Unit 2 Section Ⅲ Grammar —— 定语从句（Word教参）-【学霸笔记·同步精讲】2026-2027学年高中英语必修第一册（北师大版）

本讲义聚焦高中英语定语从句核心知识点，系统梳理其定义、构成及关系词（关系代词与副词），重点解析who、whom、which、whose、that等关系代词的指代范围及在从句中作主语、宾语、定语的用法，通过例句分析、表格归纳及即时演练构建从基础到特殊用法（如that与which的选用）的学习支架。 该资料以“探究发现”引导学生自主观察例句总结规律，培养思维品质，结合高考真题实例与表格对比明晰知识结构提升学习能力，多维度练习（语法与写作合并句子、语段填空）强化语言运用。课中辅助教师系统授课，课后助力学生通过练习巩固，查漏补缺。

Section Ⅲ　Grammar —— 定语从句 ①When we weren’t playing on the court which was next to our building， we were watching a game on TV． ②Paul’s favourite player was Tyrone Bogues，a guy who played for the Charlotte Hornets ．．． ③Paul didn’t know he’d soon get the chance that he’d been waiting for． ④They were playing against The Bears，a team whose record was perfect． 【我的发现】 1.以上句子中的which， who， that和whose是关系代词，引导定语从句。 2.句①中关系代词which在从句中作主语。 3.句②中关系代词who在从句中作主语。 4.句③中关系代词that在从句中作宾语。 5.句④中关系代词whose在从句中作定语。 一、定语从句概述 1.定义：在复合句中作定语修饰主句中某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 2.构成： 3.关系词：关系代词：that， which， who， whom， whose， as； 关系副词：when， where， why。 4.分类： 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。 5.关系代词的用法 关系 代词 指代 在从句中充当的成分 人 物 句子 主语 宾语 表语 定语 who √ √ √ whom √ √ which √ √ √ √ √ whose √ √ √ that √ √ √ √ √ 二、常见关系代词的基本用法 1.who用来指代人，在从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。 （2025•八省联考）He is an experienced coach who has trained many players at different levels． 他是一位经验丰富的教练，曾训练过许多不同水平的运动员。 The girl （who） I met yesterday was his sister． 我昨天见到的那个女孩是他的妹妹。 2.whom用来指代人，在从句中作宾语，常可省略。 The boy （whom） the teacher often praises is their monitor． 老师经常表扬的那个男孩是他们的班长。 名师点津 ①关系代词whom在口语或非正式文体中常可用who来代替。 The boy （who/whom） we saw yesterday was John’s brother． 昨天我们看到的那个男孩是约翰的哥哥。 ②在从句中作介词的宾语且直接跟在介词后时，用whom不用who。 He is a man from whom we are all ready to learn． 他是一个我们大家都愿意向他学习的人。 【即时演练 1】　用适当的关系代词填空 ①As a Chinese who is particularly interested in travelling， I would like to introduce my favourite city — Beijing． ②Those who want to see the film set down your names， please． ③This is the person who/whom you should thank for helping your son． 3.which只指物，不指人，可作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。 Guilin is a city which has a history of 2，000 years． 桂林是一个有2，000年历史的城市。 The young man was very happy to get back the gold ring （which） he had lost on the train． 那个年轻人找回了在火车上丢失的金戒指，非常高兴。 4.whose既可指人，也可指物，其后接名词，与先行词构成从属关系，在从句中作定语。 I was the only winner whose native language wasn’t English． 我是唯一一个母语不是英语的获胜者。 Nobody wants the house whose roof has fallen in． 没有人想要这个屋顶已坍塌的房子。 5.that指人时，相当于who或whom；指物时，相当于which，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。 The woman （that） I read about in the newspaper has just won a gold medal． 我在报纸上读过那位妇女的相关报道，她刚刚夺得一枚金牌。 The report （that） Mr Turner handed in was about the motor race． 特纳先生递交的报告是关于摩托车比赛的。 【即时演练 2】　用适当的关系代词填空 ①Look， here are some people who/whom/that I want you to meet． ②Do you still remember the chicken farm that/which we visited three months ago？ ③Any student whose family is too poor to go to school can get help from the government． 三、用that不用which的情况 1.当先行词为all， everything， nothing， anything， little， much等不定代词或先行词被这些词修饰时。 All that can be done has been done． 一切能做的都已经做了。 2.当先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。 （2025•全国一卷）This topic would give us the opportunity to share the funniest and most enjoyable experiences that we have had at school． 这个话题将给我们提供一个机会，分享我们在学校中最有趣和最愉快的经历。 3.当先行词被the only， the very， the last， the same等修饰时。 This is the very novel that I have been searching for． 这就是我一直寻找的那本小说。 4.当先行词既指人，又指物时。 She took photographs of the things and people that she was interested in． 她把她感兴趣的人和物都拍了下来。 5.当主语是以who， which， what开头的特殊疑问句时，为避免重复而用that。 Who is the person that is standing at the gate？ 站在门口的那个人是谁？ 6.当关系词在定语从句中作表语时。 Shanghai is no longer the city that it used to be． 上海已不是过去那个样子了。 【即时演练 3】　完成句子 ①This is the most beautiful park that I have visited． 这是我参观过的最漂亮的公园。 ②We often talk about the persons and things that we remember． 我们常常谈起我们记得的那些人和事。 ③The only thing that I could do is to study for my goal． 我唯一能做的就是为我的目标而学习。 四、用which不用that的情况 1.在定语从句中作介词的宾语，且介词位于关系代词前时。 This is the room in which he lives． 这是他住的房间。 2.引导非限制性定语从句时。 Tom came back， which made us very happy． 汤姆回来了，这使我们很高兴。 3.在限制性定语从句中，如果有两个定语从句，其中前一句的关系代词是that，那么后一句的关系代词就要用which。 Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the library which was newly opened． 我给你看这本从新开的图书馆里借来的小说。 【即时演练 4】　用适当的关系代词填空 ①The house in which I used to live has become a shoe shop． ②Have you ever read the book， which was written by a young girl？ 维度一：基础题型练 分析下列句子中的定语从句，写出其先行词、关系词及其在从句中所作的成分。 1.We paid a visit to the museum which was built three hundred years ago． 先行词：the museum 关系词：which 所作成分：主语 2.It is the most interesting book that I have ever read． 先行词：the most interesting book 关系词：that 所作成分：宾语 3.Do you know the man whom our headmaster is talking with over there？ 先行词：the man 关系词：whom 所作成分：宾语 4.Please pass me the book whose cover is light blue． 先行词：the book 关系词：whose 所作成分：定语 5.The soldiers are looking for those who are trapped in the cave． 先行词：those 关系词：who 所作成分：主语 维度二：语法与写作 用定语从句合并下列句子 1.The students want to go to the English party． The students must be at the school gate by 7：30 pm． →The students who want to go to the English party must be at the school gate by 7：30 pm． 2.You are looking forward to seeing the film． The film will be on tomorrow． →The film that/which you are looking forward to seeing will be on tomorrow． 3.I know the person． His house was destroyed in the flood． →I know the person whose house was destroyed in the flood． 4.We don’t know the number of people． The people lost their homes in the disaster． →We don’t know the number of people who/that lost their homes in the disaster． 5.We are going to interview the writer． His new novel has been well received by the public． →We are going to interview the writer whose new novel has been well received by the public． 维度三：语段练习 用关系代词完成下面小语段 　　Lucy， 1.whose paintings were shown at the exhibition last week is a model student 2.who/that is often praised for her good work at school．As soon as we got into the exhibition hall， our attention was attracted by a very large picture 3.that/which was hung on the wall in front of us．The lovely deer 4.which/that was drawn in the picture was exactly like a real deer．The old man 5.who/that was riding on it looked like a living man．It was the best picture 6.that I had ever seen and Lucy is the best young painter 7.that I have ever heard of．However，you will be quite mistaken if you think that Lucy was born a good painter．One of her teachers told me that it had taken Lucy thousands of hours to learn and practise drawing until she became the best young painter 8.that has ever been heard of in her hometown． 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $