Units 5～6高频考点+语法+练习题 2026-2027学年人教版英语九年级上册

该初中英语期末复习讲义聚焦九年级上册Units 5~6，系统梳理一般现在时、过去时、将来时被动语态，发明与太空探索主题核心词汇短语，以及发明介绍、太空梦想写作任务，构建“考情分析—知识梳理—分层实战”的递进式学习支架。 清单以“高频考点星级标注”“核心知识点教材原句+典例”呈现知识体系，如被动语态按时态分类并配易错警示，be made of/from通过教材例句对比语义，培养学生语言能力与思维品质。写作指导提供三段式提纲与范文，分层实战覆盖多样题型，助力学生自主复习，教师精准教学。

专题03 Units 5~6（期末复习讲义）九年级上册 内 容 导 航 考情透视·目标导航 透析期末考向，锚定备考重心 知识梳理·方法技巧 梳理核心脉络，扫除知识盲区 考场练兵·分层实战 阶梯实战演练，验收复习成效 ❯❯❯考情透视·目标导航❮❮❮ 1. 复习目标 类别 具体内容 复习重点 1 掌握一般现在时、一般过去时和一般将来时的被动语态； 2 掌握发明、材料、制作过程和太空探索主题的核心词汇与短语； 3 能使用 be used for/to、be made of/from、lead to/result in 等结构说明发明用途与影响； 4 能写发明介绍和个人太空梦想。 复习难点 1 根据时间标志正确选择被动语态时态； 2 区分 be made of 与 be made from 的语义； 3 掌握 It is hoped/believed that... 等客观表达； 4 过程说明中做到顺序清楚、动词形式准确。 2. 高频考点速览 高频考点 考查形式 建议掌握度 一般现在时被动语态 单选、语法填空 ★★★★★ 一般过去时被动语态 单选、句型转换 ★★★★★ 一般将来时被动语态 单选、改写 ★★★★★ can be + 过去分词 完成句子、阅读 ★★★★☆ be used for / to 单选、写作 ★★★★☆ be made of / from 单选、完形 ★★★★☆ lead to / result in / responsible for 词汇运用、阅读 ★★★★☆ It is hoped/believed that... 完成句子、写作 ★★★★☆ 3. 考情规律 题型 考察内容 词汇运用 围绕 inventions、materials、space exploration 考动词词形与固定搭配。 语法填空/句型转换 三种时态的被动语态是绝对核心，常由时间状语决定 be 的形式。 完形/阅读理解 高频语篇为发明过程、科技影响、航天任务与探索意义。 书面表达 常写“一项重要发明”或“My Space Dream”。 ❯❯❯知识梳理·方法技巧❮❮❮ 【单元思维导图】 【单元思维导图】 ▶核心知识点1：一般现在时被动语态：am/is/are + done 教材原句： A mini-camera is connected to the front of the glasses. 译文：一个微型摄像头连接在眼镜前面。 The oil and salt are also added by the machine itself. 译文：油和盐也由机器自动加入。 用法 当主语是动作的承受者时使用被动语态。 一般现在时：am/is/are + 过去分词。 易错警示： be 动词要和主语在人称、数上保持一致。 典例 Words ______ into sound by the special glasses. A. turn B. are turned C. turned D. were turning 答案：B 解析：描述装置的一般功能，且 words 是动作承受者，用一般现在时被动 are turned。 ▶核心知识点2：一般过去时被动语态：was/were + done 教材原句： A radio message was sent across the Atlantic Ocean for the first time in 1901. 译文：1901年，一条无线电信息首次跨越大西洋发送。 The Qinghai-Xizang Railway was completed in 2006. 译文：青藏铁路于2006年建成。 用法 一般过去时被动语态：was/were + 过去分词。 常和 in 1901、in 2006 等明确过去时间连用。 易错警示： 主语为复数时用 were。 典例 The telephone ______ by Alexander Bell in 1876. A. invents B. invented C. was invented D. is invented 答案：C 解析：1876 是明确过去时间，telephone 是“被发明”，用 was invented。 ▶核心知识点3：情态动词 + 被动：can be + done 教材原句： Toys, chairs, tables, and even houses can all be made by the 3D printer. 译文：玩具、椅子、桌子甚至房屋都可以由3D打印机制造。 用法 情态动词 can 后接 be + 过去分词构成被动。 本册教材在这里重点呈现 can + be + done。 易错警示： 情态动词后 be 用原形，不能写 can is made。 典例 Many useful objects can ______ by a 3D printer. A. make B. be made C. made D. be making 答案：B 解析：主语 objects 是动作承受者，情态动词后用 be made。 ▶核心知识点4：be used for / be used to do：说明用途 教材原句： What can the two inventions be used for? 译文：这两项发明可以用来做什么？ They’re for people who can’t see well. 译文：它们是为视力不好的人设计的。 用法 be used for + 名词/动名词；be used to do + 动词原形，都可说明“被用来……”。 在发明介绍写作中可用 What is it used for? 组织用途信息。 易错警示： 不要把 be used to do（被用来做）和 used to do（过去常常）混淆。 典例 The special glasses can be used ______ reading and watching TV. A. for B. to C. of D. from 答案：A 解析：后接名词/动名词 reading，用 be used for。 ▶核心知识点5：be made of / be made from：材料是否看得出原形 教材原句： What material are these things made of? 译文：这些东西是由什么材料制成的？ There was also a very early form of paper made from jute. 译文：还有一种很早期的纸是由黄麻纤维制成的。 用法 be made of 常表示成品中仍能看出原材料；be made from 常表示原材料经过变化后不易辨认。 教材以“东西由什么材料制成”和“纸由黄麻制成”呈现两类表达。 易错警示： 具体判断以语义为准，不只看名词。 典例 Paper can be made ______ plant fibres. A. of B. from C. by D. with to 答案：B 解析：纸的原料纤维经过加工形成纸，常用 be made from。 ▶核心知识点6：First / Then / Next / Finally：说明制作过程 教材原句： First, the object is designed on the computer. 译文：首先，在电脑上设计物体。 Then, a file is created and sent to the 3D printer. 译文：然后，生成文件并发送给3D打印机。 Finally, the object is produced by building up plastic. 译文：最后，通过逐层堆叠塑料制成物体。 用法 过程说明文要用顺序词标明步骤，教材高频为 First, Then, Next, Finally。 步骤中的对象通常是动作承受者，因此被动语态非常常见。 易错警示： 顺序词要与真实过程对应，不要前后跳跃。 典例 ______ the liquid was poured over a bamboo screen; finally, the fibre was dried and pressed. A. Next B. Because C. Although D. Before 答案：A 解析：句子在描述连续制作步骤，应用顺序词 Next。 ▶核心知识点7：be responsible for / lead to / result in：说明发明影响 教材原句： Papermaking was responsible for the rapid spread of information. 译文：造纸术促进了信息的快速传播。 This resulted in a new birth of knowledge. 译文：这带来了知识的新生。 用法 be responsible for sth 在教材语境中表示“是……的原因；促成……”。 lead to 和 result in 都表示“导致；造成”，后接名词或动名词。 易错警示： lead to / result in 中 to/in 均为介词结构的一部分，后面不接动词原形。 典例 The use of paper and printing together ______ a rapid increase in the number of books. A. led to B. looked up to C. took part in D. was used to 答案：A 解析：语义是“导致书籍数量快速增加”，用 led to。 ▶核心知识点8：speed up / rapidly / widely：描述传播与发展 教材原句： The papermaking technique not only speeded up the development of Chinese culture, but also changed civilizations around the world. 译文：造纸术不仅加速了中华文化的发展，也改变了世界文明。 Sticky notes gradually became popular and now are widely used all over the world. 译文：便利贴逐渐流行，如今在世界各地被广泛使用。 用法 speed up 表示“（使）加速”；rapidly 是副词“快速地”；widely 是“广泛地”。 描述发明影响时常与 spread, development, use 等搭配。 易错警示： wide 是形容词“宽的”，widely 才表示“广泛地”。 典例 The new technology is now ______ used in many countries. A. wide B. widely C. width D. widen 答案：B 解析：修饰过去分词 used 需要副词 widely。 ▶核心知识点9：一般将来时被动语态：will be + done 教材原句： More astronauts will be sent there. 译文：更多宇航员将被送往那里。 A new home for us human beings will be needed. 译文：人类将需要一个新的家园。 用法 一般将来时被动语态：will be + 过去分词。 疑问式：Will + 主语 + be + done...?；否定式：will not be + done。 易错警示： 不要漏写 be。 典例 More satellites ______ in space in the future. A. position B. will position C. will be positioned D. were positioned 答案：C 解析：satellites 是“被部署”，且 in the future 表将来，用 will be positioned。 ▶核心知识点10：It is hoped / believed that...：客观表达观点 教材原句： It is hoped that a manned mission to the moon will follow around 2030. 译文：人们希望2030年前后会进行载人登月任务。 It is believed that our understanding of the moon and the universe will be greatly improved. 译文：人们相信我们对月球和宇宙的认识将大大提升。 用法 It is hoped that... 表示“人们希望……”；It is believed that... 表示“人们相信……”。 这类结构避免直接指出观点发出者，常见于新闻或科技语体。 易错警示： that 从句内部仍按正常时态和语态表达。 典例 It is ______ that more discoveries will be made in the future. A. believe B. believed C. believing D. belief 答案：B 解析：固定被动表达 It is believed that...。 ▶核心知识点11：in case / on board / set foot on / cooperate with：太空探索短语 教材原句： In case Voyager 1 is found by alien life, a special record ... is carried on board. 译文：为了防备旅行者1号被外星生命发现，飞船上携带了一张特殊唱片。 Humans have ... set foot on the moon. 译文：人类已经踏上月球。 With nations and scientists cooperating with one another... 译文：随着各国和科学家相互合作…… 用法 in case 表示“以防万一”；on board 表示“在船/飞机/飞行器上”。 set foot on 表示“踏上；到达”；cooperate with 表示“与……合作”。 易错警示： set foot on 中 foot 用单数，on 后接地点。 典例 Scientists from different countries need to ______ one another in space research. A. cooperate with B. run out of C. look down on D. mix up 答案：A 解析：语义为“相互合作”，用 cooperate with。 ▶核心知识点12：run out of / human beings / resources：解释探索意义 教材原句： Our Earth may run out of resources. 译文：地球的资源可能会耗尽。 In that case, a new home for us human beings will be needed. 译文：那样的话，人类将需要一个新的家园。 用法 run out of resources 表示“耗尽资源”；human being 表示“人；人类成员”，复数 human beings。 教材把“未来资源与生存空间”作为探索太空的理由之一。 易错警示： run out of 后接名词；不要漏掉 of。 典例 One reason for space exploration is that Earth may ______ some resources one day. A. run out of B. be covered with C. look up to D. turn into of 答案：A 解析：“资源可能耗尽”对应教材短语 run out of resources。 ▶语法总结1：一般现在时 / 一般过去时被动语态 结构/连接词 核心规则 教材例句/示例 一般现在时 am/is/are + done A mini-camera is connected to the glasses. 一般过去时 was/were + done A radio message was sent in 1901. can 的被动结构 can + be + done Houses can be made by a 3D printer. 典例 Many bridges ______ to keep the railway above the ground when the project was built. A. build B. are built C. were built D. will build 答案：C 解析：描述过去建设过程，bridges 是动作承受者，用一般过去时被动 were built。 ▶语法总结2：一般将来时被动语态 结构/连接词 核心规则 教材例句/示例 肯定 主语 + will be + done More astronauts will be sent there. 否定 主语 + will not be + done The trip will not be cancelled. 疑问 Will + 主语 + be + done...? Will a new rocket be launched? 客观表达 It is hoped/believed that... It is believed that...will be improved. 典例 A research station ______ on the moon one day, I hope. A. builds B. built C. will build D. will be built 答案：D 解析：station 是“被建造”，one day 表将来，用 will be built。 ▶写作指导1：Write About an Invention 【审题三步走】 1. 写清发明名称、发明者/时间（教材有信息时）以及发明原因。 2. 写材料、制作/工作过程或用途，可使用被动语态。 3. 写它对生活、社会或世界的影响。 【三段式写作提纲】 段落 写作内容 第一段 What/Who/When：发明是什么，谁在何时发明。 第二段 How/Why：如何工作、如何制成、解决什么问题。 第三段 Effect：它带来了什么变化。 【完整范文】 An Invention That Changed Our Lives The radio is one of the most useful inventions in modern history. The idea was developed by Guglielmo Marconi in the 1890s, and in 1901 a radio message was sent across the Atlantic Ocean for the first time. Before the radio was invented, information travelled slowly. With radio, news could be spread around the world in seconds. It also made music from different places easier to enjoy and helped lead to other inventions such as television. The radio shows how a creative idea can make the world feel much smaller. ▶写作指导2：My Space Dream 【审题三步走】 1. 先写明确梦想：研究站、探测器、寻找生命等。 2. 用 First/Second/Third 写2—3个理由或益处。 3. 适当使用一般将来时被动语态，并以希望/期待收束。 【三段式写作提纲】 段落 写作内容 第一段 What：My space dream is that... 第二段 Why：Reason 1 / Reason 2 / Reason 3。 第三段 Hope：I hope...will be... in the future. 【完整范文】 My Space Dream My space dream is that one day a research station will be built on the moon. First, scientists from different countries will be able to cooperate there and test new technologies. Second, more information about the moon and the universe will be collected, and our understanding of space will be improved. Third, new resources may be found and used for future exploration. I know this dream will require a lot of work, but humans have already achieved many things that once seemed impossible. I hope the station will be built during my lifetime. ❯❯❯考场练兵·分层实战❮❮❮ 一、单词拼写（每小题1分，共4分） 根据句意及首字母提示填写单词。 1. The 3D p________ can produce many kinds of objects. 答案：printer 解析：教材 Unit 5 词汇。 2. Papermaking helped information spread r________. 答案：rapidly 解析：修饰 spread 用副词 rapidly。 3. China’s Zhurong r________ landed on Mars in 2021. 答案：rover 解析：教材航天词汇。 4. Scientists from different countries c________ with one another on space research. 答案：cooperate 解析：cooperate with 固定搭配。 二、单项选择（每小题1分，共4分） 1. A mini-camera ______ to the front of the special glasses. A. connects B. is connected C. connected D. connecting 答案：B 解析：一般功能描述，且 camera 是被连接。 2. The Qinghai-Xizang Railway ______ in 2006. A. completes B. is completed C. was completed D. will complete 答案：C 解析：2006 为过去时间，被动用 was completed。 3. More astronauts ______ to the space station in the future. A. send B. sent C. will send D. will be sent 答案：D 解析：未来被动：will be + done。 4. Paper can be made ______ plant fibres. A. from B. to C. at D. into to 答案：A 解析：经过加工的原材料常用 be made from。 三、完成句子（每小题2分，共4分） 1. 人们相信我们对宇宙的认识将会大大提高。 It is believed that our understanding of the universe ______ ______ greatly ______. 答案：will be; improved 解析：从句中用一般将来时被动 will be improved。 2. 这项发明可以被用来帮助视力不好的人。 This invention can ______ ______ ______ help people who cannot see well. 答案：be used to 解析：can be used to do...。 四、完形填空（每小题1分，共5分） （教材主题语境改编） Papermaking changed the way information was shared. In ancient China, people wrote on many materials, but some were heavy or expensive. Cai Lun tried to find a better solution. Bark, plants, and old clothes (1) ______ as materials. First, the ingredients were mixed and boiled. Then the material (2) ______ and mixed with water again. Next, the liquid was poured over a bamboo screen. Finally, the fibre was dried and pressed. The new paper was light and cheap. Later, the technique spread to other countries and (3) ______ the development of culture. When paper and printing came together, they (4) ______ a rapid increase in books. This invention shows how one creative idea can (5) ______ the world. 1. A. used B. were used C. use D. are using 2. A. beat B. was beaten C. is beating D. will beat 3. A. speeded up B. looked down on C. ran out D. mixed up 4. A. resulted in B. looked up to C. fell asleep D. signed up 5. A. change B. changed C. be changed D. changing 答案：1.B 2.B 3.A 4.A 5.A 1. 过去制作过程，materials 是被使用。 2. 过去被动。 3. speed up development。 4. result in“导致”。 5. can 后用动词原形，主语 idea 主动“改变世界”。 五、阅读理解A（每小题2分，共10分） （教材主题语境改编） A 3D printer makes objects in several steps. First, the object is designed on a computer. A digital file is then created and sent to the printer. The printer reads the file and builds the object layer by layer. Plastic is often used, but other materials can also be used. Today, 3D printers can make toys, furniture, parts for houses, and even some medical objects. The technology is useful because it can turn a digital design into a real object. 1. Where is the object first designed? 答案：On a computer. 解析：细节。 2. What is sent to the printer? 答案：A digital file. 解析：细节。 3. How does the printer build the object? 答案：Layer by layer. 解析：细节。 4. Is plastic the only possible material? 答案：No. Other materials can also be used. 解析：细节。 5. What is the main value of 3D printing in this passage? 答案：It turns digital designs into real objects and can make many useful things. 解析：主旨。 六、阅读理解B（每小题2分，共10分） （教材主题语境改编） Space exploration can benefit life on Earth in several ways. Studying other planets helps scientists understand Earth’s geology and history. Technology developed for space can also solve problems at home; for example, satellites can help us study climate change. In the far future, humans may need new resources or even another place to live. These ideas are difficult, but scientists believe that continued research and international cooperation can make more things possible. 1. What can the study of other planets help us understand? 答案：Earth’s geology, history, and its place/relationship in the universe. 解析：教材理由一。 2. Give one example of space technology helping Earth. 答案：Satellites can help deal with/study climate change. 解析：教材例子。 3. What may humans need in the far future? 答案：New resources or a new home. 解析：细节。 4. What can make future exploration more possible? 答案：Continued research and international cooperation. 解析：末句。 5. What is the main idea? 答案：Reasons and benefits of space exploration. 解析：主旨。 七、任务型阅读（每小题2分，共10分） （教材主题语境改编） Voyager 1 was launched in 1977 and has travelled farther from Earth than any other man-made object. It carries a special record with sounds and pictures from Earth in case it is found by alien life. Even though it was more than 25 billion kilometres from Earth by 2025, it was still far from the next star. Human travel is even more difficult because astronauts need food, health protection, and enough time. Scientists are studying ideas such as faster spacecraft and long sleep during very long journeys. 1. When was Voyager 1 launched? 答案：In 1977. 2. What does it carry? 答案：A special record with sounds and pictures from Earth. 3. Why is the record carried? 答案：In case Voyager 1 is found by alien life. 4. Name one difficulty of human long-distance space travel. 答案：Time / food and drink / health / safety. 5. Name one possible future solution. 答案：Faster spacecraft or astronauts sleeping during the journey. 八、书面表达（共15分） 学校科技节征集“An Invention I Want to Introduce”英语短文。请介绍一种教材中出现的发明，写清用途/工作方式、重要性或影响，约80—100词，尽量使用被动语态。 【参考范文】 An Invention I Want to Introduce I want to introduce the 3D printer. Before an object is made, it is first designed on a computer. Then a digital file is created and sent to the printer. The file is read by the machine, and the object is produced layer by layer. Plastic can be used, and other materials may be used as well. A 3D printer can make everyday objects and even useful medical products. I think it is an important invention because creative ideas can be turned into real things quickly and in many different forms. 【评分参考】内容5分；被动语态与语言5分；衔接3分；书写2分。 1/1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题03 Units 5~6（期末复习讲义）九年级上册 内 容 导 航 考情透视·目标导航 透析期末考向，锚定备考重心 知识梳理·方法技巧 梳理核心脉络，扫除知识盲区 考场练兵·分层实战 阶梯实战演练，验收复习成效 ❯❯❯考情透视·目标导航❮❮❮ 1. 复习目标 类别 具体内容 复习重点 1 掌握一般现在时、一般过去时和一般将来时的被动语态； 2 掌握发明、材料、制作过程和太空探索主题的核心词汇与短语； 3 能使用 be used for/to、be made of/from、lead to/result in 等结构说明发明用途与影响； 4 能写发明介绍和个人太空梦想。 复习难点 1 根据时间标志正确选择被动语态时态； 2 区分 be made of 与 be made from 的语义； 3 掌握 It is hoped/believed that... 等客观表达； 4 过程说明中做到顺序清楚、动词形式准确。 2. 高频考点速览 高频考点 考查形式 建议掌握度 一般现在时被动语态 单选、语法填空 ★★★★★ 一般过去时被动语态 单选、句型转换 ★★★★★ 一般将来时被动语态 单选、改写 ★★★★★ can be + 过去分词 完成句子、阅读 ★★★★☆ be used for / to 单选、写作 ★★★★☆ be made of / from 单选、完形 ★★★★☆ lead to / result in / responsible for 词汇运用、阅读 ★★★★☆ It is hoped/believed that... 完成句子、写作 ★★★★☆ 3. 考情规律 题型 考察内容 词汇运用 围绕 inventions、materials、space exploration 考动词词形与固定搭配。 语法填空/句型转换 三种时态的被动语态是绝对核心，常由时间状语决定 be 的形式。 完形/阅读理解 高频语篇为发明过程、科技影响、航天任务与探索意义。 书面表达 常写“一项重要发明”或“My Space Dream”。 ❯❯❯知识梳理·方法技巧❮❮❮ 【单元思维导图】 【单元思维导图】 ▶核心知识点1：一般现在时被动语态：am/is/are + done 教材原句： A mini-camera is connected to the front of the glasses. 译文：一个微型摄像头连接在眼镜前面。 The oil and salt are also added by the machine itself. 译文：油和盐也由机器自动加入。 用法 当主语是动作的承受者时使用被动语态。 一般现在时：am/is/are + 过去分词。 易错警示： be 动词要和主语在人称、数上保持一致。 典例 Words ______ into sound by the special glasses. A. turn B. are turned C. turned D. were turning ▶核心知识点2：一般过去时被动语态：was/were + done 教材原句： A radio message was sent across the Atlantic Ocean for the first time in 1901. 译文：1901年，一条无线电信息首次跨越大西洋发送。 The Qinghai-Xizang Railway was completed in 2006. 译文：青藏铁路于2006年建成。 用法 一般过去时被动语态：was/were + 过去分词。 常和 in 1901、in 2006 等明确过去时间连用。 易错警示： 主语为复数时用 were。 典例 The telephone ______ by Alexander Bell in 1876. A. invents B. invented C. was invented D. is invented ▶核心知识点3：情态动词 + 被动：can be + done 教材原句： Toys, chairs, tables, and even houses can all be made by the 3D printer. 译文：玩具、椅子、桌子甚至房屋都可以由3D打印机制造。 用法 情态动词 can 后接 be + 过去分词构成被动。 本册教材在这里重点呈现 can + be + done。 易错警示： 情态动词后 be 用原形，不能写 can is made。 典例 Many useful objects can ______ by a 3D printer. A. make B. be made C. made D. be making ▶核心知识点4：be used for / be used to do：说明用途 教材原句： What can the two inventions be used for? 译文：这两项发明可以用来做什么？ They’re for people who can’t see well. 译文：它们是为视力不好的人设计的。 用法 be used for + 名词/动名词；be used to do + 动词原形，都可说明“被用来……”。 在发明介绍写作中可用 What is it used for? 组织用途信息。 易错警示： 不要把 be used to do（被用来做）和 used to do（过去常常）混淆。 典例 The special glasses can be used ______ reading and watching TV. A. for B. to C. of D. from ▶核心知识点5：be made of / be made from：材料是否看得出原形 教材原句： What material are these things made of? 译文：这些东西是由什么材料制成的？ There was also a very early form of paper made from jute. 译文：还有一种很早期的纸是由黄麻纤维制成的。 用法 be made of 常表示成品中仍能看出原材料；be made from 常表示原材料经过变化后不易辨认。 教材以“东西由什么材料制成”和“纸由黄麻制成”呈现两类表达。 易错警示： 具体判断以语义为准，不只看名词。 典例 Paper can be made ______ plant fibres. A. of B. from C. by D. with to ▶核心知识点6：First / Then / Next / Finally：说明制作过程 教材原句： First, the object is designed on the computer. 译文：首先，在电脑上设计物体。 Then, a file is created and sent to the 3D printer. 译文：然后，生成文件并发送给3D打印机。 Finally, the object is produced by building up plastic. 译文：最后，通过逐层堆叠塑料制成物体。 用法 过程说明文要用顺序词标明步骤，教材高频为 First, Then, Next, Finally。 步骤中的对象通常是动作承受者，因此被动语态非常常见。 易错警示： 顺序词要与真实过程对应，不要前后跳跃。 典例 ______ the liquid was poured over a bamboo screen; finally, the fibre was dried and pressed. A. Next B. Because C. Although D. Before ▶核心知识点7：be responsible for / lead to / result in：说明发明影响 教材原句： Papermaking was responsible for the rapid spread of information. 译文：造纸术促进了信息的快速传播。 This resulted in a new birth of knowledge. 译文：这带来了知识的新生。 用法 be responsible for sth 在教材语境中表示“是……的原因；促成……”。 lead to 和 result in 都表示“导致；造成”，后接名词或动名词。 易错警示： lead to / result in 中 to/in 均为介词结构的一部分，后面不接动词原形。 典例 The use of paper and printing together ______ a rapid increase in the number of books. A. led to B. looked up to C. took part in D. was used to ▶核心知识点8：speed up / rapidly / widely：描述传播与发展 教材原句： The papermaking technique not only speeded up the development of Chinese culture, but also changed civilizations around the world. 译文：造纸术不仅加速了中华文化的发展，也改变了世界文明。 Sticky notes gradually became popular and now are widely used all over the world. 译文：便利贴逐渐流行，如今在世界各地被广泛使用。 用法 speed up 表示“（使）加速”；rapidly 是副词“快速地”；widely 是“广泛地”。 描述发明影响时常与 spread, development, use 等搭配。 易错警示： wide 是形容词“宽的”，widely 才表示“广泛地”。 典例 The new technology is now ______ used in many countries. A. wide B. widely C. width D. widen ▶核心知识点9：一般将来时被动语态：will be + done 教材原句： More astronauts will be sent there. 译文：更多宇航员将被送往那里。 A new home for us human beings will be needed. 译文：人类将需要一个新的家园。 用法 一般将来时被动语态：will be + 过去分词。 疑问式：Will + 主语 + be + done...?；否定式：will not be + done。 易错警示： 不要漏写 be。 典例 More satellites ______ in space in the future. A. position B. will position C. will be positioned D. were positioned ▶核心知识点10：It is hoped / believed that...：客观表达观点 教材原句： It is hoped that a manned mission to the moon will follow around 2030. 译文：人们希望2030年前后会进行载人登月任务。 It is believed that our understanding of the moon and the universe will be greatly improved. 译文：人们相信我们对月球和宇宙的认识将大大提升。 用法 It is hoped that... 表示“人们希望……”；It is believed that... 表示“人们相信……”。 这类结构避免直接指出观点发出者，常见于新闻或科技语体。 易错警示： that 从句内部仍按正常时态和语态表达。 典例 It is ______ that more discoveries will be made in the future. A. believe B. believed C. believing D. belief ▶核心知识点11：in case / on board / set foot on / cooperate with：太空探索短语 教材原句： In case Voyager 1 is found by alien life, a special record ... is carried on board. 译文：为了防备旅行者1号被外星生命发现，飞船上携带了一张特殊唱片。 Humans have ... set foot on the moon. 译文：人类已经踏上月球。 With nations and scientists cooperating with one another... 译文：随着各国和科学家相互合作…… 用法 in case 表示“以防万一”；on board 表示“在船/飞机/飞行器上”。 set foot on 表示“踏上；到达”；cooperate with 表示“与……合作”。 易错警示： set foot on 中 foot 用单数，on 后接地点。 典例 Scientists from different countries need to ______ one another in space research. A. cooperate with B. run out of C. look down on D. mix up ▶核心知识点12：run out of / human beings / resources：解释探索意义 教材原句： Our Earth may run out of resources. 译文：地球的资源可能会耗尽。 In that case, a new home for us human beings will be needed. 译文：那样的话，人类将需要一个新的家园。 用法 run out of resources 表示“耗尽资源”；human being 表示“人；人类成员”，复数 human beings。 教材把“未来资源与生存空间”作为探索太空的理由之一。 易错警示： run out of 后接名词；不要漏掉 of。 典例 One reason for space exploration is that Earth may ______ some resources one day. A. run out of B. be covered with C. look up to D. turn into of ▶语法总结1：一般现在时 / 一般过去时被动语态 结构/连接词 核心规则 教材例句/示例 一般现在时 am/is/are + done A mini-camera is connected to the glasses. 一般过去时 was/were + done A radio message was sent in 1901. can 的被动结构 can + be + done Houses can be made by a 3D printer. 典例 Many bridges ______ to keep the railway above the ground when the project was built. A. build B. are built C. were built D. will build ▶语法总结2：一般将来时被动语态 结构/连接词 核心规则 教材例句/示例 肯定 主语 + will be + done More astronauts will be sent there. 否定 主语 + will not be + done The trip will not be cancelled. 疑问 Will + 主语 + be + done...? Will a new rocket be launched? 客观表达 It is hoped/believed that... It is believed that...will be improved. 典例 A research station ______ on the moon one day, I hope. A. builds B. built C. will build D. will be built ▶写作指导1：Write About an Invention 【审题三步走】 1. 写清发明名称、发明者/时间（教材有信息时）以及发明原因。 2. 写材料、制作/工作过程或用途，可使用被动语态。 3. 写它对生活、社会或世界的影响。 【三段式写作提纲】 段落 写作内容 第一段 What/Who/When：发明是什么，谁在何时发明。 第二段 How/Why：如何工作、如何制成、解决什么问题。 第三段 Effect：它带来了什么变化。 【完整范文】 An Invention That Changed Our Lives The radio is one of the most useful inventions in modern history. The idea was developed by Guglielmo Marconi in the 1890s, and in 1901 a radio message was sent across the Atlantic Ocean for the first time. Before the radio was invented, information travelled slowly. With radio, news could be spread around the world in seconds. It also made music from different places easier to enjoy and helped lead to other inventions such as television. The radio shows how a creative idea can make the world feel much smaller. ▶写作指导2：My Space Dream 【审题三步走】 1. 先写明确梦想：研究站、探测器、寻找生命等。 2. 用 First/Second/Third 写2—3个理由或益处。 3. 适当使用一般将来时被动语态，并以希望/期待收束。 【三段式写作提纲】 段落 写作内容 第一段 What：My space dream is that... 第二段 Why：Reason 1 / Reason 2 / Reason 3。 第三段 Hope：I hope...will be... in the future. 【完整范文】 My Space Dream My space dream is that one day a research station will be built on the moon. First, scientists from different countries will be able to cooperate there and test new technologies. Second, more information about the moon and the universe will be collected, and our understanding of space will be improved. Third, new resources may be found and used for future exploration. I know this dream will require a lot of work, but humans have already achieved many things that once seemed impossible. I hope the station will be built during my lifetime. ❯❯❯考场练兵·分层实战❮❮❮ 一、单词拼写（每小题1分，共4分） 根据句意及首字母提示填写单词。 1. The 3D p________ can produce many kinds of objects. 2. Papermaking helped information spread r________. 3. China’s Zhurong r________ landed on Mars in 2021. 4. Scientists from different countries c________ with one another on space research. 二、单项选择（每小题1分，共4分） 1. A mini-camera ______ to the front of the special glasses. A. connects B. is connected C. connected D. connecting 2. The Qinghai-Xizang Railway ______ in 2006. A. completes B. is completed C. was completed D. will complete 3. More astronauts ______ to the space station in the future. A. send B. sent C. will send D. will be sent 4. Paper can be made ______ plant fibres. A. from B. to C. at D. into to 三、完成句子（每小题2分，共4分） 1. 人们相信我们对宇宙的认识将会大大提高。 It is believed that our understanding of the universe ______ ______ greatly ______. 2. 这项发明可以被用来帮助视力不好的人。 This invention can ______ ______ ______ help people who cannot see well. 四、完形填空（每小题1分，共5分） （教材主题语境改编） Papermaking changed the way information was shared. In ancient China, people wrote on many materials, but some were heavy or expensive. Cai Lun tried to find a better solution. Bark, plants, and old clothes (1) ______ as materials. First, the ingredients were mixed and boiled. Then the material (2) ______ and mixed with water again. Next, the liquid was poured over a bamboo screen. Finally, the fibre was dried and pressed. The new paper was light and cheap. Later, the technique spread to other countries and (3) ______ the development of culture. When paper and printing came together, they (4) ______ a rapid increase in books. This invention shows how one creative idea can (5) ______ the world. 1. A. used B. were used C. use D. are using 2. A. beat B. was beaten C. is beating D. will beat 3. A. speeded up B. looked down on C. ran out D. mixed up 4. A. resulted in B. looked up to C. fell asleep D. signed up 5. A. change B. changed C. be changed D. changing 五、阅读理解A（每小题2分，共10分） （教材主题语境改编） A 3D printer makes objects in several steps. First, the object is designed on a computer. A digital file is then created and sent to the printer. The printer reads the file and builds the object layer by layer. Plastic is often used, but other materials can also be used. Today, 3D printers can make toys, furniture, parts for houses, and even some medical objects. The technology is useful because it can turn a digital design into a real object. 1. Where is the object first designed? 2. What is sent to the printer? 3. How does the printer build the object? 4. Is plastic the only possible material? 5. What is the main value of 3D printing in this passage? 六、阅读理解B（每小题2分，共10分） （教材主题语境改编） Space exploration can benefit life on Earth in several ways. Studying other planets helps scientists understand Earth’s geology and history. Technology developed for space can also solve problems at home; for example, satellites can help us study climate change. In the far future, humans may need new resources or even another place to live. These ideas are difficult, but scientists believe that continued research and international cooperation can make more things possible. 1. What can the study of other planets help us understand? 2. Give one example of space technology helping Earth. 3. What may humans need in the far future? 4. What can make future exploration more possible? 5. What is the main idea? 七、任务型阅读（每小题2分，共10分） （教材主题语境改编） Voyager 1 was launched in 1977 and has travelled farther from Earth than any other man-made object. It carries a special record with sounds and pictures from Earth in case it is found by alien life. Even though it was more than 25 billion kilometres from Earth by 2025, it was still far from the next star. Human travel is even more difficult because astronauts need food, health protection, and enough time. Scientists are studying ideas such as faster spacecraft and long sleep during very long journeys. 1. When was Voyager 1 launched? ____________________________________________________________________ 2. What does it carry? ____________________________________________________________________ 3. Why is the record carried? ____________________________________________________________________ 4. Name one difficulty of human long-distance space travel. ____________________________________________________________________ 5. Name one possible future solution. ____________________________________________________________________ 八、书面表达（共15分） 学校科技节征集“An Invention I Want to Introduce”英语短文。请介绍一种教材中出现的发明，写清用途/工作方式、重要性或影响，约80—100词，尽量使用被动语态。 ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ 1/1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $