专题02 Units 3～4（语篇综合练）英语新教材沪教版（五四学制）八年级上册

专题02 Units 3~4（语篇综合练） （建议用时：40分钟） 语法选择 A 黄旭华为国研制核潜艇，坚守忠诚与奉献的人物事迹 语法选择 B 家乡数十年间从贫穷落后到繁荣便利的发展变迁 完形填空 A 科技飞速发展，未来职业所需核心能力培养（数字素养、创造力、持续学习） 完形填空 B 男孩修理冰箱闯祸，父亲借打工还债教会孩子责任与情绪管理 阅读理解 A 萤火虫发光的化学原理、发光两大作用：求偶交流、躲避天敌，呼吁保护自然 阅读理解 B 人类通信方式发展史：手写信→电报→电话→互联网即时通讯，利弊与未来展望 补全对话 祖孙二人讨论祖传老式怀表，交流怀表归属、上发条操作与留存意义 选词填空 A 好奇心推动人类探索创新，列举牛顿、居里夫人、爱迪生等名人案例 选词填空 B 老街新旧风貌对比，回忆童年，感慨时代变迁与珍贵回忆永存 任务型阅读 A 19 世纪伦敦贫困童工 Tommy 艰难打工补贴家庭，心怀对美好生活的期盼 任务型阅读 B 好奇心驱动创新与社会进步，举例马斯克、印度女孩，阐述培养好奇心的意义 书面表达 A 好奇心的重要性，结合个人实验实例论证好奇心助力学习成长 书面表达 B 对比今昔生活差异，从交通、教育两大维度展现生活巨大改善 一、语法选择 （25-26八年级上·上海·单元测试）选择最恰当的答案。 A In Wuhan, people 1 flowers have been lining up at the general building of the 719 Research Institute of China Shipbuilding Industry Group to pay their respects to Huang Xuhua. Born in 1926, in Shanwei, Guangdong Province, Huang grew up in the shadow (影子) of war. When he was a little boy, he was curious about science. He said that curiosity is his best teacher. In 1945, he entered Shanghai Jiao Tong University 2 shipbuilding, hoping to use his knowledge to protect the country. After 3 in 1949, Huang joined the nation’s shipbuilding industry. The top-secret nature of the project meant Huang could not visit his mother for three 4 . When he finally visited her in the late 1980s, she was in 5 90s. And his father passed away. “I believe loyalty (忠诚) to the country is the greatest form of filial piety (孝心) 6 my parents,” Huang said in a TV program. During his life, Huang earned awards for his hard work, 7 the National Moral Model, Medal of the Republic, and State Pre-eminent Science and Technology Award. He became an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering 8 1994. While some media called him the “father of China’s nuclear submarines (核潜艇)”, Huang 9 this title, saying, “China’s nuclear submarines were the result of collective (共同的) effort. I was doing 10 duty.” “We are sorry for his passing, and it is a great loss. We must tell our children about Huang’s story, helping them appreciate history and inspiring them to fight for the nation,” said a Wuhan resident who came to mourn Huang with his son and grandson. 1．A．carry B．carried C．carrying 2．A．study B．to study C．studying 3．A．graduate B．graduated C．graduating 4．A．decade B．decades C．decades-old 5．A．her B．hers C．she 6．A．in B．to C．with 7．A．include B．included C．including 8．A．in B．on C．at 9．A．reject B．rejects C．rejected 10．A．me B．my C．mine B （25-26八年级上·上海浦东新·阶段检测）My hometown lies at the foot of Mount Yi. Decades ago, there 1 clean rivers, the blue sky and green trees around the houses. The air was fresh and people could hear birds 2 everywhere. At that time, my hometown was poor, 3 the people were hardworking. The people worked in their fields all day 4 a living with their hands. More than two or three children lived in each family. Some of the young kids could not go to school, because they had to help their parents work. As a young kid, I 5 to live a city life. Now my dream has come true. 6 the help of the government, my hometown is becoming much 7 than before. People live in tall, bright buildings comfortably. Almost 8 has a smartphone. People can communicate with their friends on social media 9 they go online. The local government has built a rural community in our village. People can see the doctor and buy things 10 . I am happy to see my hometown better. 1．A．is B．were C．was 2．A．singing B．sang C．sings 3．A．if B．but C．so 4．A．made B．make C．to make 5．A．hoped B．hope C．hoping 6．A．With B．In C．Without 7．A．rich B．richer C．richest 8．A．anyone B．someone C．everyone 9．A．as long as B．before C．though 10．A．easy B．easily C．easiest 二、完形填空 A （25-26八年级上·上海宝山·阶段检测）The world is developing fast 1 technology and its uses in our lives. This means that the jobs we have now are changing, and that there will be new jobs in the future. 2 , you won’t be in the same job your whole working life. It’ll be more likely that you will change jobs every few years—especially when you’re early in your job. There are ways to be prepared for the future jobs by building different job skills. It’s a good idea to start 3 these skills early, so you will be ready to jump into these future jobs as they appear. Understanding Digital (数字的) Information Everything is becoming more digital, which means understanding digital information will be important to success in the future jobs. You need to know how to understand and use digital technologies—both software, and hardware—as well as knowing how to read and understand a lot of online information. If you can understand and use digital information, you will be able to learn it quickly and use it to solve problems and make decisions. Being 24 No technology can 4 the creativity of the human mind, and many future jobs will need people to come up with new ideas and put these ideas into real use. This means it is very important to think creatively about problems. If you can imagine ways to solve problems and make new products, you are more likely to be successful in the future jobs. Keeping Learning As new technologies and new jobs appear, it will be more important than ever to be willing to learn new things. Those who can’t or won’t adapt (适应) to these changes will simply get 5 . The workplace is changing fast, and will continue to change. New digital technologies will change nearly every job. So, you should take every chance to learn new skills and technologies, take training classes, and spend time researching and studying up on things that interest you or will be useful for your future jobs. 1．A．because of B．because C．as D．since 2．A．On the other hand B．However C．Unluckily D．What’s more 3．A．learn B．developing C．giving up D．using 4．A．active B．smart C．creative D．patient 5．A．change B．match C．describe D．decide 6．A．left behind B．improved C．happy D．better B （25-26八年级上·上海·单元测试）Choose the best answer and complete the passage（选择最恰当的选项完成短文） Jack, a ten-year-old boy full of curiosity, always wants to explore and learn new things. One day the family’s fridge started making strange noises. Jack 1 the problem and decided to fix it himself. However, the repair didn’t go as planned. When Dad 2 the repair would cost $200, he thought it was a chance to make Jack understand the 3 of responsibility. So he asked Jack to pay back every cent. Jack agreed. A few days later, Jack told his father that he had found a job as a paperboy to pay back the money. One evening at dinner Jack got angry all of a sudden. Dad decided to talk with Jack privately. Jack explained that he was tired from selling newspapers. He did the job just to make money. Dad 4 his own unhappy day in his work. He explained how he was yelled (叫嚷) at by the leader and a customer. 5 he had his bad day, Dad pointed out that he hadn’t taken his anger out on the family. Jack realized his 6 and said sorry to everyone. This experience touched Jack. From that day on, no matter what he went through, he never took his anger out on his friends or family again. The best education is leading by example. 1．A．caused B．noticed C．solved D．connected 2．A．found out B．heard from C．cared about D．looked for 3．A．method B．experience C．importance D．secret 4．A．hated B．forgot C．shared D．liked 5．A．Though B．If C．When D．Because 6．A．dream B．difficulty C．mistake D．chance 三、阅读理解 A （25-26八年级上·上海·单元测试）Imagine you are in a field at night, and suddenly, you see lots of little lights around you. You have just found a gathering of fireflies, and their twinkling lights are like a secret language. This nighttime lights show, especially in the forest, has fascinated people for a long time. Let’s explore the mystery of fireflies. Did you ever wonder how fireflies make their tails glow? The special power of fireflies to make light is called bioluminescence (生物发光), a special ability that some animals, like fireflies, have to create their own light through a chemical reaction. It happens when two chemicals in their bodies combine (结合) and generate a chemical reaction that produces light. However, why do fireflies need to make light in the dark? Now, imagine you are a firefly looking for someone special in the dark. How would you find Mr. or Ms. Right? Fireflies use their glowing lights to send “hello” messages to each other. Each kind of firefly has its own special pattern of flashes, like a secret code. They use their lights as an invitation to get to know each other better, so that they can mate and produce the next generation of fireflies. But fireflies do not just use their lights for conversations. They also use them to stay safe. Imagine you are an adult firefly in the shadows, and a big spider is trying to catch you. What do you do? You turn on your light! Your bright glow is like a sign that tells the spider “I taste disgusting. Do not eat me!” This story of fireflies tells us how amazing and wonderful the natural world is. Exploring the world of fireflies helps us see how important it is to take care of nature and all its fascinating organisms (生物), no matter how small they are. 1．The writer explains how fireflies make light ________. A．by explaining the chemistry behind it B．by giving an example C．by physical experiments D．by showing some facts 2．Why do fireflies use their lights to send messages? A．To scare away predators. B．To find food in the dark. C．To communicate and find mates. D．To show their strength to other fireflies. 3．What might happen if fireflies could not produce light? A．They would find it easier to hide from predators. B．They would have difficulty finding mates. C．They would become more active during the day. D．They would stop eating spiders. 4．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage?(①= Paragraph 1………) A．①/②/③④⑤ B．①/②③④/⑤ C．①/②③/④⑤ D．①/②/③/④⑤ 5．What is the main purpose of fireflies’ glowing behaviour? A．To create a beautiful light show for humans. B．To communicate, find mates, and protect themselves. C．To attract spiders and other predators. D．To produce heat and stay warm at night. B （25-26八年级上·上海·单元测试）In the 19th century, communication was a slow and laborious process. People relied on handwritten letters, which could take weeks or even months to reach their destination. The invention of the telegraph in the mid-1800s revolutionized communication, allowing messages to be sent over long distances in a matter of minutes. However, it was the advent of the telephone in the late 19th century that truly transformed how people interacted with one another. Fast forward to the 21st century, and communication has become almost instantaneous. With the rise of the Internet and smartphones, people can now send messages, make video calls, and share information with anyone around the globe in seconds. Social media platforms like Facebook, Twitter, and Weibo have further changed the way we communicate, allowing users to share their thoughts, photos, and videos with a wide audience. Despite these advancements, some argue that modern communication lacks the personal touch of handwritten letters. In the past, letters were often carefully crafted, with attention paid to every word. Today, messages are often short and informal, with emojis and abbreviations replacing full sentences. However, others believe that the speed and convenience of modern communication outweigh these drawbacks. The evolution of communication has also had a significant impact on businesses. In the past, companies relied on mail and telephones to communicate with clients and partners. Today, email, video conferencing, and instant messaging have made it easier than ever to conduct business on a global scale. This has led to increased efficiency and productivity, but it has also created new challenges, such as the need to manage large volumes of digital information. As technology continues to advance, it is likely that communication will continue to evolve. Some experts predict that virtual reality and artificial intelligence will play a major role in the future of communication, allowing people to interact in more immersive and personalized ways. Whatever the future holds, one thing is certain: the way we communicate will continue to change, just as it has for centuries. 1．What was the impact of the telegraph on communication in the 19th century? A．It made communication slower and more laborious. B．It allowed messages to be sent over long distances in minutes. C．It replaced handwritten letters entirely. D．It had no significant impact on communication. 2．Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a modern communication tool? A．Social media platforms. B．Video conferencing. C．Handwritten letters. D．Instant messaging. 3．What is the closest antonym for the underlined word “laborious” in the first paragraph? A．Easy. B．Difficult. C．Slow. D．Complicated. 4．Which of the following would be most important to include in a summary of the passage? A．The invention of the telegraph allowed messages to be sent quickly. B．Modern communication is faster but less personal than in the past. C．Virtual reality will change the way we communicate in the future. D．Businesses have benefited from the evolution of communication. 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The invention of the telephone revolutionized communication. B．Modern communication lacks the personal touch of handwritten letters. C．Communication has evolved significantly over time, from letters to instant messaging. D．Virtual reality will play a major role in the future of communication. 四、补全对话 （25-26八年级上·上海·阶段检测）Harry: Look at this pocket watch, Great-grandma! It’s very old. Great-grandma: Yes! 1 (用belong翻译句子) And you know what? It still works well. Harry: 2 (表达惊讶) Something so old still works! Great-grandma: It does. We used to wind (给钟表上发条) it to keep the time right. Harry: You wind it? 3 (根据回答提一个问题) Great-grandma: There’s a small knob (旋钮) here. You turn it gently until you feel a little resistance (阻力). Harry: 4 (根据回答提一个问题) Great-grandma: Almost every day! Harry: What should we do with it? Sell it or keep it? Great-grandma: I’m not sure. The pocket watch is old, but it still works perfectly. Harry: I think we should keep it. 5 (用含有although引导的让步状语从句对划线句保持句意不变) Great-grandma: You’re right. Let’s keep it. It reminds me of him. Harry: Great! Maybe one day I’ll learn how to wind it too. 五、选词填空 A （25-26八年级上·全国·单元测试）将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空格限填一词或词组，每词或词组只能填一次。 A．led to   B．difference   C． curious   D．failed   E. artist   F. change Throughout history, 1 minds have changed the world. For example, Isaac Newton wondered why apples fell from trees. His curiosity led to the discovery of gravity. Marie Curie was curious about radiation and discovered radium. Leonardo da Vinci’s curiosity made him a great 2 , scientist and inventor. Another curious mind was Thomas Edison. He 3 many times but never stopped asking questions. His curiosity 4 the invention of the light bulb. Curiosity drives people to explore, learn and create. Without curious minds, our world would be very different. So, stay curious—you might just 5 the world too! B （25-26八年级上·上海·阶段检测）选择最恰当的选项填入空格。（每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次） A．ordinary    B．rarely    C． dramatically D．records    E. memories    F. natural Every corner of the old street holds sweet 1 of my childhood. Years ago, it was just a(n) 2 place with small shops and wooden houses. People chatted under old trees, and life went on slowly and peacefully. Now, things have changed 3 . A major project has transformed the street into a lively cultural center. A worker says he 4 the history of old buildings by taking photos and writing stories, so the past won’t be forgotten. Though the street looks different, the warm feelings hidden in its lanes remain. The old and new stand side by side, telling us that change is 5 , but the precious past should always be kept in our hearts. 六、任务型阅读 A （25-26八年级上·上海普陀·期末）阅读短文，回答问题。 In the early 19th century, London was a busy and crowded city filled with factories, smoke, and noise. Ten-year-old Tommy Briggs lived there with his mother and little sister, Annie. After Tommy’s father died in an accident at the dock (码头), the family became very poor. They moved into a tiny, wet room above an old bakery. The walls were cold, and the smell of smoke and stale (变味的) bread filled the air. They had very little money, so Tommy wanted to help. At that time, many poor children had to work. Tommy found a job at a textile factory (纺织厂) near the River Thames. Every morning, he woke up before sunrise and walked through dark, muddy streets to reach the factory. Smoke from chimneys (烟囱) hung in the air, making him cough. The factory was loud and overcrowded. Huge machines filled the room, clacking and working all day long. Tommy’s job was dangerous: he had to move on hands and knees under the machines to collect cotton. The machines never stopped, and one wrong move could lead to serious injury. Tommy often felt scared, but he needed the money. He worked twelve hours a day, six days a week. Lunch was usually just a small piece of bread or a cold potato. Tommy felt tired most of the time, and his hands became rough and red from the work. Still, he tried to stay positive. Sometimes he told jokes to the other children to make them smile. Every evening, when Tommy returned home covered in dust, his mother hugged him tightly. “One day, things will be better,” she said gently. Tommy held on to that hope. He dreamed that 6 . 1．What was London like in the early 19th century? 2．Why did Tommy have to work at a textile factory? 3．When did Tommy wake up every morning? 4．What did Tommy do at the textile factory? 5．How did Tommy feel most of the time? 6．What did Tommy dream of? Fill in the blank of 6. B （25-26八年级上·全国·单元测试）根据短文内容回答下列问题 Curiosity is like a spark that lights up our desire to explore the unknown. In today’s fast-changing world, it’s more important than ever. From the latest AI technologies to space exploration, human curiosity drives innovation and progress. Take Elon Musk, for example. His curiosity about sustainable energy led to the creation of Tesla and SpaceX. He once said, “I want to understand why things are the way they are.” This mindset pushed him to revolutionize electric cars and rocket science. Similarly, young students around the world are using their curiosity to solve real-world problems. A 15-year-old girl in India invented a low-cost water purifier after seeing her community struggle with clean water. Her curiosity turned into a solution that now helps thousands. But curiosity isn’t just for scientists. It’s about asking questions and seeking answers. When you wonder how a smartphone works or why leaves change color, you’re using curiosity. Schools are now encouraging students to explore through projects like coding robots or growing plants. These activities help develop critical thinking and creativity. However, curiosity needs courage. Sometimes, the answers aren’t easy. Thomas Edison failed thousands of times before inventing the light bulb. He saw failure as a step forward, not a stop. This attitude is key: never stop wondering, even when things get tough. As we face challenges like climate change, curiosity will guide us to new solutions. Whether it’s finding renewable energy or curing diseases, the next big idea might start with a simple question. So keep asking, “Why?” and let your curiosity lead the way. The future belongs to those who dare to wonder. 1．Who is Elon Musk and what did his curiosity lead to? 2．What problem did the 15-year-old girl in India solve, and how? 3．How do schools encourage students to explore according to the passage? 4．How did Thomas Edison view failure? 5．What challenges can curiosity help us face according to the passage? 6．What is the author’s advice about curiosity in the passage? 七、书面表达 A （25-26八年级上·全国·单元测试）好奇心 (curiosity) 在我们的学习和生活中起着重要的作用。请以“Curiosity”为题，写一篇英语短文，谈谈好奇心的重要性，并举例说明好奇心是如何帮助你或他人取得进步或获得成功的。 要求： 1. 包含所给要点，可适当发挥； 2. 语句通顺，意思连贯，语法正确，书写规范； 3. 词数：80词左右。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ B （25-26八年级上·上海浦东新·阶段检测）学校正在进行 “过去到现在生活的变迁” (Changes in people’s lives) 征文活动，请以交通、健康、环境、教育等方面，选取至少两点进行论述，完成一篇不少于60个词的短文，对比说明过去生活和现在生活的不同。(标点符号不占格。) (注意：短文中不得出现任何真实人名、校名及其他相关信息，否则不予评分。) __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 Units 3~4（语篇综合练） （建议用时：40分钟） 语法选择 A 黄旭华为国研制核潜艇，坚守忠诚与奉献的人物事迹 语法选择 B 家乡数十年间从贫穷落后到繁荣便利的发展变迁 完形填空 A 科技飞速发展，未来职业所需核心能力培养（数字素养、创造力、持续学习） 完形填空 B 男孩修理冰箱闯祸，父亲借打工还债教会孩子责任与情绪管理 阅读理解 A 萤火虫发光的化学原理、发光两大作用：求偶交流、躲避天敌，呼吁保护自然 阅读理解 B 人类通信方式发展史：手写信→电报→电话→互联网即时通讯，利弊与未来展望 补全对话 祖孙二人讨论祖传老式怀表，交流怀表归属、上发条操作与留存意义 选词填空 A 好奇心推动人类探索创新，列举牛顿、居里夫人、爱迪生等名人案例 选词填空 B 老街新旧风貌对比，回忆童年，感慨时代变迁与珍贵回忆永存 任务型阅读 A 19 世纪伦敦贫困童工 Tommy 艰难打工补贴家庭，心怀对美好生活的期盼 任务型阅读 B 好奇心驱动创新与社会进步，举例马斯克、印度女孩，阐述培养好奇心的意义 书面表达 A 好奇心的重要性，结合个人实验实例论证好奇心助力学习成长 书面表达 B 对比今昔生活差异，从交通、教育两大维度展现生活巨大改善 一、语法选择 （25-26八年级上·上海·单元测试）选择最恰当的答案。 A In Wuhan, people 1 flowers have been lining up at the general building of the 719 Research Institute of China Shipbuilding Industry Group to pay their respects to Huang Xuhua. Born in 1926, in Shanwei, Guangdong Province, Huang grew up in the shadow (影子) of war. When he was a little boy, he was curious about science. He said that curiosity is his best teacher. In 1945, he entered Shanghai Jiao Tong University 2 shipbuilding, hoping to use his knowledge to protect the country. After 3 in 1949, Huang joined the nation’s shipbuilding industry. The top-secret nature of the project meant Huang could not visit his mother for three 4 . When he finally visited her in the late 1980s, she was in 5 90s. And his father passed away. “I believe loyalty (忠诚) to the country is the greatest form of filial piety (孝心) 6 my parents,” Huang said in a TV program. During his life, Huang earned awards for his hard work, 7 the National Moral Model, Medal of the Republic, and State Pre-eminent Science and Technology Award. He became an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering 8 1994. While some media called him the “father of China’s nuclear submarines (核潜艇)”, Huang 9 this title, saying, “China’s nuclear submarines were the result of collective (共同的) effort. I was doing 10 duty.” “We are sorry for his passing, and it is a great loss. We must tell our children about Huang’s story, helping them appreciate history and inspiring them to fight for the nation,” said a Wuhan resident who came to mourn Huang with his son and grandson. 1．A．carry B．carried C．carrying 2．A．study B．to study C．studying 3．A．graduate B．graduated C．graduating 4．A．decade B．decades C．decades-old 5．A．her B．hers C．she 6．A．in B．to C．with 7．A．include B．included C．including 8．A．in B．on C．at 9．A．reject B．rejects C．rejected 10．A．me B．my C．mine 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．A 9．C 10．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了“中国核潜艇之父”黄旭华的生平事迹，包括他的求学经历、投身国家造船事业的奉献、所获荣誉及对个人头衔的谦逊态度，同时提及武汉民众自发悼念他的场景，体现其精神对后人的影响。 1．句意：在武汉，人们手持鲜花在中国船舶重工集团719研究所的综合大楼前排队，向黄旭华致敬。 carry携带，动词原形；carried动词过去式/过去分词；carrying动词现在分词/动名词。根据“have been lining up”可知，句子已有谓语动词，people是主语，与“carry”之间是主动关系，应用现在分词carrying作后置定语，表示“手持鲜花的人”。故选C。 2．句意：1945年，他考入上海交通大学学习造船，希望用自己的知识保卫国家。 study学习，动词原形；to study动词不定式；studying现在分词/动名词。根据“shipbuilding”可知，此处表求学目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语，故选B。 3．句意：1949年毕业后，黄旭华加入了国家造船行业。 graduate毕业，动词原形；graduated动词过去式/过去分词；graduating动词现在分词/动名词。“after”是介词，后接动词时用动名词作宾语，故选C。 4．句意：该项目的绝密性质意味着黄旭华在30年内不能探望他的母亲。 decade十年，名词单数；decades几十年，名词复数；decades-old几十年历史的，形容词。根据“three”可知，后接可数名词复数，“three decades”意为“三十年”，故选B。 5．句意：20世纪80年代末，当他终于去探望母亲时，她已经90多岁了。 her她的，形容词性物主代词/宾格；hers她的，名词性物主代词；she她，主格。“in one’s + 基数词复数”是固定搭配，表“在某人几十多岁时”，此处指“母亲的90多岁”，用形容词性物主代词her。故选A。 6．句意：黄旭华在一档电视节目中说：“我认为，对国家的忠诚是对父母最大的孝心。” in在……里面；to朝，向；with和。“filial piety to sb.”意为“对某人的孝心”，此处表“对父母的孝心”，用介词to。故选B。 7．句意：一生中，黄旭华因辛勤工作获得了许多奖项，包括全国道德模范、共和国勋章和国家最高科学技术奖。 include包含，动词原形；included动词过去式/过去分词；including包含，介词/动名词。根据“the National Moral Model...”可知，这些是列举奖项，应用including作介词。故选C。 8．句意：1994年，他当选为中国工程院院士。 in后接年/月/季节；on后接具体日期；at后接具体时刻。根据“1994”可知，此处用介词in，故选A。 9．句意：当一些媒体称他为“中国核潜艇之父”，但黄旭华拒绝了这个头衔。 reject拒绝，动词原形；rejects动词三单形式；rejected动词过去式/过去分词。根据“While some media called him the “father of China’s nuclear submarines”可知，此处用过去时态，动词应用过去式，故选C。 10．句意：我只是在尽我的职责。 me我，宾格；my我的，形容词性物主代词；mine我的，名词性物主代词。根据“duty”可知，修饰名词需用形容词性物主代词。故选B。 B （25-26八年级上·上海浦东新·阶段检测）My hometown lies at the foot of Mount Yi. Decades ago, there 1 clean rivers, the blue sky and green trees around the houses. The air was fresh and people could hear birds 2 everywhere. At that time, my hometown was poor, 3 the people were hardworking. The people worked in their fields all day 4 a living with their hands. More than two or three children lived in each family. Some of the young kids could not go to school, because they had to help their parents work. As a young kid, I 5 to live a city life. Now my dream has come true. 6 the help of the government, my hometown is becoming much 7 than before. People live in tall, bright buildings comfortably. Almost 8 has a smartphone. People can communicate with their friends on social media 9 they go online. The local government has built a rural community in our village. People can see the doctor and buy things 10 . I am happy to see my hometown better. 1．A．is B．were C．was 2．A．singing B．sang C．sings 3．A．if B．but C．so 4．A．made B．make C．to make 5．A．hoped B．hope C．hoping 6．A．With B．In C．Without 7．A．rich B．richer C．richest 8．A．anyone B．someone C．everyone 9．A．as long as B．before C．though 10．A．easy B．easily C．easiest 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．A 6．A 7．B 8．C 9．A 10．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了几十年间作者的家乡，在政府的帮助下从贫穷落后的状态，变得富裕、便利，作者也实现了向往城市生活的梦想，见证了家乡的发展变化。 1．句意：几十年前，房子周围有清澈的河流、蓝天和绿树。 is是，其主语为第三人称单数；were是，are的过去式，其主语为复数和第二人称；was是，is的过去式。根据“Decades ago”可知，句子的时态为一般过去时，而由“clean rivers”可知，句子的主语为复数，故选B。 2．句意：空气很清新，人们到处都能听到鸟儿唱歌。 singing唱歌，动词的现在分词形式；sang唱歌，动词的过去式形式；sings唱歌，动词的第三人称单数形式。根据“hear”和“everywhere”可知，hear sb./sth. doing sth.“听见某人/某物正在做某事”，符合语境，故选A。 3．句意：那时，我的家乡很穷，但人们很勤劳。 if如果；but但是；so所以。根据“my hometown was poor”和“the people were hardworking”可知，二者是转折关系，故选B。 4．句意：人们整天在田地里干活来谋生。 made制造，动词过去式/过去分词形式；make制造；to make制造，动词不定式形式。根据“The people worked in their fields all day”和“a living with their hands”可知，此处应用不定式作目的状语，故选C。 5．句意：小时候，我希望过城市生活。 hoped希望，动词过去式；hope希望；hoping希望，动词现在分词/动名词形式。根据“As a young kid”可知，句子描述的是过去的动作，谓语动词要用过去式，故选A。 6．句意：在政府的帮助下，我的家乡正变得比以前富裕得多。 With和；In在……里面；Without没有。根据“...the help of the government”可知，with the help of...“在……的帮助下”，符合语境，故选A。 7．句意：在政府的帮助下，我的家乡正变得比以前富裕得多。 rich富有的；richer更富有的，形容词比较级；richest最富有的，形容词最高级。根据“than before”可知，此处应用形容词的比较级形式，故选B。 8．句意：几乎每个人都有一部智能手机。 anyone任何人，多用于否定句和疑问句；someone某人；everyone每个人。根据“People can communicate with their friends on social media”可知，此处应是说几乎所有的人都有智能手机，故选C。 9．句意：只要人们上网，就能在社交媒体上和朋友们交流。 as long as只要，引导条件状语从句；before在……之前，引导时间状语从句；though虽然，引导让步状语从句。根据“People can communicate with their friends on social media”和“they go online”可知，此处引导条件状语从句，故选A。 10．句意：人们可以很方便地看医生和买东西。 easy容易的，形容词；easily容易地，副词；easiest最容易的，形容词最高级。此处需要用副词修饰动词短语“see the doctor and buy things”，故选B。 二、完形填空 A （25-26八年级上·上海宝山·阶段检测）The world is developing fast 1 technology and its uses in our lives. This means that the jobs we have now are changing, and that there will be new jobs in the future. 2 , you won’t be in the same job your whole working life. It’ll be more likely that you will change jobs every few years—especially when you’re early in your job. There are ways to be prepared for the future jobs by building different job skills. It’s a good idea to start 3 these skills early, so you will be ready to jump into these future jobs as they appear. Understanding Digital (数字的) Information Everything is becoming more digital, which means understanding digital information will be important to success in the future jobs. You need to know how to understand and use digital technologies—both software, and hardware—as well as knowing how to read and understand a lot of online information. If you can understand and use digital information, you will be able to learn it quickly and use it to solve problems and make decisions. Being 24 No technology can 4 the creativity of the human mind, and many future jobs will need people to come up with new ideas and put these ideas into real use. This means it is very important to think creatively about problems. If you can imagine ways to solve problems and make new products, you are more likely to be successful in the future jobs. Keeping Learning As new technologies and new jobs appear, it will be more important than ever to be willing to learn new things. Those who can’t or won’t adapt (适应) to these changes will simply get 5 . The workplace is changing fast, and will continue to change. New digital technologies will change nearly every job. So, you should take every chance to learn new skills and technologies, take training classes, and spend time researching and studying up on things that interest you or will be useful for your future jobs. 1．A．because of B．because C．as D．since 2．A．On the other hand B．However C．Unluckily D．What’s more 3．A．learn B．developing C．giving up D．using 4．A．active B．smart C．creative D．patient 5．A．change B．match C．describe D．decide 6．A．left behind B．improved C．happy D．better 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．B 6．A 【导语】本文围绕为未来工作做好准备展开。 1．句意：世界由于科技以及科技在我们生活中的运用而发展迅速。 because of因为，后接名词、代词或动名词等；because因为，后接句子；as作为，由于；since自从，既然。根据“technology and its uses in our lives”可知，此处指由于科技和其运用，世界发展迅速，空后是名词短语，用because of。故选A。 2．句意：而且，你不会一辈子都做同一份工作。 On the other hand另一方面；However然而；Unluckily不幸地；What’s more而且。根据“This means that the jobs we have now are changing, and that there will be new jobs in the future”以及“you won’t be in the same job your whole working life”可知，此处和上文是递进关系。故选D。 3．句意：早点开始培养这些技能是个好主意，这样当这些未来工作出现时，你就可以准备好投身其中了。 learn学习；developing发展；giving up放弃；using使用。根据“It’s a good idea to start...these skills early”可知，是开始培养这些技能，develop skills“培养技能”，start doing sth./start to do sth.“开始做某事”。故选B。 4．句意：有创造力。 active积极的；smart聪明的；creative有创造力的；patient有耐心的。根据“many future jobs will need people to come up with new ideas and put these ideas into real use”可知，未来许多工作需要人们想出新主意，并将其付诸实践，所以要有创造力。故选C。 5．句意：没有技术可以与人类思维的创造力相匹配，许多未来的工作需要人们想出新主意，并将这些想法付诸实践。 change改变；match匹配；describe描述；decide决定。根据“No technology can...the creativity of the human mind”可知，此处指没有技术可以和人类思维的创造力相匹配。故选B。 6．句意：那些不能或不愿适应这些变化的人将会被落下。 left behind留下，遗留；improved提高；happy开心的；better更好的。根据“Those who can’t or won’t adapt (适应) to these changes”可知，不能或不愿适应变化的人将会被落下。故选A。 B （25-26八年级上·上海·单元测试）Choose the best answer and complete the passage（选择最恰当的选项完成短文） Jack, a ten-year-old boy full of curiosity, always wants to explore and learn new things. One day the family’s fridge started making strange noises. Jack 1 the problem and decided to fix it himself. However, the repair didn’t go as planned. When Dad 2 the repair would cost $200, he thought it was a chance to make Jack understand the 3 of responsibility. So he asked Jack to pay back every cent. Jack agreed. A few days later, Jack told his father that he had found a job as a paperboy to pay back the money. One evening at dinner Jack got angry all of a sudden. Dad decided to talk with Jack privately. Jack explained that he was tired from selling newspapers. He did the job just to make money. Dad 4 his own unhappy day in his work. He explained how he was yelled (叫嚷) at by the leader and a customer. 5 he had his bad day, Dad pointed out that he hadn’t taken his anger out on the family. Jack realized his 6 and said sorry to everyone. This experience touched Jack. From that day on, no matter what he went through, he never took his anger out on his friends or family again. The best education is leading by example. 1．A．caused B．noticed C．solved D．connected 2．A．found out B．heard from C．cared about D．looked for 3．A．method B．experience C．importance D．secret 4．A．hated B．forgot C．shared D．liked 5．A．Though B．If C．When D．Because 6．A．dream B．difficulty C．mistake D．chance 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．C 5．A 6．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一个10岁男孩Jack因好奇尝试修理冰箱，失败后父亲通过让他打工还钱的方式教育他责任感，并通过自身经历教会他控制情绪的故事。 1．句意：杰克注意到这个问题，然后决定自己修理它。 caused造成；noticed注意到；solved解决；connected连接。这里表示杰克注意到冰箱发出异响。故选B。 2．句意：当爸爸发现修理费要200美元时，他觉得这是个让杰克明白责任重要的机会。 found out发现，查明；heard from收到……的来信；cared about关心；looked for寻找。这里表示爸爸了解了修理冰箱费用。故选A。 3．句意：当爸爸发现修理费要200美元时，他觉得这是个让杰克明白责任重要的机会。 method方法；experience经历；importance重要性；secret秘密。根据“responsibility”可知，是明白责任的重要性。故选C。 4．句意：爸爸分享自己工作中不开心的一天。 hated憎恨；forgot忘记；shared分享；liked喜欢。根据“He explained how he was yelled (叫嚷) at by the leader and a customer.”可知，表示爸爸给杰克讲自己的事，即分享自己白天的工作内容。故选C。 5．句意：尽管他度过了糟糕的一天，爸爸指出他没有把怒气发泄在家人身上。 though尽管；if如果；when当……的时候；because因为。此处为让步关系，尽管爸爸不开心，但未迁怒家人。故选A。 6．句意：杰克意识到自己的错误，然后向大家道歉。 dream梦想；difficulty困难；mistake错误；chance机会。根据“said sorry to everyone”可知，表示杰克通过爸爸分享的故事，意识到自己的错误。故选C。 三、阅读理解 A （25-26八年级上·上海·单元测试）Imagine you are in a field at night, and suddenly, you see lots of little lights around you. You have just found a gathering of fireflies, and their twinkling lights are like a secret language. This nighttime lights show, especially in the forest, has fascinated people for a long time. Let’s explore the mystery of fireflies. Did you ever wonder how fireflies make their tails glow? The special power of fireflies to make light is called bioluminescence (生物发光), a special ability that some animals, like fireflies, have to create their own light through a chemical reaction. It happens when two chemicals in their bodies combine (结合) and generate a chemical reaction that produces light. However, why do fireflies need to make light in the dark? Now, imagine you are a firefly looking for someone special in the dark. How would you find Mr. or Ms. Right? Fireflies use their glowing lights to send “hello” messages to each other. Each kind of firefly has its own special pattern of flashes, like a secret code. They use their lights as an invitation to get to know each other better, so that they can mate and produce the next generation of fireflies. But fireflies do not just use their lights for conversations. They also use them to stay safe. Imagine you are an adult firefly in the shadows, and a big spider is trying to catch you. What do you do? You turn on your light! Your bright glow is like a sign that tells the spider “I taste disgusting. Do not eat me!” This story of fireflies tells us how amazing and wonderful the natural world is. Exploring the world of fireflies helps us see how important it is to take care of nature and all its fascinating organisms (生物), no matter how small they are. 1．The writer explains how fireflies make light ________. A．by explaining the chemistry behind it B．by giving an example C．by physical experiments D．by showing some facts 2．Why do fireflies use their lights to send messages? A．To scare away predators. B．To find food in the dark. C．To communicate and find mates. D．To show their strength to other fireflies. 3．What might happen if fireflies could not produce light? A．They would find it easier to hide from predators. B．They would have difficulty finding mates. C．They would become more active during the day. D．They would stop eating spiders. 4．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage?(①= Paragraph 1………) A．①/②/③④⑤ B．①/②③④/⑤ C．①/②③/④⑤ D．①/②/③/④⑤ 5．What is the main purpose of fireflies’ glowing behaviour? A．To create a beautiful light show for humans. B．To communicate, find mates, and protect themselves. C．To attract spiders and other predators. D．To produce heat and stay warm at night. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．B 5．B 【导语】本文是说明文，介绍萤火虫发光奥秘与意义，呼吁保护自然。 1．细节理解题。根据文章“The special power of fireflies to make light is called bioluminescence (生物发光), a special ability that some animals, like fireflies, have to create their own light through a chemical reaction. It happens when two chemicals in their bodies combine (结合) and generate a chemical reaction that produces light.”可知，从化学角度，通过解释化学反应过程来说明发光原理。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据文章“Fireflies use their glowing lights to send ‘hello’ messages to each other. Each kind of firefly has its own special pattern of flashes, like a secret code. They use their lights as an invitation to get to know each other better, so that they can mate and produce the next generation of fireflies.”可知，说明萤火虫发光是为了互相打招呼，并以此为邀请去了解彼此、交配繁殖。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据文章“They use their lights as an invitation to get to know each other better, so that they can mate and produce the next generation of fireflies.”可知，发光是萤火虫寻找伴侣、繁殖后代的关键方式。若不能发光，就难以完成“交流-互相了解-交配”流程，会出现找伴侣困难的情况。故选B。 4．篇章结构题。第一段通过描绘场景引出“探索萤火虫奥秘”的话题，是总起段；第二段讲“萤火虫发光的化学原理”；第三段讲 “发光用于交流、找伴侣”；第四段讲“发光用于自保（躲避捕食者）”；这三段是分述萤火虫发光的原理和用途；第五段总结萤火虫故事体现的自然奇妙，以及呼吁保护自然，是总结段；所以结构为“①/②③④/⑤”。故选B。 5．主旨大意题。文中提到萤火虫发光用于交流、找伴侣和自我保护。故选B。 B （25-26八年级上·上海·单元测试）In the 19th century, communication was a slow and laborious process. People relied on handwritten letters, which could take weeks or even months to reach their destination. The invention of the telegraph in the mid-1800s revolutionized communication, allowing messages to be sent over long distances in a matter of minutes. However, it was the advent of the telephone in the late 19th century that truly transformed how people interacted with one another. Fast forward to the 21st century, and communication has become almost instantaneous. With the rise of the Internet and smartphones, people can now send messages, make video calls, and share information with anyone around the globe in seconds. Social media platforms like Facebook, Twitter, and Weibo have further changed the way we communicate, allowing users to share their thoughts, photos, and videos with a wide audience. Despite these advancements, some argue that modern communication lacks the personal touch of handwritten letters. In the past, letters were often carefully crafted, with attention paid to every word. Today, messages are often short and informal, with emojis and abbreviations replacing full sentences. However, others believe that the speed and convenience of modern communication outweigh these drawbacks. The evolution of communication has also had a significant impact on businesses. In the past, companies relied on mail and telephones to communicate with clients and partners. Today, email, video conferencing, and instant messaging have made it easier than ever to conduct business on a global scale. This has led to increased efficiency and productivity, but it has also created new challenges, such as the need to manage large volumes of digital information. As technology continues to advance, it is likely that communication will continue to evolve. Some experts predict that virtual reality and artificial intelligence will play a major role in the future of communication, allowing people to interact in more immersive and personalized ways. Whatever the future holds, one thing is certain: the way we communicate will continue to change, just as it has for centuries. 1．What was the impact of the telegraph on communication in the 19th century? A．It made communication slower and more laborious. B．It allowed messages to be sent over long distances in minutes. C．It replaced handwritten letters entirely. D．It had no significant impact on communication. 2．Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a modern communication tool? A．Social media platforms. B．Video conferencing. C．Handwritten letters. D．Instant messaging. 3．What is the closest antonym for the underlined word “laborious” in the first paragraph? A．Easy. B．Difficult. C．Slow. D．Complicated. 4．Which of the following would be most important to include in a summary of the passage? A．The invention of the telegraph allowed messages to be sent quickly. B．Modern communication is faster but less personal than in the past. C．Virtual reality will change the way we communicate in the future. D．Businesses have benefited from the evolution of communication. 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The invention of the telephone revolutionized communication. B．Modern communication lacks the personal touch of handwritten letters. C．Communication has evolved significantly over time, from letters to instant messaging. D．Virtual reality will play a major role in the future of communication. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述了通信方式从19世纪的手写信件到21世纪互联网和智能手机的即时通信的演变过程，以及这种演变对个人和商业的影响，同时展望了未来通信可能的发展方向。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“The invention of the telegraph in the mid-1800s revolutionized communication, allowing messages to be sent over long distances in a matter of minutes.”可知，19世纪电报的发明使信息能在几分钟内传到很远的地方。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Social media platforms like Facebook, Twitter, and Weibo have further changed the way we communicate”和第四段“Today, email, video conferencing, and instant messaging have made it easier than ever to conduct business on a global scale.”可知，社交媒体平台、视频会议和即时通讯都被提及为现代通讯工具，而手写信件不属于现代通讯工具。故选C。 3．词句猜测题。根据文章第一段“In the 19th century, communication was a slow and laborious process. People relied on handwritten letters, which could take weeks or even months to reach their destination.”可知，在19世纪，通信是一个缓慢而费力的过程，人们依靠手写信件，这可能需要数周甚至数月才能到达目的地，所以“laborious”意为“费力的”，与“easy”意思相反。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Despite these advancements, some argue that modern communication lacks the personal touch of handwritten letters... However, others believe that the speed and convenience of modern communication outweigh these drawbacks.”可知，文章既提到了现代通信的速度和便利性，也提到了其缺乏手写信件的个人化特点，所以B选项“现代通信比过去更快，但缺乏个人化”是文章的重要信息，适合作为总结内容。故选B。 5．主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了通信方式从19世纪的手写信件到21世纪互联网和智能手机的即时通信的演变过程。C选项“Communication has evolved significantly over time, from letters to instant messaging.”概括了文章的主旨。故选C。 四、补全对话 （25-26八年级上·上海·阶段检测）Harry: Look at this pocket watch, Great-grandma! It’s very old. Great-grandma: Yes! 1 (用belong翻译句子) And you know what? It still works well. Harry: 2 (表达惊讶) Something so old still works! Great-grandma: It does. We used to wind (给钟表上发条) it to keep the time right. Harry: You wind it? 3 (根据回答提一个问题) Great-grandma: There’s a small knob (旋钮) here. You turn it gently until you feel a little resistance (阻力). Harry: 4 (根据回答提一个问题) Great-grandma: Almost every day! Harry: What should we do with it? Sell it or keep it? Great-grandma: I’m not sure. The pocket watch is old, but it still works perfectly. Harry: I think we should keep it. 5 (用含有although引导的让步状语从句对划线句保持句意不变) Great-grandma: You’re right. Let’s keep it. It reminds me of him. Harry: Great! Maybe one day I’ll learn how to wind it too. 【答案】1．It belongs to your great-grandfather. 2．That’s amazing!/How amazing! 3．How do you wind it? 4．How often do you wind it? 5．Although the pocket watch is old, it still works perfectly. 【导语】本文是一段Harry和曾祖母之间关于一只古老怀表的对话，他们讨论了怀表的来历、上发条的方法、使用频率以及是否应该保留它。 1．根据题目要求，需要用“belong”来翻译句子，表示这块怀表属于曾祖父。belong to意为“属于”，且句子描述的是过去的状态，但此处更侧重于表达一种所属关系，不强调过去的具体时间点，因此用一般现在时即可，主语it为第三人称单数，谓语动词用三单形式。故填It belongs to your great-grandfather. 2．根据题目要求，需要表达惊讶，对于这么旧的东西还能用感到惊奇。可以用“That’s amazing!”或“How amazing!”来表达这种惊讶的情感。故填That’s amazing!/How amazing! 3．根据答语“There’s a small knob (旋钮) here. You turn it gently until you feel a little resistance (阻力).”可知，此处是在询问如何给怀表上发条，即上发条的方法是什么。故填How do you wind it? 4．根据答语“Almost every day!”可知，此处是在询问给怀表上发条的频率，即多久上一次发条。故填How often do you wind it? 5．根据题目要求，需要用含有although引导的让步状语从句对划线句“The pocket watch is old, but it still works perfectly.”保持句意不变。although引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然，尽管”，原句中的but需要去掉，因为although和but不能同时使用在一个句子中。故填Although the pocket watch is old, it still works perfectly. 五、选词填空 A （25-26八年级上·全国·单元测试）将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空格限填一词或词组，每词或词组只能填一次。 A．led to   B．difference   C． curious   D．failed   E. artist   F. change Throughout history, 1 minds have changed the world. For example, Isaac Newton wondered why apples fell from trees. His curiosity led to the discovery of gravity. Marie Curie was curious about radiation and discovered radium. Leonardo da Vinci’s curiosity made him a great 2 , scientist and inventor. Another curious mind was Thomas Edison. He 3 many times but never stopped asking questions. His curiosity 4 the invention of the light bulb. Curiosity drives people to explore, learn and create. Without curious minds, our world would be very different. So, stay curious—you might just 5 the world too! 【答案】1．C 2．E 3．D 4．A 5．F 【导语】本文通过列举牛顿、居里夫人、达・芬奇和爱迪生等名人的例子，阐述了好奇心对人类探索、学习和创造的推动作用，并呼吁人们保持好奇心。 1．句意：纵观历史，好奇的头脑改变了世界。根据“minds have changed the world.”及下文列举的牛顿、居里夫人等人物均因好奇心取得成就，结合所给选项可知，curious“好奇的”符合语境，用于修饰“minds”。故填C。 2．句意：列奥纳多·达・芬奇的好奇心使他成为一位伟大的艺术家、科学家和发明家。artist“艺术家”是表示职业的名词，与后文“scientist”和“inventor”并列，符合对达・芬奇多重身份描述。故填E。 3．句意：他失败了很多次，但从未停止提问。根据“... many times but never stopped asking questions.”可知他失败了很多次，但从未停止提问，failed“失败”是动词过去式，符合句子时态和语境。故填D。 4．句意：他的好奇心促成了电灯泡的发明。led to“导致；促成”表示因果关系，此处指好奇心是爱迪生发明电灯的推动因素，符合逻辑。故填A。 5．句意：所以，保持好奇心——你也可能改变世界！前文提到“好奇的头脑改变了世界”，此处呼应前文，change“改变”符合呼吁人们保持好奇心并可能产生重大影响的语境。故填F。 B （25-26八年级上·上海·阶段检测）选择最恰当的选项填入空格。（每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次） A．ordinary    B．rarely    C． dramatically D．records    E. memories    F. natural Every corner of the old street holds sweet 1 of my childhood. Years ago, it was just a(n) 2 place with small shops and wooden houses. People chatted under old trees, and life went on slowly and peacefully. Now, things have changed 3 . A major project has transformed the street into a lively cultural center. A worker says he 4 the history of old buildings by taking photos and writing stories, so the past won’t be forgotten. Though the street looks different, the warm feelings hidden in its lanes remain. The old and new stand side by side, telling us that change is 5 , but the precious past should always be kept in our hearts. 【答案】1．E 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．F 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过描绘一条老街的变迁，表达了对童年美好记忆的怀念，并指出在时代巨变中，虽然街景已大不相同，但那份温暖的情感和珍贵的历史依然值得留存于心。 1．句意：老街的每一个角落都承载着我童年的甜蜜回忆。根据“Every corner of the old street holds sweet...of my childhood.”可知，老街的每一个角落都承载着童年的某种东西，结合选项可知，memories“回忆”符合语境，表示承载着童年的甜蜜回忆。故选E。 2．句意：几年前，它只是一个有着小商店和木屋的普通地方。根据“with small shops and wooden houses”可知，有着小商店和木屋的地方应该是普通的，ordinary“普通的”符合语境。故选A。 3．句意：现在，情况发生了巨大的变化。根据“A major project has transformed the street into a lively cultural center.”可知，一个重大项目把这条街变成了一个充满活力的文化中心，所以情况发生了巨大的变化，dramatically“巨大地”符合语境，修饰动词changed。故选C。 4．句意：一名工人说，他通过拍照和写故事来记录老建筑的历史，这样过去就不会被遗忘。根据“the history of old buildings by taking photos and writing stories”可知，通过拍照和写故事来记录老建筑的历史，records“记录”符合语境，且句子时态为一般现在时，主语he为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词用三单形式。故选D。 5．句意：新旧并存，告诉我们变化是自然的，但珍贵的过去应该永远留在我们心中。根据“but the precious past should always be kept in our hearts”可知，珍贵的过去应该永远留在我们心中，结合选项可知，此处表示变化是自然的，natural“自然的”符合语境。故选F。 六、任务型阅读 A （25-26八年级上·上海普陀·期末）阅读短文，回答问题。 In the early 19th century, London was a busy and crowded city filled with factories, smoke, and noise. Ten-year-old Tommy Briggs lived there with his mother and little sister, Annie. After Tommy’s father died in an accident at the dock (码头), the family became very poor. They moved into a tiny, wet room above an old bakery. The walls were cold, and the smell of smoke and stale (变味的) bread filled the air. They had very little money, so Tommy wanted to help. At that time, many poor children had to work. Tommy found a job at a textile factory (纺织厂) near the River Thames. Every morning, he woke up before sunrise and walked through dark, muddy streets to reach the factory. Smoke from chimneys (烟囱) hung in the air, making him cough. The factory was loud and overcrowded. Huge machines filled the room, clacking and working all day long. Tommy’s job was dangerous: he had to move on hands and knees under the machines to collect cotton. The machines never stopped, and one wrong move could lead to serious injury. Tommy often felt scared, but he needed the money. He worked twelve hours a day, six days a week. Lunch was usually just a small piece of bread or a cold potato. Tommy felt tired most of the time, and his hands became rough and red from the work. Still, he tried to stay positive. Sometimes he told jokes to the other children to make them smile. Every evening, when Tommy returned home covered in dust, his mother hugged him tightly. “One day, things will be better,” she said gently. Tommy held on to that hope. He dreamed that 6 . 1．What was London like in the early 19th century? 2．Why did Tommy have to work at a textile factory? 3．When did Tommy wake up every morning? 4．What did Tommy do at the textile factory? 5．How did Tommy feel most of the time? 6．What did Tommy dream of? Fill in the blank of 6. 【答案】1．London was busy, crowded, and filled with factories, smoke and noise. 2．Because his father died and his family became very poor, he needed to earn money./Because his father died and they had very little money. 3．Before sunrise. 4．He moved on hands and knees under the machines to collect cotton 5．He felt tired 6．children could go to school and no child had to work in a factory again/ life could become easier for his family and he could go to school. 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了19世纪初伦敦少年汤米在父亲去世后，因家境贫困被迫到危险的纺织厂做童工以补贴家用的艰难生活，展现了他坚韧不拔的精神和对未来的希望。 1．根据“In the early 19th century, London was a busy and crowded city filled with factories, smoke, and noise.”可知，19世纪初的伦敦是一个繁忙、拥挤、充满工厂、烟尘和噪音的城市。故填London was busy, crowded, and filled with factories, smoke and noise. 2．根据“After Tommy’s father died...the family became very poor...They had very little money, so Tommy wanted to help.”可知，汤米必须去纺织厂工作的原因是父亲去世后家庭变得非常贫困，他需要挣钱。故填Because his father died and his family became very poor, he needed to earn money./Because his father died and they had very little money. 3．根据“Every morning, he woke up before sunrise...”可知，汤米每天早晨在日出前起床。故填Before sunrise. 4．根据“Tommy’s job was dangerous: he had to move on hands and knees under the machines to collect cotton.”可知，汤米在纺织厂的工作是手脚并用地爬到机器下面收集棉花。故填He moved on hands and knees under the machines to collect cotton. 5．根据“Tommy felt tired most of the time...”可知，汤米大部分时间都感到疲惫。故填He felt tired. 6．本题为补全句子题，要求根据文章内容推测汤米的梦想。结合汤米的艰难处境（贫困、被迫做童工）以及文章最后母亲给予的希望和他保持积极态度的描写，可以合理推断他的梦想是关于改善生活、能够上学或终结童工现象。故填children could go to school and no child had to work in a factory again./life could become easier for his family and he could go to school. B （25-26八年级上·全国·单元测试）根据短文内容回答下列问题 Curiosity is like a spark that lights up our desire to explore the unknown. In today’s fast-changing world, it’s more important than ever. From the latest AI technologies to space exploration, human curiosity drives innovation and progress. Take Elon Musk, for example. His curiosity about sustainable energy led to the creation of Tesla and SpaceX. He once said, “I want to understand why things are the way they are.” This mindset pushed him to revolutionize electric cars and rocket science. Similarly, young students around the world are using their curiosity to solve real-world problems. A 15-year-old girl in India invented a low-cost water purifier after seeing her community struggle with clean water. Her curiosity turned into a solution that now helps thousands. But curiosity isn’t just for scientists. It’s about asking questions and seeking answers. When you wonder how a smartphone works or why leaves change color, you’re using curiosity. Schools are now encouraging students to explore through projects like coding robots or growing plants. These activities help develop critical thinking and creativity. However, curiosity needs courage. Sometimes, the answers aren’t easy. Thomas Edison failed thousands of times before inventing the light bulb. He saw failure as a step forward, not a stop. This attitude is key: never stop wondering, even when things get tough. As we face challenges like climate change, curiosity will guide us to new solutions. Whether it’s finding renewable energy or curing diseases, the next big idea might start with a simple question. So keep asking, “Why?” and let your curiosity lead the way. The future belongs to those who dare to wonder. 1．Who is Elon Musk and what did his curiosity lead to? 2．What problem did the 15-year-old girl in India solve, and how? 3．How do schools encourage students to explore according to the passage? 4．How did Thomas Edison view failure? 5．What challenges can curiosity help us face according to the passage? 6．What is the author’s advice about curiosity in the passage? 【答案】1．Elon Musk is an entrepreneur. His curiosity about sustainable energy led to the creation of Tesla and SpaceX. 2．The girl invented a low-cost water purifier after seeing her community struggle with clean water. 3．Schools encourage exploration through projects like coding robots or growing plants. 4．Edison saw failure as a step forward, not a stop. 5．Curiosity helps us face challenges like climate change and finding renewable energy. 6．The author advises us never to stop asking “Why?” and let curiosity guide us. 【导语】本文探讨了好奇心在推动人类探索、创新和进步中的重要作用。 1．根据“His curiosity about sustainable energy led to the creation of Tesla and SpaceX.”可知，Elon Musk是一位企业家，他对可持续能源的好奇心促使他创立了特斯拉和SpaceX。故填Elon Musk is an entrepreneur. His curiosity about sustainable energy led to the creation of Tesla and SpaceX. 2．根据“A 15-year-old girl in India invented a low-cost water purifier after seeing her community struggle with clean water.”可知，她解决了清洁饮水问题，方式是发明低成本净水器。故填The girl invented a low-cost water purifier after seeing her community struggle with clean water. 3．根据“Schools are now encouraging students to explore through projects like coding robots or growing plants”可知，学校通过编程机器人、种植植物等项目鼓励学生探索。故填Schools encourage exploration through projects like coding robots or growing plants. 4．根据“ Thomas Edison failed thousands of times before inventing the light bulb. He saw failure as a step forward, not a stop.”可知，他把失败视为前进的一步，而非停滞。故填Edison saw failure as a step forward, not a stop. 5．根据“ As we face challenges like climate change, curiosity will guide us to new solutions. Whether it’s finding renewable energy or curing diseases, the next big idea might start with a simple question.”可知，好奇心能帮助我们应对诸如气候变化和寻找可再生能源这类挑战。故填Curiosity helps us face challenges like climate change and finding renewable energy. 6．根据文章最后一句“So keep asking, ‘Why?’ and let your curiosity lead the way.”可知，作者建议我们，永远不要停止追问“为什么”，要让好奇心引领我们前行。故填The author advises us never to stop asking “Why?” and let curiosity guide us. 七、书面表达 A （25-26八年级上·全国·单元测试）好奇心 (curiosity) 在我们的学习和生活中起着重要的作用。请以“Curiosity”为题，写一篇英语短文，谈谈好奇心的重要性，并举例说明好奇心是如何帮助你或他人取得进步或获得成功的。 要求： 1. 包含所给要点，可适当发挥； 2. 语句通顺，意思连贯，语法正确，书写规范； 3. 词数：80词左右。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 Curiosity Curiosity is like a key that opens the door to knowledge. It plays a vital role in both study and life, pushing us to explore and learn more. For example, last term, I was curious about why plants grow towards light. I asked my biology teacher, read books, and even did a small experiment. Finally, I learned it was due to “phototropism”. This experience not only helped me master the knowledge but also made me more interested in science. In short, curiosity helps us make progress and achieve success. We should always keep it alive in our hearts. [总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇话题作文； ②时态：时态主要为“一般过去时”； ③提示：文章应该包括所有提示要点，要适当补充，使文章内容充实；行文时多用第一人称，尽量多使用短语和句型；写作中适当使用连接词，使行文连贯、顺畅。 [写作步骤] 第一步，通过比喻引入主题，强调好奇心在学习和生活中的关键作用； 第二步，用个人经历证明好奇心的实际价值，展示其如何促进学习； 第三步，总结好奇心对个人成长的作用，并呼吁行动。 [亮点词汇] ①in short 总之 ②play a role in 在……起作用 [高分句型] ①For example, last term, I was curious about why plants grow towards light. (宾语从句) ②Curiosity is like a key that opens the door to knowledge. (that引导的限制性定语从句) B （25-26八年级上·上海浦东新·阶段检测）学校正在进行 “过去到现在生活的变迁” (Changes in people’s lives) 征文活动，请以交通、健康、环境、教育等方面，选取至少两点进行论述，完成一篇不少于60个词的短文，对比说明过去生活和现在生活的不同。(标点符号不占格。) (注意：短文中不得出现任何真实人名、校名及其他相关信息，否则不予评分。) __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 例文： Changes in people’s lives Great changes have taken place in people’s lives.           In the past, people mostly walked or rode bikes for travel, and long trips took much time. Now, we have cars, high-speed trains and planes to go anywhere quickly. For education, students only learned in classrooms before. But now, online classes let them study at home with resources from all over the country. Life is much more convenient now! [总体分析] ①题材：话题作文； ②时态：一般过去时和一般现在时； ③提示：选取交通、健康、环境、教育等方面中至少两点，用具体例子对比变化，结尾强调生活变得更好。 [写作步骤] 第一步，总起变化：首句概括生活巨变。 第二步，分别对比具体变化。 第三步，总结升华，强调生活变得更好。 [亮点词汇] ① in the past 在过去 ②took much time 花费许多时间 ③all over the country 全国各地 [高分句型] ①Great changes have taken place in people’s lives. (运用现在完成时) ② Life is much more convenient now! (运用形容词比较级) 1 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $