Unit 1 Section Ⅱ Using language（Word教参）-【学霸笔记·同步精讲】2026-2027学年高中英语必修第一册（外研版）

本讲义聚焦高中英语基本句子结构与成分这一核心知识点，系统梳理主语、谓语、宾语等七大成分及主谓、主系表、主谓宾等八种基本句式，通过“先感悟—会发现—善归纳—运用练”的学习支架，引导学生从例句感知到自主总结再到实践运用，构建完整知识脉络。 该资料以“形式—意义—使用”三维动态语法观为指导，语法部分通过表格归纳成分特征、即时练习巩固，培养学生分析与归纳的思维品质；听力口语结合时间管理真实情境，词汇讲解融入“用法—佳句—写美”模块，提升语言理解与表达能力。课中助力教师系统授课，课后通过语法与语篇、完形填空等多维度练习，帮助学生查漏补缺，养成自主学习习惯。

Section Ⅱ　Using language Part Ⅰ　Grammar 基本句子结构 　　Some people think that sport does us good in many ways.① Not only does sport help people to stay fit and healthy②， but the competition and teamwork in sport also give people a lot of motivation for pushing themselves hard③. Others believe that sport is not the only way to do this. Eating well is a big part of a healthy life.④ Meanwhile， sport can actually be dangerous.There are millions of people hurt each year in playing sport⑤， and some of them are hurt very seriously⑥. ①句为主谓宾结构；that引导的从句作动词think的宾语； ②句为主谓宾宾补结构；动词不定式短语作宾语补足语； ③句为主谓宾宾结构：主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语； ④句为主系表结构，动词-ing短语作主语；名词短语作表语； ⑤句为there be句型，真正的主语是millions of people； ⑥句为主谓状结构；副词短语作状语。 ——运用“形式—意义—使用”三维动态语法观 一、句子成分 组成句子的各个部分叫句子成分。根据各个部分在句子中所起的作用分别称为主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和补语。其中主语和谓语是句子的主体。 【先感悟】 ①English proves very important. ②To see is to believe. ③The suggestion sent to the committee was adopted. ④They like you very much. ⑤I found the old man in good health. ⑥The girls in red are running fast. ⑦He brought me a cup of tea. ⑧Collecting stamps is my hobby. 【会发现】 1.以上句子的主语分别为：　English　， 　To see　， 　The suggestion　， 　They　， 　I　， 　The girls　， 　He　， 　Collecting stamps　。综上，名词、动词不定式、代词、动词-ing短语可作主语。 2.以上句子的谓语分别为：proves， is， was adopted， like， found， are running， brought， is。常用作谓语动词的有：　实义动词和系动词　。 3.句④⑤⑦的宾语（object）分别为：you， the old man， me和a cup of tea。句⑦的直接宾语（direct object）为　a cup of tea　，间接宾语（indirect object）为　me　。综上，名词（短语）、代词可作宾语。 4.句①②⑧的表语（predicative） 分别为：　important　， 　to believe　， 　my hobby　。综上，名词、动词不定式、形容词可作表语。 5.句⑤的宾语补足语（object complement）为：　in good health　。 6.句⑤⑥⑦⑧的定语（attributive）分别为：　old　， 　in red　， 　a cup of　， 　my　。综上，代词、形容词、介词短语可作定语。 7.句①④⑥的状语（adverbial）分别为：　very　， 　very much　， 　fast　。 【善归纳】 句子成分包括以下几类： 成分 意义 位置 可充当词 主语 S（subject） 句子的主体，是谓语陈述、说明的对象，说明动作由“谁”发出 位于 句首 名词（短语）、代词、数词、动词不定式（短语）、动词-ing（短语）、从句等 谓语 V（verb） 谓语表示主语的行为或状态，谓语动词与主语在人称和数上须保持一致 主语 之后 实义动词（V）和系表结构（VP） 宾语 O（object） 表示行为或活动的对象、接受者或受影响者 动词或 介词后 名词（短语）、代词、数词、动词不定式（短语）、动词-ing（短语）或从句等 成分 意义 位置 可充当词 直接宾语 DO（direct object） 表示动作的对象、承受者或后果，一般是物 动词后 名词、代词 间接宾语 IO（indirect object） 表示动作是向某人或为某人做的，一般是人 动词后 名词、代词 表语P （predicative） 用来说明主语的身份、性质、状况等 系动 词后 名词、形容词、介词短语、分词（短语）、动词-ing形式（短语）、动词不定式（短语）、从句等 成分 意义 位置 可充当词 宾语补足语OC （object complement） 补充说明宾语的动作或状态 宾语后 名词、形容词、介词短语、动词不定式（短语）、分词（短语）等 定语Attrib （attributive） 修饰、限制名词或代词 被修饰 词的前面或后面 名词、代词、数词、形容词、介词短语、动词不定式（短语）、分词（短语）、从句等 状语Ad （adverbial） 说明动作“何时、何地、如何”发生；说明形容词或副词的程度 位置灵活 副词、介词短语、动词不定式（短语）、分词（短语）、从句等 【运用练】 用S， V， O， P， Ad， DO， IO， OC标出句子成分 ①　Many students　 　often　 　get up early　 　in the morning　. 　　　（S）　 　 （Ad）　　（V）　　 （Ad） ②　He　 　took　 　changes　 　from his pocket　 　to buy a newspaper　. （S） （V）　 （O） 　　 　（Ad）　 　 　（Ad） ③　 . ④　A barking dog　 　seldom　 　bites　. 　 　　（S）　 　（Ad）　 （V） ⑤　Our teacher　 　told　 　us　 　an interesting story　. 　　 （S）　 （V） （IO）　 　 （DO） 二、基本句式结构 1.主谓结构（SV）：主语＋谓语（不及物动词） 【先感悟】 ①（教材典句） I replied. ②Thieves broke in. ③They walked and laughed. 【会发现】 以上各句均是主谓（SV）结构，此类句式结构的谓语动词（短语）是　不及物动词（短语）　。 【善归纳】 这种句式结构中的谓语动词为不及物动词（短语），动词后不能直接接宾语，也没有被动语态。主谓结构常用来表示主语的动作或状态。常见的不及物动词（短语）有：rise， matter， begin， come， go， happen， last， appear， work， come true， take place等。 【运用练】　标出句子成分 ①　 . ②The temperature has changed. 　 （S）　　 （V） ③The writing class had just begun. 　 （S）　 　（V） ④A fire broke out. （S） （V） 2.主系表结构（SVP）：主语＋系动词＋表语 【先感悟】 ①（教材典句） The campus was still quiet. ②Your story sounds interesting. ③His face turned red. ④Talking is the best way to let people know how you feel. ⑤The girl remained awake all night. ⑥His advice is of great help. ⑦My father’s hope is that I can go home frequently. 【会发现】 以上各句均是主系表（SVP）结构，此类句式结构的动词必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整意思。这类动词叫　系动词　。 【善归纳】 这种句式结构中的构成谓语的动词为系动词，无被动语态，也无进行时态。常见的系动词有be动词，还有感官系动词（sound， look， smell， taste， feel），变化系动词（become， get， grow， turn， go， fall， run），持续系动词（remain， keep， hold， stay），表象系动词（seem， appear， look）等。表语由名词、形容词、介词短语、分词、动词不定式或从句充当。 【运用练】　标出句子成分并尝试翻译 ①　 . 翻译：　天气变得越来越暖和。　 ②He became a teacher of English. （S）（V）　　（P） 翻译：　他成了一位英语教师。　 3.主谓宾结构（SVO）：主语＋谓语（及物动词）＋宾语 【先感悟】 ①（教材典句） I saw a white-haired man. ②Last Sunday， our school held a five-kilometer cross-country running race. ③He said “Good morning”. ④You should not give up studying. ⑤Tim said that he could speak Chinese. 【会发现】 以上各句均是主谓宾（SVO）结构，该句式结构的谓语动词（短语）是一个　及物动词（短语）　，后面必须跟宾语。 【善归纳】 这种句式结构中的谓语动词必须是及物动词（短语），一般有被动语态。用作宾语的有名词（短语）、代词、数词、动词不定式（短语）、动词-ing形式（短语）或从句等。 【运用练】　翻译句子 ①我很喜欢这些有创意的活动。（enjoy） 　I enjoy the creative activities.　 ②我在读一本有趣的小说。（read） 　I am reading an interesting novel.　 ③Youth能够有一个光明的未来。（promising） 　Youth can have a promising future.　 4.主谓宾宾结构（SVIODO）：主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语 【先感悟】 ①（教材典句）He gave me a smile. ②The woman showed me her daughter’s pictures. ③Can you lend me that book？ ④He showed me how to run the machine. ⑤I told him that the bus was late. ⑥I hope you can tell me the truth. ＝I hope you can tell the truth to me. ⑦Her father bought her a dictionary. ＝Her father bought a dictionary for her. 【会发现】 以上各句均是主谓宾宾（SVIODO）结构，即“主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语”，句中的直接宾语也可提至间接宾语前，此时，间接宾语前需加介词　to　或　for　。 【善归纳】 这种句式结构中的及物动词后跟双宾语，直接宾语指的是动作的对象、承受者或后果，间接宾语表示动作是向某人或为某人做的。通常间接宾语在前，直接宾语在后，也可把间接宾语置于直接宾语后，但间接宾语前需用介词to或for。间接宾语之前用介词to的常见动词有give， tell， teach， write， bring， lend， hand， show， offer， send， pay， order等。间接宾语之前用介词for的常见动词有buy， fetch， save， choose， sing等。 【运用练】　标出句子成分/翻译句子 ①　The man　 　showed　 　the policeman　 　his ID card　. 　　（S）　　 （V）　　 　（IO）　 　　 （DO） ②你能给我一些建议吗？ 　Could you give me some suggestions？　 ③请不要把这个消息告诉他。 　Please don’t tell him the news.　 5.主谓宾宾补结构（SVOOC）：主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补足语 【先感悟】 ①（教材典句）His words made me a lot more relaxed！ ②My teacher had me see a doctor. ③We should make our country stronger and stronger. ④I saw them getting on the bus. ⑤He asked me to come back soon. ⑥Mum requested me not to make noise. 【会发现】 以上各句均是主谓宾宾补（SVOOC）结构，谓语动词后要跟　复合宾语　 （宾语＋宾语补足语）。 【善归纳】 这种句式结构中的宾语补足语可以由名词、非谓语动词、形容词、副词或介词短语等充当。该句式常用于三类动词：①使役动词keep， make， let， have， leave， get等；②感官动词或短语see， watch， notice， observe， find， catch， look at， listen to， hear， feel， smell等；③其他动词ask， tell， allow， order， request， permit， persuade 等。 【运用练】　翻译句子 ①我发现我的大多数同学都很友好。（find） 　I find most of my classmates very friendly.　 ②在线学习让我们可以随时进行学习。（allow） 　Online learning allows us to learn at any time.　 ③我时常听到她用迷人的声音唱这首歌曲。（hear） 　I often hear her sing the song in her charming voice.　 ④今天下午我将把所有衣服都洗完。（have） 　I will have all my clothes washed this afternoon.　 6.主谓状（SVAd）：主语＋谓语＋状语 【先感悟】 ①These plants can grow quickly. ②The sun rises in the east. ③They talked for half an hour last night. ④His parents have worked in the company for ten years. ⑤She was reading when her mother came in. ⑥She danced to make the baby happy. 【会发现】 以上各句均是主谓状（SVAd）结构，此类句式结构是在句式结构主谓（SV）的基础上，接　副词　、　介词短语　、　从句　、　动词不定式　等作状语。 【善归纳】 这种句式结构中的谓语动词通常为不及物动词；副词或介词短语在句中作状语，修饰或说明谓语动词。 状语在句中位置灵活，置于谓语动词前后都可以。 【运用练】　标出句子成分/完成句子 ①My parents live in Taipei. 　（S）　 （V）（Ad） ②The toys were lying all over the floor. 　（S）　 （V）　　（Ad） ③　 ④如果被接受，我将努力为您提供最好的文章。 If accepted， 　I will work hard　 to offer you the best articles. 7.主谓宾状（SVOAd）：主语＋谓语＋宾语＋状语 【先感悟】 ①（教材典句）I looked at them in panic. ②The girl enjoys reading in the morning. ③He offered to help them at last. ④She was doing her homework at 8：00 last night. 【会发现】 以上各句均是主谓宾状（SVOAd）结构，此类句式结构是在句式结构主谓宾（SVO）的基础上，加　副词　、　介词短语　、　动词不定式　、分词、从句等作状语。 【善归纳】 这种句式结构中的谓语动词通常为及物动词；副词或介词短语在句中作状语，修饰或说明谓语动词。 【运用练】　标出句子成分/翻译句子 ①The man raised his arms above his head. 　 （S）（V）　（O）　 （Ad） ②He brought his brother to see me. （S）（V）　 （O） （Ad） ③我们将在今天下午两点开始会议。 　We will begin the meeting at two o’clock this afternoon.　 8.There be句型 【先感悟】 ①There are many respectable people around us. ②There goes the bell.Let’s go into the lecture hall. ③There seems to be a little dog under the desk. ④There happened to be a man walking by. 【会发现】 以上各句均是There be句型，该句型表示　某处存在某物或某人　。 【善归纳】 There be句型表示某处存在某物或某人。基本结构是： There is/are/was/were ...＋地点状语。be动词的单复数形式与最靠近它的名词或代词一致，即就近一致原则，be动词还可以进行多种时态形式的变化。谓语动词除be动词外，有时可用表示存在的动词，如：live， stand， lie， seem/appear to be （好像有）， happen to be （碰巧有）， used to be （曾经有）等。 【运用练】　完成句子 ①拐角处有一家餐馆。 　There is a restaurant around the corner. ②楼上住着一个五口之家。 　There lives a family of five　 upstairs. ③没有什么其他事情可做了。 　There remains nothing　 more to be done. ④似乎没人能真正理解我。 　There seemed to be　 no one who really understood me. Ⅰ.写出下列句子中画波浪线部分所作的成分 1.The question is that no one knows the location of the new hospital. 　表语　 2.To be or not to be is a question. 　主语　 3.His confidence enabled him to finish the task successfully. 　宾语补足语　 4.The class teacher had us clean the classroom yesterday. 　宾语补足语　 5.Is he the man who wants to see you？ 　定语　 6.This book gives me some ideas on how to make friends. 　直接宾语　 7.I feel it our duty to serve the people heart and soul. 　宾语　 8.What you explained just now didn’t satisfy me. 　主语　 9.We must get together again some day. 　状语　 10.If I am not busy tomorrow， I will play football with you. 　状语　 Ⅱ.写出下列句子所属的句子结构 1.The sun was shining. 　主语＋谓语　 2.The girl talked about her campus life. 　主语＋谓语＋宾语　 3.He is designing a new dress carefully. 　主语＋谓语＋宾语＋状语　 4.The tree looks tall and lush. 　主语＋系动词＋表语　 5.An old man was walking slowly and carefully. 　主语＋谓语＋状语　 6.The outgoing girl made her speech impressive. 　主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补足语　 7.Our teacher showed us an impressive experiment just now. 　主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语　 Part Ⅱ　Listening and speaking 一、听力清障 1.a to-do list　　　　　　　待办事项清单 2.take up most of our time　　占用我们大部分时间 3.make better plans　　制定更好的计划 4.do one thing at a time　　一次只做一件事 二、教材听力二次开发 （一）听力测试 Listen to the conversation in the textbook and choose the best answers. 1.What are Bruno and Maisie most likely to be？（　　） A.College students. B.Senior high school students. C.Junior high school students. 2.What common problem are they facing together？（　　） A.They are too forgetful. B.They must join different clubs. C.They can’t manage their time well. 3.How many ideas do they come up with to solve their problem？（　　） A.3.　　　　　 B.4.　　　　　　C.5. 答案：1－3　BCB （二）听力填空 Listen to the conversation again and fill in the blanks. Maisie：Hi Bruno， how are you 1.　finding life　 at senior high？ Bruno：Oh， hi Maisie.Well， it’s OK，I guess.The one problem is that I just don’t seem to have enough time for everything.There are basketball games， the music club，the school party ... Maisie：Wow， you’ve got a lot on.But it’s more or less the same for me.And I find I always 2.　forget something　. Bruno：Me too.We need to do something about it.My father told me that I should make a to-do list.What do you think？ Maisie：It’s a good idea to list the things we’re going to do. Bruno：And how about 3.　recording the time　 it takes to do the activities？We can then see what takes up most of our time and make better plans.What’s your opinion？ Maisie：Great idea.And I’ve got 4.　two more ideas.Number one， only do one thing at a time.That way， you’ll get things done more quickly.For example， if you do your homework while watching TV， it will just take longer to finish your homework.Number two，5.　do important things　 first. Bruno：Nice ideas！ Maisie：How about we try all of them for a week and see if things get better？ 1.argue v.争论，争辩→argument n.争论，辩论；论据，论点 教材原句　Argue about the week’s hottest topics with the school’s sharpest minds！ 和学校里头脑最敏锐的人辩论本周最热门的话题！ 【用法】 （1）argue with sb about/over sth　　　与某人争论某事 argue for/against （doing） sth　　　赞成/反对（做）某事 argue sb into/out of doing sth　　说服某人做/不做某事 （2）It is beyond argument that ...　　无可争辩的是…… 【佳句】　Please don’t argue with your parents， since they are just concerned about your health and study.请不要和你的父母争吵，因为他们只是关心你的健康和学习。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①He argued 　against　 smoking because he thought it was harmful to health. ②Matt and I argued 　with　 each other 　about/over　 whether or not to take part in the activity. ③We tried many ways to argue him into 　accepting　 （accept） our advice， but in vain. 【写美】　完成句子 ④无可争辩，长城是中国的象征。如果你想去北京旅行，长城是必去之地。 （建议信） 　It is beyond argument that　 the Great Wall is a symbol of China. If you want to travel to Beijing， the Great Wall is a must-visit. 2.apply v.申请；应用；涂→application n.应用；申请（书）→applicant n.申请人 教材原句　After-school activities also play a part when students apply to college. 学生申请大学时，课外活动也起到了一定的作用。 【用法】 apply （to ...） for ...　　（向……）申请…… apply oneself to doing sth　　致力于/专心于做某事 apply ...to ...　　把……应用/涂抹于…… apply to do sth　　申请做某事 【佳句】　Learning a Chinese painting exhibition will be held in our city，I’m writing to apply to be a volunteer. （申请信） 得知我市将举办中国画展览，我写信申请成为一名志愿者。 【生义】　If you have a small cut， you can clean it first and then apply some medicine to it. 如果你有小伤口，可以先清洗，然后涂抹一些药物。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①In spite of noise， the freshman still applied himself to 　reading　 （read）. ②There has been a rise in the number of students applying 　for　 food courses. ③It is required that all 　applicants　 should hand in their 　application　 forms before May 5th.（apply） 【写美】　完成句子 ④从这次经历中，我意识到最重要的事情是我们是否能够将我们所学到的东西应用到我们的工作中。（主旨升华） From this experience， I realize that the thing that matters most is whether we can 　apply what we have learned to our job　. 3.volunteer n.志愿者，义务工作者，自愿参加者 v.自愿做→voluntary adj.志愿的；自愿的 教材原句　In the UK and the US， senior high school students take part in various after-school activities， such as club activities and volunteer work. 在英国和美国，高中生参加各种课外活动，如社团活动和志愿者工作。 【用法】 自愿做某事 volunteer as　　自愿担任某职位 【佳句】　With time going by， Vincent became more willing to volunteer to ask me questions.（人物描写） 随着时间的推移，文森特变得更乐意主动问我一些问题。 Many students volunteered as volunteer workers in the community. 许多学生自愿在社区担任义工。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①I suggest that you should volunteer 　to work　 （work） as a guide at a local history museum. ②On May Day， our class went to Sunshine Nursing Home and did some 　voluntary　 （volunteer） work. 【写美】　完成句子 ③我写信是想申请学生志愿者的职位。 （申请信） I’m writing to apply for the position 　as a student volunteer　. 4.schedule n.计划表，进度表，日程表 v.安排；预定 教材原句　However， they can take up a lot of time，so students have to learn to organise their busy schedules.然而，它们会占用很多时间，所以学生们必须学会安排他们繁忙的日程表。 【用法】 （1）ahead of schedule　　提前 behind schedule　　晚于预定时间；晚点 on schedule　　按时；按时间表 （2）be scheduled for sth/to do sth　　预定某事；安排做某事 as scheduled　　按计划 【佳句】　Then a talk concerning Chinese and New Zealand culture is scheduled to deepen mutual understanding. （活动介绍） 随后将安排一场关于中国和新西兰文化的交流，以加深相互了解。 If we make a good plan， we can always get things done ahead of schedule. 做好规划，我们总能提前完成事情。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①Obviously， the debate competition was held 　on　 schedule successfully. ②I can’t go with you to the bookstore as 　scheduled　 （schedule） because I got injured in my right foot. ③Because of the heavy snow， many flights were 　behind　 schedule at the airport. 【写美】　完成句子 ④访谈时间定在本周五晚上7点到9点，主题是“如何高效学习英语”。 The interview， whose theme is “How to Learn English Efficiently”， 　is scheduled for this Friday from 7：00 pm to 9：00 pm　. 维度一：基础题型练 根据首字母或汉语提示写出单词的适当形式 1.I’ve heard that you are a talented young woman， and I have found you charming and 　intelligent　 （聪明的） as well. 2.You can be the one who directs the conversation to fun 　topics　 （话题） that are ripe for others to add humor. 3.If you take the trouble to 　schedule　 （安排） a visit， you can be more or less guaranteed of a response. 4.Hearing that some 　volunteers　 （志愿者） are needed for the coming competition， I’d like to apply for the position. 5.We had a great debate　 in English class about whether we should use mobile phones at school. 6.To get the most out of reading these plays， try to picture the play on stage　， with you， the reader， in the audience. 维度二：语法与写作 完成句子 1.国庆节快要到了。（主＋谓） 　National Day is coming.　 2.甜蜜的回忆涌上心头。（主＋谓＋状） 　Sweet memories crowded into my mind.　 3.看到我为他们做的饭，我父母感到既高兴又感动。（主＋系＋表） Seeing the food I cooked for them， 　my parents felt happy and moved　. 4.妈妈紧紧地抱着我，鼓励我要坚持自己的梦想。（主＋谓＋宾＋状） 　My mother hugged me tightly　 and encouraged me to stick to my dreams. 5.你会发现学习英语很容易。（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补） 　You will find it easy to learn English.　 6.在过去的十年里，我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。（主＋谓＋状） 　Great changes have taken place in my hometown in the last 10 years.　 7.奶奶昨晚送给我一个非常漂亮的布娃娃。（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾） 　Granny gave me a very beautiful doll last night.　 8.我们尚未决定什么时候再讨论这个问题。（主＋谓＋宾） 　We haven’t decided when to discuss the problem again.　 维度三：语法与语篇 使用本单元所学句子成分和基本句型补全下面语段 　　Good morning， everyone！ 1.　It’s a great honor　 （很荣幸；SVP） for me to introduce myself to all of you.My name is Serena and 2.　I’m fifteen years old　 （我十五岁了；SVP）. 　　3.　I come from Dalian　 （我来自大连；SVAd） which is a beautiful and attractive place.I wish you can visit it and I believe that 4.　you will be impressed　 （会给你留下深刻印象；SV）.English and movies are my favorites， 5.　which can help me learn and relax　 （它们能帮助我学习和放松；SVOOC）.6.　I like making friends　 （我喜欢交友；SVO）， especially the ones who share common interests with me.And I think we can have much to share and talk about.7.　I hope to make progress with my friends　 （我希望能和我的朋友一起进步；SVOAd）.Thank you. Ⅰ.阅读理解 A 　　（2026·福建龙岩月考）The winter break is just about to end.Soon we will be back at school.It’s with both happiness and sadness.I look forward to seeing my friends and starting practice again， but it also means I’m officially （正式地） halfway through the exchange year.With school starting， there are new things to try out and experience.For example， I’m starting a new sport， track.It’s similar to cross-country， which I did from August till November. 　　Being here for half a year now， I can easily tell the differences between my two schools.The hardest or most different part for me is to have the same schedule every day here.Honestly， I prefer to have different classes every day， as I did in my home country.However， I have fallen in love with the Friday football games.Football is one of my favorite sports now.Before I came， I knew nothing about it.Now I love it， especially to watch it with my host parents.I have also been so lucky to go to two college football games. 　　Before I left school in December， I had a couple of tests called Mid-term Tests.　They　 all went pretty smoothly， mostly because I didn’t have too many hard classes.My favorite class was English， and also my hardest.Personally I really like English， where I can write essays （文章）， challenge writing skills， and improve English talking. 　　Only four days of winter break is left.A part of me wants to be on a break forever， and the other part expects to get started again， start a new sport and see my friends and classmates. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者做交换生的生活。 1.Why does the author feel sad before school starts again？（　　） A.Her homework is not finished. B.The exchange year will end soon. C.Her school life will get harder. D.The new sport no longer attracts her. 解析：B　细节理解题。根据第一段中的It’s with both happiness and sadness ...it also means I’m officially （正式地） halfway through the exchange year.可知，开学意味着为期一年的交换生项目即将结束，作者因此而伤心。 2.How does the school in the author’s home country differ from the one she is in now？（　　） A.The courses are richer. B.The teachers are kinder. C.The meals are healthier. D.The holidays are longer. 解析：A　推理判断题。根据第二段中的Honestly， I prefer to have different classes every day， as I did in my home country.可知，作者原籍所在的学校课程安排更加丰富多样。 3.What does the author enjoy doing most with the host family？（　　） A.Having a talk in English. B.Playing video games. C.Watching football matches. D.Visiting her relatives. 解析：C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的Now I love it， especially to watch it with my host parents.可知，作者很喜欢跟寄宿家庭的父母一起观看足球比赛。 4.What does the underlined word “They” in the third paragraph refer to？（　　） A.Classes.　 B.Tests. C.Games.　 D.Students. 解析：B　代词指代题。根据画线词上句Before I left school in December， I had a couple of tests called Mid-term Tests.可知，此处They 指代上文提到的复数名词tests （考试）。 B 　　（2026·湖南湘一名校期中）Some high school students in Camarillo are getting a real hands-on education， thanks to a one-of-a-kind farm program.They aren’t just learning about farm animals； They’re raising them！ This is the only high school in the country that raises its own animals on site. 　　Addisyn Bolles has been feeding the Great Hambino — her 202-pound pig in person since it was a piglet （猪仔）.“I’ve learned a lot from this program.I’ve learned to be responsible for one because you have a whole animal that you have to take care of.I’ve learned how to do that， which helps prepare me for so many ways，” said Bolles. 　　“We have a really unique program because we’re one of the few schools that actually do have a farm on our campus ...We’re in the classroom， the students are learning about how to raise livestock （牲畜） and then they can step outside and directly use what they’re learning，” said teacher Breanna Cole. 　　There’s no sleeping in for these students.They are up early， feeding， walking and cleaning their animals in preparation to show them off at the Ventura County Fair.“It seems like a lot of work， and you do put a lot of time and effort into it.But it’s fun at the end of the day especially when you just need some time to cool off，” said Nevach Cornish， a student from the school. 　　To enter the livestock competition， each animal must meet the requirements on size.Getting to the Fair makes all those early morning feedings worth it. 　　“Carp， Santa Paula， Fillmore， they all have one and it’s really cool because at the Fair you get to meet new people， and you can get a connection with them and exchange ideas，” said another student， Julia Santos. 　　This Camarillo high school farm program isn’t just an extra class — it’s a life-shaping experience that turns textbook lessons into real responsibility and joy.It’s the kind of learning more schools should look to， proving education can grow just as strongly on the farm as it does in a classroom. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国卡马里奥一所高中独特的农场项目，学生可在校饲养牲畜，将课堂知识转化为实践，收获责任感与乐趣。 5.What makes the school unique？（　　） A.It has a farm for students. B.It mainly offers lessons about farm animals. C.It develops students’ life skills. D.It allows students to raise animals at school. 解析：D　细节理解题。根据第一段中的This is the only high school in the country that raises its own animals on site.可知，这所学校的独特之处在于允许学生在学校饲养动物。 6.How does the program influence the students？（　　） A.They prefer feeding animals to studying. B.They are too busy to develop other hobbies. C.They better understand the meaning of teamwork. D.They have a chance to put what they learn into use. 解析：D　细节理解题。根据第三段中的...the students are learning about how to raise livestock （牲畜） and then they can step outside and directly use what they’re learning可知，该项目让学生有机会将所学知识付诸实践。 7.What is the author’s attitude towards the program？（　　） A.Supportive.　　　　　 B.Uncaring. C.Doubtful.　 D.Unclear. 解析：A　观点态度题。根据最后一段内容可知，作者认为该项目极具价值，值得其他学校借鉴，态度是支持的。 8.What is the text mainly about？（　　） A.A popular farm. B.Hands-on education. C.Human-animal relation. D.A livestock competition. 解析：B　主旨大意题。通读全文，第一段点明高中农场项目让学生获得亲身实践教育，后续段落介绍项目内容、学生体验及价值，最后强调这种实践教育的意义，核心围绕“实践教育”展开。 Ⅱ.完形填空 　　（2026·河北枣强中学期中）Lisa is a new student in our school.She is enthusiastic about learning and has a positive 　9　 towards every challenge.On her first day， she was a bit nervous but she 　10　 to make new friends quickly. 　　Lisa has a clear 　11　 for her high school life.She wants to join the science club and improve her critical 　12　 skills.She believes that hard work and 　13　 will lead her to success. 　　Every day， Lisa 　14　 full use of her time.She attends classes 　15　 and always participates in discussions.After class， she often goes to the library to 　16　 more knowledge.She also takes part in various school 　17　， which helps her develop different skills. 　　Lisa is also very 　18　.She is always ready to help her classmates when they have problems with their studies.Her 　19　 and positive attitude have won her many friends. 　　Last week， our class had a group project.Lisa took the lead and 　20　 everyone to work together.Thanks to her， our project got high praise from the teacher.This experience made her more 　21　 in working with others. 　　I believe Lisa will have a wonderful high school life and 　22　 her goals.She is a great example for all of us to 　23　.We should learn from her dedication and hard work. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Lisa作为一名新学生在学校积极向上、努力学习的故事，她对学习充满热情，积极参与各种活动，乐于助人，是大家学习的榜样。 9. A.result　 B.attitude C.reason　 D.problem 解析：B　根据positive和every challenge可推知，Lisa对学习充满热情，面对挑战有着积极的态度。 10. A.failed　 B.refused C.managed　 D.stopped 解析：C　根据to make new friends quickly可知，尽管紧张，但她设法很快交到了新朋友；manage to do sth意为“设法做成某事”。 11. A.plan　 B.mistake C.doubt　 D.fear 解析：A　根据下文She wants to join the science club and improve her critical 　12　 skills.可知，她对高中生活有清晰的计划。 12. A.speaking　 B.thinking C.writing　 D.reading 解析：B　根据join the science club可推知，加入科学俱乐部是为了提高科学素养，提升批判性思维能力；critical thinking 意为“批判性思维”。 13. A.luck　 B.talent C.effort　 D.money 解析：C　空处与hard work并列，结合下文will lead her to success可推知，勤奋和努力将使她走向成功。 14. A.makes　 B.takes C.gets　 D.gives 解析：A　根据本段内容可知，Lisa日程安排得很满，充分利用了时间；make full use of 意为“充分利用”。 15. A.secretly　 B.carelessly C.attentively　 D.quietly 解析：C　根据always participates in discussions可知，她课堂上专心听课，总能积极参与讨论。 16. A.lose　 B.acquire C.share　 D.forget 解析：B　根据常识可知，去图书馆是为了获取更多的知识。 17. A.activities　 B.trips C.exams　 D.parties 解析：A　根据which helps her develop different skills可知，参加学校活动有助于她发展不同的技能。 18. A.selfish　 B.helpful C.lazy　 D.proud 解析：B　根据下文She is always ready to help her classmates可知，Lisa乐于助人。 19. A.kindness　 B.shyness C.rudeness　 D.sadness 解析：A　根据上文可知，她乐于助人，所以她的善良为她赢得了许多朋友。 20. A.prevented　 B.encouraged C.discouraged　 D.ignored 解析：B　根据Lisa took the lead可知，Lisa是领导者，所以她会鼓励大家共同努力。 21. A.confident　 B.nervous C.upset　 D.bored 解析：A　根据上文Thanks to her， our project got high praise from the teacher.可知，项目得到了老师的高度赞扬，由此推知，这次经历会使她对与他人合作更有信心。 22. A.change　 B.forget C.miss　 D.achieve 解析：D　根据下文She is a great example for all of us可推知，作者认为Lisa会实现她的目标，并成为大家的榜样。 23. A.follow　 B.admire C.blame　 D.ignore 解析：A　根据下文We should learn from her dedication and hard work.可知，她是我们大家学习的榜样；follow one’s example 意为“以某人为榜样”。 Ⅲ.语法填空 　　（2026·厦门大学附属科技中学开学考试） When I first look at the picture， it seems to be just a pretty simple drawing of a man in a garden.However， when 24.　　　　　　 （look） at it more closely， I see something interesting. 　　In the picture， a man is wearing a hat and an apron， and is carrying an umbrella because it is raining 25.　　　　　　 （heavy）.He has his back turned to us.We can see he is in his garden， for he is watering the flowers 26.　　　　　　 a watering can.The drawing 27.　　　　　　 （entitle） “It’s Time to Water the Flowers”. 　　This implies that this man obviously loves routines （and his flowers）， and probably 28.　　　　　　 （water） his flowers every day at the same time.He is doing this even though it is raining heavily.However， the plants don’t need the extra water he is providing.He is not seeing the obvious， but is just going through the motions without 29.　　　　　　 （think）. 　　The overall message we can take from this picture is that it is important 30.　　　　　　 （have） routines and timetables， as they can help us stay organised， 31.　　　　　　 sometimes routines can control us， rather than us controlling the routines.It is important not to become too preoccupied with routines and schedules， because they can make us blind to 32.　　　　　　 is in front of us.Sometimes we need to be flexible and adapt to changing 33.　　　　　　 （circumstance）. 语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述作者由一幅雨天浇花的画得出感悟：日常常规和时间表很重要，但有时我们需要灵活应变，适应不断变化的环境。 24.looking　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，when 　　　　（look） at it more closely是时间状语从句的省略，原句为when I’m looking at it more closely。故填looking。 25.heavily　考查副词。空处修饰动词raining作状语，应填副词。故填heavily。 26.with　考查介词。根据句意可知，空处意为“使用”。故填with。 27.is entitled　考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。空处在句中作谓语，根据句意可知，此句陈述事实用一般现在时，主语The drawing与动词entitle之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态；The drawing作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填is entitled。 28.waters　考查动词时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处与loves并列在that引导的从句中作谓语动词，此句为一般现在时，this man作主语，空处填动词water的第三人称单数。故填waters。 29.thinking　考查非谓语动词。空处在句中作介词without的宾语，应用动词-ing形式。故填thinking。 30.to have　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，　　　　 （have） routines and timetables在that引导的从句中作真正主语，it作形式主语，空处应填动词不定式。故填to have。 31.but　考查连词。分析句子结构可知，空处上文与下文之间为转折关系，应用转折连词。故填but。 32.what　考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导名词性从句作介词to的宾语，连接词在从句中作主语，表示“眼前的事情”。故填what。 33.circumstances　考查名词复数。空处在句中作adapt to的宾语，circumstance 意为“环境；状况”，为可数名词，由句意以及changing可知，此处用名词复数形式。故填circumstances。 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $