Unit 2 Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas（Word教参）-【学霸笔记·同步精讲】2026-2027学年高中英语必修第一册（外研版）

本高中英语讲义聚焦英语词汇的趣味性与创造性，通过分析"pineapple"等词汇构成、"wind up"一词多义、"go off"熟词生义等现象，构建"课前导入激趣-速读理清脉络-精读领悟细节-语言点拓展应用"的学习支架，帮助学生系统理解语言特点。 该资料以趣味话题为载体，融合语言能力与思维品质培养。课前结合图片提问引导学生猜主题，激发探究欲；精读环节设计段落目的、作者态度等问题，提升文本理解与逻辑推理能力；语言点部分通过"seasick/airsick/carsick"排比与转折等实例，培养批判性思维。课中辅助教师分层教学，课后语法填空、阅读理解等练习帮助学生巩固知识，查漏补缺。

Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas Part Ⅰ　Reading comprehension 第一步　课前导入·激趣启思 According to the title of the passage and the following pictures， can you guess what the passage is about？Is it about food， plants， cooking or words？ 　In my opinion， it’s about words， because from the title “Neither Pine nor Apple in Pineapple” I can guess that in the passage the author will talk about word formation or something interesting about English.　 第二步　速读课文·理清脉络 1.What is the main idea of the passage？（　D　） A.Sharing the difficulty in learning different English words well. B.Instructing how to spell difficult English words correctly. C.Analyzing the reasons for inventing the English language. D.Showing how interesting and creative the English language is. 2.Structures and clues 第三步　精读课文·领悟细节 Task 1：Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers. 1.What is the purpose of the first paragraph？（　　） A.To introduce English is interesting and creative. B.To tell us English is difficult to learn. C.To direct our attention to the word formation. D.To lead to the topic of discussion. 2.What does the author try to tell us in paragraph 3？（　　） A.Some English words are really confusing. B.Some English words are hard to remember. C.The way adjectives change into adverbs. D.Words ending with -less and -ful have the same meanings. 3.How does the author develop the passage？（　　） A.By providing examples. B.By making comparisons. C.By following the way of spelling. D.By following the order of importance. 4.Why does the author say “English was invented by people” in the last paragraph？（　　） A.Because the English words show everything around us. B.Because the language helps us communicate with others. C.Because the language proves how creative human being is. D.Because the English words are unique in the world. 5.Where is the text probably from？（　　） A.A novel.　 B.A news report. C.A book review.　 D.A magazine. 答案：1－5　DAACD Task 2：Think creatively and critically and answer the questions. 1.What attitude should we have towards learning English？ 　We should have a positive attitude to learning English because a language is not only a tool for communication but also a window into a country.We can learn more about a country through language learning.　 2.What do you think is the most important in learning English？ 　I think the most important is to use what we learned in class.In our daily lives，we should try our best to express ourselves in English as much as possible.Only when we speak it out loud can we have a good command of it and can we become more and more confident.　 第四步　课文融通·学以致用 　　根据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 　　As an English learner， I once asked 1.　myself　 （I）why English learners often have trouble 2.　learning　 （learn） English.The following examples may help you understand why English often makes people 3.　confused　 （confuse）. 　　4.　In　 our free time we can paint a painting， but we take a photo.We can get seasick at sea， airsick in the air and carsick in a car， 5.　but　 we don’t get homesick when we get back home.And speaking of home， why aren’t homework and housework the same thing？ We can say “it’s raining” or “it’s snowing” when we look out of the window and see rain or snow.But when we see sunshine， we can’t say “it’s sunshining”.6.　Actually　 （actual）， even the smallest words can be confusing.In the English language， you fill in a form by filling it out， and 7.　an　 alarm is only heard once it 8.　goes　 （go） off！ 　　English 9.　was invented　 （invent） by people， not computers， and it reflects the 10.　creativity　 （create） of the human race.That is why when I wind up my watch， it starts， but when I wind up this passage， it ends. Neither Pine nor Apple in Pineapple 　　Have you ever asked yourself why people often have trouble learning English①？[1]I hadn’t， until one day my five-year-old son asked me whether there was ham in a hamburger.There isn’t.This made me realize that there’s no egg in eggplant either.[2]Neither is there pine nor apple in pineapple.[3]This got me thinking② how English can be a crazy language to learn. 　　For example③， in our free time④ we can sculpt a sculpture⑤ and paint a painting⑥， but we take a photo⑦.And when we are traveling we say that we are in the car or the taxi， but on the train or bus！[4]While we’re doing all this traveling， we can get seasick⑧ at sea， airsick in the air and carsick in a car， but we don’t get homesick⑨ when we get back home.And speaking of⑩ home， why aren’t homework and housework the same thing？ 　　If “hard” is the opposite of⑪ “soft”， why are “hardly” and “softly” not an opposing pair？ If harmless actions are the opposite of harmful actions， why are shameless and shameful behaviors the same？ 　　When we look out of the window⑫ and see rain or snow， we can say “it’s raining” or “it’s snowing”.But when we see sunshine， we can’t say “it’s sunshining”. 　　【释疑难】　[1]I hadn’t是I hadn’t ever asked myself的省略形式；until引导时间状语从句；whether引导宾语从句。 　　[2]neither ...nor ...是并列连词，意为“既不……，也不……”；此处否定词Neither 位于句首，句子用部分倒装。 　　[3]句中how引导宾语从句。got me thinking是“get＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构。 　　[4]but连接两个并列句。While引导时间状语从句；when引导时间状语从句。 　　【赏靓点】　心理描写：儿子的天真提问whether there was ham in a hamburger让作者意识到汉堡无火腿、茄子无鸡蛋的语言矛盾；后续got me thinking与crazy language则生动串联起作者从“意外发现”到“主动思索”，细腻刻画了认知转变的过程。 排比＋转折句式：get seasick at sea， airsick in the air and carsick in a car为“-sick后缀＋对应场景”的排比；后续用but衔接转折，通过“规律”与“矛盾”的反差，强化了英语“看似有逻辑却处处反常”的特点。 　　Even the smallest words can be confusing.[5]When you see the capitalized “WHO” in a medical report⑬， do you read it as the “who” in “Who’s that？” What about “IT” and “US”？ 　　[6]You also have to wonder at⑭ the unique madness of a language in which a house can burn up⑮ as it burns down⑯， in which you fill in⑰ a form by filling it out， and in which an alarm is only heard once it goes off！ 　　English was invented by people， not computers， and it reflects the creativity of the human race⑱.[7]That is why when the stars are out， they are visible， but when the lights are out， they are invisible.And that is why when I wind up⑲ my watch， it starts， but when I wind up this passage， it ends. 　　【释疑难】　[5]When引导时间状语从句。capitalized为分词化形容词作定语，修饰WHO。 　　[6]三个in which都引导定语从句，修饰先行词language。as引导时间状语从句；once引导条件状语从句。 　　[7]That is why ...意为“那就是为什么……”。why引导表语从句；when引导时间状语从句。 　　【赏靓点】　心理描写：作者用have to wonder at生动刻画了自己面对英语中burn up与burn down同指“烧毁”、 fill in和fill out同指“填表”等矛盾现象时，既觉荒谬离谱又忍不住惊叹的心理；unique madness更是直白传递出他对英语这种“无厘头”特性的调侃式感慨，让读者能共情到这种对语言“不合理”的无奈又觉有趣的心态。 　　排比式定语从句：以in which引导的三个并列定语从句，句式工整且节奏紧凑，既强化了英语“疯狂”的核心特点，也让论证更具冲击力，读起来有层层递进的荒谬感。 1.语块翻译 ①　学英语有困难　 ②　让我开始思考　 ③　例如　 ④　闲暇时　 ⑤　雕一座塑像　 ⑥　画一幅画　 ⑦　拍一张照片　 ⑧　晕船　 ⑨　想家　 ⑩　讲起……，说到……　 ⑪ 　……的反义词　 ⑫ 　向窗外看　 ⑬ 　医学报告　 ⑭ 　对……感到诧异　 ⑮ 　烧毁，烧尽　 ⑯ 　烧毁　 ⑰ 　填写（表格等）　 ⑱ 　人类　 ⑲ 　给（机械）上发条；使（活动、会议等）结束　 2.熟词生义 go off （Para.6） 熟义：离开（尤指去做某事） 文中义：（警报器等）突然发出巨响 参考译文 菠萝≠松树＋苹果 　　你有没有问过自己，为什么人们常常觉得学英语很困难？我以前从未想过这个问题，直到有一天，我5岁的儿子问我 hamburger （汉堡包）里面有没有ham （火腿）。答案是没有。这让我意识到， eggplant （茄子）里面也没有egg （鸡蛋），而 pineapple （菠萝）里既没有pine （松树），也没有 apple （苹果）。这让我陷入思考：对于学习者而言，英语到底可以有多疯狂呢？ 　　例如，闲暇时我们可以雕一座雕像 （sculpt a sculpture）、画一幅画 （paint a painting），但只能拍一张照片 （take a photo）。旅行时，我们坐汽车或出租车时是说坐在里面 （in），坐火车或公共汽车时却要说坐在上面 （on）！同样，我们会在海上晕船 （seasick at sea）、在飞机里晕机 （airsick in the air）、在车里晕车 （carsick in a car），但回到家里我们却不会“晕家” （homesick，实际意义为“想家的”）。说到家，为什么homework （家庭作业）和 housework （家务）（这两个英语单词看起来很像意思却）不是一回事呢？ 　　如果说hard （硬）是soft （软）的反义词，为什么 hardly （几乎不）和 softly （柔和地）却不是一对反义词？如果说 harmless actions （无害行为）和 harmful actions （有害行为）意思相反，为什么 shameless behaviors （无耻行为）和shameful behaviors （可耻行为）反而是一回事？ 　　当我们望向窗外，看到雨 （rain）或雪 （snow）时，我们可以说正在下雨 （it’s raining）或正在下雪 （it’s snowing）。可我们看见阳光 （sunshine）的时候却不能说正在下阳光 （it’s sunshining）。 　　就算是最短小的单词都让人费解。如果你在医学报告中看到大写的WHO，你会把它读成Who’s that？中的who吗？那么IT和US又该怎么读呢？ 　　英语这门语言独有的疯狂令你不得不感到惊奇。在英语里，房子烧成灰烬的时候，可以说burn up （字面意思为“烧上去”），也可以说 burn down （字面意思为“烧下去”）；填表的时候，你可以 fill in a form （字面意思为“填入表里”）也可以 fill out a form （字面意思为“填到表外”）； 而且只有闹钟走了（go off 字面意思为“离开”）以后你才能听到铃声！ 　　英语是人创造的，不是计算机发明的，它反映了人类的创造力。那就是为什么 stars are out （星星出来了）的时候我们能看到星星，而 lights are out （灯灭了）的时候我们却看不到灯光。那也是当我 wind up my watch （给手表上紧发条）以后表针开始走，而我 wind up this passage （将本文收尾）后这篇文章结束的原因。 Part Ⅱ　Language points Ⅰ.阅读词汇 1.get seasick at sea　　　 在海上　晕船　 2.get airsick in the air　　在空中　晕机　 3.get carsick in the car　　在车里　晕车　 4.the capitalized “WHO”　　　大写的　“WHO” Ⅱ.写作词汇 1.the 　title　 of the passage　　这篇文章的题目 2.get 　homesick　　　想家 3.a 　unique　 work of art　　一件独一无二的艺术作品 Ⅲ.多义词汇 ①reflect the green trees and colorful flowers 　映出　绿树和五颜六色的花 ②reflect on what he has learned in school 　反思　他在学校学到的东西 Ⅳ.拓展词汇 1.　sculpt　 v.雕刻，雕塑→　sculpture　 n.雕像，雕刻品，雕塑作品 2.　opposing　 adj.（观点、意见等）相反的，相对立的→oppose v.反对 3.　behavior　 n.举止，行为→behave v.表现 4.　confusing　 adj.令人困惑的→confuse v.使困惑→confused adj.困惑的→confusion n.困惑 5.　alarm　 n.警报器；闹钟；恐慌 vt.使惊恐；使担心→alarmed adj.惊恐的→alarming adj.令人惊慌的；使人惊恐的 6.　reflect　 v.显示，反映→reflection n.显示，反映 7.　creative　 adj.创造（性）的→　creativity　 n.创造性，创造力→create v.创造→creation n.创造 8.　visible　 adj.看得见的，可见的→invisible adj.看不见的 【构词法】 动词＋-ing后缀构成形容词 ①frighten→frightening（令人害怕的） ②challenge→challenging（富有挑战性的） ③amaze→amazing（令人吃惊的） ④excite→exciting（令人兴奋的） Ⅴ.短语互译 1.　have trouble doing sth　　　　做某事有困难 2.　neither ...nor ...　　　既不……也不…… 3.　in one’s free time　　　在某人空闲时 4.　fill in/out a form　　　填表格 5.get ...doing sth　　　使……做某事　 6.speak of　　　谈到，提及　 7.wonder at　　　对……感到诧异　 8.burn up/down　　　烧毁　 9.wind up 　给（机械）上发条；使（活动、会议等）结束　 Ⅵ.句型填空 1.句型公式：make sb do ...使某人…… 教材原句：This 　made me realize　 that there’s no egg in eggplant either. 这让我意识到了eggplant （茄子）里也没有egg （鸡蛋）。 2.句型公式：neither ...nor ...连接并列成分 教材原句：　Neither is there pine nor apple　 in pineapple. pineapple （菠萝）里既没有pine （松树），也没有apple （苹果）。 3.句型公式：That is why ...那就是为什么…… 教材原句：And 　that is why　 when I wind up my watch， it starts， but when I wind up this passage， it ends. 那就是为什么当我wind up （给手表上紧发条）以后表针开始走，而我wind up （收尾）这篇文章时，它就结束了。 写作词汇集释 1.behavior n.举止，行为→behave v.举动；（举止或行为）表现 教材原句　If harmless actions are the opposite of harmful actions， why are shameless and shameful behaviors the same？如果说harmless actions （无害行为）和harmful actions （有害行为）意思相反，为什么shameless behaviors （无耻行为）和shameful behaviors （可耻行为）反而是一回事？ 【用法】 （1）good/bad behavior　　　良好/不良行为 （2）behave well/badly to/towards sb　　对待某人好/不好 behave oneself　　守规矩，表现得体 【佳句】　It is highly suggested that you （should） behave yourself when attending dinner parties.（建议信） 强烈建议你参加晚宴时举止得体。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①I think all of us should mind our 　behavior　 （behave） in public places. ②Behave 　yourself　 （you） in public， and you will win the respect of most of us. 【写美】　完成句子 ③当孩子们表现良好时，我们说他们就像天使一样。 When children 　behave well　， we say they are like angels. 2.confusing adj.令人困惑的→confuse vt.使糊涂；使迷惑→confused adj.糊涂的；迷惑的→confusion n.混乱；困惑 教材原句　Even the smallest words can be confusing.就算是最短小的单词都让人费解。 【用法】 （1）confuse A with/and B　　把A与B混淆 （2）be/get confused by/about ...　　对……感到困惑 （3）in confusion　　困惑地，混乱地 【佳句】　He looked at the sculpture in confusion， not knowing what to say. （神态描写） 他困惑地看着雕像，不知道要说什么。 【点津】　-ing形式的形容词表示“事物”的性质和特征，意为“令人……的”；-ed形式的形容词往往表示“人”所处的状态，意为“感到……的”。修饰face， look， expression， voice等时，常用-ed形式的形容词。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①In addition，I always confuse John 　with/and　 his brother，because they are so much alike. ②The instructions on the box are rather 　confusing　 （confuse） and no one can understand them. ③This question made me 　confused　 and I just stood there in 　confusion　， not knowing what to do next.（confuse） 【写美】　完成句子 ④得知你对中国的风俗习惯感到困惑，我写信告诉你一些细节。 Learning that 　you are confused by/about the Chinese customs　，I am writing to inform you of some details. 3.reflect v.显示，反映；反射（声音或光）；思考→reflection n.映像；反射→reflective adj.（指物体表面）反射热的，反光的；沉思的，深思的 教材原句　English was invented by people， not computers， and it reflects the creativity of the human race. 英语是人创造的，而不是计算机发明的，它反映了人类的创造力。 【用法】 （1）reflect sb/sth （in sth）　（在……中）映出某人/某物的影像 be reflected in　　被映照在……，被反映在…… reflect on/upon　　认真思考；沉思 （2）on/upon reflection 　　经再三思考 【佳句】　The snow-covered mountains are reflected in the still lake，creating a peaceful atmosphere.（景物描写） 白雪皑皑的群山倒映在寂静的湖面上，营造出一种宁静的氛围。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①At first I thought it was a bad idea，but 　on/upon　 reflection I realised she was right. ②When the sun’s rays hit the Earth，a lot of heat 　is reflected　 （reflect） back into space. ③On dark nights children should wear 　reflective　 （reflect） clothing. ④The little boy rushed to help the old woman，　reflecting　 （reflect） his kind nature. 【写美】　完成句子 ⑤（2023·全国甲卷）孔子的智慧激励我们反思自身行为，并对周围的世界产生积极影响。 Confucius’ wisdom encourages us to 　reflect on our own actions　 and have a positive influence on the world around us. 阅读词汇清障 Ⅰ.一词多义 快速阅读下列句子并选出句中加蓝词汇对应的意思 1.reflect A.v.显示；表达　　 B.v.反射 C.v.反思；回想　 D.v.（水面、镜子等）映出 ①The tall buildings along the river are reflected in the clear water， forming a beautiful picture.　　D　 ②After the exam， Lily reflected on her weak points in math and made a study plan for next month. 　　C　 ③White walls reflect more light than dark ones， making the room brighter. 　　B　 ④His kind actions reflect his warm and generous personality. 　　A　 2.burn up A.消耗（能量）　　 B.烧毁　　 C.（火）烧旺 ①A sudden fire burned up the old wooden house before the firefighters arrived. 　　B　 ②Doing sports for an hour every day can burn up extra calories and keep you fit. 　　A　 ③Put more wood into the campfire， and it will burn up to keep us warm at night. 　　C　 Ⅱ.熟词生义 根据语境写出加蓝词的词性和含义 1.Li Hua was awarded the title of “Star Student of the Campus” for what he did for our school. 　n.称号　 2.I felt a growing sense of alarm when he did not return to our flat that night. 　n.惊慌　 重点句型解构 1.句型公式：have trouble （in） doing sth 教材原句　Have you ever asked yourself why people often have trouble learning English？ 你有没有问过自己，为什么人们常常觉得学英语很困难？ 【用法】 句中have trouble doing sth意为“做某事有困难/费力”，且doing 前面省略了介词in；其中trouble 为不可数名词，前面可用some， any， no， little等词来修饰。表示“做某事有困难”的常见结构： （1）have trouble/difficulty/problems （in） doing sth做某事有困难/麻烦 （2）have trouble/difficulty/problems with sth 在某方面有困难/麻烦 【点津】　在使用have trouble/difficulty （in） doing sth时，trouble/difficulty往往提前，作为主句中的先行词，定语从句中谓语变为have doing形式。 【写美】　微写作 ①听到这个坏消息后，她悲痛欲绝，说不出话来。 （情绪描写） Upon hearing the bad news，she，numb with grief， 　had trouble speaking　. ②无论何时我们在学习上遇到困难，李老师总是耐心地帮助我们。 （人物介绍） 　Whenever we have trouble with our studies　， Mr Li always helps us patiently. ③你无法想象我们在解决这道数学难题时遇到了多大的困难。 You can’t imagine 　what great difficulty we have had solving　 this math problem. 2.句型公式：neither ...nor ...连接并列成分 教材原句　Neither is there pine nor apple in pineapple. pineapple （菠萝）里既没有 pine （松树），也没有apple （苹果）。 【用法】 句中neither ...nor ...意为“既不……也不……”，可连接任意两个并列的成分。 （1）neither ...nor ...连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数应和邻近的主语一致，遵循“就近一致”原则。 （2）neither位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装，即将系动词、助动词或情态动词提至主语前。 （3）表示“一个人没有做某事，另一个人也没做同一类事”时，可用neither或nor引起的部分倒装句进行简略回答，其结构为：Neither/Nor＋助动词/情态动词/be动词＋主语。 【佳句】　Neither should we try to escape from difficulties nor should we be defeated by them. 我们既不应该试图逃避困难，也不应该被困难打败。 【写美】　微写作/句式升级 ①我的家乡是一个宜居的地方，既没有严重的污染，也没有拥挤的交通。 （介绍家乡） My hometown is a livable place， where there is 　neither serious pollution nor crowded traffic　. ②自从Jerry和Jack回来后，他们都没有谈论过在营地里发生的事情。 　Neither Jerry nor Jack has talked　 about the things which happened in the camp ever since they came back. ③I neither knew nor cared what had happened to him. →　Neither did I know nor did I care what had happened to him.　（用倒装结构改写） 3.句型公式：That is why ... 教材原句　That is why when the stars are out， they are visible， but when the lights are out， they are invisible.那就是为什么 stars are out （星星出来了）的时候我们能看到星星，而 lights are out （灯灭了）的时候我们却看不到灯光。 【用法】 句中That is why ...意为“那就是为什么……”；why引导表语从句；That指代上文提到的事实。 其他相关句型： （1）This/That is/was why ...这/那就是为什么……（why引导表语从句，表示结果） （2）This/That is/was because ...这/那是因为……（because引导表语从句，表示原因） （3）The reason why ...is/was that ...……的原因是……（why引导定语从句并在从句中作状语；that引导表语从句，表示原因） 【佳句】　I was impressed with the beauty and grace of Chinese dance.This is why I enrolled on a course to learn more about it. 我对中国舞蹈的优美和优雅印象深刻，这就是为什么我报名参加了一个课程，希望能更多地了解它。 【写美】　微写作/一句多译 ①我将参加一个重要的会议，这就是为什么我不能和你一起去书店。 （道歉信） I will attend an important meeting，and 　this is why I can’t go to the bookstore with you　. ②我没能按时参加你的生日派对的原因是我突然发烧了。 →I suddenly had a fever.　That was why　 I wasn’t able to attend your birthday party on time. →I wasn’t able to attend your birthday party on time.　That was because　 I suddenly had a fever. →　The reason why　 I wasn’t able to attend your birthday party on time 　was that　 I suddenly had a fever. 维度一：品句填词 1.Each of us is 　unique　 （独一无二的） and there is no one else in the world who is the same as you. 2.He set two 　alarm　 （闹钟） clocks in case he got up late. 3.To make a sandwich， you should put a slice of 　ham　 （火腿） between two slices of bread. 4.The names of political parties are always 　capitalized　 （大写的）， for example， the Green Party. 5.The address must be clearly 　visible　 （看得见的） through the window of the envelope. 6.On seeing these wonderful sculptures　，everyone present let out a cry of surprise. 7.The students began to feel homesick　 after they had been here for a month. 8.The author intends to write an article with the title　 “Care for the Next Generation”， based on a true story. 维度二：词形转换 1.On 　reflection　 （reflect）， she decided to accept his offer after all. 2.Although they choose the same major， their schedules are 　opposing　 （oppose）. 3.His writing is so 　confusing　 （confuse） that it’s difficult to make out what he is trying to express. 4.At the meeting， he referred to the importance of developing students’ 　creativity　 （create）. 5.As we all know，being a good neighbor is more or less about considerate 　behavior　 （behave）. 6.We’ve all heard that the global temperature is rising at an 　alarming　 （alarm） rate. 7.He felt 　invisible　 （visible） in the crowded classroom， as if no one noticed his presence. 8.The new-media industry attracts young and 　creative　 （create） people. 9.I’m 　confused　 （confuse） about what I am going to do after graduation. 维度三：固定搭配和句式 1.“What have you done？” Ellie cried 　in　 alarm. 2.Panda，an interesting and charming creature，is unique 　to　 China. 3.Parents warn kids that they will wind 　up　 as failures if they don’t study hard. 4.You can’t imagine what trouble we had 　walking　 （walk） home in the snowstorm. 5.To improve your performance，you need more time to reflect 　on/upon　 your creativity at work. 6.Using a telescope，Galileo discovered stars that were invisible 　to　 the naked eye. 7.He was opposed 　to　 my suggestions on how to improve the project，which made me disappointed. 8.　Speaking of　 （说起） money， I don’t think the more the better. 9.He’s a French， so he can 　neither speak nor write Chinese　 （既不会说也不会写中文）. 10.He lost the game and 　that was why　 （那就是为什么） he didn’t come to attend the celebration party. Ⅰ.阅读理解 A 　　（2026·广东八校联盟月考）Last summer， I went to France for a holiday.I was so excited but also a little nervous because my French was not good. 　　One hot afternoon， after exploring the city， I felt really tired.I wanted to tell my French friend， Claire， “I am a little tired.” I carefully said the words I’d learned： “Je suis un pue fatigue.” 　　But Claire burst out laughing.My face felt hot.What had I done wrong？ Claire explained， “In French， there are words that sound similar but have very different meanings； ‘peu’ means ‘a little’， but if you pronounce it differently， it can sound like ‘pue’， which means ‘stinks’ — like something smells bad.So， instead of saying you needed a rest， it sounded like you were saying you smelled bad and were tired”. 　　This awkward （尴尬的） moment was a real eye-opener for me.It made me realize just how daunting pronunciation can be in a foreign language.Even small differences in pronunciation can completely change the meaning of what you’re trying to say.The same is true in English， for example， “ship” （a large boat） and “sheep” （a woolly animal） sound very similar， but they mean totally different things. 　　Now， I pay extra attention to how words sound and what they mean.And if I mix them up again？ I’ll just laugh along.After all， laughing is part of learning — even if it’s a bit stinky sometimes. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者在法国旅行时因法语发音错误，将“有点累”说成“有臭味”，闹了个尴尬笑话。这次经历让他意识到外语发音的重要性，并学会以积极心态对待学习中的错误。 1.Why was the author nervous about his holiday in France？（　　） A.He was poor at French. B.He never went abroad. C.He had no friends there. D.He was in short of money. 解析：A　细节理解题。根据第一段中的...a little nervous because my French was not good.可知，作者对去法国度假感到紧张是因为他的法语不好。 2.What awkward moment did the author meet？（　　） A.He met a wrong person. B.He made a pronunciation mistake. C.He was tricked by the locals. D.He spelt a word incorrectly. 解析：B　细节理解题。根据第三段中Claire的解释可知，作者遇到的尴尬时刻是发音错误。 3.What lesson did the author learn from his embarrassing experience？（　　） A.It is better to stay silent than to risk making mistakes. B.Mastering grammar is more important than pronunciation. C.A tiny error in speech can lead to a major misunderstanding. D.French is the most difficult language for foreigners to learn. 解析：C　推理判断题。根据第四段中的Even small differences in pronunciation can completely change the meaning of what you’re trying to say.以及下文提到的ship和sheep的发音相似但意思完全不同的例子，可以推断出作者从这次尴尬的经历中学到了一个教训：语言中的微小错误可能导致重大的误解。 4.How did the author’s experience in France affect him？（　　） A.He smelled bad and was tired. B.He hated learning foreign languages. C.He no longer considered Claire as a friend. D.He became open to mistakes in language learning. 解析：D　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，作者在法国的经历让他对语言学习中的错误持开放态度，他不再害怕犯错，而是选择以积极的心态面对并从中学习。 B 　　（2026·山东菏泽一中期中）Language is not just a tool for communication； it’s also a playground for the mind.English， in particular， is noted for its rich vocabulary and influence from many different languages， which provides a great basis for creativity and humor.One example of this is the use of puns （双关语）， the clever or humorous use of a word that has more than one meaning， or of words that have different meanings but sound the same. 　　Puns can be categorized （分类） into different types.Homophonic puns rely on word pairs that sound alike but have different meanings， like “A bicycle can’t stand on its own because it’s two-tired.” Homographic puns use words that are spelled the same but have different meanings and sometimes different pronunciations， for example， “I can’t bear the weight of that bear.” 　　Compound puns often combine homophonic and homographic elements， creating even more complex wordplay， for example， “I was struggling to figure out how lightning works， but then it struck me.” 　　The history of puns in English literature and culture is rich and interesting.Following their development shows how language， culture， and humor have changed over time.Puns have been a part of English literature from the early days， appearing in medieval （中世纪的） texts and Shakespeare’s plays， often used for humor or to show double meanings.During the Victorian Era， strict social norms promoted the use of puns， as they allowed people to comment on issues subtly （巧妙地） while avoiding directness.Today， puns are widely used in advertising， television， and social media， reflecting how English wordplay adapts to different contexts and media. 　　People’s opinions of puns have changed throughout history.Once seen as a sign of cleverness， puns were sometimes criticized （批评） as low-level humor.However， in recent years， they’ve regained popularity， largely because of the Internet and social media， which allow for quick sharing and creativity in pun-based humor. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英语中双关语的类型、历史发展及其在不同时期的社会应用与人们对它的态度变化。 5.What does the first sentence in paragraph 1 mainly show？（　　） A.The development of language over time. B.The difficulty of learning a new language. C.The creative and playful aspect of language. D.The different functions of language in daily life. 解析：C　推理判断题。根据第一段第一句可知，该句将语言比作“心灵的游乐场”，强调了语言具有创造性和趣味性的一面。 6.Which of the following contains a homographic pun？（　　） A.You can call a bee from America a USB. B.Six is afraid of seven because seven ate nine. C.Time flies like an arrow； fruit flies like a banana. D.I only know 25 letters of the alphabet； I don’t know Y. 解析：C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的Homographic puns use words that are spelled the same but have different meanings and sometimes different pronunciations可知，C项中flies拼写相同，既可以表示“飞行”，也可以表示“苍蝇”，属于同形双关语。 7.What was the major purpose of using puns in the Victorian Era？（　　） A.To break social rules. B.To express ideas indirectly. C.To spread different opinions. D.To make communication easier. 解析：B　细节理解题。根据第四段中的During the Victorian Era， ...allowed people to comment on issues subtly while avoiding directness.可知，维多利亚时代人们使用双关语的主要目的是间接表达观点。 8.What is the last paragraph mainly about？（　　） A.The rise and fall of the popularity of puns. B.The new changes of language in recent years. C.The relationship between language and society. D.The influence of social media on modern humor. 解析：A　段落大意题。根据最后一段内容可知，该段主要讲述了双关语受欢迎程度的兴衰变化。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五 　　（2026·宁夏银川一中期中）It can be a challenge to learn a new language like English.9.　　 Here are some tips to help you become a better English learners. 　　Studying every day comes first.Learning any new language is a time-consuming process， more than 300 hours according to some linguists （语言学家）.Rather than memorize passively for a few hours or review once or twice a week， most experts say short， regular study sessions are more effective.10.　　 　　Keep things fresh.Instead of focusing on one single task for the entire study session， try mixing things up.Study a little grammar， then do a short listening exercise， and then perhaps read an article on the same topic.Don’t do too much， and 20 minutes on three different exercises is plenty.11.　　 　　12.　　 Talking with English natives， watching English movies or listening to English music whenever you have a chance can also help you unconsciously do better in pronunciation， speech patterns as well as listening. 　　Writing exercises are a great way to practice.Take 30 minutes at the end of the class or study to write down what happened during your day.13.　　 By making a habit of writing， you will find your writing skills improve over time. A.Speak， watch and listen. B.It is true that you are gifted in writing. C.It is not easy to learning a new language well. D.But with right learning methods， you can get over it. E.It doesn’t matter whether you use a computer or pen and paper. F.As little as 30 minutes a day can improve your English skills over time. G.The variety will keep your attention focused and make studying more fun. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了有助于成为一个更好的英语学习者的四个建议。 9.D　根据上下文可知，空处应该是一个承上启下的句子，D项中的it代指上文的challenge，下文中的some tips呼应D项中的right learning methods，与上文构成转折关系。 10.F　根据most experts say short， regular study sessions are more effective可知，空处应就short， regular study sessions展开，F项承接上文，符合语境。As little as 30 minutes对应short， a day对应regular。 11.G　根据上文可知，不要长时间地只关注一个任务，可以采用多样化的练习方式，以保持学习的新鲜感，G项对上文的做法作了解释，说明这么做的好处。 12.A　该空是本段的中心句。根据下文可知，本段围绕Talking、watching、listening给出学习英语的建议，A项与下文语意一致。 13.E　段落核心主题是“写作练习是一种有效的英语学习方式”，上文明确给出具体做法，聚焦“写作动作本身”。下文强调的核心是“坚持写作”的结果。E项精准补充了“写作工具”这一细节——既不偏离“写作练习”的核心，又消除了学生可能对“用什么写”的顾虑，顺承上文“写下一天发生的事”，自然衔接下文“养成写作习惯”。 Ⅲ.语法填空 　　Language， 14.　　　　　　 unique symbol of human civilization， has a deep root that 15.　　　　 （date） back to ancient times.Every dialect carries its own character 16.　　　　　　 （specific） and reflects the history， culture and attitudes of its people.Normally 17.　　　　　　 （base） on factors like geography， society and trade， these dialects are gradually developing.With the global communication 18.　　　　　　 （increase）， understanding and appreciating the diversity of languages has become more vital than ever. 　　19.　　　　　　 the great advancements in educational technology， the struggle to expand one’s vocabulary remains a challenge for many learners.This challenge does not only refer to learning new words 20.　　　　　　 understanding their varieties of uses.Some believe that having advanced vocabulary is the key to effective communication.One of the equal 21.　　　　　　 （require） is regularly burying oneself in reading materials.From their point of view， a positive feeling towards vocabulary learning can make a significant difference.It exposes learners to words in various contexts， 22.　　　　　 （allow） for a richer understanding.After all， words， 23.　　　　　　 are more than just signs， are a reflection of our thoughts and world around us.The more international and globalized the world becomes， the more language characteristics will be shared between nations and cultures. 语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了语言的重要性及方言的意义，说明了词汇学习的挑战性，以及积极学习有助于丰富理解和跨文化交流。 14.a　考查冠词。空处修饰名词单数，表示泛指，用不定冠词，因为unique的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。句意：语言，作为人类文明独一无二的象征，有着可追溯至远古时代的深厚根源。 15.dates　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。设空处为定语从句的谓语动词，根据句意可知，本句时态为一般现在时；从句主语为that，指代先行词a deep root，为单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故填dates。句意参见上题。 16.specifically　考查词形转换。空处作状语，用副词形式，故填specifically。句意：每一种方言都独具特色，反映了其使用者的历史、文化与态度。 17.based　考查非谓语动词。空处为非谓语动词作状语；主语these dialects和动词base之间为逻辑上的被动关系，用过去分词形式，故填based。句意：通常基于像地理、社会和贸易等因素，这些方言在逐步发展演变。 18.increasing　考查非谓语动词。空处作宾语补足语；宾语the global communication和动词increase之间为逻辑上的主动关系，用动词-ing形式，故填increasing。句意：随着全球交流日益频繁，理解并欣赏语言的多样性变得前所未有的重要。 19.Despite　考查介词。空处为介词形式，意为“尽管”，句首首字母大写，故填Despite。句意：尽管教育技术取得了巨大进步，但对许多学习者而言，扩充词汇量仍是一项挑战。 20.but　考查固定搭配。not only ...but （also） ...意为“不但……而且……”，为固定搭配，故填but。句意：这一挑战不仅在于学习新单词，还在于理解其多样的用法。 21.requirements　考查名词的数。“one of＋名词的复数形式”意为“……之一”，故填requirements。句意：同样重要的一点是要经常沉浸于阅读材料之中。 22.allowing　考查非谓语动词。空处作状语，表示自然而然的结果，用动词-ing形式，故填allowing。句意：阅读能让学习者在各种语境中接触单词，从而加深理解。 23.which　考查定语从句。空处为定语从句的关系词，先行词为words，在非限制性定语从句中作主语，故填which。句意：毕竟，单词不仅仅是符号，更是我们思想以及周围世界的反映。 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $