Unit 2 Period Five Grammar(Word讲义)-【满分思维】2026-2027学年高中英语必修第一册学生用书（人教版）

本讲义聚焦关系代词引导的定语从句这一核心语法点，以“体育与健康”主题短文为切入点，引导学生感知加黑部分后自主发现关系代词作用，进而系统梳理定义、关系代词（who/whom/which/that/whose）的先行词及从句作用（表格归纳），对比that与which的用法差异，最终通过单句填空、句型训练、语篇语法填空形成“感知-发现-归纳-应用”的学习支架。 该资料以真实语境激发学习兴趣，提升语言理解与表达能力，通过自主发现和表格对比培养分析比较的思维品质，分层设计的实战演练助力学习能力发展。课中情境化教学便于教师引导，课后多样化练习帮助学生巩固语法知识，有效查漏补缺。

Period Five　Grammar 阅读以下有关“体育与健康”的短文,感知加黑部分,并回答其后的问题。 Emily is a girl ①who loves sports very much. The sport ②that she likes best is tennis. Playing tennis is a sport ③which has a set of strict rules. The friends ④whom she often plays tennis with are all very enthusiastic. People ⑤whose jobs are related to sports, such as PE teachers and sports coaches, can give her good advice. 【自主发现】 以上语段中,句①②③④⑤为定语从句,who, that, which, whom, whose均为关系　　　　;句①中,who在定语从句中作　　　　　,指　　　　;句②中,that在定语从句中作　　　　　,指　　　　;句③中,which在定语从句中作　　　　　　　,指　　　　;句④中,whom在定语从句中作　　　　,指　　　　　　　;句⑤中,whose在定语从句中作　　　　　,指　　　　　。  定语从句之关系代词 一、定义 1.定语从句(relative clause)指修饰名词、代词或名词短语的从句,对修饰的对象加以限制,表示“……的(人)”或“……的(物)”。 2.关系词分为关系代词(that, which, who, whom, whose等)和关系副词(when, where, why等)两类。本单元主要探究的是关系代词引导的定语从句。 二、关系代词的基本用法 关系代词who, whom, which, that, whose的用法: 关系代词 先行词 在从句中的作用 who 指人 作主语、宾语,作宾语时可省略 whom 指人 作宾语,可省略,也可用who或that代替 which 指物 作主语、宾语,作宾语时可省略 whose 指人 或物 作定语,表示所属关系,指人时,相当于of whom;指物时,相当于of which that 指人 或物 作主语、宾语、表语,作宾语时可省略 Visitors that/who come from different places are deeply attracted by the scenery there. 来自不同地方的参观者被那儿的景色深深地吸引了。(指人,作主语) He is the man (who/whom/that) I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天看见的那个人。(指人,作宾语) Guilin is a city which/that has a history of over 2,000 years. 桂林是一个有2000多年历史的城市。(指物,作主语) The report (that/which) Mr Turner handed in was about the motorbike race. 特纳先生递交的报告是关于摩托车比赛的。(指物,作宾语) This is the female scientist, whose name(=the name of whom) is known all over the country. 这就是那位闻名全国的女科学家。 He lives in a room whose window(=the window of which) faces north. 他住在一个窗户朝北的房间里。 I made some friends from whom I learned a lot after I came here. 我来到这儿以后,交了一些朋友,从他们那儿我学到了许多东西。(作介词宾语,指人用whom) The house in which Bardo lived was situated on the side of the street nearest the hill. 巴多居住的房屋坐落在最靠近小山的街道的一侧。(作介词宾语,指物用which) 三、that与which的区别 关系代词 用that不 用which 的情况 先行词是不定代词或被不定代词修饰时 先行词被序数词、形容词最高级或the very, the only, the same等修饰时 先行词既指人也指物时 主句以who或which开头时 关系代词 用which 不用that 的情况 在非限制性定语从句中 在“介词+关系代词”结构中 为了避免重复,一个用that,另一个则用which Please tell me anything that you know about the matter. 有关此事,请告诉我你所知道的。 This is the most interesting storybook that I have ever read. 这是我读过最有趣的故事书。 They are talking of the heroines and their deeds that interest them. 他们正在谈论他们感兴趣的女英雄及她们的事迹。 Which is the star that is nearer to the earth? 哪个是离地球比较近的恒星? He has a walk every night, which does good to him. 他每晚都散步,这对他有好处。 The house in which we live is very large. 我们住的房子非常大。 Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the library which was newly open. 让我给你看看那本我从新开的图书馆借来的小说。 【实战演练】 ●Ⅰ 单句填空 1.She recognised the voice belonged to the man 　　　　　had attacked her.  2.They talked about their classmates and things 　　　　they still remember in middle school.  3.The tiny insect 　　　　　eyes are fixed on the cabbage shows great interest in the vegetable.  4.The most important thing 　　　　　we should consider is the first idea 　　　　he has mentioned in his speech.  5.Do you still remember the chicken farm, 　　　　we visited three months ago?  6.We should make a decision about Mr King, 　　　　story I have just told you.  7.The only thing 　　　　　we should do is get some food.  ●Ⅱ 句型训练(用定语从句完成下列句子) 1.We should help the children 　　　　　　　　work away from home.  我们应该帮助那些父母在外地工作的孩子们。 2.In senior high school you will study more courses 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　your junior middle school courses.  在高中你将学习更多不同于初中的课程。 3.This girl is familiar to me;maybe she is the girl 　　　　　　　　　　　　in the street yesterday.  我对这个女孩很熟悉,也许她就是我昨天在街上遇到的那个女孩。 4.The dog is the only thing on the earth 　　　　　　　　more than he loves himself.  狗是世界上唯一爱你胜过爱自己的动物。 5.Handicraft class is a course 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. (介词+关系代词)  手工课是很多学生都感兴趣的课程。 ●Ⅲ 语篇语法填空 Bullet trains tailored for the high-speed railway network linking the Indonesian cities of Jakarta and Bandung are unveiled (公开) in Eastern China in 1.　　　　　　　(prepare) for the line’s scheduled opening, China Railway International says.  A total of 11 sets of bullet trains and an inspection train, all adopting Chinese standards, are showcased in Qingdao, Shandong Province.They 2.　　　　　(ship) to Indonesia soon.  According to China Railway International, a subsidiary (子公司) of China State Railway Group, 3.　　　　　 is overseeing the project, the trains, designed and developed by CRRC Qingdao Sifang Co. Ltd, are based on 4.　　　　　　(advance) and mature technologies of China-made Fuxing bullet trains which operate at the speed of 350 km per hour. The CRRC has also made 5.　　　　　　　(change) to adapt to the local environment and routes, as well as incorporating (融入) Indonesia’s cultural elements 6.　　　　　(give) passengers more comfortable travelling experience.  The 243-kilometre-line, 7.　　　　 landmark project of the China-proposed Belt and Road Initiative, 8.　　　　(begin) construction in 2018.  With trains capable of 9.　　　　　(reach) speeds of up to 350 km per hour, the line will cut the journey between Jakarta and the capital of Indonesia’s West Java Province from over three hours 10.　　　　 just 40 minutes.  学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Period Five　Grammar 语法探究 代词;主语;人;宾语;物;主语;物;宾语;人;定语;人 语法归纳 【实战演练】 ●Ⅰ 1.who/that　2.that　3.whose　4.that; that　5.which 6.whose　7.that ●Ⅱ 1.whose parents　2.which/that are different from 3.(who/whom/that) I met　4.that loves you　5.in which many students are interested ●Ⅲ 【文章大意】 这是一篇说明文,文章主要讲述了为连接印度尼西亚雅加达和万隆的高速铁路网量身定制的高速列车在中国东部亮相的相关情况,包括列车的技术基础、改造情况以及线路的建设历程和预期效果等。 1.preparation　考查名词。固定短语in preparation for表示“为……做准备”,符合句意,故填preparation。 2.will be shipped　考查动词时态和语态。根据句中的soon可知,此动作发生在将来,且主语与ship之间是被动关系,即“列车被运送”,所以要用一般将来时的被动语态,其结构为“will be+过去分词”,故填will be shipped。 3.which　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,先行词是China Railway International,关系词在从句中作主语,指代先行词,所以用 which引导该非限制性定语从句,故填which。 4.advanced　考查形容词。这里需要一个形容词来修饰名词technologies,advanced表示“先进的”,与后面的mature(成熟的)并列,用来描述技术的特点,故填advanced。 5.changes　考查名词复数。这里表示“做出了一些改变”,应该用其复数形式changes,故填changes。 6.to give　考查非谓语动词。这里用动词不定式作目的状语,意思是“为了给乘客带来更舒适的旅行体验”,表示目的,故填to give。 7.a　考查冠词。这里表示“一个标志性项目”,landmark 是发音以辅音音素开头的单词,所以用不定冠词a,故填a。 8.began　考查动词时态。根据句中的时间状语in 2018可知,这里描述的是过去发生的动作,要用一般过去时,begin的过去式是began,故填began。 9.reaching　考查非谓语动词。be capable of doing sth是固定搭配,意为“有能力做某事”,of是介词,后面接动名词形式,故填reaching。 10.to　考查固定短语。这里考查固定短语“from…to…”,表示“从……到……”,故填to。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $