Unit1 Period 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas-【优学精讲】2026-2027学年高中英语选择性必修一同步教参（外研版）

本讲义聚焦情绪与娱乐主题，系统梳理核心词汇（如mood, amusement, entertain）及其派生词、短语（cheer up, in pain），解析非限制性定语从句、强调句型等语法结构，结合阅读理解题培养主旨与细节理解能力，构建从词汇拓展到语篇应用的完整学习支架。 资料以“小丑医生”情境串联教学，通过词汇网络（如mood-moody, amuse-amusement）提升语言能力，阅读理解题分析工作意义培养思维品质，练习题（句型填空、词块运用）助力学习能力。课中辅助情境化授课，课后帮助学生查漏补缺，强化知识应用。

mood n．心情 [派生词]　moody adj.情绪多变的；喜怒无常的 circus n．马戏团 amusement n．娱乐，消遣 amuse vt.(使)娱乐；(提供)消遣；逗笑；逗乐 [派生词]　amused adj.愉快的；觉得好笑的 amusing adj.逗人发笑的；好笑的，有趣的 [短语]　amusement park 游乐场 spot v．发现，注意到，看出；看见(spotted，spotted)　n．斑点；地点，处所 [派生词]　spotted adj.有圆点装饰的；有斑点的 ankle n．脚踝 [短语]　twist/break one's ankle 扭伤/摔断脚踝 in pain 疼痛地；处于痛苦中 clown n．小丑 do a great job 做得很好，表现出色 entertain v．使快乐 [派生词]　entertainment n．娱乐；招待，款待 entertaining adj.有趣的；令人愉快的 health care 医疗保健 cheer up (使)高兴起来，(使)振作起来 [派生词]　cheerful adj.快乐的，高兴的，兴高采烈的 more often than not 通常，往往，大多数情况下 work closely with与……紧密合作/共同完成工作任务 do the trick 奏效，达到预期效果 examine v．检查(身体)；考查；测验 [派生词]　examination n．调查；考查；考试；检查 [短语]　take an examination参加考试 a medical examination 体检 advertisement n．广告 advertise v．为……做广告，登广告 [派生词]　advertiser n．广告商；广告公司 advertising n．广告业 [近义词]　commercial [短语]　advertise for征聘……，登广告征求…… put an advertisement in a newspaper在报纸上登广告 employer n．雇用者，雇主 employ v．雇用；利用(时间、精力等) [派生词]　employee n．雇员，员工 employment n．雇用；利用；工作，就业 [反义词]　unemployment n．失业(状态) essential adj.极其重要的，必不可少的 [短语]　be essential for/to...对……来说必不可少 it is essential to do sth.做某事是有必要的 it is essential that...(should) do sth. ……(应该)做某事是有必要的 impress v．使钦佩，使留下深刻印象 [派生词]　impression n．印象；感想 impressive adj.令人钦佩的，令人赞叹的 [短语]　first impression第一印象 grin v．露齿而笑，咧着嘴笑 [短语]　grin from ear to ear 笑得合不拢嘴；笑容满面 deserve v．应得，应受到 [派生词]　deserving adj.值得的；应得的 long face 愁眉苦脸 laughing stock 笑料，笑柄 crack a smile 笑了起来 practical joke 恶作剧 fame n．名声，名誉 [同义词]　celebrity/reputation [短语]　acquire/win/achieve/gain fame获得名声 rise to fame成名 literary adj.文学的 [派生词]　literature n．文学；文献；著作 literacy n．读写能力；(某个领域的)知识；素养 tale n．故事；叙述 [短语]　a fairy/folk tale 童话/民间故事 tell the tales of one's experience 讲述某人的经历 consistently adv.一贯地，一致地 consistent adj.始终如一的，一贯的；持续的，连续的；一致的；符合的 [短语]　be consistent with与……一致，相符合 optimism n．乐观；乐观主义 [派生词]　optimistic adj.乐观的；乐观主义的 optimist n．乐观主义者；乐观的人 [反义词]　pessimism n．悲观，悲观主义 [短语]　be optimistic about对……持乐观态度 throw light on 使(问题等)较容易理解；使(某事)显得非常清楚；阐明 emotive adj.使情绪激动的 emotion n．情感；情绪 [派生词]　emotional adj.情感的，情绪的；易激动的 witty adj.说话风趣的；妙趣横生的 wit n．智慧；才智；智力 remark n．言论；意见，评论；引人注目，显耀 vt.& vi.谈论，评论 [派生词]　remarkable adj.非凡的；显著的 [同义词]　comment interaction n．交流，沟通；合作；相互影响，相互作用 interact v．交流，互动 [派生词]　interactive adj.交互式的；互动的 [短语]　face-to-face interaction 面对面的交流 barber n．男理发师 [短语]　go to the barber's 去理发店；去理发 shave n．& v．刮脸，刮胡子 [派生词]　shaver n．剃须刀 fellow n．男人；家伙　adj.同事的；同伴的 brand n．品牌，牌子；类型 [短语]　a brand name 商标 brand new 全新的；崭新的 brand of ……的特定风格/类型 brand of humour 某种类型的幽默 essay n．短文，论说文；文章 conclude v．作出……结论，推断出；结束，终止；断定 [派生词]　conclusion n．结论，推论 flatter v．奉承，讨好 gentle adj.和蔼友善的，温和的，温柔的 [派生词]　gently adv.温和地；轻柔地 gentleness n．温和；和(平)缓；柔和 [合成词]　gentleman n．绅士 podium n．表演台，讲台 illuminate v．照亮，照明 complicated adj.难处理的；难懂的 complicate v．使复杂化 [反义词]　uncomplicated adj.不复杂的，简单的；单纯的 [同义词]　complex cruel adj.残忍的 [派生词]　cruelty n．残忍，残酷 cruelly adv.残忍地；残酷地 [短语]　be cruel to...对……残忍/残酷 enthusiasm n．热情，热忱 [派生词]　enthusiastic adj.热情的；热心的，热衷的；狂热的 enthusiastically adv.热心地；满腔热情地 [同义词]　passion　[短语]　with enthusiasm热情地 composer n．作曲家 compose v．作曲；创作；组成，构成 [派生词]　composition n．成分；作品；作文 fall behind 不能按时完成(工作)；落后 [Types of shows] circus show 　　　　马戏表演 talk show 脱口秀 sitcom n. 情景喜剧 cross talk 相声 stand-up n. 单口相声 sketch n. 小品 [Types of laughter] give a faint smile 微微一笑 be all smiles 笑容满面 beam with pleasure 喜笑颜开 smile sweetly 　　　　　　嫣然一笑 smile broadly 开怀大笑 explode with laughter 捧腹大笑 roars of laughter 哄堂大笑 rock/shake with laughter 笑得前仰后合 brighten up 变开心；(使)增添乐趣； 有希望 relieve pain and stress 缓解痛苦和压力 lift one's spirits 使某人感到开心 have a positive attitude towards life 拥有积极的人生态度 话 题 佳 句 1.Laughter is the sun that drives winter from the human face. 笑声如阳光，驱走人们脸上的寒意。 2.Humour plays an important part in our everyday communication with others. 幽默在我们与他人的日常交流中起着重要作用。 3.Living and working with others can sometimes be complicated, but humour can make it easier. 与他人一起生活和工作有时候很复杂，但幽默可以让这件事变得简单一些。 Period 1　Starting out & Understanding ideas What does the passage mainly talk about? A．Why a clown doctor is so funny. B．A little girl whose ankle is injured. C．What a clown doctor does in the hospital. D．A clown doctor isn't satisfied with his job. 答案：C 1．What is the atmosphere usually like in a hospital? A．Relaxing and comfortable. B．Boring and stressful. C．Pleasant and frightening. D．Scary and nervous. 2．What made Larry become a clown doctor? A．His love for the performances of the clowns. B．His boyhood experience of going to hospital. C．Lara's being injured while she rode her bicycle. D．Seeing so many children crying in the hospital. 3．How does Larry prove the importance of clown doctors' work? A．By listing figures. B．By giving an example. C．By giving instructions. D．By making comparison. 4．What can we know from this passage? A．Laughter can help a lot during treatment. B．Amusement functions better than medicines. C．Hospital staff all think highly of clown doctors. D．Clown doctors have become increasingly popular. 答案：1～4.BBBA 1．People sit uncomfortably on plastic chairs, looking through old magazines, all of which have been read hundreds of times previously.(Para.1) [分析]　本句为主从复合句。“looking through old magazines”为现在分词短语作伴随状语；“all of which...previously”为非限制性定语从句，修饰old magazines。 [翻译]　人们别扭地坐在塑料椅子上，翻阅着之前已经被读过几百次的旧杂志。 2．I speak with the on-duty nurse, who tells me that Lara's parents rushed her to the hospital after she fell off her bicycle.(Para.2) [分析]　本句为主从复合句。“who tells...her bicycle”为非限制性定语从句，修饰the on-duty nurse，在此定语从句中“that Lara's parents...her bicycle”为that引导的宾语从句，其中after引导时间状语从句。 [翻译]　我和值班护士交谈时她告诉我，劳拉从自行车上摔下来后，她的父母急忙把她送到了医院。 3．Scientific studies show that laughter produces chemicals to make people feel better, which means clown doctors can be helpful.(Para.3) [分析]　本句为主从复合句。“that laughter produces...feel better”为that引导的宾语从句；“which means...helpful”为非限制性定语 从句，修饰前面整个句子，在此从句中，“clown doctors can be helpful”为省略了引导词that的宾语从句。 [翻译]　科学研究表明，笑会产生让人感觉更好的化学物质，这意味着小丑医生是能有所帮助的。 Ⅰ.核心词汇·练通 根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词 1．spot my friend in the crowd　 在人群中看见我的 朋友 2．break one's ankle 摔断脚踝 Ⅱ.拓展词汇·用活 根据提示写出相应的单词 1．mood n．心情→moody adj.情绪多变的；喜怒无常的 2．amusement n．娱乐，消遣→amuse v．(使)娱乐；逗笑；逗乐→amusing adj.逗人发笑的，好笑的，有趣的→amused adj.愉快的；觉得好笑的 3．entertain v．使快乐→entertaining adj.有趣的；令人愉快的→entertainment n．娱乐；招待，款待 4．examine v．检查(身体)→examination n．调查；考查；考试；检查 5．advertisement n．广告→advertise v．(为……)做广告→advertiser n．广告商→advertising n．广告业 6．employer n．雇用者，雇主→employ vt.雇用；利用(时间、精力等)→employee n．员工→employment n．雇用；利用；工作，就业 Ⅲ.重点短语·再现 根据语境及汉语提示填入合适的短语 1．The injured boy was crying out in pain(疼痛地) on the ground, clutching his leg and begging for help. 2．She did a great job (表现出色) finishing the marathon in under 4 hours—this was her first time that she had run such a long distance! 3．I know you didn't pass the English test, but cheer up(振作起来)—you've been studying hard, and next time you'll do better. 4．More often than not(通常), consistent practice is the key to mastering a new language. 5．To ensure the project's success, we need to work closely with(与……密切合作) our team members, sharing ideas and providing mutual support throughout the process. 6．I was worried about the language barrier, but learning a few basic phrases like “hello” and “thank you” did the trick(奏效). Ⅳ.重点句型·呈现 根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子 1．倍数表达 In the middle of this particular scene I spot a small girl whose ankle is twice its normal size(她的脚踝肿成正常的两倍那么大).(Para.2) 2．强调句型 Although it's the doctors and nurses who will treat her injury(为她疗伤的是医生和护士), it's my job to make her feel better.(Para.2) 3．动词-ing形式作主语 Being a clown doctor(当一名小丑医生) means I can help people by entertaining them.(Para.3) 4．keep＋宾语＋宾语补足语 We have to be very sensitive and work closely with the doctors and nurses, who keep us updated on each patient(让我们了解每个病人的最新情况).(Para.4) 5．强调谓语动词：do/does/did＋动词原形 And my magic medicine does indeed seem to do the trick(似乎确实奏效了).(Para.5) 　　mood n.心情；心境；情绪；氛围 【经典例句】 ①(教材P1)Lift the mood with a joke and explore the area. 用一个笑话来提振情绪并探索该区域。 ②(译林选必一U1)No matter how bad my mood is，that perfect combination is always enough to lift my spirits. 无论我的心情有多糟，那种完美的组合总是足以让我心情舒畅。 (1)in a good/bad mood　 心情好/坏 put sb.in a good/bad mood 使某人心情好/坏 be/feel in the mood for sth./to do sth. 有心情做某事 be/feel in no mood for sth./to do sth. 没有心情做某事 improve one's mood 改善某人的情绪 (2)moody adj. 情绪多变的；喜怒无常的 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 (1)Hearing that she had been admitted into a key university, Jane was in such a good mood that she almost jumped up.[读后续写之情绪描写] (2)He's been so moody(mood) lately; one minute he's laughing, the next he's crying over nothing.[读后续写之人物描写] (3)她没有通过口语测试；她如此沮丧以至于没有心情做任何事情，只是在房间里哭泣。 She didn't pass the oral test；she was so depressed that she was/felt in no mood to do anything, just weeping in her room.[读后续写之情绪描写] 　　amusement n.[U]娱乐，消遣；可笑；愉悦； [C]娱乐活动；游戏；消遣活动 【经典例句】 (人教选必一U3)As you wander around the fantasy amusement park, you may see Snow White or Mickey Mouse in a parade or even on the street. 当你漫步在梦幻的游乐园时，你可能会在游行的队伍里甚至在街上看到白雪公主或米老鼠。 (1)with/in amusement　 愉快地 to one's amusement 令某人感到好笑的是 (2)amuse vt. 逗笑；(使)娱乐 amuse oneself (by doing sth.) (通过做某事)自娱自乐 (3)amused adj. 愉快的；觉得好笑的； 被逗乐的 be amused at/by... 觉得……好笑；被……逗笑 (4)amusing adj. 逗人发笑的，好笑的；有趣的 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 (1)The comedy is amusing and full of humour, which not only amuses the adults but makes the children amused．(amuse) (2)当小女孩看到小丑穿着超大鞋子抛接彩球时，她立即被小丑笨拙却有趣的表演逗乐了。 When the little girl saw the clown juggle colourful balls while wearing oversized shoes, she was immediately amused by his clumsy yet interesting performance. (3)让她感到好笑的是，她的小弟弟打扮成超级英雄，试图从沙发上“飞”下来。 To her amusement, her little brother dressed up as a superhero and tried to fly off the couch. 　　spot v.发现，注意到，看出 n.斑点；污点；地点，处所 【经典例句】 (教材P2)In the middle of this particular scene I spot a small girl whose ankle is twice its normal size. 就在这样特殊的场景里，我看到一个小女孩，她的脚踝肿成正常的两倍那么大。 (1)spot sb. doing sth. 发现某人正在做某事 (2)on the spot 当场，马上；在现场 (3)spotted adj. 有斑点的；有圆点装饰的 be spotted with... 满是……斑点；点缀着…… 【单句语法填空/补全句子/完成句子】 (1)From the corner of my eye, I spotted my friend waving (wave) at me from across the street. (2)Hikers love that mountain spot where you can see three different villages in the distance. (3)Not only will all kinds of paper-cutting works be on display, but the craftsmen will also show their skills to visitors on the spot(在现场)．[应用文写作之活动介绍] (4)我们躺在草地上，凝视着繁星点点的夜空。 We lay on the grass, staring at the night sky (which was) spotted with twinkling stars．[读后续写之场景描写] spot意为“地点、场所”，用作定语从句的先行词时，从句若缺少状语，应用where引导定语从句。 　　entertain v.使快乐；娱乐；招待，款待 【经典例句】 (教材P3)Being a clown doctor means I can help people by entertaining them. 当一名小丑医生意味着我可以通过逗人们开心来帮助他们。 (1)entertain sb.with sth.　 用某事/某物使某人快 乐 entertain sb.to sth.　 用某物款待某人 (2)entertainment n. 娱乐；娱乐活动； 文娱节目；招待，款待 to one's entertainment 令某人高兴的是 (3)entertaining adj. 有趣的；令人愉快的 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 (1)(2025·新高考全国卷Ⅰ) TV is there for entertainment(entertain). If you want an education, you go to university or college or something, don't you? (2)Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories to make your travel easy and enjoyable. (3)I found the book quite entertaining (entertain); it had a lot of unexpected twists and turns. (4)令我非常高兴的是，这个友善的家庭为我准备了一顿美味的家常晚餐，他们的真诚好客以及友好的氛围温暖了我的心。 Much to my entertainment, the kind family entertained me to a delicious homemade dinner, which warmed my heart with their genuine hospitality and friendly atmosphere.[读后续写之情绪描写] 　　cheer up (使)高兴起来，(使)振作起来 【经典例句】 ①(教材P3)On a typical day，we spend our time cheering up patients, their families, and more often than not, the hospital staff, too! 平日里，我们通常把时间花在为病人、他们的家人以及医院工作人员打气上！ ②(译林选必一U3)At first sight, the overall scene of life in the capital city appears peaceful and cheerful. 乍一看，首都整体的生活景象平和且欢快。 (1)cheer on　　　 (在比赛中)以喝彩声鼓励某人； 为某人加油 (2)cheerful adj. 快乐的，高兴的，兴高采烈的 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 (1)(2025·新高考全国卷Ⅰ) Catherine always has a huge smile on her face，which always puts me in a cheerful(cheer) mood. (2) When I was about to stop running and quit the race, I heard the whole class cheering me on, which gave me great strength to continue. (3) 正是老师的鼓励让玛丽振作起来，她的脸上洋溢着喜悦，展现出一种想要做得更好的决心。 It was the teacher's encouragement that cheered Mary up, and her face lit up with joy, showing a sense of determination to do better. (强调句型)[读后续写之情绪描写] 　　keep＋宾语＋宾语补足语　 【经典例句】 (教材P4)We have to be very sensitive and work closely with the doctors and nurses, who keep us updated on each patient. 我们必须非常善解人意，并与医生和护士密切合作，他们让我们了解每个病人的最新情况。 句中的keep us updated为“keep＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，意为“使……继续处于某种状态”，keep为使役动词。该结构常见形式： (1)keep＋宾语＋名词/形容词/副词/介词短语； (2)keep＋宾语＋现在分词； (3)keep＋宾语＋过去分词。 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 (1)(译林选必三U2) From the very early days of human life on the Earth, our curiosity about the unknown has kept us adventuring (adventure) into new places. (2)(北师大必修一U1)I like reading books of all kinds. I have a top 10 reading list and I try to keep it updated(update). (3) (人教选必三U4)我们的纪律和团队精神使得我们保持乐观， 并帮助我们积极且成功地应对恐惧。 Our discipline and team spirit kept us optimistic and helped us deal with our fears in a positive and successful way. I'm a specially 1.trained(train) clown doctor whose job is to cheer up patients, their families and the hospital staff 2.by doing magic tricks, singing songs and telling stories and silly jokes. I 3.chose(choose) this career because I once went to hospital when I was a kid, and I spent much of my time there feeling frightened and more than a little bored. So I think being a clown doctor can help people by entertaining them. On a typical day, 4.wearing(wear) a white coat, my curly rainbow wig and a big red nose, I walk into the waiting room, where there is a familiar atmosphere of 5.boredom(bore) and tension. There, I spot a little girl called Lara, 6.whose ankle has got injured and is twice its normal size. The doctors and nurses are treating her injury. 7.To get (get) her attention, I begin to do a magic trick, which has made her scared and anxious look replaced with loud laughter. Seeing their daughter so much happier has in turn made Lara's parents more 8.relaxed (relax). I hope clown doctors can help make the hospital 9.a friendlier place to visit. After all, 10.it is true that “laughter is the best medicine”． Ⅰ.品句填词 1．We watched the local street performers with great amusement(消遣)—their magic tricks were amazing! 2．This advertisement is designed to attract the attention of potential customers by highlighting the unique features and benefits of our new product. 3．Our every emotion and mood(情绪) can be conveyed precisely with the use of facial expressions and body language. 4．While hiking in the mountains, we spotted(看见) a rare bird with bright blue feathers. 5．Our tour guide entertained us with tea and snacks while sharing stories about the ancient city. Ⅱ.词块运用 1．My little sister told me a joke she'd heard at school to cheer me up(让我振作起来) after I lost the basketball game. 2．More often than not(通常), a simple “hello” and a smile are enough to break the language barrier when people travel abroad. 3．I couldn't remember the English word, so writing it down several times and using it in a sentence did the trick(奏效). 4．The student did a great job(做得很好) presenting her research on global travel trends—her slides were clear and her speech was confident. 5．He pulled a muscle during the basketball game and was in pain(疼痛地), so he had to sit out the rest of the match. Ⅲ.根据汉语提示并使用本部分句式结构完成下面的小短文 Jack works as a clown doctor who visits hospitals and other health care facilities on a weekly basis.1.Entertaining young patients and cheering up their families(逗乐年轻患者并让他们的家人高兴起来；动词-ing形式作主语) are his main responsibilities. He works hard to ease the patients' tension and 2.keep them positive and delighted(让他们保持积极和愉快；keep＋宾语＋宾语补足语). 3．It is his hard work and efforts that make hospitals happier places(正是他的辛勤工作和努力使医院成为更快乐的地方；强调句型).As far as I am concerned, he, just as those professional doctors, 4.does deserve our respect and admiration(的确值得我们的尊敬和钦佩；强调谓语动词). 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $