Unit 2 Section Ⅱ Using language（Word教参）-【学霸笔记·同步精讲】2026-2027学年高中英语必修第一册（外研版）

本讲义聚焦高中英语构词法核心知识点，系统梳理合成法、派生法、转化法、缩略法四种构词类型。通过故事实例引入，结合教材典句引导感悟，分类归纳构成规则，再设计运用练巩固，形成“实例感知-规则归纳-实践运用”的学习支架。 该资料以“形式-意义-使用”三维语法观为特色，通过真实语篇（如残疾人士故事）培养语言能力，分类对比（如合成词复数规则、派生前后缀）提升思维品质，多样化练习（听力填空、语篇补全）发展学习能力。课中辅助教师分层教学，课后助力学生查漏补缺，强化知识应用。

Section Ⅱ　Using language Part Ⅰ　Grammar 构词法 　　Last weekend①， I met a man who was disabled② in the street.We talked for a while and he told me his past life when he was healthy③.He had worked in a car-factory④ for five years and was an experienced⑤ worker.Then an accident left him disabled.While listening to his story I realized that he had suffered a lot.I hugged him and offered a few words of comfort⑥ and some money to him.He was very excited⑦ and thanked me with tears in his eyes.That day I learned helping others is a kind of happiness⑧. ①合成：week（周）＋end（结束）→weekend n.周末 ②派生：dis-（否定前缀）＋able（能）→disable adj.丧失能力的，有残疾的 ③派生：health（健康）＋-y（形容词后缀）→healthy adj.健康的 ④合成：car （汽车）＋factory （工厂）→car-factory n.汽车厂 ⑤派生：experience （经验）＋-ed（形容词后缀）→experienced adj.有经验的 ⑥转化：comfort （vt.安慰）→comfort （n.安慰） ⑦派生：excite （使激动）＋-ed （形容词后缀）→excited adj.激动的 ⑧派生：happy（高兴的，幸福的）去y变i＋-ness（名词后缀）→happiness n.快乐，幸福 ——运用“形式—意义—使用”三维动态语法观 英语中常见的单词构成方法有：合成法、派生法、转化法和缩略法。 一、合成法 【先感悟】 ①（教材典句）This made me realize that there’s no egg in eggplant either. ②（教材典句）Neither is there pine nor apple in pineapple. 【会发现】 句①和句②中的蓝体词都是由两个词连在一起合成的一个新词，这种词叫　合成词　，这种构词法被称为合成法。 【善归纳】 1.合成名词 构成方式 举例 构成方式 举例 名词＋名词 bookshop书店 动词＋名词 playground操场 名词＋动词 daybreak破晓 副词＋名词 downtown市中心 名词＋动词-ing handwriting书写 形容词＋名词 greenhouse温室 2.合成形容词 构成方式 举例 构成方式 举例 名词＋动词-ing peace-loving爱好和平的 形容词＋名词 part-time兼职的 名词＋动词-ed man-made人造的 形容词＋动词-ing good-looking好看的 副词＋动词-ing outstanding杰出的 形容词＋名词-ed warm-hearted热心的 3.合成副词 构成方式 举例 构成方式 举例 形容词＋名词 sometimes有时 副词＋名词 indoors在室内 介词＋名词 alongside在一边 副词＋介词 nearby在附近 4.合成代词 构成方式 举例 代词宾格＋self herself她自己　 himself他自己 物主代词＋self myself我自己　 yourself你自己 代词＋名词 anything 任何东西 somebody 某个人 5.合成动词 构成方式 举例 名词＋动词 sunbathe晒太阳　 typewrite打字 形容词＋动词 whitewash粉饰　 safeguard保卫 副词＋动词 overthrow推翻　 upset使生气 名师点津 （1）合成名词的复数形式通常是把主体名词变复数。若没有主体名词，则把最后一个词变为复数形式。例如：father-in-law→fathers-in-law， grown-up→grown-ups。 （2）由man或woman构成的合成名词变复数时，两个名词都要变成复数。例如：woman doctor→women doctors。 （3）由“名词＋名词”构成的复合名词，在变复数时，只变化中心名词，修饰名词不变。例如：girlfriend→girlfriends。 【运用练】 （1）写出下列合成词的汉语意思 ①salesman　　　　　售货员　 ②snow-white　　　雪白的　 ③hard-working　　　勤奋的　 ④blacklist　　　黑名单　 ⑤roommate　　　室友　 ⑥undergo　　　经历　 （2）将下列合成名词变为复数形式 ⑦daughter-in-law→　daughters-in-law　 ⑧go-between→　go-betweens　 ⑨man teacher→　men teachers　 ⑩Englishman→　Englishmen　 二、派生法 【先感悟】 ①（教材典句）If harmless actions are the opposite of harmful actions，why are shameless and shameful behaviors the same？ ②（教材典句）You also have to wonder at the unique madness of a language ... ③（教材典句） ...but when the lights are out， they are invisible. 【会发现】 句中的蓝体词皆是由一个单词加上　前缀　或　后缀　构成的新词，这种构词法叫派生法。 【善归纳】 1.前缀 前缀一般只改变单词的意思，不改变词性。 分类 举例 常见否定 前缀 il-→illegal　　　　非法的 un-→unhappy　　不高兴的 im-→impatient　　不耐烦的 dis-→disappear　　消失 in-→incorrect　　不正确的 non-→non-stop　　不停的 ir-→irregular　　不规则的 分类 举例 表示其他意义的常见前缀 anti-（反对；抵抗）→antibody　抗体 sub-（下面的）→subway　　地铁 inter-（互相）→Internet　　互联网 re-（再；又）→rewrite　　重写 en-（使……）→enrich　　使富足 pre-（前；预先）→preview　　预习 post-（后的）→post-war　　战后的 mid-（中；半）→midnight　　午夜 vice-（副的）→vice-manager　　副经理 micro-（微）→microscope　　显微镜 for-/fore-（先；预）→forecast　　预报 co-（共；同）→cooperation　　合作 mini-（小型）→miniskirt　　迷你裙 2.后缀 后缀常会改变单词的词性，构成意思相近的其他词性；少数后缀还会改变词义，变为与原来词义相反的新词。 分类 列举 举例 常见 名词 后缀 -er/-or（从事……的人） -ese（某地人） -ess（雌性） -ian（……的人） -ist（专业人员） -ism（主义） -ment（性质；状态） -ness（性质） -tion/-ation（动作；过程） -dom（状态；区域） teacher　　教师 Japanese　　日本人 waitress　　女服务员 musician　　音乐家 artist　　艺术家 optimism　　乐观主义 movement　　运动 darkness　　黑暗 invention　　发明 freedom　　自由 续表 分类 列举 举例 常见动词 后缀 -en（变成） -fy（使……化） -ize（使……成为） widen　　加宽 beautify　　美化 realize　　意识到 常见形容 词后缀 -al， -able， -an， -ble -ern， -ful， -ive， -less， -like， -ly， -y -ous， -some national　 民族的 reasonable　　合理的 careful　　细心的 active　　有活力的 useless　　无用的 friendly　　友好的 dangerous　　危险的 分类 列举 举例 常见副词 后缀 -ly（以……方式） -ward（s）（表示方向） quickly　　　迅速地 angrily　　生气地 northward（s）　　朝北 upward（s）　　向上 常见数词 后缀 -teen， -th， -ty thirteen　　　十三 fourth　　第四 fifty　　五十 【运用练】　单句语法填空 ①The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate populations and homes of giant pandas， and 　eventually　 （eventual） achieve a desired level of population in the wild. ②Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road， in order to promote environmental 　protection　 （protect）. ③Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more 　meaningful　 （meaning）. ④As the song goes， this long and winding road “will never 　disappear　 （appear）”， and it will always stick in the visitor’s memory. ⑤In order to 　enrich　 （rich） students’ after-school life， an exhibition of students’ traditional Chinese paintings is being held by our school. ⑥Wish you an 　unforgettable　 （forgettable） time here！ Thank you. 三、转化法 【先感悟】 Not only can you post specific questions， but you can also broaden your knowledge by reading posts from other English learners around the world. 【会发现】 句中的两个post词性不同：第一个post的词性为　动词　，意为“　发帖子　”；第二个post的词性为　名词　，意为“　帖子　”。 【善归纳】 在不改变词形的前提下将一个词由一种词性转化为另一种词性，这种方法被称为转化法。 转化 举例 名词 ↑↓ 动词 hand 手/递　watch 手表/观看 smoke 烟/吸烟　fish 鱼/钓鱼 名词 ↑↓ 形容词 light 光线/轻的　wrong 错误/错的 right 右边/对的 转化 举例 动词 ↑↓ 形容词 clean 打扫/干净的　close 关上/近的 free 使自由/自由的 副词 ↑↓ 形容词 enough 足够地/足够的 last 最后/最后的 hard 努力地/辛苦的 转化 举例 读音不同， 词性不同 这些词作动词时重音在后，作名词时重音在前： contest 竞赛　　　export 出口 increase 增加　　permit 允许 record 记录　　refuse 拒绝 progress 进步 【运用练】　同义句转换 ①We had lunch together after the meeting. →We 　lunched　 together after the meeting. ②Let’s fill the water into this bottle. →Let’s 　bottle　 the water. ③You are so fat that you have to go on a diet. →You are so fat that you have to 　diet　. ④Snow often falls in my hometown in winter. →It often 　snows　 in my hometown in winter. 四、缩略法 【先感悟】 ①（教材典句）When you see the capitalized “WHO” in a medical report，do you read it as the “who” in “Who’s that？” ②（教材典句）What about “IT” and “US”？ 【会发现】 句①②中的WHO， IT， US是截取单词的　首字母　组合而成的单词。 【善归纳】 缩略法，即用单词首尾字母组成一个新词。读音主要有两种形式：各字母分别读音和作为一个单词读音。 缩写 全称 汉语意思 BBC British Broadcasting Corporation 英国广播公司 UN United Nations 联合国 VIP Very Important Person 大人物，贵宾 ID Identification Card 身份证明 IT Information Technology 信息技术 PRC People’s Republic of China 中华人民共和国 WHO World Health Organization 世界卫生组织 【运用练】　写出下列缩写词 ①the Communist Party of China→　CPC　中国共产党 ②the United States→the 　US　美国 ③the Voice of America→　VOA　美国之音 ④World Wide Web→　WWW　万维网 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1.Our 　organization　 （organize） aims to provide clean water to remote villages. 2.I couldn’t find my way around the city because I was 　unfamiliar　 （familiar） with the streets. 3.I came 　across　 an interesting article while browsing the Internet. 4.If he studies regularly，he is likely 　to pass　 （pass）the exam. 5.In addition 　to　 my full-time job，I also volunteer at a local animal shelter. 6.Theme parks offer more educational things than 　amusement　 （amuse） parks do. 7.They decided to walk to the neighborhood park，where there was a river that they liked to swim in when it was 　particularly　 （particular） hot. Ⅱ.写出下列蓝体词的汉语意思 1.He decided to shoulder the burden of his family. 　承担，担负　 2.After work，the saleswoman didn’t head straight home. 　女售货员　 3.He was ill for some days， and his wife nursed him kindly. 　看护，照料　 4.You should picture to yourself the brilliant future ahead of you. 　想象；设想　 5.There are more newly-built houses in this village than in that one. 　新建的　 6.The middle-aged woman is going to visit her mother this afternoon. 　中年的　 7.From her eyes， we can see that the little girl is hungering for education. 　渴望得到　 8.They decided to have another paper-making factory set up in this town. 　造纸　 Part Ⅱ　Listening and speaking 一、听力清障 1.dim sum　　　　　　　　　　点心 2.spring rolls　　春卷 3.care about yourself　　关心你自己 二、教材听力二次开发 （一）听力测试 Listen to the conversations in the textbook and choose the best answers. Conversation 1 1.What can we infer from the conversation？（　　） A.A has never heard of dim sum before. B.B doesn’t like traditional Chinese food. C.A doesn’t want to buy anything from the restaurant downstairs. 2.Where does “dim sum” come from？（　　） A.Beijing dialect. B.Guangdong dialect. C.Sichuan dialect. Conversation 2 3.What was the problem during the movie？（　　） A.The movie was too boring. B.Someone in front of B was talking loudly on her phone. C.The sound of the movie was too low. 4.What is the word “cellfish” about？（　　） A.It is about a negative personality. B.It is about a selfish way of using cellphones. C.It means not caring about others when seeing a movie. Conversation 3 5.What can we infer about A？（　　） A.A is not familiar with Internet slang. B.A doesn’t like Lucy’s reply. C.A often uses Internet slang in daily life. 6.In which situation can we use “LOL”？（　　） A.When we think something is really funny. B.When we think something is not interesting. C.When we think someone is in low spirits. 答案：1－6　ABBBAA （二）听力填空 Listen to the conversations again and fill in the blanks. Conversation 1 A：I’m going to buy something to eat from the restaurant 1.　downstairs.Would you like anything？ B：Oh yes， please.Could you order me some dim sum？ A：2.　Some what　？ B：Dim sum. A：What kind of food is that？ B：It’s a kind of 3.　traditional　 Chinese food from South China， including dumplings， spring rolls， meatballs and so on. A：Oh， I see.So “dim sum” comes from Chinese？ B：Yes，that’s right.In fact， it comes from the Guangdong dialect.In Mandarin or Putonghua it would be “dian xin”. A：Well，it sounds good！ Maybe I’ll order that 4.　as well　 ... Conversation 2 A：How was the movie？ B：It was great， but someone in front of me was talking so loudly 5.　on her phone　. A：How cellfish！ B：Yes， I agree.Very 6.　selfish　. A：Ah， do you know what I mean by “cellfish”？ B：Of course！ When you say “selfish”， you mean only 7.　caring about　 yourself and not about other people，right？ A：That’s what “selfish” with an “s” means， but I’m talking about “cellfish” starting with the letter “c”. B：I haven’t heard that word before.What does it mean？ A：It means using a cellphone in a way that shows you don’t care about the other people around you. B：That’s interesting.How do you spell it？ A：C-E-L-L-F-I-S-H.It’s the words“cellphone” and “selfish” 8.　put together　. B：Oh，I see ... Conversation 3 A：Darling， could you take a look at this message from Lucy？ I have no idea what she’s talking about ...again. B：What has she said？ A：Well， I told her a joke that Bob told me today at the office， and， as you see， she 9.　replied　 “LOL”.What’s that for？ B：Oh， LOL！ It’s a 10.　shorter　 way of saying “laugh out loud”. A：I’ve never seen or heard that before.Where does it come from？ B：It was first used on the Internet.You use it to show you think something is very 11.　funny　. A：Oh，okay. B：12.　Keep up with　 the times，darling！ 1.contact vt.联系，联络 n.接触，联系 教材原句　a friend that you contact by writing，traditionally using a pen ... 一个你通过写信联系的朋友，传统上使用钢笔…… 【用法】 （1）be in contact with　　　接触；与……有联系（表状态） keep/stay in contact with　　与……保持联系 （2）lose contact with　　与……失去联系 be out of contact with　　与……失去联系（表状态） make contact with　　与……取得联系 【佳句】　Those who are interested in the job， please get in contact with the Students’ Union this week. （通知） 那些对这份工作感兴趣的人，请在本周与学生会联系。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①We have kept 　in　 contact with each other since we graduated from high school. ②My father and his friend have been out 　of　 contact with each other for nearly 30 years. 【写美】　完成句子 ③如果你想报名参加校园英语演讲比赛，请在本周五前通过以下方式与班长联系。 （通知） If you want to sign up for the school English speech contest， please 　contact the monitor　 via the following ways before this Friday. 2.likely adj.可能的，可能发生的→unlikely adj.不太可能的 【用法】 （sb/sth）be likely to do sth （常与more， most连用）　　　　　　　（某人/物）可能做某事 It’s likely （that）＋从句 很可能…… Not likely！　　（表示强烈的否定）绝不可能；才不呢！ 【佳句】　If you can find suitable learning methods， your learning efficiency is likely to improve. 如果你能找到合适的学习方法，你的学习效率很可能会提高。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①Generally speaking， the harder you work， the more likely you are 　to become　 （become） successful. ②For most students， it’s quite 　unlikely　 （likely） that they can pass the College Entrance Exam only by luck. 【写美】　句式升级 ③If we continue to overuse plastic bags， the environment is likely to suffer more serious pollution. →If we continue to overuse plastic bags， 　it is likely that　 the environment will suffer more serious pollution.（it作形式主语） 维度一：基础题型练 单句语法填空 1.If you have any questions，you can make contact 　with　 me by e-mail. 2.Please mark any words that are unfamiliar 　to　 you in the English reading passage. 3.If you grow up in a large family，you are more likely 　to develop　 （develop） the ability to get on well with others. 4.While searching for English novels in the school library， Li Hua came 　across　 a collection of classic poems that she had long wanted. 5.Since the 1970s，voluntary 　organizations　 （organize） have been springing up all over the world，gradually becoming an active power in social development. 6.Fifteen minutes of morning reading every day is a great 　addition　 （add） to your English study， which helps you improve your reading skills. 维度二：语法与写作 写出下列句中蓝体词的词性及含义 1.The cook always brushes a little oil over the top of the pizza with a brush. 　v.刷　　　n.刷子　 2.The doctor advised her to take more exercise.So， to keep fit， she exercises every day. 　n.锻炼；运动　　　v.锻炼；运动　 3.He has gone all out to receive a better education to better himself. 　adj.更好的　　　v.改善　 4.All the people present at the meeting were presented with a beautiful present. 　adj.出席的，到场的　　　v.赠送　　　n.礼物　 5.If they are nursed properly， the plants will flower in early spring. 　v.培育　　　v.开花　 6.He fooled a lot of people into believing that he was noble-minded. 　v.欺骗　　　adj.品德高尚的　 维度三：语法与语篇 利用构词法知识，结合中英文提示补全短文 　　After school yesterday， I 1.　headed　 （朝……走去） towards the school gate and noticed a new classmate standing alone on the playground.She kept wiping her eyes， so I was very 2.　confused　 （confuse） and walked over to ask her why she was sad.She told me she had just transferred to our school and couldn’t get used to the new environment.She said she felt 3.　homesick　 （想家的） and missed her old friends and family deeply.Seeing the 4.　broken-hearted　 （伤心的） girl struggling to hold back tears， I hugged her 5.　tightly　 （tight） and told her I would be her friend.We chatted for a while， and she finally smiled.I felt happy that I could comfort someone in need. Ⅰ.阅读理解 A 　　（2026·广东湛江二十一中月考）Handwritten Chinese characters （文字） can be beautiful.I still remember looking at Chinese and not understanding anything it said and yet feeling a strong attraction （吸引力）.In fact， some students start learning Chinese because of the characters.After having studied Chinese for a while， I realized that handwriting in Chinese takes a very long time to learn. 　　Living as we do in a digital era with smartphones and computers， most students sooner or later ask themselves this question： Is it really necessary to learn how to write by hand in Chinese？ When using smartphones or computers， we can use phonetic input （语音输入） systems， which choose the characters we want for us as long as we can remember how they are pronounced.Since we enter different characters， we seldom need to be able to recognize the difference between characters in detail； the computer makes the right choices for us.Do we really need to write Chinese by hand at all？ 　　I think most people agree that you should learn to write at least some characters at some point as a student of Chinese， although not necessarily straight away and not necessarily all the characters that you can say.But unless you don’t care about written language at all， you should learn the basics of handwriting.Without it， it will be very hard to understand characters.You don’t need to be a calligraphy master （书法大师）， but you do need basic handwriting skills to do this.Simply looking at things is， as usual， a bad way of learning. 　　I think learning the most common 500 characters or so is a good idea for all students.If you actually want to write by hand， increase that to 1，000.Then learn to handwrite characters outside of the 1，000 most common on a need-to-know basis. 语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。我们生活在一个拥有智能手机和电脑的数字时代，手写汉字真的有必要吗？作者给出了自己的答案——手写汉字有必要。 1.What does the author think of Chinese characters？（　　） A.They are less communicative than English words. B.They attract some foreigners to learn Chinese. C.They show the greatness of Chinese culture. D.They are not really that difficult. 解析：B　细节理解题。根据第一段中的In fact， some students start learning Chinese because of the characters.可知，汉字吸引一些外国人学习中文。 2.What can we infer about characters in paragraph 2？（　　） A.Characters are very difficult for foreigners to learn. B.People believe learning to write characters is important. C.People doubt the necessity of learning to write characters. D.Characters may disappear with the development of society. 解析：C　推理判断题。根据第二段中的Is it really necessary to learn how to write by hand in Chinese？和Do we really need to write Chinese by hand at all？可知，人们怀疑学习汉字的必要性。 3.What does the underlined word “this” in paragraph 3 refer to？（　　） A.Understanding characters. B.Being a calligraphy master. C.Keeping a good learning habit. D.Learning basic handwriting skills. 解析：A　代词指代题。根据第三段中的Without it， it will be very hard to understand characters.可知，画线词this指代上文中的“理解汉字”。 4.Which would be the best title for the text？（　　） A.Is it necessary to learn to write Chinese characters by hand？ B.When was the last time you wrote something by hand？ C.What rules are there for handwriting？ D.How to write Chinese characters on a computer？ 解析：A　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章讨论的是我们生活在一个拥有智能手机和电脑的数字时代，学习中文手写真的有必要吗？作者给出了自己的答案——手写汉字有必要。A项（有必要学习手写汉字吗？）概括全文，最适合作文章标题。 B 　　（2026·重庆名校联盟月考）If you’re afraid that your brain will slow down as you grow older， try using a language learning app or devote yourself to a different culture for some time.A new study published in Nature Aging points out that speaking multiple languages could slow the process of growing old， keeping your mind younger for a longer time. 　　Researchers studied data from more than 86，000 people aged 51 to 90 from 27 European countries.They found that people who only spoke one language were nearly twice as likely to experience faster growing old.People who could switch between at least two languages had about half the risk.The beneficial effects even become stronger as they learn more new languages. 　　Then comes the question： why does learning a language seem to keep your brain flexible and your body younger？ The idea is that switching vocabularies， grammar systems and cultural backgrounds keeps your brain active.This kind of “cross-training” works for the brain just as regular exercise works for the body. 　　The researchers agree that this connection isn’t perfect.But even after considering factors like age， health and environment， the advantages of multilingual people still remain strong.This shows that learning multiple languages has real benefits besides the natural value of understanding different cultures more deeply. 　　All this is good news for most parts of the world， where being able to speak two languages is common.However， the news is not so good for English-speaking countries like the United States， the United Kingdom and Australia.About three quarters of the people there only speak English. 　　As brain diseases like dementia that weaken the brain are becoming more common， it’s probably time to start your Duolingo app or your old Rosetta Stone language learning system.Or maybe you can watch some Spanish TV shows. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。一项新研究发现，掌握多种语言可延缓衰老进程，让大脑保持年轻状态，并解释相关原理与现实意义。 5.What did the researchers find about people who speak two languages？（　　） A.They grow old faster. B.They will stop growing old right away. C.More languages bring no effects for them. D.Their risk of growing old is lower. 解析：D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的They found that ...who could switch between at least two languages had about half the risk.可知，会说两种语言的人衰老的风险更低。 6.Why does learning many languages keep the brain young？（　　） A.It makes the brain stay active. B.It helps people exercise more. C.It improves memory quickly. D.It allows people to sleep better. 解析：A　细节理解题。根据第三段中的The idea is that switching vocabularies， grammar systems and cultural backgrounds keeps your brain active.可知，学习多种语言能让大脑保持年轻，是因为这种学习能让大脑持续处于活跃状态。 7.What can we infer from the text？（　　） A.The research results about language learning are perfect. B.Environment has a bigger influence than language learning. C.People in English-speaking countries may need to learn a second language. D.Only young people can benefit from learning multiple languages. 解析：C　推理判断题。根据第五段内容可推断，英语国家的人们可能需要学习一门第二语言，以此降低衰老加速的风险。 8.What is the main idea of the text？（　　） A.Learning more languages can improve the beneficial effects. B.Speaking multiple languages helps slow the process of growing old. C.Learning multiple languages helps people understand different cultures. D.Language learning apps are useful tools for brain training. 解析：B　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章开篇点明主旨——一项发表在《自然·衰老》的新研究指出，掌握多种语言可以延缓衰老进程，让大脑保持年轻状态；随后通过研究数据、原理分析、不同地区情况对比等内容展开论述。B项（掌握多种语言有助于延缓衰老进程）能全面概括文章核心内容。 Ⅱ.完形填空 　　（2026·福建华安一中月考）When I lived in China， it was a struggle for me to learn Chinese and adapt to Chinese 　9　.When I first went to school， I was surprised at the class 　10　.There were about sixty students in our class.And the students were not so 　11　 as those in the US where we often had open discussions. 　　However， it was not a big 　12　 for me because when I went to school， I did not 　13　 anything that the teachers and students said.I 　14　 sat in my seat without 　15　 anything.After I went home， I 　16　 and told my mom that I wanted to go back to my homeland. 　　When I calmed down， I 　17　 that I had to study Chinese very hard， but it was very difficult to learn the language.Every day at school， I tried to 　18　 Chinese students and make friends with them.When school was over， I studied Chinese all night using elementary school books.It 　19　 to be a good way for me to learn Chinese.　20　， I began to speak Chinese in school.Finally， I became 　21　 during class and began to make some friends.　22　， I achieved a high grade in the exam and was also able to adapt to Chinese living. 　　Now， I like to talk with Chinese friends and I like Chinese food， too.The experience of 　23　 to learn Chinese in China was very valuable for me.I will never forget that time when I learned so much. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者刚来中国时，学习汉语和适应中国的风俗习惯对作者来说是一件很困难的事情，但是作者通过不断努力学习，最终在考试中取得了很高的成绩，也能够适应中国的生活。 9. A.arrangements　　　 B.styles C.customs　 D.climates 解析：C　根据第三段最后一句中的was also able to adapt to Chinese living可知，此处意为“适应中国的习俗”。 10. A.system　 B.size C.design　 D.event 解析：B　根据下文There were about sixty students in our class.可知，班上大约有六十名学生，作者对班级的规模感到惊讶。 11. A.relaxed　 B.friendly C.certain　 D.patient 解析：A　根据those in the US where we often had open discussions可知，中国学生不像美国学生那样经常进行公开讨论，不像美国学生那样放松。 12. A.mistake　 B.danger C.error　 D.problem 解析：D　根据However可知，班级规模和班级气氛不活跃对作者来说不是一个大问题。 13. A.believe　 B.prepare C.understand　 D.provide 解析：C　根据anything that the teachers and students said可知，作者不明白老师和学生说的任何东西。 14. A.just　 B.still C.also　 D.seldom 解析：A　根据上文作者不明白老师和学生说的任何东西可知，作者只是坐在座位上，什么也没做。 15. A.contacting　 B.doing C.observing　 D.affording 解析：B　参见上题解析。 16. A.continued　 B.changed C.cried　 D.admitted 解析：C　根据上文作者的无助以及told my mom that I wanted to go back to my homeland可判断，作者是哭着告诉妈妈的。 17. A.decided　 B.explained C.guessed　 D.imagined 解析：A　根据I had to study Chinese very hard可知，作者此时决定做出改变。 18. A.talk to　 B.watch over C.turn to　 D.look into 解析：A　根据and make friends with them可知，作者试着和中国学生交谈。 19. A.made out　 B.worked out C.made it　 D.turned out 解析：D　根据a good way for me to learn Chinese可知，这证明“和中国学生交谈，和他们交朋友”对作者来说是一个学习中文的好方法。 20. A.One after another　 B.Little by little C.Above all　 D.For example 解析：B　根据语境可知，渐渐地作者开始在学校说中文。 21. A.amazed　 B.curious C.active　 D.unique 解析：C　根据Finally可知，在课堂上作者终于变得活跃。 22. A.Naturally　 B.Normally C.Obviously　 D.Professionally 解析：A　根据上文的学习过程以及作者的改变可知，自然地作者就获得了一些成就。 23. A.begging　 B.exploring C.competing　 D.struggling 解析：D　根据上文可知，努力学习中文的经历对作者来说很宝贵。 Ⅲ.语法填空 　　（2026·福建华安一中月考）Do you want to learn a foreign language？ Choose one of the most 24.　　　　　　 （use） languages suggested below to learn. 　　In most countries all over the world， English is 25.　　　　　　 most widely used second language.Whether a person is traveling to a foreign country or communicating 26.　　　　　　 people from other 27.　　　　　　 （country） for business purposes， English is a language which will come in handy at every step. 　　Spanish is the language of business in about twenty countries.There are many jobs in the United States as well as in many other countries， which specially ask for people 28.　　　　　　 know how to speak and write Spanish. 　　The Chinese economy is booming！ In the future， China 29.　　　　　　 （become） the economic world leader， which makes it the perfect time to learn Mandarin Chinese， a language 30.　　　　　　 （speak） by millions of people. 　　French 31.　　　　　　 （recognise） as one of the top languages to learn， 32.　　　　　　 （simple） because it is a chief language in northern and western Africa.Anyone trying to understand European history can benefit a lot from 33.　　　　　　 （learn） this language. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要为想要学习外语的人介绍并推荐了几种语言。 24.useful　考查词形转换。空处修饰名词languages，需用形容词作定语。故填useful。 25.the　考查冠词。根据语境和most widely可知，此处意为“最广泛的”，需用定冠词修饰。故填the。 26.with　考查介词。communicate with sb 意为“与某人交流”。故填with。 27.countries　考查名词的数。country是可数名词，other后面需用名词复数形式。故填countries。 28.who/that　考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句，先行词是people，指人，在定语从句中作主语，故填who/that。 29.will become　考查动词的时态。分析句子结构可知，空处为主句谓语动词，根据时间状语In the future可知，应用一般将来时。故填will become。 30.spoken　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句子已有谓语动词will become，空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词language，speak和language为逻辑上的动宾关系，需用过去分词形式。故填spoken。 31.is recognised　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处为谓语动词，此处陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，French和recognise为被动关系，需用一般现在时的被动语态。主语French为不可数名词，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填is recognised。 32.simply　考查词形转换。空处修饰整个句子，需用副词作状语。故填simply。 33.learning　考查非谓语动词。from为介词，后面需用动词-ing形式作宾语。故填learning。 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $