Unit 5 Grammar in use 课件 2026-2027学年仁爱科普版英语八年级上册
2026-09-10
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摘要:
该初中英语课件核心涵盖动词不定式用法及后缀-y词形转换,通过“魔法课堂”看图填单词、读句子找加粗词等活动导入,引导学生发现名词+y变形容词规则,为后续动词不定式的系统学习搭建词汇支架。
其亮点在于语法讲解分功能解析(如不定式作主语、宾语等)并配实例与注意事项,词形转换用表格总结拼写规则,结合语言能力(短语翻译、填空练习提升运用)和思维品质(规则归纳),如“warn sb. (not) to do sth.”等短语练习及“rain→rainy”转换,帮助学生夯实基础,教师可高效开展教学。
内容正文:
Unit 5 Grammar in Use
hostess n. 女主持人→host n. 男主持人
女主持人→host n. 男主持人
词句积累
1. decide (not) to do sth.
决定(不)做某事
2. expect sb. (not) to do sth.
期待某人(不要)做某事
3. warn sb. (not) to do sth.
劝告/告诫某人(不要)做某事
4. in order (not) to do sth.
为了(不)做某事
5. avoid (doing) sth.
避免(做)某事
6. book a train ticket and a hotel room
预订一张火车票和一个酒店房间
7. look forward to doing sth.
盼望做某事
8. hear from sb.
收到某人的来信
9. be helpful for …
对……有帮助
10. be short of …
缺乏……
1. From 1990 to 2001, the engineers fixed its shaky base.
自1990年到2001年间, 工程师们加固了它(比萨斜
塔)不稳的地基。
2. Now, the tower is firm.
现在, 这座塔很坚固。
3. Every year, many tourists come to see this dreamy
tower.
每年, 许多游客都来参观这座梦幻般的塔。
4. It is funny to see that many of them lean to one side just
like the leaning tower.
有趣的是, 很多游客会像这座斜塔一样向一边倾斜
(拍照)。
I’m looking forward to hearing from you.
我盼望收到你的来信。
重点句型解析
look forward to doing sth. 意为 “盼望做某事”, 其中
to是介词, 后接具有名词性质的成分, 如动名词等。
We look forward to going to the zoo next Sunday.
我们盼望下周日去动物园。
It is funny to see that many of them lean to one side just
like the leaning tower.
有趣的是, 很多游客会像这座斜塔一样向一边倾斜(拍
照)。
本句中lean to one side结合语境, 指游客模仿斜塔的倾
斜姿态(通常为拍照), 翻译时补充 “拍照” 更贴合
实际场景, 使句意更完整。
动词不定式(to do)
1. 构成: 动词不定式由不定式符号 “to+动词原形”
构成(有时不带to)。
2. 用法:
(1)动词不定式的否定形式由 “not+to do”构成。
I hope not to keep you waiting long.
希望没让你久等。
(2)动词不定式可以和疑问词what, which, how,
where, when等连用, 相当于名词。
The question is how to improve
ourselves in English.
问题是如何提高我们的英语水平。
(3)动词不定式不能单独作谓语, 不随主语的人称和
数的变化而变化, 具有名词、 形容词和副词的特征。
不定式短语可在句中作主语、 表语、 宾语、 定语、 状
语、 宾语补足语等。
功能 例句及解析
作
主
语 To know how to wait is the great secret of success.
成功的重要秘诀是懂得如何去等待。
It’s important to have a healthy diet. 保持健康饮
食很重要。
(It为形式主语, 真正的主语为句子后面的不定
式短语)
注意: 不定式作主语时, 谓语动词用第三人称
单数。
To know how to wait
to have a healthy diet
功能 例句及解析
作
表
语 My dream is to travel around the world. 我的梦想
是环游世界。
To ask well is to know much. 善问懂得多。
注意: 不定式作表语相当于名词作表语, 它和
主语处在同等地位。 常常可以将主、 表交换位
置, 句子的意义不变。
to travel around the world
to know much
功能 例句及解析
作
宾
语 They decided to have a party in the garden. 他们
决定在花园里举行派对。
The new method makes it possible to do the work
in three days.
to have a party in the garden
to do the work
in three days
功能 例句及解析
作
宾
语 新方法使得有可能在3天内完成工作。
(it是形式宾语, 真正的宾语是后半句中的不定
式短语)
注意: 动词want, hope, like, begin, try,
need, forget, learn, plan和decide等后面常接不
定式作宾语。
功能 例句及解析
作
定
语 I think the best way to get there is by train.
我觉得去那儿的最好方式是坐火车。
A good student should have the ability to review
knowledge on time after class.
一个好学生应该具备在课后按时复习知识点的能
力。
to get there
to review
knowledge on time after class
功能 例句及解析
作
定
语 注意: 不定式短语作定语时, 位于所修饰的词
之后, 其中心词多为抽象名词, 如: ability(能
力), means(手段), order(命令), thing
(事情), way(方法), work(工作)等。
如果不定式所修饰的名词是具体名词, 译成中文
时常在动词不定式前加 “要, 需要”, 如:
She has lots of work to do today. 她今天有很多事
要做。
to do
功能 例句及解析
作
状
语 To learn a language well, you must practice it
every day.
要学好一种语言, 你必须每天练习。(不定式作
目的状语)
I’m very sorry to give you so much trouble.
实在对不起给你添这么多麻烦。(不定式作原因
状语)
To learn a language well
to give you so much trouble
功能 例句及解析
作
状
语 He was too excited to speak.
他激动得说不出话。(不定式作结果状语)
This water is hot enough to make tea.
水足够热, 可以泡茶。(不定式作程度状语)
注意: 不定式具有副词的特征, 常被用作状
语, 在句中表示目的、 原因、 结果、 程度等。
to speak
to make tea
功能 例句及解析
作
宾
语
补
足
语 The doctor warned the patient not to smoke.
医生警告病人不要吸烟。
Will you help me clear the table?
你帮我把桌子收拾干净好吗?
注意: 动词ask, tell, want, invite, wish,
allow, teach等后面常接不定式作宾语补足语。
make, have和let等使役动词及see, watch,
notice, feel, hear等感官动词后面常接不带to的
不定式作宾语补足语。
not to smoke
clear the table
一、短语翻译
计划做某事
帮助某人做某事
想要做某事
决定(不)做某事
期望某人做某事
警告某人(不)做某事
为了(不)做某事
采纳某人的建议做某事
plan to do sth.
help sb. (to) do sth.
want to do sth.
decide (not) to do sth.
expect sb. to do sth.
warn sb. (not) to do sth.
in order (not) to do sth.
take one's advice to do sth.
二、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空
She wants ______ (go) to the park this weekend.
My mother asks me ______ (clean) my room every day.
______ (learn) English well, he studies hard every day.
I have a lot of homework ______ (do) tonight.
It's important ______ (exercise) regularly.
He decided ______ (not play) computer games anymore.
The teacher told us ______ (be) quiet in class.
They plan ______ (visit) their grandparents next month.
She came here ______ (see) her old friend.
We expect him ______ (win) the game.
to go
to clean
To learn
to do
to exercise
not to play
to be
to visit
to see
to win
Lead in
01
What words can you think of according to the pictures?
R_________
H_________
S_________
L_________
ainy
ealthy
unny
ucky
Look and fill in the blanks.
Lead in
01
The traffic is heavy because it is rainy.
A healthy diet is helpful for you to keep fit.
I got a new job today. It’s my lucky day!
It was a sunny day. We visited the West Lake.
Activity 1
Look at the pictures and read the sentences. Pay attention to the words in bold.
rain-rainy
health-healthy
luck-lucky
sun-sunny
Look and read.
Lead in
01
The traffic is heavy because it is rainy.
A healthy diet is helpful for you to keep fit.
I got a new job today. It’s my lucky day!
It was a sunny day. We visited the West Lake.
rain-rainy
health-healthy
luck-lucky
sun-sunny
Read and find.
转换词性: n. + y = adj.
名词-n.
形容词-adj.
Presentation
02
定义:后缀 -y 常加在名词或动词后构成形容词
1. 表示“充满……的;有……特征的”
例:rain(雨)→ rainy(多雨的);cloud(云)→ cloudy(多云的)
2. 表示“具有……性质的;似……的”
例:silk(丝绸)→ silky(丝滑的);sand(沙)→ sandy(多沙的)
3. 表示“易于……的;倾向于……的”
例:sleep(睡觉)→ sleepy(困倦的)thirst(口渴)→ thirsty(口渴的)
Look and learn-The suffix -y
Presentation
02
词根结尾特征 拼写规则 例词(词根 → 形容词)
一般情况下 直接加 -y wind→windy
重读闭音节(元音 + 单个辅音) 双写尾辅音,再加 -y run→ runny
不发音的 e 去 e 加 -y noise→ noisy
形容词后缀-y的拼写规则
Look and learn-The suffix -y
Presentation
02
1. rain → _________
2. smoke → ________
3. wind → __________
(一)将下列名词/动词变为以 -y 结尾的形容词,并将其写在空白处。
rainy
smoky
windy
The suffix -y
Exercise
4. ice → __________
5 sleep → __________
6. wood → __________
icy
sleepy
woody
The suffix -y
Exercise
用“-y”结尾的形容词来描述这个场景
1. The little girl has a __________ doll with big eyes and soft hair. (love)
2. This apple pie tastes __________—my grandma adds sugar to it. (taste)
3. The soup my mom made is too for me to eat. (salt)
4. Outside, the street looked because of the rain. (mud)
lovely
tasty
salty
muddy
Exercise
Thank you!
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