Unit 7 The natural world双宾语动词及基本句型（SVOO、SVOC）（核心语法精练）英语新教材译林版八年级上册

**基本信息** 以双宾语动词及SVOO/SVOC句型为核心，通过概念定义-动词分类-句型对比-连词应用的逻辑链条，构建"知识回顾-考点夯基-综合提升"三阶训练体系，强化语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |知识回顾|3类表格（结构/动词/句型）|双宾语结构转换（V+sb+sth↔V+sth+to/for+sb）、SVOO与SVOC区分（逻辑主谓关系）、连词逻辑关系判断|从概念定义到动词分类，再到句型对比及连词拓展，形成完整语法网络| |考点夯基|4题型（填空/选择/完成句子/句型转换）70题|动词形式应用（不定式/分词）、句型结构识别（如"S+V+IO+DO"判断）|针对基础考点，通过不同题型巩固语法规则的灵活运用| |综合提升|语法选择+短文填空|语境中综合运用双宾语结构、句型转换及连词逻辑|从单句到语篇，提升语法知识在真实语境中的迁移能力|

Unit 7 The natural world 核心语法精练 双宾语动词及基本句型（SVOO、SVOC） 目录 二、考点夯基 6 一、用所给单词的正确形式填空 6 二、单项选择 7 三、完成句子 8 四、句型转换 9 1 一、语法选择 11 二、短文填空 12 双宾语动词及基本句型（SVOO、SVOC） 一、可接双宾语的动词 结构：主语 + 谓语 + 间接宾语（人） + 直接宾语（物） = 主语 + 谓语 + 直接宾语（物） + 介词 (to/for) + 间接宾语（人） 双宾语 1. 概念定义 部分及物动词后可接两个宾语： 间接宾语（IO）：通常指 "人"，表示动作是 "为谁 / 对谁" 做的； 直接宾语（DO）：通常指 "物"，表示动作的直接承受者。 两种结构对比表 结构 公式 例句 结构一：人在前，物在后 V + sb. + sth. She gave me a book. 结构二：物在前，人在后（加介词） V + sth. + to/for + sb. She gave a book to me. 介词 to 与 for 的选择 介词 含义 常见动词 例句 to 表示 "给、对"（方向性） give, show, send, bring, pass, tell, teach, lend, hand Please pass the salt to me. for 表示 "为、替"（目的性） buy, make, cook, get, sing, draw, find My mother bought a new bag for me. 1. 常接介词 to 的动词（表 "给予、传递"） 动词 含义 例句（双宾语结构） 同义转换（加 to） give 给 Give me the book. Give the book to me. pass 传递 Pass her the salt. Pass the salt to her. show 展示 Show us your photos. Show your photos to us. send 寄送 Send him an email. Send an email to him. bring 带来 Bring me a cup of tea. Bring a cup of tea to me. take 拿走 Take her the message. Take the message to her. lend 借出 Lend me your pen. Lend your pen to me. tell 告诉 Tell us a story. Tell a story to us. teach 教 Teach us English. Teach English to us. write 写 Write me a letter. Write a letter to me. hand 递交 Hand him the key. Hand the key to him. offer 提供 Offer them a job. Offer a job to them. sell 卖 Sell me the bike. Sell the bike to me. return 归还 Return me the book. Return the book to me. 2. 常接介词 for 的动词（表 "为…… 做"） 动词 含义 例句（双宾语结构） 同义转换（加 for） buy 买 Buy me a new bag. Buy a new bag for me. make 制作 Make us a cake. Make a cake for us. cook 烹饪 Cook him dinner. Cook dinner for him. get 弄到 Get me a ticket. Get a ticket for me. sing 唱 Sing us a song. Sing a song for us. draw 画 Draw me a picture. Draw a picture for me. find 找到 Find me a job. Find a job for me. order 订购 / 点 Order us some food. Order some food for us. save 节省 / 保留 Save me a seat. Save a seat for me. build 建造 Build them a house. Build a house for them. 二、SVOO 与 SVOC 句型 句型结构总览 句型 全称 结构 核心特点 典型动词 SVOO Subject + Verb + Indirect Object + Direct Object 主 + 谓 + 间宾（人） + 直宾（物） 两个宾语都是动作的对象，间宾和直宾之间没有逻辑上的主谓关系；可改为 "V + sth + to/for + sb" give, show, send, buy, tell, teach, bring 等 SVOC Subject + Verb + Object + Object Complement 主 + 谓 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语 宾语和补足语之间有逻辑上的主谓关系（即 "宾语做 / 是……"）；补足语补充说明宾语的身份、状态、动作 call, name, make, keep, find, think, leave, see, hear, watch, let, have, ask, tell, want 等 1.例句：SVOO 与 SVOC 对比 句型 例句 成分分析 判断依据 SVOO She gave me a book. me = 间宾；a book = 直宾 "我" 和 "书" 之间不存在 "我是书" 或 "我书" 的逻辑关系 SVOC We call him Tom. him = 宾语；Tom = 宾补 逻辑上：He is Tom.（他是汤姆）—— 有主谓关系 SVOO He bought his mother a gift. his mother = 间宾；a gift = 直宾 可转换：He bought a gift for his mother. SVOC They made him monitor. him = 宾语；monitor = 宾补 逻辑上：He is monitor.（他是班长）—— 有主谓关系 SVOO Tell me your name. me = 间宾；your name = 直宾 可转换：Tell your name to me. SVOC Keep the room clean. the room = 宾语；clean = 宾补 逻辑上：The room is clean.（房间是干净的）—— 有主谓关系 2.SVOC 中宾补的常见形式 宾补形式 常见动词 例句 名词 call, name, make, elect, find, think, consider We named the baby Jack. 形容词 make, keep, find, think, leave, get, paint The news made her happy. 副词 / 介词短语 let, find, leave Let him in. / Leave the room in order. 动词原形（不带 to 的不定式） make, let, have, see, hear, watch, feel, notice I saw him cross the road. 带 to 的不定式 ask, tell, want, would like, invite, allow, advise She asked me to help her. 现在分词（-ing） see, hear, watch, feel, find, keep, leave I heard her singing in the next room. 过去分词（-ed） have, get, make, find, leave I had my hair cut yesterday. 三、并列连词 and, but, or, so 的用法 1.基本用法对比 连词 含义 逻辑关系 用法说明 例句 and 和；并且；然后 并列 / 顺承 / 递进 连接对等的词、短语或句子，表示并列关系或动作先后 I like apples and bananas. She got up and had breakfast. but 但是 转折 连接意思相反或相对的内容，语气较 however 弱 He is poor, but he is happy. I wanted to go, but I was too busy. or 或者；否则 选择 / 警告 ① 表示选择关系；② 用于祈使句后，意为 "否则"（= if not） Would you like tea or coffee? Hurry up, or you'll be late. so 所以；于是 因果 表示结果，引出由前文原因导致的结果（不能与 because 同时出现在同一句中） It was raining, so we stayed at home. I was tired, so I went to bed early. 2.四大连词用法详解 连词 功能分类 结构 / 句型 例句 and 并列关系 A and B（连接对等成分） My brother and I are students. 顺承关系 动词 1 + and + 动词 2（动作先后） He came in and sat down. 祈使句 + and + 句子（= if…） Study hard, and you'll pass. but 转折关系 …, but …（前后语义相反） The bag is nice, but it's too expensive. not … but …（不是…… 而是……） He is not a teacher but a doctor. or 选择关系 A or B（二者选其一） Are you going by bus or by train? 否定句中代替 and（和） I don't like coffee or tea. 祈使句 + or + 句子（否则） Put on your coat, or you'll catch a cold. so 因果关系 原因句 + so + 结果句 She felt ill, so she went to see the doctor. so that（以便，为了） He got up early so that he could catch the early bus. 3.易错点分析 考点 说明 正确示例 because 与 so 不能连用 二者只能用一个，不能同时出现在同一句 Because he was ill, he didn't come. He was ill, so he didn't come. although/though 与 but 不能连用 二者只能用一个 Although it rained, we went out. It rained, but we went out. 否定句中用 or 代替 and 否定句中并列成分用 or 连接 He can't read or write. 祈使句 + and/or and 表 "那么就"；or 表 "否则" Work hard, and you'll succeed. Work hard, or you'll fail. and 连接主语 A and B 作主语，谓语用复数 Tom and Jerry are good friends. 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1．He also trained people ________ (do) research on farming. 2．Mum reminds Peter ________ (buy) some milk because it’s running out. 3．Let friendship be warm like sunshine and ________ (die) like a quiet stream in autumn. 4．The introduction of this new product helped farmers ________ (produce) much more rice. 5．Yesterday I ________ (notice) a lovely cat ________ (pass) by my window. 6．I recommend you _________ (book) tickets early. 7．He invited all his friends ____________ (come) to his birthday party. 8．His friend noticed him ________ (look) sad. 9．Mr Wang teaches _______ (we) English this year. We like him very much. 10．I read books every day to make ________(me) better and learn more about the world. 11．This valuable necklace ______ (cost) her grandmother a fortune when she bought it in the 1990s. 12．Please give ________ (she) a glass of water. 13．Only by studying hard continuously can we promise ________ (our) a bright future. 14．On my twelfth birthday, my mother made ________ (I) a beautiful sweater as my birthday gift. 15．I ________ (find) it interesting to take part in volunteer activities. 16．He did not want to disappoint his family as ________ (well) as himself. 17．They remember better if they do a task rather than just ________ (read) about it. 18．She joined the PLA as a doctor and ________ (become) China’s first female paratrooper. 19．Chen Ming found a good way to study and ________ (improve) his French. 20．My father wants me to be a doctor ________ (and/or) an engineer, ________ (so/but) I want to be an actor. 二、单项选择 21．Tom is interested in adventure stories, ________ he often reads books by Jack London. A．or B．so C．but D．though 22．My hometown used to be a small and quiet village, ________ now it is a modern and busy town. A．but B．or C．so D．for 23．He loves playing the piano________ his twin brother is only interested in playing basketball. A．when B．while C．but D．or 24．— _________ was your trip to the museum? — It was educational (有教育意义的) ________ a little boring. A．How; but B．What; and C．How; or D．What; but 25．Learning is not a lonely journey, ________ we need to discuss with partners. A．so B．because C．but D．or 26．—Would you like ________ fishing with me? —Yes, I’d like to. ________ I have a lot of homework to do. A．to go; But B．go; And C．going; But D．goes; And 27．—Can you help me? The pen is John’s. 一OK, I will ________. A．give him it B．give it him C．give to him it D．give it to him 28．I left my pen at home. Could you please ________ me yours for a moment? A．lend B．borrow C．keep D．take 29．The local government promised to ______ more food and water ______ the homeless people. A．provide; for B．provide; into C．provide; with D．provide; at 30．My grandmother ______ and said, “Now, make the first cut.” A．handed me a piece of paper B．handed a piece of paper me C．handed a piece of paper for me D．handed for me a piece of paper 31．—We ______ you a Merry Christmas! —Thanks. I ______ you’ll have a good time. A．wish; hope B．hope; wish C．wish; wish D．hope; hope 32．Our teacher always tells us we should ________ our classroom clean and tidy every day. A．keep B．make C．let D．get 33．She ______ a postcard ______ her grandpa next week. A．sends; with B．will send; with C．sends; to D．will send; to 34．I saw Li Ming ______ near the river on my way home. A．plays B．playing C．to play D．played 35．After the earthquake, the government tried to ________ food and fresh water to people in need. A．offer B．improve C．find D．provide 36．Please give your sister ________ a new pen, Danny. A．to B．for C．with D．/ 37．The structure of the sentence “Hobo built Eddie a tent.” is ________. A．S+V+O B．S+V+P C．S+V+O+O D．S+V+O+C 38．Which sentence belongs to “S+V+IO+DO”? A．The teacher gave him a book. B．The book is interesting. C．The little dog is called “Diandian”. D．The music sounds great. 39．The basic sentence structure of “They call the ocean the heart of the earth.” is ________ . A．S+V+O B．S+V+P C．S+V+O+O D．S+V+O+C 40．Which of the following has the same sentence structure as “They asked me to stop.”? A．We call her Mrs. Brown. B．He likes swimming. C．They are good at Maths. D．Mr. Green has an uncle. 三、完成句子 41．烹饪给我们带来幸福和爱。 Cooking ________ us happiness and ________. 42．他们觉得球类运动给他们能量并帮助建立团队精神。   They feel that ball games ________ them energy and help ________ team spirit. 43．我愿意借这本书给Mary。 I am willing to ______ the book ______ Mary. 44．他主动要把他的词典借给我 He __________ ________ __________ me his dictionary.。 45．我不喜欢好朋友送我的新T恤。 I don’t like the new T-shirt my good friend ________ ________ me. 46．你不会忘记带你的校服，对吗？   You won’t ________ to bring your ________, will you? 47．我发现每周末在我爷爷的农场上骑马很有趣。 I ________ ________ interesting to ride a horse at my grandfather’s farm every weekend. 48．压力太大使他感到不舒服。 Too much stress ________ him ________ ________. 49．医生强烈警告他戒烟。 The doctor strongly ________ him ________ stop smoking. 50．让我来告诉你我的故事。 Let me ________ you my ________. 51．我以前不会骑自行车，但是我现在学会了骑自行车。 I couldn’t ride a bike before, ________ I have learned ________ ________ a bike now. 52．我们自主记录课文，而非死记单词。 Record texts by ________, ________ than memorize single words. 53．志愿服务不仅有趣，还帮助我们学习和成长。 Volunteering is ________ ________ for fun but it also helps us learn and grow. 54．她不仅善良，而且乐于助人。 She is ________ ________ kind ________ ________ helpful. 55．许多人靠开小店铺谋生，同时也在网上卖东西。 Many people ________ by running small shops ________ selling things online at the same time. 四、句型转换 56．Everyone went hiking except Tom.（改为同义句） Tom didn’t go hiking. ________ ________ the others did. 57．The hacker was so clever that he tricked many people.（改为同义句） The hacker was very clever, ________ he tricked many people. 58．It rained hard, so she didn’t take a walk.（改为同义句） She didn’t take a walk ________ ________ the heavy rain. 59．Although it rained heavily, we still finished the hiking trip. (改为同义句) It rained heavily, ________ we still finished the hiking trip. 60．We should study hard and we should also find time to relax.（合并为一句） We should ________ study hard ________ find time to relax. 61．She forgot to set her alarm clock and as a result, she was late for work. She forgot to set her alarm clock, ________ ________ she was late for work. 62．Though he is very tired, he still keeps working. (改为同义句) He is very tired, ________ he still keeps working. 63．She shows the photo to me. (改为同义句) She ________ ________ ________ photo. 64．They provide food and clothes for the poor children. (改为同义句) They ________ the poor children ________ food and clothes. 65．My teacher advised me to join the study group.（改为同义句） My teacher gave me __________ __________ on joining the study group. 66．Betty is kind. Betty is helpful. (合并为一句，使用and) Betty is kind ________ ________. 67．Although it rains, we keep training.(用but改写) It rains, ________ we keep training. 68．Tom’s father gave him a new bicycle as the birthday present. (改为被动句) A new bicycle________by his father as the birthday present. 69．Cathy is going to find a job this weekend. (改为一般疑问句) ________ Cathy ________ ________ ________ a job this weekend? 70．We chose a leader. We discussed ideas.（合并为一句） We chose a leader ________ ________ ideas. 一、语法选择 There are many wetlands (湿地) in China. And 1 of them have become the world’s important wetlands. The Chinese Yellow Sea Wetlands are among them. They are in Yancheng, Jiangsu Province. There 2 many different kinds of animals living there as home. The world’s largest Milu Deer Nature Reserve is in them. 3 milu deer live freely there. There are not many red-crowned cranes (丹顶鹤) in the world, 4 every winter you can see some in the Red-Crowned Cranes Nature Reserve in the Yellow Sea Wetlands. The temperature in the wetlands is usually 5 too high nor too low. There is a lot of rain and sunshine, too. There are really good places for wildlife. 6 food or home to some special kinds of animals is not the only reason 7 we need to protect wetlands. Wetlands are important because they can 8 prevent (阻止) floods. But some people insist that they want 9 the wetlands to make more space for farms and buildings. This means that there will be 10 space for wildlife. Luckily, more and more people begin to realize the 11 of wetlands and wildlife at the moment. Every year 12 February 2nd, many activities are held to tell people more about wetlands. More and more wetland parks 13 around the world. They 14 not only protect some endangered animals, but also provide some good places for us to travel. Do you think it’s necessary for 15 to protect the wetlands? 1．A．little B．much C．any D．some 2．A．is B．are C．was D．were 3．A．Thousand B．Thousands C．Thousand of D．Thousands of 4．A．and B．but C．so D．because 5．A．either B．both C．neither D．none 6．A．Offer B．Offers C．Offering D．To offering 7．A．what B．which C．why D．when 8．A．also B．too C．either D．as well as 9．A．change B．changes C．to change D．changed 10．A．little B．less C．least D．the least 11．A．important B．importance C．importantly D．more importantly 12．A．on B．in C．at D．for 13．A．build B．is built C．was built D．are built 14．A．should B．can C．need D．must 15．A．ours B．our C．we D．us 二、短文填空 1 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 What will our world be like if there are no insects? Maybe it will give you much pleasure when there are no bad insects in your everyday life. 16 this could cause many problems in fact. The number of insects keeps down these years. There are also 17 (few) places for insects to live in than before. It 18 (become) a worrying natural problem now. What will happen if all insects die out? I think it will be 19 (real) serious. We need insects to break down (分解) 20 (die) plants and animals and turn them into new things. It provides us 21 the healthy soil (土壤). Besides, insects are food for lots of animals. The animals will be hungry or die without 22 (they). Then what should we do? The scientists spend lots of time 23 (search) for better ways to control the terrible situation. One of the 24 (suggestion) is that people can understand nature and change their ideas about insects as soon as possible. As students, we should protect our Mother Nature at 25 early age and begin in small ways. 2 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使其意思完整。 March 22 is the World Water Day. It started in 1993. It not only makes us learn about the i 26 of water, but also calls on us to save water and protect water. Water is very important in our life. As we all know, usually a man can stay alive for only three or four days w 27 water. Today, the water problems such as water pollution, water waste and water shortage are so s 28 that many people around the world cannot find clean water to drink. Luckily, many governments and organizations have already t 29 action to protect water. Moreover, many charities (慈善机构) are trying their best to p 30 clean water for more people. W 31 can we students do to help? We can support the charities and take part in the World Water Day a 32 . We can visit the UN World Water Day website to find out more events near us, too. In our d 33 lives, we should be careful with how we use water. For example, when we b 34 our teeth, we should turn off the tap. We should a 35 take showers for less than ten minutes. If all of us do something, we can make a better world with clean water for everyone. 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 7 The natural world 核心语法精练 双宾语动词及基本句型（SVOO、SVOC） 目录 二、考点夯基 6 一、用所给单词的正确形式填空 6 二、单项选择 7 三、完成句子 8 四、句型转换 9 3 一、语法选择 23 二、短文填空 20 双宾语动词及基本句型（SVOO、SVOC） 一、可接双宾语的动词 结构：主语 + 谓语 + 间接宾语（人） + 直接宾语（物） = 主语 + 谓语 + 直接宾语（物） + 介词 (to/for) + 间接宾语（人） 双宾语 1. 概念定义 部分及物动词后可接两个宾语： 间接宾语（IO）：通常指 "人"，表示动作是 "为谁 / 对谁" 做的； 直接宾语（DO）：通常指 "物"，表示动作的直接承受者。 两种结构对比表 结构 公式 例句 结构一：人在前，物在后 V + sb. + sth. She gave me a book. 结构二：物在前，人在后（加介词） V + sth. + to/for + sb. She gave a book to me. 介词 to 与 for 的选择 介词 含义 常见动词 例句 to 表示 "给、对"（方向性） give, show, send, bring, pass, tell, teach, lend, hand Please pass the salt to me. for 表示 "为、替"（目的性） buy, make, cook, get, sing, draw, find My mother bought a new bag for me. 1. 常接介词 to 的动词（表 "给予、传递"） 动词 含义 例句（双宾语结构） 同义转换（加 to） give 给 Give me the book. Give the book to me. pass 传递 Pass her the salt. Pass the salt to her. show 展示 Show us your photos. Show your photos to us. send 寄送 Send him an email. Send an email to him. bring 带来 Bring me a cup of tea. Bring a cup of tea to me. take 拿走 Take her the message. Take the message to her. lend 借出 Lend me your pen. Lend your pen to me. tell 告诉 Tell us a story. Tell a story to us. teach 教 Teach us English. Teach English to us. write 写 Write me a letter. Write a letter to me. hand 递交 Hand him the key. Hand the key to him. offer 提供 Offer them a job. Offer a job to them. sell 卖 Sell me the bike. Sell the bike to me. return 归还 Return me the book. Return the book to me. 2. 常接介词 for 的动词（表 "为…… 做"） 动词 含义 例句（双宾语结构） 同义转换（加 for） buy 买 Buy me a new bag. Buy a new bag for me. make 制作 Make us a cake. Make a cake for us. cook 烹饪 Cook him dinner. Cook dinner for him. get 弄到 Get me a ticket. Get a ticket for me. sing 唱 Sing us a song. Sing a song for us. draw 画 Draw me a picture. Draw a picture for me. find 找到 Find me a job. Find a job for me. order 订购 / 点 Order us some food. Order some food for us. save 节省 / 保留 Save me a seat. Save a seat for me. build 建造 Build them a house. Build a house for them. 二、SVOO 与 SVOC 句型 句型结构总览 句型 全称 结构 核心特点 典型动词 SVOO Subject + Verb + Indirect Object + Direct Object 主 + 谓 + 间宾（人） + 直宾（物） 两个宾语都是动作的对象，间宾和直宾之间没有逻辑上的主谓关系；可改为 "V + sth + to/for + sb" give, show, send, buy, tell, teach, bring 等 SVOC Subject + Verb + Object + Object Complement 主 + 谓 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语 宾语和补足语之间有逻辑上的主谓关系（即 "宾语做 / 是……"）；补足语补充说明宾语的身份、状态、动作 call, name, make, keep, find, think, leave, see, hear, watch, let, have, ask, tell, want 等 1.例句：SVOO 与 SVOC 对比 句型 例句 成分分析 判断依据 SVOO She gave me a book. me = 间宾；a book = 直宾 "我" 和 "书" 之间不存在 "我是书" 或 "我书" 的逻辑关系 SVOC We call him Tom. him = 宾语；Tom = 宾补 逻辑上：He is Tom.（他是汤姆）—— 有主谓关系 SVOO He bought his mother a gift. his mother = 间宾；a gift = 直宾 可转换：He bought a gift for his mother. SVOC They made him monitor. him = 宾语；monitor = 宾补 逻辑上：He is monitor.（他是班长）—— 有主谓关系 SVOO Tell me your name. me = 间宾；your name = 直宾 可转换：Tell your name to me. SVOC Keep the room clean. the room = 宾语；clean = 宾补 逻辑上：The room is clean.（房间是干净的）—— 有主谓关系 2.SVOC 中宾补的常见形式 宾补形式 常见动词 例句 名词 call, name, make, elect, find, think, consider We named the baby Jack. 形容词 make, keep, find, think, leave, get, paint The news made her happy. 副词 / 介词短语 let, find, leave Let him in. / Leave the room in order. 动词原形（不带 to 的不定式） make, let, have, see, hear, watch, feel, notice I saw him cross the road. 带 to 的不定式 ask, tell, want, would like, invite, allow, advise She asked me to help her. 现在分词（-ing） see, hear, watch, feel, find, keep, leave I heard her singing in the next room. 过去分词（-ed） have, get, make, find, leave I had my hair cut yesterday. 三、并列连词 and, but, or, so 的用法 1.基本用法对比 连词 含义 逻辑关系 用法说明 例句 and 和；并且；然后 并列 / 顺承 / 递进 连接对等的词、短语或句子，表示并列关系或动作先后 I like apples and bananas. She got up and had breakfast. but 但是 转折 连接意思相反或相对的内容，语气较 however 弱 He is poor, but he is happy. I wanted to go, but I was too busy. or 或者；否则 选择 / 警告 ① 表示选择关系；② 用于祈使句后，意为 "否则"（= if not） Would you like tea or coffee? Hurry up, or you'll be late. so 所以；于是 因果 表示结果，引出由前文原因导致的结果（不能与 because 同时出现在同一句中） It was raining, so we stayed at home. I was tired, so I went to bed early. 2.四大连词用法详解 连词 功能分类 结构 / 句型 例句 and 并列关系 A and B（连接对等成分） My brother and I are students. 顺承关系 动词 1 + and + 动词 2（动作先后） He came in and sat down. 祈使句 + and + 句子（= if…） Study hard, and you'll pass. but 转折关系 …, but …（前后语义相反） The bag is nice, but it's too expensive. not … but …（不是…… 而是……） He is not a teacher but a doctor. or 选择关系 A or B（二者选其一） Are you going by bus or by train? 否定句中代替 and（和） I don't like coffee or tea. 祈使句 + or + 句子（否则） Put on your coat, or you'll catch a cold. so 因果关系 原因句 + so + 结果句 She felt ill, so she went to see the doctor. so that（以便，为了） He got up early so that he could catch the early bus. 3.易错点分析 考点 说明 正确示例 because 与 so 不能连用 二者只能用一个，不能同时出现在同一句 Because he was ill, he didn't come. He was ill, so he didn't come. although/though 与 but 不能连用 二者只能用一个 Although it rained, we went out. It rained, but we went out. 否定句中用 or 代替 and 否定句中并列成分用 or 连接 He can't read or write. 祈使句 + and/or and 表 "那么就"；or 表 "否则" Work hard, and you'll succeed. Work hard, or you'll fail. and 连接主语 A and B 作主语，谓语用复数 Tom and Jerry are good friends. 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1．He also trained people ________ (do) research on farming. 2．Mum reminds Peter ________ (buy) some milk because it’s running out. 3．Let friendship be warm like sunshine and ________ (die) like a quiet stream in autumn. 4．The introduction of this new product helped farmers ________ (produce) much more rice. 5．Yesterday I ________ (notice) a lovely cat ________ (pass) by my window. 6．I recommend you _________ (book) tickets early. 7．He invited all his friends ____________ (come) to his birthday party. 8．His friend noticed him ________ (look) sad. 9．Mr Wang teaches _______ (we) English this year. We like him very much. 10．I read books every day to make ________(me) better and learn more about the world. 11．This valuable necklace ______ (cost) her grandmother a fortune when she bought it in the 1990s. 12．Please give ________ (she) a glass of water. 13．Only by studying hard continuously can we promise ________ (our) a bright future. 14．On my twelfth birthday, my mother made ________ (I) a beautiful sweater as my birthday gift. 15．I ________ (find) it interesting to take part in volunteer activities. 16．He did not want to disappoint his family as ________ (well) as himself. 17．They remember better if they do a task rather than just ________ (read) about it. 18．She joined the PLA as a doctor and ________ (become) China’s first female paratrooper. 19．Chen Ming found a good way to study and ________ (improve) his French. 20．My father wants me to be a doctor ________ (and/or) an engineer, ________ (so/but) I want to be an actor. 二、单项选择 21．Tom is interested in adventure stories, ________ he often reads books by Jack London. A．or B．so C．but D．though 22．My hometown used to be a small and quiet village, ________ now it is a modern and busy town. A．but B．or C．so D．for 23．He loves playing the piano________ his twin brother is only interested in playing basketball. A．when B．while C．but D．or 24．— _________ was your trip to the museum? — It was educational (有教育意义的) ________ a little boring. A．How; but B．What; and C．How; or D．What; but 25．Learning is not a lonely journey, ________ we need to discuss with partners. A．so B．because C．but D．or 26．—Would you like ________ fishing with me? —Yes, I’d like to. ________ I have a lot of homework to do. A．to go; But B．go; And C．going; But D．goes; And 27．—Can you help me? The pen is John’s. 一OK, I will ________. A．give him it B．give it him C．give to him it D．give it to him 28．I left my pen at home. Could you please ________ me yours for a moment? A．lend B．borrow C．keep D．take 29．The local government promised to ______ more food and water ______ the homeless people. A．provide; for B．provide; into C．provide; with D．provide; at 30．My grandmother ______ and said, “Now, make the first cut.” A．handed me a piece of paper B．handed a piece of paper me C．handed a piece of paper for me D．handed for me a piece of paper 31．—We ______ you a Merry Christmas! —Thanks. I ______ you’ll have a good time. A．wish; hope B．hope; wish C．wish; wish D．hope; hope 32．Our teacher always tells us we should ________ our classroom clean and tidy every day. A．keep B．make C．let D．get 33．She ______ a postcard ______ her grandpa next week. A．sends; with B．will send; with C．sends; to D．will send; to 34．I saw Li Ming ______ near the river on my way home. A．plays B．playing C．to play D．played 35．After the earthquake, the government tried to ________ food and fresh water to people in need. A．offer B．improve C．find D．provide 36．Please give your sister ________ a new pen, Danny. A．to B．for C．with D．/ 37．The structure of the sentence “Hobo built Eddie a tent.” is ________. A．S+V+O B．S+V+P C．S+V+O+O D．S+V+O+C 38．Which sentence belongs to “S+V+IO+DO”? A．The teacher gave him a book. B．The book is interesting. C．The little dog is called “Diandian”. D．The music sounds great. 39．The basic sentence structure of “They call the ocean the heart of the earth.” is ________ . A．S+V+O B．S+V+P C．S+V+O+O D．S+V+O+C 40．Which of the following has the same sentence structure as “They asked me to stop.”? A．We call her Mrs. Brown. B．He likes swimming. C．They are good at Maths. D．Mr. Green has an uncle. 三、完成句子 41．烹饪给我们带来幸福和爱。 Cooking ________ us happiness and ________. 42．他们觉得球类运动给他们能量并帮助建立团队精神。   They feel that ball games ________ them energy and help ________ team spirit. 43．我愿意借这本书给Mary。 I am willing to ______ the book ______ Mary. 44．他主动要把他的词典借给我 He __________ ________ __________ me his dictionary.。 45．我不喜欢好朋友送我的新T恤。 I don’t like the new T-shirt my good friend ________ ________ me. 46．你不会忘记带你的校服，对吗？   You won’t ________ to bring your ________, will you? 47．我发现每周末在我爷爷的农场上骑马很有趣。 I ________ ________ interesting to ride a horse at my grandfather’s farm every weekend. 48．压力太大使他感到不舒服。 Too much stress ________ him ________ ________. 49．医生强烈警告他戒烟。 The doctor strongly ________ him ________ stop smoking. 50．让我来告诉你我的故事。 Let me ________ you my ________. 51．我以前不会骑自行车，但是我现在学会了骑自行车。 I couldn’t ride a bike before, ________ I have learned ________ ________ a bike now. 52．我们自主记录课文，而非死记单词。 Record texts by ________, ________ than memorize single words. 53．志愿服务不仅有趣，还帮助我们学习和成长。 Volunteering is ________ ________ for fun but it also helps us learn and grow. 54．她不仅善良，而且乐于助人。 She is ________ ________ kind ________ ________ helpful. 55．许多人靠开小店铺谋生，同时也在网上卖东西。 Many people ________ by running small shops ________ selling things online at the same time. 四、句型转换 56．Everyone went hiking except Tom.（改为同义句） Tom didn’t go hiking. ________ ________ the others did. 57．The hacker was so clever that he tricked many people.（改为同义句） The hacker was very clever, ________ he tricked many people. 58．It rained hard, so she didn’t take a walk.（改为同义句） She didn’t take a walk ________ ________ the heavy rain. 59．Although it rained heavily, we still finished the hiking trip. (改为同义句) It rained heavily, ________ we still finished the hiking trip. 60．We should study hard and we should also find time to relax.（合并为一句） We should ________ study hard ________ find time to relax. 61．She forgot to set her alarm clock and as a result, she was late for work. She forgot to set her alarm clock, ________ ________ she was late for work. 62．Though he is very tired, he still keeps working. (改为同义句) He is very tired, ________ he still keeps working. 63．She shows the photo to me. (改为同义句) She ________ ________ ________ photo. 64．They provide food and clothes for the poor children. (改为同义句) They ________ the poor children ________ food and clothes. 65．My teacher advised me to join the study group.（改为同义句） My teacher gave me __________ __________ on joining the study group. 66．Betty is kind. Betty is helpful. (合并为一句，使用and) Betty is kind ________ ________. 67．Although it rains, we keep training.(用but改写) It rains, ________ we keep training. 68．Tom’s father gave him a new bicycle as the birthday present. (改为被动句) A new bicycle________by his father as the birthday present. 69．Cathy is going to find a job this weekend. (改为一般疑问句) ________ Cathy ________ ________ ________ a job this weekend? 70．We chose a leader. We discussed ideas.（合并为一句） We chose a leader ________ ________ ideas. 参考答案 一、 1．to do 【解析】句意：他还培训人们开展农业研究。固定搭配train sb. to do sth.表示“训练某人做某事”，因此填to do。 2．to buy 【解析】句意：妈妈提醒彼得去买一些牛奶，因为牛奶快喝完了。remind为动词，固定搭配remind sb. to do sth.意为“提醒某人去做某事”，括号内给出单词buy是动词原形，此处需要用不定式形式to buy作宾语补足语，符合语法与语境。 3．die 【解析】句意：让友谊如阳光般温暖，又如秋日静谧的溪流般消逝。固定搭配let sth do sth表示”让某物做某事”，and连接并列宾语补足语be warm与die，并列结构均需使用动词原形，括号内给出动词die，无需变形，故填die。 4．produce/to produce 【解析】句意：这款新产品的引进帮助农民产出更多水稻。本句的核心结构是help sb. (to) do sth.“帮助某人做某事”，to可以省略，后面接动词原形；括号内produce为动词原形，此处直接使用produce，也可用to produce。 5． noticed passing 【解析】句意：昨天我注意到一只可爱的猫正从我的窗边经过。 yesterday表明第一空用一般过去时，notice的过去式是noticed；notice sb./sth. doing sth.表示注意到某人/某物正在做某事，强调动作正在进行，pass的动名词形式是passing。 6．to book 【解析】句意：我建议你尽早订票。recommend sb. to do sth.，意为“建议某人做某事”，此处应填动词不定式。故填to book。 7．to come 【解析】句意：他邀请了他所有的朋友来参加他的生日聚会。invite sb. to do sth.意为“邀请某人做某事”，不定式在这里作宾语补足语。故填to come。 8．looking 【解析】句意：他的朋友注意到他看起来很伤心。句中“noticed”为谓语动词，其后接宾语“him”和宾语补足语。“notice sb do sth”表示“注意到某人做了某事（全过程）”，强调动作的完整性和结果；“notice sb doing sth”表示“注意到某人正在做某事”，强调动作正在进行。结合语境“look sad”（看起来伤心）强调当时的状态。应填looking。 9．us 【解析】句意：王先生今年教我们英语。我们非常喜欢他。空格前的teach是动词，其后要跟双宾语，间接宾语要用代词宾格形式，故填us。 10．myself 【解析】句意：我每天都读书是为了让自己变得更好，更多地了解世界。结合句意可知，读书的目的是让自己变得更好，因此需要使用反身代词，me对应的反身代词是myself。故填myself。 11．cost 【解析】句意：这条珍贵的项链在她祖母20世纪90年代购买时花了一大笔钱。分析句子结构可知，此处在句中作谓语。根据时间状语从句中的动词“bought”以及时间点“in the 1990s”可知，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。动词cost意为“花费”，其过去式与原形相同，仍为cost。故填cost。 12．her 【解析】句意：请给她一杯水。此处需要宾格形式作give的宾语，she的宾格是her。 13．ourselves 【解析】句意：只有不断努力学习，我们才能保证自己有一个光明的未来。根据“...can we promise...”可知，在这个句子中，动作“promise”的发出者和承受者都是“we”，即当主语和间接宾语指向同一群人时，通常使用反身代词来强调这种“为自己”的动作。所以用“our”的反身代词“ourselves”。故填ourselves。 14．me 【解析】句意：在我十二岁生日那天，妈妈给我织了一件漂亮的毛衣作为生日礼物。I“我”，主格代词。make sb. sth.“为某人制作某物”，动词后接宾语，此处须使用代词的宾格形式，I的宾格为me。故填me。 15．find 【解析】句意：我发现参加志愿活动很有趣。根据句意可知，描述的是现在的一般感受，需用一般现在时。find it + 形容词 + to do sth“认为做某事很……”，固定用法。主语为I，谓语动词用原形。故填find。 16．well 【解析】句意：他不想让家人失望，也不想让自己失望。disappoint是动词，意为“使失望”，句中his family和himself为并列成分，此处使用固定短语as well as，意为“和，以及”，用来连接两个并列对象，故填well。 17．read 【解析】句意：如果动手完成任务而不只是阅读相关内容，他们会记得更牢固。固定搭配rather than前后句式保持并列，前面为动词原形do，因此后面用原形read。 18．became 【解析】句意：她以医生的身份加入中国人民解放军，并且成为中国第一位女伞兵。and连接并列谓语，joined为过去式，动词become“成为”也用过去式became。 19．improved 【解析】句意：陈明找到了一个很棒的学习方法，法语水平也提高了。improve“改进，提高”，and连接两个并列成分，根据“found a good way to study”可知，此句为一般过去时态，所以improve也应该用一般过去时。故填improved。 20． or but 【解析】句意：我父亲想让我成为一名医生或一名工程师，但是我想成为一名演员。and和，表顺承；or或者，表选择；so因此，表因果；but但是，表转折。根据“ a doctor”和“an engineer”结合句意可知，父亲希望我将来成为其中一种，而非全部，表选择用or；根据“I want to be an actor”可知，我的想法与父亲的期望不一样，此处表转折，用but。故填or；but。 二、 21．B 【解析】句意：汤姆对冒险故事感兴趣，所以他经常读杰克·伦敦写的书。 or或者；so所以；but但是；though虽然。前半句表示汤姆喜爱冒险故事，后半句是由此产生的结果，so用来引出结果，符合句子逻辑。 22．A 【解析】句意：我的家乡过去是一个小而安静的村庄，但是现在它是一个现代化且繁忙的城镇。 but但是；or或者；so所以；for因为。根据前半句“used to be a small and quiet village”与后半句“now it is a modern and busy town”可知，前后句意存在转折关系，应用but连接。 23．B 【解析】句意：他喜欢弹钢琴，然而他的双胞胎兄弟只对打篮球感兴趣。 when当……时候；while然而；当……时候；but但是；or或者。根据前后句意可知，兄弟两人的爱好不同，形成对比关系，while在此处表示“然而”，用于对比两种情况，符合语境。应填while。 24．A 【解析】句意：——你去博物馆的旅程怎么样？—— 它很有教育意义，但是有点无聊。 第一空，根据答语是对旅行体验的描述，可知应用How提问“怎么样”；第二空，educational与a little boring情感色彩相反，表示转折关系，应用but连接。 25．A 【解析】句意：学习不是一个孤独的旅程，所以我们需要与伙伴讨论。 so所以；because因为；but但是；or否则。根据句意，前后句为因果关系（不是孤独旅程→需要讨论），应用so，表示结果。应填so。 26．A 【解析】句意：——你想和我一起去钓鱼吗？——是的，我想去。但是我有很多作业要做。 But但是；And和。固定搭配：would like后接动词不定式，构成would like to do sth.结构，意为“想要做某事”，因此第一空填to go；根据语境，虽然想去但有作业，前后句意表示转折，因此第二空填But。 27．D 【解析】句意：——你能帮我吗？这支笔是约翰的。——好的，我会把它给他。 give接双宾语有give sb sth和 give sth to sb两种结构。当直接宾语和间接宾语都是代词时，只能用give sth to sb结构，即give it to him。故选D。 28．A 【解析】句意：——我把钢笔忘在家里了。你能把你的钢笔借我用一会儿吗？ lend借出；borrow借入；keep保留/持有；take拿走。根据语境，说话人希望对方“把笔借给自己”，即对方是“借出”的一方，符合lend sb. sth.的用法，而borrow表示“借入”，结构应为borrow sth. from sb.，不能直接接双宾语，应填lend。 29．A 【解析】句意：当地政府承诺为无家可归的人提供更多的食物和水。 provide; for 为……提供……；provide; into 搭配错误；provide; with 为某人提供某物（结构为provide sb. with sth.）；provide; at 搭配错误；“provide sth. for sb.”是固定搭配，意为“为某人提供某物”，句中“more food and water”是物、“the homeless people”是人，符合“provide sth. for sb.”的结构，应填provide; for。 30．A 【解析】句意：我的祖母递给我一张纸并说：“现在，剪第一刀。” hand作动词时意为“传递”，常用结构为hand sb. sth.或 hand sth. to sb.。根据语法规则，A选项符合hand sb. sth.结构。 31．A 【解析】句意：——我们祝你圣诞快乐！——谢谢。我希望你会玩得开心。 wish后可接双宾语，构成wish sb. sth. 结构，表示“祝愿某人某事”；hope后常接宾语从句，表示“希望某事发生”。第一空后是you和a Merry Christmas双宾语，填wish；第二空后是从句，表示对未来的期望，填hope。 32．A 【解析】句意：我们老师总是告诉我们，我们应该每天保持教室干净整洁。 keep保持；make使，制作；let让；get获得，使得。固定结构“keep+宾语+形容词”表示“保持某物处于某种状态”，符合本题“保持教室干净整洁”的语境；make强调使某物变成某种状态，let后通常接宾语加动词原形作宾补，不接形容词作该结构的宾补，get强调使达到某种状态，均不符合本句语义和常用表达习惯。 33．D 【解析】句意：下周她将会给她的爷爷寄一张明信片。 sends“发送，寄”，动词的第三人称单数形式；will send是一般将来时；with“和……一起”；to“给……”。根据句中的时间状语“next week”可知，这里表示将来的事情，应用一般将来时，故排除A和C；send sth. to sb.是固定短语，“给某人寄某物”，故应选D。 34．B 【分析】 【解析】句意：回家的路上我看见李明正在河边玩。考查动词固定用法，see sb. do sth.看见某人做了某事(的全过程)； see sb. doing sth.看见某人正在做某事（强调该动作正在进行）。故答案选B。 35．A 【解析】句意：在地震之后，政府努力向有需要的人们提供食物和淡水。 考查动词辨析。offer提供；improve改进；find找到；provide提供。根据“the government tried to ... food and fresh water to people in need.”可知，政府向人们提供食物和淡水。offer sth to sb“向某人提供某物”，provide sb with sth/provide sth for sb“为某人提供某物”。故选A。 36．D 【解析】句意：丹尼，请给你妹妹一支新钢笔。 考查及物动词的用法。to朝着；for为了；with带有；/不填。根据“give your sister…a new pen”可知，give sb. sth.“给某人某物”，动词短语。故选D。 37．C 【解析】句意：句子“Hobo built Eddie a tent.”的结构是“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语”。 分析句子结构，“Hobo”是主语，“built”是谓语，“Eddie”是间接宾语，“a tent”是直接宾语，构成双宾语结构。 38．A 【解析】句意：哪个句子属于“主+谓+间宾+直宾”结构？ A 项是主语(The teacher)+谓语 (gave)+间接宾语(him)+直接宾语(a book)，即S+V+IO+DO结构；B项是主语(The book)+系动词(is)+表语(interesting)，即S+V+P结构；C项是主语(The little dog)+谓语 (is called)+主语补足语(Diandian)，即S+V+C结构；D项是主语(The music)+系动词 (sounds)+表语(great)，即S+V+P结构。 39．D 【解析】句意：“They call the ocean the heart of the earth.(他们称海洋为地球之心)”的基本句子结构是主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语。 S+V+O主+谓+宾；S+V+P主+系+表；S+V+O+O主+谓+宾+宾；S+V+O+C主+谓+宾+宾补。分析句子成分可知，They是主语，call是谓语，the ocean是宾语，the heart of the earth是宾语补足语，用来补充说明宾语的身份，而非第二个宾语。因此该句属于S+V+O+C结构。 40．A 【解析】句意：以下哪一个句子结构与“They asked me to stop”相同？ 考查句子结构。They asked me to stop的结构是主谓宾宾补；We call her Mrs. Brown的句子结构是主谓宾宾补；He likes swimming的句子结构是主谓宾；They are good at Maths的句子结构是主系表；Mr. Green has an uncle的句子结构是主谓宾。故选A。 三、 41． brings love 【解析】原句中的关键词是：“带来”和“爱”，对应英文bring，love。主语Cooking是动名词作主语，视为第三人称单数，且句子陈述客观事实用一般现在时，所以“带来”对应填brings，第二个空直接填love，刚好匹配“bring sb sth”的双宾语结构和语义要求。 42． give build 【解析】第一空：原句中“给他们能量”是关键词，表达“给某人某物”的固定短语是give sb. sth.，从句主语ball games为复数名词，整句描述常态观点，时态为一般现在时，复数主语后谓语动词用原形，在从句中作谓语。第二空：原句中“建立团队精神”是关键词，表达“建立”的动词是build，固定搭配help (to) do sth.（帮助做某事），build team spirit做help的宾语。 43． lend to 【解析】根据中英文提示可知，此处表达“把某物借给某人”，使用“lend sth. to sb.”这一固定短语；不定式to后接动词原形lend，介词to表示对象“给”。故填lend；to。 44． offered to lend 【解析】结合句意，该句为一般过去时，“主动提出做某事”为offer to do sth.，offer过去式为offered；“把某物借给某人”为lend sb. sth.，故填offered；to；lend。 45． sent to 【解析】原句中“送”是关键词，表示“送”的动词是send，T恤是已经送了，用一般过去时，send的过去式为sent，send sth to sb“把某物送给某人”，此处需加上介词to。 46． forget uniform 【解析】原句中“忘记”以及“校服”是关键词，表示“忘记”的动词为“forget”，句中won’t是will not的缩写，情态动词will后接动词原形；表示“校服”的名词为“uniform”，作bring的宾语。故填forget；uniform。 47． find it 【解析】原句“发现”为关键词，表示“发现”的英文为find，本句需固定句型find + it + 形容词 + to do sth，意为“发现做某事是……的”。 其中it是形式宾语，替代后面真正的宾语to ride a horse，避免句子头重脚轻；题干描述“每周末”的经常性情况，用一般现在时，主语是第一人称I，谓语动词用原形find，因此两个空分别填find；it。 48． makes feel uncomfortable 【解析】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“使他感到不舒服”。“使某人做某事”对应的固定结构是make sb. do sth.，句子主语“Too much stress”是不可数名词，视为单数，故第一空填makes；“感到不舒服”对应的表达是feel uncomfortable，在make后用动词原形。故填makes；feel；uncomfortable。 49． warned to 【解析】根据中英文对照可知，空格处表示“强烈警告”，用warn sb. to do sth.结构。根据语境可知，此句用一般过去时，因此第一空填warned，第二空填to。故填warned；to。 50． tell story 【解析】根据中英文对照，缺少“告诉”及“故事”。tell“告诉”；story“故事”。let sb. do“让某人做某事”，因此第一空用动词原形；由“my”可知，第二空用单数。故填tell；story。 51． but to ride 【解析】原句中“但是”和“骑”是关键词，“但是”对应英文转折连词but，用于连接语义相反的两个分句；固定搭配learn to do sth.表示“学会做某事”，to后接动词原形，“骑自行车”译为ride a bike，故填but；to；ride。 52． ourselves rather 【解析】原句中“自主”和“而非”为关键信息，固定搭配by oneself表示“独自、自主”，主语是we，反身代词用ourselves；固定短语rather than表示“而不是”。 53． not only 【解析】原句中“不仅……还……”是关键词，固定搭配not only…but (also)…表示“不仅……而且……”。 54． not only but also 【解析】原句中“不仅……而且……”为关键信息，固定搭配not only…but also…连接并列形容词。 55． make a living as well as 【解析】原句中“谋生”和“也”是关键词，表示“谋生”的短语是make a living，“也”用并列连词as well as表示；本句为一般现在时，主语为复数，谓语动词用原形。故填make a living；as well as。 四、 56． But all 【解析】句意：除了汤姆，大家都去徒步了。这句话包含两层意思：① 汤姆没去；② 其他所有人都去了。改写句的第一部分“Tom didn’t go hiking.”已经表达了“汤姆没去”这一层意思。第二部分需要表达“但是其他所有人都去了”，以对应原句的“Everyone...except Tom”。第一空：前后两句存在转折关系，且位于新句句首，故可连词but，此处位于句首，单词的首字母需大写。第二空：原句的主语是“Everyone”，改写句中对应的是“the others”。为了强调“所有的”其他人，需加上限定词all，构成“all the others”，与“Everyone”含义等同。故填But；all。 57．so 【解析】句意：那个黑客如此聪明，以至于他骗了很多人。原句中的“so…that…”结构表示“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。在进行同义句转换时，该结构可以与“very…, so…”并列句结构进行转换，即用表示结果的并列连词so来连接前后的因果关系。 58． because of 【解析】句意：雨下得很大，所以她没有去散步。because后接完整句子，because of后接名词/名词短语。 原句It rained hard是句子，转换后the heavy rain为名词短语，因此用because of表示因果关系。 59．but/yet 【解析】句意：尽管雨下得很大，我们还是完成了徒步旅行。句中“Although”表示“虽然、尽管”，引导让步状语从句，同义转换时可用“but”或“yet”来表达转折关系，故填but/yet。 60． not only but also 【解析】句意：我们应该努力学习，也应该找时间放松。原句合并为一句时，可用“not only...but also...”（不仅……而且……）的结构来连接两个并列的动作。 61． so that 【解析】句意：她忘记设闹钟，因此上班迟到了。原句使用“and as a result”表示结果，改为同义句时，可用“so that”结构表示因果关系，连接两个分句。故填so；that。 62．but 【解析】句意：尽管他很累，他还是继续工作。分析句子可知，这里填连词。根据“He is very tired, ... he still keeps working.”可知，前后两个句子是转折关系，故填but。 63． shows me the 【解析】句意：她给我看这张照片。show sb. sth.=show sth. to sb.，表示“把某物展示给某人看”，主语She是第三人称单数，谓语动词用shows，原句中me放动词后，the photo放最后，应填shows；me；the。 64． provide with 【解析】句意：他们为贫困儿童提供食物和衣服。“provide sth. for sb.”与“provide sb. with sth.”均表示“给某人提供某物”。本句主语是“They”，句子为一般现在时，因此使用动词原形“provide”；“food and clothes”是物，因此前面使用介词“with”。 65． some advice 【解析】句意：我的老师建议我加入学习小组。原句用到动词搭配advise sb. to do sth. 表示“建议某人做某事”。转换句型后需要填名词短语，advise对应的名词是不可数名词advice“建议”，give sb. some advice on/about doing sth.表示“给某人建议做某事”和原句含义完全一致，故填some；advice。 66． and helpful 【解析】句意：贝蒂很善良。贝蒂很乐于助人。两句主语（Betty）和系动词（is）相同，合并时保留主语和系动词，用and连接两个并列的形容词kind和helpful，构成“主语+系动词+表语1+and+表语 2”结构，所以填and和helpful。 67．but 【解析】句意：尽管下雨，我们仍坚持训练。although和but都表达转折含义，二者不能同时使用，题干已经给出了前半部分“It rains”和后半部分“we keep training”，只需要在空处填入转折连词but。 68．was given to Tom 【解析】句意：汤姆的父亲给他一辆新的自行车作为生日礼物。 原句的主语是Tom’s father ，谓语动词gave是一般过去时态；间接宾语是him，直接宾语是a new bicycle。变成被动，主语是a new bicycle,是第三人称单数;谓语动词变成被动形式was given；间接宾语用介词加上人“to Tom”。故答案为was given to Tom。 69． Is going to find 【解析】句意：凯西这个周末要找一份工作。以be动词、助动词、情态动词开头的句子叫一般疑问句。根据原语境可知，原句为一般将来时be going to + 动词原形结构，主语为Cathy，将is前提，其余的抄下来，又因is位于句首，首字母i需大写。故填Is；going；to；find。 70． and discussed 【解析】句意：我们选了一个领导并且讨论了想法。原句有两个句子，合并为一个句子时，可以用连词“and”来连接两个并列的动作“chose a leader”和“discussed ideas”。故填and；discussed。 一、语法选择 There are many wetlands (湿地) in China. And 1 of them have become the world’s important wetlands. The Chinese Yellow Sea Wetlands are among them. They are in Yancheng, Jiangsu Province. There 2 many different kinds of animals living there as home. The world’s largest Milu Deer Nature Reserve is in them. 3 milu deer live freely there. There are not many red-crowned cranes (丹顶鹤) in the world, 4 every winter you can see some in the Red-Crowned Cranes Nature Reserve in the Yellow Sea Wetlands. The temperature in the wetlands is usually 5 too high nor too low. There is a lot of rain and sunshine, too. There are really good places for wildlife. 6 food or home to some special kinds of animals is not the only reason 7 we need to protect wetlands. Wetlands are important because they can 8 prevent (阻止) floods. But some people insist that they want 9 the wetlands to make more space for farms and buildings. This means that there will be 10 space for wildlife. Luckily, more and more people begin to realize the 11 of wetlands and wildlife at the moment. Every year 12 February 2nd, many activities are held to tell people more about wetlands. More and more wetland parks 13 around the world. They 14 not only protect some endangered animals, but also provide some good places for us to travel. Do you think it’s necessary for 15 to protect the wetlands? 1．A．little B．much C．any D．some 2．A．is B．are C．was D．were 3．A．Thousand B．Thousands C．Thousand of D．Thousands of 4．A．and B．but C．so D．because 5．A．either B．both C．neither D．none 6．A．Offer B．Offers C．Offering D．To offering 7．A．what B．which C．why D．when 8．A．also B．too C．either D．as well as 9．A．change B．changes C．to change D．changed 10．A．little B．less C．least D．the least 11．A．important B．importance C．importantly D．more importantly 12．A．on B．in C．at D．for 13．A．build B．is built C．was built D．are built 14．A．should B．can C．need D．must 15．A．ours B．our C．we D．us 【答案】 1．D 2．B 3．D 4．B 5．C 6．C 7．C 8．A 9．C 10．B 11．B 12．A 13．D 14．B 15．D 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国湿地的重要性、现状及保护措施。 1．句意：中国有许多湿地，其中一些已成为世界重要湿地。 little几乎没有；much许多（修饰不可数名词）；any任何；some一些。根据“many wetlands (湿地)”和“world’s important wetlands”可知，此处表示“一些湿地”，故选D。 2．句意：那里有许多不同种类的动物以湿地为家。 is是（主语是第三人称单数）；are是（主语是复数或you）；was是（过去式单数）；were是（过去式复数）。主语“many different kinds of animals”是复数，且为一般现在时，故选B。 3．句意：成千上万的麋鹿在那里自由生活。 Thousand千（单数）；Thousands千（复数）；Thousand of错误搭配；Thousands of成千上万的。固定搭配“Thousands of”表示泛指的数量，故选D。 4．句意：世界上丹顶鹤不多，但每年冬天你都能在黄海湿地看到一些。 and和；but但是；so所以；because因为。前后句为转折关系，应用but连接，故选B。 5．句意：湿地的温度通常既不太高也不太低。 either两者之一；both两者都；neither两者都不；none没有。此处是固定搭配“neither…nor…”，表示“既不……也不……”，故选C。 6．句意：为某些特殊动物提供食物或家园并不是我们需要保护湿地的唯一原因。 Offer提供（动词原形）；Offers提供（动词三单）；Offering提供（动名词）；To offering错误搭配。此处是作主语，需要用动名词形式，故选C。 7．句意：为某些特殊动物提供食物或家园并不是我们需要保护湿地的唯一原因。 what什么；which哪个；why为什么；when何时。此处是定语从句，先行词是reason，连接词需要用why，表示“原因”。故选C。 8．句意：湿地很重要，因为它们还能防止洪水。 also也（肯定句句中）；too也（肯定句句末）；either也（否定句句末）；as well as和。空格位于句中，表示“还能”，应用副词also，故选A。 9．句意：但有些人坚持想要改变湿地，为农田和建筑腾出更多空间。 change改变（动词原形）；changes改变（动词三单）；to change改变（动词不定式）；changed改变（动词过去式）。“want to do”为固定搭配，表示“想要做某事”，故选C。 10．句意：这意味着野生动物的空间将更少。 little几乎没有（原级）；less更少（比较级）；least最少（最高级）；the least最少（最高级）。此处是与前句“more space”对应，表示“更少空间”，用less，故选B。 11．句意：幸运的是，目前越来越多的人开始意识到湿地和野生动物的重要性。 important重要的；importance重要性；importantly重要地；more importantly更重要地。“the…of”之间需要填名词，故选B。 12．句意：每年2月2日，都会举办许多活动来宣传湿地。 on用于具体日期；in用于年/月/季节；at用于时刻；for用于时间段。“February 2nd”是具体日期，用介词on，故选A。 13．句意：全球越来越多的湿地公园被建立。 build建造（动词原形）；is built被建造（一般现在时的被动语态，主语是单数）；was built被建造（一般过去时的被动语态）；are built被建造（一般现在时的被动语态，主语是复数）。主语“wetland parks”是复数，和动词build之间是被动关系，时态是一般现在时，D选项符合。故选D。 14．句意：它们不仅能保护濒危动物，还能为我们提供旅游的好地方。 should应该；can能够；need需要；must必须。根据“not only protect some endangered animals, but also provide some good places for us to travel. ”可知，湿地公园不仅能保护濒危动物，还能为我们提供旅游的好地方，所以用can。故选B。 15．句意：你认为我们有必要保护湿地吗？ ours我们的（名词性物主代词）；our我们的（形容词性物主代词）；we我们（主格）；us我们（宾格）。“for”后接宾格作宾语，故选D。 二、短文填空 1 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 What will our world be like if there are no insects? Maybe it will give you much pleasure when there are no bad insects in your everyday life. 16 this could cause many problems in fact. The number of insects keeps down these years. There are also 17 (few) places for insects to live in than before. It 18 (become) a worrying natural problem now. What will happen if all insects die out? I think it will be 19 (real) serious. We need insects to break down (分解) 20 (die) plants and animals and turn them into new things. It provides us 21 the healthy soil (土壤). Besides, insects are food for lots of animals. The animals will be hungry or die without 22 (they). Then what should we do? The scientists spend lots of time 23 (search) for better ways to control the terrible situation. One of the 24 (suggestion) is that people can understand nature and change their ideas about insects as soon as possible. As students, we should protect our Mother Nature at 25 early age and begin in small ways. 【答案】 16．But 17．fewer 18．is becoming 19．really 20．dead 21．with 22．them 23．searching 24．suggestions 25．an 【解析】本文讨论了如果没有昆虫，世界将会怎样，强调了昆虫在生态系统中的重要性，并呼吁人们保护自然环境。 16．句意：但是如果生活中没有害虫，也许会给你带来很多乐趣，但是这实际上可能会引起很多问题。根据“Maybe it will give you much pleasure when there are no bad insects in your everyday life. …this could cause many problems in fact.”可知，前后两句是转折关系，用but连接，句首首字母大写。故填But。 17．句意：昆虫生存的地方也比以前少了。根据“than before”可知，此处用比较级，修饰可数名词复数places，用fewer。故填fewer。 18．句意：它现在正成为一个令人担忧的自然问题。根据“now”可知，此处用现在进行时，主语是It，be动词用is。故填is becoming。 19．句意：我认为这将是非常严重的。根据“serious”可知，此处用副词修饰形容词，real的副词为really。故填really。 20．句意：我们需要昆虫来分解死去的动植物，并将它们转化为新的东西。根据“plants and animals”可知，此处指死去的动植物，用形容词dead修饰名词。故填dead。 21．句意：它为我们提供了健康的土壤。provide sb with sth“为某人提供某物”，固定短语。故填with。 22．句意：没有它们，动物们就会饿死。根据“without”可知，介词后用宾格them作宾语。故填them。 23．句意：科学家们花了很多时间寻找更好的方法来控制这种可怕的情况。spend time (in) doing sth“花费时间做某事”，固定短语，空处用动名词形式。故填searching。 24．句意：其中一个建议是人们可以尽快了解自然，改变他们对昆虫的看法。one of the+名词复数“……之一”，固定用法，suggestion的复数为suggestions。故填suggestions。 25．句意：作为学生，我们应该在很小的时候就保护我们的大自然母亲，从小事做起。at an early age“在很小的时候”，固定短语。故填an。 2 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使其意思完整。 March 22 is the World Water Day. It started in 1993. It not only makes us learn about the i 26 of water, but also calls on us to save water and protect water. Water is very important in our life. As we all know, usually a man can stay alive for only three or four days w 27 water. Today, the water problems such as water pollution, water waste and water shortage are so s 28 that many people around the world cannot find clean water to drink. Luckily, many governments and organizations have already t 29 action to protect water. Moreover, many charities (慈善机构) are trying their best to p 30 clean water for more people. W 31 can we students do to help? We can support the charities and take part in the World Water Day a 32 . We can visit the UN World Water Day website to find out more events near us, too. In our d 33 lives, we should be careful with how we use water. For example, when we b 34 our teeth, we should turn off the tap. We should a 35 take showers for less than ten minutes. If all of us do something, we can make a better world with clean water for everyone. 【答案】 26．importance/mportance 27．without/ithout 28．serious/erious 29．taken/aken 30．provide/rovide 31．What/hat 32．activities/ctivities 33．daily/aily 34．brush/rush 35．also/lso 【解析】本文介绍了世界水日的由来和意义，并呼吁人们节约用水、保护水资源。 26．句意：它不仅让我们了解水的重要性，还呼吁我们节约用水和保护水。定冠词“the”后需填名词，指水所具备的重要意义，首字母i对应名词importance“重要性”。 27．句意：通常一个人没有水只能存活三四天。介词表示“没有”，指缺水状态下的生存极限，首字母w对应介词without“没有”。 28．句意：如今，水污染、水浪费和水短缺等问题如此严重，以至于世界上许多人找不到干净的水饮用。固定结构“so + 形容词 + that”中需填形容词作表语，指问题的严重程度，首字母s对应形容词serious“严重的”。 29．句意：幸运的是，许多政府和组织已经采取行动来保护水资源。助动词“have”后需填过去分词构成现在完成时，固定短语“take action”意为“采取行动”，指相关机构已经做出的努力，首字母t对应过去分词taken“采取”。 30．句意：此外，许多慈善机构正在尽力为更多人提供干净的水。固定结构“try one’s best to do”后需填动词原形，指提供水资源，首字母p对应动词provide“提供”。 31．句意：我们学生可以做些什么来帮忙？疑问代词作动词“do”的宾语，指学生能采取的行动，位于句首首字母需大写，首字母W对应疑问词What“什么”。 32．句意：我们可以支持慈善机构并参加世界水日的活动。并列连词“and”连接动词“support”和“take part in”，后需填名词作宾语，指水日期间举办的各项活动，多种活动用复数形式，首字母a对应复数名词activities“活动”。 33．句意：在我们的日常生活中，我们应该注意如何使用水。形容词修饰名词“lives”，指平时生活的方面，首字母d对应形容词daily“日常的”。 34．句意：例如，当我们刷牙时，我们应该关掉水龙头。时间状语从句中缺少谓语动词，指日常用水行为之一，首字母b对应动词brush“刷”。 35．句意：我们也应该淋浴时间少于十分钟。副词位于句中，表示在原有建议之外的补充，指另外的节水措施，首字母a对应副词also“也”。 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $