatures. 5．The key to success is not fighting alone; what is essential is the close cooperation between team members. 维度三　完成句子 1．对于语言学习者来说，掌握一门外语的第一步是夯实词汇基础。(the ＋序数词＋名词＋to do sth.) For language learners, the first step to master a foreign language is to build a solid vocabulary base. 2．铃声刚响，学生们便立刻冲出教室，朝着操场跑去。(as soon as引导时间状语从句) As soon as the bell rang, the students rushed out of the classroom to the playground. 3．尽管他努力保持镇定，但当看到全班同学都盯着自己时，他更不安了。(see＋宾语＋宾语补足语) Though he had tried to stay calm, he felt more uneasy when he saw the whole class staring at him． 4．生活主要由快乐和悲伤组成，而快乐则在于奋斗。(while连接并列句) Life mainly consists of happiness and sorrow while happiness consists in struggle． 5．帮走失的孩子找到父母后，这位少年心中涌起强烈的满足感和幸福感。 (现在分词的完成式作时间状语) Having helped the lost child find his parents, the teenager felt a strong sense of satisfaction and happiness. 维度四　融合教材·主题探究 【改编自译林必修二U2】 A beginner's guide to exercise You want to start doing exercise? Congratulations! You have just taken your first step towards a new and improved you! Understanding the benefits of exercise Most people assume that regular exercise does wonders for the body and mind—but what exactly are its health benefits? To start with, physical activity increases the efficiency of your heart and lungs.During exercise, your heart and lungs must work harder.This extra effort makes them grow stronger over the long term. It has also been proven that active people tend to have better immune systems and are at lower risk of diseases. Moreover, exercise is good for your mental health.Working out can help you reduce stress and get over negative feelings. Some studies even show that exercise improves certain brain functions, meaning you could actually exercise your way to better performance at school! Planning your exercise routine When you plan an exercise routine, the first thing to consider is what you expect to improve: heart and lung efficiency, muscle strength or flexibility. Aerobic activities, like jogging, swimming and skiing, develop your heart and lungs. Strength training, such as pull－ups and weightlifting, increases muscle strength and encourages bone development. Flexibility training, including gymnastics and tai chi, helps stretch your muscles and improve your body's range of movement. These types of exercise all play a role in a healthy routine. Above all, choose activities you enjoy because, in this way, you're more likely to stick with them. 1．What's the function of paragraph 1? A．To encourage readers to exercise. B．To introduce the topic. C．To give some advice. D．To ask readers a question. 2．What can we learn from paragraph 3? A．Aerobic activities increase muscle strength and encourage bone development. B．Pull－ups and weightlifting are strength training activities. C．Flexibility training includes jogging and swimming. D．Gymnastics and tai chi are aerobic activities. 3．What does the underlined phrase “stick with” mean in paragraph 3? A．Insist on.　　　　　 B．Give up. C．Keep with. D．Come up with. 答案：1～3.BBA [综合能力提升练] Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2026·成都高二检测)When you can't fit your entire workout into a busy day, do you think there's no point in doing anything at all? You should rethink that mindset.Just 11 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous intensity aerobic activity per day could lower your risk of cancer, cardiovascular disease (心血管疾病) or premature death, a large new study has found. Aerobic activities include walking, dancing, running, jogging, cycling and swimming.You can estimate the intensity level of an activity by your heart rate and how hard you're breathing as you move.Higher levels of physical activity have been associated with lower rates of premature death and chronic disease, according to past research.But how the risk levels for these outcomes are affected by the amount of exercise someone gets has been more difficult to determine.To explore this impact, scientists largely from the University of Cambridge in the United Kingdom looked at data from 196 studies, amounting to more than 30 million adult participants who were followed for 10 years on average. The study mainly focused on participants who had done the minimum recommended amount of 150 minutes of exercise per week, or 22 minutes per day.Compared with inactive participants, adults who had done 150 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous aerobic physical activity per week had a 31% lower risk of dying from any cause, a 29% lower risk of dying from cardiovascular disease and a 15% lower risk of dying from cancer.The same amount of exercise was linked with a 27% lower risk of developing cardiovascular disease and 12% lower risk when it came to cancer. “This is a convincing systematic review of existing research，” said CNN Medical Analyst Dr.Leana Wen, an emergency physician and public health professor at George Washington University, who wasn't involved in the research.“We already knew that there was a strong correlation between increased physical activity and reduced risk for cardiovascular disease, cancer and premature death.This research confirms it, and furthermore states that a smaller amount than the 150 minutes of recommended exercise a week can help.” 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。研究发现，运动可以降低患心血管疾病、癌症和过早死亡的风险。 1．Why did the scientists from the University of Cambridge do this research? A．To confirm the past research. B．To encourage people to do more exercise. C．To find out how the amount of exercise impacts the risk levels. D．To explore the relationship between daily exercise and risk levels. C　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“But how the risk...more difficult to determine.”可知，剑桥大学的科学家做研究是为了弄清楚运动量是如何影响风险水平的。 2．How did the scientists reach their conclusion? A．By conducting genetic research. B．By comparing data from past research with current research. C．By comparing different groups of participants. D．By collecting a mass of data from science website. C　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Compared with inactive participants...dying from cancer.”可知，科学家将不同组的参与者进行比较，从而得出了运动会降低过早死亡、患心血管疾病和癌症的风险这一结论。 3．What can we learn from this study? A．Inactive participants had higher risk of dying from cancer. B．People should take exercise for about 22 minutes every day. C．The scientists suggested people exercise at most 150 minutes per week. D．Moderate-to-vigorous aerobic physical activity was the best exercise for adults. A　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Compared with inactive participants...dying from cancer.”可知，不积极运动的参与者死于癌症的风险更高。 4．What is the Dr.Leana Wen's attitude towards this research? A．Critical.　　　　　　 B．Indifferent. C．Sceptical. D．Positive. D　解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“This is a convincing systematic review of existing research”可知，莉安娜·温博士认为这项研究是令人信服的，所以她对此持积极态度。 B (2026·大同高二检测)Running is often tiring and a lot of hard work, but nothing beats the feeling you get after finishing a long workout around the track. But while it's long been believed that endorphins (内啡肽)—chemicals in the body that cause happiness—are behind the so-called “runner's high”， a study suggested that there may be more to this phenomenon than we previously knew. According to a recent study published by a group of scientists from several German universities, a group of chemicals called endocannabinoids (内源性大麻素) may actually be responsible for this familiar great feeling. To test this theory, the scientists turned to mice.Both mice and humans release high levels of endorphins and endocannabinoids after exercise.After exercising on running wheels, the mice seemed happy and relaxed and displayed no signs of anxiety.But after being given a drug to block their endorphins, the mice's behavior didn't seem to change.However, when their endocannabinoids were blocked with a different drug, their runners' high symptoms seemed to fade. “The long-held notion of endorphins being responsible for the runner's high is false.Endorphins are effective pain relievers, but only when it comes to the pain in your body and muscles you feel after working out，” Patrick Lucas Austin wrote on science blog Lifehacker. Similar studies are yet to be carried out on humans, but it's already known that exercise is a highly effective way to get rid of stress or anxiety.The UK's National Health Service even prescribes (开药方) exercise to patients who are suffering from depression.“Being depressed can leave you feeling low in energy, which might put you off being more active.Regular exercise can improve your mood if you have depression, and it's especially useful for people with mild to moderate (中等的) depression，” it wrote on its website. It seems like nothing can beat that feeling we get after a good workout, even if we don't fully understand where it comes from.At least if we're feeling down, we know that all we have to do is to put on our running shoes. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，内源性大麻素可能是跑步后产生愉悦感的真正原因。 5．What did scientists from German universities recently discover? A．The runner's high could be caused by endocannabinoids. B．Working out is a highly effective way to treat depression. C．Endorphins may contribute to one's high spirits after running. D．The level of endorphins and endocannabinoids could affect one's mood. A　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，德国科学家发现跑步后的愉悦感可能是由内源性大麻素引起的。 6．Why did the scientists give mice drugs in their experiment? A．To find what reduces the runner's high symptoms. B．To identify what is responsible for the runner's high. C．To see the specific symptoms of the runner's high. D．To test what influences the level of endocannabinoids released. B　解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“To test this theory, the scientists turned to mice.”可知，科学家们在实验中给老鼠服用药物的目的是找出跑步后产生愉悦感的原因。 7．What does the underlined word “notion” in paragraph 5 mean? A．Effect.　　　　　　 B．Goal. C．Question. D．Opinion. D　解析：词义猜测题。根据第五段中的“The long-held notion of endorphins being responsible for the runner's high is false.”可知，长期以来，人们一直认为内啡肽是跑步后产生愉悦感的原因，这种观点是错误的。画线处意为“观念”。 8．What can we know about regular workouts according to the UK's National Health Service? A．They are the best way to treat depression. B．They can help ease depression symptoms. C．They only work for those with serious depression. D．They can help people completely recover from depression. B　解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Regular exercise can improve...useful for people with mild to moderate depression”可知，定期锻炼身体可以帮助缓解抑郁症状。 Ⅱ.七选五 (2026·黑龙江高二期中)Basketball is a team sport which requires excellent cooperation and teamwork among teammates.A good pass is very important in the basketball game.The pass is the action of moving the ball to create scoring opportunities. 1.____ The following are some ways of doing that. The chest pass is a quick and accurate pass from the chest of the passer to the receiver. 2.____ You should extend your arms in a quick motion to pass the ball with palms (手掌) facing outwards and thumbs facing the player you passed to.This is called follow-through (随球动作). 3．____ It is relatively easy to steal, but an effective way of starting a fast break (快攻).Place your hands on both sides of the ball and bring the ball behind your head.Use your upper body strength to make the pass and follow-through. In a bounce pass, the ball is bounced from the floor before reaching the receiver of the pass.The ball should bounce from that spot to arrive at your receiver above the knees and below the chest. 4.____ A baseball pass is best used for long distance passes. 5.____ But it is especially useful during fast breaks.Place the ball high above your head with your passing hand behind it and the other under the ball.Throw the ball with an overhand arm thrust (猛推). Practice these passes and you are sure to become an offensive threat on the court. A．Power comes from the legs. B．It sacrifices accuracy because of the distance. C．The audience will cheer for the team with enthusiasm. D．In other words, the ball should arrive at the receiver's waist. E．It is the most effective pass and fastest way to move the ball. F．An overhead pass is a pass thrown with both hands over your head. G．An effective pass is a combination of good timing, speed and accuracy. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了篮球运动中的几种传球技巧。 1．G　解析：上文提到传球对于创造得分机会很重要，下文具体介绍了几种传球方式。G项承上启下，进一步阐述了构成有效传球的要素，引出下文具体介绍不同的传球方式。 2．E　解析：上文介绍了胸前传球的传球方式。E项承接上文，介绍其优势，且E项中的fastest way与上文中的quick相呼应。 3．F　解析：本段围绕头顶传球展开，F项介绍头顶传球的传球方式，引出下文对头顶传球的详细介绍。 4．D　解析：上文提到击地传球时球要弹起并到达接球者膝盖以上、胸部以下的位置。D项进一步明确了击地传球时球到达的理想位置，且D项中的waist与上文中的“above the knees and below the chest”相呼应。 5．B　解析：上文提到棒球式传球适用于长距离传球，下文接着说但是它在快攻时特别有用。B项承接上文，补充说明了长距离传球的一个弊端，与下文构成转折关系，进一步完善了对棒球式传球特点的介绍。B项中的because of the distance和上文中的long distance相呼应。 Ⅲ.完形填空 (2026·金华高二检测)Margaret Thompson and her husband, Kenneth, stretched their legs together on walking holidays in Switzerland.In Interlaken, they would head up the mountain and watch the paragliders (滑翔伞运动员) 1 themselves into the sky.Back in town, in a large park, they watched them return to the 2 ．“Some day I'd love to do that，” Thompson told Kenneth. But there was always so much to do in Interlaken. 3 ， Thompson didn't know if Kenneth would have 4 it.“He was not so keen on heights as I was，” she said.So she 5 to watch the gliders take flight and land. Eleven years after Kenneth died, Thompson 6 took to the skies herself, in a paraglider at the age of 80.Although some people get scared while flying, she said she just feels 7 .Thompson did her second paraglide when she turned 81. Thompson asked the organizers about the age 8 for paragliding.They said, “Any age, as long as you're 9 ．” Thompson, now 86, plans her third flight for her 90th birthday. Thompson 10 living above her parents' shop in Belfast.At 18, she helped in the shop while 11 for her music diplomas (文凭) in Stranmillis, south Belfast.She started to 12 piano to local children, and at the height of her teaching she gave 70 13 a week.She still has 11 pupils on her books. Is she scared of getting older? “Fear? No.People say, ‘Isn't getting old 14 ？’ I say, ‘No.You are free to do more things that you want to do，’” Thompson said. “People might worry about falling, it being the end of them.But that doesn't 15 me at all.When it's your time, it's your time.No matter where you are.” Thompson added. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了玛格丽特·汤普森在丈夫去世后，勇敢地尝试了滑翔伞运动的故事，并分享了她对年龄和生活的看法。 1．A．launch　　　　　　 　 B．move C．push D．pull A　解析：根据下文可知，此处指的是滑翔伞运动员们自己飞上天空。launch意为“投掷；用力扔出”。 2．A．space B．ocean C．earth D．sky C　解析：根据上文并结合常识可知，滑翔伞运动员飞上天空，之后返回地面(earth)。 3．A．Therefore B．Besides C．However D．Instead B　解析：根据上文可知，汤普森一直没能去滑翔是因为总是有太多的事情要做。此外(besides)，她不知道肯尼斯对滑翔伞运动的态度。 4．A．cared B．enjoyed C．remembered D．needed B　解析：根据下文“He was not so keen on heights as I was”可知，肯尼斯不像汤普森那么热衷于飞行，所以汤普森不知道肯尼斯是否喜欢(enjoy)滑翔伞运动。 5．A．pretended B．determined C．continued D．tried C　解析：根据上文“‘Some day I'd love to do that，’ Thompson told Kenneth.”和“But there was always...she said.”可知，因为各种原因，汤普森一直没有尝试滑翔伞，所以她只能继续(continue)看着别人的滑翔伞起飞和降落。 6．A．quietly B．immediately C．patiently D．finally D　解析：根据上文可知， 汤普森一直想尝试滑翔伞运动，在丈夫去世11年后，她终于(finally)实现了自己的愿望。 7．A．safe B．free C．lucky D．ready B　解析：根据上文“Although some people...she just feels”可知，别人感到害怕，但是她感到自由(free)。 8．A．standard B．difference C．group D．limit D　解析：根据下文Any age可知，这里应该指的是年龄限制(limit)。 9．A．fit B．full C．brave D．calm A　解析：根据语境并结合常识可知， 滑翔伞运动不限制年龄， 只要健康(fit)就可以参加。 10．A．settled down B．grew up C．went on D．turned up B　解析：根据下文“At 18, she helped in the shop”可知，商店是汤普森长大(grow up)的地方。 11．A．writing B．acting C．studying D．searching C　解析：根据下文“for her music diplomas in Stranmillis”可知，她为了获得音乐文凭在那里的音乐学校学习(study)。 12．A．teach B．offer C．sell D．show A　解析：根据下文“at the height of her teaching”和“She still has 11 pupils on her books.”可知，汤普森一直都在教(teach)钢琴。 13．A．skills B．tasks C．lessons D．performances C　解析：根据上文“at the height of her teaching”可知，她在教学的高峰期每周上70节课(lesson)。 14．A．necessary B．possible C．harmful D．awful D　解析：根据下文“You are free to do more things that you want to do”可知，人们询问汤普森变老是不是可怕的(awful)事情。 15．A．annoy B．bother C．control D．surprise B　解析：根据下文“When it's your time, it's your time.No matter where you are.”可知，汤普森认为死亡并不会困扰(bother)到她。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $