Unit 6 Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas（Word教参）-【学霸笔记·同步精讲】2026-2027学年高中英语必修第一册（外研版）

本高中英语讲义以“龙脊梯田”为核心主题，通过课前预测（标题与图片）、速读理清脉络（主旨与结构）、精读领悟细节（段落发展、原理排序等）、语言应用（语法填空）的学习支架，系统构建从文本理解到语言输出的知识脉络。 该资料亮点显著，情境导入环节通过图片激发兴趣，培养学生预测与理解能力（语言能力），精读问题设计如梯田工作原理排序、人与自然关系分析，提升逻辑推理与批判性思维（思维品质），融入壮族瑶族智慧，增强家国情怀（文化意识）。语言点部分系统讲解词汇、句型，课中辅助教师分层教学，课后助力学生夯实基础、查漏补缺。

Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas Part Ⅰ　Reading comprehension 第一步　课前导入·激趣启思 Look at the title and the picture to predict what the passage is mainly about. 　It is about the Longji Rice Terraces.　 第二步　速读课文·理清脉络 1.What’s the main idea of the passage？（　C　） A.Longji Rice Terraces’ bright future. B.The functions of Longji Rice Terraces. C.The introduction to Longji Rice Terraces. D.The reasons for building Longji Rice Terraces. 2.Structures and clues 第三步　精读课文·领悟细节 Task 1：Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers. 1.How does the author develop paragraph 1？（　　） A.By listing the facts. B.By comparing the facts. C.By vividly describing the scene. D.By painting the beautiful colours. 2.What’s the right order of the working principle of the Longji Rice Terraces？（　　） ①Rain falls down onto the mountain terraces once again. ②The water is turned into vapour. ③Along the waterways rainwater moves down the mountains and into the terraces. ④The sun heats the water. ⑤Clouds form. A.③①②⑤④　　　　 B.③④②⑤① C.③⑤②①④　 D.③②④①⑤ 3.Which word can best describe the relationship between the terraces and the local people？（　　） A.Complicated.　 B.Simple. C.Dependent.　 D.Harmonious. 4.Why does the writer mention modern technology？（　　） A.To show the terraces are out of date. B.To show the terraces are still valuable. C.To show the terraces are kept better. D.To show why the terraces are abandoned. 5.What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage？（　　） A.To show how to grow rice. B.To encourage people to make terraces. C.To introduce Zhuang and Yao ethnic groups in Guangxi. D.To show people can work in harmony with nature. 答案：1－5　CBDBD Task 2：Think creatively and critically and answer the questions. 1.In order to live in harmony with nature， what should we do？ 　We should adapt to local condition and make use of nature in an environment-friendly way.　 2.What can we learn from the local Zhuang and Yao people？ 　We should learn to use the land wisely and live in harmony with nature.Besides， their diligence and love for nature are what we should learn.　 第四步　课文融通·学以致用 　　根据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 　　Imagine mountains 1.　wrapped　 （wrap） in silver water， shining 2.　brightly　 （bright） in the sun in spring.They turn bright green with growing rice in summer and become gold in autumn and then they 3.　are covered　 （cover） in sheets of white frost in winter.These are the 4.　colours　 （colour） of the Longji Rice Terraces.Work on the terraces took hundreds of years， until its 5.　completion　 （complete） in the early Qing Dynasty.The reasons why people went to so much trouble 6.　to turn　 （turn） the entire mountains into terraces are as follows：having few large， flat areas of land，holding more rainwater and preventing the soil from 7.　being washed　 （wash） away.It is along these waterways 8.　that　 rainwater moves down the mountains and into the terraces.The water heated by the sun is turned 9.　into　 vapour and then the vapour forms clouds from 10.　which　 rain falls down onto the mountain terraces once again. Longji Rice Terraces 　　Imagine mountains wrapped in silver water①， shining in the spring sun②.[1]Summer sees the mountains turn bright green with growing rice.During autumn， these same mountains are gold， and in winter they are covered in sheets of white frost③.These are the colours of the Longji Rice Terraces. 　　These terraces were built by the local Zhuang and Yao people， [2]to whom Guangxi is home.Starting in the Yuan Dynasty， work on the terraces took hundreds of years， until its completion in the early Qing Dynasty④.[3]Reaching as far as the eye can see⑤， these terraces cover tall mountains， often from the bottom to the very top⑥. 　　【释疑难】　[1]无灵主语句。 　　[2]“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，修饰先行词the local Zhuang and Yao people。 　　[3]动词-ing形式短语作状语。 　　【赏靓点】　文章开篇简洁勾勒出群山被银白色的水萦绕的静态柔美画面；紧接着补充出群山在春日暖阳下熠熠生辉的动态光影，静动结合，快速搭建出龙脊梯田春日澄澈明媚的视觉氛围。 　　第二段精准刻画了梯田绵延无际的壮阔形态；后续进一步补充出梯田覆盖整座山峦的空间跨度，从“远观绵延”到“近看全覆盖”的视角递进，让梯田的宏伟气势更具画面感，也凸显出先民开垦梯田的非凡智慧。 　　So why did these people go to so much trouble to⑦ turn the entire mountains into terraces⑧？ Firstly， there are few large， flat areas of land in the region.[4]Building the terraces therefore meant that they could increase the areas in which they could grow rice.Secondly，[5]although the region has plenty of rain⑨， the mountains are steep and the soil is shallow.The flat terraces catch the rainwater⑩ and prevent the soil from⑪ being washed away⑫. 　　[6]But perhaps what is most significant is the way in which people have worked in harmony with⑬ nature to make these terraces and grow rice.The terraces are cleverly designed⑭， with hundreds of waterways that connect with each other.During the rainy season⑮， [7]it is along these waterways that rainwater moves down the mountains and into the terraces.The sun heats the water and turns it into vapour.This forms clouds [8]from which rain falls down onto the mountain terraces once again⑯ .These terraces also provide a perfect environment for birds and fish⑰， [9]some of which feed on⑱ insects that can harm the rice crops. 　　【释疑难】　[4]动词-ing形式短语作主语；that引导宾语从句；in which引导定语从句，修饰先行词the areas。 　　[5]although引导让步状语从句。 　　[6]what引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语；in which引导定语从句，修饰先行词the way；动词不定式作目的状语。 　　[7]本句为强调句，其构成是It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who ...。 　　[8]from which引导定语从句，修饰先行词clouds。 　　[9]some of which引导定语从句，先行词为birds and fish；that引导定语从句，先行词为insects。 　　【赏靓点】　第三段以设问句引出核心问题，紧接着简洁勾勒出先民开垦梯田的实用目的——拓展耕地面积，是立足生存需求的理性动作描写。随后精准刻画梯田“蓄水保土”的功能画面，从“拓展耕地”到“水土保持”，层层递进地解释了梯田修建的必要性。 　　[10]Although modern technology could help produce more crops， these terraces still mean a lot to the local people⑲ for whom traditions hold much value⑳.This knowledge is passed down ㉑ through families， [11]which means that new generations continue to use ancient methods of agriculture㉒ to maintain the terraces.Today， the Longji Rice Terraces attract thousands of visitors [12]who come to admire this great wonder㉓ created by people and nature working together. 　　【释疑难】　[10]Although引导让步状语从句；for whom引导定语从句，修饰先行词the local people。 　　[11]which引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是整个主句内容；that引导宾语从句。 　　[12]who引导定语从句，修饰先行词visitors；过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰this great wonder。 语块翻译 ①　银白色的水　 ②　在春日的阳光下闪闪发光　 ③　被层层白霜覆盖着　 ④　在清朝初期　 ⑤　目之所及　 ⑥　从底部到顶部　 ⑦　大费周章做某事　 ⑧　把整片山地转变成梯田　 ⑨　大量雨水　 ⑩　截留雨水　 ⑪ 　阻止/防止土壤……　 ⑫ 　冲走　 ⑬ 　与……协调，与……一致　 ⑭ 　设计巧妙　 ⑮ 　在雨季　 ⑯ 　再一次　 ⑰ 　为鸟类和鱼类提供绝佳的栖息地　 ⑱ 　以……为食　 ⑲ 　对当地人来说意义重大　 ⑳ 　十分重要，有价值　 ㉑ 　流传；使世代相传　 ㉒ 　沿用古老的农耕方式　 ㉓ 　欣赏这一伟大的奇迹　 参考译文 龙脊梯田 　　想象一下：春日，群山被银白色的水田包裹，在阳光下闪闪发光；盛夏，佳禾吐绿，将群山染成一片青翠；秋收，满山金黄；而隆冬，它们又披上了冰霜做成的雪白毛毯。这就是绚丽多彩的龙脊梯田。 　　龙脊梯田的建造者是广西当地的壮族和瑶族居民。梯田从元朝开始修建，历经数百年，至清朝初期完工。目之所及，梯田包裹着巍峨的高山，往往从山脚一直盘绕到山顶。 　　为什么当地人要如此大费周章，将整片山地变成梯田呢？首先，这里缺乏大面积的平原，建造梯田意味着他们能够扩大水稻的种植面积。其次，尽管该地区多雨，但山地坡度大、土层浅薄，水平的梯田能够储存雨水，防止土壤流失。 　　但也许最令人惊叹的还是人与自然和谐相处建造梯田并种植水稻的方式。这些梯田设计巧妙，其间有几百条相互连通的水渠。在雨季，雨水会沿着这些水渠从山上流下进入梯田。水分经太阳蒸发成为水蒸气，水蒸气形成云，而雨水又从云中再次落到山上的梯田里。这些梯田也为鸟类和鱼类提供了绝佳的栖息地，而一部分鸟和鱼又以危害水稻的昆虫为食。 　　尽管现代科技有助于提高农作物的产量，但对珍视传统的当地人来说，这些梯田依然具有重要的意义。这种认识通过家族代代相传，后代子孙一直沿用古老的农耕方式维持着梯田的运作。今天，成千上万的游客慕名而来，欣赏这由人与自然共同创造的壮丽奇观。 Part Ⅱ　Language points Ⅰ.阅读词汇 1.wrap up the presents　　　　包装　礼物 2.hillside terraces　　山坡　梯田　 3.water vapour　　水　蒸气　 4.the Yuan Dynasty　　元　朝　 Ⅱ.写作词汇 1.a 　sheet　 of white 　frost　　　一层白霜 2.　steep　 mountains　　陡峭的群山 3.produce more 　crops　　　生产更多的作物 Ⅲ.多义词汇 ①shallow water　　　浅　水 ②shallow thoughts　　　肤浅的　想法 ③take shallow breaths　　呼吸　浅促　 Ⅳ.拓展词汇 1.　completion　 n.完成，结束→complete v.完成，结束 adj.完全的；完整的→completely adv.完全地，彻底地 2.　region　 n.地区，区域→regional adj.地区的，区域的 3.　prevent　 v.阻挡，防止→prevention n.预防，防止 4.　harmony　 n.融洽相处，和谐→harmonious adj.和睦的，融洽的 5.　design　 v.设计→designer n. 设计师，设计者→designed adj.精心设计的；故意的 6.　harm　 v.伤害，损害→harmful adj.有害的→harmless adj.无害的 7.　agriculture　 n.农业→agricultural adj.农业的，农艺的 【构词法】 名词＋-less构成形容词 ①harm→harmless（无害的） ②hope→hopeless（无望的） ③use→useless（无用的） ④care→careless（粗心的） ⑤home→homeless（无家可归的） Ⅴ.短语互译 1.　be covered in　　　盖满，被……覆盖 2.　be home to　　　是……的家园 3.　plenty of　　　许多 4.　prevent ...from　　　阻止；防止 5.　in harmony with　　　与……协调； 与……一致 6.as far as　　　远到……　 7.from the bottom to the very top　　　从底部到顶部　 8.go to the trouble to do sth　　　不辞劳苦去做某事；费力去做某事　 9.turn ...into ...　　　把……转变成……　 10.wash away　　　冲走　 Ⅵ.句型填空 1.句型公式：动词-ed形式短语作后置定语 教材原句：Imagine mountains 　wrapped in silver water　， shining in the spring sun. 想象一下：春日，群山被银白色的水田包裹，在阳光下闪闪发光。 2.句型公式：无生命名词作主语 教材原句：　Summer sees the mountains turn bright green　 with growing rice. 盛夏，佳禾吐绿，将群山染成一片青翠。 3.句型公式：动词-ing形式短语作方式状语 教材原句：　Reaching as far as the eye can see　， these terraces cover tall mountains， often from the bottom to the very top. 目之所及，梯田包裹着巍峨的高山，往往从山脚一直盘绕到山顶。 4.句型公式：that引导宾语从句 教材原句：　Building the terraces　 therefore 　meant that　 they could increase the areas in which they could grow rice. 因此，建造梯田意味着他们能够扩大水稻的种植面积。 5.句型公式：in which引导定语从句 教材原句：But perhaps what is most significant is 　the way in which people have worked in harmony with nature to make these terraces and grow rice　. 但也许最令人惊叹的还是人与自然和谐相处建造梯田并种植水稻的方式。 6.句型公式：强调句 教材原句：During the rainy season， 　it is along these waterways that　 rainwater moves down the mountains and into the terraces. 在雨季，雨水会沿着这些水渠从山上流下进入梯田。 写作词汇集释 1.go to the trouble to do sth 费力做某事；费尽周折做某事 教材原句　So why did these people go to so much trouble to turn the entire mountains into terraces？ 为什么当地人要如此大费周章，将整片山地变成梯田呢？ 【用法】 get into trouble　　　　　陷入麻烦；陷入困境 in trouble　　处于困境之中 have （no） trouble with .../（in） doing ...　　（做）……有（无）困难 ask for trouble　　自找麻烦；自讨苦吃 make trouble　　制造麻烦 不辞劳苦地做某事 【佳句】　The little girl knew she was in trouble when she broke her mom’s favorite vase. 当小女孩打碎妈妈最喜欢的花瓶时，她知道自己闯祸了。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①I don’t think I’ll go to so much trouble 　to repair　 （repair） this old bike. ②When I am 　in　 trouble， my classmates will always try their best to help me. ③Whenever we have trouble 　with　 our studies， our teachers always help us patiently. 【写美】　完成句子 ④由于担心我在设计汽车模型时会遇到麻烦，我写信向你征求一些建议。 Worried that I may 　have trouble designing the model car　， I’m writing to ask you for some suggestions. 2.prevent v.阻挡，防止→preventable adj.可预防的；可阻止的→prevention n.预防；阻止；防止 教材原句　The flat terraces catch the rainwater and prevent the soil from being washed away. 水平的梯田能够储存雨水，防止土壤流失。 【用法】 （1）prevent/stop/keep ...from doing sth　　阻止……做某事 （2）protect ...from ...　　保护……不受…… 【佳句】　In order to keep rivers and lakes clean and prevent water from being polluted， we must do something to protect them. （建议信） 为了保持河流和湖泊的清洁，防止水被污染，我们必须采取措施保护它们。 【点津】　stop/prevent ...from doing sth中的from可省略，而keep ...from doing sth中的from不可省略。在被动语态中，上述三种搭配中的from都不可省略。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①It’s possible that improving people’s fitness in middle age could prevent them from 　developing　 （develop） some diseases. ②As far as health is concerned， 　prevention　 （prevent） is better than cure. ③These are 　preventable　 （prevent） diseases so don’t worry. 【写美】　完成句子 ④我愿意呼吁大家保护森林防止其被破坏。 I’m willing to call on everyone to 　protect the forests from being destroyed　. ⑤必须采取有效措施防止环境被污染。 Effective measures must be taken to 　prevent the environment from being polluted　. 3.harmony n.融洽相处，和谐；协调→harmonious adj.和谐的；和睦的；协调的→harmoniously adv.和谐地；协调地 教材原句　But perhaps what is most significant is the way in which people have worked in harmony with nature to make these terraces and grow rice. 但也许最令人惊叹的还是人与自然和谐相处建造梯田并种植水稻的方式。 【用法】 in harmony with　与……融洽；与……和谐相处；与……协调一致 out of harmony with　　与……不融洽，不协调，不一致 live in harmony　　和睦相处，和谐共处 【佳句】　Tourism should develop in harmony with the environment. 旅游业应与环境协调发展。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①A 　harmonious　 （harmony） family life is of great benefit to children’s healthy growth. ②When children grow up，their ideas may sometimes be 　out　 of harmony with their parents’. ③The members of the team worked in harmony 　with　 each other， which led to their great success. 【写美】　完成句子 ④只有人们和谐相处，我们才能建立一个幸福和谐的社会。 　Only if people live in harmony　 can we build a happy and harmonious society. 4.design v.设计；打算；意欲 n.设计；图案；意图；目的→designer n.设计者 教材原句　The terraces are cleverly designed， with hundreds of waterways that connect with each other. 这些梯田设计巧妙，其间有几百条相互连通的水渠。 【用法】 （1）design sth for sb/sth　为某人/某物设计某物 be designed for ...为……而设计 be designed to do ...意欲做……；目的是…… （2）by design　　故意地 【佳句】　The course is designed for students who love science. （推荐信） 这门课程是为热爱科学的学生设计的。 【点津】　表示“故意地”与“偶然地”的其他词语： 故意地：①on purpose　②deliberately　③intentionally 偶然地：①by chance　②by accident　③accidentally 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①We don’t know if it was done by accident or 　by　 design. ②The cinema specially designed the entrance 　for　 people in wheelchairs. ③The school programme “Talk and Talk” is designed 　to broaden　 （broaden） our horizons. 【写美】　完成句子 ④这本为英语初学者设计的参考书正适合你。 The reference book 　（which is） designed for English beginners　 is just suitable for you. 5.harm v.& n.伤害，损害；危害→harmful adj.有害的→harmless adj.无害的 教材原句　These terraces also provide a perfect environment for birds and fish， some of which feed on insects that can harm the rice crops. 这些梯田也为鸟类和鱼类提供了绝佳的栖息地，而一部分鸟和鱼又以危害水稻的昆虫为食。 【用法】 （1）do sb/sth harm＝do harm to sb/sth　对某人/某物有害 There is no harm in doing sth＝It does no harm to do sth　　做某事并无害处。 （2）be harmful to ...　　对……有害 【佳句】　It is obvious that smoking does harm to our health. （倡议书） 很显然吸烟对我们的健康有害。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①As far as I’m concerned，there is no harm in 　making　 （make） an apology to him first. ②Although it may look unpleasant， this condition is 　harmless　 （harm）. 【写美】　一句多译 ③智能手机不仅占用我们宝贵的时间，而且对我们的健康有害。 →Smart phones not only take up our valuable time， but also 　harm our health　.（harm v.） →Smart phones not only take up our valuable time， but also 　do harm to our health　.（harm n.） →Smart phones not only take up our valuable time， but also 　are harmful to our health　.（harmful） 阅读词汇清障 Ⅰ.一词多义 快速阅读下列句子并选出句中加蓝词汇对应的意思 shallow A.adj.浅的 B.adj.微弱的　 C.adj.肤浅的 ①The children were warned to swim in the shallow part of the lake. 　　A　 ②Don’t be satisfied with a shallow understanding of the problem. 　　C　 ③After running a marathon， he lay on the ground， taking shallow breaths. 　　B　 Ⅱ.熟词生义 根据语境写出加蓝词的词性和含义 1.His mother walked into his bedroom and changed a new sheet for him. 　 n.被单；床单　 2.A scarf was wrapped around his neck. 　v.用……缠绕　 3.Another steep temperature rise is on the horizon，following the warmest decade since records began，scientists have warned. 　adj.急剧的　 重点句型解构 ◇句型公式： 无生命名词作主语 教材原句　Summer sees the mountains turn bright green with growing rice. 盛夏，佳禾吐绿，将群山染成一片青翠。 【用法】 （1）表示时间或者地点的名词作主语，常用see，find，witness等作谓语动词，意为“在某时间/某地点发生了什么事”。 （2）表示心理、生理或遭遇的单词，如anger，word，idea，courage，faith，sight，thought等作主语，常用fail，desert，escape，strike等作谓语动词。 【佳句】　Last Friday afternoon saw a friendly football match between our school and the German sister school on the playground， which attracted all the students and teachers to watch. 上周五下午，我们学校和德国姐妹学校在操场上进行了一场足球友谊比赛，吸引了全体师生观看。 【写美】　微写作 ①上周末举办了一个名为“认识我们身边的植物”的活动。 　Last weekend witnessed an activity　 called “Getting to Know the Plants Around Us”. ②在过去的两百年里，这座古老的建筑见证了村庄的巨大变化。 　The old building has seen great changes of the village　 in the past two hundred years. ③非常感谢你的慷慨帮助，我无法用语言表达。 I am so grateful for your generous help and 　words just fail me　. ④前几天我遇到了我以前的一个同学，我忘记他的名字了。 I encountered one of my former classmates the other day，　whose name just escaped me　. 维度一：品句填词 1.These 　terraces　 （梯田） that trapped the water became the farm fields. 2.The city served as the capital of 13 　dynasties　 （朝代） off and on over 1，200 years. 3.Many young people headed for remote 　regions　 （地区） to work as volunteer teachers. 4.They built a wall to avoid 　soil　 （土壤） being washed away. 5.We can wade 　shallow　 （浅的） rivers， but for deeper ones we’ll have to swim. 6.Industry and 　agriculture　 （农业） are the two important sectors of the national economy. 7.It will be a clear night with some ground 　frost　 （霜）. 8.Muscle cells need lots of fuel and therefore　 burn lots of calories. 9.The path grew steeper　 as we climbed higher. 10.The mother wrapped　 the present with pink paper and had it delivered to her son far away. 维度二：词形转换 1.Only in this way can we protect our environment and build a 　harmonious　 （harmony） society. 2.An expert working for the environment will give a lecture on the causes and 　harmful　 （harm） effects of global warming. 3.The 　beautiful　 （beauty） scenery there attracts many visitors from abroad every year. 4.The project has taken a long time but is now nearing 　completion　 （complete）. 5.Shandong Province is famous for its rich 　agricultural　 （agriculture） resources. 6.The government has taken effective measures to develop the 　regional　 （region） economy. 维度三：固定搭配和句式 1.It’s obvious that taking in too much fat does harm 　to　 our health. 2.The caterpillars feed 　on　 a wide range of trees，shrubs and plants. 3.The project， designed 　to help　 （help） the students in need， worked out as planned. 4.The traditions have been passed 　down　 from generation to generation. 5.The past nearly twenty years 　have witnessed　 （witness） significant achievements in historical tourism in Xi’an. 6.Close the door and windows carefully to prevent some strangers from 　breaking　 （break） into your house. 7.John told Mr Brown not to 　go to the trouble to drive　 （费力开车） him home. 8.　It was with great determination that　 （正是带着坚定的决心） he overcame all the challenges and difficulties successfully. 9.I am truly thankful to you for 　what you have done for the children　 （您为孩子们所做的一切）. 10.　Hugging her mother tightly　 （紧紧拥抱着她的母亲）， Emily poured out all her worries and joys. Ⅰ.阅读理解 A 　　（2026·四川南充期末）Global warming is one of the most pressing environmental issues of our time.It refers to the long-term rise in the average temperature of the Earth’s climate system， primarily due to human activities such as burning fossil fuels and deforestation.As the climate warms， it leads to a variety of environmental impacts including the melting of ice caps， rising sea levels， and extreme weather events. 　　One significant consequence of global warming is the melting of glacier ice.This not only causes sea levels to rise but also threatens coastal communities with flooding and erosion.For instance， islands in the Pacific Ocean are already experiencing the effects as their land slowly disappears beneath the waves. 　　Moreover， global warming is responsible for more frequent and severe weather events.Increased temperatures can lead to more intense storms， floods， and droughts， disrupting ecosystems and human societies.In the United States， hurricanes have become more powerful with greater rainfall， leading to significant damage and loss of life. 　　Addressing global warming requires international cooperation and individual efforts.Countries worldwide need to work together to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and develop sustainable energy sources.Meanwhile， individuals can make a difference by reducing energy consumption， supporting green initiatives， and raising awareness about climate issues. 　　To combat global warming effectively， it’s essential for everyone to acknowledge the problem and take action before it’s too late. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了全球变暖的原因、影响及应对措施。 1.Which of the following causes global warming according to the article？（　　） A.Deforestation and burning fossil fuels. B.Much use of chemicals in agriculture. C.Nuclear energy production. D.Overfishing in the oceans. 解析：A　细节理解题。根据第一段中的It refers to ...due to human activities such as burning fossil fuels and deforestation.可知，文章中提到的全球变暖的原因是砍伐森林和燃烧化石燃料。 2.What is one effect of glacier melting mentioned in the passage？（　　） A.Rise in agricultural productivity. B.Creation of new land habitats. C.Threats to coastal communities. D.Decrease in desert areas. 解析：C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的This not only causes sea levels to rise but also threatens coastal communities with flooding and erosion.可知，冰川融化对沿海社区构成威胁。 3.How has global warming affected weather patterns？（　　） A.It has made winters milder. B.It has made summers cooler. C.Bad weather events happened more often. D.It has decreased the number of sunny days. 解析：C　细节理解题。根据第三段中的Moreover， global warming is responsible for more frequent and severe weather events.可知，全球变暖使恶劣天气事件更加频繁。 4.What action is suggested in the article as part of addressing global warming？（　　） A.Relocating coastal residents. B.Constructing more sea barriers. C.Increasing nuclear energy production. D.Developing sustainable energy sources. 解析：D　细节理解题。根据第四段中的reduce greenhouse gas emissions and develop sustainable energy sources可知，文章中建议开发可持续能源作为解决全球变暖问题的一部分。 B 　　From hotter summers to more frequent floods， warming weather is affecting our lives in every way.For animals， however， it’s not just their living environment that’s in danger， but their very existence.Many beloved animals， including penguins and elephants， are at risk of disappearing because of climate change. 　　A study published on 7 March used fossils （化石） from sea creatures to find out which animals are most vulnerable as our planet’s climate continues to change. 　　Carried out by the University of Oxford， the study found that the size has a great effect on their extinction because they use up their energy quickly.They need lots of food to stay alive.Unfortunately， small animals often live in narrow or limited spaces.Furthermore， small animals usually don’t live as long as larger ones， making them easily influenced by factors that might cause their extinction. 　　Another problem is that small animals generally don’t travel far， so if their home is disturbed， or if new dangers threaten it， it may be hard for them to find new homes， or enough for them to survive.What’s worse， small animals often have more babies， which means it’s harder for them to ensure the safety of their children.In other words， they are at more risk of going extinct， according to the study. 　　Besides small animals， those living in extreme heat or cold — such as the poles （地极） — face more threats.These areas experience great climate changes， making life harder for species already dealing with tough conditions.As climate change gets worse， these extreme environments change more quickly， bringing more danger to the animals there. 　　This study offers important information on protecting wildlife as the world warms.“Knowing which creatures are most at risk is very important for planning how to protect them，” commented Earth.org.By focusing on the most at-risk species， conservationists （环境保护主义者） can do their work better， use limited resources well and improve the chances of keeping biodiversity alive despite environmental challenges. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了气候变化对动物生存的影响，特别是哪些动物因气候变化而面临更高的灭绝风险。 5.What does the underlined word “vulnerable” in paragraph 2 probably mean？（　　） A.Likely to be harmed. B.Difficult to be affected. C.Possible to be forgotten. D.Unnecessary to be protected. 解析：A　词义猜测题。根据第一段中的Many beloved animals ...are at risk of disappearing because of climate change.和选项可知，画线词所在句子表示“随着地球气候持续变化，哪些动物最为脆弱”，vulnerable的意思是“脆弱的，容易受到伤害的”，和likely to be harmed意思相近。 6.Why are smaller animals more likely to die out？（　　） A.More enemies and less places to hide. B.Short life period and little need for food. C.Easy destruction of habitats and slow growth. D.High energy burning and inability to move far. 解析：D　细节理解题。根据第三段和第四段可知，小型动物更容易灭绝是因为它们能量消耗大，无法跑很远。 7.What can we infer about the species in areas with extreme weathers？（　　） A.Their survival chances are likely to decrease. B.They might move to safer environments over time. C.Their population will experience a sharp reduction. D.They may gradually adapt to the changing conditions. 解析：A　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段可知，生活在极端气候地区的物种的生存几率可能会降低。 8.What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage？（　　） A.To explain a research method. B.To introduce the findings of a study. C.To show conservationists’ difficulties. D.To stress the value of wildlife protection. 解析：B　写作意图题。通读全文，尤其是第二段可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是介绍一项研究的发现。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五 　　（2026·江西九江期末）In a world that’s getting busier and busier， creating a quiet place for reading can let you get away from daily stress.It also helps you stay focused and enjoy your time better.With just a few simple and smart changes， anyone can turn their reading corner into a peaceful space. 　　Comfort is important when it comes to choosing furniture for your reading space.A comfortable chair supports your back and invites long periods of relaxation.A special small table next to your seat can be really useful.9.　　 　　Many people look for methods to reduce stress and enable a more enjoyable reading experience.10.　　 Besides this， think about functional things like a weighted blanket， which can help you during moments of stress. 　　11.　　 Some people prefer complete silence， while others enjoy soft background music or nature sounds.Find out what works best for you.If background noise makes you less focused， think about ways to block noise or make sure your reading space is away from typical household noise. 　　Bringing things of nature indoors enriches a reading space.12.　　 Houseplants such as snake plants or pothos are easy to take care of and can improve air quality.Greenery softens the room and creates a sense of connectedness with the outdoors， creating a peaceful environment. 　　Your reading environment should mirror your personal style and preferences.Put in things that feel right for you， like paintings that cheer you up， or photos that bring back happy memories.13.　　 And they also help develop a deeper emotional connection with the place where you read. A.They make it more inviting and enjoyable. B.Personal touches make any space feel like home. C.However， always remember to buy things wisely. D.It doesn’t matter how you take in and enjoy the material. E.A peaceful reading environment is often based on sound control. F.Something promoting calmness， like teas， can make a difference. G.It provides space for your reading materials， bookmarks or a cup of tea. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何通过一些简单而巧妙的方法，将阅读角落打造成一个宁静、舒适且个性化的空间，从而帮助人们远离日常压力，享受阅读时光。 9.G　上文指出阅读角的小桌子很实用。G项（它为你的阅读材料、书签或一杯茶提供了空间）具体解释了这张小桌子的实用之处。 10.F　上文提到人们寻找减轻压力的方法，下文提到加重毯子等物品，本空应举例说明有助于减轻压力的物品。F项（像茶之类能促进平静的东西可以起到作用）符合语境。 11.E　根据下文内容可知，本段核心围绕阅读空间的声音、噪音控制展开。E项（安静的阅读环境往往基于对声音的把控）能概括下文内容，符合语境。 12.A　上文提到将自然元素引入室内，下文举例说明室内植物的作用，A项（它们让室内更有吸引力和乐趣）总结自然元素对阅读空间的影响，符合语境。 13.B　上文列举了贴合个人风格的布置物品，下文说明这些物品的另一重作用。B项（个人风格让任何空间都有家的感觉）说明依据个人风格布置物品的好处，符合语境。 Ⅲ.语法填空 　　We are on a hike on the plains of Xizang to observe Tibetan antelopes， a species 14.　　　　　　 once faced serious threats from illegal hunting and habitat 15.　　　　　　 （lose）.Valued for their fur， they were mercilessly hunted and killed.Besides， some of their habitats gave way 16.　　　　　　 new roads and railways.In the 1980s and 1990s， their population dropped sharply by over 50％. 　　In order to prevent Tibetan antelopes from 17.　　　　　　 （die） out， the Chinese government set up the Changtang National Nature Reserve and took a series of measures， such as building bridges and gates on the plains 18.　　　　　　 （help） them move freely and safely.Moreover， volunteers like Zhaxi， our local guide， were asked to conduct round-the-clock patrols（巡逻）.Zhaxi considers 19.　　　　　　 land sacred， believing protecting the wildlife is important not only for the animals but also for the people there. 　　These efforts proved to be 20.　　　　　　 （effect）.Starting from 2015， Tibetan antelopes were no longer an 21.　　　　　　 （endanger） species.However， the government continues the protection programs， as the species still faces some threats. 　　We should realize that although great progress 22.　　　　　　 （make） in protecting wildlife in the past years， much remains to be done.We must learn to live in harmony with nature if we want to 23.　　　　　　 （true） save our planet. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在西藏平原徒步旅行观察藏羚羊的经历，介绍了藏羚羊曾面临的威胁，以及为了保护藏羚羊，中国政府所采取的措施。 14.which/that　考查定语从句。句意：我们正在西藏平原徒步旅行，观察藏羚羊，这是一种曾经面临非法狩猎和栖息地丧失严重威胁的物种。设空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a species，先行词在从句中作主语，指物，所以空处需用关系代词which/that引导定语从句。 15.loss/losses　考查词形转换。句意参见上题解析。设空处为介词from的宾语，应用所给词的名词形式，也可用其复数形式表示所有的栖息地的丧失。 16.to　考查介词。句意：此外，它们的一些栖息地让位给了新的公路和铁路。give way to为固定短语，意为“让位给；对……让步”。 17.dying　考查非谓语动词。句意：为了防止藏羚羊灭绝，中国政府建立了羌塘国家级自然保护区，并采取了一系列措施。prevent sb/sth from doing sth为固定短语，意为“阻止某人/某物做某事”。 18.to help　考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，在平原上建造桥梁和大门，来帮助它们自由而安全地移动。句子谓语为set up和took，设空处在句中作目的状语，应用动词不定式形式。 19.the　考查冠词。句意：扎西，我们的当地向导，像其他志愿者一样，认为这片土地是神圣的。land为可数名词，此处表特指，所以用定冠词修饰。故填the。 20.effective　考查词形转换。句意：这些努力证明是有效的。此处应用形容词作表语。故填effective。 21.endangered　考查词形转换。句意：从2015年开始，藏羚羊不再是濒危物种。此处修饰名词species，应用形容词作定语。故填endangered。 22.has been made　考查动词的时态和语态。句意：我们应该意识到，尽管过去几年在保护野生动物方面取得了巨大进展，但仍有很多工作要做。make在句中作谓语动词，且根据时间状语in the past years可知应用现在完成时，并且动词make与主语progress构成被动关系，故应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语great progress为不可数名词。故填has been made。 23.truly　考查词形转换。句意：如果我们想真正拯救我们的星球，我们必须学会与自然和谐相处。根据句意，空处修饰动词save作状语，应用副词，故填truly。 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $